内容正文:
沪教版(五四学制)· 八年级上册 Unit 4 词汇趣味讲义
Then and now · 50 个词条轻松拿下
(本讲义依据沪教版(五四学制)八年级上册 Unit 4 Then and now 词汇表编写,收录全部 50 个词条;any more、belong to sb、living conditions、result in 等短语原样保留。音标、词性与释义以课本为准。)
使用说明 · 30 分钟学习路线
★ 目标:学完本讲义,你能认读、拼写 Unit 4 的 50 个词条,用今昔对比写一段话。
★ 路线:① 读一读热身故事,猜猜加粗单词的意思 → ② 对照“单词大本营”逐个记 → ③ 跟着“读音密码”读准 → ④ 背下“搭配加油站” → ⑤ 完成“趣味闯关”并对照答案。
Part 1 · 热身故事:《Then and now》
Then and now
Grandpa has a sweet memory. He seldom talks about the old journey. Nowadays a big truck runs on a wide, modern road, but in his day the roads were narrow. He still remembers his long stay in a small town.
Old tapes are kept inside a box; people don't use them any more. You can borrow one and imagine a roll of old record. The business of music, except old shops, seems to belong to the past—this old disc used to belong to sb long ago.
Over a century, the worst days of old industry made slow progress. Ordinary life changed dramatically in one decade; people rarely travelled then. The development helped the city develop, and living conditions became a major reason for the growth of the countryside.
Although life was hard, the unpleasant old bath was extremely cold and smelly. A wealthy man gave money for education. Foreign workers in the coal mine faced dust that could result in severe illness. To punish them, the punishment was unfair; fires burn, the heater smoked, and housewives did endless housework.
(故事里的加粗词条共 50 个,正好是本单元的全部词汇——今昔对比!)
Part 2 · 单词大本营(50 个词条全收录)
★ 记单词有方法:拆词、谐音、联想、对比、成对记,找到适合你的那一招!
序号
单词
音标
词性
释义
趣味记忆法
1
memory
/ˈmeməri/
n.
记忆
memory 记忆;in memory of。
2
seldom
/ˈseldəm/
adv.
不常;很少
seldom 不常;很少。
3
journey
/ˈdʒɜːni/
n.
旅行
journey 旅行;a long journey。
4
nowadays
/ˈnaʊədeɪz/
adv.
现今;现在
nowadays 现今;现在。
5
truck
/trʌk/
n.
卡车;货运汽车
truck 卡车;货运汽车。
6
wide
/waɪd/
adj.
宽的;宽阔的
wide 宽的;宽阔的。
7
modern
/ˈmɒdn/
adj.
现代的;近代的
modern 现代的;近代的。
8
stay
/steɪ/
n.
停留;逗留
stay 停留;逗留。
9
tape
/teɪp/
n.
磁带;录像带
tape 磁带;录像带。
10
inside
/ˌɪnˈsaɪd/
prep.
在……内;在……里
inside 在……内。
11
any more
再也(不),(不)再
短语 any more 再也(不)。
12
borrow
/ˈbɒrəʊ/
v.
借;借用
borrow 借;借用。
13
imagine
/ɪˈmædʒɪn/
v.
想象;设想
imagine 想象;设想。
14
roll
/rəʊl/
n.
卷;卷轴
roll 卷;卷轴。
15
record
/ˈrekɔːd/
n.
唱片
record 唱片;记录。
16
business
/ˈbɪznəs/
n.
公司;商业
business 公司;商业。
17
except
/ɪkˈsept/
prep.
除……之外
except 除……之外。
18
belong
/bɪˈlɒŋ/
v.
应在(某处)
belong 应在某处;belong to。
19
belong to sb
属于某人;归某人所有
短语 belong to sb 属于某人。
20
century
/ˈsentʃəri/
n.
世纪;百年
century 世纪;百年。
21
worst
/wɜːst/
adj.
最差的;最坏的
worst 最差的;bad 的最高级。
22
industry
/ˈɪndəstri/
n.
工业
industry 工业。
23
progress
/ˈprəʊɡres/
n.
进步;进展
progress 进步;进展。
24
ordinary
/ˈɔːdnri/
adj.
普通的;平凡的
ordinary 普通的;平凡的。
25
dramatically
/drəˈmætɪkli/
adv.
巨大地;令人吃惊地
dramatic 巨大的 + ally = dramatically 巨大地。
26
rarely
/ˈreəli/
adv.
罕有;很少
rare 稀少的 + ly = rarely 罕有。
27
decade
/ˈdekeɪd/
n.
十年
decade 十年。
28
development
/dɪˈveləpmənt/
n.
发展;成长
develop 发展 → development 发展。
29
develop
/dɪˈveləp/
v.
(使)成长,发展
develop (使)成长,发展。
30
condition
/kənˈdɪʃn/
n.
状况;状态
condition 状况;状态。
31
living conditions
生活条件
短语 living conditions 生活条件。
32
major
/ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/
adj.
主要的;重要的
major 主要的;重要的。
33
growth
/ɡrəʊθ/
n.
增长
grow 生长 → growth 增长。
34
countryside
/ˈkʌntrisaɪd/
n.
乡村;农村
country 乡村 + side = countryside 乡村。
35
although
/ɔːlˈðəʊ/
conj.
虽然;尽管
although 虽然;尽管。
36
unpleasant
/ʌnˈpleznt/
adj.
令人不快的;不舒服的
unpleasant 令人不快的。
37
bath
/bɑːθ/
n.
浴缸;洗澡
bath 浴缸;洗澡。
38
extremely
/ɪkˈstriːmli/
adv.
极其;非常
extreme 极其 + ly = extremely 极其。
39
smelly
/ˈsmeli/
adj.
有臭味的
smell 气味 + y = smelly 有臭味的。
40
wealthy
/ˈwelθi/
adj.
富有的;富裕的
wealth 财富 + y = wealthy 富有的。
41
education
/ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/
n.
教育
education 教育。
42
foreign
/ˈfɒrən/
adj.
外国的
foreign 外国的。
43
mine
/maɪn/
n.
矿井;矿
mine 矿井;矿。
44
result in
造成;导致
短语 result in 造成;导致。
45
severe
/sɪˈvɪə(r)/
adj.
极为恶劣的;十分严重的
severe 极为恶劣的;严重的。
46
punish
/ˈpʌnɪʃ/
v.
处罚;惩罚
punish 处罚;惩罚。
47
punishment
/ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/
n.
惩罚;处罚
punish + ment = punishment 惩罚。
48
burn
/bɜːn/
v.
燃烧;烧
burn 燃烧;烧。
49
heater
/ˈhiːtə(r)/
n.
加热器;热水器
heat 热 + er = heater 加热器。
50
housework
/ˈhaʊswɜːk/
n.
家务劳动;家务事
house 房 + work 活 = housework 家务。
Part 3 · 读音密码(4 条语音规律)
① 今昔对比:nowadays、modern、development、progress、growth、ordinary。
② 生活词群:living conditions、bath、housework、heater、smelly。
③ 工业与问题:industry、mine、severe、punish、punishment、burn。
④ 词族联动:develop→development;wealth→wealthy;dramatically 巨大地。
Part 4 · 搭配加油站(8 组高频搭配)
搭配
意思
例句(本单元情境)
seldom do sth
很少做……
Grandpa seldom talks about the old journey.
not... any more
不再……
People don't use tapes any more.
belong to sb
属于某人
The old disc used to belong to him.
make progress
取得进步
The worst days made slow progress.
living conditions
生活条件
Living conditions became better.
result in
导致
Dust can result in severe illness.
punish sb for sth
因……惩罚某人
The punishment was unfair.
housework
家务
Housewives did endless housework.
Part 5 · 趣味闯关(6 关通关秘籍)
关卡一 · 单词消消乐(选词填空)
【memory】 【truck】 【journey】 【housework】 【borrow】 【modern】 【tape】 【progress】 【century】 【education】
1. He seldom talks about the old ___.
2. ___ buildings line the street.
3. The man gave money for ___.
4. Old ___s are kept in a box.
5. Over a ___, life changed a lot.
6. You can ___ a book from the library.
7. The old industry made slow ___.
8. Housewives did endless ___.
9. Grandpa has a sweet ___.
10. A big ___ runs on the wide road.
关卡二 · 火眼金睛(单项选择)
1. The old bath was extremely cold and ___.
A. private B. digital C. clear D. smelly
2. Dust in the mine could ___ severe illness.
A. result in B. take away C. belong to D. set off
3. Housewives did endless ___ without a heater.
A. homework B. network C. framework D. housework
4. The old disc used to ___ to my grandpa.
A. burn B. flow C. belong D. pour
5. ___ people don't use old tapes any more.
A. Hardly B. Nowadays C. Rarely D. Almost
6. Over a century, life changed ___.
A. quick B. dramatically C. lovely D. easy
关卡三 · 单词找房间(词性分类)
把下列 12 个单词按词性送进正确的“房间”(填序号即可)。
1. borrow 2. journey 3. development 4. dramatically 5. century 6. wide 7. foreign 8. seldom 9. modern 10. ordinary 11. progress 12. memory
房间
住进来的单词(填序号)
名词房
____________________________
动词房
____________________________
形容词房
____________________________
副词房
____________________________
关卡四 · 最佳搭档(搭配连线)
把左边的词(组)与右边正确的意思连起来。
左(搭配)
右(意思)
1. record
a. 矿井
2. truck
b. 磁带
3. century
c. 乡村
4. countryside
d. 世纪
5. heater
e. 唱片
6. mine
f. 浴缸
7. tape
g. 加热器
8. bath
h. 卡车
关卡五 · 我是翻译官(中译英)
1. 爷爷很少提起当年那次漫长的旅行,但他至今仍有甜蜜的记忆。
2. 现在大卡车在宽阔的现代公路上奔驰,而过去的道路却很窄。
3. 旧磁带不再被使用了,你可以从他那里借一盘,想象过去的时光。
4. 在一个世纪里,普通人家的生活条件发生了巨大的变化。
5. 矿井里的灰尘会导致严重的疾病,惩罚也很不公平。
6. 虽然日子很苦,但那正是我们今天发展和进步的起点。
关卡六 · 谜语大挑战(脑筋急转弯)
1. I carry goods on the wide road. What am I?
2. I play old songs, and people don't use me any more. What am I?
3. I keep you warm in cold winter. What am I?
Part 6 · 参考答案
关卡一 · 单词消消乐
1. journey 2. modern 3. education 4. tape 5. century 6. borrow 7. progress 8. housework 9. memory 10. truck
关卡二 · 火眼金睛
1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B
关卡三 · 单词找房间
名词房:2、3、5、11、12; 动词房:1; 形容词房:6、7、9、10; 副词房:4、8。
关卡四 · 最佳搭档
1-e 2-h 3-d 4-c 5-g 6-a 7-b 8-f
关卡五 · 我是翻译官(参考答案)
1. Grandpa seldom talks about the long journey he took in those days, but he still has a sweet memory of it.
2. Nowadays big trucks run on wide modern roads, but the roads in the past were very narrow.
3. Old tapes are not used any more, and you can borrow one from him and imagine life long ago.
4. Over a century, the living conditions of ordinary families changed dramatically.
5. The dust in the mine could result in severe illness, and the punishment was also very unfair.
6. Although life was very hard, it was the starting point of today's development and progress.
关卡六 · 谜语大挑战
1. A truck.
2. A tape.
3. A heater.
Part 7 · 我的词汇打卡清单
每掌握一个词,就在对应的格子里打“√”。全部 50 个√,你就是本单元的单词小达人!
单词
会读
会拼
会用
memory
seldom
journey
nowadays
truck
wide
modern
stay
tape
inside
any more
borrow
imagine
roll
record
business
except
belong
belong to sb
century
worst
industry
progress
ordinary
dramatically
rarely
decade
development
develop
condition
living conditions
major
growth
countryside
although
unpleasant
bath
extremely
smelly
wealthy
education
foreign
mine
result in
severe
punish
punishment
burn
heater
housework
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