Unit 4 Friends Forever 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练）英语外研版必修第一册

Unit 4 Friends Forever 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C Passage 2 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B Passage 3 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A Passage 4 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F Passage 5 【答案】 1． A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6． B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B Passage 6 【答案】 1． a 2．with 3．wealthier 4．Known 5．entering 6．served 7．who 8．suggestion 9．policies 10．have been regarded 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 【答案】 1． an important quality 2． The distance between 3． turn up 4． was wondering 5． tend to be 6． make his fortune 7． turned up 8． adventures 二、应用文写作 【参考范文】 Dear fellow students, On behalf of the Student Union, I am writing to call on everyone to actively participate in establishing happy and healthy interpersonal relationships. As we know, good interpersonal relationships play an important role in our emotional well-being and personal growth. Therefore, it is vital for us students to get along well with one another. However, it is common that some students can’t get on well with their classmates because of personality differences. Thus, how can we build healthy and happy relationships with others? From my perspective, we are supposed to treat others with love and respect. In addition, I hold the belief that we ought to be tolerant and try to understand each other. In a word, only by cultivating tolerance, respect and honesty can we build relationships that bring joy and support throughout life. Let’s try our best to build good relationships with our classmates. 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 4 Friends Forever 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 识·单元要点概览 读·外刊拓展阅读 （来源：BBC Learning English）Friendships change over time. Some old friends fall out of touch as we move to new places or take different paths in life, and this is completely normal. Experts say we do not need to feel guilty when some friendships fade away. Still, we all need a small circle of close friends, people we can turn to in hard times. These lifelong friendships require care and communication. We need to share our true feelings and support each other. Modern technology helps us stay connected with friends far away. But distance is not the biggest challenge. The real test of friendship is whether we are willing to invest time and honesty. True friendship does not depend on how often we chat online. It is about trust and understanding, which never changes no matter how the world develops. 【全文翻译】 友谊会随时间变化。当我们搬家或走上不同人生道路时，一些老朋友渐渐失去联系，这十分正常。专家表示，当某些友谊慢慢变淡时，我们不必感到愧疚。尽管如此，我们都需要一个小的密友圈，困难时可以依靠的人。这些长久的友谊需要用心经营与沟通。我们需要分享真实感受，互相扶持。现代科技帮助我们和远方的朋友保持联系。但距离并非最大考验。友谊真正的考验，在于我们是否愿意投入时间，保持真诚。真正的友谊并不取决于线上聊天的频率。友谊的本质是信任与理解，无论世界如何变化，这份内核永远不变。 【核心词汇】 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. friendship n. 友谊 2. fade v. 逐渐消失；变淡 3. expert n. 专家 4. guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的 5. circle n. 圈子；圆圈 6. invest v. 投入（时间、精力）；投资 7. honesty n. 真诚；诚实 8. trust n. & v. 信任 9. understanding n. 理解；谅解 10. communication n. 交流；沟通 11. support v. & n. 支持 12. path n. 道路；人生轨迹 13. challenge n. 挑战 14. distance n. 距离 15. connect v. 联系；连接 16. lifelong adj. 终身的 17. require v. 需要；要求 18. normal adj. 正常的 19. technology n. 科技；技术 20. test n. 考验；测试 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【长难句分析】 1.Some old friends fall out of touch as we move to new places or take different paths in life, and this is completely normal. 句意：当我们搬到新地方或者走上不同的人生道路时，一些老朋友会渐渐失去联系，而这是完全正常的。 分析：本句是由 and 连接的并列复合句；前一分句中 as 引导时间状语从句，or 连接两个并列谓语 move 和 take。 2. True friendship does not depend on how often we chat online. It is about trust and understanding, which never changes no matter how the world develops. 句意：真正的友谊并不取决于我们线上聊天的频率。它关乎信任与理解，无论世界如何变化，这份信任与理解永远不变。 分析：第二句为主系表结构；which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 trust and understanding；从句中 no matter how 引导让步状语从句。 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them. Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information, but they also present some dangers. By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. To use a theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world. As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine, and so we become more restricted in this fantasy. So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonorable if he had had to do it in person? Doubtful. It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life”. 1．What can we know about new communication tools? A．Replacing traditional letters. B．Helping us to hide our faults. C．Posing more dangers than good. D．Destroying our life totally. 2．What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools? A．Leading to false mental perception. B．Making us rely more on high-tech media. C．Sheltering us from virtual life. D．Removing face-to-face interaction. 3．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．The digital self need not take responsibility. B．Love can be better conveyed by text message. C．The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits. D．Technologies have changed our relationships. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Future of Social Media B．Interpersonal Skills on the Net C．Cost of Falling into Digital Life D．Addiction to the Virtual World 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】文章主要论述新型通讯工具给现实人际关系带来的隐性负面影响。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. To use a theatrical metaphor (隐喻) , these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world. (通过消除任何真正的人际互动，这些工具使我们能够滋生出反常的自恋，而无需面对反对或批评的风险。用戏剧的隐喻来说，这些新形式的沟通提供了一个舞台，在这个舞台上，我们每个人都可以创造自己的角色，隐藏在推文、状态更新和短信这“第四堵墙”之后。当我们与现实生活的残酷——在那里我们是不完美的、无力的、渺小的——保持一个安全距离时，这种不真实的超然状态会变得令人上瘾。本质上，我们不仅被提供了更自由的手段，还被赋予了重塑自我的机会，可以向世界创造和投射一个更完美的自我)”可知，新型通讯工具能帮我们隐藏自身的缺点。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. (当我们与现实生活的残酷——在那里我们是不完美的、无力的、渺小的——保持一个安全距离时，这种不真实的超然状态会变得令人上瘾)”及“As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine, and so we become more restricted in this fantasy. (随着我们越来越依赖这些工具，它们也日益成为我们日常生活的一部分，因此我们在这幻想中也就越发受到束缚)”可知，这类新型通讯工具的潜在威胁是会让人产生错误的心理认知。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. (于是，我们就生活在一个冰冷的时代：名字与面孔代表着两种截然不同的亲近程度，工作往来只能借助电子邮件实现，爱情可以通过短信开启，也可以经由短信终结。这样一种环境，把人际交往简化成纯粹的数字交互)”可知，科技已经彻底改变了我们的人际关系模式。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them. (如今，我们使用这些工具已到了不可或缺的地步，却很少去思考它们对我们产生了怎样更为根本的影响)”可知，全文围绕新型通讯工具带来的便利背后，隐藏的对个人表达、人际关系的隐性伤害展开论述，核心是探讨沉迷数字生活需要付出的代价，C选项“陷入数字生活的代价”最贴合全文主旨，适合作为文章的标题。 Passage 2 A few years ago, our administrative team sent home what we thought was a clear English message regarding a schedule change about an upcoming assessment. The next week, a visibly frustrated mother stopped me in the hallway. She said, in Spanish, that she hadn’t known anything about the schedule change. Her child was embarrassed and anxious, because they felt unprepared for the assessment. From the school’s point of view, we had “communicated.” From the family’s point of view, we hadn’t. About 40 percent of the students at our middle school are Hispanic, and many speak Spanish or another language at home. Each year, we welcome dozens of newcomers, including students with interrupted formal education. The math is simple: Communication needs far outpace available bilingual teachers. Our first move was to stop rewriting the same messages from scratch. We created a shared cloud folder with message banks for our most common situations. Each pattern follows a simple, translation-friendly structure. We drafted everything in plain English first, avoiding idioms and long sentences. Then, with help from our bilingual staff, we created Spanish versions of the most-used patterns. We also realized that not every message needs to be a long email. Listening to a 60-to-90-second message — even with imperfect translation — is often easier for busy families. These messages are scripted from our banks, so they stay concise. Families have told us that hearing a familiar voice, even if they rely on the captions (字幕), helps them feel more connected and less intimidated. Memories might fail us when we try to track the families we’ve contacted. So we’ve created a shared contact log. It is now a complement to our student information system — it gives us a quick, human-centered view of communication patterns. When communication becomes more consistent and accessible, families feel like true partners. And when families can actually hear us — and we can truly hear them — everything else we’re trying to improve at school becomes a little bit easier. 1．Why did the mother feel upset? A．Because her son struggled to fit in. B．Because the message didn’t get across. C．Because her son failed the assessment. D．Because she forgot the schedule change. 2．What can we infer from paragraph 3? A．Bilingual teachers are in short supply. B．Communication class is not available. C．Students must learn a second language. D．Math in middle school is easy to learn. 3．Which of the following could be an appropriate school message? A．“Pass the test with flying colors.” B．“Test time is changed to this Friday.” C．“Hit the books for the upcoming test.” D．“Not until Friday will the test begin.” 4．Which of the following best describes the school’s practice? A．Complex. B．Inclusive. C．Ambitious. D．Conventional. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了学校因英文通知未能有效传达给西班牙语家庭，转而建立翻译友好信息库、语音留言和共享联系日志等包容性沟通实践，促进家校合作。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“She said, in Spanish, that she hadn’t known anything about the schedule change. Her child was embarrassed and anxious, because they felt unprepared for the assessment. From the school’s point of view, we had “communicated.” From the family’s point of view, we hadn’t. (她用西班牙语说，她对日程变更一无所知。她的孩子感到尴尬和焦虑，因为他们对评估准备不足。从学校的角度来看，我们已经“沟通”了。从家庭的角度来说，我们没有)”可知，这位母亲感到沮丧是因为关于日程变更的信息没有成功传达给她。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“About 40 percent of the students at our middle school are Hispanic, and many speak Spanish or another language at home. Each year, we welcome dozens of newcomers, including students with interrupted formal education. The math is simple: Communication needs far outpace available bilingual teachers. (我们中学大约40%的学生是西班牙裔，许多人在家里说西班牙语或其他语言。每年，我们都会迎来几十名新学生，包括那些正规教育中断的学生。算术很简单：沟通需求远远超过了可用的双语教师)”可推知，双语教师供不应求。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“We drafted everything in plain English first, avoiding idioms and long sentences. (我们首先用简单的英语起草所有内容，避免习语和长句)”可知，学校的信息应避免习语和长句，使用简单易懂的英语。选项中“Test time is changed to this Friday.(测试时间改为本周五)”表达直接、无习语、无复杂句式，符合学校的沟通原则。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段“We created a shared cloud folder with message banks for our most common situations.(我们创建了一个共享云文件夹，为最常见的情况提供信息库)”、第五段“Listening to a 60-to-90-second message — even with imperfect translation — is often easier for busy families. (对于忙碌的家庭来说，听一段60到90秒的信息——即使翻译不完美——通常也更容易接受)”以及第六段“It is now a complement to our student information system — it gives us a quick, human-centered view of communication patterns. (它现在是我们学生信息系统的补充——它为我们提供了一个快速的、以人为中心的沟通模式视图)”可知，学校的这些做法考虑到了不同语言背景家庭的需求，体现了包容性的特点。 Passage 3 For a long time, one of the quiet rewards of work was friendship. People did not simply complete tasks together; they shared lunch, exchanged jokes, and helped one another through stressful days. In many offices, these small moments made hard work feel lighter. Today, however, the meaning of co-worker relationships is changing. Recent discussions suggest that work friendship remains valuable, but it is harder to build than before. One reason is the rise of remote and hybrid work. When employees spend less time in the same place, casual conversation becomes rarer. Meetings may be more efficient, but efficiency leaves less room for the unplanned moments in which trust begins. As Gallup researcher Ben Wigert says, “It’s about unplanned interaction.” When such moments disappear, many workers know their colleagues professionally without really knowing them as people. At the same time, strong co-worker relationships still matter. Experts note that friendship at work can improve cooperation, reduce stress, and increase a sense of belonging. A supportive colleague may make it easier to ask questions, share ideas, or recover from mistakes. In this sense, good workplace relationships are not merely pleasant; they can also improve the quality of work. However, friendship at work has another side. Friendship depends on honesty, equality, and closeness, while work depends on rules, roles, and performance. Trouble appears when these two systems meet. A colleague may be a competitor and a friend may also become a manager. Someone may need to keep information private, even from a trusted co-worker. Researchers have also found that when employees leave, communication among remaining co-workers can weaken, showing how fragile workplace social ties can be. For this reason, researchers and workplace writers stress clear lines. They advise people to be clear about expectations, separate personal and professional communication when necessary. In a changing office culture, the healthiest co-worker relationships may not be the closest ones, but the ones that balance kindness with clarity. Work friendship, then, is something people must build with care. 1．What is the key to building work friendship according to the text? A．Instant trust. B．Casual conversation. C．Close cooperation. D．Shallow familiarity. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The ways to reduce work pressure. B．The benefits of good work friendship. C．The tricks of sharing ideas in the office. D．The advice on improving relationships. 3．What suggestion does the last paragraph mainly offer? A．Avoiding workplace conflicts. B．Building closest colleague bonds. C．Increasing personal communication. D．Setting clear professional boundaries. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Evolving Work Friendship. B．Changing Office Culture. C．Balancing Co-worker Relationships. D．Improving Workers’ Communication. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】文章主要讲述职场友谊正在发生变化，介绍其利弊并建议兼顾善意与界限。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Meetings may be more efficient, but efficiency leaves less room for the unplanned moments in which trust begins.(会议可能效率更高，但高效率却留给信任得以萌生的即兴时刻更少空间。)”可知，建立职场友谊的关键是即兴的闲聊。 2．主旨大意题。通读第三段，尤其是根据第三段中“Experts note that friendship at work can improve cooperation, reduce stress, and increase a sense of belonging.(专家指出，职场友谊能够改善合作、缓解压力并提升归属感。)”可知，第三段主要介绍良好职场友谊的益处。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They advise people to be clear about expectations, separate personal and professional communication when necessary.(他们建议人们明确预期，必要时区分私人与工作沟通。)”可知，最后一段主要给出设立清晰职业界限的建议。 4．主旨大意题。全文围绕职场友谊的内涵变化、建立难点、双重属性和维系方法展开，核心主题是不断演变的职场友谊。“Evolving Work Friendship(不断演变的职场友谊)”符合题意。 Passage 4 Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes. 1 However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends. Be yourself. 2 If some people don’t accept you, they’re not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot. 3 Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. Also, remember to be as helpful as possible! Believe in yourself. A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don’t keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact with other people. 4 Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you’re from. Remember people’s names. You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. 5 Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have nicknames(昵称).You’d be surprised how often this might come in handy. A．Be friendly to others. B．Making new friends can be hard, too. C．Join after-school activities you like. D．Never change what you are to try and fit in. E．If you see someone you know, smile or say “Hi”. F．People may become happy if you remember their names. G．Don’t sit at the back of the classroom where other people don’t notice you! 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文主要就刚进入新学校如何交到朋友给出几条实用建议：做自己、待人友善、自信、记住他人姓名。 【详解】1．上文“Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes. (从一所新学校开始可能很困难。一切似乎都不同，你甚至不知道去哪里上自己的课)”提到适应新学校的困难，及下文“However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends. (然而，如果你运用这些技巧，你可以很快把一些陌生人变成朋友)”提到运用技巧可以把陌生人变成朋友，B选项“Making new friends can be hard, too. (结交新朋友也可能很难)”承接上文适应新学校的困难，并引出下文结交朋友的话题，承上启下，符合语境。 2．下文“If some people don’t accept you, they’re not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. (如果有些人不接受你，他们就不是你需要的那种朋友。人们经常因为兴趣相似而待在一起)”说明要坚持自我，不必为了迎合他人而改变，D选项“Never change what you are to try and fit in. (永远不要为了试图融入而改变自己)”概括本段主旨，引出下文，符合语境。 3．下文“Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. (记得对你在新学校遇到的人友善)”以及“Also, remember to be as helpful as possible! (另外，记得尽可能提供帮助)”都在强调要对他人友好，A选项“Be friendly to others. (对他人友好)”概括本段内容，适合作为小标题，符合语境。 4．上文“Raise your head and make eye contact with other people. (抬起头，和其他人进行眼神交流)”建议与他人进行眼神交流，及下文“Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you’re from. (介绍你自己。告诉他们你的名字和你来自哪里)”建议主动介绍自己，E选项“If you see someone you know, smile or say “Hi”. (如果你看到认识的人，微笑或说“你好”)”中的“smile”与上文“A smile goes a long way.”呼应，“say “Hi””与下文主动交流一致，承上启下，符合语境。 32．上文“You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. (你喜欢别人用你的名字称呼你，别人也一样)”提到记住名字的重要性，F选项“People may become happy if you remember their names. (如果你记得他们的名字，人们可能会变得开心)”进一步解释记住名字的积极影响，与上文逻辑一致，且引出下文询问昵称的建议，符合语境。 Passage 5 Middle school is a rough period of life for many of us. And it can feel like the end of the world if we’re the 1 of the school’s bullies (校霸). Jennifer knew this 2 all too well. When she was in middle school, her classmates made fun of her social awkwardness and 3 clothes. Then the bullying reached a totally new level in seventh grade when three girls started 4 her almost every day. Jennifer didn’t know what to do to 5 herself. So, she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school and her grades 6 . But a (n) 7 help came to her rescue a few days into eighth grade. One day, Jennifer was in the locker room, and she was by herself because she had waited for everyone else to leave so she could change in private. Just then, she heard a 8 . It was the new girl who had just moved to Jennifer’s class. “I was told that you’ve been threatened by the three girls,” she said. “Is that 9 ?” Jennifer was so scared that she began to 10 . “What are you crying about?” the girl asked sharply. That pushed Jennifer over the edge and told her the whole story. A long silence followed after Jennifer 11 . “Don’t 12 ,” the girl said gently. “I’ll tell them to stop.” When Jennifer looked up, the girl was gone, and the bullies never targeted her again. Since then, Jennifer’s whole 13 of school changed. She was able to 14 her schoolwork and get better grades. The future appeared 15 , again. Best of all, the new girl became her best friend. 1．A．target B．friend C．example D．educator 2．A．risk B．responsibility C．feeling D．benefit 3．A．costly B．unfashionable C．pretty D．warm 4．A．helping B．comforting C．paying D．attacking 5．A．defend B．enjoy C．teach D．accept 6．A．ended B．suffered C．disappeared D．improved 7．A．occasional B．potential C．unexpected D．unappreciated 8．A．song B．story C．fight D．voice 9．A．fun B．true C．fair D．silly 10．A．cry B．dance C．apologize D．shout 11．A．left B．moved C．argued D．finished 12．A．go B．obey C．worry D．complain 13．A．experience B．expectation C．theory D．dream 14．A．refer to B．carry on C．respond to D．concentrate on 15．A．dark B．promising C．distant D．threatening 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jennifer在中学时期遭受校园欺凌的经历——她被同学嘲笑、攻击，成绩也因此下滑。直到八年级的一天，一位新转来的女孩在更衣室主动询问她的情况，并承诺帮助她。自那以后，欺凌停止了，Jennifer的生活发生了转变，新女孩也成为了她最好的朋友。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：中学对我们许多人来说是一段艰难的时期。如果我们成为学校欺凌者的目标，那感觉就像世界末日一样。A. target目标；B. friend朋友；C. example榜样；D. educator教育者。根据后文描述Jennifer被欺凌的经历以及空后“of the school’s bullies”可知，她是欺凌者的“目标”。 2．考查名词。句意：Jennifer非常清楚这种感觉。A. risk风险；B. responsibility责任；C. feeling感觉；D. benefit益处。根据第一段中“it can feel like the end of the world”可知，此处指被欺凌时的那种“感觉”，Jennifer非常清楚。。 3．考查形容词。句意：当她在中学时，同学们嘲笑她的社交尴尬和不时尚的衣服。A. costly昂贵的；B. unfashionable不时髦的；C. pretty漂亮的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文“made fun of her social awkwardness”可知，同学们嘲笑她的衣服，应是不时尚的。 4．考查动词。句意：然后到了七年级，欺凌升级到一个全新的程度，三个女孩开始几乎每天都攻击她。A. helping帮助；B. comforting安慰；C. paying支付；D. attacking攻击。根据前文“bullying reached a totally new level”可知，三个女孩开始“攻击”她。 5．考查动词。句意：Jennifer不知道如何保护自己。A. defend保护/防卫；B. enjoy享受；C. teach教；D. accept接受。根据前文她遭受欺凌，并结合后文“she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school”可知，她不知道如何“保护”自己。 6．考查动词。句意：所以，大多数日子她放学后在公交车上哭泣，她的成绩也下降了。A. ended结束；B. suffered遭受/变差；C. disappeared消失；D. improved提高。根据前文“she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school”和并列连词and可知，她成绩“变差了”。 7．考查形容词。句意：但在八年级开始的几天后，一次意想不到的帮助救了她。A. occasional偶尔的；B. potential潜在的；C. unexpected意想不到的；D. unappreciated不被欣赏的。根据后文一位新转来的女孩主动帮助她，这是她未曾预料到的“意想不到的帮助”。 8．考查名词。句意：就在这时，她听到了一个声音。A. song歌曲；B. story故事；C. fight打斗；D. voice声音。根据后文“‘I was told that you’ve been threatened by the three girls,’ she said.”可知，她听到了说话的“声音”。 9．考查形容词。句意：“我听说你被那三个女孩威胁了。那是真的吗？”A. fun有趣的；B. true真实的；C. fair公平的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据第八段“That pushed Jennifer over the edge and told her the whole story.”可知，新女孩在确认事情是否“真实”。 10．考查动词。句意：Jennifer非常害怕，她开始哭了起来。A. cry哭泣；B. dance跳舞；C. apologize道歉；D. shout喊叫。根据前文“Jennifer was so scared”可知，她害怕得“哭”了起来。 11．考查动词。句意：Jennifer说完后，是长时间的沉默。A. left离开；B. moved移动；C. argued争论；D. finished完成/结束。根据前文“told her the whole story”和“A long silence followed”可知，Jennifer“说完”后是长时间的沉默。 12．考查动词。句意：“别担心，”女孩温柔地说。A. go去；B. obey服从；C. worry担心；D. complain抱怨。根据后文“I‘ll tell them to stop.”可知，女孩在安慰她，让她“别担心”。 13．考查名词。句意：从那以后，Jennifer对整个学校的体验都改变了。A. experience体验/经历；B. expectation期望；C. theory理论；D. dream梦想。根据前文“the bullies never targeted her again”和后文“She was able to ___ on her schoolwork and get better grades.”可知，可知她对学校的整体“体验”改变了。 14．考查动词短语。句意：她能够专注于学业并取得更好的成绩。A. refer to参考/指的是；B. carry on继续；C. respond to回应；D. concentrate on专注于。根据后文“get better grades”可知，她能够“专注于”学业。 15．考查形容词。句意：未来再次显得充满希望。A. dark黑暗的；B. promising有希望的；C. distant遥远的；D. threatening威胁的。根据前文“get better grades”和后文“Best of all, the new girl became her best friend.”可知，她的生活好转，未来是“有希望的”。 Passage 6 True friends are always united in spirit, as praised in Chinese folk tales throughout history. Among such tales, the story of Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya is 1 good case in point. During the Spring and Autumn Period, both Guan and Bao were great statesmen, who were born in Yingshang, in modern-day Anhui Province in East China. In fact, they became familiar 2 each other at a very early age. Bao’s family was 3 (wealth) than Guan’s, which couldn’t stop the two from becoming best friends. 4 (know) for being a loyal friend, Bao could always understand Guan’s difficulties and feelings, and never blamed him for his failures and even shortcomings. Before 5 (enter) politics (政治), they were involved in business together. Later, Guan 6 (serve) as Prince Jiu’s private teacher. Bao, meanwhile, became a private teacher of Prince Xiaobai, 7 later became Duke Huan of Qi, the state’s new ruler. He had planned to promote Bao to the post of chancellor (宰相) . Bao, however, convinced the ruler to promote Guan to the position of chancellor instead of himself. The ruler took Bao’s 8 (suggest) into consideration. Years later, based on the 9 (policy) that were used by Guan, Qi became the most powerful state of that time. True friendship and the mutual (相互的) trust between friends, as represented in the story of Guan and Bao, 10 (regard) in China for thousands of years. 【答案】 1．a 2．with 3．wealthier 4．Known 5．entering 6．served 7．who 8．suggestion 9．policies 10．have been regarded 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了管仲与鲍叔牙的千古友谊故事，讲述二人年少相识、合伙经商、入朝为官，鲍叔牙力荐管仲为相，齐国凭借管仲的政策成为强国，这份真挚的友谊与互信千百年来被中国人推崇。 【详解】1．考查冠词。句意：在这类故事当中，管仲和鲍叔牙的故事就是一个恰当的例子。case是可数名词单数，good以辅音音素开头，此处用不定冠词a泛指“一个”。 2．考查介词。句意：事实上，他们很小的时候就彼此熟悉了。固定搭配be familiar with sb.表示“熟悉某人”。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：鲍叔牙的家境比管仲富裕，但这并没有阻止二人成为最好的朋友。空格后有比较级标志词than，要用形容词比较级，先变为形容词wealthy，再变为比较级wealthier。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：鲍叔牙以忠实的友人著称，总是能够理解管仲的难处与感受，从不因他的失败甚至缺点而责备他。be known for为固定搭配，意为“因……而出名”，此处作状语，省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。首字母大写。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在步入政坛之前，他们一起经商。介词before后面接动词时，要用动名词形式entering。 6．考查时态。句意：后来，管仲担任公子纠的私教。整篇文章讲述春秋时期的历史故事，使用一般过去时，serve使用过去式served。 7．考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，鲍叔牙成为公子小白的私教，公子小白后来成为齐桓公，齐国新一任君主。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词Prince Xiaobai指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who引导从句。 8．考查名词。句意：君主考虑了鲍叔牙的建议。形容词性物主代词Bao’s后面需要接名词，suggest变形为对应的名词形式，此处指这一条建议，用单数suggestion。 9．考查名词复数。句意：多年以后，依托管仲推行的各项政策，齐国成为当时最强大的诸侯国。定语从句谓语were used表明先行词是复数名词，policy变为复数形式policies。 10．考查时态语态。句意：管仲与鲍叔牙故事所代表的真挚友谊以及朋友之间的互信，在中国数千年来一直被推崇。时间状语for thousands of years表示数千年来，是现在完成时的标志词，主语True friendship and the mutual trust和regard是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态；主语是并列的两个名词，为复数，现在完成时被动语态用have been regarded。 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1．Honesty is ____________ ____________ ____________ for everyone. 诚实是每个人重要的品德 2． ________ ________ ________ my home and school is about two kilometers. 我家到学校的距离大约两公里。 3． He didn’t ________ ________ at the party until everyone had left. 他直到大家都走了才出现在聚会上。 4． I ________ ________ whether you could give me some advice on making friends. 我在想你是否能给我一些交朋友的建议。 5． Children ____________ ____________ ____________ curious about new things. 孩子们往往对新事物充满好奇。 6． He went to the big city to ________ ________ ________. 他去大城市发财。 7． We waited for him for an hour, but he never ________ ________. 我们等了他一个小时，但他始终没有出现 8． Many boys like reading stories about ______. 许多男孩喜欢阅读关于历险的故事。 【答案】 1． an important quality 2． The distance between 3． turn up 4． was wondering 5． tend to be 6． make his fortune 7． turned up 8． adventures 二、应用文写作 假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津。在校园生活中，人际关系时刻影响着我们的心情与成长。请你代表学生会以“Establishing Happy and Healthy Interpersonal Relationships”为题写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1. 良好人际关系的重要性； 2. 如何建立健康、快乐的人际关系（如宽容、尊重、诚实等）； 3. 你的倡议。 注意： 1. 词数不少于120; 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； Establishing Happy and Healthy Interpersonal Relationships ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 【参考范文】 Dear fellow students, On behalf of the Student Union, I am writing to call on everyone to actively participate in establishing happy and healthy interpersonal relationships. As we know, good interpersonal relationships play an important role in our emotional well-being and personal growth. Therefore, it is vital for us students to get along well with one another. However, it is common that some students can’t get on well with their classmates because of personality differences. Thus, how can we build healthy and happy relationships with others? From my perspective, we are supposed to treat others with love and respect. In addition, I hold the belief that we ought to be tolerant and try to understand each other. In a word, only by cultivating tolerance, respect and honesty can we build relationships that bring joy and support throughout life. Let’s try our best to build good relationships with our classmates. $Unit 4 Friends Forever 外刊拓展提升（多题型专练） 练·能力培优拔高 培优提升篇 Passage 1 Nowadays, the world is slowly becoming a high-tech society and we are now surrounded by technology. Facebook and Twitter are innovative tools; text messaging is still a somewhat existing phenomenon and even e-mail is only a flashing spot on the screen when compared with our long history of snail mail. Now we adopt these tools to the point of essentialness, and only rarely consider how we are more fundamentally affected by them. Social media, texting and e-mail all make it much easier to communicate, gather and pass information, but they also present some dangers. By removing any real human engagement, they enable us to develop our abnormal self-love without the risk of disapproval or criticism. To use a theatrical metaphor (隐喻), these new forms of communication provide a stage on which we can each create our own characters, hidden behind a fourth wall of tweets, status updates and texts. This unreal state of unconcern can become addictive as we separate ourselves a safe distance from the cruelty of our fleshly lives, where we are imperfect, powerless and insignificant. In essence, we have been provided not only the means to be more free, but also to become new, to create and project a more perfect self to the world. As we become more reliant on these tools, they become more a part of our daily routine, and so we become more restricted in this fantasy. So it is that we live in a cold era, where names and faces represent two different levels of closeness, where working relationships occur only through the magic of email and where love can start or end by text message. An environment such as this reduces interpersonal relationships to mere digital exchanges. Would a celebrity have been so daring to do something dishonorable if he had had to do it in person? Doubtful. It seems he might have been lost in a fantasy world that ultimately convinced himself into believing the digital self could obey different rules and regulations, as if he could continually push the limits of what’s acceptable without facing the consequences of “real life”. 1．What can we know about new communication tools? A．Replacing traditional letters. B．Helping us to hide our faults. C．Posing more dangers than good. D．Destroying our life totally. 2．What is the potential threat caused by the novel communication tools? A．Leading to false mental perception. B．Making us rely more on high-tech media. C．Sheltering us from virtual life. D．Removing face-to-face interaction. 3．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．The digital self need not take responsibility. B．Love can be better conveyed by text message. C．The digital world is a recipe for pushing limits. D．Technologies have changed our relationships. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Future of Social Media B．Interpersonal Skills on the Net C．Cost of Falling into Digital Life D．Addiction to the Virtual World Passage 2 A few years ago, our administrative team sent home what we thought was a clear English message regarding a schedule change about an upcoming assessment. The next week, a visibly frustrated mother stopped me in the hallway. She said, in Spanish, that she hadn’t known anything about the schedule change. Her child was embarrassed and anxious, because they felt unprepared for the assessment. From the school’s point of view, we had “communicated.” From the family’s point of view, we hadn’t. About 40 percent of the students at our middle school are Hispanic, and many speak Spanish or another language at home. Each year, we welcome dozens of newcomers, including students with interrupted formal education. The math is simple: Communication needs far outpace available bilingual teachers. Our first move was to stop rewriting the same messages from scratch. We created a shared cloud folder with message banks for our most common situations. Each pattern follows a simple, translation-friendly structure. We drafted everything in plain English first, avoiding idioms and long sentences. Then, with help from our bilingual staff, we created Spanish versions of the most-used patterns. We also realized that not every message needs to be a long email. Listening to a 60-to-90-second message — even with imperfect translation — is often easier for busy families. These messages are scripted from our banks, so they stay concise. Families have told us that hearing a familiar voice, even if they rely on the captions (字幕), helps them feel more connected and less intimidated. Memories might fail us when we try to track the families we’ve contacted. So we’ve created a shared contact log. It is now a complement to our student information system — it gives us a quick, human-centered view of communication patterns. When communication becomes more consistent and accessible, families feel like true partners. And when families can actually hear us — and we can truly hear them — everything else we’re trying to improve at school becomes a little bit easier. 1．Why did the mother feel upset? A．Because her son struggled to fit in. B．Because the message didn’t get across. C．Because her son failed the assessment. D．Because she forgot the schedule change. 2．What can we infer from paragraph 3? A．Bilingual teachers are in short supply. B．Communication class is not available. C．Students must learn a second language. D．Math in middle school is easy to learn. 3．Which of the following could be an appropriate school message? A．“Pass the test with flying colors.” B．“Test time is changed to this Friday.” C．“Hit the books for the upcoming test.” D．“Not until Friday will the test begin.” 4．Which of the following best describes the school’s practice? A．Complex. B．Inclusive. C．Ambitious. D．Conventional. Passage 3 For a long time, one of the quiet rewards of work was friendship. People did not simply complete tasks together; they shared lunch, exchanged jokes, and helped one another through stressful days. In many offices, these small moments made hard work feel lighter. Today, however, the meaning of co-worker relationships is changing. Recent discussions suggest that work friendship remains valuable, but it is harder to build than before. One reason is the rise of remote and hybrid work. When employees spend less time in the same place, casual conversation becomes rarer. Meetings may be more efficient, but efficiency leaves less room for the unplanned moments in which trust begins. As Gallup researcher Ben Wigert says, “It’s about unplanned interaction.” When such moments disappear, many workers know their colleagues professionally without really knowing them as people. At the same time, strong co-worker relationships still matter. Experts note that friendship at work can improve cooperation, reduce stress, and increase a sense of belonging. A supportive colleague may make it easier to ask questions, share ideas, or recover from mistakes. In this sense, good workplace relationships are not merely pleasant; they can also improve the quality of work. However, friendship at work has another side. Friendship depends on honesty, equality, and closeness, while work depends on rules, roles, and performance. Trouble appears when these two systems meet. A colleague may be a competitor and a friend may also become a manager. Someone may need to keep information private, even from a trusted co-worker. Researchers have also found that when employees leave, communication among remaining co-workers can weaken, showing how fragile workplace social ties can be. For this reason, researchers and workplace writers stress clear lines. They advise people to be clear about expectations, separate personal and professional communication when necessary. In a changing office culture, the healthiest co-worker relationships may not be the closest ones, but the ones that balance kindness with clarity. Work friendship, then, is something people must build with care. 1．What is the key to building work friendship according to the text? A．Instant trust. B．Casual conversation. C．Close cooperation. D．Shallow familiarity. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The ways to reduce work pressure. B．The benefits of good work friendship. C．The tricks of sharing ideas in the office. D．The advice on improving relationships. 3．What suggestion does the last paragraph mainly offer? A．Avoiding workplace conflicts. B．Building closest colleague bonds. C．Increasing personal communication. D．Setting clear professional boundaries. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Evolving Work Friendship. B．Changing Office Culture. C．Balancing Co-worker Relationships. D．Improving Workers’ Communication. Passage 4 Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes. 1 However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends. Be yourself. 2 If some people don’t accept you, they’re not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot. 3 Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. Also, remember to be as helpful as possible! Believe in yourself. A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don’t keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact with other people. 4 Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you’re from. Remember people’s names. You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. 5 Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have nicknames(昵称).You’d be surprised how often this might come in handy. A．Be friendly to others. B．Making new friends can be hard, too. C．Join after-school activities you like. D．Never change what you are to try and fit in. E．If you see someone you know, smile or say “Hi”. F．People may become happy if you remember their names. G．Don’t sit at the back of the classroom where other people don’t notice you! Passage 5 Middle school is a rough period of life for many of us. And it can feel like the end of the world if we’re the 1 of the school’s bullies (校霸). Jennifer knew this 2 all too well. When she was in middle school, her classmates made fun of her social awkwardness and 3 clothes. Then the bullying reached a totally new level in seventh grade when three girls started 4 her almost every day. Jennifer didn’t know what to do to 5 herself. So, she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school and her grades 6 . But a (n) 7 help came to her rescue a few days into eighth grade. One day, Jennifer was in the locker room, and she was by herself because she had waited for everyone else to leave so she could change in private. Just then, she heard a 8 . It was the new girl who had just moved to Jennifer’s class. “I was told that you’ve been threatened by the three girls,” she said. “Is that 9 ?” Jennifer was so scared that she began to 10 . “What are you crying about?” the girl asked sharply. That pushed Jennifer over the edge and told her the whole story. A long silence followed after Jennifer 11 . “Don’t 12 ,” the girl said gently. “I’ll tell them to stop.” When Jennifer looked up, the girl was gone, and the bullies never targeted her again. Since then, Jennifer’s whole 13 of school changed. She was able to 14 her schoolwork and get better grades. The future appeared 15 , again. Best of all, the new girl became her best friend. 1．A．target B．friend C．example D．educator 2．A．risk B．responsibility C．feeling D．benefit 3．A．costly B．unfashionable C．pretty D．warm 4．A．helping B．comforting C．paying D．attacking 5．A．defend B．enjoy C．teach D．accept 6．A．ended B．suffered C．disappeared D．improved 7．A．occasional B．potential C．unexpected D．unappreciated 8．A．song B．story C．fight D．voice 9．A．fun B．true C．fair D．silly 10．A．cry B．dance C．apologize D．shout 11．A．left B．moved C．argued D．finished 12．A．go B．obey C．worry D．complain 13．A．experience B．expectation C．theory D．dream 14．A．refer to B．carry on C．respond to D．concentrate on 15．A．dark B．promising C．distant D．threatening Passage 6 True friends are always united in spirit, as praised in Chinese folk tales throughout history. Among such tales, the story of Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya is 1 good case in point. During the Spring and Autumn Period, both Guan and Bao were great statesmen, who were born in Yingshang, in modern-day Anhui Province in East China. In fact, they became familiar 2 each other at a very early age. Bao’s family was 3 (wealth) than Guan’s, which couldn’t stop the two from becoming best friends. 4 (know) for being a loyal friend, Bao could always understand Guan’s difficulties and feelings, and never blamed him for his failures and even shortcomings. Before 5 (enter) politics (政治), they were involved in business together. Later, Guan 6 (serve) as Prince Jiu’s private teacher. Bao, meanwhile, became a private teacher of Prince Xiaobai, 7 later became Duke Huan of Qi, the state’s new ruler. He had planned to promote Bao to the post of chancellor (宰相) . Bao, however, convinced the ruler to promote Guan to the position of chancellor instead of himself. The ruler took Bao’s 8 (suggest) into consideration. Years later, based on the 9 (policy) that were used by Guan, Qi became the most powerful state of that time. True friendship and the mutual (相互的) trust between friends, as represented in the story of Guan and Bao, 10 (regard) in China for thousands of years. 迁移应用篇 一、根据提示完成句子 1．Honesty is ____________ ____________ ____________ for everyone. 诚实是每个人重要的品德 2． ________ ________ ________ my home and school is about two kilometers. 我家到学校的距离大约两公里。 3． He didn’t ________ ________ at the party until everyone had left. 他直到大家都走了才出现在聚会上。 4． I ________ ________ whether you could give me some advice on making friends. 我在想你是否能给我一些交朋友的建议。 5． Children ____________ ____________ ____________ curious about new things. 孩子们往往对新事物充满好奇。 6． He went to the big city to ________ ________ ________. 他去大城市发财。 7． We waited for him for an hour, but he never ________ ________. 我们等了他一个小时，但他始终没有出现 8． Many boys like reading stories about ______. 许多男孩喜欢阅读关于历险的故事。 二、应用文写作 假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津。在校园生活中，人际关系时刻影响着我们的心情与成长。请你代表学生会以“Establishing Happy and Healthy Interpersonal Relationships”为题写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1. 良好人际关系的重要性； 2. 如何建立健康、快乐的人际关系（如宽容、尊重、诚实等）； 3. 你的倡议。 注意： 1. 词数不少于120; 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； Establishing Happy and Healthy Interpersonal Relationships ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $