精品解析：山东省威海市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题

高二英语 本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How are the children feeling? A. Excited. B. Sleepy. C. Bored. 2. What size pants might the man need now? A. 34. B. 32. C. 31. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 4 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A traffic jam. B. A major accident. C. The interstate highway. 5. Where will the woman probably buy the bread? A. At a bakery. B. At a café. C. At a supermarket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6和第7小题。 6. Who is the woman? A. A doctor. B. A receptionist. C. A teacher. 7. When will the man come back? A. March 2nd at 5 pm. B. March 3rd at 11:30 am. C. March 3rd at 4 pm. 听下面的录音，回答第8和第9小题。 8. What is the problem with the man’s watch? A. Power runs out fast. B. The GPS is broken. C. The charger doesn’t work. 9. What does the man mainly use the watch for while hiking? A. Checking the time. B. Receiving messages. C. Tracking the route. 听下面的录音，回答第10至12小题。 10. What can be learned about the worksheet handed out in class? A. It was wrongly given. B. It had 25 questions on it. C. It had a page missing. 11. What did Rebecca do before talking to Mr. Hung? A. She turned to another teacher for help. B. She took down the questions in her planner. C. She checked homework requirements with a classmate. 12. What will Rebecca do next? A. Rewrite her homework. B. Change her homework schedule. C. Tell her classmates the correct number. 听下面的录音，回答第13至16小题。 13. Where did the man first learn about the program? A. From a school poster. B. From a library brochure. C. From a social media post. 14. Which activity is the man most interested in? A. Creative writing. B. How to start a podcast. C. Book club discussion. 15. Why does the woman suggest registering early? A. To save money. B. To guarantee a place. C. To earn extra points. 16. What will top readers receive at the end of the program? A. Free books and T-shirts. B. Certificates and gift cards. C. A chance to meet local authors. 听下面的录音，回答第17至20小题。 17. How does neuroeducation help teachers? A. By grading homework. B. By creating different tests. C. By improving lesson designs. 18. Why do students prefer microlearning? A. It’s more flexible. B. It’s more accessible. C. It’s more fun. 19. What skill do employers value according to the speaker? A. Critical thinking. B. Problem solving. C. Creativity. 20. What’s the purpose of the talk? A. To advertise online learning platforms. B. To introduce educational developments. C. To compare different types of education. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A INSECTS FALL SILENT Small creatures, huge impacts. Insects are disappearing at an alarming rate. In some places, the number of flying insects has dropped by up to 75% over the last 40 years. This rapid loss threatens ecosystems — and our future. Why Are Insects Disappearing? Pesticides Chemicals kill insects directly. Even at low amounts, they damage bees’ memory and navigation, cutting food-searching success by 50%. Habitat loss Urban growth and intensive farming remove hedgerows and wildflower areas critical for insects. Climate change Rising temperatures shift insect phenology, causing mismatches with flowering plants. Heatwaves reaching 40°C can kill many young soil insects. Light pollution Artificial light at night confuses nocturnal pollinators (夜行的授粉昆虫), leading to up to 60% death rate in affected areas. How Does The Loss Impact Nature? Insect population loss causes chain effects across ecosystems, affecting birds, bats, amphibians, and soil health. Category Impacts & Data Consequences Soil Health & Nutrient Cycling Decomposers (分解者) down by 40%; breakdown of dead plants and animals slows by 30%. Slower nutrient cycling; weaker soil carbon storage. Aquatic Food Web Aquatic insects drop by 50% in waters exposed to pesticide runoff. Less food for fish such as trout and salmon. Higher predators Insectivorous birds decline by 13%; bats lose up to 50% of nightly insect prey. Lower survival and breeding success. Amphibians and lizards drop by up to 30%. Whole Ecosystem Reduced insect populations harm nutrient cycling and soil fertility. Weakened land and freshwater environments. Why Insects Matter? Insects are vital for pollination, sustaining 75% of global crops and supporting $ 600 billion in agricultural production annually. We can make a difference. ♦ Habitat restoration ♦ Pesticide regulation ♦ Citizen science participation 1. What causes insect-plant mismatches according to the text? A. Pesticides. B. Habitat loss. C. Climate change. D. Light pollution. 2. How much do insect populations drop in polluted waters? A. 30%. B. 40%. C. 50%. D. 60%. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To list the threats to insect survival. B. To introduce insect loss and its effects. C. To stress the value of natural balance. D. To call for joint efforts to protect ecosystems. B Growing up, I thought money was a subject that should not be discussed. However, after graduation, starting a full-time job and facing my student loans, I felt so confused and stressed that any concerns I had about discussing money disappeared. I remember having a great conversation with my aunt who opened up to me about her credit card debt in her early 20s, and how she got out of it and eventually became a homeowner. Hearing her story helped me feel better about my situation, and was also a helpful reminder about the importance of establishing good financial habits early. One of the best budgeting tips I’ve ever got was to give each dollar a purpose. Whether it’s for gym shoes or your phone bill, you need a clear plan for all your money. Before this method, I always felt lost each time I got paid. My finances seemed fine (question mark), but I was never really sure, and I would sometimes cross my fingers before using my bank card. But now that my dollars have specific purposes, I look forward to paying bills! Once I got comfortable with my budget, I spent all of my shopping money within a few days of getting paid. Often, the items I purchased were impulse buys. I started keeping a list of products that caught my eye and letting it sit for 24 hours before buying. This turned out to be super helpful — many things I thought I wanted desperately ended up just being a moment in time. Whenever possible, set up automatic payments for things like retirement, savings, bills, and student loans. I’ve found this approach helpful because it allows me to meet financial commitments that are important to me and support my long-term goals. After those payments are made, the leftover funds can be used for fun on non-essential spending. Good financial habits are different for everyone, and they may change over time. But hopefully, these tips can be a good starting point for you to manage your money better. 4. What lesson did the author learn from her aunt’s story? A. There is always a way out of debt. B. Loans are common in early adulthood. C. Avoiding money issues may cause stress. D. Learning money management early matters. 5. How does the tip mentioned in paragraph 3 work? A. By saving a fixed sum monthly. B. By keeping a record of every expense. C. By planning a clear use for each dollar. D. By checking the balance before paying. 6. What does the underlined “impulse buys” probably mean? A. Products you need badly. B. Purchases of good bargains. C. Things you don’t truly want. D. Items on sale for a limited time. 7. Which might be a suitable subtitle for paragraph 5? A. Pay yourself first B. Give every dollar a job C. Keep a list of “wants” D. Check accounts regularly C NASA’s plan to send humans to Mars is steadily moving forward. But, one big challenge remains: how to keep astronauts from going crazy during the six-month flight? The answer: put them to sleep. For decades, scientists have been exploring ways to get astronauts to hibernate (冬眠) on the way to Mars. Although such a long sleep has its problems, the benefits are undeniable. The astronauts would still need food and supplies but far less than if they were awake the whole time. Another benefit comes from radiation shielding (屏蔽). Since the astronauts can all be contained in a small area, there’d be no need to equip the entire spacecraft with radiation shielding. Finally, there are plenty of psychological benefits to letting astronauts sleep through the extremely long trip rather than stay awake and find ways to kill time. It’s very clear that hibernation would benefit the voyage. What’s less clear, however, is how to actually do it. Scientists have a few ideas. One of NASA’s favorite ideas is hypothermic torpor — dropping the astronauts’ body temperatures to consume less energy. For every degree the body temperature drops, its metabolic (新陈代谢) rate drops 5-7%. Researchers hope to get a 10 degree drop which would mean a 50-70% reduction in it. The current record for keeping a human in an induced hypothermic torpor is 14 days. NASA would have to boost that to six to nine months for the trip to Mars. Another idea involves using a number of drugs to bring about the sleeping state. One is known as DADLE, and it’s had great results in the lab. Scientists used it to put ground squirrels into hibernation in summer, for instance, and saw no bad side effects when they woke back up. Obviously, none of these techniques is without risk. Even in a state of light hibernation, there’s a good chance that the astronauts could experience some bone loss and muscle damage. No matter how scientists decide to do it, though, it’s looking more and more like the hibernation method is the way to go. Without it, current technology would only allow four to six people to travel to Mars. However, if they could be squeezed into a small room, there could be as many as 10 to 20 hibernating astronauts. 8. Which can be a benefit of astronaut hibernation? A. Larger food storage. B. Better sleep for the staff. C. More entertainment room. D. Smaller radiation shielding areas. 9. What limits the practical use of hypothermic torpor for Mars travel? A. Short hibernation duration. B. Long-term safety. C. Little control of metabolic rate. D. Limited human testing. 10. What does the underlined “it” refer to? A. Travelling to Mars. B. Putting astronauts into hibernation. C. Preventing physical damage. D. Keeping a state of light hibernation. 11. What’s the main idea of this text? A. Human hibernation is now possible. B. Hibernation could support Mars journey. C. There is still a long way for Mars travel. D. NASA is exploring new space technologies. D People with paralysis (瘫痪) affecting their speech and hands can struggle to communicate, and the loss is considered one of the worst parts of their condition. Existing devices to aid them, like technology that tracks eye movements to spell out words, can be slow and frustrating to use. However, a different type of technology called brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), has been developing quickly. A study published in Nature Neuroscience reports that an experimental BCI helped two people with paralysis type on a virtual keyboard with their minds. The device relies on AI to decode brain activity that corresponds with (对应) attempting different movements. In the study, tiny sensors were placed in each participant’s motor cortex, the region responsible for movement. Then, the brain implant users were instructed to try performing 30 unique finger motions, and a computer translated the brain activity associated with each attempted movement into a distinct keystroke on a virtual keyboard. In the experiment, both participants typed sentences using only their minds. One, paralyzed from the neck down, reached 47 characters per minute with 81% accuracy. The other, who has ALS, typed up to 110 characters (about 22 words) per minute with 95% accuracy — almost as fast as a typical person texting on a phone. The performance differences might partially be from the number of implanted sensors and where they were located in the BCI users’ brains, study co-author Justin Jude explained. The differences could also come from how their distinct conditions affect their brains. Still, the work has limitations. The sample size included only two people, and the device implantation procedure is invasive. But “reading these finger movements is also a big step toward being able to restore complex reach and grasp movements for people with upper extremity paralysis,” Jude says in a statement. “And there’s also room to make this communication tool better — like adding a shorthand (速写) system or personalized keyboard to make typing even faster.” 12. What issue is highlighted in the first paragraph? A. Big challenges of curing paralysis. B. Physical sufferings from paralysis. C. High costs of communication devices. D. Poor performances of existing communication aids. 13. How does the BCI device enable users to type? A. By reading brain signals of imagined moves. B. By following their eye movements. C. By translating typed texts into spoken words. D. By selecting letters on a virtual keyboard. 14. Why does the author mention the two results? A. To point out the small size of the sample. B. To prove more sensors guarantee faster typing. C. To stress performances vary for different reasons. D. To show the communication efficiency of the device. 15. What does the writer think of the BCI technology? A. It’s too risky to be practical. B. Its future application is uncertain. C. It’s ready for immediate use. D. It’s promising but in its early stage. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The world must stop AI from empowering bioterrorists (生物恐怖分子) Artificial intelligence (AI) may soon have superhuman abilities in biology. In recent tests, Mythos, an AI model, could do things that none of the human participants could do. ____16____ These include creating viruses and producing new poisons. It is even possible that an AI could give a people-hating person the power to end humanity. ____17____ A software problem can often be fixed quickly, but the consequences of a dangerous virus could be far more severe. Humanity may have no room to learn from mistakes once such a threat is spread. Making advanced AI systems safe for public use will therefore require major advances in AI research. How much time is there? Today’s public AI models are smart in theory, yet fortunately they still give beginners little practical help in real laboratories. ____18____ Mythos and its peers have not been tested for their practical abilities, but we should not assume they are safe. At present, different approaches are used to reduce risk. Unfortunately, existing safety measures remain imperfect. One option, for example, is to try to make them refuse dangerous requests. Yet in one recent study, 90% of the users were still able to get biological information from models that should have stayed silent. ____19____ Another measure is to remove dangerous data from models’ training process. The trouble is that a sufficiently capable model may work out the removed knowledge from basic principles. Scientific breakthroughs will therefore be needed to create new kinds of safeguards. ____20____ Responsible researchers should be able to use AI to advance the frontiers of science, but under strict security rules. There is no point using AI to improve lives if it also gives terrorists the power to make humans extinct. A. Such dangers are the dark side of AI. B. Relying entirely on such measures would be a mistake. C. Biosecurity risks are thus far worse than cyber-security ones. D. Governments cannot possibly monitor every laboratory activity. E. That means AI may soon give people extremely dangerous powers. F. But experts warn AI may soon be able to guide non-experts through complex lab work. G. Before that, governments must limit access to AI systems that might enable bioterrorism. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tilly was our rabbit, a tiny ball of brown and white fluff. She was many things. When our landlord was around, she was shy away and ____21____ herself. To us, she was sweet and loving, but with a strong sense of personal ____22____ — you could tell when she wanted to be touched and when she did not. She was also a ____23____, chewing on everything from books to sofa legs. But for eight years — through a pandemic (流行病) and other personal ____24____ — she was always there, running about and poking her nose out from under the sofa to say hi. At the news that we would soon have our first baby, our excitement quickly turned into ____25____: how would we manage Tilly and a tiny baby? We parents often laugh at the ____26____ that caring for a pet is remotely similar to ____27____ a child. However, I found that Tilly taught me much about ____28____. How to nurture something that would be ____29____ without you. How to reason with a tiny creature that cannot ____30____ you. How to handle the large amount of stuff it takes to ____31____ something so small. My wife insists that Tilly is actually more ____32____ than either of our babies. Last year, Tilly left us. Every time I think of her, I’m taken back to our old flat where I was ____33____ by her constant presence. And I’m reminded of the ____34____ creature she was, and the parents she ____35____ us to become. 21. A. hid B. introduced C. helped D. enjoyed 22. A. duty B. space C. control D. worth 23. A. risk-taker B. plant-eater C. rule-breaker D. trouble-maker 24. A. losses B. routines C. adventures D. preferences 25. A. debate B. surprise C. concern D. disappointment 26. A. study B. tradition C. decision D. suggestion 27. A. trusting B. raising C. protecting D. teaching 28. A. love B. patience C. parenthood D. childhood 29. A. lost B. helpless C. incomplete D. useless 30. A. understand B. amuse C. recognize D. hear 31. A. look after B. turn to C. look for D. respond to 32. A. fun B. gain C. wisdom D. work 33. A. inspired B. annoyed C. comforted D. distracted 34. A. quiet B. strange C. complex D. pretty 35. A. forced B. allowed C. expected D. required 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What if Socrates and Confucius, two of history’s greatest philosophers, could sit together and have a conversation? In the documentary, Incredible Encounter: When Socrates Met Confucius, ____36____ joint production of China, Greece and the United Kingdom, this seemingly ____37____ (possible) scene has been brought to life using AI technology. ____38____ a 20-member crew working an entire year and interviewing over 30 scholars, the documentary records the journey to bring the two intellectual giants together across time and space, employing AI to generate their dialogue. In the documentary, Socrates and Confucius are shown ____39____ (sit) together on the steps of an ancient Greek building or strolling through an alley between Chinese walls. Their discussions range ____40____ (wide) from their lifelong pursuits to the essence of education. Even after 2,500 years, the documentary reflects how the two giants continue to influence people today, especially the younger generation. In one sequence, a headmaster in Northern Ireland uses Socrates’ ideas ____41____ (help) boys cope with stress. In another, children at a primary school in Nanjing are learning The Analects of Confucius. Explaining the intention behind these sequences, ____42____ (produce) Qiu Yuanyuan says: “We have always believed that ancient wisdom should never be abstract concepts ____43____ (store) on high shelves. Rather, we must let wisdom ____44____ lasts millennia truly enter contemporary life, creating emotional and intellectual connection with today’s audiences.” Till now, the videos ____45____ (release) in seven languages, and the team hopes to develop the series further. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的摄影作品获得了学校“China Through My Lens”主题摄影展一等奖。请你写一封邮件给你的英国笔友Chris分享该消息。内容包括： （1）你的作品内容； （2）你的创作理由。 注意： （1）词数80词左右； （2）不得透露个人相关信息； （3）开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, Guess what? I won first prize in our school’s “China Through My Lens” photo exhibition! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At 23, Lavonte Harvey had been working as a letter carrier for only five months, and singing had always been a part of his life. Recently, he was assigned (分配) a new delivery route in the Austin neighborhood of Chicago. The new route was far from home. Without a car, he had to leave home two and a half hours early each day to take a train and bus to work. Despite the long trip, he never complained. When walking from house to house to deliver mails, he did what he always does — he sang. Music helps him stay focused during the calm hours of his day. One day, Harvey stopped outside the home of Wanda, a 76-year-old woman who had recently lost her husband of 50 years. As he placed the mail by the door, he sang as usual, never noticing the doorbell camera beside him. Later that day, Wanda watched the video with her family. Her granddaughter, Whitney Cumbo, immediately saw the difference it made. The singing mail carrier brought laughter and light to a home weighed down by grief. After that, Wanda started sending Cumbo more videos of the singing mail carrier. Seeing her grandmother laughing and smiling again meant a lot to Cumbo, especially after such a difficult time. Cumbo wanted to thank the singing mail carrier personally. She posted the video of the doorbell camera on social media. “My grandmother lost her husband of 50 years, and the mailman is her daily dose of life,” Cumbo wrote in the post. “You are appreciated.” She then added a heartfelt request, asking Harvey if he would like to continue singing for Wanda. The video went viral on the social media. Within hours, Harvey was identified as the man in the video. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next day, Harvey returned to the neighborhood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Cumbo decided to do something for Harvey in return. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二英语 本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. How are the children feeling? A. Excited. B. Sleepy. C. Bored. 2. What size pants might the man need now? A. 34. B. 32. C. 31. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 4 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A traffic jam. B. A major accident. C. The interstate highway. 5. Where will the woman probably buy the bread? A. At a bakery. B. At a café. C. At a supermarket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6和第7小题。 6. Who is the woman? A. A doctor. B. A receptionist. C. A teacher. 7. When will the man come back? A. March 2nd at 5 pm. B. March 3rd at 11:30 am. C. March 3rd at 4 pm. 听下面的录音，回答第8和第9小题。 8. What is the problem with the man’s watch? A. Power runs out fast. B. The GPS is broken. C. The charger doesn’t work. 9. What does the man mainly use the watch for while hiking? A. Checking the time. B. Receiving messages. C. Tracking the route. 听下面的录音，回答第10至12小题。 10. What can be learned about the worksheet handed out in class? A. It was wrongly given. B. It had 25 questions on it. C. It had a page missing. 11. What did Rebecca do before talking to Mr. Hung? A. She turned to another teacher for help. B. She took down the questions in her planner. C. She checked homework requirements with a classmate. 12. What will Rebecca do next? A. Rewrite her homework. B. Change her homework schedule. C. Tell her classmates the correct number. 听下面的录音，回答第13至16小题。 13. Where did the man first learn about the program? A. From a school poster. B. From a library brochure. C. From a social media post. 14. Which activity is the man most interested in? A. Creative writing. B. How to start a podcast. C. Book club discussion. 15. Why does the woman suggest registering early? A. To save money. B. To guarantee a place. C. To earn extra points. 16. What will top readers receive at the end of the program? A. Free books and T-shirts. B. Certificates and gift cards. C. A chance to meet local authors. 听下面的录音，回答第17至20小题。 17. How does neuroeducation help teachers? A. By grading homework. B. By creating different tests. C. By improving lesson designs. 18. Why do students prefer microlearning? A. It’s more flexible. B. It’s more accessible. C. It’s more fun. 19. What skill do employers value according to the speaker? A. Critical thinking. B. Problem solving. C. Creativity. 20. What’s the purpose of the talk? A. To advertise online learning platforms. B. To introduce educational developments. C. To compare different types of education. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A INSECTS FALL SILENT Small creatures, huge impacts. Insects are disappearing at an alarming rate. In some places, the number of flying insects has dropped by up to 75% over the last 40 years. This rapid loss threatens ecosystems — and our future. Why Are Insects Disappearing? Pesticides Chemicals kill insects directly. Even at low amounts, they damage bees’ memory and navigation, cutting food-searching success by 50%. Habitat loss Urban growth and intensive farming remove hedgerows and wildflower areas critical for insects. Climate change Rising temperatures shift insect phenology, causing mismatches with flowering plants. Heatwaves reaching 40°C can kill many young soil insects. Light pollution Artificial light at night confuses nocturnal pollinators (夜行的授粉昆虫), leading to up to 60% death rate in affected areas. How Does The Loss Impact Nature? Insect population loss causes chain effects across ecosystems, affecting birds, bats, amphibians, and soil health. Category Impacts & Data Consequences Soil Health & Nutrient Cycling Decomposers (分解者) down by 40%; breakdown of dead plants and animals slows by 30%. Slower nutrient cycling; weaker soil carbon storage. Aquatic Food Web Aquatic insects drop by 50% in waters exposed to pesticide runoff. Less food for fish such as trout and salmon. Higher predators Insectivorous birds decline by 13%; bats lose up to 50% of nightly insect prey. Lower survival and breeding success. Amphibians and lizards drop by up to 30%. Whole Ecosystem Reduced insect populations harm nutrient cycling and soil fertility. Weakened land and freshwater environments. Why Insects Matter? Insects are vital for pollination, sustaining 75% of global crops and supporting $ 600 billion in agricultural production annually. We can make a difference. ♦ Habitat restoration ♦ Pesticide regulation ♦ Citizen science participation 1. What causes insect-plant mismatches according to the text? A. Pesticides. B. Habitat loss. C. Climate change. D. Light pollution. 2. How much do insect populations drop in polluted waters? A. 30%. B. 40%. C. 50%. D. 60%. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To list the threats to insect survival. B. To introduce insect loss and its effects. C. To stress the value of natural balance. D. To call for joint efforts to protect ecosystems. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍昆虫快速消失的现象、原因、对自然的影响及保护举措。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Why Are Insects Disappearing?部分Climate change中的“Rising temperatures shift insect phenology, causing mismatches with flowering plants.(不断升高的气温使昆虫的物候发生改变，造成与开花植物之间的错配)”可知，造成昆虫与植物之间错配的原因是气候变化。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How Does The Loss Impact Nature?部分表格中Aquatic Food Web一栏的“Aquatic insects drop by 50% in waters exposed to pesticide runoff.(在接触农药径流的水域中，水生昆虫下降50%)”可知，受污染水域中的昆虫数量下降50%。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Insects are disappearing at an alarming rate. In some places, the number of flying insects has dropped by up to 75% over the last 40 years. This rapid loss threatens ecosystems — and our future.(昆虫正以惊人的速度消失。在一些地方，会飞的昆虫数量在过去40年里下降了高达75%。这种快速的丧失威胁着生态系统——也威胁着我们的未来)”可知，文章先说明昆虫正在快速消失及其危害；接着在“Why Are Insects Disappearing?”部分列举农药、栖息地丧失、气候变化和光污染四个原因；在“How Does The Loss Impact Nature?”部分用表格呈现昆虫数量减少对土壤健康与养分循环、水生食物网、高等捕食者乃至整个生态系统的影响；在“Why Insects Matter?”部分说明昆虫对授粉和农业生产的价值；文末“We can make a difference.”部分列出栖息地恢复、农药监管和公民科学参与等做法，由此可知全文是在介绍昆虫的消失及其带来的影响。 B Growing up, I thought money was a subject that should not be discussed. However, after graduation, starting a full-time job and facing my student loans, I felt so confused and stressed that any concerns I had about discussing money disappeared. I remember having a great conversation with my aunt who opened up to me about her credit card debt in her early 20s, and how she got out of it and eventually became a homeowner. Hearing her story helped me feel better about my situation, and was also a helpful reminder about the importance of establishing good financial habits early. One of the best budgeting tips I’ve ever got was to give each dollar a purpose. Whether it’s for gym shoes or your phone bill, you need a clear plan for all your money. Before this method, I always felt lost each time I got paid. My finances seemed fine (question mark), but I was never really sure, and I would sometimes cross my fingers before using my bank card. But now that my dollars have specific purposes, I look forward to paying bills! Once I got comfortable with my budget, I spent all of my shopping money within a few days of getting paid. Often, the items I purchased were impulse buys. I started keeping a list of products that caught my eye and letting it sit for 24 hours before buying. This turned out to be super helpful — many things I thought I wanted desperately ended up just being a moment in time. Whenever possible, set up automatic payments for things like retirement, savings, bills, and student loans. I’ve found this approach helpful because it allows me to meet financial commitments that are important to me and support my long-term goals. After those payments are made, the leftover funds can be used for fun on non-essential spending. Good financial habits are different for everyone, and they may change over time. But hopefully, these tips can be a good starting point for you to manage your money better. 4. What lesson did the author learn from her aunt’s story? A. There is always a way out of debt. B. Loans are common in early adulthood. C. Avoiding money issues may cause stress. D. Learning money management early matters. 5. How does the tip mentioned in paragraph 3 work? A. By saving a fixed sum monthly. B. By keeping a record of every expense. C. By planning a clear use for each dollar. D. By checking the balance before paying. 6. What does the underlined “impulse buys” probably mean? A. Products you need badly. B. Purchases of good bargains. C. Things you don’t truly want. D. Items on sale for a limited time. 7. Which might be a suitable subtitle for paragraph 5? A. Pay yourself first B. Give every dollar a job C. Keep a list of “wants” D. Check accounts regularly 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍作者从对理财感到困惑到养成良好财务习惯的经历，以及她总结的实用理财建议。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I remember having a great conversation with my aunt who opened up to me about her credit card debt in her early 20s, and how she got out of it and eventually became a homeowner. Hearing her story helped me feel better about my situation, and was also a helpful reminder about the importance of establishing good financial habits early.(我记得我和我的姑姑有过一次很棒的交谈，她对我敞开心扉，谈起她二十出头时的信用卡债务，以及她是怎样摆脱这些债务并最终成为一名有房一族的。听她的故事让我对自己的处境感觉好了一些，同时也是一个有用的提醒，提醒我尽早养成良好的理财习惯的重要性)”可知，作者从姑姑的故事中认识到，尽早学会管理金钱很重要。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One of the best budgeting tips I’ve ever got was to give each dollar a purpose. Whether it’s for gym shoes or your phone bill, you need a clear plan for all your money.(我得到过的最好的预算建议之一，就是给每一美元一个用途。无论是买运动鞋，还是交你的电话费，你都需要为你所有的钱制定一个明确的计划)”可知，第三段提到的建议通过给每一美元规划一个明确的用途来起作用。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Once I got comfortable with my budget, I spent all of my shopping money within a few days of getting paid. Often, the items I purchased were impulse buys. (一旦我对自己的预算感到适应了，我就会在发工资后的几天内花光我所有的购物钱。我买的那些东西常常是impulse buys)”可知，“impulse buys”指的是那些自己并非真正想要的东西。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Whenever possible, set up automatic payments for things like retirement, savings, bills, and student loans. I’ve found this approach helpful because it allows me to meet financial commitments that are important to me and support my long-term goals. After those payments are made, the leftover funds can be used for fun on non-essential spending.(只要有可能，就为退休、储蓄、账单和学生贷款等事项设置自动付款。我发现这种做法很有帮助，因为它让我能够履行对我来说重要的财务承诺，并支持我的长期目标。在这些款项支付之后，剩余资金可用于娱乐类的非必要支出)”可知，本段建议先把钱用于退休、储蓄、账单和学生贷款等重要的财务承诺，剩下的钱再用于娱乐。A项“先把钱付给自己”能概括文章主旨，适合作标题。 C NASA’s plan to send humans to Mars is steadily moving forward. But, one big challenge remains: how to keep astronauts from going crazy during the six-month flight? The answer: put them to sleep. For decades, scientists have been exploring ways to get astronauts to hibernate (冬眠) on the way to Mars. Although such a long sleep has its problems, the benefits are undeniable. The astronauts would still need food and supplies but far less than if they were awake the whole time. Another benefit comes from radiation shielding (屏蔽). Since the astronauts can all be contained in a small area, there’d be no need to equip the entire spacecraft with radiation shielding. Finally, there are plenty of psychological benefits to letting astronauts sleep through the extremely long trip rather than stay awake and find ways to kill time. It’s very clear that hibernation would benefit the voyage. What’s less clear, however, is how to actually do it. Scientists have a few ideas. One of NASA’s favorite ideas is hypothermic torpor — dropping the astronauts’ body temperatures to consume less energy. For every degree the body temperature drops, its metabolic (新陈代谢) rate drops 5-7%. Researchers hope to get a 10 degree drop which would mean a 50-70% reduction in it. The current record for keeping a human in an induced hypothermic torpor is 14 days. NASA would have to boost that to six to nine months for the trip to Mars. Another idea involves using a number of drugs to bring about the sleeping state. One is known as DADLE, and it’s had great results in the lab. Scientists used it to put ground squirrels into hibernation in summer, for instance, and saw no bad side effects when they woke back up. Obviously, none of these techniques is without risk. Even in a state of light hibernation, there’s a good chance that the astronauts could experience some bone loss and muscle damage. No matter how scientists decide to do it, though, it’s looking more and more like the hibernation method is the way to go. Without it, current technology would only allow four to six people to travel to Mars. However, if they could be squeezed into a small room, there could be as many as 10 to 20 hibernating astronauts. 8. Which can be a benefit of astronaut hibernation? A. Larger food storage. B. Better sleep for the staff. C. More entertainment room. D. Smaller radiation shielding areas. 9. What limits the practical use of hypothermic torpor for Mars travel? A. Short hibernation duration. B. Long-term safety. C. Little control of metabolic rate. D. Limited human testing. 10. What does the underlined “it” refer to? A. Travelling to Mars. B. Putting astronauts into hibernation. C. Preventing physical damage. D. Keeping a state of light hibernation. 11. What’s the main idea of this text? A. Human hibernation is now possible. B. Hibernation could support Mars journey. C. There is still a long way for Mars travel. D. NASA is exploring new space technologies. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了NASA在火星旅行中让宇航员冬眠的设想，以及相关技术的研究与挑战。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Another benefit comes from radiation shielding (屏蔽). Since the astronauts can all be contained in a small area, there'd be no need to equip the entire spacecraft with radiation shielding.(另一个好处来自辐射屏蔽。由于宇航员可以全部被安置在一个小区域内，就不需要为整艘飞船配备辐射屏蔽)”可知，宇航员冬眠的一个好处是需要屏蔽辐射的区域更小。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The current record for keeping a human in an induced hypothermic torpor is 14 days. NASA would have to boost that to six to nine months for the trip to Mars.(目前让人类处于诱导性低温休眠状态的纪录是14天。NASA必须将其延长到六到九个月才能用于火星之旅)”可知，限制低温休眠实际应用的是人类休眠能持续的时间太短。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Obviously, none of these techniques is without risk. Even in a state of light hibernation, there’s a good chance that the astronauts could experience some bone loss and muscle damage. No matter how scientists decide to do it, though, it’s looking more and more like the hibernation method is the way to go. (显然，这些技术无一没有风险。即使在轻度休眠状态下，宇航员也很有可能经历骨质流失和肌肉损伤。不过，无论科学家决定如何实施它，休眠方法看起来越来越像是可行之道)”和指代关系可知，画线词“it”指代的是前文讨论的“让宇航员进入冬眠状态”这一做法。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“NASA’s plan to send humans to Mars is steadily moving forward. But, one big challenge remains: how to keep astronauts from going crazy during the six-month flight? The answer: put them to sleep.(NASA将人类送上火星的计划正在稳步推进。但是，一个大挑战仍然存在：如何让宇航员在六个月的飞行中不至于发疯？答案是：让他们睡觉)”以及最后一段中“No matter how scientists decide to do it, though, it’s looking more and more like the hibernation method is the way to go.(不过，无论科学家决定怎么做，冬眠方法看起来越来越像是可行的途径)”可知，文章主要讨论的是冬眠可以支持火星之旅。 D People with paralysis (瘫痪) affecting their speech and hands can struggle to communicate, and the loss is considered one of the worst parts of their condition. Existing devices to aid them, like technology that tracks eye movements to spell out words, can be slow and frustrating to use. However, a different type of technology called brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), has been developing quickly. A study published in Nature Neuroscience reports that an experimental BCI helped two people with paralysis type on a virtual keyboard with their minds. The device relies on AI to decode brain activity that corresponds with (对应) attempting different movements. In the study, tiny sensors were placed in each participant’s motor cortex, the region responsible for movement. Then, the brain implant users were instructed to try performing 30 unique finger motions, and a computer translated the brain activity associated with each attempted movement into a distinct keystroke on a virtual keyboard. In the experiment, both participants typed sentences using only their minds. One, paralyzed from the neck down, reached 47 characters per minute with 81% accuracy. The other, who has ALS, typed up to 110 characters (about 22 words) per minute with 95% accuracy — almost as fast as a typical person texting on a phone. The performance differences might partially be from the number of implanted sensors and where they were located in the BCI users’ brains, study co-author Justin Jude explained. The differences could also come from how their distinct conditions affect their brains. Still, the work has limitations. The sample size included only two people, and the device implantation procedure is invasive. But “reading these finger movements is also a big step toward being able to restore complex reach and grasp movements for people with upper extremity paralysis,” Jude says in a statement. “And there’s also room to make this communication tool better — like adding a shorthand (速写) system or personalized keyboard to make typing even faster.” 12. What issue is highlighted in the first paragraph? A. Big challenges of curing paralysis. B. Physical sufferings from paralysis. C. High costs of communication devices. D. Poor performances of existing communication aids. 13. How does the BCI device enable users to type? A. By reading brain signals of imagined moves. B. By following their eye movements. C. By translating typed texts into spoken words. D. By selecting letters on a virtual keyboard. 14. Why does the author mention the two results? A. To point out the small size of the sample. B. To prove more sensors guarantee faster typing. C. To stress performances vary for different reasons. D. To show the communication efficiency of the device. 15. What does the writer think of the BCI technology? A. It’s too risky to be practical. B. Its future application is uncertain. C. It’s ready for immediate use. D. It’s promising but in its early stage. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍脑机接口BCI，借助AI解码大脑意念动作信号，帮助瘫痪患者意念打字。实验效果良好，但存在样本少、手术有创等局限，该技术前景广阔但仍有待完善。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Existing devices to aid them, like technology that tracks eye movements to spell out words, can be slow and frustrating to use.(现有的辅助设备，例如用于追踪眼球运动以拼写单词的技术，使用起来可能缓慢且令人沮丧)”可知，第一段中强调了现有通信辅助设备性能差。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The device relies on AI to decode brain activity that corresponds with (对应) attempting different movements. In the study, tiny sensors were placed in each participant’s motor cortex, the region responsible for movement. Then, the brain implant users were instructed to try performing 30 unique finger motions, and a computer translated the brain activity associated with each attempted movement into a distinct keystroke on a virtual keyboard.(该设备利用人工智能来解码与尝试不同动作相对应的大脑活动。在研究中，研究人员将微型传感器植入每位参与者的运动皮层，即负责运动的区域。随后，脑植入设备使用者被要求尝试执行30种不同的手指动作，计算机会将每次尝试动作所对应的脑活动转化为虚拟键盘上的特定按键操作)”可知，BCI设备通过读取用户想象动作的大脑信号让用户进行打字。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In the experiment, both participants typed sentences using only their minds. One, paralyzed from the neck down, reached 47 characters per minute with 81% accuracy. The other, who has ALS, typed up to 110 characters (about 22 words) per minute with 95% accuracy — almost as fast as a typical person texting on a phone.(在实验中，两名参与者仅凭意识输入句子。其中一名从颈部以下瘫痪的人，每分钟能输入47个字符，准确率高达81%；另一名患有ALS（肌萎缩侧索硬化症）的人，每分钟可输入多达110个字符（约22个单词），准确率达95%，几乎与普通人用手机发短信的速度相当)”可知，作者列举两个受试者的实验结果，是为了直观展示这款设备的交流效率极高。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Still, the work has limitations. The sample size included only two people, and the device implantation procedure is invasive. But “reading these finger movements is also a big step toward being able to restore complex reach and grasp movements for people with upper extremity paralysis,” Jude says in a statement. “And there’s also room to make this communication tool better — like adding a shorthand (速写) system or personalized keyboard to make typing even faster.”(不过，这项工作仍存在局限。样本仅包含两人，且设备植入过程具有侵入性。但Jude在一份声明中表示：“读取这些手指动作，也是迈向恢复上肢瘫痪患者复杂抓取和伸展动作的重要一步。此外，我们还有空间进一步改进这一通信工具——例如加入速写系统或个性化键盘，使打字速度更快。”)”可知，作者认为脑机接口技术前景广阔，但尚处于早期阶段。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The world must stop AI from empowering bioterrorists (生物恐怖分子) Artificial intelligence (AI) may soon have superhuman abilities in biology. In recent tests, Mythos, an AI model, could do things that none of the human participants could do. ____16____ These include creating viruses and producing new poisons. It is even possible that an AI could give a people-hating person the power to end humanity. ____17____ A software problem can often be fixed quickly, but the consequences of a dangerous virus could be far more severe. Humanity may have no room to learn from mistakes once such a threat is spread. Making advanced AI systems safe for public use will therefore require major advances in AI research. How much time is there? Today’s public AI models are smart in theory, yet fortunately they still give beginners little practical help in real laboratories. ____18____ Mythos and its peers have not been tested for their practical abilities, but we should not assume they are safe. At present, different approaches are used to reduce risk. Unfortunately, existing safety measures remain imperfect. One option, for example, is to try to make them refuse dangerous requests. Yet in one recent study, 90% of the users were still able to get biological information from models that should have stayed silent. ____19____ Another measure is to remove dangerous data from models’ training process. The trouble is that a sufficiently capable model may work out the removed knowledge from basic principles. Scientific breakthroughs will therefore be needed to create new kinds of safeguards. ____20____ Responsible researchers should be able to use AI to advance the frontiers of science, but under strict security rules. There is no point using AI to improve lives if it also gives terrorists the power to make humans extinct. A. Such dangers are the dark side of AI. B. Relying entirely on such measures would be a mistake. C. Biosecurity risks are thus far worse than cyber-security ones. D. Governments cannot possibly monitor every laboratory activity. E. That means AI may soon give people extremely dangerous powers. F. But experts warn AI may soon be able to guide non-experts through complex lab work. G. Before that, governments must limit access to AI systems that might enable bioterrorism. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. G 【解析】 【导语】文章主要论述了AI在生物学领域可能被生物恐怖分子利用的风险，指出现有安全措施的不足，并呼吁在严格安全规则下研发新的保障技术。 【16题详解】 上文“Artificial intelligence (AI) may soon have superhuman abilities in biology. In recent tests, Mythos, an AI model, could do things that none of the human participants could do.(人工智能可能很快在生物学领域拥有超越人类的能力。在最近的测试中，AI模型Mythos能够做到人类参与者都做不到的事情)”指出AI在生物学领域的能力已超越人类，E选项“That means AI may soon give people extremely dangerous powers.(这意味着AI可能很快就会赋予人们极其危险的能力)”承接上文，对上文内容进行总结——AI可能赋予人们极端危险的能力；下文“These include creating viruses and producing new poisons. It is even possible that an AI could give a people-hating person the power to end humanity.(这些包括制造病毒和生产新型毒物。AI甚至可能给一个仇恨人类的人毁灭人类的力量)”具体说明了这些危险能力包括制造病毒和新型毒物，与E选项中的“extremely dangerous powers”直接呼应，上下文语意连贯。 【17题详解】 上文“It is even possible that an AI could give a people-hating person the power to end humanity.(AI甚至可能给一个仇恨人类的人毁灭人类的力量)”指出AI可能带来毁灭人类的危险，C选项“Biosecurity risks are thus far worse than cyber-security ones.(因此，生物安全风险远比网络安全风险严重)”承接上文，将生物安全风险与网络安全风险进行对比并得出结论——生物安全风险远比网络安全风险严重；下文“A software problem can often be fixed quickly, but the consequences of a dangerous virus could be far more severe.(软件问题通常可以很快修复，但危险病毒的后果可能严重得多)”进一步解释了为什么生物安全风险更严重——软件问题可修复，而病毒后果不可逆，与C选项中的“far worse”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。 【18题详解】 上文“Today’s public AI models are smart in theory, yet fortunately they still give beginners little practical help in real laboratories.(今天的公共AI模型在理论上很聪明，但幸运的是，它们在真实实验室中仍然给初学者很少的实际帮助)”指出目前AI在实验室中对初学者的实际帮助有限，F选项“But experts warn AI may soon be able to guide non-experts through complex lab work.(但专家警告说，AI可能很快就会指导非专家完成复杂的实验室工作)”与上文构成转折关系，指出这种局限可能很快被打破——AI将能指导非专家完成复杂实验；下文“Mythos and its peers have not been tested for their practical abilities, but we should not assume they are safe.(Mythos及其同类尚未经过实际能力测试，但我们不应假设它们是安全的)”提醒人们不应因此就认为AI安全，与F选项中的“experts warn”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。 【19题详解】 上文“One option, for example, is to try to make them refuse dangerous requests. Yet in one recent study, 90% of the users were still able to get biological information from models that should have stayed silent.(例如，一种选择是试图让它们拒绝危险请求。然而在最近一项研究中，90%的用户仍然能够从本应保持沉默的模型中获得生物信息)”指出让AI拒绝危险请求这一措施效果不佳，B选项“Relying entirely on such measures would be a mistake.(完全依赖这些措施将是一个错误)”承接上文，总结了现有措施的不可靠性——完全依赖它们是错误的；下文“Another measure is to remove dangerous data from models’ training process.(另一种措施是从模型的训练过程中移除危险数据)”引出另一种安全措施，与B选项共同说明现有安全措施的局限性，上下文语意连贯。 【20题详解】 上文“Scientific breakthroughs will therefore be needed to create new kinds of safeguards.(因此，需要科学突破来创造新型安全保障)”提出需要新的安全保障措施，G选项“Before that, governments must limit access to AI systems that might enable bioterrorism.(在此之前，政府必须限制对可能助长生物恐怖主义的AI系统的访问)”承接上文，在科学突破实现之前，提出了政府应采取的过渡性措施——限制危险AI系统的访问；下文“Responsible researchers should be able to use AI to advance the frontiers of science, but under strict security rules.(负责任的研究人员应该能够使用AI来推进科学前沿，但必须在严格的安全规则下进行)”进一步说明了在限制访问的同时，也应允许负责任的研究人员在安全规则下使用AI，与G选项中的“governments must limit access”形成逻辑关联，上下文逻辑连贯。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tilly was our rabbit, a tiny ball of brown and white fluff. She was many things. When our landlord was around, she was shy away and ____21____ herself. To us, she was sweet and loving, but with a strong sense of personal ____22____ — you could tell when she wanted to be touched and when she did not. She was also a ____23____, chewing on everything from books to sofa legs. But for eight years — through a pandemic (流行病) and other personal ____24____ — she was always there, running about and poking her nose out from under the sofa to say hi. At the news that we would soon have our first baby, our excitement quickly turned into ____25____: how would we manage Tilly and a tiny baby? We parents often laugh at the ____26____ that caring for a pet is remotely similar to ____27____ a child. However, I found that Tilly taught me much about ____28____. How to nurture something that would be ____29____ without you. How to reason with a tiny creature that cannot ____30____ you. How to handle the large amount of stuff it takes to ____31____ something so small. My wife insists that Tilly is actually more ____32____ than either of our babies. Last year, Tilly left us. Every time I think of her, I’m taken back to our old flat where I was ____33____ by her constant presence. And I’m reminded of the ____34____ creature she was, and the parents she ____35____ us to become. 21. A. hid B. introduced C. helped D. enjoyed 22. A. duty B. space C. control D. worth 23. A. risk-taker B. plant-eater C. rule-breaker D. trouble-maker 24. A. losses B. routines C. adventures D. preferences 25. A. debate B. surprise C. concern D. disappointment 26. A. study B. tradition C. decision D. suggestion 27. A. trusting B. raising C. protecting D. teaching 28. A. love B. patience C. parenthood D. childhood 29. A. lost B. helpless C. incomplete D. useless 30. A. understand B. amuse C. recognize D. hear 31. A. look after B. turn to C. look for D. respond to 32. A. fun B. gain C. wisdom D. work 33. A. inspired B. annoyed C. comforted D. distracted 34. A. quiet B. strange C. complex D. pretty 35. A. forced B. allowed C. expected D. required 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述作者一家与兔子Tilly相处八年的故事，Tilly在流行病期间陪伴家人，并教会他们为人父母的道理，它不仅是宠物更是家庭的重要成员。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：当房东在旁边时，它会害羞地躲开并把自己藏起来。A. hid躲藏；B. introduced介绍；C. helped帮助；D. enjoyed享受。根据上文“she was shy away”可知，Tilly感觉害羞，所以会躲藏起来。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：但对我们来说，它既甜蜜又充满爱意，但有很强的个人空间意识——你能分辨出它什么时候想被摸，什么时候不想。A. duty责任；B. space空间；C. control控制；D. worth价值。根据下文“you could tell when she wanted to be touched and when she did not”可知，兔子明确表达何时想被触摸，这体现了它对自我领地的意识，即个人空间意识。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：它也是个捣蛋鬼，什么都咬，从书到沙发腿。A. risk-taker冒险者；B. plant-eater食草动物；C. rule-breaker破坏规则者；D. trouble-maker捣蛋鬼。根据下文“chewing on everything from books to sofa legs”可知，Tilly会乱咬家具书籍，所以此处称它为捣蛋鬼。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：但在八年里——经历了一场流行病和其他的个人变故——它始终在那里，跑来跑去，从沙发底下探出头来打招呼。A. losses损失、变故；B. routines日常；C. adventures冒险；D. preferences偏好。根据上文“through a pandemic (流行病)”以及常识可知，经历大流行病属于人生中的重大变故，与之并列的是人生的各类变故。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：听到我们即将迎来第一个孩子的消息时，我们的兴奋很快变成了担忧：我们该如何照管Tilly和一个小婴儿？A. debate辩论；B. surprise惊喜；C. concern担忧；D. disappointment失望。根据下文“how would we manage Tilly and a tiny baby?”可知，作者在思考如何兼顾两者，这种情绪是担忧。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们做父母的常常嘲笑那种认为养宠物和养育孩子有程度很低的相似之处的说法。A. study研究；B. tradition传统；C. decision决定；D. suggestion说法、观点。根据下文“that caring for a pet is remotely similar to ____ a child.”可知，这是一个常被提出的说法。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. trusting信任；B. raising养育；C. protecting保护；D. teaching教导。根据上文“At the news that we would soon have our first baby,”及“caring for a pet”可知，此处将养宠物与养孩子进行对比。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，我发现Tilly教会了我很多关于为人父母的道理。A. love爱；B. patience耐心；C. parenthood为人父母；D. childhood童年。根据下文“How to nurture something that would be ____ without you. How to reason with a tiny creature that cannot ____ you. How to handle the large amount of stuff it takes to ____ something so small.”可知，核心话题是如何成为父母，此处表示教会作者为人父母的道理。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如何养育一个没有你就会无助的小生命。A. lost迷失的；B. helpless无助的；C. incomplete不完整的；D. useless无用的。根据下文“without you”以及常识可知，宠物离开主人的照顾便无法独立生存，是无助的。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：如何与一个无法理解你的小生物讲道理。A. understand理解；B. amuse逗乐；C. recognize认出；D. hear听到。根据上文“reason with a tiny creature that cannot”以及常识可知，无法与宠物讲道理是因为它不能理解人类的语言和逻辑。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：如何处理照顾这么一个小东西所需的大量物品。A. look after照顾；B. turn to求助于；C. look for寻找；D. respond to回应。根据下文“the large amount of stuff it takes to”以及常识可知，养宠物需要大量物资来照料它，所此处表示照顾它所需要的大量物品。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：我妻子坚持说Tilly实际上比我们两个孩子中的任何一个都更费功夫。A. fun乐趣；B. gain收获；C. wisdom智慧；D. work工作、功夫。根据上文“How to reason with a tiny creature that cannot ____ you. How to handle the large amount of stuff it takes to ____ something so small.”可知，养兔子耗费精力，more work意为“更费功夫”。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：每次想到她，我都会回想起我们的旧公寓，在那里我被它持续的存在所安慰。A. inspired激励；B. annoyed使烦恼；C. comforted安慰；D. distracted使分心。根据下文“by her constant presence”可知，兔子一直陪伴在身边，这种陪伴给人带来心灵上的慰藉。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我回想起她是一只多么复杂的生物，也想起是她使我们成为现在这样的父母。A. quiet安静的；B. strange奇怪的；C. complex复杂的；D. pretty漂亮的。根据第二段“When our landlord was around, she was shy away and ____ herself. To us, she was sweet and loving, but with a strong sense of personal ____— you could tell when she wanted to be touched and when she did not. She was also a ____, chewing on everything from books to sofa legs.”可知，Tilly既害羞又甜蜜、既有边界感又是捣蛋鬼的多面性格，所以此处表示她是一只复杂的生物。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. forced强迫；B. allowed允许、使能够；C. expected期待；D. required要求。根据第三段“However, I found that Tilly taught me much about ____.”以及上文“the parents”可知，照料Tilly的经历使作者夫妇能成长为现在这样的父母的样子。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What if Socrates and Confucius, two of history’s greatest philosophers, could sit together and have a conversation? In the documentary, Incredible Encounter: When Socrates Met Confucius, ____36____ joint production of China, Greece and the United Kingdom, this seemingly ____37____ (possible) scene has been brought to life using AI technology. ____38____ a 20-member crew working an entire year and interviewing over 30 scholars, the documentary records the journey to bring the two intellectual giants together across time and space, employing AI to generate their dialogue. In the documentary, Socrates and Confucius are shown ____39____ (sit) together on the steps of an ancient Greek building or strolling through an alley between Chinese walls. Their discussions range ____40____ (wide) from their lifelong pursuits to the essence of education. Even after 2,500 years, the documentary reflects how the two giants continue to influence people today, especially the younger generation. In one sequence, a headmaster in Northern Ireland uses Socrates’ ideas ____41____ (help) boys cope with stress. In another, children at a primary school in Nanjing are learning The Analects of Confucius. Explaining the intention behind these sequences, ____42____ (produce) Qiu Yuanyuan says: “We have always believed that ancient wisdom should never be abstract concepts ____43____ (store) on high shelves. Rather, we must let wisdom ____44____ lasts millennia truly enter contemporary life, creating emotional and intellectual connection with today’s audiences.” Till now, the videos ____45____ (release) in seven languages, and the team hopes to develop the series further. 【答案】36. a 37. impossible 38. With 39. sitting 40. widely 41. to help 42. producer 43. stored 44. which##that 45. have been released 【解析】 【导语】本文是主要介绍了纪录片《不可思议的相遇：当苏格拉底遇见孔子》由中国、希腊和英国联合制作，借助人工智能技术让苏格拉底与孔子跨越时空同框对话，并让延续千年的古老智慧走进当代生活。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在纪录片《不可思议的相遇：当苏格拉底遇见孔子》中，这部由中国、希腊和英国联合制作的影片，把这个看似不可能的场景借助人工智能技术呈现得鲜活起来。joint production在这里是可数名词单数，此处表示“一部（联合制作的）影片”，为泛指，且joint是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在纪录片《不可思议的相遇：当苏格拉底遇见孔子》中，这部由中国、希腊和英国联合制作的影片，把这个看似不可能的场景借助人工智能技术呈现得鲜活起来。空前的seemingly是副词，修饰其后的形容词；苏格拉底与孔子相隔两千多年，两人坐在一起对话在现实中是不可能发生的，只能借助人工智能技术呈现，所以此处要用possible的反义词impossible，表示“不可能的”。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：带着一支工作了整整一年、采访了30多位学者的20人团队，这部纪录片记录了让这两位思想巨擘跨越时空相聚的过程，并运用人工智能来生成他们的对话。主句的谓语是records，空格所在部分不是句子，而是“with＋宾语（a 20-member crew）＋现在分词（working…, interviewing…）”构成的with复合结构，在句中作伴随状语；该结构位于句首，首字母要大写。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这部纪录片中，苏格拉底和孔子被呈现为一起坐在一座古希腊建筑的台阶上，或是漫步在中国城墙之间的小巷里。show sb doing sth表示“展示某人正在做某事”，改为被动语态后为sb be shown doing sth，此处用sitting与后面的strolling 并列，作主语补足语。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：他们的讨论范围广泛，从他们毕生的追求到教育的本质。此处修饰谓语动词range，表示“讨论的范围广泛”，要用wide的副词形式widely。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个片段中，北爱尔兰的一位校长运用苏格拉底的思想来帮助男孩们应对压力。校长运用苏格拉底的思想的目的是帮助男孩们应对压力，所以用动词不定式作目的状语。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：在解释这些片段背后的用意时，制片人邱媛媛说：“我们一直认为，古老的智慧绝不应是被束之高阁的抽象概念。相反，我们必须让延续千年的智慧真正进入当代生活，与今天的观众建立起情感和思想上的连接。”此处需要一个表示身份的名词 Qiu Yuanyuan的同位语，produce表示“制作”，其表示人的名词形式为 producer，意为“制片人”。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一直认为，古老的智慧绝不应是被束之高阁的抽象概念。concepts与store之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：相反，我们必须让延续千年的智慧真正进入当代生活，与今天的观众建立起情感和思想上的连接。先行词wisdom指物，其后的定语从句lasts millennia缺少主语，所以用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。 【45题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，这些视频已以七种语言发布，团队希望把这套系列继续做下去。时间状语Till now表示“到目前为止”，强调从过去持续到现在，句子要用现在完成时；主语the videos与release之间是被动关系，且主语为复数，所以谓语用have been released。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的摄影作品获得了学校“China Through My Lens”主题摄影展一等奖。请你写一封邮件给你的英国笔友Chris分享该消息。内容包括： （1）你的作品内容； （2）你的创作理由。 注意： （1）词数80词左右； （2）不得透露个人相关信息； （3）开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, Guess what? I won first prize in our school’s “China Through My Lens” photo exhibition! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, Guess what? I won first prize in our school’s “China Through My Lens” photo exhibition! My photo captures an old craftsman making paper-cuts beside his wooden desk. Sunlight streams through the window, lighting up his skilled hands and the delicate red patterns. I took this picture because I hope to show the beauty of traditional Chinese folk art. Many old crafts are fading nowadays, and I want more people to notice and value them. Photography lets me freeze these warm moments and tell China’s small but touching stories. I’m so delighted that my work got recognized. I can’t wait to share more photos with you later. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给你的英国笔友Chris分享自己的作品获得摄影展一等奖的消息，说明你的作品内容以及创作理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 点亮：light up → brighten 消失：fade →vanish 感人的：touching → affecting 高兴的：delighted → overjoyed 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Sunlight streams through the window, lighting up his skilled hands and the delicate red patterns. 拓展句：Sunlight that streams through the window lights up his skilled hands and the delicate red patterns. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I took this picture because I hope to show the beauty of traditional Chinese folk art.（运用了because引导原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】Sunlight streams through the window, lighting up his skilled hands and the delicate red patterns.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At 23, Lavonte Harvey had been working as a letter carrier for only five months, and singing had always been a part of his life. Recently, he was assigned (分配) a new delivery route in the Austin neighborhood of Chicago. The new route was far from home. Without a car, he had to leave home two and a half hours early each day to take a train and bus to work. Despite the long trip, he never complained. When walking from house to house to deliver mails, he did what he always does — he sang. Music helps him stay focused during the calm hours of his day. One day, Harvey stopped outside the home of Wanda, a 76-year-old woman who had recently lost her husband of 50 years. As he placed the mail by the door, he sang as usual, never noticing the doorbell camera beside him. Later that day, Wanda watched the video with her family. Her granddaughter, Whitney Cumbo, immediately saw the difference it made. The singing mail carrier brought laughter and light to a home weighed down by grief. After that, Wanda started sending Cumbo more videos of the singing mail carrier. Seeing her grandmother laughing and smiling again meant a lot to Cumbo, especially after such a difficult time. Cumbo wanted to thank the singing mail carrier personally. She posted the video of the doorbell camera on social media. “My grandmother lost her husband of 50 years, and the mailman is her daily dose of life,” Cumbo wrote in the post. “You are appreciated.” She then added a heartfelt request, asking Harvey if he would like to continue singing for Wanda. The video went viral on the social media. Within hours, Harvey was identified as the man in the video. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next day, Harvey returned to the neighborhood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Cumbo decided to do something for Harvey in return. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Paragraph 1: The next day, Harvey returned to the neighborhood. As usual, Harvey came to Wanda’s house with mails in hand. Knowing his video had spread online, he felt a little surprised but warm‑hearted. He knocked gently on the door. When Wanda opened it, he greeted her warmly and began to sing soft songs just as before. Great joy lit up Wanda’s face. She thanked him sincerely for bringing her comfort amid sorrow. Harvey told her he would keep singing for her whenever he delivered her mail, which brought big smiles to the old lady. Paragraph 2: Cumbo decided to do something for Harvey in return. Learning Harvey travelled a long way without a car to work every day, Cumbo wanted to ease his burden. She launched a small online activity to raise money for him. Many people touched by his kindness donated generously. Soon enough, they gathered enough money for a used car. When presented with the gift, Harvey was moved to tears. He said he never expected his casual singing could bring so much warmth and kindness to others. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了邮递员哈维每天唱歌送信，无意间通过门铃摄像头被丧偶的旺达及其孙女看到并走红网络，孙女得知他通勤艰辛后众筹购车作为回报的暖心故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写哈维得知视频走红后的反应，以及他来到旺达家门口继续唱歌给她带来慰藉的温馨场景。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写坎博了解到哈维每天长途通勤的艰辛后，发起募捐活动为他购买了一辆二手车，哈维深受感动。 2. 续写线索：视频走红——哈维被认出——登门献唱——旺达感激——得知通勤艰辛——众筹购车——哈维感动 3. 词汇激活 行为类： ①缓解：ease / relieve ②筹集资金：raise money / collect funds 情绪类： ①惊讶的：surprised / astonished ②真诚地：sincerely / wholeheartedly / with all one’s heart 【点睛】【高分句型1】When Wanda opened it, he greeted her warmly and began to sing soft songs just as before. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Harvey told her he would keep singing for her whenever he delivered her mail, which brought big smiles to the old lady. (运用了省略that的宾语从句，whenever引导的状语从句，which引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $