Unit 4 Exploring space（单元分层自测·基础通关卷）英语新教材译林版九年级下册

2026-2027学年九年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4 Exploring space·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1．The ________ is a kind of special vehicle that can carry astronauts and equipment into outer space. A. pilot B. spacecraft C. base D. tank 【答案】B 【详解】句意：航天器是一种可以将宇航员和设备送入外太空的特殊交通工具。考查名词词义辨析。pilot意为“飞行员”；spacecraft意为“宇宙飞船，航天器”；base意为“基地”；tank意为“箱，罐；坦克”。根据“carry astronauts and equipment into outer space”的描述，符合的交通工具是航天器，故选B。 2．China successfully ________ the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft into space in April, 2024. A. launched B. landed C. fetched D. forced 【答案】A 【详解】句意：2024年4月，中国成功将神舟十八号载人飞船发射升空。考查动词词义辨析。launch意为“发射”；land意为“着陆；降落”；fetch意为“（去）拿来”；force意为“强迫”。“发射载人飞船”用launch spacecraft，符合神舟飞船发射的热点语境，故选A。 3．The temperature on the surface of Mars is usually below -50℃. It is really ________ for human beings. A. pale B. proper C. freezing D. scary 【答案】C 【详解】句意：火星表面的温度通常在零下50摄氏度以下，对人类来说实在是极寒难耐。考查形容词词义辨析。pale意为“苍白的”；proper意为“恰当的”；freezing意为“极冷的，冻僵的”；scary意为“恐怖的”。根据“below -50℃”的温度描述，可知选C。 4．People cannot live on the Moon ________ enough water and fresh air. A. with B. without C. because of D. instead of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：没有充足的水和新鲜空气，人类无法在月球上生存。考查介词辨析。with意为“带有”；without意为“没有”；because of意为“因为”；instead of意为“代替”。本句对应单元语法“if...not=without”的转换逻辑，句意为“没有足够的水和新鲜空气，人类无法在月球生存”，故选B。 5．No matter how difficult the task is, we should never ________ before we try our best. A. throw in the towel B. carry out C. come out D. get through 【答案】A 【详解】句意：无论任务有多难，在拼尽全力之前我们都绝不应该放弃。考查动词短语辨析。throw in the towel意为“认输，放弃努力”；carry out意为“执行，实施”；come out意为“出版；出现”；get through意为“接通；通过”。根据“no matter how difficult”和“try our best”的语境，是表达不要轻易放弃，故选A。 6．________, a huge sandstorm came and the whole sky became dark in a minute. A. In case B. All of a sudden C. For example D. At first 【答案】B 【详解】句意：突然，一场巨大的沙尘暴袭来，整片天空瞬间暗了下来。考查短语辨析。in case意为“以防万一”；all of a sudden意为“突然”；for example意为“例如”；at first意为“起初”。根据“the whole sky became dark in a minute”可知沙尘暴是突然发生的，故选B。 7．The astronauts will________ a number of scientific experiments during their stay on the space station. A. take up B. set up C. carry out D. put up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：宇航员们在空间站停留期间将开展多项科学实验。考查动词短语辨析。take up意为“占据；开始从事”；set up意为“建立”；carry out意为“执行，实施”；put up意为“张贴；搭建”。“做实验”的固定搭配是carry out experiments，故选C。 8．Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin ________ the first humans to walk on the Moon in 1969. A. become B. became C. will become D. have become 【答案】B 【详解】句意：1969年，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗和巴兹·奥尔德林成为首批在月球上行走的人类。考查动词时态。根据时间状语in 1969可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时；become的过去式为became，故选B。 9．The little girl was ________ when she saw the strange green lights in the forest at night. A. shocked B. thankful C. reusable D. proper 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小女孩夜里在森林里看到奇异的绿光时，感到十分震惊。考查形容词词义辨析。shocked意为“震惊的”；thankful意为“感激的”；reusable意为“可重复使用的”；proper意为“恰当的”。根据“看到奇怪的绿光”的场景，人的反应是震惊，故选A。 10．— I hope I can travel to space by spaceship one day. — ________. It must be a wonderful experience. A. I'm afraid not B. I hope so too C. Of course not D. You're welcome 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我希望有朝一日能乘航天器去太空旅行。——我也希望如此。那一定是一段奇妙的经历。考查情景交际。I'm afraid not意为“恐怕不行”；I hope so too意为“我也希望如此”；Of course not意为“当然不”；You're welcome意为“不客气”。答语后句表达对太空旅行的肯定，因此是认同对方的愿望，故选B。 二、完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 NASA said it could send astronauts to Mars as early as the 2030s. These astronauts will stay on Mars for more than two years. So before sending them to Mars, NASA need to know how people will do things when they live in a small group, far away from the earth, for such a 11 time. It has decided to do a piece of 12 first. Three men and three women will take part in the research to 13 what it will be like to live on Mars. They will do this without leaving the 14 . NASA will do the research in a 15 building on the side of a volcano (火山) in Hawaii. The volcano is called Mauna Loa. It is the biggest active volcano in the world. NASA 16 this place to do the research because it looks like Mars. Three men and three women will 17 in this building for eight months. During the eight months, the six people will only be able to 18 NASA by email. To make it more like being on Mars, it will 19 them 40 minutes to get an answer to an email. That's because the 20 needs 20 minutes to travel from Mars to the earth. By doing this research, NASA hopes to learn how to choose the best people for the space travel to Mars. 11．A．short B．long C．boring D．funny 12．A．information B．research C．news D．music 13．A．look for B．look out C．find out D．search for 14．A．moon B．sun C．Mars D．earth 15．A．special B．strange C．simple D．small 16．A．trains B．buys C．chooses D．sends 17．A．play B．sleep C．live D．practise 18．A．thank for B．share with C．work for D．communicate with 19．A．take B．spend C．pay D．use 20．A．message B．advice C．speech D．plan 【答案】 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．A 【导语】本文介绍了NASA计划在2030年代将宇航员送往火星，为此先在夏威夷火山模拟火星环境进行封闭实验，研究人类长期远离地球的生存状况，为未来火星任务做准备。 【详解】11．句意：所以在把他们送往火星之前，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）需要知道当人们在一个小群体中生活，远离地球这么长的一段时间时，他们将如何做事。 short短的；long长的；boring无聊的；funny有趣的。根据“These astronauts will stay on Mars for more than two years.”可知，是要在火星待两年多，时间很长。故选B。 12．句意：它决定先做一项研究。 information信息；research研究；news新闻；music音乐。根据“Three men and three women will take part in the research...”可知，这里是说先做一项研究。故选B。 13．句意：三名男性和三名女性将参与这项研究，以弄清楚在火星上生活将会是什么样子。 look for寻找；look out小心；find out弄清楚，查明；search for寻找。根据语境，这里是通过研究弄清楚在火星生活的情况，故选C。 14．句意：他们将在不离开地球的情况下进行这项研究。 moon月亮；sun太阳；Mars火星；earth地球。根据“So before sending them to Mars, NASA need to know how people will do things when they live in a small group, far away from the earth...”以及实际情况可知，是在地球上做模拟实验，不离开地球。故选D。 15．句意：美国国家航空航天局将在夏威夷一座火山旁边的一座特殊的建筑物里进行这项研究。 special特殊的；strange奇怪的；simple简单的；small小的。根据“The volcano is called Mauna Loa. It is the biggest active volcano in the world.”可知，这座火山是世界上最大的活火山，且这里像火星，所以这个建筑是特殊的。故选A。 16．句意：美国国家航空航天局选择这个地方进行这项研究是因为它看起来像火星。 trains训练；buys买；chooses选择；sends发送。根据“NASA will do the research in a…building on the side of a volcano in Hawaii.”可知说在这个地方做研究，可知是选择了这个地方。故选C。 17．句意：三名男性和三名女性将在这座建筑物里生活八个月。 play玩；sleep睡觉；live生活；practise练习。根据“...what it will be like to live on Mars.”以及模拟在火星生活的语境可知，是在这个建筑里生活八个月。故选C。 18．句意：在这八个月里，这六个人将只能通过电子邮件与美国国家航空航天局交流。 thank for因……而感谢；share with与……分享；work for为……工作；communicate with与……交流。根据“by email”可知，是通过邮件交流，故选D。 19．句意：为了使它更像在火星上，他们将需要40分钟才能收到一封电子邮件的回复。 take花费（时间）；spend花费（金钱/时间）；pay支付；use使用。It takes sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。故选A。 20．句意：那是因为信息从火星传到地球需要20分钟。 message信息；advice建议；speech演讲；plan计划。根据“To make it more like being on Mars, it will take them 40 minutes to get an answer to an email.”可知，这里说的是信息从火星到地球的传递时间。故选A。 三、阅读理解（共两节, 15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分） 第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Have you ever looked up at the Milky Way and wondered whether intelligent life is out there? Well, it is on Planet EUB3, and you could be, too. Come to spend a month with us on the Earth’s sister planet, and you will: BEAT GRAVITY! MEET FRIENDLY ALIENS! FOLD SPACE! STAY YOUNG! Folding (折) space means certain risks, I need to tell you that you may be crushed by dark matter. But relax. No human has ever died in this way. We have transported more than 300 happy campers to EUB3 and back No one feels bad during the space travel. Time on the Earth does not match time on EUB3. When you return to the Earth, classmates will be a year ahead of you. Family members will also be one year older. 21．The text is a ______. A．poster B．lyric C．song D．map 22．What’s EUB3? A．It’s an island. B．It’s a kind of aliens. C．It’s a kind of transportation. D．It’s the sister planet of the Earth. 23．Which of the following information is NOT included in the text? A．What you will do on EUB3. B．How long you will spend on EUB3. C．When you will start the journey to EUB3. D．How many campers have been transported to EUB3. 【答案】21．A 22．D 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇广告宣传类文章，主要介绍了一个名为EUB3的星球，宣传了去EUB3星球可以体验的活动、时间差异以及该星球与地球的关系等信息，旨在吸引人们前往EUB3星球进行一个月的旅行体验。 21．细节理解题。根据文章内容，文章以吸引人的标题和宣传语开头，接着列出了去EUB3星球可以体验的活动，如“BEAT GRAVITY!”，“MEET FRIENDLY ALIENS!”，“FOLD SPACE!”，“STAY YOUNG!”等，并给出了相关的时间和人数信息，这些特点都符合海报的宣传性质。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“Come to spend a month with us on the Earth’s sister planet...”可知，EUB3是地球的姐妹星球。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据“Come to spend a month with us on the Earth’s sister planet, and you will: BEAT GRAVITY! MEET FRIENDLY ALIENS! FOLD SPACE! STAY YOUNG!”可知，文章提到了在EUB3上可以做的活动，所以A项正确；根据“Come to spend a month with us on the Earth’s sister planet...”可知，文章提到了在EUB3上度过的时间，所以B项正确；文章并未提及旅行开始的具体时间，所以C项错误；根据“We have transported more than 300 happy campers to EUB3 and back...”可知，文章提到了被运送到EUB3的露营者人数，所以D项正确。故选C。 B What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun. Eating and sleeping Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere. Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep. Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity. Work and play Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth. 24．According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station? A．Water in special bags. B．Very tiny food pieces. C．Specially prepared meals. D．Sleeping bags tied to the wall. 25．Which of the following should go in the empty box? A．Exercising for a strong heart. B．Moving freely. C．Dealing with space loneliness. D．Staying strong. 26．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space. B．Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space. C．How astronauts do experiments in space environments. D．Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put. 【答案】24．B 25．D 26．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宇航员在空间站微重力环境下的生活，包括饮食、睡眠、运动和娱乐等方面的挑战与乐趣。 【详解】24．第三段提到“Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment.”，食物碎屑可能对空间站造成危险。 25．第四段提到“Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day...”，本段讲太空微重力会让骨骼、肌肉、心脏变虚弱，宇航员每天必须锻炼两小时维持身体强健，因此空框处应填“Staying strong”。 26．全文围绕宇航员在太空中的生活展开，介绍了饮食、睡眠、运动和工作等方面的内容，因此主旨是宇航员在太空中有趣而充满挑战的生活。 C Imagine taking a long space trip with your pet. How do you both stay healthy in hard conditions like microgravity (微重力) and space radiation (辐射)? That’s where space-based animal research comes in. On Oct 31, China’s Shenzhou XXI mission launched (启动) with four mice aboard. This is the first time China has sent mice into space for experiments, following earlier missions with zebrafish and fruit flies, said Xinhua. After the mice return with the Shenzhou XX spaceship, scientists will further study how space influences their bodies. Not just any mouse can become an “astronaut”. According to China Daily, these mice were chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training. They passed physical tests, like riding an “exercise bike”, and cognitive (认知的) tests, such as solving mazes (迷宫). Mice are ideal for space research because they share genetic (基因的) similarities with humans, need little space and reproduce quickly, Huang Kun from the Chinese Academy of Sciences told Xinhua. Also, given their short lifespans (寿命), six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human. This allows scientists to predict long-term space effects on humans in just months, rather than years. Internationally, sending animals to space began in the late 1940s to see if any life could survive the high rocket speeds or the weightlessness and radiation in space, said CBC News. Today, studies go beyond survival. “The animal work is helping us understand how to live a better life in space, making it a healthier reality, as well as helping us study a few diseases that affect us down on Earth,” a scientist said. For example, space is ideal for studying osteoporosis (骨质疏松), as microgravity causes bone loss 12 times faster than on Earth, said UCLA Health. In 2017, a study with 40 mice on the International Space Station found a treatment that slowed bone loss and helped new bones grow, offering hope for keeping humans healthy both on Earth and in space. Moreover, when we live on other planets, we can’t live without animals. Besides being friends, animals help keep ecosystems stable (稳定的) by pollinating (授粉) plants, maintaining food chains and more. 27．How long did the space mouse “astronauts” receive training before the launch? A．For half a month. B．For two months. C．For six months. D．For over 10 years. 28．Why are mice ideal for space research? ①They take up very little space.    ②They have similar genes to humans. ③They can live for over 10 years in space.    ④They can produce new generations quickly. A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③ 29．How has the purpose of sending animals to space changed over time? A．From testing survival to learning to live better in space. B．From studying diseases to checking rocket speed safety. C．From improving life in space to finding new test animals. D．From training animals to choosing those with good qualities. 30．What is the writer’s view on space-based animal research? A．It mainly helps scientists learn how animals survive in space, not humans. B．It is too early to understand its real value, for further studies are necessary. C．It is valuable for improving human health and supporting future life in space. D．It is a doubtful practice, so much more time is still needed to get clear results. 【答案】27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国神舟二十一号首次将老鼠送入太空进行实验，并阐述了选择老鼠作为太空研究对象的原因、国际上动物太空实验目的的演变，以及此类研究对人类健康和未来太空生活的价值。 【详解】27．第三段指出：“these mice were chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training”，60天即两个月。 28．第四段提到：“they share genetic similarities with humans, need little space and reproduce quickly”，对应①②④；而③“能在太空活超过10年”与原文“six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human”不符，那是类比人类寿命，并非老鼠真能活10年。 29．第五段明确说明目的演变：最初是“to see if any life could survive the high rocket speeds or the weightlessness and radiation in space”(测试生存)，如今“studies go beyond survival…helping us understand how to live a better life in space” (学习如何更好地生活)。 30．全文多处体现作者正面评价：第五段“helping us understand how to live a better life in space…as well as helping us study a few diseases”；第六段以骨质疏松研究为例说明对地球和太空健康都有益；第七段强调动物对未来星球生活不可或缺。综合来看，作者认为太空动物研究对改善人类健康和支持未来太空生活具有重要价值。 第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有一项是多余选项。 NASA Astronaut Training Program If you traveled to space tomorrow, what skills would you need? You’d need to know how to control your spacecraft. You’d need to know how to stay healthy in space. 31 NASA astronauts learn these skills in its Astronaut Training Program, a two-year course. In September 2025, NASA welcomed 10 new members. 32 They will learn what they need to travel to space. These candidates are part of a top group. Since 1959, NASA has chosen only 370 astronauts from thousands of people. More than 8,000 people tried to get the 10 places in the 2025 program. 33 Some have worked in the army. Others are scientists, like geologist Lauren Edgar. “The training is really fun,” Lawler said. “I’m studying as hard as I can to learn everything.” Lawler and her classmates are studying robotics, geology, medicine and survival skills. They will practice spacewalks, learn to fly jets and work with other astronauts. 34 Anyone can try for the program. NASA puts the application form online. Applicants must be healthy and have a STEM master’s degree and three years of work experience. 35 A．They will spend two years learning. B．You’d need to know how to do a spacewalk. C．The candidates have different jobs. D．Lawler is also studying Russian. E．NASA also values leadership, teamwork and communication. F．They can live on the moon one day. 【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局的宇航员培训项目。 【详解】31．根据第一段前两个句子分别提到了“control your spacecraft”和“stay healthy in space”。空缺处应填入第三个所需的技能。选项B“You’d need to know how to do a spacewalk.”符合语境，与前后句构成排比，列举了宇航员所需的具体技能。 32．根据第二段空缺处位于“NASA welcomed 10 new members”之后。选项A“They will spend two years learning.”紧承上文提到的“two-year course”，逻辑通顺，说明了新成员接下来的安排。 33．根据第三段“Some have worked in the army. Others are scientists...”，这说明候选人的职业背景各不相同。选项C“The candidates have different jobs.”概括了本段内容，适合作为主题句。 34．根据第四段列举了“practice spacewalks, learn to fly jets...”。选项D“Lawler is also studying Russian.”是对训练内容的补充。虽然前文未提及语言学习，但在宇航员训练中，学习俄语是常见的项目，且“also”一词表明这是在列举更多训练项目，符合语境。 35．根据最后一段申请该项目的硬性条件，如“be healthy”、“have a STEM master’s degree”和“three years of work experience”。选项E“NASA also values leadership, teamwork and communication.”是对申请要求的进一步补充，从硬性指标扩展到了软技能，符合段落逻辑。 四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 第一节 根据句意，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在横线上写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。 36．There is a ________ (可能性) that humans will build underground homes on Mars. 【答案】possibility 【详解】句意：人类有可能在火星建造地下房屋。possibility 可数名词，意为 “可能性”；不定冠词 a 后接单数名词，故填 possibility。 37．Living on Mars has both advantages and ________ (不利因素). 【答案】disadvantages 【详解】句意：在火星生活既有优点也有弊端。disadvantage 名词，意为 “不利因素”；and 连接并列成分，advantages 为复数，此处也要使用复数形式，故填 disadvantages。 38．The first ________ (land) of the Tianwen-1 probe on Mars was a great achievement for China. 【答案】landing 【详解】句意：“天问一号”探测器首次在火星着陆是中国的一项伟大成就。空格前有序数词first和定冠词the，此处需要填入名词作句子的主语，land的名词形式为landing，意为“着陆”。 39．Every citizen should take ________ (responsible) for keeping public places clean and tidy. 【答案】responsibility 【详解】句意：每位公民都应该为保持公共场所的干净整洁承担责任。固定搭配take responsibility for意为“对……承担责任”，此处应用名词作宾语，responsible的名词形式为responsibility。 40．________ (thankful), all the members of the exploration team came back from the desert safely. 【答案】Thankfully 【详解】句意：谢天谢地，探险队的所有成员都从沙漠安全返回了。此处用来修饰整个句子，在句中作状语，需用副词形式，thankful的副词形式为thankfully，句首单词首字母需大写。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺完整，每个单词或短语仅用一次。     so    sudden    find    point    look like Mr. Lin said to the kids, “See the stars in the sky. Those 41 of bright light can form shapes. Can you see the group of stars over there? It 42 a giant spoon. It’s the Big Dipper.” “Wow, interesting!” said Amy, who was looking through a telescope (望远镜). “So many stars! I never knew the nighttime sky could be 43 beautiful.” “Really? Let me have a look.” said Lucy. Lucy looked through the telescope for a while and shouted 44 , “A bright light is going fast in the sky!” “That’s a shooting star!” said Mr. Lin. “This is fun,” said Amy. “Tonight we have been the star explorers.” “Yes,” said Lucy. “I really enjoy looking at the stars now.” “So you’ve 45 the answer to your question, right?” Mr. Lin said to Lucy. 【答案】41．points 42．looks like 43．so 44．suddenly 45．found 【导语】本文讲述了林老师带孩子们通过望远镜观察星空，认识星座和流星的经历。 【详解】41．句意：那些光点可以形成形状。“Those ____ of bright light”表示“那些光点”，需选point“点”，根据those需用复数形式points，point of light意为“光点”。 42．句意：它看起来像一个大勺子。“It ____ a giant spoon”表示“它看起来像一个大勺子”，需选look like“看起来像”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语It为单数，短语的第三人称单数形式为looks like。 43．句意：我从来不知道夜空可以如此美丽。“could be ____ beautiful”表示“可以如此美丽”，需用副词修饰形容词beautiful。需选so“如此”，为副词。 44．句意：露西看了一会儿望远镜，突然喊道：“一颗亮星正在天空中快速移动！”“shouted ____”表示“突然喊道”，需用副词修饰动词shouted。需选sudden“突然的”，其副词形式为suddenly，意为“突然地”。 45．句意：所以你已经找到你的问题的答案了，对吗？“you’ve ____ the answer”表示“你已经找到答案”，需选find“找到”，have后需用过去分词构成现在完成时，find的过去分词为found。 五、短文填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 A face-to-face meeting with Emperor Qinshihuang, once only a thought, is now within reach. In Central China’s Hunan Province, AI is making this kind of “meeting” p 46 —it’s making old things, places and even people from Qin Dynasty (221 — 206 BC) come alive. This fun project is from teamwork b 47 a Changsha company and archaeologists (考古学家). The team uses AI to collect information from old papers and things dug up. Also, they put them in o 48 . The company’s manager, Zhang Gangyi, showed how useful the technology is. He made a picture of Hua, an officer from the Qin Dynasty. Hua’s story and many facts of life in Qin times were written on about 38, 000 bamboo slips (竹简). People found these slips in 2002. They are very useful—they filled an e 49 part in history and told us 15-year life in an old Qin town. Now, the AI-made Hua is a guide at Liye Ancient Town Archaeological Site Park. The park opened again in October after being fixed. It has a new smart guiding system made by Zhang’s team. They t 50 the old words on the bamboo slips into fun videos. Visitors can scan QR codes (二维码) at the park to watch these videos. Then they can feel w 51 life was like 2, 000 years ago. All pictures, clothes and things in the videos are b 52 on real historical finds. For example, Hua’s clothes got ideas from Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb in Shaanxi. The team had to read many reports to get small facts right. This was a big c 53 for them. Zhang loves Chinese history very much. He said technology helps people learn about the p 54 better. “History is not just in museum boxes — people can f 55 it and talk with it,” he said. He thinks “culture + technology” will make traditional culture easier for everyone to enjoy. For example, visitors could wear VR (虚拟现实) glasses to see Qin Dynasty buildings on screen. 【答案】 46．possible/ossible 47．between/etween 48．order/rder 49．empty/mpty 50．turn/urn 51．what/hat 52．based/ased 53．challenge/hallenge 54．past/ast 55．feel/eel 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了湖南某公司与考古学家合作，利用AI技术让秦朝历史场景与人物“复活”，助力人们了解、体验历史文化的项目。 【详解】46．句意：在中国中部的湖南省，人工智能正在让这种“会面”成为可能——它正在让秦朝(221—206 BC)的旧事物、地点甚至人物变得鲜活。“it’s making old things, places and even people from Qin Dynasty (221—206 BC) come alive”以及首字母提示可知，此处指让这种“会面”成为可能，固定搭配make sth. possible表示“使某事成为可能”。 47．句意：这个有趣的项目来自长沙一家公司与考古学家之间的合作。“a Changsha company and archaeologists”以及首字母提示b可知，此处指长沙一家公司与考古学家之间的合作，between符合。 48．句意：此外，他们将这些信息整理有序。固定搭配put sth. in order表示“把某物整理好、按序排列”，结合首字母o及语境，故填order。 49．句意：它们非常有用——填补了历史上的一个空白部分，并向我们讲述了秦朝一座古城15年的生活。“told us 15-year life in an old Qin town”以及首字母提示可知，此处指填补了历史上的一个空白部分，固定搭配fill an empty part表示“填补空白部分”。 50．句意：他们把竹简上的古老文字变成了有趣的视频。固定搭配turn…into…表示“把……转变成……”，结合上下文时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，用动词原形，首字母t提示，故填turn。 51．句意：然后他们就能感受到2000年前的生活是什么样的。空处引导宾语从句，feel what life was like表示“感受生活是什么样的”，结合首字母w及语境，故填what。 52．句意：视频中的所有图片、衣服和物品都基于真实的历史发现。“For example, Hua’s clothes got ideas from Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb in Shaanxi.”以及首字母提示b可知，此处指基于真实的历史发现，固定搭配be based on表示“基于、以……为基础”。 53．句意：这对他们来说是一个巨大的挑战。前文提到团队需要阅读大量报告来核实细节，结合首字母c及语境，这是一项挑战，故填challenge。 54．句意：他说科技能帮助人们更好地了解过去。前文围绕秦朝历史展开，结合首字母p及语境，此处指“过去”，故填past。 55．句意：历史不只是在博物馆的盒子里——人们可以感受它并与它互动。结合上下文语境，前文提到科技让历史变得鲜活，人们可以体验历史，固定搭配feel与后文“talk with it”呼应，情态动词can后接动词原形，结合首字母f提示，故填feel。 六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容用英语回答问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 You can buy lots of things during a livestream (直播), such as food and clothes, and now even a ticket to space. On October 24, Deep Blue Aerospace, a Chinese space company, sold two space travel tickets in a livestream. This was China’s first try of selling space tickets. The tickets were priced at 1.5 million yuan each. But during the stream, they were just 1 million yuan each. The 12-minute space trip will give a different experience. According to the company, passengers will sit in a spacecraft that is about 4 meters tall and 3. 5 meters wide, with six big windows and space for six people. The spacecraft will go 100 kilometers above Earth. Travelers will experience weightlessness (失重) for at least five minutes and see Earth from above before coming back down safely. Passengers between 18 and 60 years old can be chosen. And of course they should be healthy. After being chosen, they have to take some security training before the trip. The trip will use the company’s Nebula-rocket. It runs on oxygen and kerosene (煤油) and can be reused. With the development of modern technology, space tickets might become less expensive, said Huo Liang, CEO of Deep Blue Aerospace. The company plans to do lots of tests in 2026 to make sure the space trip is safe. They hope to begin the trip in 2027. 56．When did Deep Blue Aerospace sell the space travel tickets in a livestream? 57．How long will the space trip last? 58．Who can be chosen to take the space trip? 59．What does the Nebula-rocket run on? 60．What do you think of the space trip? 【答案】56．On October 24. 57．For twelve minutes. 58．Healthy passengers between 18 and 60. 59．Oxygen and kerosene. 60．Exciting. （言之有理即可） 【导语】本文介绍了中国深蓝航天10月24日直播售太空票，计划2027年开启旅行，介绍了行程、要求及火箭燃料等。 【详解】56．根据“On October 24, Deep Blue Aerospace...sold two space travel tickets in a livestream.”可知售卖日期为10月24日，故填On October 24. 57．根据“The 12-minute space trip will give a different experience.”可知太空旅行持续时间为12分钟，故填For twelve minutes. 58．根据“Passengers between 18 and 60 years old can be chosen. And of course they should be healthy.”可知，乘客年龄在18至60岁之间且身体健康，故填Healthy passengers between 18 and 60. 59．根据“It runs on oxygen and kerosene”可知，星云火箭以氧气和煤油为燃料，故填Oxygen and kerosene. 60．本题是开放性试题，答案言之有理即可。参考答案：Exciting. 七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分20分） 61．由于地球愈来愈拥挤，将来我们有可能移居火星。请根据要点提示以“Life on Mars in the future”为题，写一篇短文来描述将来在火星上的生活情况。 要点： 1. 因为火星重力只有地球重力的八分之三，所以人们出去不得不穿特制的靴子以免他们飘浮进入太空； 2. 人们将有更多空间，他们将住在大而舒服的房间里； 3. 人们能有更多的时间放松，因为机器人做了大部分工作； 4. 火星上的食物将是药片的形式，没有地球上的食物可口； 5. 火星上没有学校，每个学生将有一台和星际网络相连的电脑，他们将在网络学校和电子老师一起学习； 6. 航天飞机速度很快，但不是很舒服。 要求： 1. 语意连贯，层次清晰，书写清楚； 2. 文中不得出现真实的校名和人名； 3. 词数：90左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Life on Mars in the future In the future, people would move to other planets including Mars because the Earth is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. What would life on Mars be like? Let’s go and have a look. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Life on Mars in the future In the future, people would move to other planets including Mars because the Earth is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. What would life on Mars be like? Let’s go and have a look. The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth, so people would have to wear special boots to keep themselves from floating off into space when they go out. People would have more space and they would live in big, comfortable rooms. What’s more, people could have more time to relax because robots would do most of the work. The food on Mars would be in the form of pills. It would not be as tasty as that on the Earth. There would be no schools on Mars. Every student would have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network. They would study at online school with e-teachers. The spacecraft would travel very fast, but it is not very comfortable. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文为说明文，是一篇材料作文。 ②时态：本文要用一般将来时或would表虚拟将来的相关时态。 ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并适当增加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] ①第一步，开头已给出，交代了写作背景和写作目的：介绍未来火星上的生活。 ②第二步，介绍火星上的生活，根据所给要点，适当发挥想象，增加细节。 [亮点词汇] ①gravity 重力 ②keep…from doing sth. 阻止……做某事 ③what’s more 另外 ④in the form of… 以……的形式 ⑤as…as 和……一样 [高分句型] ①people would have to wear special boots to keep themselves from floating off into space when they go out. (when引导时间状语从句) ②people could have more time to relax because robots would do most of the work. (because引导原因状语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4 Exploring space·基础通关 （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分） 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 二、完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．A 三、阅读理解（共两节, 15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分） 21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．E 四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 36．possibility 37．disadvantages 38．landing 39．responsibility 40．Thankfully 41．points 42．looks like 43．so 44．suddenly 45．found 五、短文填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 46．possible/ossible 47．between/etween 48．order/rder 49．empty/mpty 50．turn/urn 51．what/hat 52．based/ased 53．challenge/hallenge 54．past/ast 55．feel/eel 六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分） 56．On October 24. 57．For twelve minutes. 58．Healthy passengers between 18 and 60. 59．Oxygen and kerosene. 60．Exciting. （言之有理即可） 七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分20分） 【答案】例文 Life on Mars in the future In the future, people would move to other planets including Mars because the Earth is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. What would life on Mars be like? Let’s go and have a look. The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on the Earth, so people would have to wear special boots to keep themselves from floating off into space when they go out. People would have more space and they would live in big, comfortable rooms. What’s more, people could have more time to relax because robots would do most of the work. The food on Mars would be in the form of pills. It would not be as tasty as that on the Earth. There would be no schools on Mars. Every student would have a computer at home connected to an interplanetary network. They would study at online school with e-teachers. The spacecraft would travel very fast, but it is not very comfortable. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年九年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4 Exploring space·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1．The ________ is a kind of special vehicle that can carry astronauts and equipment into outer space. A. pilot B. spacecraft C. base D. tank 2．China successfully ________ the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft into space in April, 2024. A. launched B. landed C. fetched D. forced 3．The temperature on the surface of Mars is usually below -50℃. It is really ________ for human beings. A. pale B. proper C. freezing D. scary 4．People cannot live on the Moon ________ enough water and fresh air. A. with B. without C. because of D. instead of 5．No matter how difficult the task is, we should never ________ before we try our best. A. throw in the towel B. carry out C. come out D. get through 6．________, a huge sandstorm came and the whole sky became dark in a minute. A. In case B. All of a sudden C. For example D. At first 7．The astronauts will________ a number of scientific experiments during their stay on the space station. A. take up B. set up C. carry out D. put up 8．Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin ________ the first humans to walk on the Moon in 1969. A. become B. became C. will become D. have become 9．The little girl was ________ when she saw the strange green lights in the forest at night. A. shocked B. thankful C. reusable D. proper 10．— I hope I can travel to space by spaceship one day. — ________. It must be a wonderful experience. A. I'm afraid not B. I hope so too C. Of course not D. You're welcome 二、完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 NASA said it could send astronauts to Mars as early as the 2030s. These astronauts will stay on Mars for more than two years. So before sending them to Mars, NASA need to know how people will do things when they live in a small group, far away from the earth, for such a 11 time. It has decided to do a piece of 12 first. Three men and three women will take part in the research to 13 what it will be like to live on Mars. They will do this without leaving the 14 . NASA will do the research in a 15 building on the side of a volcano (火山) in Hawaii. The volcano is called Mauna Loa. It is the biggest active volcano in the world. NASA 16 this place to do the research because it looks like Mars. Three men and three women will 17 in this building for eight months. During the eight months, the six people will only be able to 18 NASA by email. To make it more like being on Mars, it will 19 them 40 minutes to get an answer to an email. That's because the 20 needs 20 minutes to travel from Mars to the earth. By doing this research, NASA hopes to learn how to choose the best people for the space travel to Mars. 11．A．short B．long C．boring D．funny 12．A．information B．research C．news D．music 13．A．look for B．look out C．find out D．search for 14．A．moon B．sun C．Mars D．earth 15．A．special B．strange C．simple D．small 16．A．trains B．buys C．chooses D．sends 17．A．play B．sleep C．live D．practise 18．A．thank for B．share with C．work for D．communicate with 19．A．take B．spend C．pay D．use 20．A．message B．advice C．speech D．plan 三、阅读理解（共两节, 15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分） 第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Have you ever looked up at the Milky Way and wondered whether intelligent life is out there? Well, it is on Planet EUB3, and you could be, too. Come to spend a month with us on the Earth’s sister planet, and you will: BEAT GRAVITY! MEET FRIENDLY ALIENS! FOLD SPACE! STAY YOUNG! Folding (折) space means certain risks, I need to tell you that you may be crushed by dark matter. But relax. No human has ever died in this way. We have transported more than 300 happy campers to EUB3 and back No one feels bad during the space travel. Time on the Earth does not match time on EUB3. When you return to the Earth, classmates will be a year ahead of you. Family members will also be one year older. 21．The text is a ______. A．poster B．lyric C．song D．map 22．What’s EUB3? A．It’s an island. B．It’s a kind of aliens. C．It’s a kind of transportation. D．It’s the sister planet of the Earth. 23．Which of the following information is NOT included in the text? A．What you will do on EUB3. B．How long you will spend on EUB3. C．When you will start the journey to EUB3. D．How many campers have been transported to EUB3. B What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun. Eating and sleeping Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere. Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep. Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity. Work and play Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth. 24．According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station? A．Water in special bags. B．Very tiny food pieces. C．Specially prepared meals. D．Sleeping bags tied to the wall. 25．Which of the following should go in the empty box? A．Exercising for a strong heart. B．Moving freely. C．Dealing with space loneliness. D．Staying strong. 26．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space. B．Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space. C．How astronauts do experiments in space environments. D．Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put. C Imagine taking a long space trip with your pet. How do you both stay healthy in hard conditions like microgravity (微重力) and space radiation (辐射)? That’s where space-based animal research comes in. On Oct 31, China’s Shenzhou XXI mission launched (启动) with four mice aboard. This is the first time China has sent mice into space for experiments, following earlier missions with zebrafish and fruit flies, said Xinhua. After the mice return with the Shenzhou XX spaceship, scientists will further study how space influences their bodies. Not just any mouse can become an “astronaut”. According to China Daily, these mice were chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training. They passed physical tests, like riding an “exercise bike”, and cognitive (认知的) tests, such as solving mazes (迷宫). Mice are ideal for space research because they share genetic (基因的) similarities with humans, need little space and reproduce quickly, Huang Kun from the Chinese Academy of Sciences told Xinhua. Also, given their short lifespans (寿命), six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human. This allows scientists to predict long-term space effects on humans in just months, rather than years. Internationally, sending animals to space began in the late 1940s to see if any life could survive the high rocket speeds or the weightlessness and radiation in space, said CBC News. Today, studies go beyond survival. “The animal work is helping us understand how to live a better life in space, making it a healthier reality, as well as helping us study a few diseases that affect us down on Earth,” a scientist said. For example, space is ideal for studying osteoporosis (骨质疏松), as microgravity causes bone loss 12 times faster than on Earth, said UCLA Health. In 2017, a study with 40 mice on the International Space Station found a treatment that slowed bone loss and helped new bones grow, offering hope for keeping humans healthy both on Earth and in space. Moreover, when we live on other planets, we can’t live without animals. Besides being friends, animals help keep ecosystems stable (稳定的) by pollinating (授粉) plants, maintaining food chains and more. 27．How long did the space mouse “astronauts” receive training before the launch? A．For half a month. B．For two months. C．For six months. D．For over 10 years. 28．Why are mice ideal for space research? ①They take up very little space.    ②They have similar genes to humans. ③They can live for over 10 years in space.    ④They can produce new generations quickly. A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③ 29．How has the purpose of sending animals to space changed over time? A．From testing survival to learning to live better in space. B．From studying diseases to checking rocket speed safety. C．From improving life in space to finding new test animals. D．From training animals to choosing those with good qualities. 30．What is the writer’s view on space-based animal research? A．It mainly helps scientists learn how animals survive in space, not humans. B．It is too early to understand its real value, for further studies are necessary. C．It is valuable for improving human health and supporting future life in space. D．It is a doubtful practice, so much more time is still needed to get clear results. 第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有一项是多余选项。 NASA Astronaut Training Program If you traveled to space tomorrow, what skills would you need? You’d need to know how to control your spacecraft. You’d need to know how to stay healthy in space. 31 NASA astronauts learn these skills in its Astronaut Training Program, a two-year course. In September 2025, NASA welcomed 10 new members. 32 They will learn what they need to travel to space. These candidates are part of a top group. Since 1959, NASA has chosen only 370 astronauts from thousands of people. More than 8,000 people tried to get the 10 places in the 2025 program. 33 Some have worked in the army. Others are scientists, like geologist Lauren Edgar. “The training is really fun,” Lawler said. “I’m studying as hard as I can to learn everything.” Lawler and her classmates are studying robotics, geology, medicine and survival skills. They will practice spacewalks, learn to fly jets and work with other astronauts. 34 Anyone can try for the program. NASA puts the application form online. Applicants must be healthy and have a STEM master’s degree and three years of work experience. 35 A．They will spend two years learning. B．You’d need to know how to do a spacewalk. C．The candidates have different jobs. D．Lawler is also studying Russian. E．NASA also values leadership, teamwork and communication. F．They can live on the moon one day. 四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 第一节 根据句意，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在横线上写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。 36．There is a ________ (可能性) that humans will build underground homes on Mars. 37．Living on Mars has both advantages and ________ (不利因素). 38．The first ________ (land) of the Tianwen-1 probe on Mars was a great achievement for China. 39．Every citizen should take ________ (responsible) for keeping public places clean and tidy. 40．________ (thankful), all the members of the exploration team came back from the desert safely. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺完整，每个单词或短语仅用一次。     so    sudden    find    point    look like Mr. Lin said to the kids, “See the stars in the sky. Those 41 of bright light can form shapes. Can you see the group of stars over there? It 42 a giant spoon. It’s the Big Dipper.” “Wow, interesting!” said Amy, who was looking through a telescope (望远镜). “So many stars! I never knew the nighttime sky could be 43 beautiful.” “Really? Let me have a look.” said Lucy. Lucy looked through the telescope for a while and shouted 44 , “A bright light is going fast in the sky!” “That’s a shooting star!” said Mr. Lin. “This is fun,” said Amy. “Tonight we have been the star explorers.” “Yes,” said Lucy. “I really enjoy looking at the stars now.” “So you’ve 45 the answer to your question, right?” Mr. Lin said to Lucy. 五、短文填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 A face-to-face meeting with Emperor Qinshihuang, once only a thought, is now within reach. In Central China’s Hunan Province, AI is making this kind of “meeting” p 46 —it’s making old things, places and even people from Qin Dynasty (221 — 206 BC) come alive. This fun project is from teamwork b 47 a Changsha company and archaeologists (考古学家). The team uses AI to collect information from old papers and things dug up. Also, they put them in o 48 . The company’s manager, Zhang Gangyi, showed how useful the technology is. He made a picture of Hua, an officer from the Qin Dynasty. Hua’s story and many facts of life in Qin times were written on about 38, 000 bamboo slips (竹简). People found these slips in 2002. They are very useful—they filled an e 49 part in history and told us 15-year life in an old Qin town. Now, the AI-made Hua is a guide at Liye Ancient Town Archaeological Site Park. The park opened again in October after being fixed. It has a new smart guiding system made by Zhang’s team. They t 50 the old words on the bamboo slips into fun videos. Visitors can scan QR codes (二维码) at the park to watch these videos. Then they can feel w 51 life was like 2, 000 years ago. All pictures, clothes and things in the videos are b 52 on real historical finds. For example, Hua’s clothes got ideas from Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb in Shaanxi. The team had to read many reports to get small facts right. This was a big c 53 for them. Zhang loves Chinese history very much. He said technology helps people learn about the p 54 better. “History is not just in museum boxes — people can f 55 it and talk with it,” he said. He thinks “culture + technology” will make traditional culture easier for everyone to enjoy. For example, visitors could wear VR (虚拟现实) glasses to see Qin Dynasty buildings on screen. 六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容用英语回答问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 You can buy lots of things during a livestream (直播), such as food and clothes, and now even a ticket to space. On October 24, Deep Blue Aerospace, a Chinese space company, sold two space travel tickets in a livestream. This was China’s first try of selling space tickets. The tickets were priced at 1.5 million yuan each. But during the stream, they were just 1 million yuan each. The 12-minute space trip will give a different experience. According to the company, passengers will sit in a spacecraft that is about 4 meters tall and 3. 5 meters wide, with six big windows and space for six people. The spacecraft will go 100 kilometers above Earth. Travelers will experience weightlessness (失重) for at least five minutes and see Earth from above before coming back down safely. Passengers between 18 and 60 years old can be chosen. And of course they should be healthy. After being chosen, they have to take some security training before the trip. The trip will use the company’s Nebula-rocket. It runs on oxygen and kerosene (煤油) and can be reused. With the development of modern technology, space tickets might become less expensive, said Huo Liang, CEO of Deep Blue Aerospace. The company plans to do lots of tests in 2026 to make sure the space trip is safe. They hope to begin the trip in 2027. 56．When did Deep Blue Aerospace sell the space travel tickets in a livestream? 57．How long will the space trip last? 58．Who can be chosen to take the space trip? 59．What does the Nebula-rocket run on? 60．What do you think of the space trip? 七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分20分） 61．由于地球愈来愈拥挤，将来我们有可能移居火星。请根据要点提示以“Life on Mars in the future”为题，写一篇短文来描述将来在火星上的生活情况。 要点： 1. 因为火星重力只有地球重力的八分之三，所以人们出去不得不穿特制的靴子以免他们飘浮进入太空； 2. 人们将有更多空间，他们将住在大而舒服的房间里； 3. 人们能有更多的时间放松，因为机器人做了大部分工作； 4. 火星上的食物将是药片的形式，没有地球上的食物可口； 5. 火星上没有学校，每个学生将有一台和星际网络相连的电脑，他们将在网络学校和电子老师一起学习； 6. 航天飞机速度很快，但不是很舒服。 要求： 1. 语意连贯，层次清晰，书写清楚； 2. 文中不得出现真实的校名和人名； 3. 词数：90左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Life on Mars in the future In the future, people would move to other planets including Mars because the Earth is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. What would life on Mars be like? Let’s go and have a look. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共10页） 试题 第4页（共10页） 试题 第1页（共10页） 试题 第2页（共10页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年九年级下册英语单元自测 Unit 4 Exploring space·基础通关 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 1．The ________ is a kind of special vehicle that can carry astronauts and equipment into outer space. A. pilot B. spacecraft C. base D. tank 2．China successfully ________ the Shenzhou-18 manned spacecraft into space in April, 2024. A. launched B. landed C. fetched D. forced 3．The temperature on the surface of Mars is usually below -50℃. It is really ________ for human beings. A. pale B. proper C. freezing D. scary 4．People cannot live on the Moon ________ enough water and fresh air. A. with B. without C. because of D. instead of 5．No matter how difficult the task is, we should never ________ before we try our best. A. throw in the towel B. carry out C. come out D. get through 6．________, a huge sandstorm came and the whole sky became dark in a minute. A. In case B. All of a sudden C. For example D. At first 7．The astronauts will________ a number of scientific experiments during their stay on the space station. A. take up B. set up C. carry out D. put up 8．Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin ________ the first humans to walk on the Moon in 1969. A. become B. became C. will become D. have become 9．The little girl was ________ when she saw the strange green lights in the forest at night. A. shocked B. thankful C. reusable D. proper 10．— I hope I can travel to space by spaceship one day. — ________. It must be a wonderful experience. A. I'm afraid not B. I hope so too C. Of course not D. You're welcome 二、完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 NASA said it could send astronauts to Mars as early as the 2030s. These astronauts will stay on Mars for more than two years. So before sending them to Mars, NASA need to know how people will do things when they live in a small group, far away from the earth, for such a 11 time. It has decided to do a piece of 12 first. Three men and three women will take part in the research to 13 what it will be like to live on Mars. They will do this without leaving the 14 . NASA will do the research in a 15 building on the side of a volcano (火山) in Hawaii. The volcano is called Mauna Loa. It is the biggest active volcano in the world. NASA 16 this place to do the research because it looks like Mars. Three men and three women will 17 in this building for eight months. During the eight months, the six people will only be able to 18 NASA by email. To make it more like being on Mars, it will 19 them 40 minutes to get an answer to an email. That's because the 20 needs 20 minutes to travel from Mars to the earth. By doing this research, NASA hopes to learn how to choose the best people for the space travel to Mars. 11．A．short B．long C．boring D．funny 12．A．information B．research C．news D．music 13．A．look for B．look out C．find out D．search for 14．A．moon B．sun C．Mars D．earth 15．A．special B．strange C．simple D．small 16．A．trains B．buys C．chooses D．sends 17．A．play B．sleep C．live D．practise 18．A．thank for B．share with C．work for D．communicate with 19．A．take B．spend C．pay D．use 20．A．message B．advice C．speech D．plan 三、阅读理解（共两节, 15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分） 第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Have you ever looked up at the Milky Way and wondered whether intelligent life is out there? Well, it is on Planet EUB3, and you could be, too. Come to spend a month with us on the Earth’s sister planet, and you will: BEAT GRAVITY! MEET FRIENDLY ALIENS! FOLD SPACE! STAY YOUNG! Folding (折) space means certain risks, I need to tell you that you may be crushed by dark matter. But relax. No human has ever died in this way. We have transported more than 300 happy campers to EUB3 and back No one feels bad during the space travel. Time on the Earth does not match time on EUB3. When you return to the Earth, classmates will be a year ahead of you. Family members will also be one year older. 21．The text is a ______. A．poster B．lyric C．song D．map 22．What’s EUB3? A．It’s an island. B．It’s a kind of aliens. C．It’s a kind of transportation. D．It’s the sister planet of the Earth. 23．Which of the following information is NOT included in the text? A．What you will do on EUB3. B．How long you will spend on EUB3. C．When you will start the journey to EUB3. D．How many campers have been transported to EUB3. B What if things in your home—your toothbrush, books, desks, even you!—suddenly seemed weightless and began to float? This is what astronauts experience in a space station—microgravity (微重力). Even though the space station and the astronauts inside are in space, Earth’s gravity is still pulling on them, though very weak. Let’s explore the astronauts’ life in space. Though there are some challenges, life in space is a super-fun. Eating and sleeping Need to get from one place to another? Just push off a surface and glide there! Nothing stays put. Imagine turning on a tap. Water would go flying everywhere. Astronauts aren’t allowed to eat anything in the space station that creates crumbs (碎屑). Food crumbs can become a disaster if they get into equipment (设备). That’s why astronauts eat specially prepared meals. There’s no “up” or “down” in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags tied to the wall. Their arms will float in front of them while they sleep. Astronauts have to keep their bodies strong. There’s less stress on bones in space, for gravity is weaker. Muscles (肌肉) aren’t used as much. Their bones and muscles grow weaker. Even astronauts’ hearts can weaken. Every astronaut has to exercise for about two hours a day. Most of the exercise equipment is specially designed to imitate the feel of gravity. Work and play Astronauts spend much of their time working. They do a lot of experiments—from space life science to new spacecraft technologies. Sometimes they do spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of the station. When they have free time, astronauts kick back by reading books and looking down at Earth. 24．According to the text, what may cause danger to the space station? A．Water in special bags. B．Very tiny food pieces. C．Specially prepared meals. D．Sleeping bags tied to the wall. 25．Which of the following should go in the empty box? A．Exercising for a strong heart. B．Moving freely. C．Dealing with space loneliness. D．Staying strong. 26．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Strange changes to astronauts’ bodies in space. B．Astronauts’ fun and challenging life in space. C．How astronauts do experiments in space environments. D．Why astronauts inside the space station can’t stay put. C Imagine taking a long space trip with your pet. How do you both stay healthy in hard conditions like microgravity (微重力) and space radiation (辐射)? That’s where space-based animal research comes in. On Oct 31, China’s Shenzhou XXI mission launched (启动) with four mice aboard. This is the first time China has sent mice into space for experiments, following earlier missions with zebrafish and fruit flies, said Xinhua. After the mice return with the Shenzhou XX spaceship, scientists will further study how space influences their bodies. Not just any mouse can become an “astronaut”. According to China Daily, these mice were chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training. They passed physical tests, like riding an “exercise bike”, and cognitive (认知的) tests, such as solving mazes (迷宫). Mice are ideal for space research because they share genetic (基因的) similarities with humans, need little space and reproduce quickly, Huang Kun from the Chinese Academy of Sciences told Xinhua. Also, given their short lifespans (寿命), six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human. This allows scientists to predict long-term space effects on humans in just months, rather than years. Internationally, sending animals to space began in the late 1940s to see if any life could survive the high rocket speeds or the weightlessness and radiation in space, said CBC News. Today, studies go beyond survival. “The animal work is helping us understand how to live a better life in space, making it a healthier reality, as well as helping us study a few diseases that affect us down on Earth,” a scientist said. For example, space is ideal for studying osteoporosis (骨质疏松), as microgravity causes bone loss 12 times faster than on Earth, said UCLA Health. In 2017, a study with 40 mice on the International Space Station found a treatment that slowed bone loss and helped new bones grow, offering hope for keeping humans healthy both on Earth and in space. Moreover, when we live on other planets, we can’t live without animals. Besides being friends, animals help keep ecosystems stable (稳定的) by pollinating (授粉) plants, maintaining food chains and more. 27．How long did the space mouse “astronauts” receive training before the launch? A．For half a month. B．For two months. C．For six months. D．For over 10 years. 28．Why are mice ideal for space research? ①They take up very little space.    ②They have similar genes to humans. ③They can live for over 10 years in space.    ④They can produce new generations quickly. A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③ 29．How has the purpose of sending animals to space changed over time? A．From testing survival to learning to live better in space. B．From studying diseases to checking rocket speed safety. C．From improving life in space to finding new test animals. D．From training animals to choosing those with good qualities. 30．What is the writer’s view on space-based animal research? A．It mainly helps scientists learn how animals survive in space, not humans. B．It is too early to understand its real value, for further studies are necessary. C．It is valuable for improving human health and supporting future life in space. D．It is a doubtful practice, so much more time is still needed to get clear results. 第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有一项是多余选项。 NASA Astronaut Training Program If you traveled to space tomorrow, what skills would you need? You’d need to know how to control your spacecraft. You’d need to know how to stay healthy in space. 31 NASA astronauts learn these skills in its Astronaut Training Program, a two-year course. In September 2025, NASA welcomed 10 new members. 32 They will learn what they need to travel to space. These candidates are part of a top group. Since 1959, NASA has chosen only 370 astronauts from thousands of people. More than 8,000 people tried to get the 10 places in the 2025 program. 33 Some have worked in the army. Others are scientists, like geologist Lauren Edgar. “The training is really fun,” Lawler said. “I’m studying as hard as I can to learn everything.” Lawler and her classmates are studying robotics, geology, medicine and survival skills. They will practice spacewalks, learn to fly jets and work with other astronauts. 34 Anyone can try for the program. NASA puts the application form online. Applicants must be healthy and have a STEM master’s degree and three years of work experience. 35 A．They will spend two years learning. B．You’d need to know how to do a spacewalk. C．The candidates have different jobs. D．Lawler is also studying Russian. E．NASA also values leadership, teamwork and communication. F．They can live on the moon one day. 四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 第一节 根据句意，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。在横线上写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。 36．There is a ________ (可能性) that humans will build underground homes on Mars. 37．Living on Mars has both advantages and ________ (不利因素). 38．The first ________ (land) of the Tianwen-1 probe on Mars was a great achievement for China. 39．Every citizen should take ________ (responsible) for keeping public places clean and tidy. 40．________ (thankful), all the members of the exploration team came back from the desert safely. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺完整，每个单词或短语仅用一次。     so    sudden    find    point    look like Mr. Lin said to the kids, “See the stars in the sky. Those 41 of bright light can form shapes. Can you see the group of stars over there? It 42 a giant spoon. It’s the Big Dipper.” “Wow, interesting!” said Amy, who was looking through a telescope (望远镜). “So many stars! I never knew the nighttime sky could be 43 beautiful.” “Really? Let me have a look.” said Lucy. Lucy looked through the telescope for a while and shouted 44 , “A bright light is going fast in the sky!” “That’s a shooting star!” said Mr. Lin. “This is fun,” said Amy. “Tonight we have been the star explorers.” “Yes,” said Lucy. “I really enjoy looking at the stars now.” “So you’ve 45 the answer to your question, right?” Mr. Lin said to Lucy. 五、短文填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 A face-to-face meeting with Emperor Qinshihuang, once only a thought, is now within reach. In Central China’s Hunan Province, AI is making this kind of “meeting” p 46 —it’s making old things, places and even people from Qin Dynasty (221 — 206 BC) come alive. This fun project is from teamwork b 47 a Changsha company and archaeologists (考古学家). The team uses AI to collect information from old papers and things dug up. Also, they put them in o 48 . The company’s manager, Zhang Gangyi, showed how useful the technology is. He made a picture of Hua, an officer from the Qin Dynasty. Hua’s story and many facts of life in Qin times were written on about 38, 000 bamboo slips (竹简). People found these slips in 2002. They are very useful—they filled an e 49 part in history and told us 15-year life in an old Qin town. Now, the AI-made Hua is a guide at Liye Ancient Town Archaeological Site Park. The park opened again in October after being fixed. It has a new smart guiding system made by Zhang’s team. They t 50 the old words on the bamboo slips into fun videos. Visitors can scan QR codes (二维码) at the park to watch these videos. Then they can feel w 51 life was like 2, 000 years ago. All pictures, clothes and things in the videos are b 52 on real historical finds. For example, Hua’s clothes got ideas from Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb in Shaanxi. The team had to read many reports to get small facts right. This was a big c 53 for them. Zhang loves Chinese history very much. He said technology helps people learn about the p 54 better. “History is not just in museum boxes — people can f 55 it and talk with it,” he said. He thinks “culture + technology” will make traditional culture easier for everyone to enjoy. For example, visitors could wear VR (虚拟现实) glasses to see Qin Dynasty buildings on screen. 六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容用英语回答问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 You can buy lots of things during a livestream (直播), such as food and clothes, and now even a ticket to space. On October 24, Deep Blue Aerospace, a Chinese space company, sold two space travel tickets in a livestream. This was China’s first try of selling space tickets. The tickets were priced at 1.5 million yuan each. But during the stream, they were just 1 million yuan each. The 12-minute space trip will give a different experience. According to the company, passengers will sit in a spacecraft that is about 4 meters tall and 3. 5 meters wide, with six big windows and space for six people. The spacecraft will go 100 kilometers above Earth. Travelers will experience weightlessness (失重) for at least five minutes and see Earth from above before coming back down safely. Passengers between 18 and 60 years old can be chosen. And of course they should be healthy. After being chosen, they have to take some security training before the trip. The trip will use the company’s Nebula-rocket. It runs on oxygen and kerosene (煤油) and can be reused. With the development of modern technology, space tickets might become less expensive, said Huo Liang, CEO of Deep Blue Aerospace. The company plans to do lots of tests in 2026 to make sure the space trip is safe. They hope to begin the trip in 2027. 56．When did Deep Blue Aerospace sell the space travel tickets in a livestream? 57．How long will the space trip last? 58．Who can be chosen to take the space trip? 59．What does the Nebula-rocket run on? 60．What do you think of the space trip? 七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分20分） 61．由于地球愈来愈拥挤，将来我们有可能移居火星。请根据要点提示以“Life on Mars in the future”为题，写一篇短文来描述将来在火星上的生活情况。 要点： 1. 因为火星重力只有地球重力的八分之三，所以人们出去不得不穿特制的靴子以免他们飘浮进入太空； 2. 人们将有更多空间，他们将住在大而舒服的房间里； 3. 人们能有更多的时间放松，因为机器人做了大部分工作； 4. 火星上的食物将是药片的形式，没有地球上的食物可口； 5. 火星上没有学校，每个学生将有一台和星际网络相连的电脑，他们将在网络学校和电子老师一起学习； 6. 航天飞机速度很快，但不是很舒服。 要求： 1. 语意连贯，层次清晰，书写清楚； 2. 文中不得出现真实的校名和人名； 3. 词数：90左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Life on Mars in the future In the future, people would move to other planets including Mars because the Earth is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. What would life on Mars be like? Let’s go and have a look. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $