山东省威海市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题

高二英语 本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第1小题。 1. How are the children feeling? A. Excited. B. Sleepy. C. Bored. 听下面的录音，回答第2小题。 2. What size pants might the man need now? A. 34. B. 32. C. 31. 听下面的录音，回答第3小题。 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 听下面的录音，回答第4小题。 4 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A traffic jam. B. A major accident. C. The interstate highway. 听下面的录音，回答第5小题。 5. Where will the woman probably buy the bread? A. At a bakery. B. At a café. C. At a supermarket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6和第7小题。 6. Who is the woman? A. A doctor. B. A receptionist. C. A teacher. 7. When will the man come back? A. March 2nd at 5 pm. B. March 3rd at 11:30 am. C. March 3rd at 4 pm. 听下面的录音，回答第8和第9小题。 8. What is the problem with the man’s watch? A. Power runs out fast. B. The GPS is broken. C. The charger doesn’t work. 9. What does the man mainly use the watch for while hiking? A. Checking the time. B. Receiving messages. C. Tracking the route. 听下面的录音，回答第10至12小题。 10. What can be learned about the worksheet handed out in class? A. It was wrongly given. B. It had 25 questions on it. C. It had a page missing. 11. What did Rebecca do before talking to Mr. Hung? A. She turned to another teacher for help. B. She took down the questions in her planner. C. She checked homework requirements with a classmate. 12. What will Rebecca do next? A. Rewrite her homework. B. Change her homework schedule. C. Tell her classmates the correct number. 听下面的录音，回答第13至16小题。 13. Where did the man first learn about the program? A. From a school poster. B. From a library brochure. C. From a social media post. 14. Which activity is the man most interested in? A. Creative writing. B. How to start a podcast. C. Book club discussion. 15. Why does the woman suggest registering early? A. To save money. B. To guarantee a place. C. To earn extra points. 16. What will top readers receive at the end of the program? A. Free books and T-shirts. B. Certificates and gift cards. C. A chance to meet local authors. 听下面的录音，回答第17至20小题。 17. How does neuroeducation help teachers? A. By grading homework. B. By creating different tests. C. By improving lesson designs. 18. Why do students prefer microlearning? A. It’s more flexible. B. It’s more accessible. C. It’s more fun. 19. What skill do employers value according to the speaker? A. Critical thinking. B. Problem solving. C. Creativity. 20. What’s the purpose of the talk? A. To advertise online learning platforms. B. To introduce educational developments. C. To compare different types of education. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A INSECTS FALL SILENT Small creatures, huge impacts. Insects are disappearing at an alarming rate. In some places, the number of flying insects has dropped by up to 75% over the last 40 years. This rapid loss threatens ecosystems — and our future. Why Are Insects Disappearing? Pesticides Chemicals kill insects directly. Even at low amounts, they damage bees’ memory and navigation, cutting food-searching success by 50%. Habitat loss Urban growth and intensive farming remove hedgerows and wildflower areas critical for insects. Climate change Rising temperatures shift insect phenology, causing mismatches with flowering plants. Heatwaves reaching 40°C can kill many young soil insects. Light pollution Artificial light at night confuses nocturnal pollinators (夜行的授粉昆虫), leading to up to 60% death rate in affected areas. How Does The Loss Impact Nature? Insect population loss causes chain effects across ecosystems, affecting birds, bats, amphibians, and soil health. Category Impacts & Data Consequences Soil Health & Nutrient Cycling Decomposers (分解者) down by 40%; breakdown of dead plants and animals slows by 30%. Slower nutrient cycling; weaker soil carbon storage. Aquatic Food Web Aquatic insects drop by 50% in waters exposed to pesticide runoff. Less food for fish such as trout and salmon. Higher predators Insectivorous birds decline by 13%; bats lose up to 50% of nightly insect prey. Lower survival and breeding success. Amphibians and lizards drop by up to 30%. Whole Ecosystem Reduced insect populations harm nutrient cycling and soil fertility. Weakened land and freshwater environments. Why Insects Matter? Insects are vital for pollination, sustaining 75% of global crops and supporting $ 600 billion in agricultural production annually. We can make a difference. ♦ Habitat restoration ♦ Pesticide regulation ♦ Citizen science participation 21. What causes insect-plant mismatches according to the text? A. Pesticides. B. Habitat loss. C. Climate change. D. Light pollution. 22. How much do insect populations drop in polluted waters? A. 30%. B. 40%. C. 50%. D. 60%. 23 What’s the purpose of the text? A To list the threats to insect survival. B. To introduce insect loss and its effects. C. To stress the value of natural balance. D. To call for joint efforts to protect ecosystems. B Growing up, I thought money was a subject that should not be discussed. However, after graduation, starting a full-time job and facing my student loans, I felt so confused and stressed that any concerns I had about discussing money disappeared. I remember having a great conversation with my aunt who opened up to me about her credit card debt in her early 20s, and how she got out of it and eventually became a homeowner. Hearing her story helped me feel better about my situation, and was also a helpful reminder about the importance of establishing good financial habits early. One of the best budgeting tips I’ve ever got was to give each dollar a purpose. Whether it’s for gym shoes or your phone bill, you need a clear plan for all your money. Before this method, I always felt lost each time I got paid. My finances seemed fine (question mark), but I was never really sure, and I would sometimes cross my fingers before using my bank card. But now that my dollars have specific purposes, I look forward to paying bills! Once I got comfortable with my budget, I spent all of my shopping money within a few days of getting paid. Often, the items I purchased were impulse buys. I started keeping a list of products that caught my eye and letting it sit for 24 hours before buying. This turned out to be super helpful — many things I thought I wanted desperately ended up just being a moment in time. Whenever possible, set up automatic payments for things like retirement, savings, bills, and student loans. I’ve found this approach helpful because it allows me to meet financial commitments that are important to me and support my long-term goals. After those payments are made, the leftover funds can be used for fun on non-essential spending. Good financial habits are different for everyone, and they may change over time. But hopefully, these tips can be a good starting point for you to manage your money better. 24. What lesson did the author learn from her aunt’s story? A. There is always a way out of debt. B. Loans are common in early adulthood. C. Avoiding money issues may cause stress. D. Learning money management early matters. 25. How does the tip mentioned in paragraph 3 work? A. By saving a fixed sum monthly. B. By keeping a record of every expense. C. By planning a clear use for each dollar. D. By checking the balance before paying. 26. What does the underlined “impulse buys” probably mean? A. Products you need badly. B. Purchases of good bargains. C. Things you don’t truly want. D. Items on sale for a limited time. 27 Which might be a suitable subtitle for paragraph 5? A. Pay yourself first B. Give every dollar a job C. Keep a list of “wants” D. Check accounts regularly C NASA’s plan to send humans to Mars is steadily moving forward. But, one big challenge remains: how to keep astronauts from going crazy during the six-month flight? The answer: put them to sleep. For decades, scientists have been exploring ways to get astronauts to hibernate (冬眠) on the way to Mars. Although such a long sleep has its problems, the benefits are undeniable. The astronauts would still need food and supplies but far less than if they were awake the whole time. Another benefit comes from radiation shielding (屏蔽). Since the astronauts can all be contained in a small area, there’d be no need to equip the entire spacecraft with radiation shielding. Finally, there are plenty of psychological benefits to letting astronauts sleep through the extremely long trip rather than stay awake and find ways to kill time. It’s very clear that hibernation would benefit the voyage. What’s less clear, however, is how to actually do it. Scientists have a few ideas. One of NASA’s favorite ideas is hypothermic torpor — dropping the astronauts’ body temperatures to consume less energy. For every degree the body temperature drops, its metabolic (新陈代谢) rate drops 5–7%. Researchers hope to get a 10 degree drop which would mean a 50–70% reduction in it. The current record for keeping a human in an induced hypothermic torpor is 14 days. NASA would have to boost that to six to nine months for the trip to Mars. Another idea involves using a number of drugs to bring about the sleeping state. One is known as DADLE, and it’s had great results in the lab. Scientists used it to put ground squirrels into hibernation in summer, for instance, and saw no bad side effects when they woke back up. Obviously, none of these techniques is without risk. Even in a state of light hibernation, there’s a good chance that the astronauts could experience some bone loss and muscle damage. No matter how scientists decide to do it, though, it’s looking more and more like the hibernation method is the way to go. Without it, current technology would only allow four to six people to travel to Mars. However, if they could be squeezed into a small room, there could be as many as 10 to 20 hibernating astronauts. 28 Which can be a benefit of astronaut hibernation? A. Larger food storage. B Better sleep for the staff. C. More entertainment room. D. Smaller radiation shielding areas. 29 What limits the practical use of hypothermic torpor for Mars travel? A. Short hibernation duration. B. Long-term safety. C. Little control of metabolic rate. D. Limited human testing. 30. What does the underlined “it” refer to? A. Travelling to Mars. B. Putting astronauts into hibernation. C. Preventing physical damage. D. Keeping a state of light hibernation. 31. What’s the main idea of this text? A. Human hibernation is now possible. B. Hibernation could support Mars journey. C. There is still a long way for Mars travel. D. NASA is exploring new space technologies. D People with paralysis (瘫痪) affecting their speech and hands can struggle to communicate, and the loss is considered one of the worst parts of their condition. Existing devices to aid them, like technology that tracks eye movements to spell out words, can be slow and frustrating to use. However, a different type of technology called brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), has been developing quickly. A study published in Nature Neuroscience reports that an experimental BCI helped two people with paralysis type on a virtual keyboard with their minds. The device relies on AI to decode brain activity that corresponds with (对应) attempting different movements. In the study, tiny sensors were placed in each participant’s motor cortex, the region responsible for movement. Then, the brain implant users were instructed to try performing 30 unique finger motions, and a computer translated the brain activity associated with each attempted movement into a distinct keystroke on a virtual keyboard. In the experiment, both participants typed sentences using only their minds. One, paralyzed from the neck down, reached 47 characters per minute with 81% accuracy. The other, who has ALS, typed up to 110 characters (about 22 words) per minute with 95% accuracy — almost as fast as a typical person texting on a phone. The performance differences might partially be from the number of implanted sensors and where they were located in the BCI users’ brains, study co-author Justin Jude explained. The differences could also come from how their distinct conditions affect their brains. Still, the work has limitations. The sample size included only two people, and the device implantation procedure is invasive. But “reading these finger movements is also a big step toward being able to restore complex reach and grasp movements for people with upper extremity paralysis,” Jude says in a statement. “And there’s also room to make this communication tool better — like adding a shorthand (速写) system or personalized keyboard to make typing even faster.” 32 What issue is highlighted in the first paragraph? A. Big challenges of curing paralysis. B. Physical sufferings from paralysis. C. High costs of communication devices. D. Poor performances of existing communication aids. 33. How does the BCI device enable users to type? A. By reading brain signals of imagined moves. B. By following their eye movements. C. By translating typed texts into spoken words. D. By selecting letters on a virtual keyboard. 34. Why does the author mention the two results? A. To point out the small size of the sample. B. To prove more sensors guarantee faster typing. C. To stress performances vary for different reasons. D. To show the communication efficiency of the device. 35. What does the writer think of the BCI technology? A. It’s too risky to be practical. B. Its future application is uncertain. C. It’s ready for immediate use. D. It’s promising but in its early stage. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The world must stop AI from empowering bioterrorists (生物恐怖分子) Artificial intelligence (AI) may soon have superhuman abilities in biology. In recent tests, Mythos, an AI model, could do things that none of the human participants could do. 36 These include creating viruses and producing new poisons. It is even possible that an AI could give a people-hating person the power to end humanity. 37 A software problem can often be fixed quickly, but the consequences of a dangerous virus could be far more severe. Humanity may have no room to learn from mistakes once such a threat is spread. Making advanced AI systems safe for public use will therefore require major advances in AI research. How much time is there? Today’s public AI models are smart in theory, yet fortunately they still give beginners little practical help in real laboratories. 38 Mythos and its peers have not been tested for their practical abilities, but we should not assume they are safe. At present, different approaches are used to reduce risk. Unfortunately, existing safety measures remain imperfect. One option, for example, is to try to make them refuse dangerous requests. Yet in one recent study, 90% of the users were still able to get biological information from models that should have stayed silent. 39 Another measure is to remove dangerous data from models’ training process. The trouble is that a sufficiently capable model may work out the removed knowledge from basic principles. Scientific breakthroughs will therefore be needed to create new kinds of safeguards. 40 Responsible researchers should be able to use AI to advance the frontiers of science, but under strict security rules. There is no point using AI to improve lives if it also gives terrorists the power to make humans extinct. A. Such dangers are the dark side of AI. B. Relying entirely on such measures would be a mistake. C. Biosecurity risks are thus far worse than cyber-security ones. D. Governments cannot possibly monitor every laboratory activity. E. That means AI may soon give people extremely dangerous powers. F. But experts warn AI may soon be able to guide non-experts through complex lab work. G. Before that, governments must limit access to AI systems that might enable bioterrorism. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tilly was our rabbit, a tiny ball of brown and white fluff. She was many things. When our landlord was around, she was shy away and 41 herself. To us, she was sweet and loving, but with a strong sense of personal 42 — you could tell when she wanted to be touched and when she did not. She was also a 43 , chewing on everything from books to sofa legs. But for eight years — through a pandemic (流行病) and other personal 44 — she was always there, running about and poking her nose out from under the sofa to say hi. At the news that we would soon have our first baby, our excitement quickly turned into 45 : how would we manage Tilly and a tiny baby? We parents often laugh at the 46 that caring for a pet is remotely similar to 47 a child. However, I found that Tilly taught me much about 48 . How to nurture something that would be 49 without you. How to reason with a tiny creature that cannot 50 you. How to handle the large amount of stuff it takes to 51 something so small. My wife insists that Tilly is actually more  52  than either of our babies. Last year, Tilly left us. Every time I think of her, I’m taken back to our old flat where I was 53 by her constant presence. And I’m reminded of the 54 creature she was, and the parents she 55 us to become. 41. A. hid B. introduced C. helped D. enjoyed 42. A. duty B. space C. control D. worth 43. A. risk-taker B. plant-eater C. rule-breaker D. trouble-maker 44. A. losses B. routines C. adventures D. preferences 45. A. debate B. surprise C. concern D. disappointment 46. A. study B. tradition C. decision D. suggestion 47. A. trusting B. raising C. protecting D. teaching 48. A. love B. patience C. parenthood D. childhood 49. A. lost B. helpless C. incomplete D. useless 50. A. understand B. amuse C. recognize D. hear 51. A. look after B. turn to C. look for D. respond to 52. A. fun B. gain C. wisdom D. work 53. A. inspired B. annoyed C. comforted D. distracted 54. A. quiet B. strange C. complex D. pretty 55. A. forced B. allowed C. expected D. required 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What if Socrates and Confucius, two of history’s greatest philosophers, could sit together and have a conversation? In the documentary, Incredible Encounter: When Socrates Met Confucius, 56 joint production of China, Greece and the United Kingdom, this seemingly 57 (possible) scene has been brought to life using AI technology. 58 a 20-member crew working an entire year and interviewing over 30 scholars, the documentary records the journey to bring the two intellectual giants together across time and space, employing AI to generate their dialogue. In the documentary, Socrates and Confucius are shown 59 (sit) together on the steps of an ancient Greek building or strolling through an alley between Chinese walls. Their discussions range 60 (wide) from their lifelong pursuits to the essence of education. Even after 2,500 years, the documentary reflects how the two giants continue to influence people today, especially the younger generation. In one sequence, a headmaster in Northern Ireland uses Socrates’ ideas  61  (help) boys cope with stress. In another, children at a primary school in Nanjing are learning The Analects of Confucius. Explaining the intention behind these sequences, 62 (produce) Qiu Yuanyuan says: “We have always believed that ancient wisdom should never be abstract concepts 63 (store) on high shelves. Rather, we must let wisdom 64 lasts millennia truly enter contemporary life, creating emotional and intellectual connection with today’s audiences.” Till now, the videos 65 (release) in seven languages, and the team hopes to develop the series further. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的摄影作品获得了学校“China Through My Lens”主题摄影展一等奖。请你写一封邮件给你的英国笔友Chris分享该消息。内容包括： （1）你的作品内容； （2）你的创作理由。 注意： （1）词数80词左右； （2）不得透露个人相关信息； （3）开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Chris, Guess what? I won first prize in our school’s “China Through My Lens” photo exhibition! ______________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At 23, Lavonte Harvey had been working as a letter carrier for only five months, and singing had always been a part of his life. Recently, he was assigned (分配) a new delivery route in the Austin neighborhood of Chicago. The new route was far from home. Without a car, he had to leave home two and a half hours early each day to take a train and bus to work. Despite the long trip, he never complained. When walking from house to house to deliver mails, he did what he always does — he sang. Music helps him stay focused during the calm hours of his day. One day, Harvey stopped outside the home of Wanda, a 76-year-old woman who had recently lost her husband of 50 years. As he placed the mail by the door, he sang as usual, never noticing the doorbell camera beside him. Later that day, Wanda watched the video with her family. Her granddaughter, Whitney Cumbo, immediately saw the difference it made. The singing mail carrier brought laughter and light to a home weighed down by grief. After that, Wanda started sending Cumbo more videos of the singing mail carrier. Seeing her grandmother laughing and smiling again meant a lot to Cumbo, especially after such a difficult time. Cumbo wanted to thank the singing mail carrier personally. She posted the video of the doorbell camera on social media. “My grandmother lost her husband of 50 years, and the mailman is her daily dose of life,” Cumbo wrote in the post. “You are appreciated.” She then added a heartfelt request, asking Harvey if he would like to continue singing for Wanda. The video went viral on the social media. Within hours, Harvey was identified as the man in the video. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next day, Harvey returned to the neighborhood. Paragraph 2: Cumbo decided to do something for Harvey in return. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $