精品解析：北京清华大学附属中学2026-2027学年高三第一学期9月统练三英语试卷

清华附中2026 — 2027学年高三年级统练试卷3 英 语 2026.09 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In 1984, Jules Dervaes Jr. created a self-sufficient urban farm. Initially growing food for his family, he later turned organic gardening into a business in 1989 by replacing front yard with crops. Neighbors thought he was crazy, but the business ____1____. The nonprofit Urban Homestead Institute was established in 2001 to provide food boxes for ____2____ families and welcome students to see how real food is grown — a program that started after Dervaes encouraged his daughter Ann to try a new thing called ____3____ in 2000. Dervaes thought they could write on the Internet about their simple life. As it turned out, teachers from Compton High School asked if they could bring students to ____4____ the farm and Ann has done outreach ever since. Dervaes died in 2016 from a pulmonary embolism (肺栓塞), but his four children kept building on his vision. They still work to provide ____5____ and flowers to more than 100 poverty-stricken families every week, with beds of spinach (菠菜), dandelions and sunflowers. Dervaes’ children aren’t getting rich, but they’re making ends meet, thanks to few ____6____ and the courage to experiment. The family installed a greywater system that keeps their water bill under $1.00 a year. They even recycled cooking oil to ____7____ their own truck. Reflecting on their lifestyle, the four children believed it wasn’t always ____8____. They became a vegetarian household when they were very young. The neighborhood kids laughed at them about what they were ____9____ — Nikes, hamburgers and sodas. But the youngest daughter, Jordanne, said, “It wasn’t like dad forced us to do so. Actually, he always encouraged us to question everything. Besides, we had duties. There was a sense of mission in growing all these plants, and the business was ours.” “We live a farming lifestyle in the city, so we look at things ____10____, and most city dwellers don’t always understand,” Ann said. “But this is our livelihood; this is our life.” 1. A. came along B. came apart C. took over D. took off 2. A. privileged B. needy C. helpful D. popular 3. A. editing B. camping C. blogging D. advertising 4. A. design B. clean C. expand D. tour 5. A. produce B. joy C. support D. comfort 6. A. lands B. trucks C. obstacles D. expenses 7. A. clean B. repair C. fuel D. load 8. A. fruitful B. wonderful C. disturbing D. tiring 9. A. missing B. suffering C. enjoying D. appreciating 10. A. differently B. positively C. unrealistically D. comprehensively 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. A 【解析】 【导语】Jules Dervaes Jr.在1984年创建了一个自给自足的城市农场，后来将有机园艺变成了生意。他的四个孩子继承了他的愿景，继续为贫困家庭提供食物，过着独特的城市农耕生活。 【1题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：邻居们认为他疯了，但生意却成功了。A. came along出现；B. came apart破碎；C. took over接管；D. took off腾飞，成功。根据上文“Neighbors thought he was crazy, but”的转折可知，生意最终“成功”了。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：非营利组织“城市家园研究所”成立于2001年，旨在为贫困家庭提供食物盒，并欢迎学生前来了解真正的食物是如何种植的——这个项目始于2000年，当时Dervaes鼓励他的女儿Ann尝试一种叫做博客的新事物。A. privileged有特权的；B. needy贫困的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据上文“provide food boxes for”以及下文“to more than 100 poverty-stricken families”可知，该组织是为“贫困的”家庭提供食物。 【3题详解】 考查名词。句意：非营利组织“城市家园研究所”成立于2001年，旨在为贫困家庭提供食物盒，并欢迎学生前来了解真正的食物是如何种植的——这个项目始于2000年，当时Dervaes鼓励他的女儿Ann尝试一种叫做博客的新事物。A. editing编辑；B. camping露营；C. blogging写博客；D. advertising广告。根据下文“Dervaes thought they could write on the Internet about their simple life.”可知，是在互联网上写东西，即“写博客”。 【4题详解】 考查动词。句意：结果，康普顿高中的老师们询问是否可以带学生来参观农场，而Ann自此便一直从事外联工作。A. design设计；B. clean清洁；C. expand扩大；D. tour参观。根据上文“they could bring students to”和下文“Ann has done outreach ever since”可推知，这是一次对农场的“参观”，并开启了Ann的外联工作。 【5题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们仍然每周为100多个贫困家庭提供农产品和鲜花，种植着菠菜、蒲公英和向日葵。A. produce农产品；B. joy快乐；C. support支持；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“and flowers to more than 100 poverty-stricken families”以及“with beds of spinach (菠菜), dandelions and sunflowers”可知，他们提供的是“农产品”。 【6题详解】 考查名词。句意：Dervaes的孩子们并没有变富，但他们能够维持生计，这得益于很少的开支和勇于尝试的勇气。A. lands土地；B. trucks卡车；C. obstacles障碍；D. expenses开支。根据下文“The family installed a greywater system that keeps their water bill under $1.00 a year.”可知，他们“开支”很少。 【7题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们甚至回收食用油来给自己的卡车加油。A. clean清洁；B. repair修理；C. fuel给……加油；D. load装载。根据上文“They even recycled cooking oil to”和下文“their own truck.”可知，是用回收的食用油来“给卡车加油”。 【8题详解】 考查形容词。句意：回顾他们的生活方式，四个孩子认为这并不总是美好的。A. fruitful富有成果的；B. wonderful美好的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. tiring令人疲倦的。根据下文“The neighborhood kids laughed at them”可知，遭到嘲笑，说明他们的生活方式并不总是“美好的”。 【9题详解】 考查动词。句意：邻居家的孩子们嘲笑他们缺少的东西——耐克鞋、汉堡包和汽水。A. missing缺少；B. suffering遭受；C. enjoying享受；D. appreciating欣赏。根据上文“laughed at”和下文“Nikes, hamburgers and sodas”可知，邻居孩子嘲笑他们“缺少”这些物质享受。 【10题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们在城市里过着农耕生活，所以我们用不同的方式看待事物，大多数城市居民并不总能理解。A. differently不同地；B. positively积极地；C. unrealistically不现实地；D. comprehensively全面地。根据上文“We live a farming lifestyle in the city”以及下文“most city dwellers don’t always understand”可知，他们看待事物的方式与普通城市居民“不同”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Covering an area of 2.25 square kilometers and home to a population of 42,000, Pingyao is a typical example of a town during the imperial era of China. It still keeps the traditional layout and style between the late 14th and the early 20th century. The architectural ____11____ (complex) of its six temples, governmental offices, city walls and the tower pavilion are all the original. ____12____ (locate) in the central Shanxi Province, the olden town of Pingyao boasts a history that goes back more than 2,700 years. It is the best-preserved ancient county-level town dating to the Ming and Qing dynasties, and ____13____ (present) a grand view of the social and cultural development during that period. 【答案】11. complexes 12. Located 13. presents 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍平遥占地2.25平方公里，保留着14至20世纪初的传统城镇风貌，坐落于山西中部，是保存最完好的明清古县城，展现当时的社会文化发展风貌。 【11题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：其六座寺庙、政府办公场所、城墙以及塔楼亭阁的建筑群均为原貌。主语complex是可数名词，由are可知应用名词复数作主语。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：位于山西省中部的平遥古城，拥有超过2700年的悠久历史。locate和逻辑主语The olden town of Pingyao之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写。 【13题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是保存最完好的明清时期古县级城镇，展现了当时社会与文化发展的宏伟图景。and连接两个并列的谓语，前一个谓语是is，用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，因此提示词present要变为第三人称单数形式presents。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Experts studying ____14____ couples look alike identify three primary reasons. Firstly, couples often share the same dietary habits and daily routines over time. Therefore, they gradually have the same figures. Secondly, individuals frequently select partners who bear a resemblance ____15____ themselves. In other words, when people choose their partners, they often find someone who is similar to themselves in appearance. Lastly, people love to imitate the behaviors and mannerisms of those with ____16____ they are closely connected. Consequently, as a couple spends more time together, their gestures, expressions, and overall temperament often start to reflect one another. 【答案】14. why 15. to 16. whom 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述夫妻会变得相像的三个主要原因。 【14题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：研究为什么夫妻会长得相像的专家确定了三个主要原因。空后为完整从句，作 studying的宾语，所以空处引导宾语从句，此处表示“为什么”，用why引导该从句。 【15题详解】 考查固定介词搭配。句意：其次，人们经常选择和自己相像的伴侣。固定短语bear a resemblance to，意为 “与……相像”，是固定搭配。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最后，人们喜欢模仿那些和自己关系亲密之人的行为与举止。空处引导定语从句，先行词是those，指代人，介词with提前，介词后指人用关系代词whom，构成“介词 + 关系代词” 结构引导的定语从句。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Not everybody gets to fulfill their dreams, but 31-year-old Chen Jingxian from a small town of China, is well on the way to living ____17____ (she) — to be the first Chinese woman to fly around the world. Following in the footsteps of famous pilots like Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart, Chen ____18____ (depart) Cleveland, Ohio, in a single-engine Beechcraft Bonanza. She stopped in New York, Boston, Canada, Greenland and Iceland, finally ____19____ (reach) Paris. The feat is a huge undertaking for a woman who ____20____ (live) in a small town before she attended a university in Beijing at the age of 18. There, she read Night Flight and Wind, Sand and Stars, books about aviation by Antoine de Saint-Exupery, author of The Little Prince. 【答案】17. hers 18. departed 19. reaching 20. had lived 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍31岁的中国小镇女性陈静娴正践行成为首位环球飞行中国女性的梦想，她驾驶飞机从美国出发经多地最终抵达巴黎，这份壮举缘起于她大学时接触的航空书籍。 【17题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：并非每个人都能实现梦想，但来自中国一个小城镇的31岁陈静娴正朝着她的梦想稳步前进——成为首位环游世界的中国女性。此处空后无名词，指代前文提到的“her dream”，需要用名词性物主代词作动词live的宾语。 【18题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：追随查尔斯·林德伯格和阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特等著名飞行员的脚步，陈乘坐一架单引擎的比奇富豪飞机从俄亥俄州克利夫兰出发。此处缺少谓语动词，语境描述的是过去发生的已经完成的动作，要用一般过去时。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她先后在纽约、波士顿、加拿大、格陵兰和冰岛停留，最终抵达巴黎。本句已有谓语动词stopped，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，主语She和动词reach之间是主动关系，需要用现在分词形式。 【20题详解】 考查过去完成时。句意：对于一位在18岁前往北京的一所大学读书之前，曾生活在小镇上的女性来说，这项壮举是一项极为艰巨的任务。根据“before she attended a university”可知，“生活在小镇”发生在“上大学”之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A “Have you checked the oil in the car?” my father used to say to me, his version of “Hello, hope you are well.” Sometimes our phone calls would begin with an inquiry about the oil and end with one about the oil. Fathers have a lot of love to give, but it’s often supplied through the medium of practical advice. In my experience: it’s mostly about your motor vehicle. My student car — an old green Toyota bought for $500 — was the vehicle for which my father carved his paternal (父亲的) affections. I bet it’s always been so. Why can’t fathers just say “I love you” or “It’s great to see you”? The point is: You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish. Listen closely enough and the phrase “love you” can be heard in the slightly lengthier “I could come around Saturday and replace the seal around the base of your toilet because I assume that thing is getting really smelly.” The affectionate phrase “You made my life better from the moment you were born” may be rarely heard, but there is the more common “I’ll hold the ladder while you get the leaves off the roof.” When I was 17, I went on my first road trip in that Toyota. My father stood on the corner. “Highways are dangerous,” he said, “so don’t try overtaking anything faster than a horse and carriage. And take a break every two hours. And every time you stop for gas, you really should check the oil.” At the time we thought his speech was pretty funny and would repeat “horse-and-carriage” every time I sped up to overtake some other speeding vehicles. Dad’s long gone now. But after all these years, I realize that I have owned a copy of the Fatherlish-to-English dictionary. I’d have understood that the speech my friend and I so ignored was simply dad’s attempt at affection. 21. According to the author, a typical father’s greetings may start with “________”. A. Look who it is! B. Everything OK? C. Hi, sweetheart! D. How’s the leak in the ceiling? 22. What did the author’s old Toyota mean to his father? A. A symbol of his son’s admiration. B. A medium for his paternal love. C. A sign of a modernized lifestyle. D. A turning point in the family life. 23. Why does the author mention certain daily phrases in Paragraph 3? A. To show the fatherlish’s influence on kids. B. To compare different versions of fatherlish. C. To illustrate a dad’s loving concern for kids. D. To prove the usefulness of a dad’s greetings. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了父亲们不善直白表达爱意，习惯用务实关切的话语传递父爱，作者多年后读懂了这种独特的“父亲式语言”。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Have you checked the oil in the car?’ my father used to say to me, his version of ‘Hello, hope you are well.’ (“你检查车里的机油了吗？”父亲以前常对我说，这是他表达“你好，希望你一切都好”的方式。)”及第二段“Fathers have a lot of love to give, but it’s often supplied through the medium of practical advice. (父亲们有很多爱可以给予，但往往通过实用的建议来表达。)”可知，典型的父亲式问候往往不直接表达情感，而是通过询问或关心生活中的具体琐事、实际问题来体现。D选项“How’s the leak in the ceiling? (天花板漏水修得怎么样了？)”契合这种通过关心实际问题来表达问候的特征。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“My student car — an old green Toyota bought for $500 — was the vehicle for which my father carved his paternal (父亲的) affections. (我那辆500美元买来的旧绿色丰田学生车，承载着父亲倾注的父爱。)”可知，这辆旧丰田车对父亲来说，是他表达对儿子父爱的媒介。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Why can’t fathers just say ‘I love you’ or ‘It’s great to see you’? The point is: You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish. Listen closely enough and the phrase ‘love you’ can be heard in the slightly lengthier ‘I could come around Saturday and replace the seal around the base of your toilet because I assume that thing is getting really smelly.’ (为什么父亲不能直接说“我爱你”或者“见到你真好”？关键在于：你要读懂父亲式语言。只要仔细听，就会听到“我爱你”这句话被稍长一些的表达所替代，比如：“我周六过来帮你换一下马桶底座的密封圈，因为我猜那个东西开始发臭了。”)”可知，作者列举这些日常话语，是为了举例说明父亲是如何通过关心日常琐事来表达对孩子深沉的爱与关心的。 B Grand Canyon National Park Located entirely in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable vistas (远景) it offers to visitors on the rim. Park Openings and Closings The Village and Desert View on the South Rim are open all year and park entrances remain open 24 hours a day. North Rim facilities open mid-May and close mid-October. Hours for visitor centers and businesses vary throughout the year. Park Information The park produces a Pocket Map with a North Rim and South Rim edition that contains a map and information about services and facilities. It is available in French, German, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, Korean, and Chinese. A hiking brochure is included for those planning to hike one of the park’s main trails down into Grand Canyon. Obtain publications at entrance stations, visitor centers, or at go.nps.gov/136ojl. Accessibility Many of the facilities at Grand Canyon are historic and built before current accessibility standards were set. The terrain is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual impairments (损伤) may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2. Park Entrance Fees Admission to the park is $35 per private vehicle, $30 per motorcycle and $20 per person entering the park via Grand Canyon Railway. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. Pay fees at park entrance stations or at some businesses outside the park. For complete fee information, including Annual, Active Military, Senior, and Access passes, visit go.nps.gov/y5uu6f. Sustainability Grand Canyon National Park incorporates sustainability into all aspects of its operations. Use your refillable water bottle to fill up on free Grand Canyon spring water at visitor centers and grocery stores. Please recycle — recycling containers are conveniently located and as common as trash bins. Discover what else you can do to protect the environment while traveling here and beyond at go.nps.gov/lb2rzt. 24. The disabled can find detailed information on assistant facilities by visiting ________. A. go.nps.gov/136ojl B. go.nps.gov/1rtxl2 C. go.nps.gov/y5uu6f D. go.nps.gov/lb2rzt 25. If your family plan to drive to the park for a ten-day vacation, you should pay ________. A. $35. B. $60. C. $70. D. $120. 26. What can we learn about the national park? A. Visitors are forbidden to leave any trash in the park. B. Visitors have year-round access to every corner of the park. C. It is one of the world’s most visually breathtaking landscapes. D. Chinese hikers cannot explore the North Rim without an interpreter. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了美国大峡谷国家公园的开放时间、公园信息、无障碍设施及门票费用等实用信息。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据Accessibility部分中“For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2. (如需了解更多关于大峡谷国家公园无障碍设施的信息，请访问go.nps.gov/1rtxl2)”可知，残疾人可以通过访问go.nps.gov/1rtxl2找到详细的无障碍设施信息。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据Park Entrance Fees部分中“Admission to the park is $35 per private vehicle... The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. (公园门票为每辆私家车35美元……该通行证可使用七天，并包含两侧峡谷)”可知，通行证有效期为7天。如果一个家庭计划开车去公园度假十天，需要购买两次通行证，费用为35×2 = 70美元。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable vistas (远景) it offers to visitors on the rim. (作为世界上最壮观的地质侵蚀范例之一，大峡谷为游客提供的峡谷边缘远景是无与伦比的)”可知，它是世界上最令人叹为观止的景观之一。 C In an episode of Friends, actor Joey is asked to host a charity show. “A little good deed… plus some TV exposure, now that’s the kind of math Joey likes to do!” he exclaims, while his friend Phoebe calls it “totally selfish”. This scene captures a common human tendency: our suspicion of do-gooders, especially when they might benefit from their actions. This instinct is explored in a recent paper on “do-gooder derogation (贬损)”. Research shows that we often look for someone’s hidden motive, and once found, we may judge them even more harshly than those who act with obvious self-interest. For instance, in a classic experiment called the public goods game, participants who contributed the most money to a shared pool were often criticized just as badly by other players as those who contributed nothing at all. Psychologist Nichola argues that we are all playing a “status game”, suspicious of anyone who might be faking virtue to boost their own standing. Studies confirm this, revealing a phenomenon known as the “tainted altruism (利他主义) effect”. Imagine your friend Andy volunteers at a homeless shelter. You later discover he is only doing so to get a date with the manager. Studies suggest we view Andy more negatively than someone who took a job at a coffee shop for the same romantic motive. We are more judgemental of the person hiding self-interest behind a charitable act. Hafenbrädl, a researcher at the University of Navarra, suggests this judgment stems from a calculation weighing the social rewards someone gets against the cost of their deed. In one experiment, a resort owner who spent $100,000 cleaning local beaches was considered less moral when he used the act to advertise his business than when he kept it quiet. Interestingly, Hafenbrädl found that people who donated blood or gave to charity for their own sense of self-satisfaction were considered more moral than those seeking to enhance their reputation. Perhaps Joey is right: pure altruism may not exist. But personally, I am happy to forgive the “warm glow” that comes from helping others, if it means there is a little more kindness in the world. 27. The episode of Friends is mentioned in order to ______. A. provide supporting evidence for a theory B. present a phenomenon for further analysis C. illustrate an abstract psychological concept D. highlight conflicts between different values 28. What does the “tainted altruism effect” refer to? A. Judging generous people positively. B. Valuing ordinary jobs over volunteering. C. Rewarding those who seek social recognition. D. Criticizing charitable acts with hidden motives. 29. What can be learned from Hafenbrädl’s experiment? A. Publicity lowers moral credit. B. People undervalue environmental acts. C. The cost of an act shapes its moral evaluation D. Motives have little influence on people’s judgment. 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the “warm glow” of helping others? A. Critical. B. Skeptical. C. Indifferent. D. Tolerant. 【答案】27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】文章借助《老友记》引入“贬损行善者”心理现象，介绍受私利驱动的利他行为易遭批判的相关研究，作者对助人带来的自我满足感持包容态度。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“This scene captures a common human tendency: our suspicion of do-gooders, especially when they might benefit from their actions.(这一场景揭示了人类的一种普遍倾向：我们对行善者心存怀疑，尤其是当他们可能从自身行为中获益时)”可知，《老友记》这一集被提及，是为了展示一个现象以便进一步分析。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Studies confirm this, revealing a phenomenon known as the “tainted altruism (利他主义) effect”. Imagine your friend Andy volunteers at a homeless shelter. You later discover he is only doing so to get a date with the manager. Studies suggest we view Andy more negatively than someone who took a job at a coffee shop for the same romantic motive. We are more judgemental of the person hiding self-interest behind a charitable act.(研究证实了这一点，揭示出一种被称为“被污染的利他主义效应”的现象。想象一下，你的朋友安迪在一家无家可归者收容所做志愿者。后来你发现，他这么做只是为了和经理约会。研究表明，我们对安迪的看法比那些出于相同浪漫动机而去咖啡店打工的人更加负面。我们更容易对那些以慈善行为掩饰自身私利的人做出评判)”可知，“受污染的利他效应”指的是批评带有隐藏动机的慈善行为。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In one experiment, a resort owner who spent $100,000 cleaning local beaches was considered less moral when he used the act to advertise his business than when he kept it quiet.(在一项实验中，一位度假村老板花费10万美元清理当地海滩，当他用这一行为来宣传自己的生意时，被认为比保持沉默时更缺乏道德)”可知，宣传会降低道德信誉。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But personally, I am happy to forgive the “warm glow” that comes from helping others, if it means there is a little more kindness in the world.(但就我个人而言，如果这意味着能让世界多一点善意，我愿意原谅帮助他人所带来的“温暖光芒”)”可知，作者对帮助他人这种“温暖光芒”持宽容态度。 D Scientists often complain that people are not rational in their opposition to technologies such as nuclear power and genetically modified (GM) crops. From a statistical perspective, these are very safe, and so people’s fear can be explained only by emotion, strengthened by ignorance. Electricity from nuclear power has led to far fewer direct deaths than has coal-fired power, yet many people are afraid of it, and hardly anyone is afraid of coal plants. Similar arguments can be made about GM crops, which studies have shown are generally safe for most people to eat. Scientific illiteracy may be part of the problem. Most of us are afraid of things we don’t understand, and studies have shown that scientists tend to be more accepting of potentially risky technologies than laypeople. This suggests that when people know a lot about such technologies, they are usually reassured. But there’s more to the issue than meets the eye. It is true that many of us fear the unknown, but it is also true that we don’t care enough about routine risks. Part of the explanation is complacency: we tend not to fear the familiar, and thus familiarity can lead us to underestimate risk. The investigation into the Deepwater Horizon blowout and oil spill in 2010 showed that complacency — among executives, among engineers and among government officials — was a major cause of that disaster. So the fact that experts are unworried about a threat is not necessarily reassuring. Scientists also make a mistake when they assume that public concerns are wholly or even mostly about safety. Some people object to GM crops because these crops facilitate the increased use of chemicals. Others have a problem with the social impacts that switching to GM organisms can have on traditional farming communities or with the political implications of leaving a large share of the food supply in the hands of a few corporations. Geoengineering to lessen the impacts of climate change is another example. Laypeople as well as scientists are more concerned about oversight than safety. Who will decide whether this is a good way to deal with climate change? If we undertake the project of setting the global temperature by controlling how much sunlight reaches Earth’s surface, who will be included in that “we” and by what process will the “right” global temperature be chosen? Can we say which group’s view is closer to an accurate assessment? 31. The underlined word “complacency” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. misprediction B. overconfidence C. underestimation D. irresponsibility 32. The example of geoengineering is used to argue that ______. A. safety is not the whole concern of the public B. geoengineering offers the solution to global issues C. people are unnecessarily troubled by climate change D. lessening the impacts of climate change is challenging 33. What can we learn from the passage? A. Scientific illiteracy is a major cause of disasters. B. The safety of technologies can be accurately assessed. C. People are unworried about risks with proper oversight. D. Scientists misjudge people’s opposition to technologies. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Who Is Rational About Risk B. Why Can’t Technology Be Trusted C. Should Scientists Have a Say in Risk D. Is Technology a double-edged Sword 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家常认为民众反对核能、转基因作物等技术是非理性的，实则民众的担忧不局限于安全，还涉及社会、政治、监管等因素，探讨面对风险时科学家与普通民众谁的评判更准确。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。第三段画线词“complacency”冒号后的内容“we tend not to fear the familiar, and thus familiarity can lead us to underestimate risk(我们往往不会惧怕熟悉的事物，因此熟悉感会让我们低估风险)”是对该词的解释，由此可推知，人们对熟悉事物不畏惧，进而低估风险，这是一种过度自信的心态，画线词应含有“过度自信”之意，与选项中的overconfidence相对应。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Scientists also make a mistake when they assume that public concerns are wholly or even mostly about safety.(科学家还犯了一个错误，他们假定公众的担忧全部或者绝大部分都围绕安全问题。)”可知，地球工程的例子用来证明公众的顾虑并非只有安全这一方面。再根据第五段中的“Geoengineering to lessen the impacts of climate change is another example. Laypeople as well as scientists are more concerned about oversight than safety.(地球工程是另一个例子。外行人乃至科学家都更关心监管问题，而非安全问题。)”可知，该例子进一步佐证了上述观点，说明公众的顾虑并非只有安全这一方面。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“From a statistical perspective, these are very safe, and so people’s fear can be explained only by emotion, strengthened by ignorance.(从统计学角度看，这些技术非常安全，因此人们的恐惧只能归因于情绪，再加上无知的推波助澜。)”以及第四段中的“Scientists also make a mistake when they assume that public concerns are wholly or even mostly about safety.(科学家还犯了一个错误，他们假定公众的担忧全部或者绝大部分都围绕安全问题。)”可知，科学家将民众对技术的反对简单归因为情绪与无知，又误以为公众的顾虑只围绕安全。由此推知，科学家错误判断了人们对技术的反对。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Scientists often complain that people are not rational in their opposition to technologies such as nuclear power and genetically modified (GM) crops.(科学家们常常抱怨，人们在反对核能、转基因作物这类技术时并不理性。)”可知，文章开篇提出科学家认为公众对技术风险的态度是非理性的，随后逐层反驳该片面观点，分析了双方在风险认知上的不同逻辑，最后以“Can we say which group’s view is closer to an accurate assessment?(我们能说哪一方的观点更接近准确的评估吗？)”收尾，核心围绕谁对风险的态度是理性的展开探讨。选项A“Who Is Rational About Risk(面对风险谁是理性的)”涵盖本文主旨，适合作为本文标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy, Cal Newport, author of Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World, recommends building a habit of “deep work” — the ability to focus without distraction. There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work — be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task; developing a daily ritual; or taking a “journalistic” approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. ____35____ “At any given point, I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month. Once on the calendar, I protect this time like I would for a doctor’s appointment or important meeting,” he writes. Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritise your day — in particular how we craft our to-do lists. Tim Harford, author of Messy: The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early 1980s. The study divided undergraduates into two groups, and tried to find out the results. ____36____ Others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail, day by day. While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it comes to the execution of tasks, they were wrong. ____37____ Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation (临时调整) in such a list can reap the best results. ____38____ “Idleness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or a vice; it is as indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to the body … idleness is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done,” he argues. Srini Pillay, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, believes this counterintuitive (反直觉的) link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. ____39____ “What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brains,” says Pillay. A. The detailed daily plans demotivated students. B. Some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities. C. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to seize every minute to work. D. Whichever approach, the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it. E. Newport also recommends “deep scheduling” to combat interruptions and get more done. F. To make the most of focus, we also need to embrace downtime, or as suggested, “be lazy.” G. When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused they will be more efficient. 【答案】35. E 36. B 37. A 38. F 39. G 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了《深度工作：在分心的世界中专注成功的法则》一书的作者卡尔·纽波特建议培养一种“深度工作”的习惯。 【35题详解】 根据下文““At any given point, I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month. Once on the calendar, I protect this time like I would for a doctor’s appointment or important meeting,” he writes.(在任何时候，我都应该安排好接下来一个月左右的深度工作)”可知，空处作为段首句，应该指出提前安排好工作的重要性，E项“Newport also recommends “deep scheduling” to combat interruptions and get more done.(纽波特还建议采用“深度安排”来对抗干扰，完成更多工作)”中的scheduling与下文中的scheduled一致。 【36题详解】 根据下文“Others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail, day by day.(其他人被告知要日复一日地更详细地计划活动和目标)”可知，B项“Some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities.(一些人被建议制定月度目标、安排学习活动)”中的Some与下文中的Others构成Some... Others...的逻辑顺承关系，表示不同的人的计划安排的不同。 【37题详解】 根据上文“While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it comes to the execution of tasks, they were wrong.(虽然研究人员认为，当涉及到执行任务时，规划很好的日常计划是最有效的，但他们错了)”可知。此处承接上文，解释这种观点错在哪里，A项“The detailed daily plans demotivated students.(详细的日常计划使学生失去了动力)”中的demotivated students就是原因所在。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.(哈福德认为，不可避免的干扰往往会使每天的待办事项清单变得无效，而在这样的清单中留下灵活调整的空间可以获得最好的结果)”可知，此处承接上文，指出最大限度地集中注意力的具体做法，F项“To make the most of focus, we also need to embrace downtime, or as suggested, “be lazy.”(为了最大限度地集中注意力，我们还需要接受休息时间，或者像建议的那样“偷懒”)”中的make the most of focus与上文中的reap the best results一致。 【39题详解】 根据下文““What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brains,” says Pillay.(皮莱说：“人们没有意识到的是，为了完成这些任务，他们需要同时使用大脑中的聚焦和非聚焦回路。”)”可知，G项“When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused they will be more efficient.(当我们的大脑在专注和不专注之间切换时，它们会更有效率)”中的focused and unfocused与下文中的focus and unfocus一致。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Dumb phones are making a comeback It is hard to imagine life without a smartphone these days. Leave yours at home and you may find yourself lost, moneyless and cut off from social contact. Yet a market is also emerging for phones that are deliberately pea-brained. These dumb phones — confusingly called “feature phones” — account for just 2% of phone sales in America. But demand is growing.  In 2016, a Finnish firm, bought the rights to relaunch the devices of Nokia, whose basic phones once dominated the market. It says it is now selling “tens of thousands” of flip-phones a month in America. In May it re-released the Nokia 3210, a mainstay of many millennials’ teenage years, in Europe. It even has Snake, a classic mobile game. Dumb phones today do not merely copy those of the past, though. Startups offer minimalist devices of their own. One example is the Light Phone, which is shaped like an iPod and has an e-ink screen like a Kindle. It also allows users to add optional “tools” including a podcast-player and a directions app. What explains the return of the dumb phone? One factor is anxiety over the impact of smartphones — and social-media apps in particular — on young people’s mental health. That is why a first-class British school, announced in July that it would bar its students from bringing smartphones to school, and would provide them with Nokia phones instead. But plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones out of their own will. Jose Briones, who moderates a forum dedicated to dumb phones on a social-media site, switched to the Light Phone after growing alarmed at his soaring screen-time record. Other smartphone addicts are instead cutting down the use of their devices either by deleting apps or downloading ones that control screen time. Giving up the supercharged connectivity of a smartphone can lead to panic at first. Christina Dinur, another dumb-phone convert, remembers wondering what to do with herself when waiting in a queue without her smartphone. But, she says, she “settled into it really quickly”. For some, it seems, a dumb phone can be a smart choice. 40. How will people feel if they leave their smartphones at home? ________________________________________________________________ 41. What contributes to the return of the dump phone? ________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Dump phones are making a comeback, yet startups are just reproducing the old phones. ________________________________________________________________ 43. Will you choose a dump phone? Why or why not? ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. They may feel lost, moneyless, and cut off from social contact. 41. Concerns about smartphones’ impact on mental health (especially social media) and adults’ voluntary choice to reduce screen time. 42. Dump phones are making a comeback, yet startups are just reproducing the old phones. According to the passage, “Dumb phones today do not merely copy those of the past, though. Startups offer minimalist devices of their own.” So startups are not just reproducing the old phones, but offering their own new minimalist devices. 43. Yes. A dumb phone helps avoid distractions from social media and reduces screen time, allowing me to focus on real-life interactions. 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讨论了“傻瓜手机”（dumb phones）的回归现象，解释了这种趋势背后的原因。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“It is hard to imagine life without a smartphone these days. Leave yours at home and you may find yourself lost, moneyless and cut off from social contact.(现在很难想象没有智能手机的生活。把你的手机留在家里，你可能会发现自己迷路了，身无分文，与社会联系也被切断了)”可知，把智能手机留在家里，人们会感到失落，身无分文，失去了社会联系。故回答：They may feel lost, moneyless, and cut off from social contact. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“What explains the return of the dumb phone? One factor is anxiety over the impact of smartphones — and social-media apps in particular — on young people’s mental health.(如何解释傻瓜手机的回归？其中一个因素是对智能手机——尤其是社交媒体应用——对年轻人心理健康影响的焦虑)”以及第五段“But plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones out of their own will. Jose Briones, who moderates a forum dedicated to dumb phones on a social-media site, switched to the Light Phone after growing alarmed at his soaring screen-time record. Other smartphone addicts are instead cutting down the use of their devices either by deleting apps or downloading ones that control screen time.(但很多成年人也出于自己的意愿选择了傻瓜手机。Jose Briones在一家社交媒体网站上主持了一个专门讨论傻瓜手机的论坛，他对自己不断飙升的屏幕时间记录感到担忧，于是改用了Light Phone。其他智能手机成瘾者则通过删除应用程序或下载控制屏幕时间的应用程序来减少对设备的使用)”可知，对智能手机（尤其是社交媒体）对心理健康的影响以及成年人自愿选择减少屏幕时间的担忧导致傻瓜手机的回归。故回答：Concerns about smartphones’ impact on mental health (especially social media) and adults’ voluntary choice to reduce screen time. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Dumb phones today do not merely copy those of the past, though. Startups offer minimalist devices of their own. One example is the Light Phone, which is shaped like an iPod and has an e-ink screen like a Kindle. It also allows users to add optional “tools” including a podcast-player and a directions app.(不过，如今的“傻瓜手机”并不仅仅是复制过去的手机。初创公司也推出了自己的极简主义设备。其中一个例子就是 Light Phone，它的外形像 iPod，屏幕则像 Kindle 一样采用电子墨水屏。它还允许用户添加可选的“工具”，包括播客播放器和导航应用程序)”可知，创业公司不仅在复制旧手机，而且还在提供自己的新型极简设备。故回答：Dump phones are making a comeback, yet startups are just reproducing the old phones. According to the passage, “Dumb phones today do not merely copy those of the past, though. Startups offer minimalist devices of their own.” So startups are not just reproducing the old phones, but offering their own new minimalist devices. 【43题详解】 开放性问题。对我来说，我会选择一个傻瓜手机，因为它有助于避免社交媒体的干扰，减少屏幕时间，让我专注于现实生活中的互动。故回答：Yes. A dumb phone helps avoid distractions from social media and reduces screen time, allowing me to focus on real-life interactions. 第二节（20分） 44. 假定你是红星中学高三学生李华。上周日，你参加了美国心理学教授Jim Smith主持的“积极心态工作坊”（Positive Mindset Workshop）。请你用英文给Jim Smith写一封邮件。内容包括： 1．表达感谢并简述你的收获； 2．说明你近期的困惑并寻求帮助。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim Smith, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim Smith, I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks for your Positive Mindset Workshop last Sunday. It was truly inspiring, and I’ve learned practical strategies to reframe negative thoughts and build resilience under pressure. However, I’ve recently been struggling with anxiety about the upcoming college entrance exam. Despite applying the techniques, I still find myself overwhelmed by self-doubt when facing difficult mock tests. Could you kindly offer some specific advice on maintaining confidence during high-stakes preparation? Thank you again for your guidance. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给主持“积极心态工作坊”的美国心理学教授Jim Smith写一封邮件，表达感谢并简述自己的收获，以及说明近期的困惑并寻求帮助。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express → convey 由衷的：heartfelt → hearty/devout 鼓舞人心的：inspiring → inspirational 面对：face→ confront 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks for your Positive Mindset Workshop last Sunday. It was truly inspiring, and I’ve learned practical strategies to reframe negative thoughts and build resilience under pressure.  拓展句：I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks for your Positive Mindset Workshop last Sunday, which was truly inspiring, and I’ve learned practical strategies to reframe negative thoughts and build resilience under pressure. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Despite applying the techniques, I still find myself overwhelmed by self-doubt when facing difficult mock tests.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略） 【高分句型2】Could you kindly offer some specific advice on maintaining confidence during high-stakes preparation?（运用了动名词作宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清华附中2026 — 2027学年高三年级统练试卷3 英 语 2026.09 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In 1984, Jules Dervaes Jr. created a self-sufficient urban farm. Initially growing food for his family, he later turned organic gardening into a business in 1989 by replacing front yard with crops. Neighbors thought he was crazy, but the business ____1____. The nonprofit Urban Homestead Institute was established in 2001 to provide food boxes for ____2____ families and welcome students to see how real food is grown — a program that started after Dervaes encouraged his daughter Ann to try a new thing called ____3____ in 2000. Dervaes thought they could write on the Internet about their simple life. As it turned out, teachers from Compton High School asked if they could bring students to ____4____ the farm and Ann has done outreach ever since. Dervaes died in 2016 from a pulmonary embolism (肺栓塞), but his four children kept building on his vision. They still work to provide ____5____ and flowers to more than 100 poverty-stricken families every week, with beds of spinach (菠菜), dandelions and sunflowers. Dervaes’ children aren’t getting rich, but they’re making ends meet, thanks to few ____6____ and the courage to experiment. The family installed a greywater system that keeps their water bill under $1.00 a year. They even recycled cooking oil to ____7____ their own truck. Reflecting on their lifestyle, the four children believed it wasn’t always ____8____. They became a vegetarian household when they were very young. The neighborhood kids laughed at them about what they were ____9____ — Nikes, hamburgers and sodas. But the youngest daughter, Jordanne, said, “It wasn’t like dad forced us to do so. Actually, he always encouraged us to question everything. Besides, we had duties. There was a sense of mission in growing all these plants, and the business was ours.” “We live a farming lifestyle in the city, so we look at things ____10____, and most city dwellers don’t always understand,” Ann said. “But this is our livelihood; this is our life.” 1. A. came along B. came apart C. took over D. took off 2. A. privileged B. needy C. helpful D. popular 3. A. editing B. camping C. blogging D. advertising 4. A. design B. clean C. expand D. tour 5. A. produce B. joy C. support D. comfort 6. A. lands B. trucks C. obstacles D. expenses 7. A. clean B. repair C. fuel D. load 8. A. fruitful B. wonderful C. disturbing D. tiring 9. A. missing B. suffering C. enjoying D. appreciating 10. A. differently B. positively C. unrealistically D. comprehensively 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Covering an area of 2.25 square kilometers and home to a population of 42,000, Pingyao is a typical example of a town during the imperial era of China. It still keeps the traditional layout and style between the late 14th and the early 20th century. The architectural ____11____ (complex) of its six temples, governmental offices, city walls and the tower pavilion are all the original. ____12____ (locate) in the central Shanxi Province, the olden town of Pingyao boasts a history that goes back more than 2,700 years. It is the best-preserved ancient county-level town dating to the Ming and Qing dynasties, and ____13____ (present) a grand view of the social and cultural development during that period. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Experts studying ____14____ couples look alike identify three primary reasons. Firstly, couples often share the same dietary habits and daily routines over time. Therefore, they gradually have the same figures. Secondly, individuals frequently select partners who bear a resemblance ____15____ themselves. In other words, when people choose their partners, they often find someone who is similar to themselves in appearance. Lastly, people love to imitate the behaviors and mannerisms of those with ____16____ they are closely connected. Consequently, as a couple spends more time together, their gestures, expressions, and overall temperament often start to reflect one another. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Not everybody gets to fulfill their dreams, but 31-year-old Chen Jingxian from a small town of China, is well on the way to living ____17____ (she) — to be the first Chinese woman to fly around the world. Following in the footsteps of famous pilots like Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart, Chen ____18____ (depart) Cleveland, Ohio, in a single-engine Beechcraft Bonanza. She stopped in New York, Boston, Canada, Greenland and Iceland, finally ____19____ (reach) Paris. The feat is a huge undertaking for a woman who ____20____ (live) in a small town before she attended a university in Beijing at the age of 18. There, she read Night Flight and Wind, Sand and Stars, books about aviation by Antoine de Saint-Exupery, author of The Little Prince. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A “Have you checked the oil in the car?” my father used to say to me, his version of “Hello, hope you are well.” Sometimes our phone calls would begin with an inquiry about the oil and end with one about the oil. Fathers have a lot of love to give, but it’s often supplied through the medium of practical advice. In my experience: it’s mostly about your motor vehicle. My student car — an old green Toyota bought for $500 — was the vehicle for which my father carved his paternal (父亲的) affections. I bet it’s always been so. Why can’t fathers just say “I love you” or “It’s great to see you”? The point is: You just have to translate from the language that is Fatherlish. Listen closely enough and the phrase “love you” can be heard in the slightly lengthier “I could come around Saturday and replace the seal around the base of your toilet because I assume that thing is getting really smelly.” The affectionate phrase “You made my life better from the moment you were born” may be rarely heard, but there is the more common “I’ll hold the ladder while you get the leaves off the roof.” When I was 17, I went on my first road trip in that Toyota. My father stood on the corner. “Highways are dangerous,” he said, “so don’t try overtaking anything faster than a horse and carriage. And take a break every two hours. And every time you stop for gas, you really should check the oil.” At the time we thought his speech was pretty funny and would repeat “horse-and-carriage” every time I sped up to overtake some other speeding vehicles. Dad’s long gone now. But after all these years, I realize that I have owned a copy of the Fatherlish-to-English dictionary. I’d have understood that the speech my friend and I so ignored was simply dad’s attempt at affection. 21. According to the author, a typical father’s greetings may start with “________”. A. Look who it is! B. Everything OK? C. Hi, sweetheart! D. How’s the leak in the ceiling? 22. What did the author’s old Toyota mean to his father? A. A symbol of his son’s admiration. B. A medium for his paternal love. C. A sign of a modernized lifestyle. D. A turning point in the family life. 23. Why does the author mention certain daily phrases in Paragraph 3? A. To show the fatherlish’s influence on kids. B. To compare different versions of fatherlish. C. To illustrate a dad’s loving concern for kids. D. To prove the usefulness of a dad’s greetings. B Grand Canyon National Park Located entirely in northern Arizona, the park covers 277 miles of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. One of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world, Grand Canyon is unmatched in the incomparable vistas (远景) it offers to visitors on the rim. Park Openings and Closings The Village and Desert View on the South Rim are open all year and park entrances remain open 24 hours a day. North Rim facilities open mid-May and close mid-October. Hours for visitor centers and businesses vary throughout the year. Park Information The park produces a Pocket Map with a North Rim and South Rim edition that contains a map and information about services and facilities. It is available in French, German, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, Korean, and Chinese. A hiking brochure is included for those planning to hike one of the park’s main trails down into Grand Canyon. Obtain publications at entrance stations, visitor centers, or at go.nps.gov/136ojl. Accessibility Many of the facilities at Grand Canyon are historic and built before current accessibility standards were set. The terrain is rugged with narrow, rocky trails and steep cliffs. Visitors using wheelchairs or having visual impairments (损伤) may need assistance. For more information about accessibility in Grand Canyon National Park, see go.nps.gov/1rtxl2. Park Entrance Fees Admission to the park is $35 per private vehicle, $30 per motorcycle and $20 per person entering the park via Grand Canyon Railway. The pass can be used for seven days and includes both rims. Pay fees at park entrance stations or at some businesses outside the park. For complete fee information, including Annual, Active Military, Senior, and Access passes, visit go.nps.gov/y5uu6f. Sustainability Grand Canyon National Park incorporates sustainability into all aspects of its operations. Use your refillable water bottle to fill up on free Grand Canyon spring water at visitor centers and grocery stores. Please recycle — recycling containers are conveniently located and as common as trash bins. Discover what else you can do to protect the environment while traveling here and beyond at go.nps.gov/lb2rzt. 24. The disabled can find detailed information on assistant facilities by visiting ________. A. go.nps.gov/136ojl B. go.nps.gov/1rtxl2 C. go.nps.gov/y5uu6f D. go.nps.gov/lb2rzt 25. If your family plan to drive to the park for a ten-day vacation, you should pay ________. A. $35. B. $60. C. $70. D. $120. 26. What can we learn about the national park? A. Visitors are forbidden to leave any trash in the park. B. Visitors have year-round access to every corner of the park. C. It is one of the world’s most visually breathtaking landscapes. D. Chinese hikers cannot explore the North Rim without an interpreter. C In an episode of Friends, actor Joey is asked to host a charity show. “A little good deed… plus some TV exposure, now that’s the kind of math Joey likes to do!” he exclaims, while his friend Phoebe calls it “totally selfish”. This scene captures a common human tendency: our suspicion of do-gooders, especially when they might benefit from their actions. This instinct is explored in a recent paper on “do-gooder derogation (贬损)”. Research shows that we often look for someone’s hidden motive, and once found, we may judge them even more harshly than those who act with obvious self-interest. For instance, in a classic experiment called the public goods game, participants who contributed the most money to a shared pool were often criticized just as badly by other players as those who contributed nothing at all. Psychologist Nichola argues that we are all playing a “status game”, suspicious of anyone who might be faking virtue to boost their own standing. Studies confirm this, revealing a phenomenon known as the “tainted altruism (利他主义) effect”. Imagine your friend Andy volunteers at a homeless shelter. You later discover he is only doing so to get a date with the manager. Studies suggest we view Andy more negatively than someone who took a job at a coffee shop for the same romantic motive. We are more judgemental of the person hiding self-interest behind a charitable act. Hafenbrädl, a researcher at the University of Navarra, suggests this judgment stems from a calculation weighing the social rewards someone gets against the cost of their deed. In one experiment, a resort owner who spent $100,000 cleaning local beaches was considered less moral when he used the act to advertise his business than when he kept it quiet. Interestingly, Hafenbrädl found that people who donated blood or gave to charity for their own sense of self-satisfaction were considered more moral than those seeking to enhance their reputation. Perhaps Joey is right: pure altruism may not exist. But personally, I am happy to forgive the “warm glow” that comes from helping others, if it means there is a little more kindness in the world. 27. The episode of Friends is mentioned in order to ______. A. provide supporting evidence for a theory B. present a phenomenon for further analysis C. illustrate an abstract psychological concept D. highlight conflicts between different values 28. What does the “tainted altruism effect” refer to? A. Judging generous people positively. B. Valuing ordinary jobs over volunteering. C. Rewarding those who seek social recognition. D. Criticizing charitable acts with hidden motives. 29. What can be learned from Hafenbrädl’s experiment? A. Publicity lowers moral credit. B. People undervalue environmental acts. C. The cost of an act shapes its moral evaluation D. Motives have little influence on people’s judgment. 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the “warm glow” of helping others? A. Critical. B. Skeptical. C. Indifferent. D. Tolerant. D Scientists often complain that people are not rational in their opposition to technologies such as nuclear power and genetically modified (GM) crops. From a statistical perspective, these are very safe, and so people’s fear can be explained only by emotion, strengthened by ignorance. Electricity from nuclear power has led to far fewer direct deaths than has coal-fired power, yet many people are afraid of it, and hardly anyone is afraid of coal plants. Similar arguments can be made about GM crops, which studies have shown are generally safe for most people to eat. Scientific illiteracy may be part of the problem. Most of us are afraid of things we don’t understand, and studies have shown that scientists tend to be more accepting of potentially risky technologies than laypeople. This suggests that when people know a lot about such technologies, they are usually reassured. But there’s more to the issue than meets the eye. It is true that many of us fear the unknown, but it is also true that we don’t care enough about routine risks. Part of the explanation is complacency: we tend not to fear the familiar, and thus familiarity can lead us to underestimate risk. The investigation into the Deepwater Horizon blowout and oil spill in 2010 showed that complacency — among executives, among engineers and among government officials — was a major cause of that disaster. So the fact that experts are unworried about a threat is not necessarily reassuring. Scientists also make a mistake when they assume that public concerns are wholly or even mostly about safety. Some people object to GM crops because these crops facilitate the increased use of chemicals. Others have a problem with the social impacts that switching to GM organisms can have on traditional farming communities or with the political implications of leaving a large share of the food supply in the hands of a few corporations. Geoengineering to lessen the impacts of climate change is another example. Laypeople as well as scientists are more concerned about oversight than safety. Who will decide whether this is a good way to deal with climate change? If we undertake the project of setting the global temperature by controlling how much sunlight reaches Earth’s surface, who will be included in that “we” and by what process will the “right” global temperature be chosen? Can we say which group’s view is closer to an accurate assessment? 31. The underlined word “complacency” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. misprediction B. overconfidence C. underestimation D. irresponsibility 32. The example of geoengineering is used to argue that ______. A. safety is not the whole concern of the public B. geoengineering offers the solution to global issues C. people are unnecessarily troubled by climate change D. lessening the impacts of climate change is challenging 33. What can we learn from the passage? A. Scientific illiteracy is a major cause of disasters. B. The safety of technologies can be accurately assessed. C. People are unworried about risks with proper oversight. D. Scientists misjudge people’s opposition to technologies. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Who Is Rational About Risk B. Why Can’t Technology Be Trusted C. Should Scientists Have a Say in Risk D. Is Technology a double-edged Sword 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy, Cal Newport, author of Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World, recommends building a habit of “deep work” — the ability to focus without distraction. There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work — be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task; developing a daily ritual; or taking a “journalistic” approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. ____35____ “At any given point, I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month. Once on the calendar, I protect this time like I would for a doctor’s appointment or important meeting,” he writes. Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritise your day — in particular how we craft our to-do lists. Tim Harford, author of Messy: The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early 1980s. The study divided undergraduates into two groups, and tried to find out the results. ____36____ Others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail, day by day. While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it comes to the execution of tasks, they were wrong. ____37____ Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation (临时调整) in such a list can reap the best results. ____38____ “Idleness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or a vice; it is as indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to the body … idleness is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done,” he argues. Srini Pillay, an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, believes this counterintuitive (反直觉的) link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. ____39____ “What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brains,” says Pillay. A. The detailed daily plans demotivated students. B. Some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities. C. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to seize every minute to work. D. Whichever approach, the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it. E. Newport also recommends “deep scheduling” to combat interruptions and get more done. F. To make the most of focus, we also need to embrace downtime, or as suggested, “be lazy.” G. When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused they will be more efficient. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Dumb phones are making a comeback It is hard to imagine life without a smartphone these days. Leave yours at home and you may find yourself lost, moneyless and cut off from social contact. Yet a market is also emerging for phones that are deliberately pea-brained. These dumb phones — confusingly called “feature phones” — account for just 2% of phone sales in America. But demand is growing.  In 2016, a Finnish firm, bought the rights to relaunch the devices of Nokia, whose basic phones once dominated the market. It says it is now selling “tens of thousands” of flip-phones a month in America. In May it re-released the Nokia 3210, a mainstay of many millennials’ teenage years, in Europe. It even has Snake, a classic mobile game. Dumb phones today do not merely copy those of the past, though. Startups offer minimalist devices of their own. One example is the Light Phone, which is shaped like an iPod and has an e-ink screen like a Kindle. It also allows users to add optional “tools” including a podcast-player and a directions app. What explains the return of the dumb phone? One factor is anxiety over the impact of smartphones — and social-media apps in particular — on young people’s mental health. That is why a first-class British school, announced in July that it would bar its students from bringing smartphones to school, and would provide them with Nokia phones instead. But plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones out of their own will. Jose Briones, who moderates a forum dedicated to dumb phones on a social-media site, switched to the Light Phone after growing alarmed at his soaring screen-time record. Other smartphone addicts are instead cutting down the use of their devices either by deleting apps or downloading ones that control screen time. Giving up the supercharged connectivity of a smartphone can lead to panic at first. Christina Dinur, another dumb-phone convert, remembers wondering what to do with herself when waiting in a queue without her smartphone. But, she says, she “settled into it really quickly”. For some, it seems, a dumb phone can be a smart choice. 40. How will people feel if they leave their smartphones at home? ________________________________________________________________ 41. What contributes to the return of the dump phone? ________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Dump phones are making a comeback, yet startups are just reproducing the old phones. ________________________________________________________________ 43. Will you choose a dump phone? Why or why not? ________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假定你是红星中学高三学生李华。上周日，你参加了美国心理学教授Jim Smith主持的“积极心态工作坊”（Positive Mindset Workshop）。请你用英文给Jim Smith写一封邮件。内容包括： 1．表达感谢并简述你的收获； 2．说明你近期的困惑并寻求帮助。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim Smith, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $