Unit 4 Body Language词性转换，核心单词，语法，短语，知识点复习题-2026-2027学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 4 Body Language 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 拓展单词 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响 2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类 3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的 4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用 5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异 6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的 7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地 8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖 9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定 11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 12．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用 13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业 14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的 15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬 17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 一、语法填空 1．Nut carving has different styles, (vary) significantly from northern to southern regions. 【答案】varying 【详解】句意：核雕风格多样，南北差异显著。设空处是非谓语形式作状语，vary与styles为逻辑上的主动关系（风格不同），应用现在分词形式varying。 2．We should make a correct (assess) of historical figures. 【答案】assessment 【详解】句意：我们应该对历史人物做出正确的评价。作动词的宾语用名词assessment，不定冠词提示用单数。 3．Nowadays, scientists are working on (improve) health care robots. 【答案】improving 【详解】句意：如今，科学家们正致力于改进医疗护理机器人。固定搭配work on doing sth.表示 “致力于做某事”，介词on后面接动名词作宾语。 4．Some people think it’s wrong to spend money on (explore) space. 【答案】exploring 【详解】句意：有些人认为把钱花在探索太空上是错误的。空前有介词on，且空后有名词space，因此空处应用动名词exploring，作介词on的宾语，同时与空后的space构成动宾关系。 5．Addicted to (study) the new recipe, he didn’t notice the night approaching. 【答案】studying 【详解】句意：专注钻研新菜谱入了迷，他没注意到夜色渐浓。根据空格前的介词to可知，空格处应该用动名词studying作宾语。 6．After (exchange) the usual pleasantries, they got down to serious discussion. 【答案】exchanging 【详解】句意：在寒暄一番之后，他们开始了严肃的讨论。根据空前的介词After可知，此处应用动名词作宾语；exchange的动名词形式为exchanging。 7．John is very (rely) — if he promises to do something he will do it. 【答案】reliable 【详解】句意：约翰十分可靠，只要他答应的事，就一定会做到。空格前为系动词is和副词very，此处需要填入所给动词rely的形容词形式作表语，结合破折号后“只要约翰承诺了就会做到”的语境，此处表达“可靠的”含义，对应的形容词为reliable。 8．The (embarrass) look on his face demonstrated that he still can’t adjust to the new environment. 【答案】embarrassed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他脸上尴尬的表情表明他还不能适应新环境。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词look，look是人的表情，用ed结尾的形容词embarrassed修饰，意为“尴尬的”。故填embarrassed。 9．Some patients in hospital experience high levels of (anxious). 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：一些住院病人承受着高度的焦虑。of后接不可数名词anxiety作宾语。故填anxiety。 10．The tradition of (hang) lanterns during the festival has been passed down through generations. 【答案】hanging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在元宵节挂灯笼的传统已经代代相传。作介词of的宾语，应用hang的动名词形式。故填hanging。 11．We strongly oppose (cut) down these ancient trees for urban development. 【答案】cutting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们强烈反对应城市发展而砍掉这些古树。oppose doing sth.“反对做某事”是固定搭配，因此cut用动名词形式作宾语。故填cutting。 12．We look forward to (add) you to our long list of satisfied customers. 【答案】adding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们期待能将您列入我们众多的满意客户名单之中。look forward to“期待”，固定短语，to是介词，后面用动名词作宾语。故填adding。 13．The company decided to stop (provide) free food for poor people in that area. 【答案】providing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：该公司决定停止为那个地区的穷人提供免费食物。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事” ，动名词作宾语。故填providing。 14．The18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe (ultimate) consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. 【答案】ultimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：18世纪的哲学家康德认为，宇宙归根结底是由不可知的“自在之物”构成的。修饰动词“consists (构成)”应用ultimate的副词形式ultimately作状语，意为“归根结底，最终”。故填ultimately。 15．Global warming has (pose) a serious threat to the survival of animals such as polar bears. 【答案】posed 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：全球变暖已经对北极熊等动物的生存构成了严重威胁。pose(造成，引起)是谓语动词，与主语Global warming之间是主动关系，结合句意，全球变暖对动物生存构成威胁这一情况从过去一直持续到现在，且可能还会继续下去，应用现在完成时态，所以用过去分词形式posed与助动词has构成现在完成时态has posed。故填posed。 16． (witness) to the crash say they saw an explosion just before the disaster. 【答案】Witnesses 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：坠机的目击者说，他们在灾难发生前看到了一次爆炸。空处作主句的主语，结合“say”或“they”可知，可数名词witness“目击者”应用复数形式，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Witnesses。 17．He was (bare) able to drag his poisoned leg behind him. 【答案】barely 【详解】考查副词。句意：他几乎无法拖着那条中毒的腿前行。空处修饰形容词able，应用bare的副词形式barely，意为“几乎不，几乎没有”，作状语。故填barely。 18．This is ridiculous and I have no doubt that it will be (clarify) soon. 【答案】clarified 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这是荒谬的，我毫不怀疑它很快就会得到澄清。空处和will be构成谓语，结合“This is ridiculous”可知，clarify“澄清”和主语it之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填clarified。 19．Once most wires are (bend) out of shape, they don’t return to the original position. 【答案】bent 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：大多数电线一旦被弯曲变形，就不能恢复到原来的状态。空处和are构成句子的谓语，bend“使弯曲”和主语most wires之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填bent。 20．I feel quite (shame) that I have not fulfilled the task. 【答案】ashamed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我感到非常惭愧，因为我没有完成这项任务。空处作表语，修饰人用形容词ashamed。故填ashamed。 二、单词拼写 21．There were different stands where artists could ________ (示范，演示) their skills and teach the visitors. 【答案】 demonstrate 【详解】句意：有不同的展台，艺术家们可以在那里示范他们的技能，并教导参观者。根据汉语提示“示范，演示”可知，用动词demonstrate。情态动词could后使用动词原形。 22．The book was written in a style _____________(适当的) to the age of the children. 【答案】appropriate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这本书是以适合儿童年龄的风格写的。分析句子可知，本空在句中作定语，适当的，要用appropriate。 23．Although cultures have many of the same social backgrounds, they may ________ (使用) different rules. 【答案】employ 【详解】句意：尽管文化有许多相同的社会背景，但它们可能使用不同的规则。情态动词may后接动词原形，“使用”对应动词employ。 24．The condition prevents the blood from _________ (循环) freely. 【答案】circulating 【详解】句意：这种病症阻碍血液自由循环。根据中文提示“循环”以及固定短语“prevent... from doing sth.”可知，此空是circulating，作宾语。 25．The job seekers who are good at ________ (操作) computers are preferred. 【答案】operating 【详解】句意：擅长操作电脑的求职者更受青睐。“操作”是operate，由be good at可知，at为介词，后接动名词，空格处用operating。 26．It was funny that the kids spent more time_______ (争吵)over the rules than they did playing the game. 【答案】arguing 【详解】句意：有趣的是，孩子们花在争论规则上的时间比他们玩游戏的时间要多。“花费时间做某事”是spend time (in) doing sth.。 27．We have spent millions of pounds ________(做广告) this type of cat food in our store. 【答案】advertising 【详解】句意：我们已经花费了数百万英镑，在我们门店为这款猫粮做广告。表示“做广告”用动词advertise。“spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth.”，表示“花费时间/金钱做某事”，介词in可以省略，因此空处需要填入动词的动名词形式advertising。 28．Her hand was _________ (轻微地) shaky, but she wrote those words on the envelope. 【答案】slightly 【详解】句意：她的手轻微地颤抖，但她还是在信封上写下了那些话。‌“轻微地”修饰形容词shaky，用副词slightly作状语。 29．The environmental protection department requires the factory to clean the gas before _________ (排放) it into the environment. 【答案】releasing 【详解】句意：环保部门要求工厂在将气体排放到环境中之前进行净化处理。表示“排放”使用动词release，位于介词before之后，应用动名词，作宾语。 30．Many poets express their love for Yangzhou by ________ (赞赏) its beauty in their works. 【答案】praising 【详解】句意：许多诗人通过在他们的作品中赞赏扬州的美丽来表达他们对扬州的热爱。“赞赏”应用动词praise，且空处作by的宾语，因此需用praise的动名词形式。 三、完成句子 31．他很节俭，换句话说，他很少花钱买奢侈品。 He’s frugal; __________ other words, he rarely spends money on luxuries. 【答案】in 【详解】考查固定短语、介词。句意：他很节俭；换句话说，他很少花钱买奢侈品。根据句子结构及句意可知，此处需填入介词构成固定短语 in other words，该短语意为“换句话说”，符合语境。故填in。 32．You need to submit the application form online first. ________ ________ ________, you can’t get the interview opportunity without this step. 你需要先在线提交申请表。换句话说，不完成这一步你就无法获得面试机会。 【答案】 In other words 【详解】考查介词短语。此处表示“换句话说”，应用介词短语in other words，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填In other words。 33．他指责美国政府依赖一成不变的政策。 He accused the US government of _______________ paint-by-numbers policies. 【答案】relying on 【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“依赖”，使用动词短语rely on，用动名词形式作介词of的宾语，故填relying on。 34．在那个时代，公民被禁止出国旅游。 At that time, citizens ________  _________  ________  _________ abroad. 【答案】 were prohibited/banned from travelling/traveling 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“被禁止……”短语为be prohibited/banned from doing sth.，根据上文At that time可知为一般过去时，主语为citizens，谓语用复数；表示“旅游”应用动名词travelling/traveling ，作宾语。故填①were；②prohibited/banned；③from；④travelling/traveling。 35．在旧社会，人们很难摆脱旧形式和旧框框。 In the old days, people had difficulties ________ ________ ________old forms and rules. 【答案】 getting rid of 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文提示，应填get rid of，分析句子可知，此处为have difficulties doing sth，用动名词形式作宾语，故填getting rid of。 36．阻止他昨天参加会议的是他妈妈那时生病了。 What ______ him ________ ______ the meeting yesterday is that his mother was ill then. 【答案】 prevented from attending 【详解】考查动词短语和动词。“阻止某人做某事”使用动词短语prevent sb from doing sth，“参加”使用动词attend，结合时间状语yesterday可知此处使用一般过去时，故填①prevented②from③attending。 37．汤姆邀请杰克和彼得和他一起去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。 Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but ________________, because they have work to do. 【答案】neither of them want to/neither of them wants to 【详解】考查动词短语和代词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“他们两个都不想去”，可用neither of和them搭配，表示“他们两个都不”，作主语，“想去”可用动词短语want to表示，为避免重复，省略了动词短语go on a picnic with him。结合“asks”可知，时态为一般现在时，且neither of后接复数意义的代词时，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以是复数。故填neither of them want(s) to。 38．我几乎崩溃了，因为我不知道如何适应高中的新环境。 I have almost ________________, as I don’t know how to ________________. 【答案】 broken down adjust (myself) to the new surroundings in senior high school 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。分析句子可知，表示“崩溃”应用break down，为动词短语，且这里应用过去分词形式，与前面have构成现在完成时；表示“适应高中的新环境”应用adjust (myself) to the new surroundings in senior high school，其中adjust (oneself) to表“适应”，为固定搭配，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式，in senior high school在本句中作定语，修饰前面名词surroundings。故填①broken down；②adjust (myself) to the new surroundings in senior high school。 39．如果你想消除误会，你应该当面向她道歉。 ________________, you should apologise to her face to face. 【答案】If you want to break down the misunderstanding 【详解】考查动词、名词和条件状语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般现在时。表示“如果你想消除误会”应用if you want to break down the misunderstanding为时间状语从句，其中break down表“消除”，为固定搭配；misunderstanding表“误解”，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填If you want to break down the misunderstanding。 40．你在比赛中的成功是你努力工作的见证。 Your success in the competition is ________________. 【答案】witness to your hard work 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“你努力工作的见证”，“……的见证”是witness to，其中witness是不可数名词，“你”和“努力工作”之间是所属关系，“你”用your表所属，“努力工作”用名词短语hard work，因此空格处是witness to your hard work。故填witness to your hard work。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Body Language 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 拓展单词 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→ vi.相互交流；相互影响 2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→ adj.不同的；各种各样的 → n．多样性；变化；种类 3． approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→ n．赞成；同意；批准 → adj.赞许的；赞成的 4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→ n．雇员；受雇者→ n．雇主；雇用者→ n．雇用；聘用 5．differ vi.相异；不同于→ adj.不同的；有差异的→ n．差别；差异 6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→ adj.赞成的；有利的 7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→ adj.生气的；愤怒的 → adv.生气地；愤怒地 8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→ vi.依赖；信赖 9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→ adv.略微；稍微 10．assess vt.评估；评价→ n．评价；评定 11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→ vt.教育→ adj.受过教育的；有教养的→ n．教育 12．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→ n．反应；作用 13．occupy vt.占据；占用→ adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的 → n．占领；职业 14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→ adj.卓越的；杰出的 15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→ adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→ adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的 → vt.使窘迫；使尴尬 17． ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→ n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事 → adj.可耻的→ adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 18． adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→ adj.可调整的；可调节的 → n．调整；调节；适应 一、语法填空 1．Nut carving has different styles, (vary) significantly from northern to southern regions. 2．We should make a correct (assess) of historical figures. 3．Nowadays, scientists are working on (improve) health care robots. 4．Some people think it’s wrong to spend money on (explore) space. 5．Addicted to (study) the new recipe, he didn’t notice the night approaching. 6．After (exchange) the usual pleasantries, they got down to serious discussion. 7．John is very (rely) — if he promises to do something he will do it. 8．The (embarrass) look on his face demonstrated that he still can’t adjust to the new environment. 9．Some patients in hospital experience high levels of (anxious). 10．The tradition of (hang) lanterns during the festival has been passed down through generations. 11．We strongly oppose (cut) down these ancient trees for urban development. 12．We look forward to (add) you to our long list of satisfied customers. 13．The company decided to stop (provide) free food for poor people in that area. 14．The18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe (ultimate) consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. 15．Global warming has (pose) a serious threat to the survival of animals such as polar bears. 16． (witness) to the crash say they saw an explosion just before the disaster. 17．He was (bare) able to drag his poisoned leg behind him. 18．This is ridiculous and I have no doubt that it will be (clarify) soon. 19．Once most wires are (bend) out of shape, they don’t return to the original position. 20．I feel quite (shame) that I have not fulfilled the task. 二、单词拼写 21．There were different stands where artists could ________ (示范，演示) their skills and teach the visitors. 22．The book was written in a style _____________(适当的) to the age of the children. 23．Although cultures have many of the same social backgrounds, they may ________ (使用) different rules. 24．The condition prevents the blood from _________ (循环) freely. 25．The job seekers who are good at ________ (操作) computers are preferred. 26．It was funny that the kids spent more time_______ (争吵)over the rules than they did playing the game. 27．We have spent millions of pounds ________(做广告) this type of cat food in our store. 28．Her hand was _________ (轻微地) shaky, but she wrote those words on the envelope. 29．The environmental protection department requires the factory to clean the gas before _________ (排放) it into the environment. 30．Many poets express their love for Yangzhou by ________ (赞赏) its beauty in their works. 三、完成句子 31．他很节俭，换句话说，他很少花钱买奢侈品。 He’s frugal; __________ other words, he rarely spends money on luxuries. 32．You need to submit the application form online first. ________ ________ ________, you can’t get the interview opportunity without this step. 你需要先在线提交申请表。换句话说，不完成这一步你就无法获得面试机会。 33．他指责美国政府依赖一成不变的政策。 He accused the US government of _______________ paint-by-numbers policies. 34．在那个时代，公民被禁止出国旅游。 At that time, citizens ________  _________  ________  _________ abroad. 35．在旧社会，人们很难摆脱旧形式和旧框框。 In the old days, people had difficulties ________ ________ ________old forms and rules. 36．阻止他昨天参加会议的是他妈妈那时生病了。 What ______ him ________ ______ the meeting yesterday is that his mother was ill then. 37．汤姆邀请杰克和彼得和他一起去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。 Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but ________________, because they have work to do. 38．我几乎崩溃了，因为我不知道如何适应高中的新环境。 I have almost ________________, as I don’t know how to ________________. 39．如果你想消除误会，你应该当面向她道歉。 ________________, you should apologise to her face to face. 40．你在比赛中的成功是你努力工作的见证。 Your success in the competition is ________________. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $