内容正文:
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复习课件
Unit 3
Places we live in
人教PEP版 · 四年级上册(新教材)
There be 句型
一般现在时
1.7.2013
同学们,今天我们来复习Unit 3 Places we live in。本单元我们学习了社区里的各种场所,以及两个重要的语法点:There be句型和一般现在时。通过今天的复习,希望大家能熟练掌握这两个语法,并用英语介绍自己居住的社区。
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Contents
01 Letters & Sounds
02 Words & phrases
03 Sentences
04 Tips
1.7.2013
本课件分为四个部分:核心词汇、There be句型、一般现在时、练习巩固与参考答案。通过图示化的方式帮助学生理解和记忆两大语法点。
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01
Letters & Sounds
核心语音
字母组合 ck 发 /k/ 音
/k/
back
ck
black
sock
duck
02
Words & phrases
核心词汇 · Key Words
场所类词汇
park
公园
library
图书馆
playground
操场
museum
博物馆
hospital
医院
shop
商店
community
社区
bus stop
公交站
toilet
卫生间
sport
体育运动
walk
散步
favourite
最喜欢的
常考短语 ·
Useful Phrases
go shopping 去购物 take a walk 散步 do some sports 做运动 see a doctor 看医生 play in the park 在公园玩耍 buy gifts 买礼物
in your community 在你的社区
其他词汇:
afternoon 下午 · there 在那里 · place 地方 · photo 照片 · story 故事 · buy 购买
1.7.2013
本单元核心词汇围绕社区场所展开,每个单词都配有对应图标帮助记忆。绿色和橙色交替的彩色卡片,常考短语和语音知识。
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03
Sentences
_________________________________________________________________
核心句型 · Key Sentences
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
什么构成了一个社区?
2. 我们都构成了我们的社区!它是我们所有人的地方!
3. 有一个操场。
4. 我们都在那里玩耍。
_________________________________________________________________
What makes a community?
We all make our community! It's a place for us all!
There is a playground.
We all play there.
核心句型 · Key Sentences
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. 那边还有一个漂亮的公园。
9. 我经常在那里做运动。
6. 这是一个图书馆。哇!有这么多书。
7. 我社区里最喜欢的地方是博物馆。
8. 有很多旧东西和照片。
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
There is also a nice park over there.
This is a library. Wow! There are so many books.
My favourite place in my community is the museum.
There are many old things and photos.
I often do sports there.
12
04
Tips
Part 1 · There be 句型
定义与核心功能:什么是There be?
?
There be句型表示"某地有某物",强调存在关系。
There是引导词,没有实际意义;be动词(is/are)是真正的谓语。
There be(存在)
There is a book on the desk.
桌子上有一本书。
(书存在于桌子上)
have/has(拥有)
I have a book.
我有一本书。
(书归我所有)
记忆口诀
There be 表存在,地点放后面;
have has 表拥有,主语在前面。
易错点:
There be句型中,There后面必须跟be动词(is/are),
不能直接跟have/has。There have a book.是错误的!
1.7.2013
There be句型表示某地有某物,强调存在关系。There是引导词,be动词是谓语。要区分There be(存在)和have/has(拥有)。易错点:There后面必须跟be动词,不能跟have。
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Part 1 · There be 句型
肯定句结构:There is / There are
基本结构:There + be动词(is/are) + 主语 + 地点状语
1
There is + 单数
2
There are + 复数
易错点:
看主语单复数决定is/are,
不是看后面的地点!
There is a park near my home.
我家附近有一个公园。
a park 是单数名词 → 用 is
There are many books in the library.
图书馆里有很多书。
many books 是复数 → 用 are
不可数名词也用is:
There is some water in the bottle.(瓶子里有一些水。)
There is a lot of milk in the glass.(杯子里有很多牛奶。)
1.7.2013
There be肯定句结构:There + be动词 + 主语 + 地点。单数名词和不可数名词用is,复数名词用are。关键看主语的单复数,不是看地点。
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Part 1 · There be 句型
否定句与一般疑问句:be动词的移动
否定句
规则:be动词(is/are)后加 not
There isn't a library in our community.
There aren't any shops near here.
一般疑问句
规则:be动词提前至句首,句末加问号
Is there a gym in your school?
Are there any museums in this city?
be动词移动图示
There is a park.
Is there a park?
There isn't a park.
回答方式 & 易错点
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are. 否定回答:No, there isn't/aren't.
易错:否定句中some要变为any(There aren't any shops.),不能说There aren't some shops.
1.7.2013
否定句在be动词后加not,缩写为isn't/aren't。一般疑问句把be动词提前到句首。回答用Yes, there is/are或No, there isn't/aren't。注意否定句中some要变成any,这是高频考点。
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对比维度 There be(存在) have/has(拥有)
核心含义 某地/某时有某物,无所属关系 某人/某物属于另一主体,有所属关系
主语 There(引导词)+ be动词 人/物(I/you/he/she/it/we/they)
例句 There is a book on the desk.
桌子上有一本书。 I have a book.
我有一本书。
三单形式 There is(单数)/ There are(复数) have(非三单)/ has(三单 he/she/it)
Part 1 · There be 句型
There be vs have/has:左右对比
易错点:二者不能同时使用
错误:There has a park in our community. / There have many books.
正确:There is a park in our community. / There are many books.
记忆口诀:There不和have/has同时出现,有There就用be动词
1.7.2013
这页用表格清晰对比There be和have/has的区别。There be表示存在,没有所属关系;have/has表示拥有,有所属关系。最关键的易错点是二者不能同时出现在一个句子里,看到There就必须用be动词,不能用have/has。
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Part 1 · There be 句型
就近原则:be动词听谁的?
当There be后面有两个或多个主语时,
be动词的形式由离它最近的那个主语决定。
记忆口诀:就近原则,谁近听谁的!单数近用is,复数近用are。
There are two books and a pen on the desk.
桌子上有两本书和一支钢笔。
离be最近的是two books(复数)→ 用 are
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。
离be最近的是a pen(单数)→ 用 is
1.7.2013
就近原则:当There be后面有两个或多个主语时,be动词由离它最近的主语决定。a pen and two books用is(a pen近),two books and a pen用are(two books近)。
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Part 1 · There be 句型
对There be句型提问:三种问法
问数量(可数)
How many + 复数名词
+ are there + 地点?
— How many parks are there in your community?
— There are three. 有三个。
问数量(不可数)
How much + 不可数名词
+ is there + 地点?
— How much water is there in the bottle?
— There is some. 有一些。
问是否存在
Is/Are there + 名词
+ 地点?(一般疑问句)
— Is there a gym in your school?
— Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
How many 后接可数名词复数,be动词用are;
How much 后接不可数名词,be动词用is。
问"有没有"直接把be动词提前,就是一般疑问句形式。
易错点提醒
错误:How much parks are there?(parks是可数名词复数,应用How many)
正确:How many parks are there? / How much water is there?
1.7.2013
对There be句型提问有三种方式:问可数名词的数量用How many,问不可数名词的量用How much,问是否存在直接用一般疑问句Is/Are there。最常见的错误是混淆How many和How much,记住many接可数复数,much接不可数。
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Part 3 · 练习巩固
练习一:There be句型 单项选择
1
There ______ a nice park over there.
A. is B. are C. have
2
There ______ many old things and photos in the museum.
A. is B. are C. has
3
— ______ there a library in your community? — Yes, there is.
A. Are B. Is C. Do
4
There ______ a pen and two books on the desk.(就近原则)
A. is B. are C. have
5
— How many parks ______ there in your city? — There are three.
A. is B. are C. have
提示:
单数→is
复数→are
疑问句be提前
就近原则看最近名词
How many后用are
1.7.2013
这是There be句型的5道单项选择题,每道题都用彩色文本框呈现,选项用绿橙红三色区分。第1题考单数用is,第2题考复数用are,第3题考一般疑问句,第4题考就近原则,第5题考How many后用are。答案在最后一页。
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Part 2 · 一般现在时
定义与核心用法:什么是一般现在时?
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作、习惯性的行为或客观事实。
就像每天重复的日常一样!
1
习惯动作
2
现在状态
3
客观真理
例句:I go to school every day.(我每天上学。)
She likes reading books.(她喜欢读书。)
The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
关键点:一般现在时中,第三人称单数主语后动词要加-s/-es!
1.7.2013
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作、习惯性行为或客观事实。三大用法:习惯动作、现在状态、客观真理。关键:第三人称单数主语后动词要变形。
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Part 2 · 一般现在时
标志词:频度副词阶梯
频度副词表示动作发生的频率,从高到低排列:
always 总是(100%)
usually 通常(80%)
often 经常(60%)
sometimes 有时(40%)
never 从不(0%)
其他标志词:every day, on Sundays, in the morning, usually, often, always
1.7.2013
频度副词是一般现在时的重要标志。从高到低:always(100%) > usually(80%) > often(60%) > sometimes(40%) > never(0%)。其他标志词还有every day, on Sundays等。
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Part 2 · 一般现在时
核心句型结构:非三单 vs 三单
一般现在时肯定句
非第三人称单数
主语:I / we / you / they / 复数名词
主语 + often + 动词原形 + 其他
I often do sports there. 我经常在那里做运动。
We often play in the park. 我们经常在公园玩。
My grandparents often take a walk in the park.
(grandparents是复数,动词用原形take)
Tom and his friends sometimes play football.
(两个人以上是复数,动词用原形play)
第三人称单数
主语:he / she / it / 单数人名
主语 + often + 动词三单形式 + 其他
He often plays football there.
他经常在那里踢球。
She often reads books in the library.
她经常在图书馆看书。
My mother usually goes to work by bus.
(mother是单数,动词变三单goes)
My sister often reads books on Sundays.
(sister是单数,动词变三单reads)
1.7.2013
一般现在时的核心句型分两类:非三单主语(I/we/you/they/复数)动词用原形;三单主语(he/she/it/单数人名)动词要变三单形式。判断主语是关键:一个人用三单,两个人以上或I/you用原形。
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Part 2 · 一般现在时
频度副词的位置:often放哪里?
"often"(经常)属于频度副词。在肯定句中,它通常放在实义动词的前面,be动词的后面。
规则一:实义动词前
I often walk to school.
walk是实义动词,often放在它的前面
规则二:be动词后
He is often late.
is是be动词,often放在它的后面
位置口诀:be动词后,实义动词前。
句子中有be动词(am/is/are)→ often放be动词后面;句子中是普通动词(如walk, play, read)→ often放动词前面。
易错点对比
错误:I walk often to school. / He often is late. 正确:I often walk to school. / He is often late.
1.7.2013
频度副词often的位置是重点:放在实义动词前面,be动词后面。记住口诀"be后实前"。最常见的错误是把often放在实义动词后面,或者放在be动词前面。做题时先找句子中的动词类型,再确定often的位置。
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Part 2 · 一般现在时
动词三单变形规律
主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it)时,动词要变形!
规则1:直接加-s
play → plays, read → reads
like → likes, run → runs
规则2:以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es
go→ goes, do→ does
watch → watches, wash → washes
规则3:辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es
study →studies, fly → flies
carry → carries
不规则变化(特殊记忆)
have → has, be → is
(这两个必须单独记!)
例句:
He plays football every day. / She goes to school by bus.
Tom studies hard. / My sister has a cute cat.
记忆口诀:
三单动词加-s,s/x/ch/sh/o加-es;
辅音+y变i加-es,have→has要牢记!
1.7.2013
动词三单变形四大规则:1.直接加-s;2.以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es;3.辅音+y结尾变y为i加-es;4.不规则变化have→has, be→is。
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Part 2 · 一般现在时
其他使用场景:不止是习惯动作
科
客观真理/科学事实
The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。
Water boils at 100 degrees.
水在100摄氏度沸腾。
状
现在的状态/特征/能力
I am a student.
我是一名学生。
She speaks English very well.
她英语讲得很好。
时
时刻表/节目单
The train leaves at 6:00 pm.
火车下午6点发车。
The film starts at 7:30.
电影7点半开始。
小结:一般现在时不止表示习惯动作,还可以表示客观真理、现在的状态特征能力、以及按时刻表即将发生的动作。这些场景下,三单主语的动词仍然要变三单形式。
Try to do!
boils
rises
Water ________ at 100 degrees Celsius.
The sun _____ in the east. It is a scientific fact.
(客观真理,water是不可数名词视作三单,boil变boils)
(科学事实,sun是三单,rise变rises)
1.7.2013
一般现在时除了表示习惯动作,还有三个重要使用场景:客观真理和科学事实(如太阳从东方升起)、现在的状态特征能力(如我是学生、她英语好)、时刻表和节目单(如火车6点发车)。这些场景下三单主语动词仍然要变三单。
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Part 3 · 练习巩固
一般现在时 适当形式填空
1
2
3
4
5
My mother usually ________ (go) to work by bus every morning.
提示:mother是三单,go→?
I often ________ (read) stories in the library at the weekend.
提示:I是非三单,用动词?
Tom and his friends sometimes ________ (play) football in the park.
提示:Tom and friends是复数,用动词?
She ______ (have) a nice park near her home.
提示:she是三单,have→?(不规则变化)
Water ______ (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius.
提示:water不可数视作三单,客观真理用一般现在时
goes
read
play
has
boils
1.7.2013
这是一般现在时的5道适当形式填空题,每道题用彩色文本框呈现,填空处用彩色加粗标注,并附有提示。第1题mother三单go变goes;第2题I非三单用原形read;第3题复数用原形play;第4题she三单have变has;第5题water三单boil变boils。答案在最后一页。
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1
He often ______ sports on the playground after school.
A. do B. does C. doing
2
My grandparents usually ____ a walk in the park in the evening.
A. take B. takes C. taking
3
The sun ______ in the east. It is a scientific fact.
A. rise B. rises C. rising
4
She often ____ to school on foot, but today she takes a bus.
A. go B. goes C. going
5
— My sister often ______ books on Sundays.
A. read B. reads C. reading
考点:
三单变形:
do→does
go→goes
read→reads
复数用原形
客观真理三单
Part 3 · 练习巩固
一般现在时 适当形式填空
B
A
B
B
B
1.7.2013
这是一般现在时的5道单项选择题,每道题用彩色文本框呈现,选项用绿橙红三色区分。第1题he三单do变does;第2题grandparents复数用原形take;第3题sun三单客观真理用rises;第4题she三单go变goes;第5题sister三单read变reads。答案在最后一页。
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人教PEP版 · 四年级上册(新教材)
Thank you!
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