专题06 阅读表达考点归纳及专项训练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上学期期中复习精讲精练（新教材人教版）

专题06 阅读表达考点归纳及专项训练 题型解读 1.文体特征：语篇通常以300~500词的记叙文、说明文为主，涉及话题多样，涵盖故事类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类等。 2.设问形式：以特殊疑问句为主，要求学生从文章中提取具体信息进行回答或谈一谈对文章中涉及的某一事件的看法。 命题规律 问题类型 常见设问形式 答题重点 细节类（提取具体信息） What...? 名词/动词不定式/整个句子 Who...? 人物 When...? 介词+时间/无介词的时间 Where...? 介词+地点 How many...? 数字 How long...? for+时间段/（物体）具体长度 How often...? 表示频率的词组 Why...? Because.../To do... How...? By （doing）.../完整句子 猜测词义类（结合上下文推断词义） What does the underlined word “...” refer to in Paragraph...? 含义/意思 观点态度类/感受想法类（判断作者立场；总结自己的感受） What does the author/do you think of...? What can we/you learn from...? The author thinks/I think that... We/I can learn that... 主旨类（概括段落或全文主旨） What is the main idea/purpose of...? To+（动词）.../合适的标题 解题步骤 Step 1 略读文章知大意：快速浏览文章，了解文章的结构和大意。 Step 2 精准定位信息： （1）圈题干关键词：采用“寻读定位法”，圈出题干中的特殊疑问词（What/Why/...）和主题词。 （2）回文扫读定位：按段落顺序锁定含关键词的句子，注意可能出现同义替换（如goal替换purpose）。 Step 3 组织语言作答：根据题干要求，从文章中提取并整理信息，组织语言进行作答，需注意句式转换、人称转换、谓语动词形式调整等变化，还应注意回答的完整性和准确性。 三大原则 简洁性：用短语或短句回答，避免用过于复杂的句式（如应将“The article mentions that planting trees can improve air quality.”简化为“Planting trees can improve air quality.”）。 完整性：在答案简洁的基础上，要注意结构的完整（如避免遗漏具体的时间、状语中的介词等）。 准确性：确保所答内容的时态、语态及单复数正确；如涉及专有名词、数词等，注意与原文的一致性。 Step 4 仔细检查答案：完成作答后，再次检查答案是否准确，是否符合题目要求，拼写及语法是否正确。 陷阱及规避方法 陷阱类型 典型表现 规避方法 定位偏差 因关键词同义替换导致误找信息 关注限定词，确保答案准确性 信息遗漏 忽略修饰词（如only/mainly/about/...） 关注限定词，确保答案完整性 答非所问 未区分问题类型 认真审题，圈出题干关键词 过度引申 脱离文本添加个人观点 严格依据原文，避免“我认为……”（除开放性试题外） 语法错误 时态错误或主谓不一致 标注时态并检查主谓一致性 词数超限 答案冗长超出题目要求 优先使用名词短语或动宾结构 细节题 ①直接信息题 解答这类题目可以根据题干关键内容到文中定位，找到对应信息。题干关键内容一般包括：特殊疑问词、提问对象、关键事件等。回答时注意词数限制、句首单词首字母是否大写及句尾标点等。 例1 [2024广东节选]Reading a good book is a wonderful journey because the reader can live in someone else's world for a while. Reading together with others, known as buddy（同伴） reading, will make this journey even more fantastic. During the journey, the buddies spend time doing a lot of reading activities. This not only adds to the pleasure of reading, but also deepens their understanding of the books. 问：What is buddy reading? ②信息转换题 解答此类题目需要根据题干中的人称、时态等信息转换原文内容。 注意 对于why开头的提问，回答可以用动词不定式说明目的，也可以用because开头，说明原因。 例1 2024北京节选 Recently, I started to use an app to keep a record of my running. Each run I wanted to go a little farther, run a little faster and burn more calories（卡路里）. Last night I finished an 8.3 km run in 46 minutes and burnt 468 calories. 问：Why did the writer start to use the app? 开放题 ①简要表达自己的观点（Yes./No./I think...）。 ②借用原文内容或结合自身实际阐述理由，体现核心素养。 ③答题结束后，检查拼写、语法和句首单词首字母是否大写，注意词数限制和要点数量。 解题提示 对于做法类的开放题，学生能做的事有：了解……的更多知识（learn more knowledge about...）;通过……方式让人们了解……的重要性（let people know the importance of...by...）；提高我们的……意识（raise our awareness of...）；从我们身边的小事做起（start with small things around us）等。 例2 [2024江苏扬州节选]A total of 23 spotted seals（斑海豹） were put back into the waters off the coast of Dalian... The seals were hunted and sold, but have now been saved and marked for future protection. ... Spotted seals are nationally protected animals in China. They are the only kind of seals that can breed（繁殖） in Chinese waters. 问：As a student, what can you do to protect wildlife? 主旨大意题/标题归纳题 文章/段落的主旨句通常出现在首段/句或尾段/句，可借助找主题句的方式明确文章/段落大意；有时文章/段落围绕一个单词展开，因此还需要关注主题词。 例4 [2024山东烟台节选]［5］Citywalk not only offers a way for young people to explore a city but also provides them with a new social situation, where they can share their interests and ideas and make friends easily. What's more, Citywalk provides an opportunity for tour guides and travel companies to offer a more professional service to meet the ever-changing market requirements. 问：What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? （no more than 6 words） 代词指代题 该题型与阅读理解中的代词指代题相似，做题方法也类似：结合代词所在句和上句找指代内容；注意代词的单复数。 例5 [2024江苏扬州节选]To protect this rare animal and its ecological environment, the Liaoning Dalian Spotted Seal Wetlands were set up in 1992. In January 2002, they were included in the List of Wetlands of International Importance. 问：What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 5 refer to（指的是）? 翻译题 做题时需要分析句子结构，不丢落信息；同时注意语序调整，符合中文表达习惯。 方法应用 体裁：说明文主题：人与社会———中国国粹“京剧” Peking Opera,also called Jingju,listed by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity,is the most important one among hundreds of forms of local operas in China.It arose in the late 18th century and has a history of more than two hundred years. Peking Opera which combines singing,dancing,acrobatics and martial arts,is sung and recited using Beijing dialect.The music of Peking Opera plays a key role in setting the pace of the show,creating a particular atmosphere,shaping the characters,and guiding the progress of the stories. The art form has spread to many other countries and is enjoyed all around the world.Many children in China receive training in Peking Opera classes or practise Peking Opera.However,some artists still worry that Peking Opera is challenged by new forms of entertainment,like many traditional art forms.They are trying to do something for Peking Opera. Tao Qingmei,a traditional arts scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,co-wrote the book The Marvelous Game with Guo Baochang.Guo,a film director,is a Peking Opera fan who has loved Jingju since he was a kid.It has been his long time wish to write a book on Peking Opera. The boy on the new book cover is Guo Baochang's grandson.Guo and his grandson are playing a game by dressing up in roles from the classic Peking Opera piece,Shuang Bei Deng,which is a comedy.Tao and Guo spent years writing the book because they wanted to make it easy and fun for everyone.They hope young people will get to know more about Peking Opera and fall in love with it. Peking Opera is regarded as an expression of the aesthetic ideal of opera in the traditional Chinese society and remains a widely recognized element of the country's cultural heritage.The stories performed in Peking Opera are often based on Chinese history,folklore and literary classics.They bring us a colourful world. 1．How long is the history of Peking Opera? ___________________________________________________________________ 2．Who wrote the book The Marvelous Game? ___________________________________________________________________ 3．Which Peking Opera piece is on the cover of the book? ___________________________________________________________________ 4．What problem is Peking Opera facing? ___________________________________________________________________ 5．What do you plan to do for traditional arts after reading this article?（请自拟一句话作答） ___________________________________________________________________ 解题步骤： Step 1略读文章知大意 文章大意：本文主要介绍了京剧的相关信息。 Steps 2&3精准定位信息，组织语言作答 任务：基于题干中的线索并运用解题技巧，提取关键信息。 1.定位关键词：题干中的关键词“______”对应第____段中的has a history of more than two hundred years。 提取信息：直接提取时间____________________________，注意时态（应用________）。 规范表达：用完整句回答，避免仅写数字。 答案：__________________________________________________ 2.定位关键词：题干中的书名“__________________”对应第____段中的“Tao Qingmei...co-wrote the book...with Guo Baochang.”。 提取信息：提取人名，注意“co-wrote”表示____（含义）。 语言规范：人名用____连接，且姓和名分开写，首字母均大写。 答案：______________________________ 3.定位关键词：题干中的“__________________”对应第____段中的“the classic Peking Opera piece,Shuang Bei Deng”。 识别专有名词：注意书名斜体和首字母大写。 简洁作答：直接引用原文名称。 答案：________________ 4.定位关键词：题干中的“______”对应第____段中的“Peking Opera is challenged by new forms of entertainment”。 代词替换：将Peking Opera转化为代词或直接引用。 答案：________________________________________________ 5.结合文本：参考文中提到的京剧推广措施（如写书推广、少儿培训），再结合自己的思考。 个人行动：提出具体可行方案（学习、宣传、创作等）。 答案：_________________________________________________________________________ Step 4仔细检查答案 完成作答后，再次检查答案是否准确，是否符合题目要求，拼写及语法是否正确。通读复查，杜绝疏漏。 确。通读复查，杜绝疏漏。 专项训练 1.（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·期中）第1-3小题答案不超过10个单词，第4小题答案不限字数。 In the big cities with many chances, some young people are now looking at China’s countryside for their dreams. Ren Yin, a 27-year-old young woman from Hongcun village in Hangzhou, is one of them. In 2017, China introduced the rural vitalization strategy (乡村振兴战略). It helps businesses, offers nice places to live and builds community spirit, making life better for people in the countryside. Ren wanted to have her own cafe and help her country. In 2022, she started a cafe in her village, just one year after she left her teaching job. Her parents weren’t on her side at the beginning. They thought her talents might not be used well. But Ren chose to follow her heart, saying that’s what her generation (一辈) does. Growing up after China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放) and the one-child policy (政策), Ren and others of her age are very independent (独立的). They know they want to follow their dreams, said China Youth Daily. However, starting a cafe is not easy. Ren is thankful for the support from the villagers who helped her find a place for her cafe and improved the roads. To attract (吸引) more people, she designed her cafe to look different, with a special shape and special drinks like mountain walnut-flavored lattes (山核桃味拿铁). But Ren knows it’s hard to keep her business going. So she hopes that when the nearby Jingshan Temple becomes a place of interest, it will help her cafe and other businesses in the area. Despite (尽管) the challenges, Ren doesn’t regret (后悔) moving back to the countryside. “I think many countryside areas in China are like hidden treasures waiting to be found,” she said. 1．In which year did Ren Yin leave her teaching job? 2．Why didn’t Ren Yin’s parents support her decision at first? 3．How did the people in the village support her? 4．What can you learn from Ren Yin’s story? 2.（25-26九年级上·黑龙江绥化·阶段检测）Shanghai-born novelist Lu Shi’e wrote a fantasy novel called New China in 1910. In the book, he described a dream where trains were running underground, an iron bridge crossed the Huangpu River and Shanghai hosted a successful World Exposition in the underdeveloped Pudong area at that time. The blueprint (蓝图) described in the novel became real exactly after 100 years. On May 1, 2010, the World Exposition, with 158 years of history, drew back its curtain from Shanghai. According to a source at the Organizing Committee (组织委员会) of the World Exposition 2010 Shanghai, it is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors, making it the most popular exposition in history. It is also the first time the World Exposition is held in a developing country. About 600 years ago, Shanghai was just a small fishing village in China’s eastern coastal area. It grew into a commercial (商业的) city thanks to its prosperous (繁荣的) port and over the course of 100 years, Shanghai became among the first Chinese cities to open its doors to the world. Along the way, it became the economic and commercial hub of China. Today, Shanghai is developing into an international metropolis (大都会). 阅读短文，回答下面的问题。 1．Was the novelist Lu Shi’e born in Shanghai? 2．When did the blueprint become real? 3．How many visitors will Shanghai Exposition attract according to the source? 4．What was Shanghai like about 600 years ago? 5．What’s the passage mainly about? 2.（25-26九年级上·吉林长春·期中） Chen-Ning Yang, a world-renowned physicist, Nobel laureate and academician(院士) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, passed away because of illness on October 18, 2025, in Beijing. He was 103 years old. Tsinghua University, where he had worked for a long time, released (发布) his life story shortly after the sad news. Born in Hefei in 1922, Yang was one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. He received excellent education and later pursued (追求) further study abroad. In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics together with Tsung-Dao Lee for their discovery of parity nonconservation (宇称不守恒) in weak interactions (相互作用). His most influential work, the Yang-Mills gauge theory, was widely praised by the academic (学术的) circle. After returning to China, Yang served as a professor at Tsinghua University. He devoted (投身) himself to training young scientists, often sharing his academic experience with students. He also made great efforts to promote (促进) international academic exchanges, building bridges between Chinese and foreign physics circles. Yang’s love for science and his motherland deeply inspired millions of people. Upon hearing his passing, people from all walks of life felt sad and expressed their sorrow(悲伤). He will always be remembered as a great scientist who made outstanding contributions(贡献) to both global physics development and China’s scientific cause. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When did Yang pass away? 2．Where was Yang born? 3．Did Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957 alone? 4．How did people feel after hearing Yang’s death? 5．Which field(领域) did Yang make outstanding contributions to? 3.（25-26九年级上·重庆·阶段检测）Ye Shengtao was a great Chinese educator, writer and publisher (出版者). He was born in 1894 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Ye had a great influence (影响) on modern Chinese education. After leaving Grassbridge Middle School in 1911, Ye began to teach at a primary school in his hometown and later at a school in Shanghai. At that time, his students spent most of their time copying long texts without understanding their meanings. Ye thought that was not quite good. He believed education was not simply about getting knowledge. Then he began to use a new teaching way. He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn. As a famous modern fairy tale (童话) writer, Ye Shengtao has left lots of great works for Chinese children. In 1921, he finished his first fairy tale Little White Boat. This, along with the other 22 fairy tales, made up the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow, which came out in 1923. Now, the book is still widely popular among children. Ye’s fairy tales are not hard to understand for children. Moreover, children can learn about the world from them and think more about life. During his lifetime, Ye also worked hard at editing (编辑) and publishing. He tried his best to popularize vernacular Chinese (白话文) and help develop Pinyin, which helped the development of the modern Chinese language. As an editor, he discovered and encouraged many young talents, such as Ba Jin and Ding Ling, who later became famous writers too. Ye Shengtao died in 1988, but his ideas and works continue to shine today. 1．Was Ye Shengtao once a teacher? 2．How was Ye’s teaching way different from the traditional way? 3．What are Ye’s main achievements in Chinese literature (文学) according to the passage? 4．What do you think of Ye’s teaching way? Please explain. (about 30 words) 4.（25-26九年级上·山东聊城·期中）Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. He is known as “the father of China’s space program” and “the king of the rocket”. When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for further study. After graduation, he worked in America for a few years, where his working conditions were better. In the early 1950s, he heard New China had been founded (成立) and decided not to stay in America any longer. He succeeded in coming back to his motherland in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested setting up a special organization, which later became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel programs. In June 1964, China successfully created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important role in developing China’s first man-made satellite (卫星). On April 24, 1970, “Dongfanghong-1” was successfully sent into the air. In 1964, a young man wrote Qian Xuesen a letter and pointed out a mistake in his published article. Qian immediately answered the letter and encouraged the young man to write an article about the mistake. Zhu Yilin, who was said to be the last student of Qian Xuesen, once said, “I learned a lot of professional knowledge as well as the spirit and attitude that a scientist should have from Mr Qian, especially his deep love for the motherland. Without that, he couldn’t have helped to develop science and technology when New China was badly in need of scientists for its development. Without that, he would not have made the great contribution (贡献) to rocket industry in the late 1950s and early 1960s when conditions in China were too hard.” Mr Qian has been dead for more than ten years, but he will live in the memory of Chinese people forever. 1．Why did Qian Xuesen go to America when he was young? 2．When was China’s first medium rocket created? 3．In Zhu Yilin’s opinion, what made Qian Xuesen work hard for his motherland? 4．What did New China need at that time? 5．Has Mr Qian been dead for more than ten years? 5．最后一段明确写道：“Mr Qian has been dead for more than ten years, but he will live in the memory of Chinese people forever.”，因此答案是肯定的。 5.（25-26九年级上·山东聊城·期中）Poems from Tang and Song Dynasties, operas from Yuan Dynasty, and novels from Ming and Qing Dynasties are very famous in China’s history. Today, I’d like to recommend Song of Autumn, one of the poems by Liu Yuxi (772—842), a famous poet and writer in the mid-Tang Dynasty. Just as shown in the first line of the poem, most ancient poets liked to describe autumn as a sad time, but in this poem the season appears differently. In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full of life and hope, is even better than spring morning. He describes the bright scene of a crane (鹤) riding the clouds and flying into the blue sky. His poems pay special attention to expressing personal feelings, as well as the daily life of common people. Though being translated thoughtfully by experienced translator Xu Yuanchong, the poem still reads not so beautifully as that in Chinese. I personally think that English is sometimes not so powerful as Chinese. Here is another example. In Liu’s essay A Eulogy on a Humble Cell (《陋室铭》), with less than 100 words, he shows a lively picture of his humble cell. However, it also shows how he was pleased with the poor and simple life. People may find it strange that one can feel happy living in such a humble cell. Learning from his famous sentence, “be fragrant because of my virtues (斯是陋室，惟吾德馨)”, I think to be a respectable (值得尊敬的) man is more important than to live in big houses, to wear beautiful clothes, to enjoy delicious food, and even to get knowledge. 1．Which dynasty was Liu Yuxi from? 2．What did most ancient poets usually describe autumn as in their poems? 3．Who translated the poem “Song of Autumn” mentioned in the passage? 4．How many words does Liu Yuxi’s essay “A Eulogy on a Humble Cell” have? 5．What does Liu Yuxi show through “A Eulogy on a Humble Cell” besides the picture of his humble cell? 6.（25-26九年级上·辽宁朝阳·期中）阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 Everyone knows that there are four skills in learning a language. They are listening, speaking, reading and writing. People usually think speaking is the most important. However, what’s the answer to the following questions? What do you have to do before you can speak? What does a child learn before he talks? What do we do before chatting? The answer is listening, of course! In English learning, we don’t pay enough attention to listening. We have one mouth but two ears! So we should listen twice as much as we speak. Have you ever asked yourself, “How did I learn my own language?” In fact, you never really learned it at all—you just started speaking it. But this speaking is the result of hearing your native language for two or three years. Words go into your head and then they come out of your head. That is why listening to English as much as possible is so important to you now. The more English you put in, the more you’ll get out! There are two pieces of advice about improving your listening. The first is that you shouldn’t worry if you don’t understand every word. The second is to be a good listener. To be a good listener, you should face the speaker, look at the speaker and let him or her know you are listening. 1．How many skills are there in learning a language? 2．What is the most important skill in learning a language according to the writer? 3．Why is listening to English as much as possible important to us? 4．Do you think you are a good language learner? What learning habits do you think are useful? Write 30 words or more. 7.（25-26九年级上·河北石家庄·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Do you find it easy to understand English but hard to speak it out? In fact, there are two kinds of language skills: passive (被动的) and active skills. Passive skills are about understanding a language. Active skills are about using the language. At school, you can learn many passive skills through reading and listening activities. But to learn a language well, you need to practice active skills too! However, active skills do not come naturally. You need to do a lot of practice to improve. Here are some useful ways to develop your active skills. Write more and speak more. You can start by writing short sentences or diaries. And try to talk to real people more. If nobody is free, you can talk to yourself by describing things that happened in your life. Think less about the rules. While you learn a language, you learn many rules. You may think that you need to learn these rules well so you can start to speak. But language is not a hard science. It is about showing your ideas and understanding others. When you speak the language, try to care more about the idea itself and less about the language rules. Find a language group. Speaking with native speakers (母语使用者) may make you feel nervous. You can join a language club or group. You can meet new people, practice speaking and learn from others. Remember, learning a language takes time and practice. Don’t be afraid to speak out, and have fun while learning! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll learn the language well! 1．What are the two kinds of language skills? 2．How can you practice passive skills at school? 3．What can you do if there is no one to talk to when improving speaking skills? 4．What should you think less about when speaking a language? 5．How do you like the idea of joining a language group to learn a language? Why? 8.（25-26九年级上·广西防城港·期中）I’m Mike Trent, a businessman from the United States. I have lived in China for more than seven years. Like many foreigners, I only knew two words of Chinese (“hello” and “thank you”) when I came to China in 2009. As you can probably guess, my life was difficult for a while after I arrived. Simple tasks like ordering food or taking a taxi were quite difficult for me. I knew I had to learn more Chinese, so I signed up for a class. My teacher was very helpful, although I didn’t learn enough to have a real conversation. Later I studied on my own as well, but my progress was still slow. I became very frustrated (沮丧的). Finally, I found that the best way to learn Chinese is to make friends with native (本土的) speakers and spend time with them. Around this time, I started playing in a band with a Chinese woman who became one of my best friends in Beijing. I learned a lot of Chinese by hanging out with her. For example, she taught me a lot of words about music, such as “melody (旋律)”. She learned a lot of English from me in return, so it was a good way to exchange language and culture. She is still one of my best friends and we talk to each other nearly every day. Now I’ve learned enough Chinese to take care of complex (复杂的) tasks, such as booking train tickets and negotiating (谈判) with my business partners. 根据语篇内容, 按要求回答问题。 1．Where is Mike Trent from? 2．When did Mike Trent come to China? 3．How did Mike Trent feel when he found his progress in Chinese was still slow? 4．According to Mike Trent, what is the best way to learn Chinese? 5．In your opinion, how can we learn Chinese? (列举一个方法) 9.（26-27九年级上·辽宁·单元测试）阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 Researchers found memory champions aren’t unique. Ordinary people can improve memory using the “mind palace” method, Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon (武器). To use it, picture a familiar place like your living room. Remember its details to build your palace. To memorize a shopping list, mentally place each item in specific spots within this room. Recall the list by mentally walking through these spots. Researchers studied 51 volunteers with average memory. After 40 days of 30-minute daily training, they doubled their word recall. Four months later, performance remained high without further training. “Once learned, you keep good memory without much extra training,” said Professor Martin Dresler. Brain scans showed that after training, volunteers’ brain cell connections resembled (与……相似) those of memory champions. This structural change likely caused the improvement. Crucially (至关重要地), the study suggests superior memory isn’t genetic. Dresler found no brain structure differences between champions and ordinary people, meaning champions aren’t born with special brains. 1．What is the secret weapon of the novel character Sherlock Holmes? 2．How many volunteers did researchers get together to research the influence of this method on the brain? 3．When did the connecting way of the volunteers’ brain cells begin to be like that of the memory champions? 4．The “mind palace” method sounds interesting. If you want to try it to memorize something (like English words or a speech), how would you build your own “mind palace”? Write 30 words or more. 10.（26-27九年级上·全国·单元测试）Researchers found memory champions aren’t unique. Average people can improve memory using the “mind palace” method, Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon (武器). To use it, picture a familiar place like your living room. Remember its details to build your palace. To memorize a shopping list, mentally place each item in specific spots within this room. Recall the list by mentally walking through these spots. Researchers studied 51 volunteers with average memory. After 40 days of 30-minute daily training, they doubled their word recall. Four months later, performance remained high without further training. “Once learned, you keep good memory without much extra training,” said Professor Martin Dresler. Brain scans showed that after training, volunteers’ brain cell connections resembled (与……相似) those of memory champions. This structural change likely caused the improvement. Crucially (至关重要地), the study suggests superior memory isn’t genetic. Dresler found no brain structure differences between champions and ordinary people, meaning champions aren’t born with special brains. 根据语篇内容回答问题。1-4题，每题答案不超过6个词；5题答案不超过10个词。 1．What is Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon? 2．What place should you picture first? 3．How many volunteers joined the research? 4．When did brain connections resemble champions’? 5．Can you apply the mind palace in daily life? Give your reason. 11.（26-27九年级上·广西·课后作业）It’s the day before an exam, and you haven’t studied for it. As a result, you spend hours reading your textbook and going over your notes at night. This learning way is called “cramming (临时抱佛脚)”—trying to learn everything at the last minute. Dr. Robert Bjork, a psychologist (心理学家), explains that cramming works only for short-term memory. “You remember just enough for an easy exam,” he says, “and you quickly forget most of what you ‘learned’ that night.” This is especially bad for subjects like maths or languages. If you forget the basic knowledge, it will be much harder to understand new lessons later. What are better learning ways? A study shows that two ways—spaced-out learning (间隔学习) and interleaving (交叉学习)—are much more helpful than cramming. Spaced-out learning means studying the same thing several times with breaks. For example, instead of studying history for three hours the night before a test, you can study for one hour on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. This improves long-term memory. A study found that 90% of students remembered more by spaced-out learning than cramming. Interleaving is also a smart learning way. This means trying to learn different things every time you study. For example, you can spend 30 minutes on maths, practise English for 20 minutes, and then write a short article. After that, go back to maths. Then you can remember the information better and for a longer time. Next time you have an exam, start studying early, space out study time, and mix up subjects. Remember: studying wisely is better than studying hard at the last minute. 1．How many learning ways does the passage talk about in total? 2．What does Dr. Robert Bjork think of cramming? 3．What does spaced-out learning mean? 4．What is the main idea of the passage? 5．Which learning way do you prefer? Why? (不超过15个词) 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读表达考点归纳及专项训练 题型解读 1.文体特征：语篇通常以300~500词的记叙文、说明文为主，涉及话题多样，涵盖故事类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类等。 2.设问形式：以特殊疑问句为主，要求学生从文章中提取具体信息进行回答或谈一谈对文章中涉及的某一事件的看法。 命题规律 问题类型 常见设问形式 答题重点 细节类（提取具体信息） What...? 名词/动词不定式/整个句子 Who...? 人物 When...? 介词+时间/无介词的时间 Where...? 介词+地点 How many...? 数字 How long...? for+时间段/（物体）具体长度 How often...? 表示频率的词组 Why...? Because.../To do... How...? By （doing）.../完整句子 猜测词义类（结合上下文推断词义） What does the underlined word “...” refer to in Paragraph...? 含义/意思 观点态度类/感受想法类（判断作者立场；总结自己的感受） What does the author/do you think of...? What can we/you learn from...? The author thinks/I think that... We/I can learn that... 主旨类（概括段落或全文主旨） What is the main idea/purpose of...? To+（动词）.../合适的标题 解题步骤 Step 1 略读文章知大意：快速浏览文章，了解文章的结构和大意。 Step 2 精准定位信息： （1）圈题干关键词：采用“寻读定位法”，圈出题干中的特殊疑问词（What/Why/...）和主题词。 （2）回文扫读定位：按段落顺序锁定含关键词的句子，注意可能出现同义替换（如goal替换purpose）。 Step 3 组织语言作答：根据题干要求，从文章中提取并整理信息，组织语言进行作答，需注意句式转换、人称转换、谓语动词形式调整等变化，还应注意回答的完整性和准确性。 三大原则 简洁性：用短语或短句回答，避免用过于复杂的句式（如应将“The article mentions that planting trees can improve air quality.”简化为“Planting trees can improve air quality.”）。 完整性：在答案简洁的基础上，要注意结构的完整（如避免遗漏具体的时间、状语中的介词等）。 准确性：确保所答内容的时态、语态及单复数正确；如涉及专有名词、数词等，注意与原文的一致性。 Step 4 仔细检查答案：完成作答后，再次检查答案是否准确，是否符合题目要求，拼写及语法是否正确。 陷阱及规避方法 陷阱类型 典型表现 规避方法 定位偏差 因关键词同义替换导致误找信息 关注限定词，确保答案准确性 信息遗漏 忽略修饰词（如only/mainly/about/...） 关注限定词，确保答案完整性 答非所问 未区分问题类型 认真审题，圈出题干关键词 过度引申 脱离文本添加个人观点 严格依据原文，避免“我认为……”（除开放性试题外） 语法错误 时态错误或主谓不一致 标注时态并检查主谓一致性 词数超限 答案冗长超出题目要求 优先使用名词短语或动宾结构 细节题 ①直接信息题 解答这类题目可以根据题干关键内容到文中定位，找到对应信息。题干关键内容一般包括：特殊疑问词、提问对象、关键事件等。回答时注意词数限制、句首单词首字母是否大写及句尾标点等。 例1 [2024广东节选]Reading a good book is a wonderful journey because the reader can live in someone else's world for a while. Reading together with others, known as buddy（同伴） reading, will make this journey even more fantastic. During the journey, the buddies spend time doing a lot of reading activities. This not only adds to the pleasure of reading, but also deepens their understanding of the books. 问：What is buddy reading? [答案]Reading together with others.或Reading together with others is （known as） buddy reading. [解析]由题干可知该句要求解释名词；由关键词buddy reading可定位到所给段第二句，因此可直接得出答案：Reading together with others.或Reading together with others is （known as） buddy reading. ②信息转换题 解答此类题目需要根据题干中的人称、时态等信息转换原文内容。 注意 对于why开头的提问，回答可以用动词不定式说明目的，也可以用because开头，说明原因。 例1 2024北京节选 Recently, I started to use an app to keep a record of my running. Each run I wanted to go a little farther, run a little faster and burn more calories（卡路里）. Last night I finished an 8.3 km run in 46 minutes and burnt 468 calories. 问：Why did the writer start to use the app? [答案]To keep a record of his running. [解析]该题通过题干关键信息可定位到所给段第一句，但题干人称与原文不同，需要转换。结合图片可知作者为男孩，因此可知答案。答案：To keep a record of his running. 开放题 ①简要表达自己的观点（Yes./No./I think...）。 ②借用原文内容或结合自身实际阐述理由，体现核心素养。 ③答题结束后，检查拼写、语法和句首单词首字母是否大写，注意词数限制和要点数量。 解题提示 对于做法类的开放题，学生能做的事有：了解……的更多知识（learn more knowledge about...）;通过……方式让人们了解……的重要性（let people know the importance of...by...）；提高我们的……意识（raise our awareness of...）；从我们身边的小事做起（start with small things around us）等。 例2 [2024江苏扬州节选]A total of 23 spotted seals（斑海豹） were put back into the waters off the coast of Dalian... The seals were hunted and sold, but have now been saved and marked for future protection. ... Spotted seals are nationally protected animals in China. They are the only kind of seals that can breed（繁殖） in Chinese waters. 问：As a student, what can you do to protect wildlife? [答案]答案不唯一，如：As a student, I can learn more about wildlife and draw posters to tell people the importance of protecting wildlife./I will ask people around me not to hunt or sell wildlife. [解析]结合文中画线内容可以有一些思路。答案不唯一，如：As a student, I can learn more about wildlife and draw posters to tell people the importance of protecting wildlife./I will ask people around me not to hunt or sell wildlife. 主旨大意题/标题归纳题 文章/段落的主旨句通常出现在首段/句或尾段/句，可借助找主题句的方式明确文章/段落大意；有时文章/段落围绕一个单词展开，因此还需要关注主题词。 例4 [2024山东烟台节选]［5］Citywalk not only offers a way for young people to explore a city but also provides them with a new social situation, where they can share their interests and ideas and make friends easily. What's more, Citywalk provides an opportunity for tour guides and travel companies to offer a more professional service to meet the ever-changing market requirements. 问：What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? （no more than 6 words） [答案]The positive impact of Citywalk. [解析]该段的主题词是“Citywalk（城市漫步）”，由画线内容可知，该段说明的是“城市漫步”的益处或积极影响。词数限制在6个词以内，所以答案可写作：The positive impact of Citywalk. 代词指代题 该题型与阅读理解中的代词指代题相似，做题方法也类似：结合代词所在句和上句找指代内容；注意代词的单复数。 例5 [2024江苏扬州节选]To protect this rare animal and its ecological environment, the Liaoning Dalian Spotted Seal Wetlands were set up in 1992. In January 2002, they were included in the List of Wetlands of International Importance. 问：What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 5 refer to（指的是）? [答案]The Liaoning Dalian Spotted Seal Wetlands. [解析]题干中的they指代上句中提到的复数内容，故可知答案。答案：The Liaoning Dalian Spotted Seal Wetlands. 翻译题 做题时需要分析句子结构，不丢落信息；同时注意语序调整，符合中文表达习惯。 方法应用 体裁：说明文主题：人与社会———中国国粹“京剧” Peking Opera,also called Jingju,listed by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity,is the most important one among hundreds of forms of local operas in China.It arose in the late 18th century and has a history of more than two hundred years. Peking Opera which combines singing,dancing,acrobatics and martial arts,is sung and recited using Beijing dialect.The music of Peking Opera plays a key role in setting the pace of the show,creating a particular atmosphere,shaping the characters,and guiding the progress of the stories. The art form has spread to many other countries and is enjoyed all around the world.Many children in China receive training in Peking Opera classes or practise Peking Opera.However,some artists still worry that Peking Opera is challenged by new forms of entertainment,like many traditional art forms.They are trying to do something for Peking Opera. Tao Qingmei,a traditional arts scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,co-wrote the book The Marvelous Game with Guo Baochang.Guo,a film director,is a Peking Opera fan who has loved Jingju since he was a kid.It has been his long time wish to write a book on Peking Opera. The boy on the new book cover is Guo Baochang's grandson.Guo and his grandson are playing a game by dressing up in roles from the classic Peking Opera piece,Shuang Bei Deng,which is a comedy.Tao and Guo spent years writing the book because they wanted to make it easy and fun for everyone.They hope young people will get to know more about Peking Opera and fall in love with it. Peking Opera is regarded as an expression of the aesthetic ideal of opera in the traditional Chinese society and remains a widely recognized element of the country's cultural heritage.The stories performed in Peking Opera are often based on Chinese history,folklore and literary classics.They bring us a colourful world. 1．How long is the history of Peking Opera? ___________________________________________________________________ 2．Who wrote the book The Marvelous Game? ___________________________________________________________________ 3．Which Peking Opera piece is on the cover of the book? ___________________________________________________________________ 4．What problem is Peking Opera facing? ___________________________________________________________________ 5．What do you plan to do for traditional arts after reading this article?（请自拟一句话作答） ___________________________________________________________________ 解题步骤： Step 1略读文章知大意 文章大意：本文主要介绍了京剧的相关信息。 Steps 2&3精准定位信息，组织语言作答 任务：基于题干中的线索并运用解题技巧，提取关键信息。 1.定位关键词：题干中的关键词“______”对应第____段中的has a history of more than two hundred years。 提取信息：直接提取时间____________________________，注意时态（应用________）。 规范表达：用完整句回答，避免仅写数字。 答案：__________________________________________________ 2.定位关键词：题干中的书名“__________________”对应第____段中的“Tao Qingmei...co-wrote the book...with Guo Baochang.”。 提取信息：提取人名，注意“co-wrote”表示____（含义）。 语言规范：人名用____连接，且姓和名分开写，首字母均大写。 答案：______________________________ 3.定位关键词：题干中的“__________________”对应第____段中的“the classic Peking Opera piece,Shuang Bei Deng”。 识别专有名词：注意书名斜体和首字母大写。 简洁作答：直接引用原文名称。 答案：________________ 4.定位关键词：题干中的“______”对应第____段中的“Peking Opera is challenged by new forms of entertainment”。 代词替换：将Peking Opera转化为代词或直接引用。 答案：________________________________________________ 5.结合文本：参考文中提到的京剧推广措施（如写书推广、少儿培训），再结合自己的思考。 个人行动：提出具体可行方案（学习、宣传、创作等）。 答案：_________________________________________________________________________ Step 4仔细检查答案 完成作答后，再次检查答案是否准确，是否符合题目要求，拼写及语法是否正确。通读复查，杜绝疏漏。 确。通读复查，杜绝疏漏。 【答案】history；一；more than two hundred years；一般现在时；It has a history of more than two hundred years.；The Marvelous Game；四；合著；and；Tao Qingmei and Guo Baochang.；Peking Opera piece；五；Shuang Bei Deng.；problem；三；It is challenged by new forms of entertainment.；I plan to learn more about traditional arts and try to spread them.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 专项训练 1.（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·期中）第1-3小题答案不超过10个单词，第4小题答案不限字数。 In the big cities with many chances, some young people are now looking at China’s countryside for their dreams. Ren Yin, a 27-year-old young woman from Hongcun village in Hangzhou, is one of them. In 2017, China introduced the rural vitalization strategy (乡村振兴战略). It helps businesses, offers nice places to live and builds community spirit, making life better for people in the countryside. Ren wanted to have her own cafe and help her country. In 2022, she started a cafe in her village, just one year after she left her teaching job. Her parents weren’t on her side at the beginning. They thought her talents might not be used well. But Ren chose to follow her heart, saying that’s what her generation (一辈) does. Growing up after China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放) and the one-child policy (政策), Ren and others of her age are very independent (独立的). They know they want to follow their dreams, said China Youth Daily. However, starting a cafe is not easy. Ren is thankful for the support from the villagers who helped her find a place for her cafe and improved the roads. To attract (吸引) more people, she designed her cafe to look different, with a special shape and special drinks like mountain walnut-flavored lattes (山核桃味拿铁). But Ren knows it’s hard to keep her business going. So she hopes that when the nearby Jingshan Temple becomes a place of interest, it will help her cafe and other businesses in the area. Despite (尽管) the challenges, Ren doesn’t regret (后悔) moving back to the countryside. “I think many countryside areas in China are like hidden treasures waiting to be found,” she said. 1．In which year did Ren Yin leave her teaching job? 2．Why didn’t Ren Yin’s parents support her decision at first? 3．How did the people in the village support her? 4．What can you learn from Ren Yin’s story? 【答案】1．In 2021. 2．They thought her talents might not be used well. 3．By helping her find a place and improving roads. 4．We should hold on to our dream, never give up the dream easily, try our best to make our dream come true no matter what difficulties we face. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了27岁的任音（Ren Yin）放弃城市工作，回到家乡农村开设咖啡馆，追求梦想并助力乡村振兴的故事。 【详解】1．根据文章第二段“In 2022, she started a cafe in her village, just one year after she left her teaching job.”可知，她辞去教学工作是在2022年的前一年，即2021年。 2．根据文章第三段“They thought her talents might not be used well.”可知，这是父母起初不支持她决定的原因。 3．根据文章第五段“Ren is thankful for the support from the villagers who helped her find a place for her cafe and improved the roads.”可知，村民通过帮她找地方和修路来支持她。 4．本题为开放性试题，言之有理即可。如：根据文章第三段“But Ren chose to follow her heart...”及第七段“Ren doesn’t regret moving back to the countryside.”可知，我们可以学习她勇敢追随梦想、不畏挑战的精神。 2.（25-26九年级上·黑龙江绥化·阶段检测）Shanghai-born novelist Lu Shi’e wrote a fantasy novel called New China in 1910. In the book, he described a dream where trains were running underground, an iron bridge crossed the Huangpu River and Shanghai hosted a successful World Exposition in the underdeveloped Pudong area at that time. The blueprint (蓝图) described in the novel became real exactly after 100 years. On May 1, 2010, the World Exposition, with 158 years of history, drew back its curtain from Shanghai. According to a source at the Organizing Committee (组织委员会) of the World Exposition 2010 Shanghai, it is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors, making it the most popular exposition in history. It is also the first time the World Exposition is held in a developing country. About 600 years ago, Shanghai was just a small fishing village in China’s eastern coastal area. It grew into a commercial (商业的) city thanks to its prosperous (繁荣的) port and over the course of 100 years, Shanghai became among the first Chinese cities to open its doors to the world. Along the way, it became the economic and commercial hub of China. Today, Shanghai is developing into an international metropolis (大都会). 阅读短文，回答下面的问题。 1．Was the novelist Lu Shi’e born in Shanghai? 2．When did the blueprint become real? 3．How many visitors will Shanghai Exposition attract according to the source? 4．What was Shanghai like about 600 years ago? 5．What’s the passage mainly about? 【答案】1．Yes, he was. 2．In 2010. 3．More than 70 million visitors. 4．A small fishing village. 5．Shanghai’s history/development/yesterday and today/change. 【导语】本文介绍了上海从一个小渔村发展成为国际大都市的历程，特别以1910年小说家陆士谔在《新中国》中对上海的预言（地铁、跨江铁桥、浦东世博会）在100年后成为现实为例，展现了上海的百年变迁。 【详解】1．第一段指出“Shanghai-born novelist Lu Shi’e wrote a fantasy novel called New China in 1910.”，小说家陆士谔出生在上海，此处作肯定回答。 2．第一段指出“Shanghai-born novelist Lu Shi’e wrote a fantasy novel called New China in 1910.”和“The blueprint described in the novel became real exactly after 100 years.”，100年后即2010年，蓝图变为现实。 3．第二段指出“it is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors, making it the most popular exposition in history.”，预计将吸引超过7000万游客。 4．第三段指出“About 600 years ago, Shanghai was just a small fishing village in China’s eastern coastal area.”，600年前上海是一个小渔村。 5．本文主要讲述了上海从过去到现在的发展变化，以此总结概括即可，答案不唯一。 2.（25-26九年级上·吉林长春·期中） Chen-Ning Yang, a world-renowned physicist, Nobel laureate and academician(院士) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, passed away because of illness on October 18, 2025, in Beijing. He was 103 years old. Tsinghua University, where he had worked for a long time, released (发布) his life story shortly after the sad news. Born in Hefei in 1922, Yang was one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. He received excellent education and later pursued (追求) further study abroad. In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics together with Tsung-Dao Lee for their discovery of parity nonconservation (宇称不守恒) in weak interactions (相互作用). His most influential work, the Yang-Mills gauge theory, was widely praised by the academic (学术的) circle. After returning to China, Yang served as a professor at Tsinghua University. He devoted (投身) himself to training young scientists, often sharing his academic experience with students. He also made great efforts to promote (促进) international academic exchanges, building bridges between Chinese and foreign physics circles. Yang’s love for science and his motherland deeply inspired millions of people. Upon hearing his passing, people from all walks of life felt sad and expressed their sorrow(悲伤). He will always be remembered as a great scientist who made outstanding contributions(贡献) to both global physics development and China’s scientific cause. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When did Yang pass away? 2．Where was Yang born? 3．Did Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957 alone? 4．How did people feel after hearing Yang’s death? 5．Which field(领域) did Yang make outstanding contributions to? 【答案】1．On October 18, 2025. 2．In Hefei. 3． No, he didn’t. 4．They felt sad. 5．Both global physics development and China’s scientific cause. 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主、中国科学院院士杨振宁。 【详解】1．文章第一段明确写道：“passed away because of illness on October 18, 2025, in Beijing.”，所以是2025年10月18日去世的。 2．文章第二段开头：“Born in Hefei in 1922…” ，所以出生地在合肥 3．文章第二段说：“In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics together with Tsung-Dao Lee...” 因此不是独自获得。 4．文章最后一段：“Upon hearing his passing, people from all walks of life felt sad and expressed their sorrow.”，所以他们感觉伤心。 5．文章最后一句：“He will always be remembered as a great scientist who made outstanding contributions to both global physics development and China’s scientific cause.” 因此主要领域是物理学和中国的科学事业。 3.（25-26九年级上·重庆·阶段检测）Ye Shengtao was a great Chinese educator, writer and publisher (出版者). He was born in 1894 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Ye had a great influence (影响) on modern Chinese education. After leaving Grassbridge Middle School in 1911, Ye began to teach at a primary school in his hometown and later at a school in Shanghai. At that time, his students spent most of their time copying long texts without understanding their meanings. Ye thought that was not quite good. He believed education was not simply about getting knowledge. Then he began to use a new teaching way. He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn. As a famous modern fairy tale (童话) writer, Ye Shengtao has left lots of great works for Chinese children. In 1921, he finished his first fairy tale Little White Boat. This, along with the other 22 fairy tales, made up the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow, which came out in 1923. Now, the book is still widely popular among children. Ye’s fairy tales are not hard to understand for children. Moreover, children can learn about the world from them and think more about life. During his lifetime, Ye also worked hard at editing (编辑) and publishing. He tried his best to popularize vernacular Chinese (白话文) and help develop Pinyin, which helped the development of the modern Chinese language. As an editor, he discovered and encouraged many young talents, such as Ba Jin and Ding Ling, who later became famous writers too. Ye Shengtao died in 1988, but his ideas and works continue to shine today. 1．Was Ye Shengtao once a teacher? 2．How was Ye’s teaching way different from the traditional way? 3．What are Ye’s main achievements in Chinese literature (文学) according to the passage? 4．What do you think of Ye’s teaching way? Please explain. (about 30 words) 【答案】1．Yes, he was. 2．He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn. 3．He wrote lots of great works for Chinese children, such as the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow. 4．I think his teaching way is very great and helpful. This is because teaching students how to learn can help them get the ability to study by themselves, which is useful for their whole life. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国伟大的教育家、作家和出版者叶圣陶的生平事迹，重点讲述了他在教育理念、童话创作以及编辑出版方面的贡献。 【详解】1．根据第二段“Ye began to teach at a primary school in his hometown and later at a school in Shanghai.”可知，叶圣陶曾在小学和上海的一所学校任教，因此他确实曾是一名老师。 2．根据第二段“He taught students how to learn, instead of simply what to learn.”可知，他的教学方式不同于传统方式，因为他教学生如何学习，而不仅仅是教什么内容。 3．根据第三段“Ye Shengtao has left lots of great works for Chinese children…This, along with the other 22 fairy tales, made up the fairy tale collection The Scarecrow…”可知，叶圣陶创作了许多优秀的儿童文学作品，如童话集《稻草人》。 4．开放题，答案不唯一。需结合文中提到的叶圣陶的教学理念（教学生如何学习，培养自主学习能力）来表明观点并给出合理理由。 4.（25-26九年级上·山东聊城·期中）Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. He is known as “the father of China’s space program” and “the king of the rocket”. When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for further study. After graduation, he worked in America for a few years, where his working conditions were better. In the early 1950s, he heard New China had been founded (成立) and decided not to stay in America any longer. He succeeded in coming back to his motherland in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested setting up a special organization, which later became the leading organization for China’s rocket and air travel programs. In June 1964, China successfully created its first medium rocket. Qian also played an important role in developing China’s first man-made satellite (卫星). On April 24, 1970, “Dongfanghong-1” was successfully sent into the air. In 1964, a young man wrote Qian Xuesen a letter and pointed out a mistake in his published article. Qian immediately answered the letter and encouraged the young man to write an article about the mistake. Zhu Yilin, who was said to be the last student of Qian Xuesen, once said, “I learned a lot of professional knowledge as well as the spirit and attitude that a scientist should have from Mr Qian, especially his deep love for the motherland. Without that, he couldn’t have helped to develop science and technology when New China was badly in need of scientists for its development. Without that, he would not have made the great contribution (贡献) to rocket industry in the late 1950s and early 1960s when conditions in China were too hard.” Mr Qian has been dead for more than ten years, but he will live in the memory of Chinese people forever. 1．Why did Qian Xuesen go to America when he was young? 2．When was China’s first medium rocket created? 3．In Zhu Yilin’s opinion, what made Qian Xuesen work hard for his motherland? 4．What did New China need at that time? 5．Has Mr Qian been dead for more than ten years? 【答案】1．For further study./Because Qian went to America for further study. 2．In June 1964. 3．Qian’s deep love for the motherland. 4．New China was badly in need of scientists. 5．Yes./Yes, he has. 【导语】本文介绍了钱学森的生平经历、留学归国历程、为中国航天火箭事业做出的卓越贡献，以及他爱国敬业的科学家精神。 【详解】1．第二段明确指出：“When he was 24 years old, Qian went to America for further study.”，这是钱学森赴美求学的原因，可直接提取作答。 2．第三段中明确写道：“In June 1964, China successfully created its first medium rocket.”，可直接提取时间作答。 3．第五段学生朱一霖的评价中明确提到：“especially his deep love for the motherland. Without that, he couldn’t have helped to develop science and technology...”，是钱学森对祖国深沉的热爱让他为国效力，可直接提取作答。 4．第五段明确指出：“when New China was badly in need of scientists for its development.”，点明了当时新中国急需科研人才，可直接提取作答。 5．最后一段明确写道：“Mr Qian has been dead for more than ten years, but he will live in the memory of Chinese people forever.”，因此答案是肯定的。 5.（25-26九年级上·山东聊城·期中）Poems from Tang and Song Dynasties, operas from Yuan Dynasty, and novels from Ming and Qing Dynasties are very famous in China’s history. Today, I’d like to recommend Song of Autumn, one of the poems by Liu Yuxi (772—842), a famous poet and writer in the mid-Tang Dynasty. Just as shown in the first line of the poem, most ancient poets liked to describe autumn as a sad time, but in this poem the season appears differently. In Liu’s eyes, autumn, full of life and hope, is even better than spring morning. He describes the bright scene of a crane (鹤) riding the clouds and flying into the blue sky. His poems pay special attention to expressing personal feelings, as well as the daily life of common people. Though being translated thoughtfully by experienced translator Xu Yuanchong, the poem still reads not so beautifully as that in Chinese. I personally think that English is sometimes not so powerful as Chinese. Here is another example. In Liu’s essay A Eulogy on a Humble Cell (《陋室铭》), with less than 100 words, he shows a lively picture of his humble cell. However, it also shows how he was pleased with the poor and simple life. People may find it strange that one can feel happy living in such a humble cell. Learning from his famous sentence, “be fragrant because of my virtues (斯是陋室，惟吾德馨)”, I think to be a respectable (值得尊敬的) man is more important than to live in big houses, to wear beautiful clothes, to enjoy delicious food, and even to get knowledge. 1．Which dynasty was Liu Yuxi from? 2．What did most ancient poets usually describe autumn as in their poems? 3．Who translated the poem “Song of Autumn” mentioned in the passage? 4．How many words does Liu Yuxi’s essay “A Eulogy on a Humble Cell” have? 5．What does Liu Yuxi show through “A Eulogy on a Humble Cell” besides the picture of his humble cell? 【答案】1．The Tang Dynasty. 2．A sad time. 3．Xu Yuanchong. 4．Less than 100 words. 5．His pleasure with the poor and simple life. 【导语】本文主要介绍了唐代诗人刘禹锡及其作品《秋词》和《陋室铭》的特点，通过对比传统悲秋情怀和刘禹锡笔下的乐观秋景，展现其诗歌的独特风格和人生哲学。 【详解】1．第一段结尾处“Liu Yuxi (772 — 842), a famous poet and writer in the mid-Tang Dynasty”介绍了刘禹锡是中唐时期著名诗人，因此得出他来自唐朝。 2．第二段提到了“most ancient poets liked to describe autumn as a sad time”，说明多数古代诗人都将秋天描述为悲伤的时节。 3．第三段中“Though being translated thoughtfully by experienced Xu Yuanchong”提到《秋词》是由许渊冲翻译的。 4．由第四段“In Liu’s essay A Eulogy on a Humble Cell (《陋室铭》), with less than 100 words”可知，《陋室铭》全文少于100字。 5．第四段中“he shows a lively picture of his humble cell. However, it also shows how he was pleased with the poor and simple life.”说明《陋室铭》除了展现陋室的景象，还表达了刘禹锡对清贫简单生活的满足。 6.（25-26九年级上·辽宁朝阳·期中）阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 Everyone knows that there are four skills in learning a language. They are listening, speaking, reading and writing. People usually think speaking is the most important. However, what’s the answer to the following questions? What do you have to do before you can speak? What does a child learn before he talks? What do we do before chatting? The answer is listening, of course! In English learning, we don’t pay enough attention to listening. We have one mouth but two ears! So we should listen twice as much as we speak. Have you ever asked yourself, “How did I learn my own language?” In fact, you never really learned it at all—you just started speaking it. But this speaking is the result of hearing your native language for two or three years. Words go into your head and then they come out of your head. That is why listening to English as much as possible is so important to you now. The more English you put in, the more you’ll get out! There are two pieces of advice about improving your listening. The first is that you shouldn’t worry if you don’t understand every word. The second is to be a good listener. To be a good listener, you should face the speaker, look at the speaker and let him or her know you are listening. 1．How many skills are there in learning a language? 2．What is the most important skill in learning a language according to the writer? 3．Why is listening to English as much as possible important to us? 4．Do you think you are a good language learner? What learning habits do you think are useful? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】1．There are four/4 skills./ Four./4. 2．Listening. 3．Because words go into our head and then they come out of our head. 4．Yes, I think I am a good language learner. I keep listening to English every day and read English articles in my free time. I also take notes of new words and try to use them in my daily talk. These habits help me make great progress. (词数不少于30词，表达通顺合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了语言学习中的四项技能，重点强调了听力在语言学习中的重要性，并给出了提高听力的两条建议。 【详解】1．首段明确提到“Everyone knows that there are four skills in learning a language. They are listening, speaking, reading and writing.”，直接提取数量即可。 2．首段介绍人们普遍认为口语最重要，随后通过设问引出观点“The answer is listening, of course!”，说明作者认为听力最重要。 3．第二段提到“Words go into your head and then they come out of your head. That is why listening to English as much as possible is so important to you now.”，整合句子得出原因。 4．本题是开放性试题，需要先表明自己是否是优秀的语言学习者，再介绍有用的学习习惯，词数不少于30词，表达通顺合理即可。可参考回答：Yes, I think I am a good language learner. I keep listening to English every day and read English articles in my free time. I also take notes of new words and try to use them in my daily talk. These habits help me make great progress.   7.（25-26九年级上·河北石家庄·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Do you find it easy to understand English but hard to speak it out? In fact, there are two kinds of language skills: passive (被动的) and active skills. Passive skills are about understanding a language. Active skills are about using the language. At school, you can learn many passive skills through reading and listening activities. But to learn a language well, you need to practice active skills too! However, active skills do not come naturally. You need to do a lot of practice to improve. Here are some useful ways to develop your active skills. Write more and speak more. You can start by writing short sentences or diaries. And try to talk to real people more. If nobody is free, you can talk to yourself by describing things that happened in your life. Think less about the rules. While you learn a language, you learn many rules. You may think that you need to learn these rules well so you can start to speak. But language is not a hard science. It is about showing your ideas and understanding others. When you speak the language, try to care more about the idea itself and less about the language rules. Find a language group. Speaking with native speakers (母语使用者) may make you feel nervous. You can join a language club or group. You can meet new people, practice speaking and learn from others. Remember, learning a language takes time and practice. Don’t be afraid to speak out, and have fun while learning! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll learn the language well! 1．What are the two kinds of language skills? 2．How can you practice passive skills at school? 3．What can you do if there is no one to talk to when improving speaking skills? 4．What should you think less about when speaking a language? 5．How do you like the idea of joining a language group to learn a language? Why? 【答案】1．Passive skills and active skills. 2．Through reading and listening activities. 3．Talk to yourself/myself by describing things that happened in your/my life. 4．The language rules. 5．I like it. Because I can meet new people, practice speaking and learn from others.（开放性问题，答案合理即可） 【导语】本文主要介绍了语言学习中的两种技能——被动技能和主动技能，并针对如何提升主动技能给出了具体建议，包括多写多说、减少对语法规则的过度关注以及加入语言小组等。 【详解】1．根据第一段中的“In fact, there are two kinds of language skills: passive (被动的) and active skills.”可知，两种语言技能是被动技能和主动技能，直接提取原文信息即可。 2．根据第二段中的“At school, you can learn many passive skills through reading and listening activities.”可知，在学校通过阅读和听力活动练习被动技能，答案可直接从原文获取。 3．根据第三段中的“If nobody is free, you can talk to yourself by describing things that happened in your life.”可知，没人可交谈时可以通过描述生活中发生的事和自己对话，此处用原文表述或转换人称均可。 4．根据第四段中的“When you speak the language, try to care more about the idea itself and less about the language rules.”可知，说语言时应少思考语语法规则，答案可直接提取。 5．开放性问题，答案不唯一。根据第五段关于语言小组的建议“You can meet new people, practice speaking and learn from others.”，可以表明喜欢这一方式并给出相应理由，言之有理即可。 8.（25-26九年级上·广西防城港·期中）I’m Mike Trent, a businessman from the United States. I have lived in China for more than seven years. Like many foreigners, I only knew two words of Chinese (“hello” and “thank you”) when I came to China in 2009. As you can probably guess, my life was difficult for a while after I arrived. Simple tasks like ordering food or taking a taxi were quite difficult for me. I knew I had to learn more Chinese, so I signed up for a class. My teacher was very helpful, although I didn’t learn enough to have a real conversation. Later I studied on my own as well, but my progress was still slow. I became very frustrated (沮丧的). Finally, I found that the best way to learn Chinese is to make friends with native (本土的) speakers and spend time with them. Around this time, I started playing in a band with a Chinese woman who became one of my best friends in Beijing. I learned a lot of Chinese by hanging out with her. For example, she taught me a lot of words about music, such as “melody (旋律)”. She learned a lot of English from me in return, so it was a good way to exchange language and culture. She is still one of my best friends and we talk to each other nearly every day. Now I’ve learned enough Chinese to take care of complex (复杂的) tasks, such as booking train tickets and negotiating (谈判) with my business partners. 根据语篇内容, 按要求回答问题。 1．Where is Mike Trent from? 2．When did Mike Trent come to China? 3．How did Mike Trent feel when he found his progress in Chinese was still slow? 4．According to Mike Trent, what is the best way to learn Chinese? 5．In your opinion, how can we learn Chinese? (列举一个方法) 【答案】1．He is from the United States. 2．He came to China in 2009. 3．He felt very frustrated. 4． The best way is to make friends with native speakers and spend time with them. 5．We can learn Chinese by watching Chinese movies. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国人Mike Trent在中国学习中文的经历，从最初的困难到找到与母语者交朋友的高效方法，最终掌握了处理复杂事务的中文能力。 【详解】1．第一段提到“I’m Mike Trent, a businessman from the United States.”，直接提取地点信息。 2．第一段提到“when I came to China in 2009”，直接提取时间信息。 3．第二段提到“...but my progress was still slow. I became very frustrated.”，直接提取情绪信息。 4．第三段提到“Finally, I found that the best way to learn Chinese is to make friends with native speakers and spend time with them.”，直接提取方法。 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。例如We can learn Chinese by watching Chinese movies.“我们可以通过观看中文电影来学习汉语。”。 9.（26-27九年级上·辽宁·单元测试）阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 Researchers found memory champions aren’t unique. Ordinary people can improve memory using the “mind palace” method, Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon (武器). To use it, picture a familiar place like your living room. Remember its details to build your palace. To memorize a shopping list, mentally place each item in specific spots within this room. Recall the list by mentally walking through these spots. Researchers studied 51 volunteers with average memory. After 40 days of 30-minute daily training, they doubled their word recall. Four months later, performance remained high without further training. “Once learned, you keep good memory without much extra training,” said Professor Martin Dresler. Brain scans showed that after training, volunteers’ brain cell connections resembled (与……相似) those of memory champions. This structural change likely caused the improvement. Crucially (至关重要地), the study suggests superior memory isn’t genetic. Dresler found no brain structure differences between champions and ordinary people, meaning champions aren’t born with special brains. 1．What is the secret weapon of the novel character Sherlock Holmes? 2．How many volunteers did researchers get together to research the influence of this method on the brain? 3．When did the connecting way of the volunteers’ brain cells begin to be like that of the memory champions? 4．The “mind palace” method sounds interesting. If you want to try it to memorize something (like English words or a speech), how would you build your own “mind palace”? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】1．The “mind palace” method. 2．51. 3．After training. 4．I would choose my bedroom as my mind palace. I would put the new English words on my bed, desk, and window. When I review, I just walk around my room in my mind. (开放性试题，答案不唯一) 【导语】本文介绍了“记忆宫殿”记忆法，讲解了它的使用方式，相关的实验研究以及大脑变化，同时说明超强记忆力并非天生遗传。 【详解】1．根据文章第一段“Ordinary people can improve memory using the “mind palace” method, Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon (武器).”可知，小说人物夏洛克・福尔摩斯的秘密武器是“记忆宫殿”法。 2．根据文章第三段“Researchers studied 51 volunteers with average memory.”可知，研究人员召集了51名志愿者来研究该方法对大脑的影响。 3．根据文章第五段“Brain scans showed that after training, volunteers’ brain cell connections resembled (与……相似) those of memory champions.”可知，在训练之后，志愿者脑细胞的连接方式开始变得和记忆冠军的相似。 4．根据文章第二段“To use it, picture a familiar place like your living room. Remember its details to build your palace.”可知，我们可以选取一个熟悉的场所，记住场所细节来搭建记忆宫殿，把要记忆的内容放在场所内特定位置，在脑海中穿行回忆。（开放性试题，答案不唯一） 10.（26-27九年级上·全国·单元测试）Researchers found memory champions aren’t unique. Average people can improve memory using the “mind palace” method, Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon (武器). To use it, picture a familiar place like your living room. Remember its details to build your palace. To memorize a shopping list, mentally place each item in specific spots within this room. Recall the list by mentally walking through these spots. Researchers studied 51 volunteers with average memory. After 40 days of 30-minute daily training, they doubled their word recall. Four months later, performance remained high without further training. “Once learned, you keep good memory without much extra training,” said Professor Martin Dresler. Brain scans showed that after training, volunteers’ brain cell connections resembled (与……相似) those of memory champions. This structural change likely caused the improvement. Crucially (至关重要地), the study suggests superior memory isn’t genetic. Dresler found no brain structure differences between champions and ordinary people, meaning champions aren’t born with special brains. 根据语篇内容回答问题。1-4题，每题答案不超过6个词；5题答案不超过10个词。 1．What is Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon? 2．What place should you picture first? 3．How many volunteers joined the research? 4．When did brain connections resemble champions’? 5．Can you apply the mind palace in daily life? Give your reason. 【答案】1．The “mind palace” method. 2．A familiar place. 3．51. 4．After training. 5．Yes, it helps memorize lists effectively. (答案合理即可) 【导语】本文介绍了一项关于记忆方法的研究。研究发现，普通人通过“记忆宫殿”法训练，可以显著提高记忆力，其大脑神经连接会变得与记忆冠军相似，说明超强记忆力并非天生，而是可以通过训练获得。 【详解】1．第一段明确说明福尔摩斯的秘密武器：“Average people can improve memory using the ‘mind palace’ method, Sherlock Holmes’ secret weapon.” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 2．第二段第一句明确说明首先要想象的地点：“To use it, picture a familiar place like your living room.” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 3．第三段第一句明确说明参与研究的志愿者人数：“Researchers studied 51 volunteers with average memory.” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 4．第五段明确说明大脑连接与记忆冠军相似的时间：“...after training, volunteers’ brain cell connections resembled those of memory champions.” 答案是原文直接信息，直接提取即可。 5．本题为开放性试题，需回答是否能在日常生活中应用记忆宫殿法并给出理由。可围绕该方法能有效记忆清单、学习内容等角度展开，言之有理且不超过10个词即可。 11.（26-27九年级上·广西·课后作业）It’s the day before an exam, and you haven’t studied for it. As a result, you spend hours reading your textbook and going over your notes at night. This learning way is called “cramming (临时抱佛脚)”—trying to learn everything at the last minute. Dr. Robert Bjork, a psychologist (心理学家), explains that cramming works only for short-term memory. “You remember just enough for an easy exam,” he says, “and you quickly forget most of what you ‘learned’ that night.” This is especially bad for subjects like maths or languages. If you forget the basic knowledge, it will be much harder to understand new lessons later. What are better learning ways? A study shows that two ways—spaced-out learning (间隔学习) and interleaving (交叉学习)—are much more helpful than cramming. Spaced-out learning means studying the same thing several times with breaks. For example, instead of studying history for three hours the night before a test, you can study for one hour on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. This improves long-term memory. A study found that 90% of students remembered more by spaced-out learning than cramming. Interleaving is also a smart learning way. This means trying to learn different things every time you study. For example, you can spend 30 minutes on maths, practise English for 20 minutes, and then write a short article. After that, go back to maths. Then you can remember the information better and for a longer time. Next time you have an exam, start studying early, space out study time, and mix up subjects. Remember: studying wisely is better than studying hard at the last minute. 1．How many learning ways does the passage talk about in total? 2．What does Dr. Robert Bjork think of cramming? 3．What does spaced-out learning mean? 4．What is the main idea of the passage? 5．Which learning way do you prefer? Why? (不超过15个词) 【答案】1．Three./3. 2．It only works for short-term memory. 3．It means studying the same thing several times with breaks. 4．Students should learn some better learning ways instead of cramming. 5．I prefer spaced-out learning. Because it helps me remember things longer./ ... 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种学习方式（临时抱佛脚、间隔学习、交叉学习），对比了它们的效果，并建议学生采用更明智的学习方法。 【详解】1．根据文章第2段第一句“This learning way is called 'cramming'”（这种学习方式被称为“临时抱佛脚”）以及第3段第二句提到“two ways—spaced-out learning and interleaving”（两种方式——间隔学习和交叉学习）可知，文章共提到了三种学习方式。答案通过整合全文多处信息归纳得出。 2．根据文章第2段第二句“Dr. Robert Bjork... explains that cramming works only for short-term memory.”（罗伯特·比约克博士……解释说临时抱佛脚只对短期记忆有效）可知，他认为这种方式仅对短期记忆有用。答案由原文直接提取整合。 3．根据文章第4段第一句“Spaced-out learning means studying the same thing several times with breaks.”（间隔学习意味着分几次学习同一内容，中间有休息）可知，这是该学习方式的定义。答案由原文直接提取。 4．根据文章第3段第一句“What are better learning ways?”（什么是更好的学习方式？）及最后一段最后一句“Remember: studying wisely is better than studying hard at the last minute.”（记住：明智地学习比最后一分钟努力学习更好）可知，文章主要介绍了比临时抱佛脚更好的学习方式。答案通过整合全文多处信息归纳概括得出。 5．本题为开放性问答题，不能直接摘抄原句，需要结合文本信息组织自己的语言作答，选择一种学习方法并写出合理理由，注意词数限制。答案基于原文信息自主组织语言得出。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $