内容正文:
Unit 5 Amazing Places
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
主题一:地理方位、地形与自然风光
1. Mount n. 山;山峰
Mount Tai is famous in China. 泰山在中国很有名。
2. lie v. 位于;坐落在;平躺
The town lies in the southeast. 这座小镇位于东南部。
3. province n. 省份
Fujian is a beautiful province. 福建是一个美丽的省份。
4. east n. 东;东方
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
5. south-east n. 东南;东南地区
Guangdong is in the south-east of China. 广东位于中国东南部。
6. south-west adj. 西南部的 n. 西南方
Yunnan is in the south-west of our country. 云南在我国西南方。
7. northwest n. 西北;西北方
Xinjiang is in the northwest of China. 新疆在中国西北。
8. landscape n. 风景,景色
The mountain landscape is amazing. 山间景色美不胜收。
9. countryside n. 乡村
We spent our holiday in the countryside. 我们在乡村度假。
10. beach n. 海滩;沙滩
Children like playing on the beach. 孩子们喜欢在沙滩玩耍。
11. terrace n. 梯田;排屋;阳台
The rice terraces look wonderful. 这片梯田看起来美极了。
12. field n. 田;地;场地
Farmers work in the field every day. 农民每天在田里劳作。
13. flat adj. 平坦的;平的
The land here is flat. 这里的土地很平坦。
14. natural adj. 天然的;自然的
We should protect natural resources. 我们应该保护自然资源。
15. above adv. 在(或向)上面 prep. 在(或向)…… 上面
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上方飞行。
16. below adv. 在(或到)下面 prep. 在(或到)…… 下面
The valley is far below us. 山谷在我们脚下很远的地方。
17. view n. 景色,风景;视野
You can get a great view from the mountain top. 山顶视野绝佳。
主题二:建筑、地标与历史古迹
1. nest n. 鸟巢;鸟窝
The birds built a nest in the tree. 鸟儿在树上筑了一个巢。
2. palace n. 王宫;宫殿
The old palace has a long history. 这座古老宫殿历史悠久。
3. landmark n. 地标
This tower is a famous landmark of the city. 这座塔是城市著名地标。
4. structure n. 结构体;结构;构造
The stone structure is strong enough. 这个石质结构十分坚固。
5. watchtower n. 瞭望塔;岗楼
Soldiers kept watch from the watchtower. 士兵在瞭望塔放哨。
6. stone n. 石头
The wall is made of stone. 这面墙由石头砌成。
7. base n. 底部,根基;基地
The base of the building is very solid. 这座建筑的根基很稳固。
8. firm adj. 牢固的,稳固的;坚固的
Keep your feet firm on the ground. 双脚稳稳踩在地面。
9. broken adj. 破损的;残缺的
Don’t touch the broken glass. 不要触碰碎玻璃。
10. site n. 地点,位置;现场;站点
This is the site of an old city. 这里是一座古城遗址。
11. material n. 材料
Wood is a useful building material. 木材是有用的建筑材料。
主题三:文化、历史与人文
1. ceremony n. 仪式;典礼
We took part in the opening ceremony. 我们参加了开幕式。
2. Olympics n. 奥林匹克运动会;奥运会
The Olympics brings people together. 奥运会把人们聚在一起。
3. culture n. 文化
Chinese culture is rich and wonderful. 中国文化丰富而精彩。
4. cultural adj. 文化的;与文化有关的
We learn about cultural differences. 我们了解文化差异。
5. saying n. 谚语;格言
As the old saying goes, practice makes perfect. 常言道,熟能生巧。
6. wisdom n. 智慧;才智
Old people have much wisdom. 长者拥有很多智慧。
7. nation n. 国家;民族
Every nation has its own traditions. 每个民族都有自己的传统。
8. emperor n. 皇帝
The emperor ruled the country long ago. 很久以前皇帝统治这个国家。
9. empress n. 皇后;女皇
The empress lived in the palace. 皇后住在宫殿里。
10. wife (pl. wives) n. 妻子
His wife likes reading. 他的妻子喜欢读书。
11. Roman n. 罗马人 adj. 罗马的
Roman culture influences Europe a lot. 罗马文化对欧洲影响深远。
12. performing arts n. (pl.) 表演艺术
She studies performing arts at school. 她在校学习表演艺术。
13. trade n. 贸易
Sea trade developed quickly in ancient times. 古代海上贸易发展迅速。
14. route n. 路线;路途;常规路线
This was an old trade route. 这是一条古老的商路。
15. government n. 政府
The government protects old buildings. 政府保护古建筑。
16. protection n. 保护;防卫
We need protection for ancient relics. 古迹需要我们的保护。
主题四:旅行、人物与出行活动
1. traveler n. 旅行者;旅客;游客
The traveler visited many places. 这位旅行者游览了很多地方。
2. visitor n. 来访者;游客
Visitors must follow the rules here. 游客必须遵守这里的规定。
3. sail v. 航行 n. 帆
They will sail across the lake. 他们将要横渡这片湖。
4. bicycle n. (bike) 自行车
I go to school by bicycle. 我骑自行车上学。
5. vacation n. (学校的) 假期
We will go on a trip during vacation. 假期我们要去旅行。
6. dining n. 用餐
The dining hall is clean and bright. 餐厅干净明亮。
7. hostess n. 女房东;女主持人
The hostess welcomed us warmly. 女主人热情接待我们。
8. T-shirt n. T 恤衫
I wear a cotton T-shirt in summer. 夏天我穿棉质 T 恤。
9. tea n. 茶(水);茶叶
Chinese tea is popular all over the world. 中国茶享誉世界。
主题五:军队、战争与人物身份
1. soldier n. 军人;(尤指)士兵
The soldier guarded the gate. 士兵守卫大门。
2. enemy n. 敌人;仇人;反对者
They fought against the enemy bravely. 他们勇敢对抗敌人。
3. Indian adj. 印度的
He likes Indian food very much. 他非常喜欢印度食物。
主题六:描述词、程度副词与状态词汇
1. central adj. 在中心的;中央的
The park lies in the central part of the city. 公园位于城市中心。
2. rich adj. 丰富多彩的;富有的;油腻的
The area has rich natural resources. 这个地区自然资源丰富。
3. whole adj. 全部的;整体的
He spent the whole day outside. 他在外边待了一整天。
4. unusual adj. 特别的,不寻常的
It is an unusual story. 这是一个不寻常的故事。
5. thick adj. 茂密的;厚的
There is thick forest on the mountain. 山上有茂密的森林。
6. quite adv. 十分;相当
The mountain is quite high. 这座山相当高。
7. already adv. 已经;早已
We have already visited the palace. 我们已经参观过这座宫殿。
8. yet conj. 但是;然而
The place is small, yet beautiful. 这个地方很小,但是很美。
9. surely adv. 无疑;必定;想必
He will surely come tomorrow. 他明天一定会来。
10. quickly adv. 迅速地;很快地
Run quickly, or you will miss the bus. 快跑,不然赶不上公交车。
主题七:动作动词
1. lean v. 倾斜
The old tree leans to one side. 这棵老树向一边倾斜。
2. fix v. 修理;校正
Can you fix my broken bike? 你能修好我的坏自行车吗?
3. expect v. 期待;预计;要求;指望
We expect to visit the landmark next week. 我们期待下周参观这个地标。
4. warn v. 劝告;警告;告诫
The guide warns us to be careful. 导游警告我们要小心。
5. forward adv. 向前
Move forward and you can see the gate. 向前走就能看见大门。
6. finish v. 完成;做好
I will finish my travel plan tonight. 今晚我会完成旅行计划。
主题八:名词(度量、事物、信息)
1. length n. 长;长度
What’s the length of the wall? 这面墙长度是多少?
2. interest n. 吸引力;兴趣
I have an interest in old buildings. 我对古建筑很感兴趣。
3. average n. 平均数 adj. 平均的
The average temperature here is 20 degrees. 这里平均气温 20 度。
4. heaven n. 天堂
The place looks like heaven on earth. 此地宛如人间天堂。
5. message n. 信息,消息 v. 发即时信息
Send me a message when you arrive. 到达后给我发消息。
6. system n. 系统;体制
The country has a good protection system. 这个国家拥有完善的保护体系。
7. pig n. 猪
The farmer keeps many pigs. 这位农民养了很多猪。
8. lotus n. 莲属植物
The lotus grows in the lake. 莲花生长在湖中。
短
语
1. be made of (由…… 制成)
The table is made of stone.(这张桌子由石头制成。)
2. be rich in (富含;充满)
This area is rich in natural resources.(这个地区自然资源丰富。)
3. be known for (因…… 而众所周知)
The town is known for its beautiful terraces.(这座小镇因其美丽的梯田闻名。)
4. make better use of (更好地利用)
We should make better use of the natural land.(我们应该更好地利用这片土地。)
5. feel free (随意)
Feel free to ask me questions about the trip.(关于这次旅行,尽管问我。)
6. be helpful for (对…… 有帮助)
Reading is helpful for learning about cultural history.(阅读有助于学习文化历史。)
7. be short of (缺乏……)
The village was short of water in the past.(这个村庄过去缺水。)
8. look forward to (盼望)
We look forward to visiting the palace.(我们盼望参观这座宫殿。)
9. in shapes of (呈…… 的形状)
The stones are in shapes of different animals.(这些石头呈不同动物的形状。)
10. millions of (数百万的)
Millions of visitors come here every year.(每年数百万游客来到这里。)
11. be popular with (受…… 欢迎)
Tea is popular with travelers around the world.(茶受到世界各地游客的喜爱。)
12. take boats (乘船)
We take boats to enjoy the lake view.(我们乘船欣赏湖景。)
13. places of cultural interest (文化名胜)
There are many places of cultural interest in China.(中国有许多文化名胜。)
14. national flag-raising ceremony (升国旗仪式)
We watched the national flag-raising ceremony.(我们观看了升国旗仪式。)
15. pay attention to (注意)
Please pay attention to the warning signs.(请注意这些警示标识。)
16. raise fish and ducks (养鱼养鸭)
Local farmers raise fish and ducks in the fields.(当地农民在田里养鱼养鸭。)
17. water-filled rice fields (水田)
The water-filled rice fields look like mirrors.(水田看起来像镜子。)
18. in ancient times (在古代)
People used stone tools in ancient times.(在古代人们使用石器。)
19. send messages (传递信息)
Soldiers sent messages along the route.(士兵沿着这条路线传递信息。)
20. trading routes (贸易路线)
This was one of the old trading routes.(这是古老的贸易路线之一。)
21. a symbol of the nation (国家的象征)
The palace is a symbol of the nation.(这座宫殿是国家的象征。)
22. keep out (阻挡)
The high walls can keep out enemies.(高墙可以阻挡敌人。)
23. be sure to (一定)
Be sure to visit the watchtower when you come.(你来的时候一定要参观瞭望塔。)
24. be important for (对…… 重要)
Protection is important for these old buildings.(保护对这些古建筑很重要。)
25. not only... but also... (不仅…… 而且……)
The place is not only beautiful but also full of history.(这个地方不仅美丽而且充满历史底蕴。)
实
用
交
际
句
型
一、询问地点、方位(核心交际)
1. Where is …? …… 在哪里?
Where is the Palace Museum? It lies in the center of Beijing.故宫在哪里?它位于北京中心。
2. Where does … lie? … 坐落在哪里?
Where does the small village lie? It lies in the southeast of the province.
这个小村庄坐落在哪?它位于这个省的东南部。
3. What’s in the …? … 里面有什么?
What’s in the ancient palace? There are many old buildings.古老宫殿里面有什么?有很多古建筑。
二、介绍景点、描述特征
1. What’s … famous for? … 因什么闻名?
What’s Guilin famous for? It’s famous for its beautiful landscape.
桂林因什么闻名?它以美丽的山水闻名。
2. It is known for … 它因…… 而闻名。
It is known for its special terraces.它因独特的梯田而闻名。
3. It is a symbol of … 它是…… 的象征。
The national flag is a symbol of the nation.国旗是国家的象征。
4. It has a history of … 它有……(时间)的历史。
The old wall has a history of hundreds of years.这面古墙有数百年历史。
5. It looks like … 它看起来像……
The water-filled rice fields look like mirrors.水田看起来像镜子。
三、谈论旅行、计划与期待
1. Have you ever been to …? 你曾经去过…… 吗?
Have you ever been to the Great Wall? Yes, I have.你去过长城吗?是的,我去过。
2. I’m looking forward to visiting … 我期待参观……
I’m looking forward to visiting those places of cultural interest.我期待参观那些文化名胜。
3. When are you going to visit …? 你打算什么时候参观……?
I plan to visit it during my vacation.我计划假期去参观。
4. How can we get there? 我们怎么去那里?
We can take boats to get there.我们可以乘船去那儿。
四、提出建议、提醒与警告
1. You’d better … 你最好……
You’d better pay attention to the signs when you visit.参观时你最好留意标识。
2. Be sure to … 一定要……
Be sure to protect the old buildings.一定要保护古建筑。
3. Remember to … 记得……
Remember not to touch the broken stones.记得不要触碰破损的石头。
4. Warning: … 警告:……
Warn visitors not to climb the wall.告诫游客不要攀爬城墙。
五、评价风景、文化感受
1. What do you think of …? = How do you like …? 你觉得…… 怎么样?
What do you think of this landscape? It’s quite amazing.你觉得这片风景怎么样?相当令人惊叹。
2. It’s well worth visiting. 很值得参观。
The ancient town is well worth visiting.这座古镇很值得参观。
3. Not only … but also … 不仅…… 而且……
It is not only beautiful but also full of culture.它不仅美丽,而且富有文化底蕴
六、询问信息、简单问答
1. How long is …? … 多长?
How long is the wall? No one knows the exact length.这墙有多长?没人知道确切长度。
2. Millions of people come to … every year.每年数百万人来到……
Millions of visitors come here every year.每年数百万游客来这里。
语法
1. 后缀 -y
2. 动词不定式to do
写作
介绍神奇的地方
一、知识点精讲
知识点1. Which place do you plan to visit during your holiday?(假期你计划去哪个地方参观?)(P74)
讲:①“plan to do sth.” 表 “计划做某事”;
②during与in区别
1.强调动作或状态的持续性时用during.
During the three months he always asks a lot of questions. We usually spend a holiday in July.
2.在季节名词前用during是特指,要用定冠词 the
Children enjoy flying kites in spring. We often go skating during the winter.
3. 在表示一段时间的名词(如holiday, stay, visit, lesson, meal等)前,一般要用during
I went to see my uncle during my stay in Beijing. I will visit my grandparents during the summer holidays.
知识点2. I plan to visit Mount Huangshan.(我计划去参观黄山。)(P74)
visit v. 参观;拜访;访问;探望 n. 参观;拜访;访问
词形变换:过去式 visited;过去分词 visited;现在分词 visiting;第三人称单数 visits
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
visit sb.
拜访 / 探望某人
visit 后直接接人,不加 to
I will visit my grandma this weekend.这个周末我要去看望奶奶。
visit sp.
参观某地;游览某地
visit 后直接接地点名词,不加 to
We visited the museum yesterday.昨天我们参观了博物馆。
pay a visit to sb./sp.
拜访某人 / 参观某地
名词用法,必须加介词 to
He paid a visit to his teacher last week.上周他拜访了他的老师。
a visit to …
一次去…… 的参观 / 访问
名词短语,to 表对象
This is my first visit to Beijing.这是我第一次来北京。
考固定搭配
① visit sb. 拜访某人(及物动词,不加 to,易错点!)
② visit sp. 参观某地(及物动词,不加 to)
③ pay a visit to sb./sp. 拜访 / 参观(visit 此时是名词,必须加 to)
拓展派生词
visitor n. 参观者;游客;来访者
There are many visitors in the park. 公园里有很多游客。
知识点3. We are walking on Tian’anmen Square.(我们正在天安门广场上散步。)(P75)
walk on 词形变换:过去式 walked on;过去分词 walked on;现在分词 walking on;三单 walks on
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
walk on
继续往前走;继续行走
on 副词,表 “持续”;后可接地点状语
Walk on, and you’ll see the library.继续往前走,你就会看到图书馆。
walk on sth.
在…… 上面走
on 介词,后接名词(地面 / 物体)
Don’t walk on the grass.不要践踏草地。
必考固定搭配
① walk on (副词短语)继续走 = go on walking
② walk on + 名词 在…… 上面行走(中考高频:walk on the grass 践踏草坪)
易混辨析 walk on /walk along /walk past
短语
含义
侧重点
例句
walk on
继续走;在…… 上面走
on 可表持续,或表 “在某物表面”
Walk on for 100 meters. 继续走 100 米。
walk along
沿着…… 走
沿着道路、河岸等线性物体前进
Walk along the street, and turn left.沿着这条街走,然后左转。
walk past
走过,经过
从人 / 物的旁边路过,不停留
I walked past the shop just now.我刚才路过这家商店。
知识点4. We can’t wait to see the national flag going up.(我们迫不及待地想看到国旗升起。)(P75)
①can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事(核心!to 是不定式符号,后面动词原形)
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
can’t wait to do sth.
迫不及待做某事
to + 动词原形;中考高频
I can’t wait to open the gift.我迫不及待要打开礼物。
can’t wait for sth.
迫不及待(想要某物)
for + 名词 / 代词
She can’t wait for the summer holiday.她迫不及待等着暑假。
拓展:wait 基础短语
- wait for sb./sth. 等待某人 / 某物
- wait to do sth. 等着去做某事
- can’t help doing 忍不住做某事(易混)
易混辨析can’t wait to do /look forward to doing /can’t help doing
短语
含义
搭配要点
例句
can’t wait to do
迫不及待做某事(心情急切,马上想做)
to + 动词原形
We can’t wait to visit the museum.我们迫不及待想去参观博物馆。
look forward to doing
期待做某事(心里盼望,时间可长可短)
to 是介词,+doing
I look forward to meeting you.我期待见到你。
can’t help doing
忍不住 / 情不自禁做某事
help 后面 + doing
He couldn’t help laughing.他忍不住笑了。
②go up
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
go up
(价格、温度、数量)上升,上涨;向上走;上楼;被兴建;起火
不及物短语,后面不加宾语
The price of rice went up last month.大米价格上个月上涨了。Go up and open the window.上楼把窗户打开。
必考固定搭配
① (price/temperature) go up (价格、气温)上涨、上升(中考高频)
② go up (to + 地点) 走上前去;上楼
③ go up in flames 起火,烧毁(了解)
易混辨析:go up /rise/increase
单词 / 短语
含义
侧重点
例句
go up
上升,上涨
短语动词;不及物,多用于价格、气温,不能接宾语
The temperature goes up in spring.春天气温上升。
rise
v. 上升;升起
不及物动词;侧重自然升起(太阳、水位)
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
increase
v. 增加
可及物 / 不及物;侧重数量、规模增加
The population increases quickly.人口快速增长。
知识点5. A fact is something you can check true or false.(事实是你可以核实真假的事物。)(P78)
check v. 检查;核对;查看;核实 n. 检查;核查;支票
词形变换:过去式 checked;过去分词 checked;现在分词 checking;第三人称单数 checks
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
check sth.
检查 / 核对某物
及物动词,后直接接宾语
Please check your homework.请检查你的作业。
check sth. (with sb.)
(向某人)核实某事
with 引出核实的对象
You should check the time with him.你应该向他核实一下时间。
check in
(酒店)登记入住;(机场)办理登机
不及物短语
We checked in at the hotel at 7.我们七点在酒店办理入住。
check out
结账离开;核实,查证
不及物短语
They checked out of the hotel this morning.他们今早退房。
check on sb./sth.
查看;留意(人 / 物状态)
on 不可省略
Please check on the baby.去看一下宝宝。
必考固定搭配
① check sth. 检查某物(中考基础)
② check in (at…) 在…… 登记入住 / 办理登机
③ check out (of…) 从…… 结账离开
拓展派生词:checker n. 检查员;棋子 checklist n. 清单;检查表
易混辨析: check /examine/test
单词
词性
侧重点
例句
check
v.
快速核对、查看,确认是否无误
Check your answers before handing in.交卷前核对答案。
examine
v.
仔细检查;正式体检;考试(书面)
The doctor examined my eyes.医生检查了我的眼睛。
test
v.
测试;检验,看性能 / 能力是否合格
We test the new machine.我们测试这台新机器。
知识点6. To make it strong and light as well, we built the whole stadium with a strong new material.(为了使它既坚固又轻便,我们用一种坚固的新型材料建造了整个体育场。)(P79)
①as well
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
as well
也;同样地
放在句末,前面不加逗号;多用于肯定句
I like English. I like math as well.我喜欢英语,我也喜欢数学。
as well as
和;以及;不但… 而且
连词短语,连接并列成分;主谓一致看前面主语
Tom as well as his friends likes basketball.汤姆和他的朋友们喜欢篮球。
必考固定搭配
① as well 也(句末,肯定句)= too
② as well as 和;以及(重点考点:主谓一致就远原则)
⚠️ 注意:as well as 不是 “和… 一样好”;“和…… 一样好” 是 as…as:He sings as well as you. 他唱得和你一样好。(well 是副词)
易混辨析: as well /too/also /either
单词 / 短语
含义
位置 & 使用场景
例句
as well
也
句末,肯定句;前面无逗号
She can swim, and she can skate as well.
too
也
句末,肯定句;可加逗号
She can swim, too.
also
也
句中(实义动词前,be / 助动词后)
She can also swim.
either
也
句末,否定句
She can’t swim either.
with prep. 和…… 一起;带有;用;关于;随着
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
with sb.
和某人一起
作伴随状语
I will go shopping with my mother.我要和妈妈一起去购物。
with sth.
带有某物;具有(特征)
名词后置定语
The girl with long hair is my sister.那个留长发的女孩是我妹妹。
with + 工具
用某种工具
后接具体工具(有形)
We cut apples with a knife.我们用刀切苹果。
with pleasure
乐意地;没问题
用来愉快答应别人请求
—Could you help me? —With pleasure.—— 你能帮我吗?—— 乐意效劳。
知识点7. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan may be a good choice.(云南红河哈尼梯田可能是一个不错的选择。)(P80)
choice n. 选择;抉择;挑选 adj. 优质的(了解)
词形变换:复数 choices;动词形式 choose /tʃuːz/(过去式 chose;过去分词 chosen;现在分词 choosing)
短语
含义
例句
make a choice
做选择
You should make a choice now.你现在应该做出选择。
have no choice but to do sth.
别无选择,只能做某事
We have no choice but to wait.我们别无选择,只能等待。
a choice between A and B
在 A 和 B 之间做选择
It’s a choice between study and play.这是在学习和玩耍之间做选择。
必考固定搭配
① have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事(重点)
② make a choice 做出选择
③ have a choice 有选择权
> ⚠️ 词形大坑:
> choose(v. 选择)→ choice(n. 选择)
> 变形:choose — chose — chosen
拓展:choose 的短语(同源词,常一起考)
- choose to do sth. 选择去做某事
- choose sb. as… 选某人作为……
单词
词性
用法
例句
choice
名词 n.
作主语、宾语;搭配 make a choice
It’s a good choice. 这是个好选择。
choose
动词 v.
作谓语;搭配 choose to do
I choose to stay at home. 我选择待在家里。
知识点8. Today, it still helps them bring water from the forests to fields.(如今,它仍然帮助他们把水从森林引到田里。)(P80)
bring v. 带来;拿来;取来
词形变换:过去式 brought;过去分词 brought;现在分词 bringing;第三人称单数 brings
短语
含义
例句
bring sb. sth.
= bring sth. to sb.
把某物带给某人
Please bring me a cup. = Please bring a cup to me.请给我拿个杯子。
bring sth. to + 地点
把某物带到某地
Bring your homework to school tomorrow.明天把作业带到学校来。
bring up
抚养;养育;提出(话题)
His aunt brought him up.他姑姑抚养他长大。
bring out
使显现;出版
The story brings out his courage.这个故事彰显了他的勇气。
辨析:take,bring与carry
take
“带去,拿去”,指把某人或某物从说话人所在的地方带到别处,与bring意思相反。
Please take these books to the library for me. 请替我把这些书带到图书馆去。
bring
“带来,拿来”,指把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地方。
Why don’t you bring your brother to the party? 你为什么不带你哥哥来参加宴会?
carry
“携带,提,扛,抬,运”等,具有负重的含义,但不强调方向。
They are carrying some paintings to the art gallery. 他们正在把一些画运到艺术馆。
知识点9. The traffic is heavy because it is rainy.(交通很拥堵,因为下雨了。)(P82)
讲:“rainy” 是由名词 “rain(雨)” 加后缀 “-y” 构成的形容词,意为 “下雨的”,后缀 “-y” 的作用是 “将名词转化为形容词,表‘具有…… 特征的’”。
例句:The ground is wet because it is snowy.(地面是湿的,因为下雪了。)
拓展:常见 “名词 +-y” 构成的形容词:sun(太阳)→sunny(晴朗的)、wind(风)→windy(有风的)、cloud(云)→cloudy(多云的)、fog(雾)→foggy(有雾的)、health(健康)→healthy(健康的),如 “It is a sunny day today.(今天是晴朗的一天。)”。
知识点10. Every year, many tourists come to see this dreamy tower.(每年,许多游客来参观这座梦幻般的塔楼。)(P82)
come to
短语
含义
例句
come to + 地点
来到某地
Please come to my office.请到我的办公室来。
come to do sth.
逐渐开始做某事;终于做某事
He came to realize his mistake.他渐渐意识到自己的错误。
come to oneself
苏醒;恢复神智
She came to herself after ten minutes.十分钟后她醒过来了。
come to + 数字
(总数)达到;共计
The cost comes to 200 yuan.费用合计 200 元。
必考固定搭配
① come to + sp. 来到某地(to 是介词)
② come to do sth. 逐渐 / 终于做某事(to 是不定式符号)
③ come to an end 结束(中考高频短语)
拓展相关短语
- come true 实现(梦想)
- come out 出版;开花;上映
- come on 快点;加油
知识点11. Where do you plan to spend your holiday?(你计划在哪里度过你的假期?)(P83)
spend 词性:及物动词 vt. 含义:花费(时间 / 金钱);度过
过去式:spent 过去分词:spent 现在分词:spending
①人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + on + 名词/代词
意为“在……上花费了……(时间/钱)”
I spent 500 yuan on this jacket.(我买这件夹克花了500块。)
②人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) + Doing sth.
意为“花费……做某事”(in 可以省略,这是最常用的考点)
She spends two hours (in) practicing the piano every day.(她每天花两小时练钢琴。)
③人 + spend + 时间 + with + 人 意为“与……一起度过(时光)”
I want to spend more time with my family.(我想多陪陪家人。)
辨析pay, spend, take与cost
词
主语(谁花)
结构(后面跟什么)
侧重点
spend
人
人 + spend + 钱/时 + on/doing
主动花费(最常用)
cost
物/事
物 + cost + 人 + 钱/时
某物“值”多少钱(主语是东西)
take
It (形式主语)
It + takes + 人 + 时间 + to do
花时间去做某事(只用于时间)
pay
人
人 + pay + 钱 + for + 物
付钱给某人/买某物(只用于金钱)
实战对比例句:
I spent 20 yuan on this meal. (我用餐花了20块)
This meal cost me 20 yuan. (这顿饭花了我20块——主语是“饭”)
It takes me 30 minutes to eat this meal. (吃这顿饭花了我30分钟)
I paid 20 yuan for this meal. (我为这顿饭付了20块——强调“支付”这个动作)
pay off意为“成功;奏效;达到目的”,可用于表示辛苦的付出终有回报。
如:Our hard work paid off. 我们的努力得到了回报。
知识点12. I’ll take Xiao Ya’s advice to make money by selling flowers.(我会采纳小雅的建议,通过卖花赚钱。)(P83)
①advice【详解】
词性及意义
常见搭配
advice为不可数名词,意为“劝告;建议”
①a piece of advice一条建议
②ask sb. for advice向某人征求建议
③give sb. advice (on/about sth.) (就某事)给某人建议
④take/follow one’s advice采纳某人的建议
advise为动词,意为“劝告;建议”
①advise doing sth. 建议做某事
②advise sb. (not) to do sth.建议某人(不要)做某事
③advise that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人(应该)做某事
辨析advice与suggestion
advice为不可数名词,不能直接和数词连用;suggestion为可数名词。如:four pieces of advice=four suggestions 四条建议
②by用法:作为介词,有多种含义。
用法
含义
示例
by+v.-ing
通过……手段;以……的方式
They study by working in groups.
by+交通工具
乘坐
They go to the park by subway.
by+抽象名词
由于 (表原因)
They met by chance.
by+时间点
不迟于
Jerry will arrive at the class by 8:30.
by+地点名词
在……旁;靠近
The doctor is standing by the door.
by+物
表示抓到或触及到的部分
I take him by the hand.
by+人
被某人……,常用于被动语态中
That umbrella is made by my mother.
常见搭配:by the way(顺便说一下);by oneself(独自);by the time(到.…...时候)。
in 表示“用……的方式,用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)”等;
with 表示“用……工具(具体有形的工具)”。
知识点15. It’s famous for its color.(它因它的颜色而著名。)(P84)
famous adj. 著名的;出名的
famous 相当于well known,其用法如下:
be famous as...
作为……出名。后接表示职业等的词。
be famous for...
因为……出名。后接闻名的原因。
be famous to...
为……所熟知。后接人。
☛Bruce Lee is famous as an actor. 李小龙作为演员出名。
☛Lang Lang is famous for playing the piano. 郎朗因为弹钢琴出名。
知识点13. How did you feel about the trip?(你觉得这次旅行怎么样?)(P84)
讲:feel v. 感觉;觉得;触摸;摸起来
词形变换:过去式 felt;过去分词 felt;现在分词 feeling;第三人称单数 feels
短语
含义
例句
feel + 形容词
感觉……;摸起来……
I feel tired. 我感觉很累。The silk feels soft. 丝绸摸起来很柔软。
feel like + 名词 /doing sth.
想要某物;想要做某事
I feel like water. 我想要水。I feel like walking. 我想散散步。
feel sb. do sth.
感觉到某人做了某事(全过程)
I felt him leave the room.我感觉到他离开了房间。
feel sb. doing sth.
感觉到某人正在做某事
I felt him shaking.我感觉到他在发抖。
例句:How did she feel about her visit to the Palace Museum?(她觉得参观故宫博物院怎么样?)
拓展:类似询问感受的句型:“What do/did sb think of sth?”(What did you think of the trip?),两者可互换,回答均需用形容词描述感受,如 “I felt very excited.(我觉得很兴奋。)”
知识点14. It’s one of the most amazing wonders of the world.(它是世界上最令人惊叹的奇迹之一。)(P85)
one of the most amazing wonders最令人惊叹的奇观之一
one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数
例如:The Great Wall is one of the most amazing wonders.长城是最令人惊叹的奇观之一。
必考固定搭配
✅ one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 含义:…… 当中最…… 之一
> 考点 1:名词必须复数
> 考点 2:谓语动词用单数(主语是 one)
> 考点 3:形容词最高级前面要有 the
拓展短语:
one of the wonders …… 的奇观之一
be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
It’s amazing that …… 令人惊讶的是……
知识点15. It is not only a place of interest but also a symbol of the nation.(它不仅是一处名胜古迹,还是国家的象征。)(P85)
not only … but also …不但…… 而且……
必考固定搭配
① 就近原则(谓语动词看靠近 but also 的名词 / 代词)
Not only Tom but also his friends love this film.不但汤姆,他的朋友们也喜欢这部电影。
② 连接两个句子,not only 置于句首时,前半句倒装(中考阅读常考,写作可选)
Not only does he like English, but also he likes French.他不仅喜欢英语,还喜欢法语。
③ 并列两个形容词 / 名词 / 动词
She is not only kind but also helpful.她不仅善良而且乐于助人。
易混辨析: not only…but also… /as well as /both…and…
短语
含义
主谓一致规则
例句
not only … but also …
不但… 而且…
就近原则
Not only the girls but also Tom likes painting.
A as well as B
A 和 B
就远原则,看 A
Tom as well as the girls likes painting.
both … and …
两者都
谓语永远复数
Both Tom and the girls like painting.
知识点16. The Romans built Hadrian’s Wall to protect against the enemy in the northwest.(罗马人建造哈德良长城是为了抵御西北部的敌人。)(P88)
protect v. 保护;防护
词形变换:过去式 protected;过去分词 protected;现在分词 protecting;第三人称单数 protects
短语
含义
例句
protect sb./sth.
保护某人 / 某物
We should protect wild animals.我们应该保护野生动物。
protect sb./sth. from sth.
保护…… 免受……(伤害 / 侵害)
We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun.我们戴眼镜保护眼睛免受阳光伤害。
protect sb./sth. against sth.
防御;保护…… 抵御(危险、灾害)
Trees protect the soil against floods.树木保护土壤抵御洪水。
必考固定搭配
① protect sb./sth. from sth. 保护…… 免受……(中考最高频)
② protect sb./sth. against sth. 保护…… 抵御……
拓展派生词
protection /prəˈtekʃn/n. 保护;防护
protective /prəˈtektɪv/adj. 保护的;防护的
We need the protection of forests. 我们需要森林的保护。
单词
含义
搭配要点
例句
protect
保护,防护
protect … from/against 保护不受伤害
Protect children from danger.
prevent
阻止,防止
prevent … from doing 阻止…… 做某事
Nothing can prevent him from studying.
keep
保持;阻止
keep … from doing 阻止…… 做某事
Please keep him from smoking.
2、 单元语法
(1) 后缀 -y
> 两大功能:①名词 + -y → 形容词(重点);②名词后缀(表 “小、亲昵”,了解)
一、名词 + -y → 形容词(核心考点)
含义:充满……;有…… 的;多…… 的,常用来描述天气、环境、事物特征。
拼写变化表
规则
例子
一般名词直接加 -y
wind(风)→ windy(有风的)rain(雨)→ rainy(下雨的)cloud(云)→ cloudy(多云的)
重读闭音节:辅 + 元 + 辅结尾,双写末尾辅音字母再加 -y
sun(太阳)→ sunny(晴朗的)fog(雾)→ foggy(有雾的)mud(泥)→ muddy(泥泞的)
名词以不发音 e 结尾:去 e,再加 -y
noise(噪音)→ noisy(吵闹的)ice(冰)→ icy(冰冷的)
例句
1. It’s cloudy today. 今天多云。
2. The street is muddy after rain. 雨后街道泥泞。
二、-y 作名词后缀(了解,中考考得少)
含义 1:小……;亲昵叫法(口语)
原词
变形
中文
dog
doggy
小狗
pig
piggy
小猪
cat
kitty
小猫
含义 2:表性质、状态(这类词不多) honesty n. 诚实;difficulty n. 困难
3、 【超级重点】形容词结尾为 -y 的变形(必考)
口诀:形容词尾 y,变副、变比较级,y 要变成 i!
变形类型
规则
单词
比较级
变 y 为 i + -er
heavy → heavier happy → happier easy → easier
最高级
变 y 为 i + -est
heavy → heaviest happy → happiest easy → easiest
副词
变 y 为 i + -ly
happy → happily easy → easily heavy → heavily
(2) 动词不定式to do
动词不定式的结构
动词不定时的构成:不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to 是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。
(1)肯定式:to + 动词原形
It’s nice to meet you.
(2)否定式:not to + 动词原形
He told me not to leave this room
(to是不定式符号,无意义,有时可以不带)
动词不定式的句法功能
功能
例句
说明
主语
To speak English is not easy for us
=It is not easy for us to speak English.
作主语用的不定式,常常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面。
表语
My work is to clean the room everyday.
=To clean the room every day is my work.
多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换作为主语。
宾语
—What sports does he like to play?
—He likes to play basketball.
只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。
宾补
My mother made me play the piano all the time.
在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to。
定语
Have you got anything to say?
不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)。
I went to the library to study English.(表目的)
不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
1. 不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为:
①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为"做某事对某人来说是……"。
②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为"做某事花费某人多长时间"
如:To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well.
It’s important for us to protect the environment.
注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如:
It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。
2. 不定式作宾语
有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:
would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。
如: Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗?
②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如:
I find it easy to read English every day.
3.不定式作宾语补足语
tell, ask, want, allow, warn, advise, invite, get, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如:Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.
My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。
4.不定式作定语
不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
注意:如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。
There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。
The room is big enough for 10 people to live in .
5. 表示一般的概念时,不定式、动词ing形式可以互换,而表示具体的、个 别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。
What she likes is watching/to watch children play.她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
My wish is to become a good teacher.我的愿望就是要当个好老师。
注意:下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略to:
(1)主语是all其后有that引导的定语从句或what引导的从句,且从句中含有do的某种形式时。
(2)主语是the only,the first,the last,形容词最高级或被这些词修饰,主语后有定语从句,且定语从句中含有do的某种形式时。
All you need to do now is complete the form.你现在要做的是把这张表填好。
What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
The only thing to do now is go on.前进是现在唯一的出路。
6. 不定式作状语
不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果和原因。
To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.
He goes there to enjoy the fresh air.
He worked day and night to get the money.
动词不定式的特殊用法
不定式的特殊用法
①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,须省略to。此类动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时,省略的to则要加上。
②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do,其被动形式为to be done。
►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。
③常接"疑问词+带to的不定式"的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。
►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。
跟动词不定式的情况总结归纳
跟动词不定式的情况总结归纳:(加强记忆)
①动词:agree to do同意去做;
afford to do买得起;decide to do决定去做某事;hope to do希望去做;wish to do希望去做;
fail to do做某事失败去;plan to do打算去做;pretend to do假装去做;
refuse to do拒绝去做;would like to do=want to do想要去做某事;learn to do 学做;
prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事;sb. seem to do sth好像做某事;
used to do sth. 过去常做某事
②句型.
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事
ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
be excited/glad/happy/sorry/ frightened/amazed/surprised to do sth.
be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事
get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. / It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能…… ==not… enough to do (常考)
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)
something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易
take turns to do sth. 轮流做……
There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对(某人来说)没时间做某事了
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事
try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
have something/nothing to do with sb 与......有关/无关
3、 单元写作清单
一、话题分析
本单元写作话题为Amazing Places(令人惊叹的地方),属于地点介绍类说明文。要求选取一处名胜古迹或特色风景区,从地理位置、景色特点、人文文化、价值意义等方面进行介绍,简单表达个人感受。
文体:说明文
时态:一般现在时(介绍客观事实);少量现在完成时(谈论游览经历)
人称:第三人称为主(介绍景点),第一人称结尾抒发感受
高频考点:方位表达、描述景物、评价景点,常考短语:be known for, lie in, a symbol of, places of cultural interest,not only…but also…
二、写作内容
选择一处景点(如长城、故宫、云南梯田、泰山等),完成短文写作,内容包含:
1. 景点的地理位置(在哪一个省份 / 方位)
2. 景点外观、景色特点
3. 历史、文化价值
4. 游客情况
5. 个人评价与感受,推荐别人前往
三、写作要点
✅ 要点 1:点明介绍的地点,交代地理位置(lie in /be in…)
✅ 要点 2:描述风景、建筑特色,使用形容词描绘景色
✅ 要点 3:介绍历史文化,说明出名的原因(be known for…)
✅ 要点 4:介绍游客,每年很多人来参观(millions of visitors)
✅ 要点 5:简单评价,表达推荐,可用 not only…but also…
⚠️ 注意事项
1. 介绍客观事实多用一般现在时,动词第三人称单数不要漏 s
2. 方位介词 in /on/to 区分;固定短语不要写错
3. 条理清晰,分段,不要堆砌单词
4. 词数要求:80 词左右(八年级标准)
四、写作思路提示(总分总结构)
开头(总):开门见山,引出要介绍的地点,点明位置。
中间(分):分 2 层。第一层描写景色 / 建筑特征;第二层介绍历史文化,出名原因。
结尾(总):游客情况 + 个人评价,推荐大家参观。
五、写作步骤详解
步骤 1:审题。确定写哪个景点,确定时态、人称、词数,列出要写的要点。
步骤 2:列提纲,提取关键词。
例:The Great Wall
① in the north of China; lies in many provinces
② long, made of stone; old watchtowers
③ a symbol of the nation; keep out enemies in ancient times
④ millions of visitors every year
⑤ amazing; not only great but also meaningful; worth visiting
步骤 3:连词成句,用上本单元句型和短语。
步骤 4:连句成段,加上过渡词(And, Also, What’s more)。
步骤 5:检查:时态、主谓一致、单词拼写、固定搭配,修正错误。
六、词汇积累(本单元核心,直接用于写作)
名词:province 省份;landscape 风景;palace 宫殿;terrace 梯田;watchtower 瞭望塔;culture 文化;visitor 游客;symbol 象征;protection 保护
形容词:central 中心的;natural 自然的;rich 丰富的;unusual 特别的;amazing 令人惊叹的
短语:lie in 位于;be made of 由…… 制成;be known for 因…… 闻名;be rich in 富含;millions of 数百万;places of cultural interest 文化名胜;in ancient times 在古代;a symbol of the nation 国家的象征;look forward to 盼望;not only…but also… 不仅…… 而且……
七、句型指导
1. It lies in… 它位于……
It lies in the southeast of the province.它位于这个省的东南部。
2. It is known for… 它因…… 而闻名。
It is known for its beautiful terraces.它因美丽的梯田而出名。
3. It is a symbol of… 它是…… 的象征。
It is a symbol of the nation.它是国家的象征。
4. It is made of… 它由…… 制成。
The old wall is made of stone.这面古墙由石头建成。
5. Not only… but also… 不仅…… 而且……
It is not only beautiful but also has a long history.它不仅景色优美,而且历史悠久。
6. Millions of… come to visit it every year.每年数百万人前来参观。
7. It is well worth visiting. 它很值得参观。
8. I think it is an amazing place. 我认为这是一个令人惊叹的地方。
八、范文
根据以下提示,写一篇介绍一个令人惊叹的地方的短文
写作要求:
请你以“An Amazing Place”为题,写一篇英语短文,介绍一个你印象深刻的地方。内容包括:
1. 这个地方在哪里;
2. 它有什么特别之处(事实);
3. 你对这个地方的感受和看法(观点)。
注意:不少于70词;可适当运用本单元所学词汇与表达。
An Amazing Place
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
An Amazing Place
I want to introduce an amazing place—Yangshuo. It is in the south of Guangxi, China. It is famous for its beautiful karst mountains and the Li River.
The Li River runs through the town. On both sides of the river, you can see many hills in different shapes. Some look like animals and others look like people. It is really a wonderful view. The food there is also delicious. I tried many local dishes and they were all great. In my opinion, Yangshuo is one of the most beautiful places in China. It is not only a place for sightseeing, but also a place to relax and enjoy nature.
I hope I can visit it again one day.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步:审题立意]
确定文体:说明文,一般现在时
明确要点:①写明地点位置;②讲述独特特色与实景事实;③抒发个人感受与看法;
确定人称:第一人称,时态以一般现在时为主,叙事部分穿插一般过去时
注意事项:不少于70词,可运用本单元所学词汇
[第二步:构思布局]
开头:点明将要介绍的令人惊叹之地——阳朔
主体:交代具体地理位置;第二层描写喀斯特山峰、漓江风光、特色美食,详细阐述独特之处
结尾:发表个人观点,评价此地价值,抒发重游的期许
[第三步:要点展开]
要点一:地点位置
地点选择:Yangshuo/Guilin/Hangzhou/Chengdu/Zhangjiajie/Lijiang等
位置描述:in the south of Guangxi/in southern China/in the southwest/on the coast等
要点二:独特之处
景观事物:karst mountains/the Li River/hills in different shapes/waterfalls/green mountains/clear rivers等
特色事物:local dishes/delicious traditional food/local snacks/fresh fruit/handmade crafts/traditional paintings/folk music等
实景事实:the river runs through the town/hills stand along the river banks/the river flows through the town / the hills rise along the river/clouds cover the mountain tops/ the sun sets behind the hills等
要点三:个人感受观点
评价词汇:wonderful view/most beautiful places/natural paradise等
个人观点:a place for sightseeing/a place to relax and enjoy nature/an ideal place to spend time with family等
主观期许:hope to visit it again/want to experience the scenery once more等
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.You need to answer the questions ________ (correct) to get full marks.
2.We were shocked by the ________ (wonder) view of the sunrise on the mountain.
3.The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces may be a ________ (choose) for your vacation.
4.The Hani people developed a watering project. Today, it still helps them bring water from the forests to ________ (field).
5.It is cold and ________ (wind) out here, yet it’s quite crowded already.
6.The little boy doesn’t know how ________ (use) the new software.
7.Last weekend Aloe spent as much time as she could _________ (lie) on the sofa.
8.All the chairs in the new park are ______ (fix) to the ground, so they are safe and won’t be moved.
9.My mom always remembers the ________ (say) “Honesty is the best policy”.
10.The Shanghai Tower is very impressive. Its ________ (high) is 632 meters.
二、根据首字母提示完成句子
11.The design of the Sydney Opera House carries an important m______ about creativity.
12.The g________ plans to carry out a survey on environmental protection next month.
13.—What is the a________ of the numbers 7, 9 and 11?
—It’s 9.
14.The beautiful mountain l_______ took my breath away.
15.The Monument to the People’s Heroes stands tall in the c________ area of Tian’anmen Square.
16.West Lake in Hangzhou, known for its beautiful scenery, is a UNESCO site in Zhejiang P________.
17.These ancient temples are under p________ by international laws.
18.The museum program helps r________ children’s interest in world heritage sites.
19.The big cake is d________ and we all like eating it.
20.We can ask our parents for help when we have problems as they have more e________.
三、单项选择
21.In ancient times, the Hani people ________ a watering project.
A.developed B.discovered C.drew D.described
22.Farmers raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields to make better use ________ them.
A.on B.of C.for D.with
23.As we all know, a rocket flies ________ than an ordinary plane.
A.far quicker B.more quicker C.far quickly D.much more quickly
24.The teachers often advise us ________ in the river. It’s dangerous.
A.not swim B.don’t swim C.not swimming D.not to swim
25.Nancy reminds the visitors ________ photos in the museum.
A.not take B.to not take C.not taking D.not to take
26.—What is the weather like in Shenyang?
—In the northeast of China, the ________ is usually ________ -20℃ in winter.
A.weather; below B.weather; under
C.temperature; below D.temperature; under
27.The policeman warned the students ________ in the river because it is dangerous.
A.not swim B.not swimming C.not to swim D.don’t swim
28.When preparing for the interview, you should ______ wearing casual clothes, and you can’t ______ much on luck to get the job.
A.avoid; depend B.refuse; rely C.avoid; trust D.refuse; depend
29.—Can you give me some advice on how to learn English?
—Yes, ________ is the best teacher.
A.surprise B.situation C.pleasure D.interest
30.—We can’t ________ to learn a foreign language in a few months.
—Yes, we should spend enough time on it.
A.wait B.hope C.reach D.expect
四、完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
The Ancient City of Pingyao is 31 Shanxi Province, China. It has a history of about 2,800 years. Pingyao is famous for its city 32 and traditional culture. The ancient walls in the city are popular with 33 . There is a watchtower at every corner of the city walls. People built the walls and watchtowers 34 keep themselves safe. Pingyao also had the first bank in China. It was the business 35 in the old times. Today, people still 36 and keep the ancient culture. They celebrate 37 with landboat dances and other shows. Thanks to 38 protection, we can now still experience the 39 life of Pingyao. It is a great place to learn about Chinese 40 .
31.A.on B.at C.in D.of
32.A.structure B.structures C.a structure D.the structure
33.A.tourist B.tourists C.a tourist D.the tourist
34.A.for B.to C.at D.on
35.A.center B.side C.part D.corner
36.A.respect B.respects C.respected D.respecting
37.A.festivals B.festival C.a festival D.the festival
38.A.week B.government C.attention D.cover
39.A.past B.present C.future D.new
40.A.history B.culture C.story D.tradition
五、阅读理解
①In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) with red windows. They stand there among tall and green trees. Let me introduce the village to you.
②Many tourists come to Liuke Village to enjoy its landscape. “The kids come here to enjoy the fields, the old enjoy the landscape quietly, and the young people can go camping. It’s quite a good experience here.” says Zhao Mingzhu, a tourist from Zhejiang Province.
③Liuke is an ancient village. It is by the Wanquan River in Hainan. The Wanquan River is 163 km long. Many famous songs can show the river’s clear water. Now, the Wanquan River is a calling card for Hainan. It’s because the river has beautiful stories and a long history.
④In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to go by this village. Then the village became a stopover for tourists, so it got its name, Liuke.
⑤If you’re looking to walk through history, relax by the river, or simply enjoy the countryside, Liuke Village is a good choice. Why not come here for a visit? I’m sure you’ll be attracted by the scenery here.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
41.What can tourists do in Liuke Village?
A.They can plant tall and green trees. B.They can build the modern buildings.
C.They can show the river’s clear water. D.They can enjoy the landscape of the village.
42.Why is the Wanquan River a calling card for Hainan?
A.Because it’s very quiet. B.Because its water is very clear.
C.Because the landscape is very beautiful. D.Because it has beautiful stories and long history.
43.What does the underlined word “stopover” mean in the text?
A.A stopping place on a journey. B.A place to stop and buy things.
C.A place to stop and have a meal. D.A place to stop and take photos.
44.Why is the sentence “Why not come here for a visit?” written in the last paragraph?
A.To encourage readers to visit the village. B.To hope to get help from tourists.
C.To tell a story about an old village. D.To show rich stories and rich culture.
45.What is the structure (结构) of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
六、选词填空
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
place reach five we and happy walk true as early
I spent one week in Norway last month. I loved every minute of my stay. The words such 46 “beautiful” and “wonderful” are not enough to tell how I feel about this country. I finally know why it is one of the 47 countries in the world.
I 48 Oslo on 23rd September. I took a train to the station to meet my friends Kevin and Jane. They flew to Oslo from London, and they got here a day 49 than me.
We only stayed in Oslo for a day. The weather was nice and sunny. We spent the day 50 around Oslo. Each of 51 enjoyed a nice cup of coffee.
During the one-week trip, we wanted to see more of the countryside. We rented (租) a car and went to other 52 the next day. On the way, we saw colourful houses. On the 53 day, we arrived in Bergen in the afternoon.
We loved Bergen. It’s a colourful city 54 we spent two days in Bergen. We walked around the old city. And we were lucky to meet some friendly people.
It’s such a beautiful country that I 55 want to visit it again.
七、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi, boys and girls. I am a middle school student from Beijing and my name is Lin Li. It’s my turn to tell something about my holiday 56 (experience).
Last summer vacation, my classmate Liu Fang and I decided to go somewhere beautiful. After searching on the Internet, we 57 (agree) to go to Yuntai Mountain, Henan Province. 58 a hot night, we took the train to Xinxiang. It was about 64 kilometres away from Yuntai Mountain. Most people on the train slept at night, 59 we were too excited to sleep. The train arrived in Xinxiang at 4:21 a. m. the next day. At the train station, we waited about half 60 hour for the bus to Yuntai Mountain. We visited Tanpuxia in the morning. In the afternoon, we visited Hongshixia. The scenery there took 61 (I) breath away. We took lots of photos and some of them even had a beautiful rainbow because we 62 (have) two showers. The next day, it was sunny and 63 (comfort). We went to Shaolin Temple and the Longmen Grottoes (龙门石窟). They were wonderful. At the shop near the Longmen Grottoes, I bought two silk 64 (scarf) for my mother, and Liu Fang bought a gift for her brother.
We 65 (real) enjoyed this trip.
八、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,回答下列问题。
Have you ever visited Hukou Waterfall? Hukou Waterfall is always compared to a shining pearl (明珠) in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.
When the Yellow River runs through mountains to Hukou, the river narrows (变窄) from 300 meters to just over 50 meters. The water suddenly falls into a deep pool. As a result, a wonderful waterfall appears. It seems that the water pours into a big pot, which is how it got the name “Hukou”.
The power of the waterfall is tremendous (巨大的) when it falls, so it is hard for you to get close to the main waterfall. Looking from far away, you can enjoy the amazing fog-covered water. The beauty cannot be described in words. You cannot know unless you visit it in person.
There are four wonders of Hukou, “smoking in water”, “colourful bridge to the sky”, “dragons playing with waves” and “thunder generated from valley stream”. The waterfall flies straight down with water splashing (溅), clouds and mist rising. Under the sunlight, you will see a rainbow hanging over the waterfall. The poem “Chant to Hukou” written by Zhang Yingchun in the Ming Dynasty describes the beauty of “colourful bridge to the sky”.
The view of Hukou Waterfall changes according to the seasons. So you can enjoy its special beauty from spring to winter.
66.How does the writer start the text?
67.Why is this waterfall called Hukou Waterfall?
68.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
69.What are the four wonders of Hukou Waterfall according to the text?
70.If you have a holiday, where will you go? Why?
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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Unit 5 Amazing Places
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
主题一:地理方位、地形与自然风光
1. Mount n. 山;山峰
Mount Tai is famous in China. 泰山在中国很有名。
2. lie v. 位于;坐落在;平躺
The town lies in the southeast. 这座小镇位于东南部。
3. province n. 省份
Fujian is a beautiful province. 福建是一个美丽的省份。
4. east n. 东;东方
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
5. south-east n. 东南;东南地区
Guangdong is in the south-east of China. 广东位于中国东南部。
6. south-west adj. 西南部的 n. 西南方
Yunnan is in the south-west of our country. 云南在我国西南方。
7. northwest n. 西北;西北方
Xinjiang is in the northwest of China. 新疆在中国西北。
8. landscape n. 风景,景色
The mountain landscape is amazing. 山间景色美不胜收。
9. countryside n. 乡村
We spent our holiday in the countryside. 我们在乡村度假。
10. beach n. 海滩;沙滩
Children like playing on the beach. 孩子们喜欢在沙滩玩耍。
11. terrace n. 梯田;排屋;阳台
The rice terraces look wonderful. 这片梯田看起来美极了。
12. field n. 田;地;场地
Farmers work in the field every day. 农民每天在田里劳作。
13. flat adj. 平坦的;平的
The land here is flat. 这里的土地很平坦。
14. natural adj. 天然的;自然的
We should protect natural resources. 我们应该保护自然资源。
15. above adv. 在(或向)上面 prep. 在(或向)…… 上面
The plane flies above the clouds. 飞机在云层上方飞行。
16. below adv. 在(或到)下面 prep. 在(或到)…… 下面
The valley is far below us. 山谷在我们脚下很远的地方。
17. view n. 景色,风景;视野
You can get a great view from the mountain top. 山顶视野绝佳。
主题二:建筑、地标与历史古迹
1. nest n. 鸟巢;鸟窝
The birds built a nest in the tree. 鸟儿在树上筑了一个巢。
2. palace n. 王宫;宫殿
The old palace has a long history. 这座古老宫殿历史悠久。
3. landmark n. 地标
This tower is a famous landmark of the city. 这座塔是城市著名地标。
4. structure n. 结构体;结构;构造
The stone structure is strong enough. 这个石质结构十分坚固。
5. watchtower n. 瞭望塔;岗楼
Soldiers kept watch from the watchtower. 士兵在瞭望塔放哨。
6. stone n. 石头
The wall is made of stone. 这面墙由石头砌成。
7. base n. 底部,根基;基地
The base of the building is very solid. 这座建筑的根基很稳固。
8. firm adj. 牢固的,稳固的;坚固的
Keep your feet firm on the ground. 双脚稳稳踩在地面。
9. broken adj. 破损的;残缺的
Don’t touch the broken glass. 不要触碰碎玻璃。
10. site n. 地点,位置;现场;站点
This is the site of an old city. 这里是一座古城遗址。
11. material n. 材料
Wood is a useful building material. 木材是有用的建筑材料。
主题三:文化、历史与人文
1. ceremony n. 仪式;典礼
We took part in the opening ceremony. 我们参加了开幕式。
2. Olympics n. 奥林匹克运动会;奥运会
The Olympics brings people together. 奥运会把人们聚在一起。
3. culture n. 文化
Chinese culture is rich and wonderful. 中国文化丰富而精彩。
4. cultural adj. 文化的;与文化有关的
We learn about cultural differences. 我们了解文化差异。
5. saying n. 谚语;格言
As the old saying goes, practice makes perfect. 常言道,熟能生巧。
6. wisdom n. 智慧;才智
Old people have much wisdom. 长者拥有很多智慧。
7. nation n. 国家;民族
Every nation has its own traditions. 每个民族都有自己的传统。
8. emperor n. 皇帝
The emperor ruled the country long ago. 很久以前皇帝统治这个国家。
9. empress n. 皇后;女皇
The empress lived in the palace. 皇后住在宫殿里。
10. wife (pl. wives) n. 妻子
His wife likes reading. 他的妻子喜欢读书。
11. Roman n. 罗马人 adj. 罗马的
Roman culture influences Europe a lot. 罗马文化对欧洲影响深远。
12. performing arts n. (pl.) 表演艺术
She studies performing arts at school. 她在校学习表演艺术。
13. trade n. 贸易
Sea trade developed quickly in ancient times. 古代海上贸易发展迅速。
14. route n. 路线;路途;常规路线
This was an old trade route. 这是一条古老的商路。
15. government n. 政府
The government protects old buildings. 政府保护古建筑。
16. protection n. 保护;防卫
We need protection for ancient relics. 古迹需要我们的保护。
主题四:旅行、人物与出行活动
1. traveler n. 旅行者;旅客;游客
The traveler visited many places. 这位旅行者游览了很多地方。
2. visitor n. 来访者;游客
Visitors must follow the rules here. 游客必须遵守这里的规定。
3. sail v. 航行 n. 帆
They will sail across the lake. 他们将要横渡这片湖。
4. bicycle n. (bike) 自行车
I go to school by bicycle. 我骑自行车上学。
5. vacation n. (学校的) 假期
We will go on a trip during vacation. 假期我们要去旅行。
6. dining n. 用餐
The dining hall is clean and bright. 餐厅干净明亮。
7. hostess n. 女房东;女主持人
The hostess welcomed us warmly. 女主人热情接待我们。
8. T-shirt n. T 恤衫
I wear a cotton T-shirt in summer. 夏天我穿棉质 T 恤。
9. tea n. 茶(水);茶叶
Chinese tea is popular all over the world. 中国茶享誉世界。
主题五:军队、战争与人物身份
1. soldier n. 军人;(尤指)士兵
The soldier guarded the gate. 士兵守卫大门。
2. enemy n. 敌人;仇人;反对者
They fought against the enemy bravely. 他们勇敢对抗敌人。
3. Indian adj. 印度的
He likes Indian food very much. 他非常喜欢印度食物。
主题六:描述词、程度副词与状态词汇
1. central adj. 在中心的;中央的
The park lies in the central part of the city. 公园位于城市中心。
2. rich adj. 丰富多彩的;富有的;油腻的
The area has rich natural resources. 这个地区自然资源丰富。
3. whole adj. 全部的;整体的
He spent the whole day outside. 他在外边待了一整天。
4. unusual adj. 特别的,不寻常的
It is an unusual story. 这是一个不寻常的故事。
5. thick adj. 茂密的;厚的
There is thick forest on the mountain. 山上有茂密的森林。
6. quite adv. 十分;相当
The mountain is quite high. 这座山相当高。
7. already adv. 已经;早已
We have already visited the palace. 我们已经参观过这座宫殿。
8. yet conj. 但是;然而
The place is small, yet beautiful. 这个地方很小,但是很美。
9. surely adv. 无疑;必定;想必
He will surely come tomorrow. 他明天一定会来。
10. quickly adv. 迅速地;很快地
Run quickly, or you will miss the bus. 快跑,不然赶不上公交车。
主题七:动作动词
1. lean v. 倾斜
The old tree leans to one side. 这棵老树向一边倾斜。
2. fix v. 修理;校正
Can you fix my broken bike? 你能修好我的坏自行车吗?
3. expect v. 期待;预计;要求;指望
We expect to visit the landmark next week. 我们期待下周参观这个地标。
4. warn v. 劝告;警告;告诫
The guide warns us to be careful. 导游警告我们要小心。
5. forward adv. 向前
Move forward and you can see the gate. 向前走就能看见大门。
6. finish v. 完成;做好
I will finish my travel plan tonight. 今晚我会完成旅行计划。
主题八:名词(度量、事物、信息)
1. length n. 长;长度
What’s the length of the wall? 这面墙长度是多少?
2. interest n. 吸引力;兴趣
I have an interest in old buildings. 我对古建筑很感兴趣。
3. average n. 平均数 adj. 平均的
The average temperature here is 20 degrees. 这里平均气温 20 度。
4. heaven n. 天堂
The place looks like heaven on earth. 此地宛如人间天堂。
5. message n. 信息,消息 v. 发即时信息
Send me a message when you arrive. 到达后给我发消息。
6. system n. 系统;体制
The country has a good protection system. 这个国家拥有完善的保护体系。
7. pig n. 猪
The farmer keeps many pigs. 这位农民养了很多猪。
8. lotus n. 莲属植物
The lotus grows in the lake. 莲花生长在湖中。
短
语
1. be made of (由…… 制成)
The table is made of stone.(这张桌子由石头制成。)
2. be rich in (富含;充满)
This area is rich in natural resources.(这个地区自然资源丰富。)
3. be known for (因…… 而众所周知)
The town is known for its beautiful terraces.(这座小镇因其美丽的梯田闻名。)
4. make better use of (更好地利用)
We should make better use of the natural land.(我们应该更好地利用这片土地。)
5. feel free (随意)
Feel free to ask me questions about the trip.(关于这次旅行,尽管问我。)
6. be helpful for (对…… 有帮助)
Reading is helpful for learning about cultural history.(阅读有助于学习文化历史。)
7. be short of (缺乏……)
The village was short of water in the past.(这个村庄过去缺水。)
8. look forward to (盼望)
We look forward to visiting the palace.(我们盼望参观这座宫殿。)
9. in shapes of (呈…… 的形状)
The stones are in shapes of different animals.(这些石头呈不同动物的形状。)
10. millions of (数百万的)
Millions of visitors come here every year.(每年数百万游客来到这里。)
11. be popular with (受…… 欢迎)
Tea is popular with travelers around the world.(茶受到世界各地游客的喜爱。)
12. take boats (乘船)
We take boats to enjoy the lake view.(我们乘船欣赏湖景。)
13. places of cultural interest (文化名胜)
There are many places of cultural interest in China.(中国有许多文化名胜。)
14. national flag-raising ceremony (升国旗仪式)
We watched the national flag-raising ceremony.(我们观看了升国旗仪式。)
15. pay attention to (注意)
Please pay attention to the warning signs.(请注意这些警示标识。)
16. raise fish and ducks (养鱼养鸭)
Local farmers raise fish and ducks in the fields.(当地农民在田里养鱼养鸭。)
17. water-filled rice fields (水田)
The water-filled rice fields look like mirrors.(水田看起来像镜子。)
18. in ancient times (在古代)
People used stone tools in ancient times.(在古代人们使用石器。)
19. send messages (传递信息)
Soldiers sent messages along the route.(士兵沿着这条路线传递信息。)
20. trading routes (贸易路线)
This was one of the old trading routes.(这是古老的贸易路线之一。)
21. a symbol of the nation (国家的象征)
The palace is a symbol of the nation.(这座宫殿是国家的象征。)
22. keep out (阻挡)
The high walls can keep out enemies.(高墙可以阻挡敌人。)
23. be sure to (一定)
Be sure to visit the watchtower when you come.(你来的时候一定要参观瞭望塔。)
24. be important for (对…… 重要)
Protection is important for these old buildings.(保护对这些古建筑很重要。)
25. not only... but also... (不仅…… 而且……)
The place is not only beautiful but also full of history.(这个地方不仅美丽而且充满历史底蕴。)
实
用
交
际
句
型
一、询问地点、方位(核心交际)
1. Where is …? …… 在哪里?
Where is the Palace Museum? It lies in the center of Beijing.故宫在哪里?它位于北京中心。
2. Where does … lie? … 坐落在哪里?
Where does the small village lie? It lies in the southeast of the province.
这个小村庄坐落在哪?它位于这个省的东南部。
3. What’s in the …? … 里面有什么?
What’s in the ancient palace? There are many old buildings.古老宫殿里面有什么?有很多古建筑。
二、介绍景点、描述特征
1. What’s … famous for? … 因什么闻名?
What’s Guilin famous for? It’s famous for its beautiful landscape.
桂林因什么闻名?它以美丽的山水闻名。
2. It is known for … 它因…… 而闻名。
It is known for its special terraces.它因独特的梯田而闻名。
3. It is a symbol of … 它是…… 的象征。
The national flag is a symbol of the nation.国旗是国家的象征。
4. It has a history of … 它有……(时间)的历史。
The old wall has a history of hundreds of years.这面古墙有数百年历史。
5. It looks like … 它看起来像……
The water-filled rice fields look like mirrors.水田看起来像镜子。
三、谈论旅行、计划与期待
1. Have you ever been to …? 你曾经去过…… 吗?
Have you ever been to the Great Wall? Yes, I have.你去过长城吗?是的,我去过。
2. I’m looking forward to visiting … 我期待参观……
I’m looking forward to visiting those places of cultural interest.我期待参观那些文化名胜。
3. When are you going to visit …? 你打算什么时候参观……?
I plan to visit it during my vacation.我计划假期去参观。
4. How can we get there? 我们怎么去那里?
We can take boats to get there.我们可以乘船去那儿。
四、提出建议、提醒与警告
1. You’d better … 你最好……
You’d better pay attention to the signs when you visit.参观时你最好留意标识。
2. Be sure to … 一定要……
Be sure to protect the old buildings.一定要保护古建筑。
3. Remember to … 记得……
Remember not to touch the broken stones.记得不要触碰破损的石头。
4. Warning: … 警告:……
Warn visitors not to climb the wall.告诫游客不要攀爬城墙。
五、评价风景、文化感受
1. What do you think of …? = How do you like …? 你觉得…… 怎么样?
What do you think of this landscape? It’s quite amazing.你觉得这片风景怎么样?相当令人惊叹。
2. It’s well worth visiting. 很值得参观。
The ancient town is well worth visiting.这座古镇很值得参观。
3. Not only … but also … 不仅…… 而且……
It is not only beautiful but also full of culture.它不仅美丽,而且富有文化底蕴
六、询问信息、简单问答
1. How long is …? … 多长?
How long is the wall? No one knows the exact length.这墙有多长?没人知道确切长度。
2. Millions of people come to … every year.每年数百万人来到……
Millions of visitors come here every year.每年数百万游客来这里。
语法
1. 后缀 -y
2. 动词不定式to do
写作
介绍神奇的地方
一、知识点精讲
知识点1. Which place do you plan to visit during your holiday?(假期你计划去哪个地方参观?)(P74)
讲:①“plan to do sth.” 表 “计划做某事”;
②during与in区别
1.强调动作或状态的持续性时用during.
During the three months he always asks a lot of questions. We usually spend a holiday in July.
2.在季节名词前用during是特指,要用定冠词 the
Children enjoy flying kites in spring. We often go skating during the winter.
3. 在表示一段时间的名词(如holiday, stay, visit, lesson, meal等)前,一般要用during
I went to see my uncle during my stay in Beijing. I will visit my grandparents during the summer holidays.
知识点2. I plan to visit Mount Huangshan.(我计划去参观黄山。)(P74)
visit v. 参观;拜访;访问;探望 n. 参观;拜访;访问
词形变换:过去式 visited;过去分词 visited;现在分词 visiting;第三人称单数 visits
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
visit sb.
拜访 / 探望某人
visit 后直接接人,不加 to
I will visit my grandma this weekend.这个周末我要去看望奶奶。
visit sp.
参观某地;游览某地
visit 后直接接地点名词,不加 to
We visited the museum yesterday.昨天我们参观了博物馆。
pay a visit to sb./sp.
拜访某人 / 参观某地
名词用法,必须加介词 to
He paid a visit to his teacher last week.上周他拜访了他的老师。
a visit to …
一次去…… 的参观 / 访问
名词短语,to 表对象
This is my first visit to Beijing.这是我第一次来北京。
考固定搭配
① visit sb. 拜访某人(及物动词,不加 to,易错点!)
② visit sp. 参观某地(及物动词,不加 to)
③ pay a visit to sb./sp. 拜访 / 参观(visit 此时是名词,必须加 to)
拓展派生词
visitor n. 参观者;游客;来访者
There are many visitors in the park. 公园里有很多游客。
知识点3. We are walking on Tian’anmen Square.(我们正在天安门广场上散步。)(P75)
walk on 词形变换:过去式 walked on;过去分词 walked on;现在分词 walking on;三单 walks on
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
walk on
继续往前走;继续行走
on 副词,表 “持续”;后可接地点状语
Walk on, and you’ll see the library.继续往前走,你就会看到图书馆。
walk on sth.
在…… 上面走
on 介词,后接名词(地面 / 物体)
Don’t walk on the grass.不要践踏草地。
必考固定搭配
① walk on (副词短语)继续走 = go on walking
② walk on + 名词 在…… 上面行走(中考高频:walk on the grass 践踏草坪)
易混辨析 walk on /walk along /walk past
短语
含义
侧重点
例句
walk on
继续走;在…… 上面走
on 可表持续,或表 “在某物表面”
Walk on for 100 meters. 继续走 100 米。
walk along
沿着…… 走
沿着道路、河岸等线性物体前进
Walk along the street, and turn left.沿着这条街走,然后左转。
walk past
走过,经过
从人 / 物的旁边路过,不停留
I walked past the shop just now.我刚才路过这家商店。
知识点4. We can’t wait to see the national flag going up.(我们迫不及待地想看到国旗升起。)(P75)
①can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事(核心!to 是不定式符号,后面动词原形)
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
can’t wait to do sth.
迫不及待做某事
to + 动词原形;中考高频
I can’t wait to open the gift.我迫不及待要打开礼物。
can’t wait for sth.
迫不及待(想要某物)
for + 名词 / 代词
She can’t wait for the summer holiday.她迫不及待等着暑假。
拓展:wait 基础短语
- wait for sb./sth. 等待某人 / 某物
- wait to do sth. 等着去做某事
- can’t help doing 忍不住做某事(易混)
易混辨析can’t wait to do /look forward to doing /can’t help doing
短语
含义
搭配要点
例句
can’t wait to do
迫不及待做某事(心情急切,马上想做)
to + 动词原形
We can’t wait to visit the museum.我们迫不及待想去参观博物馆。
look forward to doing
期待做某事(心里盼望,时间可长可短)
to 是介词,+doing
I look forward to meeting you.我期待见到你。
can’t help doing
忍不住 / 情不自禁做某事
help 后面 + doing
He couldn’t help laughing.他忍不住笑了。
②go up
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
go up
(价格、温度、数量)上升,上涨;向上走;上楼;被兴建;起火
不及物短语,后面不加宾语
The price of rice went up last month.大米价格上个月上涨了。Go up and open the window.上楼把窗户打开。
必考固定搭配
① (price/temperature) go up (价格、气温)上涨、上升(中考高频)
② go up (to + 地点) 走上前去;上楼
③ go up in flames 起火,烧毁(了解)
易混辨析:go up /rise/increase
单词 / 短语
含义
侧重点
例句
go up
上升,上涨
短语动词;不及物,多用于价格、气温,不能接宾语
The temperature goes up in spring.春天气温上升。
rise
v. 上升;升起
不及物动词;侧重自然升起(太阳、水位)
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
increase
v. 增加
可及物 / 不及物;侧重数量、规模增加
The population increases quickly.人口快速增长。
知识点5. A fact is something you can check true or false.(事实是你可以核实真假的事物。)(P78)
check v. 检查;核对;查看;核实 n. 检查;核查;支票
词形变换:过去式 checked;过去分词 checked;现在分词 checking;第三人称单数 checks
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
check sth.
检查 / 核对某物
及物动词,后直接接宾语
Please check your homework.请检查你的作业。
check sth. (with sb.)
(向某人)核实某事
with 引出核实的对象
You should check the time with him.你应该向他核实一下时间。
check in
(酒店)登记入住;(机场)办理登机
不及物短语
We checked in at the hotel at 7.我们七点在酒店办理入住。
check out
结账离开;核实,查证
不及物短语
They checked out of the hotel this morning.他们今早退房。
check on sb./sth.
查看;留意(人 / 物状态)
on 不可省略
Please check on the baby.去看一下宝宝。
必考固定搭配
① check sth. 检查某物(中考基础)
② check in (at…) 在…… 登记入住 / 办理登机
③ check out (of…) 从…… 结账离开
拓展派生词:checker n. 检查员;棋子 checklist n. 清单;检查表
易混辨析: check /examine/test
单词
词性
侧重点
例句
check
v.
快速核对、查看,确认是否无误
Check your answers before handing in.交卷前核对答案。
examine
v.
仔细检查;正式体检;考试(书面)
The doctor examined my eyes.医生检查了我的眼睛。
test
v.
测试;检验,看性能 / 能力是否合格
We test the new machine.我们测试这台新机器。
知识点6. To make it strong and light as well, we built the whole stadium with a strong new material.(为了使它既坚固又轻便,我们用一种坚固的新型材料建造了整个体育场。)(P79)
①as well
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
as well
也;同样地
放在句末,前面不加逗号;多用于肯定句
I like English. I like math as well.我喜欢英语,我也喜欢数学。
as well as
和;以及;不但… 而且
连词短语,连接并列成分;主谓一致看前面主语
Tom as well as his friends likes basketball.汤姆和他的朋友们喜欢篮球。
必考固定搭配
① as well 也(句末,肯定句)= too
② as well as 和;以及(重点考点:主谓一致就远原则)
⚠️ 注意:as well as 不是 “和… 一样好”;“和…… 一样好” 是 as…as:He sings as well as you. 他唱得和你一样好。(well 是副词)
易混辨析: as well /too/also /either
单词 / 短语
含义
位置 & 使用场景
例句
as well
也
句末,肯定句;前面无逗号
She can swim, and she can skate as well.
too
也
句末,肯定句;可加逗号
She can swim, too.
also
也
句中(实义动词前,be / 助动词后)
She can also swim.
either
也
句末,否定句
She can’t swim either.
with prep. 和…… 一起;带有;用;关于;随着
短语
含义
搭配特点
例句
with sb.
和某人一起
作伴随状语
I will go shopping with my mother.我要和妈妈一起去购物。
with sth.
带有某物;具有(特征)
名词后置定语
The girl with long hair is my sister.那个留长发的女孩是我妹妹。
with + 工具
用某种工具
后接具体工具(有形)
We cut apples with a knife.我们用刀切苹果。
with pleasure
乐意地;没问题
用来愉快答应别人请求
—Could you help me? —With pleasure.—— 你能帮我吗?—— 乐意效劳。
知识点7. The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan may be a good choice.(云南红河哈尼梯田可能是一个不错的选择。)(P80)
choice n. 选择;抉择;挑选 adj. 优质的(了解)
词形变换:复数 choices;动词形式 choose /tʃuːz/(过去式 chose;过去分词 chosen;现在分词 choosing)
短语
含义
例句
make a choice
做选择
You should make a choice now.你现在应该做出选择。
have no choice but to do sth.
别无选择,只能做某事
We have no choice but to wait.我们别无选择,只能等待。
a choice between A and B
在 A 和 B 之间做选择
It’s a choice between study and play.这是在学习和玩耍之间做选择。
必考固定搭配
① have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事(重点)
② make a choice 做出选择
③ have a choice 有选择权
> ⚠️ 词形大坑:
> choose(v. 选择)→ choice(n. 选择)
> 变形:choose — chose — chosen
拓展:choose 的短语(同源词,常一起考)
- choose to do sth. 选择去做某事
- choose sb. as… 选某人作为……
单词
词性
用法
例句
choice
名词 n.
作主语、宾语;搭配 make a choice
It’s a good choice. 这是个好选择。
choose
动词 v.
作谓语;搭配 choose to do
I choose to stay at home. 我选择待在家里。
知识点8. Today, it still helps them bring water from the forests to fields.(如今,它仍然帮助他们把水从森林引到田里。)(P80)
bring v. 带来;拿来;取来
词形变换:过去式 brought;过去分词 brought;现在分词 bringing;第三人称单数 brings
短语
含义
例句
bring sb. sth.
= bring sth. to sb.
把某物带给某人
Please bring me a cup. = Please bring a cup to me.请给我拿个杯子。
bring sth. to + 地点
把某物带到某地
Bring your homework to school tomorrow.明天把作业带到学校来。
bring up
抚养;养育;提出(话题)
His aunt brought him up.他姑姑抚养他长大。
bring out
使显现;出版
The story brings out his courage.这个故事彰显了他的勇气。
辨析:take,bring与carry
take
“带去,拿去”,指把某人或某物从说话人所在的地方带到别处,与bring意思相反。
Please take these books to the library for me. 请替我把这些书带到图书馆去。
bring
“带来,拿来”,指把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地方。
Why don’t you bring your brother to the party? 你为什么不带你哥哥来参加宴会?
carry
“携带,提,扛,抬,运”等,具有负重的含义,但不强调方向。
They are carrying some paintings to the art gallery. 他们正在把一些画运到艺术馆。
知识点9. The traffic is heavy because it is rainy.(交通很拥堵,因为下雨了。)(P82)
讲:“rainy” 是由名词 “rain(雨)” 加后缀 “-y” 构成的形容词,意为 “下雨的”,后缀 “-y” 的作用是 “将名词转化为形容词,表‘具有…… 特征的’”。
例句:The ground is wet because it is snowy.(地面是湿的,因为下雪了。)
拓展:常见 “名词 +-y” 构成的形容词:sun(太阳)→sunny(晴朗的)、wind(风)→windy(有风的)、cloud(云)→cloudy(多云的)、fog(雾)→foggy(有雾的)、health(健康)→healthy(健康的),如 “It is a sunny day today.(今天是晴朗的一天。)”。
知识点10. Every year, many tourists come to see this dreamy tower.(每年,许多游客来参观这座梦幻般的塔楼。)(P82)
come to
短语
含义
例句
come to + 地点
来到某地
Please come to my office.请到我的办公室来。
come to do sth.
逐渐开始做某事;终于做某事
He came to realize his mistake.他渐渐意识到自己的错误。
come to oneself
苏醒;恢复神智
She came to herself after ten minutes.十分钟后她醒过来了。
come to + 数字
(总数)达到;共计
The cost comes to 200 yuan.费用合计 200 元。
必考固定搭配
① come to + sp. 来到某地(to 是介词)
② come to do sth. 逐渐 / 终于做某事(to 是不定式符号)
③ come to an end 结束(中考高频短语)
拓展相关短语
- come true 实现(梦想)
- come out 出版;开花;上映
- come on 快点;加油
知识点11. Where do you plan to spend your holiday?(你计划在哪里度过你的假期?)(P83)
spend 词性:及物动词 vt. 含义:花费(时间 / 金钱);度过
过去式:spent 过去分词:spent 现在分词:spending
①人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + on + 名词/代词
意为“在……上花费了……(时间/钱)”
I spent 500 yuan on this jacket.(我买这件夹克花了500块。)
②人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) + Doing sth.
意为“花费……做某事”(in 可以省略,这是最常用的考点)
She spends two hours (in) practicing the piano every day.(她每天花两小时练钢琴。)
③人 + spend + 时间 + with + 人 意为“与……一起度过(时光)”
I want to spend more time with my family.(我想多陪陪家人。)
辨析pay, spend, take与cost
词
主语(谁花)
结构(后面跟什么)
侧重点
spend
人
人 + spend + 钱/时 + on/doing
主动花费(最常用)
cost
物/事
物 + cost + 人 + 钱/时
某物“值”多少钱(主语是东西)
take
It (形式主语)
It + takes + 人 + 时间 + to do
花时间去做某事(只用于时间)
pay
人
人 + pay + 钱 + for + 物
付钱给某人/买某物(只用于金钱)
实战对比例句:
I spent 20 yuan on this meal. (我用餐花了20块)
This meal cost me 20 yuan. (这顿饭花了我20块——主语是“饭”)
It takes me 30 minutes to eat this meal. (吃这顿饭花了我30分钟)
I paid 20 yuan for this meal. (我为这顿饭付了20块——强调“支付”这个动作)
pay off意为“成功;奏效;达到目的”,可用于表示辛苦的付出终有回报。
如:Our hard work paid off. 我们的努力得到了回报。
知识点12. I’ll take Xiao Ya’s advice to make money by selling flowers.(我会采纳小雅的建议,通过卖花赚钱。)(P83)
①advice【详解】
词性及意义
常见搭配
advice为不可数名词,意为“劝告;建议”
①a piece of advice一条建议
②ask sb. for advice向某人征求建议
③give sb. advice (on/about sth.) (就某事)给某人建议
④take/follow one’s advice采纳某人的建议
advise为动词,意为“劝告;建议”
①advise doing sth. 建议做某事
②advise sb. (not) to do sth.建议某人(不要)做某事
③advise that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人(应该)做某事
辨析advice与suggestion
advice为不可数名词,不能直接和数词连用;suggestion为可数名词。如:four pieces of advice=four suggestions 四条建议
②by用法:作为介词,有多种含义。
用法
含义
示例
by+v.-ing
通过……手段;以……的方式
They study by working in groups.
by+交通工具
乘坐
They go to the park by subway.
by+抽象名词
由于 (表原因)
They met by chance.
by+时间点
不迟于
Jerry will arrive at the class by 8:30.
by+地点名词
在……旁;靠近
The doctor is standing by the door.
by+物
表示抓到或触及到的部分
I take him by the hand.
by+人
被某人……,常用于被动语态中
That umbrella is made by my mother.
常见搭配:by the way(顺便说一下);by oneself(独自);by the time(到.…...时候)。
in 表示“用……的方式,用……语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)”等;
with 表示“用……工具(具体有形的工具)”。
知识点15. It’s famous for its color.(它因它的颜色而著名。)(P84)
famous adj. 著名的;出名的
famous 相当于well known,其用法如下:
be famous as...
作为……出名。后接表示职业等的词。
be famous for...
因为……出名。后接闻名的原因。
be famous to...
为……所熟知。后接人。
☛Bruce Lee is famous as an actor. 李小龙作为演员出名。
☛Lang Lang is famous for playing the piano. 郎朗因为弹钢琴出名。
知识点13. How did you feel about the trip?(你觉得这次旅行怎么样?)(P84)
讲:feel v. 感觉;觉得;触摸;摸起来
词形变换:过去式 felt;过去分词 felt;现在分词 feeling;第三人称单数 feels
短语
含义
例句
feel + 形容词
感觉……;摸起来……
I feel tired. 我感觉很累。The silk feels soft. 丝绸摸起来很柔软。
feel like + 名词 /doing sth.
想要某物;想要做某事
I feel like water. 我想要水。I feel like walking. 我想散散步。
feel sb. do sth.
感觉到某人做了某事(全过程)
I felt him leave the room.我感觉到他离开了房间。
feel sb. doing sth.
感觉到某人正在做某事
I felt him shaking.我感觉到他在发抖。
例句:How did she feel about her visit to the Palace Museum?(她觉得参观故宫博物院怎么样?)
拓展:类似询问感受的句型:“What do/did sb think of sth?”(What did you think of the trip?),两者可互换,回答均需用形容词描述感受,如 “I felt very excited.(我觉得很兴奋。)”
知识点14. It’s one of the most amazing wonders of the world.(它是世界上最令人惊叹的奇迹之一。)(P85)
one of the most amazing wonders最令人惊叹的奇观之一
one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数,谓语动词用单数
例如:The Great Wall is one of the most amazing wonders.长城是最令人惊叹的奇观之一。
必考固定搭配
✅ one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 含义:…… 当中最…… 之一
> 考点 1:名词必须复数
> 考点 2:谓语动词用单数(主语是 one)
> 考点 3:形容词最高级前面要有 the
拓展短语:
one of the wonders …… 的奇观之一
be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
It’s amazing that …… 令人惊讶的是……
知识点15. It is not only a place of interest but also a symbol of the nation.(它不仅是一处名胜古迹,还是国家的象征。)(P85)
not only … but also …不但…… 而且……
必考固定搭配
① 就近原则(谓语动词看靠近 but also 的名词 / 代词)
Not only Tom but also his friends love this film.不但汤姆,他的朋友们也喜欢这部电影。
② 连接两个句子,not only 置于句首时,前半句倒装(中考阅读常考,写作可选)
Not only does he like English, but also he likes French.他不仅喜欢英语,还喜欢法语。
③ 并列两个形容词 / 名词 / 动词
She is not only kind but also helpful.她不仅善良而且乐于助人。
易混辨析: not only…but also… /as well as /both…and…
短语
含义
主谓一致规则
例句
not only … but also …
不但… 而且…
就近原则
Not only the girls but also Tom likes painting.
A as well as B
A 和 B
就远原则,看 A
Tom as well as the girls likes painting.
both … and …
两者都
谓语永远复数
Both Tom and the girls like painting.
知识点16. The Romans built Hadrian’s Wall to protect against the enemy in the northwest.(罗马人建造哈德良长城是为了抵御西北部的敌人。)(P88)
protect v. 保护;防护
词形变换:过去式 protected;过去分词 protected;现在分词 protecting;第三人称单数 protects
短语
含义
例句
protect sb./sth.
保护某人 / 某物
We should protect wild animals.我们应该保护野生动物。
protect sb./sth. from sth.
保护…… 免受……(伤害 / 侵害)
We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun.我们戴眼镜保护眼睛免受阳光伤害。
protect sb./sth. against sth.
防御;保护…… 抵御(危险、灾害)
Trees protect the soil against floods.树木保护土壤抵御洪水。
必考固定搭配
① protect sb./sth. from sth. 保护…… 免受……(中考最高频)
② protect sb./sth. against sth. 保护…… 抵御……
拓展派生词
protection /prəˈtekʃn/n. 保护;防护
protective /prəˈtektɪv/adj. 保护的;防护的
We need the protection of forests. 我们需要森林的保护。
单词
含义
搭配要点
例句
protect
保护,防护
protect … from/against 保护不受伤害
Protect children from danger.
prevent
阻止,防止
prevent … from doing 阻止…… 做某事
Nothing can prevent him from studying.
keep
保持;阻止
keep … from doing 阻止…… 做某事
Please keep him from smoking.
2、 单元语法
(1) 后缀 -y
> 两大功能:①名词 + -y → 形容词(重点);②名词后缀(表 “小、亲昵”,了解)
一、名词 + -y → 形容词(核心考点)
含义:充满……;有…… 的;多…… 的,常用来描述天气、环境、事物特征。
拼写变化表
规则
例子
一般名词直接加 -y
wind(风)→ windy(有风的)rain(雨)→ rainy(下雨的)cloud(云)→ cloudy(多云的)
重读闭音节:辅 + 元 + 辅结尾,双写末尾辅音字母再加 -y
sun(太阳)→ sunny(晴朗的)fog(雾)→ foggy(有雾的)mud(泥)→ muddy(泥泞的)
名词以不发音 e 结尾:去 e,再加 -y
noise(噪音)→ noisy(吵闹的)ice(冰)→ icy(冰冷的)
例句
1. It’s cloudy today. 今天多云。
2. The street is muddy after rain. 雨后街道泥泞。
二、-y 作名词后缀(了解,中考考得少)
含义 1:小……;亲昵叫法(口语)
原词
变形
中文
dog
doggy
小狗
pig
piggy
小猪
cat
kitty
小猫
含义 2:表性质、状态(这类词不多) honesty n. 诚实;difficulty n. 困难
3、 【超级重点】形容词结尾为 -y 的变形(必考)
口诀:形容词尾 y,变副、变比较级,y 要变成 i!
变形类型
规则
单词
比较级
变 y 为 i + -er
heavy → heavier happy → happier easy → easier
最高级
变 y 为 i + -est
heavy → heaviest happy → happiest easy → easiest
副词
变 y 为 i + -ly
happy → happily easy → easily heavy → heavily
(2) 动词不定式to do
动词不定式的结构
动词不定时的构成:不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to 是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。
(1)肯定式:to + 动词原形
It’s nice to meet you.
(2)否定式:not to + 动词原形
He told me not to leave this room
(to是不定式符号,无意义,有时可以不带)
动词不定式的句法功能
功能
例句
说明
主语
To speak English is not easy for us
=It is not easy for us to speak English.
作主语用的不定式,常常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面。
表语
My work is to clean the room everyday.
=To clean the room every day is my work.
多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换作为主语。
宾语
—What sports does he like to play?
—He likes to play basketball.
只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。
宾补
My mother made me play the piano all the time.
在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to。
定语
Have you got anything to say?
不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面。
状语
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)。
I went to the library to study English.(表目的)
不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。
1. 不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末其结构为:
①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为"做某事对某人来说是……"。
②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为"做某事花费某人多长时间"
如:To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well.
It’s important for us to protect the environment.
注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如:
It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。
2. 不定式作宾语
有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:
would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。
如: Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗?
②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如:
I find it easy to read English every day.
3.不定式作宾语补足语
tell, ask, want, allow, warn, advise, invite, get, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如:Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.
My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。
4.不定式作定语
不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
注意:如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。
There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。
The room is big enough for 10 people to live in .
5. 表示一般的概念时,不定式、动词ing形式可以互换,而表示具体的、个 别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。
What she likes is watching/to watch children play.她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
My wish is to become a good teacher.我的愿望就是要当个好老师。
注意:下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略to:
(1)主语是all其后有that引导的定语从句或what引导的从句,且从句中含有do的某种形式时。
(2)主语是the only,the first,the last,形容词最高级或被这些词修饰,主语后有定语从句,且定语从句中含有do的某种形式时。
All you need to do now is complete the form.你现在要做的是把这张表填好。
What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English.
我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。
The only thing to do now is go on.前进是现在唯一的出路。
6. 不定式作状语
不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果和原因。
To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.
He goes there to enjoy the fresh air.
He worked day and night to get the money.
动词不定式的特殊用法
不定式的特殊用法
①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,须省略to。此类动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时,省略的to则要加上。
②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do,其被动形式为to be done。
►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。
③常接"疑问词+带to的不定式"的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。
►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。
跟动词不定式的情况总结归纳
跟动词不定式的情况总结归纳:(加强记忆)
①动词:agree to do同意去做;
afford to do买得起;decide to do决定去做某事;hope to do希望去做;wish to do希望去做;
fail to do做某事失败去;plan to do打算去做;pretend to do假装去做;
refuse to do拒绝去做;would like to do=want to do想要去做某事;learn to do 学做;
prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事;sb. seem to do sth好像做某事;
used to do sth. 过去常做某事
②句型.
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事
ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)
follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事
warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
be excited/glad/happy/sorry/ frightened/amazed/surprised to do sth.
be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事
get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会
It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. / It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)
It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了
too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能…… ==not… enough to do (常考)
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……(常考)
something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易
take turns to do sth. 轮流做……
There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对(某人来说)没时间做某事了
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事
try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
have something/nothing to do with sb 与......有关/无关
3、 单元写作清单
一、话题分析
本单元写作话题为Amazing Places(令人惊叹的地方),属于地点介绍类说明文。要求选取一处名胜古迹或特色风景区,从地理位置、景色特点、人文文化、价值意义等方面进行介绍,简单表达个人感受。
文体:说明文
时态:一般现在时(介绍客观事实);少量现在完成时(谈论游览经历)
人称:第三人称为主(介绍景点),第一人称结尾抒发感受
高频考点:方位表达、描述景物、评价景点,常考短语:be known for, lie in, a symbol of, places of cultural interest,not only…but also…
二、写作内容
选择一处景点(如长城、故宫、云南梯田、泰山等),完成短文写作,内容包含:
1. 景点的地理位置(在哪一个省份 / 方位)
2. 景点外观、景色特点
3. 历史、文化价值
4. 游客情况
5. 个人评价与感受,推荐别人前往
三、写作要点
✅ 要点 1:点明介绍的地点,交代地理位置(lie in /be in…)
✅ 要点 2:描述风景、建筑特色,使用形容词描绘景色
✅ 要点 3:介绍历史文化,说明出名的原因(be known for…)
✅ 要点 4:介绍游客,每年很多人来参观(millions of visitors)
✅ 要点 5:简单评价,表达推荐,可用 not only…but also…
⚠️ 注意事项
1. 介绍客观事实多用一般现在时,动词第三人称单数不要漏 s
2. 方位介词 in /on/to 区分;固定短语不要写错
3. 条理清晰,分段,不要堆砌单词
4. 词数要求:80 词左右(八年级标准)
四、写作思路提示(总分总结构)
开头(总):开门见山,引出要介绍的地点,点明位置。
中间(分):分 2 层。第一层描写景色 / 建筑特征;第二层介绍历史文化,出名原因。
结尾(总):游客情况 + 个人评价,推荐大家参观。
五、写作步骤详解
步骤 1:审题。确定写哪个景点,确定时态、人称、词数,列出要写的要点。
步骤 2:列提纲,提取关键词。
例:The Great Wall
① in the north of China; lies in many provinces
② long, made of stone; old watchtowers
③ a symbol of the nation; keep out enemies in ancient times
④ millions of visitors every year
⑤ amazing; not only great but also meaningful; worth visiting
步骤 3:连词成句,用上本单元句型和短语。
步骤 4:连句成段,加上过渡词(And, Also, What’s more)。
步骤 5:检查:时态、主谓一致、单词拼写、固定搭配,修正错误。
六、词汇积累(本单元核心,直接用于写作)
名词:province 省份;landscape 风景;palace 宫殿;terrace 梯田;watchtower 瞭望塔;culture 文化;visitor 游客;symbol 象征;protection 保护
形容词:central 中心的;natural 自然的;rich 丰富的;unusual 特别的;amazing 令人惊叹的
短语:lie in 位于;be made of 由…… 制成;be known for 因…… 闻名;be rich in 富含;millions of 数百万;places of cultural interest 文化名胜;in ancient times 在古代;a symbol of the nation 国家的象征;look forward to 盼望;not only…but also… 不仅…… 而且……
七、句型指导
1. It lies in… 它位于……
It lies in the southeast of the province.它位于这个省的东南部。
2. It is known for… 它因…… 而闻名。
It is known for its beautiful terraces.它因美丽的梯田而出名。
3. It is a symbol of… 它是…… 的象征。
It is a symbol of the nation.它是国家的象征。
4. It is made of… 它由…… 制成。
The old wall is made of stone.这面古墙由石头建成。
5. Not only… but also… 不仅…… 而且……
It is not only beautiful but also has a long history.它不仅景色优美,而且历史悠久。
6. Millions of… come to visit it every year.每年数百万人前来参观。
7. It is well worth visiting. 它很值得参观。
8. I think it is an amazing place. 我认为这是一个令人惊叹的地方。
八、范文
根据以下提示,写一篇介绍一个令人惊叹的地方的短文
写作要求:
请你以“An Amazing Place”为题,写一篇英语短文,介绍一个你印象深刻的地方。内容包括:
1. 这个地方在哪里;
2. 它有什么特别之处(事实);
3. 你对这个地方的感受和看法(观点)。
注意:不少于70词;可适当运用本单元所学词汇与表达。
An Amazing Place
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
An Amazing Place
I want to introduce an amazing place—Yangshuo. It is in the south of Guangxi, China. It is famous for its beautiful karst mountains and the Li River.
The Li River runs through the town. On both sides of the river, you can see many hills in different shapes. Some look like animals and others look like people. It is really a wonderful view. The food there is also delicious. I tried many local dishes and they were all great. In my opinion, Yangshuo is one of the most beautiful places in China. It is not only a place for sightseeing, but also a place to relax and enjoy nature.
I hope I can visit it again one day.
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步:审题立意]
确定文体:说明文,一般现在时
明确要点:①写明地点位置;②讲述独特特色与实景事实;③抒发个人感受与看法;
确定人称:第一人称,时态以一般现在时为主,叙事部分穿插一般过去时
注意事项:不少于70词,可运用本单元所学词汇
[第二步:构思布局]
开头:点明将要介绍的令人惊叹之地——阳朔
主体:交代具体地理位置;第二层描写喀斯特山峰、漓江风光、特色美食,详细阐述独特之处
结尾:发表个人观点,评价此地价值,抒发重游的期许
[第三步:要点展开]
要点一:地点位置
地点选择:Yangshuo/Guilin/Hangzhou/Chengdu/Zhangjiajie/Lijiang等
位置描述:in the south of Guangxi/in southern China/in the southwest/on the coast等
要点二:独特之处
景观事物:karst mountains/the Li River/hills in different shapes/waterfalls/green mountains/clear rivers等
特色事物:local dishes/delicious traditional food/local snacks/fresh fruit/handmade crafts/traditional paintings/folk music等
实景事实:the river runs through the town/hills stand along the river banks/the river flows through the town / the hills rise along the river/clouds cover the mountain tops/ the sun sets behind the hills等
要点三:个人感受观点
评价词汇:wonderful view/most beautiful places/natural paradise等
个人观点:a place for sightseeing/a place to relax and enjoy nature/an ideal place to spend time with family等
主观期许:hope to visit it again/want to experience the scenery once more等
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.You need to answer the questions ________ (correct) to get full marks.
【答案】correctly
【详解】句意:你需要正确地回答这些问题才能得满分。句中空格修饰动词answer,修饰动词要使用副词。correct是形容词,其副词形式为correctly。
2.We were shocked by the ________ (wonder) view of the sunrise on the mountain.
【答案】wonderful
【详解】句意:我们被山上日出的奇妙景色震撼了。空格后是名词view,需要形容词来修饰;wonder是名词,其形容词形式为wonderful,在句中作定语。
3.The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces may be a ________ (choose) for your vacation.
【答案】choice
【详解】句意:红河哈尼梯田可能是您度假的一个选择。空格前有不定冠词a,说明这里需要填入单数名词作表语,括号内的动词choose意为“选择”,对应的名词形式是choice,意为“选择”。
4.The Hani people developed a watering project. Today, it still helps them bring water from the forests to ________ (field).
【答案】fields
【详解】句意:哈尼族开发了一项引水工程,如今它仍帮助他们将森林中的水源引到田地里。field“田地”,此处与“forests”并列,用所给词的名词复数形式fields。
5.It is cold and ________ (wind) out here, yet it’s quite crowded already.
【答案】windy
【详解】句意:这儿外面又冷又刮风,可这里已经相当拥挤了。连词and连接并列表语,前面是形容词“cold”(寒冷的),空格处也需要填入形容词,和cold并列作表语。wind是名词,意为“风”,形容词为windy,意为 “有风的、刮风的”。所以填windy。
6.The little boy doesn’t know how ________ (use) the new software.
【答案】to use
【详解】句意:这个小男孩不知道如何使用这款新软件。句中有固定结构“疑问词how + 动词不定式”,该结构可在句中作宾语,用来表达“如何做某事”,use需变为不定式形式,故填to use。
7.Last weekend Aloe spent as much time as she could _________ (lie) on the sofa.
【答案】lying
【详解】句意:上周末,阿洛伊花了尽可能多的时间躺在沙发上。“spend time (in) doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事”,需接动名词作宾语。“lie”的动名词形式为“lying”。
8.All the chairs in the new park are ______ (fix) to the ground, so they are safe and won’t be moved.
【答案】fixed
【详解】句意:新公园里所有的椅子都被固定在地面上,所以它们很安全,不会被移动。“fix”是动词,意为“固定”。根据“chairs”和“fix”可知,椅子与“固定”动作构成被动关系,需用被动语态,结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”,fix的过去分词是fixed,故填fixed。
9.My mom always remembers the ________ (say) “Honesty is the best policy”.
【答案】saying
【详解】句意:我妈妈总是记得“诚实为上策”这句格言。根据“My mom always remembers the…‘Honesty is the best policy’”可知,这里需要一个表示“格言、谚语”的名词,saying“格言”符合语境。故填saying。
10.The Shanghai Tower is very impressive. Its ________ (high) is 632 meters.
【答案】height
【详解】句意:上海中心大厦令人印象深刻。它的高度是632米。根据“Its...is 632 meters.”及提示词可知,此处指它的高度是632米。句中缺主语,height“高度”,名词,作主语。故填height。
二、根据首字母提示完成句子
11.The design of the Sydney Opera House carries an important m______ about creativity.
【答案】message/essage
【详解】悉尼歌剧院的设计传达了一个关于创造力的重要信息。根据“The design of the Sydney Opera House carries an important…about creativity.”以及首字母提示可知,此处指该设计传达了一个关于创造力的重要信息,message“消息;信息”,根据“an”可知,此处用单数形式。故填message。
12.The g________ plans to carry out a survey on environmental protection next month.
【答案】government/overnment
【详解】句意:政府计划下个月进行一次关于环境保护的调查。environmental protection指“环境保护调查”,这通常由政府机构或类似官方实体执行,结合首字母提示可知,空格处应填名词government“政府”。故填government。
13.—What is the a________ of the numbers 7, 9 and 11?
—It’s 9.
【答案】average/verage
【详解】句意:——数字7、9和11的平均数是什么?——是9。根据“the numbers 7, 9 and 11”和“It’s 9.”可知,这三个数的平均数是9。average“平均数”符合语境。故填average。
14.The beautiful mountain l_______ took my breath away.
【答案】(l)andscape
【详解】句意:那美丽的山景让我惊叹不已。根据“The beautiful mountain”和首字母提示可知是指美丽的山景,“landscape”意为“风景,景色”。故填(l)andscape。
15.The Monument to the People’s Heroes stands tall in the c________ area of Tian’anmen Square.
【答案】(c)entral
【详解】句意:人民英雄纪念碑高耸在天安门广场的中心区域。根据常识和首字母“c”可知,此处表示“中心的”,“central”有“中心的”的意思,修饰名词“area”,所以用形容词“central”。故填(c)entral。
16.West Lake in Hangzhou, known for its beautiful scenery, is a UNESCO site in Zhejiang P________.
【答案】(P)rovince
【详解】句意:杭州西湖以其美丽的景色而闻名,是浙江省的一处联合国教科文组织遗产地。根据“West Lake in Hangzhou”和首字母“P”可知,杭州西湖位于浙江省,province“省”,用于专有名词“Zhejiang Province”中,首字母大写。故填(P)rovince。
17.These ancient temples are under p________ by international laws.
【答案】(p)rotection
【详解】句意:这些古庙受到国际法的保护。根据“These ancient temples are under…by international laws.”及首字母提示可知,此处指古庙受到国际法的保护。under protection“受到保护”,固定搭配。故填(p)rotection。
18.The museum program helps r________ children’s interest in world heritage sites.
【答案】(r)aise
【详解】句意:这个博物馆项目有助于激发孩子们对世界遗产地的兴趣。根据首字母“r”可知,博物馆项目有助于激发兴趣,此处表示“激发;唤起”,“raise”有“引起;唤起”的意思,“help do sth”为固定用法,所以用动词原形“raise”。故填(r)aise。
19.The big cake is d________ and we all like eating it.
【答案】(d)elicious
【详解】句意:这个大蛋糕很好吃,我们都喜欢吃它。根据“we all like eating it”和首字母提示“d”可知,此处应填形容词“delicious”,意思是“美味的”,在句中作表语,描述“the big cake”的味道,符合语境。故填(d)elicious。
20.We can ask our parents for help when we have problems as they have more e________.
【答案】(e)xperience
【详解】句意:当我们遇到问题时,我们可以向父母寻求帮助,因为他们有更多的经验。根据“We can ask our parents for help when we have problems as they have more e...”可知,父母有更多的经验,experience“经验”,不可数名词,故填(e)xperience。
三、单项选择
21.In ancient times, the Hani people ________ a watering project.
A.developed B.discovered C.drew D.described
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在古代,哈尼族人开发了一个灌溉工程。
developed开发;discovered发现;drew画;described描述。根据“In ancient times, the Hani people...a watering project.”可知,此处指哈尼族人建造或开发了水利项目,developed符合语境。
22.Farmers raise fish and ducks in the water-filled rice fields to make better use ________ them.
A.on B.of C.for D.with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:农民们在注水的稻田里养鱼和鸭子,以便更好地利用它们。
on在……上;of……的;for为了;with和。固定短语“make use of”意为“利用”,需用介词of,此处“make better use of”意为“更好地利用”。
23.As we all know, a rocket flies ________ than an ordinary plane.
A.far quicker B.more quicker C.far quickly D.much more quickly
【答案】D
【详解】‘句意:众所周知,火箭飞得比普通飞机快得多。
修饰动词flies应用副词quickly;句中有than,应用副词比较级more quickly;much可以修饰比较级表示程度。故选D。
24.The teachers often advise us ________ in the river. It’s dangerous.
A.not swim B.don’t swim C.not swimming D.not to swim
【答案】D
【详解】句意:老师们经常建议我们不要在河里游泳。这很危险。
advise sb. (not) to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“建议某人(不要)做某事”,不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not。根据“It’s dangerous”可知是建议不要游泳。故选D。
25.Nancy reminds the visitors ________ photos in the museum.
A.not take B.to not take C.not taking D.not to take
【答案】D
【详解】句意:南希提醒游客不要在博物馆里拍照。
根据“reminds the visitors”可知,此处考查remind的用法,remind sb not to do sth“提醒某人不要做某事”,所以空缺处应该用动词不定式的否定形式not to take。
26.—What is the weather like in Shenyang?
—In the northeast of China, the ________ is usually ________ -20℃ in winter.
A.weather; below B.weather; under
C.temperature; below D.temperature; under
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——沈阳的天气怎么样?——在中国东北,冬天的气温通常低于零下20摄氏度。
weather天气;temperature温度;below低于(常用于温度、高度等数值以下);under在……下面(常用于物理位置)。根据“-20℃”可知,此处表示温度低于零下20度,应用temperature和below。
27.The policeman warned the students ________ in the river because it is dangerous.
A.not swim B.not swimming C.not to swim D.don’t swim
【答案】C
【详解】句意:警察警告学生们不要在河里游泳,因为这很危险。
考查动词不定式的否定形式。根据“because it is dangerous”可知,该语境表示“警告学生不能在河里游泳”,表示否定含义。warn sb. not to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“警告某人不要做某事”。故选C。
28.When preparing for the interview, you should ______ wearing casual clothes, and you can’t ______ much on luck to get the job.
A.avoid; depend B.refuse; rely C.avoid; trust D.refuse; depend
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当准备面试时,你应该避免穿休闲服,而且你不能太依赖运气来得到这份工作。
考查动词辨析。avoid避免;depend依赖;refuse拒绝;rely依靠;trust信任。第一个空,强调“避免”穿休闲服这一行为,avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”,排除B和D;第二空,需与介词on 搭配表示“依赖运气”,depend on为固定搭配;trust 虽可表信任,但trust on不常见 (通常用trust in或trust直接接宾语),排除C。故选A。
29.—Can you give me some advice on how to learn English?
—Yes, ________ is the best teacher.
A.surprise B.situation C.pleasure D.interest
【答案】D
【详解】句意: ——你能给我一些关于如何学习英语的建议吗? ——是的,兴趣是最好的老师。
考查名词辨析。surprise惊讶;situation情况;pleasure愉快;interest兴趣。根据文意“兴趣是最好的老师”,强调兴趣对学习的重要性,符合语境。故选D。
30.—We can’t ________ to learn a foreign language in a few months.
—Yes, we should spend enough time on it.
A.wait B.hope C.reach D.expect
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我们不能指望在几个月中学会一门外语。——是的,我们应该花足够的时间在上面。
考查动词辨析。wait等待;hope希望;reach达到;expect期望。根据“we should spend enough time on it.”可知,此处表达不能期望在短时间内学会。故选D。
四、完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
The Ancient City of Pingyao is 31 Shanxi Province, China. It has a history of about 2,800 years. Pingyao is famous for its city 32 and traditional culture. The ancient walls in the city are popular with 33 . There is a watchtower at every corner of the city walls. People built the walls and watchtowers 34 keep themselves safe. Pingyao also had the first bank in China. It was the business 35 in the old times. Today, people still 36 and keep the ancient culture. They celebrate 37 with landboat dances and other shows. Thanks to 38 protection, we can now still experience the 39 life of Pingyao. It is a great place to learn about Chinese 40 .
31.A.on B.at C.in D.of
32.A.structure B.structures C.a structure D.the structure
33.A.tourist B.tourists C.a tourist D.the tourist
34.A.for B.to C.at D.on
35.A.center B.side C.part D.corner
36.A.respect B.respects C.respected D.respecting
37.A.festivals B.festival C.a festival D.the festival
38.A.week B.government C.attention D.cover
39.A.past B.present C.future D.new
40.A.history B.culture C.story D.tradition
【答案】
31.C 32.A 33.B 34.B 35.A 36.A 37.A 38.B 39.A 40.A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国山西省平遥古城的地理位置、悠久历史、城墙与市楼等建筑、古代金融中心地位以及传统文化保护,展现了平遥作为历史文化名城的独特魅力。
【详解】31.句意:平遥古城位于中国山西省。
空格处表示“在山西省内”,大地点前应用介词in,符合语境。on表示“在……上面/接壤”、at用于小地点、of表示所属关系,均用法不符。
32.句意:平遥以其城市结构和传统文化而闻名。
空格处与“traditional culture”并列作介词for的宾语,需用名词;city structure“城市结构”,此处表示整体概念,用单数形式即可。structures为复数,a structure/the structure带有冠词,均不符合语境。
33.句意:古城墙深受游客喜爱。
空格处作介词with的宾语,“be popular with sb.”表示“受某人欢迎”,应用复数名词tourists表示泛指。tourist为单数,a/the tourist为特指,均不符合。
34.句意:人们建墙和塔楼是为了保护自身安全。
空格处表示建造城墙的目的,应用不定式符号to构成“to keep themselves safe”作目的状语。for后接名词/动名词,at/on不符合此处逻辑。
35.句意:它在古代是商业中心。
空格处作表语,business center“商业中心”。side“边”、part“部分”、corner“角落”均不能准确表达“中心”含义。
36.句意:如今,人们仍然尊重并保留古代文化。
空格处作谓语,与keep并列;主语people为复数,时态为一般现在时,应用动词原形respect。respects为单三形式,respected为过去式/过去分词,respecting为现在分词,均不符合。
37.句意:他们用旱船舞和其他表演来庆祝节日。
空格处作celebrate的宾语,应用复数名词festivals表示泛指各类节日。单数festival前需加冠词,此处无冠词;the festival表特指,亦不符合。
38.句意:多亏政府的保护,我们现在仍能体验平遥的过去生活。
空格处修饰名词protection,需用名词作定语;结合语境,平遥古城的保护应归功于“government(政府)”。week“周”、attention“注意”、cover“封面”均与“protection”搭配不当或语义不符。
39.句意:多亏政府的保护,我们现在仍能体验平遥的过去生活。
空格处作定语修饰life;平遥古城展现的是古代/过去的生活,past“过去的”符合语境。present“现在的”、future“未来的”、new“新的”均与古城保护主题不符。
40.句意:这是了解中国历史的好地方。
空格处作介词about的宾语;平遥有2800年历史,是了解中国“history(历史)”的绝佳场所。culture“文化”虽相关但前文已多次提及;story“故事”、tradition“传统”范围过窄。
五、阅读理解
①In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) with red windows. They stand there among tall and green trees. Let me introduce the village to you.
②Many tourists come to Liuke Village to enjoy its landscape. “The kids come here to enjoy the fields, the old enjoy the landscape quietly, and the young people can go camping. It’s quite a good experience here.” says Zhao Mingzhu, a tourist from Zhejiang Province.
③Liuke is an ancient village. It is by the Wanquan River in Hainan. The Wanquan River is 163 km long. Many famous songs can show the river’s clear water. Now, the Wanquan River is a calling card for Hainan. It’s because the river has beautiful stories and a long history.
④In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to go by this village. Then the village became a stopover for tourists, so it got its name, Liuke.
⑤If you’re looking to walk through history, relax by the river, or simply enjoy the countryside, Liuke Village is a good choice. Why not come here for a visit? I’m sure you’ll be attracted by the scenery here.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
41.What can tourists do in Liuke Village?
A.They can plant tall and green trees. B.They can build the modern buildings.
C.They can show the river’s clear water. D.They can enjoy the landscape of the village.
42.Why is the Wanquan River a calling card for Hainan?
A.Because it’s very quiet. B.Because its water is very clear.
C.Because the landscape is very beautiful. D.Because it has beautiful stories and long history.
43.What does the underlined word “stopover” mean in the text?
A.A stopping place on a journey. B.A place to stop and buy things.
C.A place to stop and have a meal. D.A place to stop and take photos.
44.Why is the sentence “Why not come here for a visit?” written in the last paragraph?
A.To encourage readers to visit the village. B.To hope to get help from tourists.
C.To tell a story about an old village. D.To show rich stories and rich culture.
45.What is the structure (结构) of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
【答案】41.D 42.D 43.A 44.A 45.B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国海南的留客村,内容涵盖该村的游客游玩项目、地理位置与周边的万泉河、村名的由来,最后向读者发出游玩邀请。
【详解】41.根据文章第②段“Many tourists come to Liuke Village to enjoy its landscape.”可知,游客可以在留客村欣赏乡村风景。
42.根据文章第③段“It’s because the river has beautiful stories and a long history.”可知,万泉河成为海南名片的原因是它拥有美丽的故事和悠久的历史。
43.根据文章第④段“In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to go by this village, Then the village became a stopover for tourists”可知,过去人们去往其他村庄都要经过这里,因此这个村子是旅途中的停留处,stopover意为“旅途中的停留地”。
44.根据文章第⑤段“If you’re looking to walk through history, relax by the river, or simply enjoy the countryside, Liuke Village is a good choice. Why not come here for a visit?”可知,作者先点明留客村是游玩的好选择,随后用该句发出邀请,目的是鼓励读者来这个村子参观。
45.文章第①段总起,引出要介绍的留客村;第②③④段分别从游客活动、万泉河相关情况、村名由来三个角度具体介绍留客村;第⑤段总结全文并邀请读者前往游玩,属于“总—分—总”结构,与选项B的结构图示匹配。
六、选词填空
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
place reach five we and happy walk true as early
I spent one week in Norway last month. I loved every minute of my stay. The words such 46 “beautiful” and “wonderful” are not enough to tell how I feel about this country. I finally know why it is one of the 47 countries in the world.
I 48 Oslo on 23rd September. I took a train to the station to meet my friends Kevin and Jane. They flew to Oslo from London, and they got here a day 49 than me.
We only stayed in Oslo for a day. The weather was nice and sunny. We spent the day 50 around Oslo. Each of 51 enjoyed a nice cup of coffee.
During the one-week trip, we wanted to see more of the countryside. We rented (租) a car and went to other 52 the next day. On the way, we saw colourful houses. On the 53 day, we arrived in Bergen in the afternoon.
We loved Bergen. It’s a colourful city 54 we spent two days in Bergen. We walked around the old city. And we were lucky to meet some friendly people.
It’s such a beautiful country that I 55 want to visit it again.
【答案】
46.as 47.happiest 48.reached 49.earlier 50.walking 51.us 52.places 53.fifth 54.and 55.truly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者上个月在挪威度过的一周旅行经历,包括在奥斯陆和卑尔根的见闻及感受。
【详解】46.句意:像“美丽”和“精彩”这样的词语不足以表达我对这个国家的感受。such as为固定搭配,意为“例如”,用来列举事物。
47.句意:我终于知道为什么它是世界上最幸福的国家之一。根据前文“美丽”、“精彩”等词可知这是一个幸福的国家,one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数,表示“最……之一”,happy变为最高级happiest。
48.句意:我在9月23日到达奥斯陆。根据句意可知是到达;根据上下文可知动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,reach变为reached。
49.句意:他们从伦敦飞往奥斯陆,比我早到一天。根据than可知此处应用比较级,表示“更早”,early变为earlier。
50.句意:我们花了一天时间在奥斯陆周围散步。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定用法,意为“花费时间做某事”,备选词中散步最符合语境,walk变为walking。
51.句意:我们每个人都享受了一杯美味的咖啡。根据Each of可知后面接人称代词宾格,只有we的宾格形式符合,we的宾格形式为us。
52.句意:第二天我们租了一辆车去了其他地方。other 后接可数名词复数,表示“其他的……”,结合语境可知我们去了其他地方,place变为复数形式places。
53.句意:在第五天,我们下午到达了卑尔根。这是旅行的第五天,表示顺序应用序数词,five的序数词形式为fifth。
54.句意:它是一个色彩斑斓的城市,并且我们在卑尔根度过了两天。前后两个分句为并列关系,应用连词and连接。
55.句意:这个国家如此的美丽,我真的想再去参观一次。修饰动词want应用副词,表示“真的”,用true的副词形式truly。
七、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi, boys and girls. I am a middle school student from Beijing and my name is Lin Li. It’s my turn to tell something about my holiday 56 (experience).
Last summer vacation, my classmate Liu Fang and I decided to go somewhere beautiful. After searching on the Internet, we 57 (agree) to go to Yuntai Mountain, Henan Province. 58 a hot night, we took the train to Xinxiang. It was about 64 kilometres away from Yuntai Mountain. Most people on the train slept at night, 59 we were too excited to sleep. The train arrived in Xinxiang at 4:21 a. m. the next day. At the train station, we waited about half 60 hour for the bus to Yuntai Mountain. We visited Tanpuxia in the morning. In the afternoon, we visited Hongshixia. The scenery there took 61 (I) breath away. We took lots of photos and some of them even had a beautiful rainbow because we 62 (have) two showers. The next day, it was sunny and 63 (comfort). We went to Shaolin Temple and the Longmen Grottoes (龙门石窟). They were wonderful. At the shop near the Longmen Grottoes, I bought two silk 64 (scarf) for my mother, and Liu Fang bought a gift for her brother.
We 65 (real) enjoyed this trip.
【答案】
56. experience/experiences
57. agreed
58. On
59. but
60. an
61. my
62. had
63. comfortable
64. scarves
65.really
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍林立分享自己去年暑假和同学去河南云台山游玩的经历。
【详解】56.句意:轮到我来讲一些关于我的假期经历的事。此处experience作可数名词,可指这次假期里多件见闻,用experiences;也可把这次整体旅途视作一次完整经历,用experience,两种形式在本句语境中都成立,故填experience/experiences。
57.句意:在网上查找之后,我们同意去河南云台山。整篇文章讲述去年暑假发生的往事,时态为一般过去时,agree的过去式是agreed,故填agreed。
58.句意:在一个炎热的夜晚,我们坐火车前往新乡。当night前面有形容词hot修饰,特指具体某一个夜晚时,介词要用on,句首首字母大写,故填On。
59.句意:火车上大多数人夜里都睡觉了,但是我们太兴奋了睡不着。前半句说其他人睡觉,后半句说我们兴奋无法入睡,前后存在转折关系,but意为“但是”,用来连接两个分句,故填but。
60.句意:在火车站,我们等了大约半小时前往云台山的公交车。hour是以元音音素开头的单词,half an hour为常用表达,表示半小时,故填an。
61.句意:那里的景色让我惊叹不已。take one’s breath away是常用短语,意为“令人惊叹”,括号内I为主格,这里需要形容词性物主代词my修饰名词breath,故填my。
62.句意:我们拍了许多照片,其中一些照片里甚至出现了一道美丽的彩虹,因为我们遇上了两场阵雨。全文叙述过去的旅行事件,时态用一般过去时,have的过去式为had,故填had。
63.句意:第二天,天气晴朗舒适。and并列两个表语,sunny是形容词,空格处也需要形容词;comfort是名词,形容词形式comfortable表示“舒适的”,用来描述天气,故填comfortable。
64.句意:在龙门石窟附近的商店里,我给妈妈买了两条丝绸围巾。数词two表示两个,后面可数名词要使用复数,scarf的复数形式是scarves,故填scarves。
65.句意:我们真的很享受这次旅行。句子主谓结构完整,此处需要副词修饰动词enjoyed;real是形容词,副词形式really表示“真正地”,故填really。
八、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,回答下列问题。
Have you ever visited Hukou Waterfall? Hukou Waterfall is always compared to a shining pearl (明珠) in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.
When the Yellow River runs through mountains to Hukou, the river narrows (变窄) from 300 meters to just over 50 meters. The water suddenly falls into a deep pool. As a result, a wonderful waterfall appears. It seems that the water pours into a big pot, which is how it got the name “Hukou”.
The power of the waterfall is tremendous (巨大的) when it falls, so it is hard for you to get close to the main waterfall. Looking from far away, you can enjoy the amazing fog-covered water. The beauty cannot be described in words. You cannot know unless you visit it in person.
There are four wonders of Hukou, “smoking in water”, “colourful bridge to the sky”, “dragons playing with waves” and “thunder generated from valley stream”. The waterfall flies straight down with water splashing (溅), clouds and mist rising. Under the sunlight, you will see a rainbow hanging over the waterfall. The poem “Chant to Hukou” written by Zhang Yingchun in the Ming Dynasty describes the beauty of “colourful bridge to the sky”.
The view of Hukou Waterfall changes according to the seasons. So you can enjoy its special beauty from spring to winter.
66.How does the writer start the text?
67.Why is this waterfall called Hukou Waterfall?
68.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
69.What are the four wonders of Hukou Waterfall according to the text?
70.If you have a holiday, where will you go? Why?
【答案】66.By asking a question. 67.Because the water falls into a deep pool and it seems that the water pours into a big pot. 68.Hukou Waterfall. 69.“Smoking in water”, “colourful bridge to the sky”, “dragons playing with waves” and “thunder generated from valley stream”. 70.I will go to Xi’ an. Because it is a city full of history and culture./I will go to Yunnan. Because the food there is delicious and the landscape there is beautiful./...
【导语】本文主要介绍了壶口瀑布的地理位置、名称由来、景观特点、四大奇观以及季节变化之美。
【详解】66.原文开头句子“Have you ever visited Hukou Waterfall?”是一般疑问句,作者以提出问题的方式开启本篇文章。
67.原文第二段“It seems that the water pours into a big pot, which is how it got the name “Hukou”.”,结合前文“The water suddenly falls into a deep pool.”,整合两处信息得到答案。
68.原文第三段“You cannot know unless you visit it in person.”,代词it指代前文提到的主体Hukou Waterfall。
69.原文第四段直接给出“There are four wonders of Hukou, “smoking in water”, “colourful bridge to the sky”, “dragons playing with waves” and “thunder generated from valley stream”.”,直接摘抄原文信息作答。
70.本题为开放性试题,答案不唯一。回答需要写明想去的地点,并且给出合理对应的理由,语法正确即可。
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