Unit 3 Getting along with others 语法（定语从句之关系代词）专练-2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册（译林版）

Unit 3 Getting along with others 定语从句之关系代词 一、单句语法填空 1.（2026年全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands(摊位)是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 2.（2026年全国二卷）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____61____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. 【61题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 3.（2026年浙江1月）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____41____ always ended in laughter. 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 4．Do you want a friend to you could tell everything, like your deepest feelings and thoughts. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：你想要一个你可以告诉他一切事情的朋友吗？比如你最深的感觉和想法？设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词a friend在句中作介词to的宾语，且位于to之后，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 5．The little girl wrote a thank-you letter to the firefighter by she was rescued. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查关系代词。句意:小女孩给救她的消防队员写了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，此处“by  ________  she was rescued”为定语从句，先行词“ firefighter(消防员)”指人，该词在从句中作介词by的宾语，应使用关系代词whom。故填whom。 6．Her sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem we should deal with properly. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的突然死亡表明了吸毒是一个我们应该正确对待的严肃问题。分析句子可知，such a serious problem作先行词，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，分析从句成分可知，we作主语，should deal with作谓语，后缺少宾语，根据定语从句的规则，先行词前有such 修饰并且从句中少主语或宾语时用as。故填as。 7．The teacher didn't understand all the reasons were given by the student for being absent from school the day before. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老师并不能理解这位学生所给出的前天不来上课的理由。分析句子可知，the reasons 作定语从句的先行词，从句中缺少主语，应填关系代词，根据定语从句规则，先行词前有all限定，只能用that。故填that。 8．The famous writer is going to talk about the European countries and people he has visited in the past two months. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位著名作家将谈论他在过去两个月里访问过的欧洲国家和人民。分析句子结构，“_______ he has visited in the past two months.”为定语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用关系代词引导，先行词是“the European countries and people”，既有人也有物，需用关系代词that引导。故填that。 9．Both the girl and her dog were crossing the street were hit by a coming car. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：过马路的女孩和她的狗都被一辆开过来的车撞了。本句为含有定语从句的复合句，其中　　　①　　　 were crossing the street为定语从句，修饰先行词the girl and her dog，既有人又有物，先行词在从句中作主语，结合定语从句关系代词的用法：当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that。故填that。 10．There are many things in different areas we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS. 【答案】that/ which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们可以在不同的领域做很多事情来减少患艾滋病的危险。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是many things，指物，从句中作动词do的宾语，用关系代词which或者that，故填that/which。 【点睛】 11．People in modern times can read the classic works were written by Chinese in ancient times. 【答案】which /that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：现代人可以阅读中国人在古代写的经典著作。句中先行词为 classic works，指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。根据句意，故填which /that。 12．Yesang village is regarded as the birthplace of Tibetan woodblock art, a tradition has been passed down for more than 340 years. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：野三村被认为是西藏木刻艺术的发源地，这一传统已经传承了340多年。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作主语，先行词为a tradition，指物，关系代词用that/which。故填that/which。 13．Some of the objects on show were excavated from the wrecks of sunken cargo ships had been under the sea for a long time, such as Nanhai No 1, a Chinese merchant carrier dating back more than 800 years. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：展出的一些物品是从沉没在海底很长时间的沉船残骸中挖掘出来的，比如800多年前的中国商船南海一号。此处为定语从句修饰先行词ships，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填which/that。 14．It has been found by some scientists that children feel rejected by their parents tend to hold negative worldviews. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些科学家发现，感到被父母拒绝的孩子往往持有负面的世界观。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为children，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指人，关系代词用who/that。故填who/that。 15．This small village of about 400 people had long suffered from poverty is now a popular travel destination for city dwellers. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个大约有400人的小村庄长期以来饱受贫困之苦，现在是城市居民的热门旅游目的地。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the small village，先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填which/that。 16．Lenovo has brought out a new laptop   low cost will make it attractive to students. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：联想又出了一种新型笔记本电脑，它低廉的价位会对学生们很有吸引力。先行词为a new laptop，在定语从句中作定语。故填whose。 17．The hours the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people. 【答案】which/that/不填 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：孩子们在与电视中的人物的单向关系中花费的时间无疑会影响他们在现实生活中的人际关系。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the hours，关系代词which或that引导从句，在从句中作spent的宾语，可省略。故填that/which/不填。 18．There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of are well educated. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有大约7百万人参加选举，他们中大部分人受过良好的教育。分析句子结构可知，空格后为定语从句，先行词是seven million people，指人，在从句中作介词of宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 19．Mount Huangshan is such an attractive place of interest everyone likes to visit. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：黄山是如此吸引人的名胜，每个人都喜欢参观。分析句子可知，　　　　①　　　　everyone likes to visit为定语从句，修饰先行词 an attractive place of interest，设空处为引导词，在从句中作宾语，先行词前有such修饰，故填as。 20．A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果一家公司在国内市场的利润正在下降，它可能会在国外寻找机会。此处是定语从句，先行词是A company，与从句主语profits from home markets形成所属关系，即“A company's profits from home markets”，作定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 21．The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum opened in 1759. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the British Museum，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 22．“Ungelivable” is so new an English word coined on the Internet is forbidden to appear in official media or documents at present. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。so...as...如此……以至于……。句意：“不给力”是网络杜撰的一个如此新的词，以至于它现在还不能在官方媒体和文件里使用。故填as。 23．If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire. 【答案】whose 【详解】with _________ operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预)作定语，修饰a mechanical agency，关系词在从句中作定语，表示“一个机械代理商的操作”，所以填whose。 24．“Fat cats” are bosses salaries are often twenty-five times more than the company’s lowest-paid worker. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知这是一个包含定语从句的复合句。先行词是bosses，先行词与从句中的salaries之间有所属关系，用whose来引导，故填whose。 25．I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled and less from raw materials, the supply of is growing smaller and smaller. 【答案】which 【详解】考查关系词。句意：我确实同意，我们应该用回收的材料生产更多的东西，而不应该用原材料生产更多的东西，因为原材料的供应越来越少。分析句子可知，raw materials为先行词，在定语从句中作 of的宾语，所以关系代词用which。故填which 。 26．I was the only person in our class was praised by the headmaster at the meeting. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我是我们班唯一一个在会上受到校长表扬的人。分析句子可知，该空为限定性定语从句的引导词，在从句中充当主语成分，指代人（the only person），应用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。 27．They talked about persons and things interested them in our school. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们谈论了他们在我们学校感兴趣的人和事。分析句子结构，_________ interested them in our school.  是一个定语从句，修饰先行词persons and things，关系词在从句中作主语，当先行词既有人 ，又有物时，用that引导该从句，所以填that。 28．This terrible natural disaster destroyed Pompeii completely, but it also kept the ancient city it was for future ages. 【答案】as 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这场可怕的自然灾害彻底摧毁了庞贝古城，但也使这座古城在未来的年代里保持了原样。“as it was”表示按照原来的样子；结合句意可知，空格处应填as。故填as。 29．They finally reached the cottage roof was painted red, which made everyone relieved. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。他们终于来到了屋顶漆成红色的小屋，这使每个人都松了一口气。分析句子，定语从句部分需用引导词来做定语，译为“……的”。故填whose。 30．Such people have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对世界做出巨大贡献的人应该受到尊重。分析句子成分可知，people作先行词，空格处应填定语从句的关系词，从句中缺少主语应用关系代词，先行词people前有such修饰，所以应用as。故填as。 31．People spoke highly of the driver , in spite of the terrible weather, had saved his passengers from danger. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：人们高度评价那位司机，尽管天气恶劣，他还是把乘客从危险中救了出来。此处是定语从句，in spite of the terrible weather是插入成分，先行词是 the driver，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 32．China’s Chang’e 5 lunar probe landed on the moon has successfully brought moon samples back to earth. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国“嫦娥五号”月球探测器成功登陆月球，将月球样本带回地球。此处为定语从句修饰先行词China’s Chang’e 5 lunar probe，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 33．The research is about some comfort food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这项研究是关于一些安慰食品，它们的力量主要在于它使人们想到的与健康的相关性。空处引导定语从句，修饰名词food，先行词在从句中作power的定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 34．With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：随着农业的快速发展，她十年前在村里教书的人们都过着幸福的生活。先行词为the people，指人，且关系词在从句中做定语，修饰village，故用whose。 35．Nothing good can come to a nation people only complain and expect others to solve their problems. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，并希望别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有好事发生。分析可知，设空处及之后的内容在句中为定语从句，设空处在从句中作定语，先行词为nation，此处指“国家的人们”，所以用关系代词whose。故填whose。 36．They are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些都是让我们放松，享受生活，忘记工作的场合。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰occasions，从句中缺少主语，指物，用关系代词which或者that，故填that/which。 37．As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can get hold of concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：作为一名草根歌手，她阅读能够得到的与音乐有关的一切，并利用每一次机会提升自己。先行词是不定代词everything，用that引导定语从句。故填that。 38．I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else’s fault. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我拒绝为别人的过错承担责任。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词“something”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“that”引导从句。故填that。 39．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year. 【答案】which/that/不填 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个月之后，我们将实现今年年初设定的销售目标。______ we set at the beginning of the year是定语从句，修饰the sales targets，引导词在从句中作set的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。而且，关系代词在从句中作宾语时，还可以省略。故填which/that/不填。 40．Plato was one of the Greek Philosophers ideas have influenced Western society. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：柏拉图是古希腊哲学家之一，他的思想影响了西方社会。分析可知空格处是定语从句，先行词Greek Philosophers作定语，表示“.....的”，关系代词为whose。故空格处填whose。故填whose。 二、完成句子 41．任何对英语感兴趣的学生都欢迎加入英语俱乐部。 Any student _____________________ is welcome to English Club. 【答案】that/who is interested in English 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。分析句意和句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词any student在从句中作主语，指的是人，所以定语从句的引导词为that或者who，表示“对英语感兴趣”应为be interested in English，根据主句的谓语动词is和句意可知，该句应使用一般现在时，且主语that指代的先行词为单数形式，所以be动词为is。故填that is interested in English。 42．当我到达纽约时，我必须去一所学生第一语言不是英语的学校学习。 When I got to New York, I had to attend a school for students __________________. 【答案】whose first language was not English 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句意和句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，表示“第一语言”应为first language作从句的主语，先行词students与first language之间为所属关系，所以此处应使用whose引导定语从句，根据从句的谓语动词got可知，从句的谓语动词应为一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，所以表示“不是英语”应为was not English。故填whose first language was not English。 43．有120名学生，年龄在10岁至18岁之间。 There are 120 students ________10 ________18. 【答案】 whose ages range from to 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。表示“年龄”应用名词age，此处为可数名词，根据“10岁至18岁”可知，应用复数形式。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且ages和先行词“120 students”构成所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose表示“……的”。表示“在……至……之间”应用动词短语range from...to...。根据“There are 120 students”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填①whose ages range from②to。 44．He is the winner __________________. 他是他所希望的赢家。 【答案】he hopes for 【详解】考查定语从句、动词短语、时态。根据汉语提示，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，表示“希望”用hope for，该短语后通常接名词；先行词为winner，因先行词winner在定语从句中作宾语指人，使用关系代词that引导定语从句，可以省略。因定语从句表是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，主语he为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式，故填he hopes for。 45．他为乡村做出的贡献是巨大的。 The ___________________________was great. 【答案】contribution he made to the village 【详解】考查短语、定语从句和时态。make a contribution to对……作出贡献。he made to the village是定语从句，修饰先行词contribution，省略引导词that或which，先行词在定语从句中作宾语。根据主句时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填contribution he made to the village。 46．在非洲有80多万人受益于干净卫生的水。 There are over 800,000 people in Africa_________________clean and safe water. 【答案】benefiting from/who benefit from 【详解】考查动词短语、非谓语动词和定语从句。表示“从……中获益，受益于……”应用动词短语benefit from。根据句子结构和意思可知，“受益于干净卫生的水”是修饰“80多万人”，作后置定语，可以用现在分词的形式，表示主动，也可以用定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，用关系代词who引导该定语从句，时态用一般现在时，表客观陈述。故答案为benefiting from/who benefit from。 47．我们学校将要举行一次与中国传统文化有关的主题班会。我写信来寻求你宝贵的建议。 Our school is going to hold a theme class meeting ________________. I’m writing to ask for your valuable advice. 【答案】that is related to traditional Chinese culture 【详解】考查句子结构、定语从句。此处描述现实状况，用一般现在时。表示“与……有关”可用句式be related to sth，“与中国传统文化有关的”可用that引导定语从句，指代先行词a theme class meeting，作主语，为单数，表示为that is related to traditional Chinese culture。故填that is related to traditional Chinese culture。 48．受伤严重的人们被立即送往医院。 People ________________________ were taken to hospital at once. 【答案】who got seriously injured 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。空处需填“受伤严重的”，此处可处理为修饰people的定语从句，“受伤”表达为get injured，作从句谓语动词，陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时，“严重地”为副词seriously，作状语，从句缺少主语，先行词people指人，可用关系代词who引导从句。故填who got seriously injured。 49．我们学校有丰富多彩的旨在扩大我们视野的课外活动。 There are colorful after­class activities in our school________________． 【答案】that/which are designed/aimed to broaden our horizons 【详解】考查定语从句。该空缺少的是定语部分“旨在扩大我们视野的”修饰先行词activities，应使用关系代词that或which作从句主语，谓语部分使用be designed/aimed to；“扩大我们视野”使用动词短语 broaden our horizons。根据主句时态及句意判断从句也应使用一般现在时。故填that/which are designed to broaden our horizons。 50．音乐是我所依靠的岩石，它让我变得坚强，并度过了那些艰难的岁月。 Music was the rock ________ to become strong and to ________ those hard times. 【答案】 I leant on get through 【详解】考查定语从句，一般过去时，固定短语以及动词不定式。根据汉语意思可知，“让我依靠”为定语从句，修饰rock，从句中的主语为I，“依靠”为lean on，本句中主句部分为一般过去时，所以从句用一般过去时leant on；关系that/which指代先行词在从句中作宾语，可省略，所以第一空为I leant on。根据汉语意思可知，第二空需要填入“度过”，用动词短语get through；空格前已经有动词不定式的to，所以填get through。故答案为①I leant on；②get through。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Getting along with others 定语从句之关系代词 一、单句语法填空 1.（2026年全国一卷）Drawn by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands ____63____ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. 2.（2026年全国二卷）We move on to tai chi positions, of ____61____ there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. 3.（2026年浙江1月）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream ____41____ always ended in laughter. 4．Do you want a friend to you could tell everything, like your deepest feelings and thoughts. 5．The little girl wrote a thank-you letter to the firefighter by she was rescued. 6．Her sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem we should deal with properly. 7．The teacher didn't understand all the reasons were given by the student for being absent from school the day before. 8．The famous writer is going to talk about the European countries and people he has visited in the past two months. 9．Both the girl and her dog were crossing the street were hit by a coming car. 10．There are many things in different areas we can do to reduce the possible dangers of AIDS. 11．People in modern times can read the classic works were written by Chinese in ancient times. 12．Yesang village is regarded as the birthplace of Tibetan woodblock art, a tradition has been passed down for more than 340 years. 13．Some of the objects on show were excavated from the wrecks of sunken cargo ships had been under the sea for a long time, such as Nanhai No 1, a Chinese merchant carrier dating back more than 800 years. 14．It has been found by some scientists that children feel rejected by their parents tend to hold negative worldviews. 15．This small village of about 400 people had long suffered from poverty is now a popular travel destination for city dwellers. 16．Lenovo has brought out a new laptop   low cost will make it attractive to students. 17．The hours the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people. 18．There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of are well educated. 19．Mount Huangshan is such an attractive place of interest everyone likes to visit. 20．A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 21．The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum opened in 1759. 22．“Ungelivable” is so new an English word coined on the Internet is forbidden to appear in official media or documents at present. 23．If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire. 24．“Fat cats” are bosses salaries are often twenty-five times more than the company’s lowest-paid worker. 25．I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled and less from raw materials, the supply of is growing smaller and smaller. 26．I was the only person in our class was praised by the headmaster at the meeting. 27．They talked about persons and things interested them in our school. 28．This terrible natural disaster destroyed Pompeii completely, but it also kept the ancient city it was for future ages. 29．They finally reached the cottage roof was painted red, which made everyone relieved. 30．Such people have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. 31．People spoke highly of the driver , in spite of the terrible weather, had saved his passengers from danger. 32．China’s Chang’e 5 lunar probe landed on the moon has successfully brought moon samples back to earth. 33．The research is about some comfort food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 34．With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life. 35．Nothing good can come to a nation people only complain and expect others to solve their problems. 36．They are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 37．As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can get hold of concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself. 38．I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else’s fault. 39．We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year. 40．Plato was one of the Greek Philosophers ideas have influenced Western society. 二、完成句子 41．任何对英语感兴趣的学生都欢迎加入英语俱乐部。 Any student _____________________ is welcome to English Club. 42．当我到达纽约时，我必须去一所学生第一语言不是英语的学校学习。 When I got to New York, I had to attend a school for students __________________. 43．有120名学生，年龄在10岁至18岁之间。 There are 120 students ________10 ________18. 44．He is the winner __________________. 他是他所希望的赢家。 45．他为乡村做出的贡献是巨大的。 The ___________________________was great. 46．在非洲有80多万人受益于干净卫生的水。 There are over 800,000 people in Africa_________________clean and safe water. 47．我们学校将要举行一次与中国传统文化有关的主题班会。我写信来寻求你宝贵的建议。 Our school is going to hold a theme class meeting ________________. I’m writing to ask for your valuable advice. 48．受伤严重的人们被立即送往医院。 People ________________________ were taken to hospital at once. 49．我们学校有丰富多彩的旨在扩大我们视野的课外活动。 There are colorful after­class activities in our school________________． 50．音乐是我所依靠的岩石，它让我变得坚强，并度过了那些艰难的岁月。 Music was the rock ________ to become strong and to ________ those hard times. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $