专题02 易错点、语法点归纳及专项训练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上学期期中复习精讲精练（新教材译林版）

专题02 易错点、语法点归纳及专项训练 Unit 1 Know yourself 1. organized adj. 有条理的、做事井然有序的； 【词汇拓展】 (v. 组织)； (n. 组织)； (adj. 无条理的，反义) ；order n. 条理;顺序； 2.explain vt. & vi. 解释； 【词汇拓展】 (n. 解释)； 【固定搭配】explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事；如： He to me the answer to the question patiently.他耐心地给我解释了这个问题的答案。 By way of , let me tell you what happened.作为解释，让我告诉你发生了什么。 3.creative adj. 有创造力的； 【词汇拓展】 n.创造力； n. 创造，创作；创作物，产物； v.创造、造成； 如：To me, art is anything that's . 对我来说，艺术就是任何有创造力的东西。 It is the of something new.这是新事物的创造。 4.involve vt. 包含，需要；牵涉； 【固定搭配】 involve doing sth  包含做某事、需要做某事； be involved in//with被卷入……；涉及到……//全心全意投入于……； 如：Learning English well involves every day. 学好英语需要每天练习。 She says government has to be involved requiring clear language because the marketplace has not dealt with the problem. 她说，政府必须介入并要求使用清晰明了的表述，因为市场尚未解决这个问题。 She was deeply involved the local hospital.她曾全心投入当地医院。 5.careless adj. 粗心的； 【词汇拓展】 n./v. 关心； adj. 细心的， 反义词；carelessness n. 粗心； adv. 粗心地； 如：This is work. Do it again!这工作做得粗枝大叶，重做! Because of his , he lost 3 points in math. 由于他的粗心大意,他在数学上丢了3分。 To protect the earth, we mustn't throw away waste . 为了保护地球，我们不能随意丢弃废物。 6.neither 专指“两者都不” 主要有以下几种核心用法： 限定词（形容词性）：后接单数可数名词，谓语用单数。 Neither answer right.两个答案都不对。 代词：可单独用或接 of，作主语时谓语通常用单数（非正式可用复数）。 Neither of the books mine.这两本书没有一本是我的。 连词：与 nor 构成 neither...nor...（既不……也不……），连接并列成分；连接主语时谓语遵循就近原则。 Neither you nor I wrong.你和我都没错。 “neither + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 +主语”结构，表示前面否定的情况也适用于后者，意为“……也不”。 I don't like this movie. Neither he. 我不喜欢这部电影。他也不喜欢。 注意：In neither case can I agree. 两种情况我都无法同意。（句子里用can I，不用I can。） 7.suppose vt. & vi.认为，推断；假设； 【词汇拓展】 adj.假定的； be supposed to…应该……； 如：I he is right.我猜想他是对的。 it rains, we stay home.要是下雨，我们就待家里。 You are supposed be quiet.你应该保持安静。 8.impress vt. 使留下深刻的好印象； 【词汇拓展】 n. 印象； adj. 令人印象深刻的； impress sb. with sth. 用某物给某人留下印象； 【固定搭配】 be impressed by对…印象深刻； leave a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象； 如：Her kindness all the people around her. 她的善良给周围所有人留下了深刻印象。 The young artist has the whole country with his creative work.这位年轻的艺术家以其富有创意的作品震撼了整个国家。 I hope my son would leave a good on the judges. 我希望我的儿子能给评委留下好的印象。 That was an performance from such a young tennis player.这么年轻的网球选手居然打得那么好。 I was by his speech.他的演讲让我印象深刻。 9. imagination n. 想象力； 【词汇拓展】 v. 想象； adj. 有想象力的； 如：Reading stories can help children develop their . 读故事能帮助孩子培养想象力。 10.pay attention to sth 注意、重视某事； to是介词，后面+名词/doing。 如：You must your spelling. 你必须注意你的拼写。 11. mention vt. 提到，说到，写到； 【固定搭配】 mention sth. to sb. 向某人提到某事； mention doing sth. 提到做某事； 如：Don’t it. 不客气； He mentioned the party me yesterday.他昨天向我提及了那个派对。 He mentioned you at the library yesterday. 他提到昨天在图书馆看到你了。 12.否定词nothing和比较级连用，表示最高级的含义； 如：I think than staying with family. 我认为没有什么比陪伴家人更幸福。 Nothing is than helping the sick and saving lives没有什么比帮助病人、挽救生命更有意义的事。 13.behaviour n. (AmE behavior) 表现方式；行为； behave v. 表现； He's making himself cheap by his unpleasant .他那令人讨厌的行为有损他自己的身份。 It's hard to train children to well at the table.培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。 14.likely adv. 可能；adj. 可能的； 【词汇拓展】 adj. 不可能的； more likely (比较级)； most likely (最高级)； 如：It is that we will have a sports meeting next month. 我们下个月很可能会开运动会。 15.succeed vi. 成功； 【词汇拓展】 n. 成功； adj. 成功的； adv. 成功地； 【固定搭配】succeed in doing sth.= be successful in doing sth.= do sth. successfully; 如：As a result, he succeeded in getting a scholarship. 结果,他成功地获得了奖学金。 = As a result, he was in getting a scholarship. =As a result, he got a scholarship . 16.consider v. 考虑； 【词汇拓展】 n. 考虑； adj. 体贴的； 【固定搭配】consider sth./doing sth. 考虑做某事； consider sb. as 把某人看作； 如：You’d better my suggestion. 你最好考虑我的建议。 I’m considering abroad some day.我一直考虑有一天出国。 At first they considered me a doctor.起初他们认为我是医生。 We him honest.我们认为他很诚实。 We that the music is well worth listening to.我们这首音乐很值得一听。 语法 并列连词、that引导的宾语从句 并列连词与连接短语 both ... and ...、not only ... but (also) ...、either ... or ... 和 neither ... nor ... 都是常见的并列连词，它们可以连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等。except 和 as well as 也是常见的连接词。 一．both ... and ... 意思是 “…… 和…… 两者都，既…… 又……”。 如： New York London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 He can swim skate. 他既会游泳又会滑冰。 注意：当 both ... and ... 连接的两个成分在句中充当主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： Both she and I good at English. 她和我都擅长英语。 二．not only ... but also ... 意思是 “不但…… 而且……，不仅…… 还有……”，其中 also 可以省略。 如：They speak English not only in class but (also) at home.他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在家里也说英语。 During the Spring Festival, children not only wear new clothes but (also) get lucky money from their parents and relatives.春节期间，孩子们不仅穿新衣服，还收到父母和亲戚给的压岁钱。 注意：当 not only ... but (also) ... 连接两个名词或代词充当主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的 “就近原则”。如： Not only the students but (also) the teachers lunch at school. 不仅学生们，还有老师们都在学校吃午饭。 三．either ... or ... 意思是 “要么…… 要么……，或者…… 或者……，不是…… 就是……” 用于连接两个表示选择关系的词。如： When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。 注意：当 either ... or ... 连接两个主语时，应遵循 “就近原则”。如： Either you or I going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 四．neither ... nor ... 意思是 “既不…… 也不……”，具有否定含义。 如： It is too cold too dry in winter here.这里冬天既不太冷也不太干。 注意：当 neither ... nor ... 连接两个主语时，也应遵循 “就近原则”。如： Neither Lily nor her parents at home today.今天莉莉和她父母都不在家。 五．except 意思是 “除了…… 以外”，表示某人或某物被排除在外。 如： We go to school every day Saturday and Sunday.除了周六和周日，我们每天都要上学。 Lots of people have big dreams, but they are too shy to tell anyone their closest friends.很多人都有远大的理想，但是他们太害羞，除了最亲密的朋友不会告诉其他任何人。 All the students Simon were in the classroom.除了西蒙以外，所有学生都在教室里。 注意：此处 except 是介词，后面跟名词不做主语。 六．as well as 意思是 “除…… 之外，也，还”。 如： Before you pick a job, it is best to consider your personality your goals.选择一份职业前，最好考虑你的目标和个性。 注意：as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。如： His parents as well as his sister invited to the party.不但他的父母，连他的妹妹也被邀请参加这次聚会。 区别：He doesn't sing Tom. 他唱得不及汤姆好。 本句中的 as well as 意思是 “和…… 一样好”，是 “as + adj./adv. + as” 的用法，表示同级比较。 Unit 2 Teenage problems 1.courage n. 勇气（不可数） 【固定搭配】 have the courage to do sth 有勇气做某事 v. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 It takes great courage face your mistakes. 直面自己的错误需要很大的勇气。 My teacher always encourages me keep trying. 我的老师总是鼓励我不断尝试。 2.wonder v. 想知道（= want to know） 【固定搭配】 wonder if/whether 想知道是否，后接陈述语序宾语从句 I wonder how to manage my time well. = I want to know my time well. 我想知道如何合理安排我的时间。 I if you have the courage to speak in public. 我想知道你是否有勇气当众发言。 3.try to do sth. 尽力、努力去做某事（侧重付出努力，想做成，常暗含事情有难度） try doing sth. 试着做某事（当作一种办法、尝试手段），试试这么做看有没有效果 Try talk with your parents when you have worries. 有烦恼时尽量和父母沟通。 Try to music to relax yourself. 试试听音乐放松自己。 4.decision n. 决定 【固定搭配】 make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 = decide to do sth. She study abroad last year. 她去年决定出国留学。 It is a difficult decision for him to . 对他来说这是一个难做的决定。 5.stick v. 粘贴，粘住；刺，插入（stick-stuck-stuck） 【固定搭配】 stick to (doing) sth. 坚持（做）某事 stick to one’s own idea/dream/plan 坚持自己的想法/梦想/计划 stick to the rules 遵守规则 Please the photo on the notebook. 请把这张照片粘在笔记本上。 Don’t stick your wrong opinions without thinking. 不要不加思考坚持错误观点。 You should stick to English every day. 你应该坚持每天练习英语。 6.find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事是…… 的（it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面不定式） I find it easy to cut back on screen time. 我发现减少看屏幕时间很简单。 7.regret v./n. 懊悔，遗憾（regret-regretted-regretted） 【固定搭配】 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（已做） regret to do sth.遗憾将要去做某事（未做） to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是 I regret back to my parents last night. 我后悔昨晚和父母顶嘴了。 We regret say that we have to give up this plan. 我们很遗憾地说，我们不得不放弃这个计划。 To his great , he didn’t stick to his dream. 让他万分懊悔的是，他没有坚持自己的梦想。 8.advice n. 建议（不可数） 【固定搭配】 some advice一些建议 suggestion n. 建议（可数） Can you give me some on teenage stress? 你能给我一些关于青少年压力的建议吗。 He gives me several useful . 他给了我几条有用的建议。 9.focused adj. 注意力集中的 【固定搭配】 stay focused 保持专心 be focused on (doing) sth. 专注于（做）某事 You need to stay in class. 课堂上你要保持专心。 He is focused on the difficult math problem. 他正专心攻克这道数学难题。 focus v. 集中（注意力、精力等于） 【固定搭配】 focus on (doing) sth. 集中注意力于（做）某事 Please focus what the teacher says. 请专心听老师讲课。 We should focus on our English skills. 我们应该专心提升自己的英语能力。 10.get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽 get along badly with sb. 和某人相处不好 You should learn to others. 你应该学会和别人友好相处。 Don’t your deskmate over small things. 不要因为小事和同桌闹矛盾。 11.experience v. 经历（ = go through） n. 经历（可数）/ 经验（不可数） 【固定搭配】 a special experience 一次特别的经历 have much/rich experience in ... 在......方面经验丰富 All teenagers different growing troubles. 所有青少年都会经历不同的成长烦恼。 We all go hard times in teenage years. 我们都会度过艰难的青少年时期。 This is a special for every teen. 这对每个青少年都是一段特别的经历。 The guide has rich in introducing Nanjing culture. 这位导游介绍南京文化经验丰富。 12.risk vt. 冒......的风险；冒险做 【固定搭配】 risk sth./doing sth. 冒......的风险 = take a risk to do avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 He risked his life save the little boy. 他冒着生命危险救下了小男孩。 He takes a risk tell his parents the truth. 他冒险告诉父母真相。 Don’t risk after drinking. 不要冒险酒后驾车。 She risked her job to tell the truth. 她冒着丢掉工作的风险说出了真相。 We should avoid up late to be free from stress. 我们应该避免熬夜，远离压力。 risk n. 风险；危险 at risk 处于危险中 take a risk/take risks 冒险 Over 10, 000 jobs are at risk due to AI. 由于人工智能，超过10000个工作岗位面临风险。 You shouldn’t take a risk when crossing the road. 过马路时你不应该冒险。 语法 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句 我们可用 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。 如：I want to know if/whether he is our new teacher. 我想知道他是不是我们的新老师。 （1）连词 if 和 whether 意思是 “是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用 if。 如：Tom wonders his grandpa will come next week.汤姆想知道他的爷爷下周是否过来。 （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即 “连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。 如： "Did Mary clean the classroom yesterday?" Mr Hu is asking. → Mr Hu is asking Mary cleaned the classroom yesterday.胡老师在问昨天玛丽有没有打扫教室。 （3）宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。 如： She wonders, "Can I be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up?" → She wonders she can be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when she grows up. 她在想自己长大后能不能成为一位像袁隆平那样伟大的科学家。 "Can you help me?" she asks. → She asks I can help her. 她问我能不能帮助她。 教材原句解析 1.She wonders if this is normal, so she talks to her mum about it. 解析：if引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序（this is normal）；主句是一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。 2.She asks whether her mum has any advice. 解析：whether引导宾语从句，可与if互换；从句用陈述语序（her mum has any advice）。 3.I'm not sure if talking about it will help. 解析：形容词sure后面接if引导的宾语从句；从句的主语是动名词短语talking about it。 易错点提醒 1.不要混淆if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 宾语从句：if意为“是否”，时态根据主句变化 条件状语从句：if意为“如果”，遵循“主将从现” 例：I don't know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will tell you. 解析：第一个if引导宾语从句，用一般将来时；第二个if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来。 2.宾语从句必须用陈述语序，即使主句是疑问句 错误：Do you know if will he come? 正确：Do you know if he will come? 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 我们可用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个特殊疑问句。如： We do not know pencil this is. 我们不知道这支铅笔是谁的。 Nobody knows the train will arrive. 没人知道火车什么时候会到。 注意：常见的连接代词有 what、who、whom、whose、which，连接副词有 when、where、how、why。 （1）连接代词和连接副词有词义，且在从句中充当句子成分。如： Can you tell me they are doing? 你能告诉我他们在做什么吗？ （what 在从句中做宾语，意思是 “什么”） （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。如： She wants to know that little boy is crying. 她想知道那个小男孩为什么哭。 （3）宾语从句中的连接代词 who 与 whom 都指人，意思是 “谁”。其中 who 为主格，在从句中做主语；whom 为宾格，在从句中做宾语。如： I do not know is playing the piano next door. 我不知道谁在隔壁弹钢琴。 Can you guess my father is talking with?你能猜猜我爸爸正在和谁谈话吗？ 注意：whom 在口语中很少使用。大多数情况下，我们可以用 who 代替 whom。 （4）含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定。如： I am not sure if/whether the bag is big enough. 我不确定这个包是否够大。 Can you tell me which bus I should take? 你能告诉我该乘哪路公共汽车吗？ 教材原句解析 1.They do not always understand why their parents have so many rules. 解析：why引导宾语从句，在从句中作原因状语；从句用陈述语序（their parents have so many rules）。 2.Many teenagers do not know what they should do about it. 解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中作do的宾语；从句用陈述语序（they should do what）。 3.They are not sure how they can have an honest dialogue with their parents. 解析：how引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语；从句用陈述语序（they can have an honest dialogue how）。 易错点提醒 1.疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问词后面必须接陈述语序 2.注意区分疑问词在从句中作的成分，避免语序错误 例：I don't know who is knocking at the door.（who在从句中作主语，语序不变） 例：I don't know who he is looking for.（who在从句中作宾语，用陈述语序） Unit 3 Never give up 1.Where there’s a will, there’s a way. 有志者事竟成。 【考点】 Where there be..., there be... 有…… 的地方就有…… Where there is love, there is warmth. 有爱就有温暖。 will n. 意志；决心；毅力 a strong will 坚强的意志 → willing adj. 乐意的； be willing to do 乐意做某事 Her strong helps her get through hard times. 她顽强的意志帮她渡过了难关。 She is to take part in the activity. 她乐意参加这项活动。 2.require sth. 需要某物 → require sb. to do 要求某人做某事 → require doing/to be done 某物需要被……（表被动含义，主语多为事物） The plant plenty of water. 这株植物需要充足的水分。 The rule requires everyone wear uniforms. 这条规定要求所有人穿校服。 The old house requires . = The old house requires to be repaired. 这座老房子需要修缮。 3.be recognized as 被公认为 = be known as → be known for 因…… 出名 Lu Xun is recognized a great writer in China. 鲁迅被公认为中国伟大的作家。 Jay Chou is known a famous singer. 周杰伦作为知名歌手而出名。 This town is known its beautiful lakes. 这座小镇因美丽的湖泊而出名。 4.inspire sb. 激励某人; inspire sb. to do 激励某人做某事 Her moving story every student in our class. 她感人的故事激励班里每一位学生。 The coach inspires us keep training hard. 教练激励我们坚持刻苦训练。 5.since 引导时间状语从句，从句一般过去时，主句现在完成时； Since I nine, I have loved space science. 从我九岁起，我就热爱太空科学。 since + 时间点；易混 for + 时间段 I stuck to my dream since 2024. 从 2024 年起我就坚守梦想。 I practiced the piano for six years. 我练钢琴六年了。 6.turn over 翻身；翻转 → turn on 打开， turn off 关闭， turn up 调大， turn down 调小 The sick boy cannot in bed by himself because of his serious illness. 这个生病的男孩因为重病，无法独自在床上翻身。 Please remember to the light when you read books in the dark study room. 在昏暗的书房看书时，请记得打开电灯。 We must all electric machines before we leave the classroom every afternoon. 每天下午离开教室前，我们必须关掉所有电器。 You can the radio a little so that everyone can hear the English news clearly. 你可以把收音机音量调大一点，这样所有人都能听清英语新闻。 the TV volume right now, or you will disturb your sleeping parents upstairs. 立刻把电视音量调小，不然会打扰楼上正在睡觉的父母。 语法 时间状语从句 本单元学习8个引导时间状语从句的连词：before, after, when, while, since, till/until, as soon as, whenever。时间状语从句用来表示主句动作发生的时间。 before、after、when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。如： When the weather is good, my grandpa likes going fishing.天气好的时候，我爷爷喜欢去钓鱼。 The sun came out after the storm ended. 暴风雨停止后，太阳出来了。 注意：我们可以用 before、after、when 和 while 引导时间状语从句，这些词既可放在句首，也可放在句中。 （1）before 意思是 “在…… 之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 如：Paper wasn't widely used Cai Lun improved the method of making it.在蔡伦改进造纸术之前，纸并没有被广泛使用。 （2）after 意思是 “在…… 之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 如：I went to school I finished my breakfast. 我吃完早饭后去上学。 （3）when 意思是 “当…… 时”，表示主句的动作发生的特定时间。 如：The days get longer spring comes. 春天到来时，白天变长了。 注意：when 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是瞬时性的。 （4）while 意思是 “当…… 时”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作是同时发生的。 如： my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes.我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。 注意：while 引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 while 还可以表示 “在…… 期间”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行的过程中。 如： the boys were playing football, it rained. 当男孩们踢足球时，下雨了。 注意：在 when 和 while 引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有 be 动词时，从句可以省略主语和 be 动词，构成 “when/while + 动词 - ing / 介词短语” 结构。 如：While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs. 旅游时我喜欢买些纪念品。 When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help.她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 since、till 和 until 引导的时间状语从句 since、till 和 until 常用来引导时间状语从句。如： Mr Brown has been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开后，布朗先生就一直待在北京。 I worked till/until he came back. 我一直工作到他回来为止。 （1） since 意思是 “自从…… 以来”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。 如： They friends since they were at primary school.他们从小学起就一直是朋友。 注意：since 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时性动词。 （2） till 和 until 意思是 “到…… 为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换，但在句首一般不用 till，而用 until。此外，till 不如 until 正式。 如： Walk you see a red house. 一直走到你看到一座红房子为止。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时性动词，且用否定形式，形成 not ... till/until 结构，则意思是 “直到…… 才（开始）”。如： I did not go to bed I finished the housework.直到做完家务我才上床睡觉。 as soon as 和 whenever 引导的时间状语从句 我们常用 as soon as 和 whenever 引导时间状语从句。如： As soon as I arrive in Canada, I call you. 我一到加拿大，就给你打电话。 Whenever he meets us, he at us. 他每次遇见我们，都向我们微笑。 （1）as soon as 意思是 “一…… 就”。如： We began to work as soon as we there. 我们一到那里就开始工作。 He will visit you as soon as he there. 他一到那里就会去拜访你。 （2）whenever 意思是 “每当；无论何时”。如： He likes listening to music whenever he time.每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。 注意：whenever 可以用 every time 替换。 Unit 4 Life is beautiful 1.so + adj./adv. + that… 如此…… 以至于（引导结果状语从句） → such + 名词短语 + that… He is brave that he never gives up when he meets all kinds of difficulties. 他十分勇敢，遇到各类困难时从不轻言放弃。 It is a meaningful story that all students want to learn from the hero. 这是一个如此有意义的故事，所有学生都想向主人公学习。 2.remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 → remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 Every great person’s story reminds us stick to our own life goals firmly. 每一位伟人的故事都提醒我们坚守自己的人生目标。 The peanuts in the garden remind me my father’s meaningful words. 园子里的花生让我想起父亲富有深意的话语。 3.compared with 与…… 相比（被动） → compare A with B 把A和B进行对比（主动） Teachers often compare my handwriting my deskmate’s. 老师经常把我的字迹和同桌的做对比。 with cities, villages are much quieter. 和城市相比，乡村安静得多。 compare A to B 将 A 比喻成 B People often compare youth the rising sun. 人们常常把青春比作初升的太阳。 The writer compares her mother a gentle lamp. 这位作家把她的母亲比作一盏温柔的灯。 4.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做（主动） → be seen doing sth. 被看见正在做某事（被动）; see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事的全过程（主动） → be seen to do sth. 被看见做某事的全过程（被动）（同类用法： hear/watch) I saw a little girl beautiful flowers by the river. 我看见一个小女孩正在河边采摘漂亮的花。 The girl was seen flowers near the clear river just now. 刚才有人看见女孩在清澈河边摘花。 We often see old men slowly in the community park. 我们常看见老人在社区公园里慢慢散步。 Those old men are seen walk here every sunny morning. 每个晴朗清晨都能看见那些老人来这儿散步。 5.interested-ed 修饰人，感到感兴趣 be interested in = show interest in 对......感兴趣 → interesting-ing 修饰事物，令人感兴趣（同类 excited/exciting、bored/boring） I am interested the stories about ancient history. 我对有关古代历史的故事很感兴趣。 Most students show in this interesting science book. 大多数学生都对这本有趣的科普书感兴趣。 This cartoon makes all of us laugh happily. 这部有趣的动画片让我们所有人开怀大笑。 6.be satisfied with 对…… 感到满意 = be pleased with（人作主语 - ed） → satisfying 令人满意（物作主语） Most people will be if they can do something useful for society. 如果能为社会做实事，大多数人都会感到满足。 It is a thing to give warmth and help to people in trouble. 向困境中的人送去温暖与帮助，是一件令人满足的事。 7.tired 感到疲惫（人） be tired of 厌烦 → tiring 令人劳累（事）；固定搭配 Fan Jinshi never felt even after decades of hard work in dry deserts. 即便在干燥沙漠数十年辛苦工作，樊锦诗从未感到疲惫。 The work of recording ancient caves is slow and but valuable. 记录古窟的工作缓慢劳累，却极具价值。 语法 动词-ing用法、动词-ed用法 动词-ing用法 知识点1作主语 动词-ing用作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。 is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 off our caps is a polite way when we face our national flag.当我们面对国旗时，脱帽是有礼貌的行为。 知识点2作宾语 动词finish、suggest、keep、consider、mind、imagine等后接动词-ing作宾语。 Be quiet! He hasn't finished .安静！他还没有讲完。 I keep you, but you won't listen!我一再跟你说﹐但你就是不肯听！ We're considering a new car.我们在考虑买一辆新车。 知识点3作宾补 动词-ing可用在动词hear、see、watch、feel、notice等之后作宾语补足语，与句子的宾语之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行。 He could hear a dog .他听得到狗叫。 Did you notice him the party early?你有没有注意到他提前离开了聚会？ 知识点4作定语 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。 They waited and waited for something to happen.他们等啊等啊，等待着激动人心的事情发生。 知识点5作表语 动词-ing用作表语，用于连系动词之后。 Her job was keeping the hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是尽量使大厅保持整洁。 The best policy is being honest. 上策是诚实。 动词-ed用法 动词-ed可以用作形容词，具有被动含义, 多为品质形容词，用于描述人的情感或状态，可作定语或表语。 I'm not worried about her — she can take care of herself.我不为她担心，她能照顾自己。（作表语） She gave me a worried look.她心事重重地看了我一眼。（作定语） 【易错警示】动词-ing也可用作形容词，但是表达主动含义，用于描述事物的性质或特征。 The satisfying meal made everyone at the table feel completely satisfied.这顿令人满意的饭菜让餐桌上的每个人都感到非常满足。 专题训练 一、单项选择 1.He is an ________ boy. He always plans everything well. A. careless B. organized C. creative D. likely 2.—Do you like coffee or tea?—________. I prefer water. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None 3.I ________ that he will finish the work on time. A. suppose B. wonder C. require D. remind 4.The great show ________ all the students deeply. A. impressed B. impressed on C. was impressed D. impresses to 5.You must ________ your spelling when you write the composition. A. pay attention to B. get on well with C. be satisfied with D. be tired of 6.He didn’t ________ anything about his trip in the letter. A. mention B. explain C. suppose D. consider 7.It is ________ for him to win the game. He practices hard every day. A. possibly B. likely C. probably D. maybe 8.If you keep working hard, you will ________ in your dream. A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully 9.You should ________ the plan carefully before you make a ________. A. consider; decision B. consider; decide C. thought; decision D. think; decide 10.He ________ to pass the exam, but he failed at last. A. tried B. tries C. tried doing D. try doing 11.I find it difficult ________ English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 12.Don’t ________ taking the risk. It’s too dangerous. A. risk B. risked C. risking D. to risk 13.The girl ________ as a talented singer in our school. A. is recognized B. recognizes C. is recognizing D. recognized 14.He is ________ tired ________ he can’t keep his eyes open. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 15.I saw him ________ basketball on the playground when I passed by. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1.He is ________ (care) and often makes mistakes. 2.The story is full of ________ (imagine). 3.His good behaviour ________ (impress) us last term. 4.I ________ (suppose) he is right, but I’m not sure. 5.You should make a quick ________ (decide). 6.He ________ (stick) the picture on the wall yesterday. 7.I regret ________ (not take) your advice. 8.He has rich ________ (experience) in teaching. 9.The movie ________ (inspire) many young people so far. 10.We are ________ (satisfy) with our new life. 11.He is ________ (tire) of doing the same work every day. 12.The boy is ________ (interest) in painting. 13.She ________ (remind) me to lock the door just now. 14.________ (compare) with last year, he has made great progress. 15.I wonder ________ (know) the truth. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.你能给我解释这个问题吗？ Can you ____________ this problem to me? 2.我们应该注意课堂上的听讲。 We should ____________ listening in class. 3.他没有提到他的家庭。 He didn’t ____________ his family. 4.这两个男孩都不喜欢打篮球。 ____________ of the two boys ____________ playing basketball. 5.我认为他会取得成功。 I ____________ he will ____________. 6.你最好仔细考虑这个建议。 You’d better ____________ the suggestion carefully. 7.他尽力完成这项艰难的任务。 He ____________ finish the difficult task. 8.我发现学好英语很难。 I ____________ it difficult ____________ English well. 9.不要冒险做这件事。 Don’t ____________ ____________ this thing. 10.他被公认为一名优秀的运动员。 He ____________ ____________ ____________ an excellent player. 11.这个故事如此感人，以至于很多人哭了。 The story is ____________ moving ____________ many people cried. 12.请提醒我明天早点起床。 Please ____________ me ____________ get up early tomorrow. 13.和以前相比，他进步很大。 ____________ ____________ before, he has made great progress. 14.我看见他正在房间里读书。 I saw him ____________ in the room. 15.有志者事竟成。 ____________________________________. 四、句子翻译 1.他是一个有条理的学生。 2.我猜想他会同意我们的计划。 3.他的演讲给我们留下了深刻印象。 4.不要和你的父母争吵。 5.我后悔没有听从你的建议。 6.他冒险去救那个孩子。 7.这首歌曲激励了无数青少年。 8.我对这个结果感到满意。 9.与过去相比，我们的生活更好了。 10.我看见他正在操场上跑步。 五、语法填空 阅读短文，用括号内单词适当形式填空，或填合适的词。 My friend Tom is an 1.________ (organize) boy. He 2.________ (suppose) to be good at all subjects. Last term, he 3.________ (impress) our teachers with his good behaviour. He 4.________ (consider) many things before he makes a 5.________ (decide). He doesn’t like to risk 6.________ (do) silly things. He is 7.________ (satisfy) with his life. 8.________ (compare) with other students, he works harder. He often reminds me 9.________ (pay) attention to my study. I believe 10.________ there is a will, there is a way. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 易错点、语法点归纳及专项训练 Unit 1 Know yourself 1. organized adj. 有条理的、做事井然有序的； 【词汇拓展】 organize (v. 组织)； organization (n. 组织)； disorganized (adj. 无条理的，反义) ；order n. 条理;顺序； 2.explain vt. & vi. 解释； 【词汇拓展】explanation (n. 解释)； 【固定搭配】explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事；如： He explains to me the answer to the question patiently.他耐心地给我解释了这个问题的答案。 By way of explanation, let me tell you what happened.作为解释，让我告诉你发生了什么。 3.creative adj. 有创造力的； 【词汇拓展】 creativity n.创造力； creation n. 创造，创作；创作物，产物； create v.创造、造成； 如：To me, art is anything that's creative. 对我来说，艺术就是任何有创造力的东西。 It is the creation of something new.这是新事物的创造。 4.involve vt. 包含，需要；牵涉； 【固定搭配】 involve doing sth  包含做某事、需要做某事； be involved in//with被卷入……；涉及到……//全心全意投入于……； 如：Learning English well involves practicing every day. 学好英语需要每天练习。 She says government has to be involved in requiring clear language because the marketplace has not dealt with the problem. 她说，政府必须介入并要求使用清晰明了的表述，因为市场尚未解决这个问题。 She was deeply involved with the local hospital.她曾全心投入当地医院。 5.careless adj. 粗心的； 【词汇拓展】 care n./v. 关心； careful adj. 细心的， 反义词；carelessness n. 粗心； carelessly adv. 粗心地； 如：This is careless work. Do it again!这工作做得粗枝大叶，重做! Because of his carelessness , he lost 3 points in math. 由于他的粗心大意,他在数学上丢了3分。 To protect the earth, we mustn't throw away waste carelessly. 为了保护地球，我们不能随意丢弃废物。 6.neither 专指“两者都不” 主要有以下几种核心用法： 限定词（形容词性）：后接单数可数名词，谓语用单数。 Neither answer is right.两个答案都不对。 代词：可单独用或接 of，作主语时谓语通常用单数（非正式可用复数）。 Neither of the books is/are mine.这两本书没有一本是我的。 连词：与 nor 构成 neither...nor...（既不……也不……），连接并列成分；连接主语时谓语遵循就近原则。 Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 “neither + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 +主语”结构，表示前面否定的情况也适用于后者，意为“……也不”。 I don't like this movie. Neither does he. 我不喜欢这部电影。他也不喜欢。 注意：In neither case can I agree. 两种情况我都无法同意。（句子里用can I，不用I can。） 7.suppose vt. & vi.认为，推断；假设； 【词汇拓展】supposed adj.假定的； be supposed to…应该……； 如：I suppose he is right.我猜想他是对的。 Suppose it rains, we stay home.要是下雨，我们就待家里。 You are supposed to be quiet.你应该保持安静。 8.impress vt. 使留下深刻的好印象； 【词汇拓展】 impression n. 印象； impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的； impress sb. with sth. 用某物给某人留下印象； 【固定搭配】 be impressed by对…印象深刻； leave a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象； 如：Her kindness impressed all the people around her. 她的善良给周围所有人留下了深刻印象。 The young artist has impressed the whole country with his creative work.这位年轻的艺术家以其富有创意的作品震撼了整个国家。 I hope my son would leave a good impression on the judges. 我希望我的儿子能给评委留下好的印象。 That was an impressive performance from such a young tennis player.这么年轻的网球选手居然打得那么好。 I was impressed by his speech.他的演讲让我印象深刻。 9. imagination n. 想象力； 【词汇拓展】 imagine v. 想象； imaginative adj. 有想象力的； 如：Reading stories can help children develop their imagination. 读故事能帮助孩子培养想象力。 10.pay attention to sth 注意、重视某事； to是介词，后面+名词/doing。 如：You must pay attention to your spelling. 你必须注意你的拼写。 11. mention vt. 提到，说到，写到； 【固定搭配】 mention sth. to sb. 向某人提到某事； mention doing sth. 提到做某事； 如：Don’t mention it. 不客气； He mentioned the party to me yesterday.他昨天向我提及了那个派对。 He mentioned seeing you at the library yesterday. 他提到昨天在图书馆看到你了。 12.否定词nothing和比较级连用，表示最高级的含义； 如：I think nothing is happier than staying with family. 我认为没有什么比陪伴家人更幸福。 Nothing is more meaningful than helping the sick and saving lives没有什么比帮助病人、挽救生命更有意义的事。 13.behaviour n. (AmE behavior) 表现方式；行为； behave v. 表现； He's making himself cheap by his unpleasant behaviour.他那令人讨厌的行为有损他自己的身份。 It's hard to train children to behave well at the table.培养儿童用餐时举止得体是很困难的。 14.likely adv. 可能；adj. 可能的； 【词汇拓展】 unlikely adj. 不可能的； more likely (比较级)； most likely (最高级)； 如：It is likely that we will have a sports meeting next month. 我们下个月很可能会开运动会。 15.succeed vi. 成功； 【词汇拓展】 success n. 成功； successful adj. 成功的； successfully adv. 成功地； 【固定搭配】succeed in doing sth.= be successful in doing sth.= do sth. successfully; 如：As a result, he succeeded in getting a scholarship. 结果,他成功地获得了奖学金。 = As a result, he was successful in getting a scholarship. =As a result, he got a scholarship successfully. 16.consider v. 考虑； 【词汇拓展】 consideration n. 考虑； considerate adj. 体贴的； 【固定搭配】consider sth./doing sth. 考虑做某事； consider sb. as 把某人看作； 如：You’d better consider my suggestion. 你最好考虑我的建议。 I’m considering going abroad some day.我一直考虑有一天出国。 At first they considered me as a doctor.起初他们认为我是医生。 We consider him honest.我们认为他很诚实。 We consider that the music is well worth listening to.我们这首音乐很值得一听。 语法 并列连词、that引导的宾语从句 并列连词与连接短语 both ... and ...、not only ... but (also) ...、either ... or ... 和 neither ... nor ... 都是常见的并列连词，它们可以连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等。except 和 as well as 也是常见的连接词。 一．both ... and ... 意思是 “…… 和…… 两者都，既…… 又……”。 如：Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 He can both swim and skate. 他既会游泳又会滑冰。 注意：当 both ... and ... 连接的两个成分在句中充当主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： Both she and I are good at English. 她和我都擅长英语。 二．not only ... but also ... 意思是 “不但…… 而且……，不仅…… 还有……”，其中 also 可以省略。 如：They speak English not only in class but (also) at home.他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在家里也说英语。 During the Spring Festival, children not only wear new clothes but (also) get lucky money from their parents and relatives.春节期间，孩子们不仅穿新衣服，还收到父母和亲戚给的压岁钱。 注意：当 not only ... but (also) ... 连接两个名词或代词充当主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的 “就近原则”。如： Not only the students but (also) the teachers have lunch at school. 不仅学生们，还有老师们都在学校吃午饭。 三．either ... or ... 意思是 “要么…… 要么……，或者…… 或者……，不是…… 就是……” 用于连接两个表示选择关系的词。如： When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。 注意：当 either ... or ... 连接两个主语时，应遵循 “就近原则”。如： Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 四．neither ... nor ... 意思是 “既不…… 也不……”，具有否定含义。 如： It is neither too cold nor too dry in winter here.这里冬天既不太冷也不太干。 注意：当 neither ... nor ... 连接两个主语时，也应遵循 “就近原则”。如： Neither Lily nor her parents are at home today.今天莉莉和她父母都不在家。 五．except 意思是 “除了…… 以外”，表示某人或某物被排除在外。 如： We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.除了周六和周日，我们每天都要上学。 Lots of people have big dreams, but they are too shy to tell anyone except their closest friends.很多人都有远大的理想，但是他们太害羞，除了最亲密的朋友不会告诉其他任何人。 All the students except Simon were in the classroom.除了西蒙以外，所有学生都在教室里。 注意：此处 except 是介词，后面跟名词不做主语。 六．as well as 意思是 “除…… 之外，也，还”。 如： Before you pick a job, it is best to consider your personality as well as your goals.选择一份职业前，最好考虑你的目标和个性。 注意：as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。如： His parents as well as his sister were invited to the party.不但他的父母，连他的妹妹也被邀请参加这次聚会。 区别：He doesn't sing as well as Tom. 他唱得不及汤姆好。 本句中的 as well as 意思是 “和…… 一样好”，是 “as + adj./adv. + as” 的用法，表示同级比较。 Unit 2 Teenage problems 1.courage n. 勇气（不可数） 【固定搭配】 have the courage to do sth 有勇气做某事 encourage v. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 It takes great courage to face your mistakes. 直面自己的错误需要很大的勇气。 My teacher always encourages me to keep trying. 我的老师总是鼓励我不断尝试。 2.wonder v. 想知道（= want to know） 【固定搭配】 wonder if/whether 想知道是否，后接陈述语序宾语从句 I wonder how to manage my time well. = I want to know how to manage my time well. 我想知道如何合理安排我的时间。 I wonder if you have the courage to speak in public. 我想知道你是否有勇气当众发言。 3.try to do sth. 尽力、努力去做某事（侧重付出努力，想做成，常暗含事情有难度） try doing sth. 试着做某事（当作一种办法、尝试手段），试试这么做看有没有效果 Try to talk with your parents when you have worries. 有烦恼时尽量和父母沟通。 Try listening to music to relax yourself. 试试听音乐放松自己。 4.decision n. 决定 【固定搭配】 make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 = decide to do sth. She made a decision to study abroad last year. 她去年决定出国留学。 It is a difficult decision for him to make. 对他来说这是一个难做的决定。 5.stick v. 粘贴，粘住；刺，插入（stick-stuck-stuck） 【固定搭配】 stick to (doing) sth. 坚持（做）某事 stick to one’s own idea/dream/plan 坚持自己的想法/梦想/计划 stick to the rules 遵守规则 Please stick the photo on the notebook. 请把这张照片粘在笔记本上。 Don’t stick to your wrong opinions without thinking. 不要不加思考坚持错误观点。 You should stick to practicing English every day. 你应该坚持每天练习英语。 6.find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事是…… 的（it 作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面不定式） I find it easy to cut back on screen time. 我发现减少看屏幕时间很简单。 7.regret v./n. 懊悔，遗憾（regret-regretted-regretted） 【固定搭配】 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事（已做） regret to do sth.遗憾将要去做某事（未做） to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是 I regret talking back to my parents last night. 我后悔昨晚和父母顶嘴了。 We regret to say that we have to give up this plan. 我们很遗憾地说，我们不得不放弃这个计划。 To his great regret, he didn’t stick to his dream. 让他万分懊悔的是，他没有坚持自己的梦想。 8.advice n. 建议（不可数） 【固定搭配】 some advice一些建议 suggestion n. 建议（可数） Can you give me some advice on teenage stress? 你能给我一些关于青少年压力的建议吗。 He gives me several useful suggestions. 他给了我几条有用的建议。 9.focused adj. 注意力集中的 【固定搭配】 stay focused 保持专心 be focused on (doing) sth. 专注于（做）某事 You need to stay focused in class. 课堂上你要保持专心。 He is focused on finishing the difficult math problem. 他正专心攻克这道数学难题。 focus v. 集中（注意力、精力等于） 【固定搭配】 focus on (doing) sth. 集中注意力于（做）某事 Please focus on what the teacher says. 请专心听老师讲课。 We should focus on improving our English skills. 我们应该专心提升自己的英语能力。 10.get on well with sb. = get along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽 get along badly with sb. 和某人相处不好 You should learn to get along well with others. 你应该学会和别人友好相处。 Don’t get along badly with your deskmate over small things. 不要因为小事和同桌闹矛盾。 11.experience v. 经历（ = go through） experience n. 经历（可数）/ 经验（不可数） 【固定搭配】 a special experience 一次特别的经历 have much/rich experience in ... 在......方面经验丰富 All teenagers experience different growing troubles. 所有青少年都会经历不同的成长烦恼。 We all go through hard times in teenage years. 我们都会度过艰难的青少年时期。 This is a special experience for every teen. 这对每个青少年都是一段特别的经历。 The guide has rich experience in introducing Nanjing culture. 这位导游介绍南京文化经验丰富。 12.risk vt. 冒......的风险；冒险做 【固定搭配】 risk sth./doing sth. 冒......的风险 = take a risk to do avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 He risked his life to save the little boy. 他冒着生命危险救下了小男孩。 He takes a risk to tell his parents the truth. 他冒险告诉父母真相。 Don’t risk driving after drinking. 不要冒险酒后驾车。 She risked losing her job to tell the truth. 她冒着丢掉工作的风险说出了真相。 We should avoid staying up late to be free from stress. 我们应该避免熬夜，远离压力。 risk n. 风险；危险 at risk 处于危险中 take a risk/take risks 冒险 Over 10, 000 jobs are at risk due to AI. 由于人工智能，超过10000个工作岗位面临风险。 You shouldn’t take a risk when crossing the road. 过马路时你不应该冒险。 语法 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句 我们可用 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个一般疑问句。 如：I want to know if/whether he is our new teacher. 我想知道他是不是我们的新老师。 （1）连词 if 和 whether 意思是 “是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，在口语中多用 if。 如：Tom wonders if/whether his grandpa will come next week.汤姆想知道他的爷爷下周是否过来。 （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即 “连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。 如： "Did Mary clean the classroom yesterday?" Mr Hu is asking. → Mr Hu is asking if/whether Mary cleaned the classroom yesterday.胡老师在问昨天玛丽有没有打扫教室。 （3）宾语从句中的人称代词要符合逻辑，有时需进行合理变化。 如： She wonders, "Can I be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up?" → She wonders if/whether she can be a great scientist like Yuan Longping when she grows up. 她在想自己长大后能不能成为一位像袁隆平那样伟大的科学家。 "Can you help me?" she asks. → She asks if/whether I can help her. 她问我能不能帮助她。 教材原句解析 1.She wonders if this is normal, so she talks to her mum about it. 解析：if引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序（this is normal）；主句是一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。 2.She asks whether her mum has any advice. 解析：whether引导宾语从句，可与if互换；从句用陈述语序（her mum has any advice）。 3.I'm not sure if talking about it will help. 解析：形容词sure后面接if引导的宾语从句；从句的主语是动名词短语talking about it。 易错点提醒 1.不要混淆if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 宾语从句：if意为“是否”，时态根据主句变化 条件状语从句：if意为“如果”，遵循“主将从现” 例：I don't know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, I will tell you. 解析：第一个if引导宾语从句，用一般将来时；第二个if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来。 2.宾语从句必须用陈述语序，即使主句是疑问句 错误：Do you know if will he come? 正确：Do you know if he will come? 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 我们可用连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句，此时从句部分的语义相当于一个特殊疑问句。如： We do not know whose pencil this is. 我们不知道这支铅笔是谁的。 Nobody knows when the train will arrive. 没人知道火车什么时候会到。 注意：常见的连接代词有 what、who、whom、whose、which，连接副词有 when、where、how、why。 （1）连接代词和连接副词有词义，且在从句中充当句子成分。如： Can you tell me what they are doing? 你能告诉我他们在做什么吗？ （what 在从句中做宾语，意思是 “什么”） （2）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。如： She wants to know why that little boy is crying. 她想知道那个小男孩为什么哭。 （3）宾语从句中的连接代词 who 与 whom 都指人，意思是 “谁”。其中 who 为主格，在从句中做主语；whom 为宾格，在从句中做宾语。如： I do not know who is playing the piano next door. 我不知道谁在隔壁弹钢琴。 Can you guess whom/who my father is talking with? 你能猜猜我爸爸正在和谁谈话吗？ 注意：whom 在口语中很少使用。大多数情况下，我们可以用 who 代替 whom。 （4）含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定。如： I am not sure if/whether the bag is big enough. 我不确定这个包是否够大。 Can you tell me which bus I should take? 你能告诉我该乘哪路公共汽车吗？ 教材原句解析 1.They do not always understand why their parents have so many rules. 解析：why引导宾语从句，在从句中作原因状语；从句用陈述语序（their parents have so many rules）。 2.Many teenagers do not know what they should do about it. 解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中作do的宾语；从句用陈述语序（they should do what）。 3.They are not sure how they can have an honest dialogue with their parents. 解析：how引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语；从句用陈述语序（they can have an honest dialogue how）。 易错点提醒 1.疑问词引导的宾语从句，疑问词后面必须接陈述语序 2.注意区分疑问词在从句中作的成分，避免语序错误 例：I don't know who is knocking at the door.（who在从句中作主语，语序不变） 例：I don't know who he is looking for.（who在从句中作宾语，用陈述语序） Unit 3 Never give up 1.Where there’s a will, there’s a way. 有志者事竟成。 【考点】 Where there be..., there be... 有…… 的地方就有…… Where there is love, there is warmth. 有爱就有温暖。 will n. 意志；决心；毅力 a strong will 坚强的意志 → willing adj. 乐意的； be willing to do 乐意做某事 Her strong will helps her get through hard times. 她顽强的意志帮她渡过了难关。 She is willing to take part in the activity. 她乐意参加这项活动。 2.require sth. 需要某物 → require sb. to do 要求某人做某事 → require doing/to be done 某物需要被……（表被动含义，主语多为事物） The plant requires plenty of water. 这株植物需要充足的水分。 The rule requires everyone to wear uniforms. 这条规定要求所有人穿校服。 The old house requires repairing. = The old house requires to be repaired. 这座老房子需要修缮。 3.be recognized as 被公认为 = be known as → be known for 因…… 出名 Lu Xun is recognized as a great writer in China. 鲁迅被公认为中国伟大的作家。 Jay Chou is known as a famous singer. 周杰伦作为知名歌手而出名。 This town is known for its beautiful lakes. 这座小镇因美丽的湖泊而出名。 4.inspire sb. 激励某人; inspire sb. to do 激励某人做某事 Her moving story inspires every student in our class. 她感人的故事激励班里每一位学生。 The coach inspires us to keep training hard. 教练激励我们坚持刻苦训练。 5.since 引导时间状语从句，从句一般过去时，主句现在完成时； Since I was nine, I have loved space science. 从我九岁起，我就热爱太空科学。 since + 时间点；易混 for + 时间段 I have stuck to my dream since 2024. 从 2024 年起我就坚守梦想。 I have practiced the piano for six years. 我练钢琴六年了。 6.turn over 翻身；翻转 → turn on 打开， turn off 关闭， turn up 调大， turn down 调小 The sick boy cannot turn over in bed by himself because of his serious illness. 这个生病的男孩因为重病，无法独自在床上翻身。 Please remember to turn on the light when you read books in the dark study room. 在昏暗的书房看书时，请记得打开电灯。 We must turn off all electric machines before we leave the classroom every afternoon. 每天下午离开教室前，我们必须关掉所有电器。 You can turn up the radio a little so that everyone can hear the English news clearly. 你可以把收音机音量调大一点，这样所有人都能听清英语新闻。 Turn down the TV volume right now, or you will disturb your sleeping parents upstairs. 立刻把电视音量调小，不然会打扰楼上正在睡觉的父母。 语法 时间状语从句 本单元学习8个引导时间状语从句的连词：before, after, when, while, since, till/until, as soon as, whenever。时间状语从句用来表示主句动作发生的时间。 before、after、when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。如： When the weather is good, my grandpa likes going fishing.天气好的时候，我爷爷喜欢去钓鱼。 The sun came out after the storm ended. 暴风雨停止后，太阳出来了。 注意：我们可以用 before、after、when 和 while 引导时间状语从句，这些词既可放在句首，也可放在句中。 （1）before 意思是 “在…… 之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 如：Paper wasn't widely used before Cai Lun improved the method of making it.在蔡伦改进造纸术之前，纸并没有被广泛使用。 （2）after 意思是 “在…… 之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 如：I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 我吃完早饭后去上学。 （3）when 意思是 “当…… 时”，表示主句的动作发生的特定时间。 如：The days get longer when spring comes. 春天到来时，白天变长了。 注意：when 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是瞬时性的。 （4）while 意思是 “当…… 时”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作是同时发生的。 如：While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes.我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。 注意：while 引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 while 还可以表示 “在…… 期间”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行的过程中。 如：While the boys were playing football, it rained. 当男孩们踢足球时，下雨了。 注意：在 when 和 while 引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句中有 be 动词时，从句可以省略主语和 be 动词，构成 “when/while + 动词 - ing / 介词短语” 结构。 如：While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs. 旅游时我喜欢买些纪念品。 When (she is) in trouble, she always asks for my help.她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 since、till 和 until 引导的时间状语从句 since、till 和 until 常用来引导时间状语从句。如： Mr Brown has been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开后，布朗先生就一直待在北京。 I worked till/until he came back. 我一直工作到他回来为止。 （1） since 意思是 “自从…… 以来”。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。 如： They have been friends since they were at primary school.他们从小学起就一直是朋友。 注意：since 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时性动词。 （2） till 和 until 意思是 “到…… 为止”，一般情况下两者可以互换，但在句首一般不用 till，而用 until。此外，till 不如 until 正式。 如： Walk till/until you see a red house. 一直走到你看到一座红房子为止。 注意：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时性动词，且用否定形式，形成 not ... till/until 结构，则意思是 “直到…… 才（开始）”。如： I did not go to bed till/until I finished the housework.直到做完家务我才上床睡觉。 as soon as 和 whenever 引导的时间状语从句 我们常用 as soon as 和 whenever 引导时间状语从句。如： As soon as I arrive in Canada, I will call you. 我一到加拿大，就给你打电话。 Whenever he meets us, he smiles at us. 他每次遇见我们，都向我们微笑。 （1）as soon as 意思是 “一…… 就”。如： We began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那里就开始工作。 He will visit you as soon as he gets there. 他一到那里就会去拜访你。 （2）whenever 意思是 “每当；无论何时”。如： He likes listening to music whenever he has time.每当他有时间的时候，他喜欢听音乐。 注意：whenever 可以用 every time 替换。 Unit 4 Life is beautiful 1.so + adj./adv. + that… 如此…… 以至于（引导结果状语从句） → such + 名词短语 + that… He is so brave that he never gives up when he meets all kinds of difficulties. 他十分勇敢，遇到各类困难时从不轻言放弃。 It is such a meaningful story that all students want to learn from the hero. 这是一个如此有意义的故事，所有学生都想向主人公学习。 2.remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 → remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 Every great person’s story reminds us to stick to our own life goals firmly. 每一位伟人的故事都提醒我们坚守自己的人生目标。 The peanuts in the garden remind me of my father’s meaningful words. 园子里的花生让我想起父亲富有深意的话语。 3.compared with 与…… 相比（被动） → compare A with B 把A和B进行对比（主动） Teachers often compare my handwriting with my deskmate’s. 老师经常把我的字迹和同桌的做对比。 Compared with cities, villages are much quieter. 和城市相比，乡村安静得多。 compare A to B 将 A 比喻成 B People often compare youth to the rising sun. 人们常常把青春比作初升的太阳。 The writer compares her mother to a gentle lamp. 这位作家把她的母亲比作一盏温柔的灯。 4.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做（主动） → be seen doing sth. 被看见正在做某事（被动）; see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事的全过程（主动） → be seen to do sth. 被看见做某事的全过程（被动）（同类用法： hear/watch) I saw a little girl picking beautiful flowers by the river. 我看见一个小女孩正在河边采摘漂亮的花。 The girl was seen picking flowers near the clear river just now. 刚才有人看见女孩在清澈河边摘花。 We often see old men walk slowly in the community park. 我们常看见老人在社区公园里慢慢散步。 Those old men are seen to walk here every sunny morning. 每个晴朗清晨都能看见那些老人来这儿散步。 5.interested-ed 修饰人，感到感兴趣 be interested in = show interest in 对......感兴趣 → interesting-ing 修饰事物，令人感兴趣（同类 excited/exciting、bored/boring） I am interested in the stories about ancient history. 我对有关古代历史的故事很感兴趣。 Most students show interest in this interesting science book. 大多数学生都对这本有趣的科普书感兴趣。 This interesting cartoon makes all of us laugh happily. 这部有趣的动画片让我们所有人开怀大笑。 6.be satisfied with 对…… 感到满意 = be pleased with（人作主语 - ed） → satisfying 令人满意（物作主语） Most people will be satisfied if they can do something useful for society. 如果能为社会做实事，大多数人都会感到满足。 It is a satisfying thing to give warmth and help to people in trouble. 向困境中的人送去温暖与帮助，是一件令人满足的事。 7.tired 感到疲惫（人） be tired of 厌烦 → tiring 令人劳累（事）；固定搭配 Fan Jinshi never felt tired even after decades of hard work in dry deserts. 即便在干燥沙漠数十年辛苦工作，樊锦诗从未感到疲惫。 The work of recording ancient caves is slow and tiring but valuable. 记录古窟的工作缓慢劳累，却极具价值。 语法 动词-ing用法、动词-ed用法 动词-ing用法 知识点1作主语 动词-ing用作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。 Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 Taking off our caps is a polite way when we face our national flag.当我们面对国旗时，脱帽是有礼貌的行为。 知识点2作宾语 动词finish、suggest、keep、consider、mind、imagine等后接动词-ing作宾语。 Be quiet! He hasn't finished speaking.安静！他还没有讲完。 I keep telling you, but you won't listen!我一再跟你说﹐但你就是不肯听！ We're considering buying a new car.我们在考虑买一辆新车。 知识点3作宾补 动词-ing可用在动词hear、see、watch、feel、notice等之后作宾语补足语，与句子的宾语之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行。 He could hear a dog barking.他听得到狗叫。 Did you notice him leaving the party early?你有没有注意到他提前离开了聚会？ 知识点4作定语 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。 They waited and waited for something exciting to happen.他们等啊等啊，等待着激动人心的事情发生。 知识点5作表语 动词-ing用作表语，用于连系动词之后。 Her job was keeping the hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是尽量使大厅保持整洁。 The best policy is being honest. 上策是诚实。 动词-ed用法 动词-ed可以用作形容词，具有被动含义, 多为品质形容词，用于描述人的情感或状态，可作定语或表语。 I'm not worried about her — she can take care of herself.我不为她担心，她能照顾自己。（作表语） She gave me a worried look.她心事重重地看了我一眼。（作定语） 【易错警示】动词-ing也可用作形容词，但是表达主动含义，用于描述事物的性质或特征。 The satisfying meal made everyone at the table feel completely satisfied.这顿令人满意的饭菜让餐桌上的每个人都感到非常满足。 专题训练 一、单项选择 1.He is an ________ boy. He always plans everything well. A. careless B. organized C. creative D. likely 2.—Do you like coffee or tea?—________. I prefer water. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None 3.I ________ that he will finish the work on time. A. suppose B. wonder C. require D. remind 4.The great show ________ all the students deeply. A. impressed B. impressed on C. was impressed D. impresses to 5.You must ________ your spelling when you write the composition. A. pay attention to B. get on well with C. be satisfied with D. be tired of 6.He didn’t ________ anything about his trip in the letter. A. mention B. explain C. suppose D. consider 7.It is ________ for him to win the game. He practices hard every day. A. possibly B. likely C. probably D. maybe 8.If you keep working hard, you will ________ in your dream. A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully 9.You should ________ the plan carefully before you make a ________. A. consider; decision B. consider; decide C. thought; decision D. think; decide 10.He ________ to pass the exam, but he failed at last. A. tried B. tries C. tried doing D. try doing 11.I find it difficult ________ English well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 12.Don’t ________ taking the risk. It’s too dangerous. A. risk B. risked C. risking D. to risk 13.The girl ________ as a talented singer in our school. A. is recognized B. recognizes C. is recognizing D. recognized 14.He is ________ tired ________ he can’t keep his eyes open. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 15.I saw him ________ basketball on the playground when I passed by. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 1.【答案】B 【解析】organized 意为“有条理的”；careless粗心的；creative有创造力的；likely可能的。根据后句“他总是把一切计划得很好”，选organized。 2.【答案】C 【解析】neither指两者都不；both两者都；either两者任一；none三者及以上都不。问句是coffee or tea两者选择，答句说更喜欢水，两者都不喜欢，故选neither。 3.【答案】A 【解析】suppose 认为，推断；wonder想知道；require需要；remind提醒。句意：我认为他会按时完成工作。 4.【答案】A 【解析】impress sb. 给某人留下深刻印象，及物动词，直接接人作宾语。主语the great show是单数，可用impressed（过去式）。 5.【答案】A 【解析】pay attention to 注意；重视；get on well with与……相处融洽；be satisfied with对……满意；be tired of厌烦。句意：写作文时你必须注意拼写。 6.【答案】A 【解析】mention提到；explain解释；suppose认为；consider考虑。句意：他在信里没有提到关于旅行的任何事。 7.【答案】B 【解析】be likely to do 固定搭配，“可能做某事”；possibly/probably是副词，不能放在be动词后作表语；maybe是副词放句首。 8.【答案】A 【解析】succeed vi.成功；will后接动词原形；success名词；successful形容词；successfully副词。succeed in sth 在某方面取得成功。 9.【答案】A 【解析】consider v.考虑；make a decision 做决定，固定搭配。should后接动词原形；decision名词。 10.【答案】A 【解析】try to do sth 尽力努力做某事（付出努力，未必成功）；try doing尝试做。句意：他努力想通过考试，但最后失败了。 11.【答案】B 【解析】固定句型 find it + adj. + to do sth，it是形式宾语，真正宾语是后面不定式to do。 12.【答案】A 【解析】risk doing sth 冒险做某事；don’t后接动词原形risk。 13.【答案】A 【解析】be recognized as 被公认为……，被动语态。句意：这个女孩在我们学校被公认为天才歌手。 14.【答案】A 【解析】so + adj./adv. + that… 如此……以至于；so修饰形容词tired；such后接名词短语；too…to太……而不能。 15.【答案】B 【解析】see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事；when I passed by 表示路过那一刻动作正在发生。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1.He is ________ (care) and often makes mistakes. 2.The story is full of ________ (imagine). 3.His good behaviour ________ (impress) us last term. 4.I ________ (suppose) he is right, but I’m not sure. 5.You should make a quick ________ (decide). 6.He ________ (stick) the picture on the wall yesterday. 7.I regret ________ (not take) your advice. 8.He has rich ________ (experience) in teaching. 9.The movie ________ (inspire) many young people so far. 10.We are ________ (satisfy) with our new life. 11.He is ________ (tire) of doing the same work every day. 12.The boy is ________ (interest) in painting. 13.She ________ (remind) me to lock the door just now. 14.________ (compare) with last year, he has made great progress. 15.I wonder ________ (know) the truth. 【答案】1.careless 2.imagination 3.impressed 4.suppose 5.decision 6.stuck 7.not taking 8.experience 9.has inspired 10.satisfied 11.tired 12.interested 13.reminded 14.Compared 15.to know 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.你能给我解释这个问题吗？ Can you ____________ this problem to me? 2.我们应该注意课堂上的听讲。 We should ____________ listening in class. 3.他没有提到他的家庭。 He didn’t ____________ his family. 4.这两个男孩都不喜欢打篮球。 ____________ of the two boys ____________ playing basketball. 5.我认为他会取得成功。 I ____________ he will ____________. 6.你最好仔细考虑这个建议。 You’d better ____________ the suggestion carefully. 7.他尽力完成这项艰难的任务。 He ____________ finish the difficult task. 8.我发现学好英语很难。 I ____________ it difficult ____________ English well. 9.不要冒险做这件事。 Don’t ____________ ____________ this thing. 10.他被公认为一名优秀的运动员。 He ____________ ____________ ____________ an excellent player. 11.这个故事如此感人，以至于很多人哭了。 The story is ____________ moving ____________ many people cried. 12.请提醒我明天早点起床。 Please ____________ me ____________ get up early tomorrow. 13.和以前相比，他进步很大。 ____________ ____________ before, he has made great progress. 14.我看见他正在房间里读书。 I saw him ____________ in the room. 15.有志者事竟成。 ____________________________________. 【答案】1.explain 2.pay attention to 3.mention 4.Neither; likes 5.suppose; succeed 6.consider 7.tried to 8.find; to learn 9.risk doing 10.is recognized as 11.so; that 12.remind; to 13.Compared with 14.reading 15.Where there’s a will, there’s a way. 四、句子翻译 1.他是一个有条理的学生。 2.我猜想他会同意我们的计划。 3.他的演讲给我们留下了深刻印象。 4.不要和你的父母争吵。 5.我后悔没有听从你的建议。 6.他冒险去救那个孩子。 7.这首歌曲激励了无数青少年。 8.我对这个结果感到满意。 9.与过去相比，我们的生活更好了。 10.我看见他正在操场上跑步。 【答案】1.He is an organized student. 2.I suppose he will agree with our plan. 3.His speech impressed us deeply. 4.Don’t argue with your parents. 5.I regret not taking your advice. 6.He risked saving the child. 7.This song has inspired lots of teenagers. 8.I am satisfied with the result. 9.Compared with the past, our life is better. 10.I saw him running on the playground. 五、语法填空 阅读短文，用括号内单词适当形式填空，或填合适的词。 My friend Tom is an 1.________ (organize) boy. He 2.________ (suppose) to be good at all subjects. Last term, he 3.________ (impress) our teachers with his good behaviour. He 4.________ (consider) many things before he makes a 5.________ (decide). He doesn’t like to risk 6.________ (do) silly things. He is 7.________ (satisfy) with his life. 8.________ (compare) with other students, he works harder. He often reminds me 9.________ (pay) attention to my study. I believe 10.________ there is a will, there is a way. 1.【答案】organized 【解析】形容词修饰boy；organized有条理的。 2.【答案】is supposed 【解析】be supposed to do 应该做某事，固定搭配。 3.【答案】impressed 【解析】last term过去时间，动词用过去式。 4.【答案】considers 【解析】主语he，一般现在时，动词三单。 5.【答案】decision 【解析】make a decision 做决定，a后接名词。 6.【答案】doing 【解析】risk doing sth 冒险做某事。 7.【答案】satisfied 【解析】be satisfied with 对……满意。 8.【答案】Compared 【解析】compared with 与……相比，固定非谓语。 9.【答案】to pay 【解析】remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事。 10.【答案】Where 【解析】Where there’s a will, there’s a way. 有志者事竟成。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $