Unit 3 Faster,higher,stronger 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习-2026-2027学年高二英语外研版选择性必修第一册

Unit 3 Faster,higher,stronger 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1．shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→shine v．闪光 2．association n．协会，社团→associate vt.联系 3．muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→mud n．泥 4．shot n．投球，射球，击球→shoot v．射击，射中 5．sharpen vt.使提高，使改进→sharp adj.尖的，锋利的 6．expectation n．预料，预期→expect v．预料，期待 7．remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的→remark v．谈论 8．vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→vividly adv.生动地 9．assign v．分配，分派→assignment n．分配的任务 10．steely adj.钢铁般的；坚定的→steel n．钢铁 11．cooperation n．合作，协作→cooperate v．合作，协作 12．intense adj.紧张的，激烈的→intensity n．紧张 一、单句语法填空 1．Athletes should make adequate (prepare), both physical and psychological, before entering a big race. 【答案】preparation (s) 【详解】句意：运动员在参加大赛之前，要做好充分的身心准备。make preparation (s) 做准备。preparation (s)作宾语。 2．The task (assign), dangerous or otherwise, must be finished as scheduled. 【答案】assigned 【详解】句意：被分配的任务，无论危险与否，都必须按期完成。此处修饰名词task，task与assign是被动关系，使用过去分词assigned作后置定语。 3．Our team (defeat) the strong rival and won the final game last week. 【答案】defeated 【详解】句意：上周我们队伍击败了强劲对手，赢下了决赛。根据时间状语last week可知，句子描述的是过去的事实，用一般过去时，defeat的过去式为defeated。 4．In the final game, he beat all his strong (opponent) and won the national tournament championship. 【答案】opponents 【详解】句意：在决赛中，他击败了所有强大的对手，赢得了全国锦标赛冠军。opponent“对手”为可数名词，前面有all his strong修饰，表示“所有强大的对手”，需用复数形式opponents。 5．The police listened (intense) to every word the witness said, trying to catch any potential clues. 【答案】intensely 【详解】句意：警方认真听取目击者说的每一句话，试图找到任何潜在的线索。本空修饰动词listened,故应用副词intensely作状语。 6．There was a general (expect) among the local residents that Mr White could win the election. 【答案】expectation 【详解】句意：当地居民普遍期望怀特先生能在选举中获胜。根据空格前的冠词a和形容词general可知，本空应用名词expectation表示“希望；期望”作主语。 7． (develop) good habits is important for young children’s growth. 【答案】Developing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：养成良好的习惯对幼儿的成长很重要。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，表示”抽象的，习惯性的行为”需用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Developing。 8．The (remark) development of this city means there is always something new to discover here. 【答案】remarkable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这座城市的显著发展意味着这里总有新的事物等待人们去发现。设空处使用remark的形容词remarkable作定语，修饰名词development。故填remarkable。 9．The athlete showed (steel) determination to win the championship, even after suffering an injury. 【答案】steely 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位运动员即使在受伤后，仍展现出赢得冠军的坚定决心。空处修饰名词determination，提示词的形容词steely“坚定的、钢铁般的”符合题意。故填steely。 10． (cheat) in the exam should not be allowed. 【答案】Cheating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：考试作弊是不被允许的。空处需作主语，此处“cheat”作主语，表示“作弊”这一行为，是一种普遍的规则、态度，需用动名词形式，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Cheating。 11．It is suggested that you should practice more on daily basis to (sharp) your badminton skills. 【答案】sharpen 【详解】考查动词。句意：建议你每天多练习，提高你的羽毛球技能。根据“to + 动词原形” 构成不定式表目的的用法可知，此空应是动词原形。所给词sharp是形容词，意为“锋利的；敏锐的”。其动词形式为sharpen，意为“提高；使敏锐”。“多练习”的目的是“提高羽毛球技能”，to sharpen your badminton skills在句中作目的状语。故填sharpen。 12．Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies, say, (assign) an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 【答案】assigning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：音频和视频可能比文本更有吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术——比如说，安排一个在线讲座而不是同一个人的一篇文章。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语动词，university teachers与assign为主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语，表伴随说明。故填assigning。 13．Out of my (expect), I made great achievements soon. 【答案】expectation 【详解】考查名词。句意：出乎我的意料，我很快就取得了巨大的成就。提示词作介词后宾语，用名词expectation，意为“期待，预期”，不可数名词；out of my expectation“出乎我的意料”。故填expectation。 14． (surround)by green mountains makes it a famous tourist attraction. 【答案】Being surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被青山环绕使它成为一个著名的旅游景点。surround意为“环绕；包围”，分析句子结构，makes是谓语，it是宾语，所以此处需用动名词短语作主语，表示“被青山环绕”这一情况。由于“被环绕”，要用被动形式be surrounded，其动名词形式为Being surrounded，首字母大写。故填Being surrounded。 15．The senior player made full use of his rich experience (defeat) another competitor. 【答案】to defeat 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这位资深选手充分利用他丰富的经验去击败另一位竞争者。分析句子结构和句意可知，句中“made full use of his rich experience”的目的是 “击败另一位竞争者”，应用动词不定式to defeat作目的状语。故填to defeat。 16．It is acknowledged that swimming (be) a good sport in summer. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态。句意：人们公认游泳是夏季的一项很好的运动。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为swimming，谓语用单数。故填is。 17．If you take this (assign), take it seriously and read the instructions. 【答案】assignment 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你接受了这个任务，请认真对待并阅读说明。此处为名词作宾语，assign的名词为assignment意为“任务”，空前有this修饰限制，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填assignment。 18．The most unlikely pairs will (intense) support each other. 【答案】intensely 【详解】考查副词。句意：最不可能的一对会强烈地支持对方。此处为副词作状语修饰动词support，intense的副词为intensely意为“强烈地”符合句意。故填intensely。 19．Not (arrive) on time can be a form of avoidance. 【答案】arriving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：没有按时到达可能是一种逃避。此处为动名词的否定形式作主语，结合句意，此处表示主动意义。故填arriving。 20． (combine) pleasure with education is a crucial way to improve our teaching efficiency. 【答案】Combining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：娱乐与教育的结合是提高教学效率的重要途径。空格处作主语，表达抽象概念或一般性行为，应该用动名词形式作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Combining。 二、单词拼写 21．The book gives a ________ (生动的) description of the author’s journey through Africa. 【答案】vivid 【详解】句意：这本书对作者穿越非洲的旅程进行了生动的描述。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词description，“生动的”是形容词vivid。 22．After eight years of fighting, the Chinese people finally ________ (打败) the Japanese enemies. 【答案】defeated 【详解】句意：经过八年斗争，中国人民最终打败了日本侵略者。“打败”为动词defeat，在句中作谓语动词，结合句意可知此句陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，填动词过去式defeated。 23．To build a supportive learning environment, maintaining a positive ________ (联系) with classmates is just as important as focusing on academic performance. 【答案】association 【详解】句意：为了建立一个支持性的学习环境，与同学保持积极的联系与关注学业成绩一样重要。根据汉语提示“联系”可知，用名词association，作动词maintaining的宾语。 24．I’m delighted to have a(n) _____ (队友) like Gerrard as I can count on him supplying me with perfect passes. 【答案】teammate 【详解】句意：我很高兴有像Gerrard的队友，我可以依靠他给我提供完美的传球。根据汉语意思以及不定冠词可知用teammate。 25．We should learn from excellent people and ________ (遵循) their good examples. 【答案】follow 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们应该向优秀的人学习，效仿他们的好榜样。根据汉语提示“遵循”可知，空处应填动词follow，should后跟动词原形。故填follow。 26．Flour, eggs, and sugar are the basic ________ (材料) you need to make a simple cake. 【答案】ingredients 【详解】考查名词。句意：面粉、鸡蛋和糖是制作简易蛋糕所需的基本材料。空格前有形容词basic修饰，且主语是三种食材，需填入可数名词复数形式；ingredient为可数名词“（尤指烹饪）原料”，符合语境。故填ingredients。 27．________ (代表) our school at the international event is an honor for me. 【答案】Representing 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：代表我们学校参加国际活动对我来说是一种荣幸。“代表”在这里是个动词，可以使用represent，分析句子结构，发现“代表”是主语，应该使用动名词形式。还要注意首字母大写。故答案是Representing。 28．The simple fact is that, for most people, ________ (冲浪) is too expensive. 【答案】surfing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：一个简单的事实是，对大多数人来说，冲浪太贵了。根据汉语提示 “冲浪”以及句子结构，此处应填“surfing”。“surfing”是“surf”（冲浪）的动名词形式，在句中作主语。因为句子的谓语动词是“is”，“for most people”是状语，所以这里需要一个动名词来充当句子的主语，表达“冲浪”这一行为。故填surfing。 29．The only access to that building is along that __________(泥泞的) track. 【答案】muddy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：到那幢大楼的唯一通道是沿着那条泥泞的小路。空处应为形容词，修饰名词“track”，作定语；muddy为形容词，表示“泥泞的”，符合句意。故填muddy。 30．________ (集中) our energy on English will enable you to master the language. 【答案】Concentrating 【详解】考查动词。句意：把精力集中在英语上将使你掌握这门语言。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要填入动词concentrate“集中”。空处需要动名词形式在句中作主语。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Concentrating。 三、完成句子 31．尽管条件极其困难，但我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。 ________________________________ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. 【答案】We must carry on till success 【详解】“必须”用情态动词must，“坚持下去”短语为carry on，用原形，“直到”用介词till，“成功”用名词success。 32．Our company has ______________ accompany you during your stay here. 公司派我在此期间陪同你。 【答案】assigned me to 【详解】表示“安排/指派某人做某事”用assign sb. to do sth.，根据has可知，本空用过去分词，与has构成现在完成时。表示“我”用me，作宾语。 33．不可否认，她是个效率很高的人。 ________________ that she is very efficient. 【答案】There is no denying 【详解】考查固定句型。空处表示“不可否认”用there is no denying，放在句首，首字母大写。故填There is no denying。 34．给他写信是没有用的，他从不回信。 It is no use________________, he never answers letters. 【答案】writing to him 【详解】考查固定句型。固定句型It is no use doing sth表示“做某事是没有用的”，其中It为形式主语，动名词doing为真正的主语；动词短语write to sb.表示“给某人写信”，故“给他写信是没有用的”可译为It is no use writing to him。故填writing to him。 35．___________________________________ will enable you to master the language. 集中精力学习英语将使你掌握这门语言。 【答案】Concentrating your energy on English 【详解】考查动词短语、名词和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“集中精力学习英语”，可理解为“集中精力于英语上”，“集中精力于……上”可用动词短语concentrate one’s energy on，结合“you”可知，one’s需变为your，“英语”应用名词English，空处作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作，concentrate应用动名词形式，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Concentrating your energy on English。 36．All the viewers were very excited and they ________. 所有的观众都很兴奋，在为他们加油。 【答案】were cheering for them 【详解】考查固定短语、时态。表示“为某人加油”用cheer for sb.，and后的句子描述过去正在进行的动作，时态用过去进行时，主语为they，be动词用were。表示“他们”用them，作were cheering for的宾语。故填were cheering for them。 37．He is the first student ________________. 他是第一个被重点大学录取的学生。 【答案】to be admitted into a key university 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。表示“被录取”短语为be admitted into，此处名词由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语；表示“重点大学”短语为a key university。故填to be admitted into a key university。 38．________________________________________ is the best approach to working things out. 勇于面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是解决事情的最好方法。 【答案】Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。表示“勇于面对你的问题”应用face up to your problems；表示“而不是”应用rather than；表示“逃避它们”应用run away from them；face up to your problems和run away from them为并列主语，需用动名词短语形式。故填Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them。 39．The complex matter is ______________________________. 这件复杂的事情对他来说解决起来太难了。 【答案】too difficult for him to solve 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“太……而不能……”应用固定句型too...to...；“对某人来说做某事是困难的”为be difficult for to do sth；表示“解决”应用solve。故填too difficult for him to solve。 40．The noise was __________________ I couldn’t sleep any more. 外面的噪声太大，以至于我再也睡不着觉了。 【答案】so loud outside that 【详解】考查结果状语从句和形容词、副词。空处表示“如此……以至于”用so…that…句型，引导结果状语从句，表示“大声的”用形容词loud，作表语，表示“在外面”用outside。故填so loud outside that。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Faster,higher,stronger 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 单词变形 1．shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→ v．闪光 2．association n．协会，社团→ vt.联系 3．muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→ n．泥 4．shot n．投球，射球，击球→ v．射击，射中 5．sharpen vt.使提高，使改进→ adj.尖的，锋利的 6．expectation n．预料，预期→ v．预料，期待 7．remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的→ v．谈论 8．vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→ adv.生动地 9．assign v．分配，分派→ n．分配的任务 10．steely adj.钢铁般的；坚定的→ n．钢铁 11．cooperation n．合作，协作→ v．合作，协作 12．intense adj.紧张的，激烈的→ n．紧张 一、单句语法填空 1．Athletes should make adequate (prepare), both physical and psychological, before entering a big race. 2．The task (assign), dangerous or otherwise, must be finished as scheduled. 3．Our team (defeat) the strong rival and won the final game last week. 4．In the final game, he beat all his strong (opponent) and won the national tournament championship. 5．The police listened (intense) to every word the witness said, trying to catch any potential clues. 6．There was a general (expect) among the local residents that Mr White could win the election. 7． (develop) good habits is important for young children’s growth. 8．The (remark) development of this city means there is always something new to discover here. 9．The athlete showed (steel) determination to win the championship, even after suffering an injury. 10． (cheat) in the exam should not be allowed. 11．It is suggested that you should practice more on daily basis to (sharp) your badminton skills. 12．Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies, say, (assign) an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 13．Out of my (expect), I made great achievements soon. 14． (surround)by green mountains makes it a famous tourist attraction. 15．The senior player made full use of his rich experience (defeat) another competitor. 16．It is acknowledged that swimming (be) a good sport in summer. 17．If you take this (assign), take it seriously and read the instructions. 18．The most unlikely pairs will (intense) support each other. 19．Not (arrive) on time can be a form of avoidance. 20． (combine) pleasure with education is a crucial way to improve our teaching efficiency. 二、单词拼写 21．The book gives a ________ (生动的) description of the author’s journey through Africa. 22．After eight years of fighting, the Chinese people finally ________ (打败) the Japanese enemies. 23．To build a supportive learning environment, maintaining a positive ________ (联系) with classmates is just as important as focusing on academic performance. 24．I’m delighted to have a(n) _____ (队友) like Gerrard as I can count on him supplying me with perfect passes. 25．We should learn from excellent people and ________ (遵循) their good examples. 26．Flour, eggs, and sugar are the basic ________ (材料) you need to make a simple cake. 27．________ (代表) our school at the international event is an honor for me. 28．The simple fact is that, for most people, ________ (冲浪) is too expensive. 29．The only access to that building is along that __________(泥泞的) track. 30．________ (集中) our energy on English will enable you to master the language. 三、完成句子 31．尽管条件极其困难，但我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。 ________________________________ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. 32．Our company has ______________ accompany you during your stay here. 公司派我在此期间陪同你。 33．不可否认，她是个效率很高的人。 ________________ that she is very efficient. 34．给他写信是没有用的，他从不回信。 It is no use________________, he never answers letters. 35．___________________________________ will enable you to master the language. 集中精力学习英语将使你掌握这门语言。 36．All the viewers were very excited and they ________. 所有的观众都很兴奋，在为他们加油。 37．He is the first student ________________. 他是第一个被重点大学录取的学生。 38．________________________________________ is the best approach to working things out. 勇于面对你的问题而不是逃避它们是解决事情的最好方法。 39．The complex matter is ______________________________. 这件复杂的事情对他来说解决起来太难了。 40．The noise was __________________ I couldn’t sleep any more. 外面的噪声太大，以至于我再也睡不着觉了。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $