UNIT 2 Part 3 LESSON 2 RULES OF THE GAME(同步精炼)（PPT同步课件）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册（北师大版）

Part 3　LESSON 2 RULES OF THE GAME 基础过关练 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.[2026河北秦皇岛期中]When a dog is especially anxious, it shows its teeth or may ________(咬). 2.The ball____________(反弹) off the ground and rolled to my feet. 3.[2023新课标Ⅱ]So I've put together some good _______(建议,窍门) for starting an art journey. 4.I was about to give up ____________(半途地) when my teacher came to encourage me to carry on. 　halfway     　tips     　bounced     　bite     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) stand up; in case; ought to; no more than; sign up; turn off 1.The airport was within walking distance, ________________ 500 meters to the west. 2.____________ lights when they're not needed. 3.We _____________ organize more social events to improve our students' ability to deal with all kinds of problems. 4.Keep your borrowed books where you can see them ____________ you forget to return them to the library. 5.[2024北京]Not all students who __________ will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 　sign up     　in case     　ought to     　Turn off     　no more than     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1.What upset me was that my ________________(apply) for the job was turned down. 解析　考查名词。句意:使我心烦的是我的工作申请被拒绝了。设空处作that引导的表语从句的主 语,前面有形容词性物主代词,此处应用名词形式,故填application,意为“申请”。 　application     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2.______________(amaze), the little boy solved the difficult problem in such a short time. 解析　考查副词。句意:令人惊奇的是,这个小男孩在如此短的时间内解决了这个难题。设空处应用 副词作状语,修饰整个句子,注意首字母大写。故填Amazingly。 　Amazingly     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.To my ___________________(disappoint), he declined to offer me some advice. 解析　考查名词。句意:令我失望的是,他拒绝给我一些建议。to one's disappointment意为“令某人 失望的是”。 　disappointment     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.They fought bravely _______ defence of freedom and the interests of the people. 解析　考查介词。句意:他们为捍卫自由和人民的利益而英勇战斗。in defence of 为固定短语,意为 “为保卫……”。 　in     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 5.My father quit ____________(read) the newspaper to make himself a cup of tea. 解析　考查动名词。句意:我父亲停止看报纸,给自己泡了一杯茶。quit doing sth.是固定搭配,意为 “停止做某事”,表示不再做原来正在做的事情,此处用动名词作宾语。故填reading。 　reading     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 6.Visitors ___________________(prohibit) from entering this area now for the sake of their safety. 解析　考查语态和主谓一致。句意:为了游客的安全,现在禁止他们进入这个区域。prohibit sb. from doing sth.意为“禁止某人做某事”,此处是其被动语态,且主语是名词复数,故填are prohibited。 　are prohibited     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 7.It __________________(announce) on the website yesterday that new speed restrictions would be introduced. 解析　考查固定句型。句意:据昨天网站上宣布,将有新的限速规定出台。It is/was announced that... 为固定句型,意为“据宣布……”。由句中的yesterday可知应用一般过去时,故填was announced。 　was announced     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 8.[2026广东茂名联考]Some experts believe that the students, once _____________(addict) to computer games, will probably lose opportunities of making progress. 解析　考查形容词。that引导宾语从句,其中主语是the students, “once...computer games”是once引 导的状语从句的省略形式,省略了主语和be动词,be addicted to表示“沉迷于”。故填addicted。句意: 一些专家认为,学生一旦沉迷于电脑游戏,很可能会失去取得进步的机会。 　addicted     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅳ.完成句子 1.这张照片总是使我想起我们一起度过的快乐的日子。(remind) This photo always__________ _______ __________ _______ _________ _________that we spent together. 2.整个上午他都在忙着写这个故事,偶尔停下来寻找合适的字眼。(occupy) He______ _______ ______ ______ /_______ _______ _______ _______ the story all morning, pausing occasionally to search for the right word.(读后续写—动作描写) 3.虽然还是个年轻人,但他已经做出了好几项发明了。(一句多译) ①_______________________ _______ _____ ______ ________ ________, he has made several inventions. ②_______________________ ______ _________ ________, he has made several inventions. 　man     　young     　a     　Although/Though/While     　man     　young     　a     　is     　he     　Although/Though/While     　occupied himself in writing     　was occupied in writing     　days     　happy     　the     　of/about     　me     　reminds     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 能力提升练 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A   [2026陕西省神木中学期中] 　　Many of us start exercising in the hope of losing unwanted pounds. Unquestionably, aiming to be more active is a good thing. But if the main reason is to lose weight, your decision could well come to nothing. 　　For starters, exercise is typically a poor strategy for weight loss that may disappoint them. Take walk- ing for example. A 150-pound person who walks 30 minutes will burn, on average, around 140 calories. That's equal to one can of soda—not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort. It's much easier just to skip the soda. 　　When exercise is added to a diet, the results are equally unimpressive. Researchers found that a combi- 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 nation of dieting and exercising produced no greater weight loss than dieting alone after six months. At 12 months, the diet-and-exercise combination showed an advance, but it was slight—about 4 pounds on aver- age. 　　In studies where exercise has produced meaningful weight loss, participants burned at least 400 to 500 calories per day, five or more days a week. To achieve that, a 150-pound person would need to walk a min- imum of 90 minutes or run 30 minutes per day. In short, these workouts need to go well beyond what most of us are willing or able to do. And even if we manage to make that much effort, our bodies often compen- sate(弥补) by increasing the desire for food and slowing down metabolism(新陈代谢), which over time lim- its how many pounds we lose. 　　When exercise fails to meet our weight-loss expectations, we often stop working out. Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity into punishment—a price we 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 have to pay for a slimmer body. How many times have you heard someone say “I'll need to do extra exer- cise” after eating too much? We treat exercise as a form of self-punishment for being “bad”. In this case, we're unlikely to keep doing it for very long. The conclusion is that we're more likely to treat exercise posi- tively and actually do it when we focus on our well-being rather than our weight. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读    本文是一篇说明文。以减肥为目的的锻炼往往效果不佳,文章建议将锻炼重心放在健康而 非体重上。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 1.What does the author think of exercise for weight loss? A.Strange.　B.Useless.　C.High-risk.　D.Popular. 1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But if the main reason is to lose weight, your decision could well come to nothing.”和第二段第一句中的“exercise is typically a poor strategy for weight loss that may disappoint them”可推测,作者认为为了减肥而锻炼是没用的。故选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2.What can we learn about the combination of dieting and exercising? A.It has impressive advance after a year. B.It's much more useful within six months. C.It shows little advantage after six months. D.It's much less effective than dieting alone. 2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“a combination of dieting and exercising produced no greater weight loss than dieting alone after six months”可知,六个月后,节食加运动相结合的减肥效果并不比 单纯节食更好,几乎没有优势。故选C。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.Why does the body's compensation mechanism affect weight loss? A.It takes people shorter time to burn more calories. B.It helps people to do more exercise to lose weight. C.It makes people pay more attention to their well-being. D.It increases people's hunger and slows down metabolism. 3.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“our bodies often compensate by increasing the desire for food and slowing down metabolism, which over time limits how many pounds we lose”可知,身体的 补偿机制常常会通过增加饥饿感和减缓新陈代谢影响减肥。故选D。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.What is the author's recommended approach to exercise? A.Use exercise as a warning.     B.Focus on health rather than weight. C.Avoid exercise when you're upset.     D.Combine proper exercise with diet. 4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“The conclusion is that we're more likely to treat exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-being rather than our weight.”可知,当我们关 注健康而非体重时,我们更有可能积极对待锻炼并坚持下去。故选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 【高频词汇】    1.strategy n.策略;战略    2.disappoint v.使失望    3.on average平均    4.combination n. 结合;联合    5.limit v.限制;限定 【熟词生义】    1.return熟义:v.返回　生义:n.回报 2.price 熟义:n.价格　生义:n.代价 【差距词汇】    1.unquestionably adv.毫无疑问地 2.come to nothing落空;失败 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 B   [2025黑龙江哈尔滨市第九中学校月考] 　　Adults who continuously played organized sports through their youth had fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression than those who never played or those who dropped out, a new study found. “And those who dropped out of sports had poorer mental health than those who never played at all. But many more people dropped out of youth sports than those who played continuously until they were 18,” said Chris Knoester, a professor of sociology at The Ohio State University. 　　“If you play and stick with sports, it's good for your mental health, but if you play and drop out, it seems to be negative—and most kids drop out,” Knoester said. The study showed that most people dropped out of sports because they weren't having fun or felt they weren't good enough. “That suggests ways youth 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 sports can be improved to help kids,” said study lead author Laura Upenieks. 　　“Our findings about why kids drop out of organized sports suggest that the current environment is less than ideal for everyone, and that the barriers to participation need to be given greater attention,” said Upe- nieks. 　　“It is easy to see why sports are good for those who are able to continue with it to adulthood,” said Upenieks. “The longer the youth are exposed to a positive and encouraging sporting environment, the more likely they are to develop habits that are good for long-term mental well-being, such as the commitment to regular exercise and collaborating with others as part of a team.” 　　The fact that so many kids quit shows that organized sports often don't provide a positive environment. But there are steps adults can take to improve that environment. 　　For one, sports should be safe for kids. The fact that 8% of kids said they were badly treated by coaches 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 is particularly alarming. “And the finding that nearly half of kids quit because they weren't having fun and about a third dropped out because they felt they weren't good enough should also be a wake-up call,” said Knoester. 　　“We need to improve youth sports so that they can provide positive experiences for everyone and be- come more enjoyable,” he said. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读    本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现,在青少年时期持续参加有组织的体育运动的成年 人比那些从未参加或退出体育运动的人更少出现焦虑和抑郁症状。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 5.What can we know about dropping out of sports? A.It has no impact on physical health. B.It's of benefit to mental health. C.It keeps players playing into adulthood. D.It is worse for mental health than never playing. 5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And those who dropped out of sports had poorer mental health than those who never played at all.”可知,比起从来不参加体育运动的人,退出体育运动的人的心理健 康状况更差。故选D项。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 6.What is one of the main reasons for kids dropping out of sports? A.They don't get joy from exercise.　B.They prefer individual activities. C.They are not physically fit enough.　D.They are not academically related. 6.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study showed that most people dropped out of sports be- cause they weren't having fun or felt they weren't good enough.”可知,孩子们退出体育运动的主要原 因之一是他们不能从运动中得到快乐。故选A项。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 7.What can adults do to prevent the youth quitting sports? A.They can reduce the number of coaches. B.They can supply a secure environment to kids. C.They can change the rules of sports. D.They can provide more training partners. 7.B　推理判断题。倒数第三段提到,如此多的孩子退出的事实表明,有组织的体育运动往往不能提 供积极的环境,但成年人可以采取一些措施来改善这种环境,由此可知,成年人可以通过为孩子们提供 一个安全的环境来防止青少年退出体育运动。故选B项。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 8.What would Upenieks agree with? A.The reason kids quit sports needn't be taken into consideration. B.The benefits and drawbacks of playing youth sports should be balanced. C.The youth sports have an impact on long-term mental health. D.Youth sports programs have both challenges and solutions. 8.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中Upenieks所说的话可知,青少年接触积极的、鼓舞人心的体育环境 的时间越长,他们就越有可能养成有利于长期心理健康的习惯,由此可知,Upenieks可能同意青少年体育 运动对长期心理健康有影响这一观点。故选C项。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 【高频词汇】    1.organized adj.有组织的    2.anxiety n.焦虑    3.depression n.抑郁    4.drop out 退出     5.stick with坚持    6.negative adj.有害的    7.current adj.当前的 8.ideal adj.理想的     9.be exposed to接触;暴露于 10.positive adj.积极的;有助益的 【差距词汇】    1.symptom n.症状    2.commitment n.投入;奉献    3.collaborate v.合作,协作 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅱ.七选五   [2024河南商丘期末] 　　Just 30 to 45 minutes of exercise three times a week can make you feel much healthier and in control of your own life. 1.______ Exercise also helps release endorphins, chemicals that trigger(引发,激发) positive feelings. Here are some great ways to exercise. 　　Take up running. Running helps release endorphins and can make you feel great after you do it. 2.__ ____ This will keep you motivated and make you feel more capable of meeting and tackling(应付) challenges. 3.______ Immersing yourself in water will make you feel stronger and will wash away any of your stressful thoughts. This is also a good activity if you have any joint or muscle pain. 　　Take a yoga class. Not only is yoga great for you physically, but it will help you learn to regulate (管 　B          　C 　G 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 理,调节) your breath and your mind's wanderings. 　　Join in a team sport, like bowling, volleyball and softball. 4.______ In other words, you get the benefits of socializing and exercising in one go. 5.______ You'll feel less stressed if you spend more time hiking in nature and being exposed to fresh air. A.Take up hiking. B.Swim a mile every other day. C.Try setting a goal for yourself, like running a 5 km or 10 km race. D.You'll be able to make new friends and work out at the same time. E.Stress can affect how you feel, think and behave and how your body functions. F.It is worth spending time learning different techniques for managing your stress. G.Exercise can relieve stress, reduce depression and improve your cognitive function. 　A     　D     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读    本文是一篇说明文。文章推荐了几种运动方式。 【高频词汇】    1.(be) in control of管理……;控制…… 2.motivated adj.有积极性的    3.stressful adj.有压力的 4.expose v.使接触    5.work out锻炼身体,做运动 【差距词汇】    1.immerse...in...使……浸没于…… 2.wanderings n.漫游     3.socialize v.(和他人)交往,交际 4.in one go一举,一下子 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 1.G　细节句。根据下文“Exercise also helps release endorphins, chemicals that trigger positive feel- ings.”中的“also”可知,设空处与下文是并列关系,也说明运动的好处。G项“运动可以缓解压力,减 少抑郁,提高你的认知功能”符合语境,G项中的“Exercise can”与下文中的“Exercise also”相照应。 故选G项。 2.C　细节句。根据上文“Take up running. Running helps release endorphins and can make you feel great after you do it.”可知,本段建议跑步。C项“试着为自己设定一个目标,比如跑五千米或十千米的 比赛”承接上文,提出设定具体的跑步目标,上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 3.B　主旨句。根据下文“Immersing yourself in water will make you feel stronger and will wash away any of your stressful thoughts. This is also a good activity if you have any joint or muscle pain.”可知,本段 应是建议游泳,所以B项“每隔一天游一英里”符合语境。故选B项。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.D　细节句。由上文“Join in a team sport, like bowling, volleyball and softball.”可知,本段推荐团 队运动,D项“You'll be able to make new friends and work out at the same time.”说明了团队运动的好 处:锻炼身体的同时还可以结交新朋友,上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 5.A　主旨句。根据下文“You'll feel less stressed if you spend more time hiking in nature and being exposed to fresh air.”可知,本段建议在大自然中徒步旅行,所以A项“进行徒步旅行”是本段主旨句。 故选A项。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $