Unit 4 非谓语动词形式之动词 精讲精练2026-2027学年译林版新教材九年级上册

九上Unit4 Grammar【解析版】 非谓语动词形式之动词 - ing 式及 - ed 式的用法 - ing(动名词，名词特性） 作主语 动名词作主语 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 公共标语 No parking. 句型：There’s no use/ need/good doing It作形式主语，动词ing作真主语，例如it is adj doing sth 作宾语 (1)动宾：部分动词后接doing/to do，含义不同(remember/forget/stop等) (2)介宾 常见短语，如look forward to doing -ing/-ed(分词，形容词特性） 作宾语补足语 作感官动词的宾语补足语，感官动词宾补：see somebody doing（动作正在发生）；see somebody do（动作全过程/经常性动作） 此外，-ed也可以作宾语补足语，如make me understood by everyone 作表语 -ed结尾的形容词，”感到“描述人的感受，如be amazed at； -ing“令人”描述事物的性质，令人... The news is amazing. 作定语 （1）前置定语：表示被修饰名词的目的或用途。the disabled people；running water (2)后置定语 相当于定语从句 a boy called Tom或是 this group of people playing beach volleyball 这群正在玩沙滩排球的人 动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的基本用法名词特性 (一) 动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的名词特性 作主语：动词 -ing 式 (动名词) 在句中起名词的作用，也即是说，动名词是名词的对应语。 e.g. Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 (此时泛指有意义的行为或一般行为) e.g. ___________ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me. 【答案】Volunteering e.g. I think ___________ (do) chores is not so difficult. 【答案】doing 笔记补充：在简短的警示性公共用语或揭示语中常用 v.-ing 式。 e.g. No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 No talking.禁止喧哗。 【提升】①在 “There’s no good /use/need…” 句型中，其后常用 v.-ing 式作主语。 e.g. There’s no need ___________ (talk) to her. (no 的作用是使句意表否定或消极意义) 【答案】talking ②在 “it’s +(表语形容词)……” 句型中，常将真正的主语 (即：动名词) 置于句尾。 e.g. It’s nice working with you. 和你共事真好。 It’s useless ___________ (call) him up at this moment. 【答案】calling 动词特性 （二）动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的动词特性 I. 作宾语 1. 作动词的宾语 e.g. I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. 类似的 (短语) 动词还有 avoid, can’t help…(情不自禁做某事）, can’t stand…（受不了某事）, continue, end up（最终做了某事）, enjoy, excuse（宽恕某事）, finish, give up…, imagine, keep on…(继续做某事), mind, miss, pardon, practice, prefer（更喜欢做某事）, put off…（延缓做某事）, regret, take up…（开始从事某事） 等。 e.g. He realized that Americans can hardly avoid___________ (buy) products made in China.他意识到美国人几乎很难不买中国制造的产品。 【答案】buying Most students hope to continue ___________ (study) after finishing school. 大多数学生希望毕业后继续学习。 【答案】studying ②某些动词后既可用 -ing 式，又可用不定式，但二者意义不相同。现区别如下，如：forget /remember, go on, mean, regret, stop, try 等。 e.g. Jim forgot to close the window.吉姆忘记去关窗。 = Jim forgot that he should close the window. Jim forgot closing the window.吉姆忘记自己已经关过窗了。 (= Jim forgot he had closed the window.) 【识记口诀】一 “忘” 一 “记” 同用法，意相反。 无论 forget /remember 与否，若后跟事件已经发生，就用v-ing；若后跟事件尚未发生，就用不定式。 类似动词列举如下：go on to do sth. 接着干 (另一事)； go on doing sth. 继续 (干某事) mean to do sth. 打算 (干某事)；mean doing sth. 意味着 (干某事) regret to do sth. 遗憾 (没干的事)； regret doing sth. 悔恨 (干过的事) stop to do sth. 停下来 (干某事)； stop doing sth. 停止干某事 try to do sth. 试图、设法 (干某事)；try doing sth. 试着 (干某事） ●在 like /hate/prefer 等词后作宾语，doing 表习惯性爱好；to do 表某次特定行为。 e.g. What does Anna like doing in the zoo? 安娜喜欢在动物园里做什么？（侧重长期爱好） 【附】初中英语常用的后跟 -ing 式的 (短语) 动词，按动名词的特点分组如下： ①后跟动名词的有：consider, enjoy, finish, imagine(想象), keep, mind(介意), miss(错过), practice 等。 e.g. For your next vacation, why not consider ___________ (visit) Paris? 【答案】visiting ③某些动词后跟 -ing 式表示 “形主意被” 的词：need, want, require。 e.g. The trees need watering.树需要浇水。 (= The trees need to be watered.) Your composition still requires ___________ (improve) a lot. 你的作文还有很多地方需要修改。 【答案】improving 判定标准：人作主语，该词后跟不定式表主动；物作主语，该词后跟 v.-ing 式表被动。 2. 作介词宾语 动词作介词的宾语时要用 v.-ing 式 (即：介词后面的动词要用动名词形式)。 e.g. You need to brush your teeth after eating to have good teeth.吃完东西你要刷牙，才能拥有健康的牙齿。 常见短语如下： be used to doing sth.：习惯于 (干某事)。 have + 名词 (in) doing sth. (非正式英语中常省略介词 in) (干某事) 有……，常见名词有 difficulty, fun, trouble, problems 和短语 difficulty, good /great/nice time 等。 look forward to doing sth.：盼望 (干某事)；非常期待 (干某事)。 pay attention to doing sth.：注意…… play a role in doing sth.：在…… 起作用 / 有影响。 make a contribution to doing sth.：为…… 做贡献。 spend time /money (in) doing sth.：为…… 花费时间 / 金钱。 II. 作宾补 v.-ing 式 (现在分词) 作宾补表示该动作正在发生或处在发生过程中，相当于进行时态。 e.g. I used to see him reading in the library every day. 我过去常常看见他在图书馆看书。 笔记: v.-ing 式作宾补时，宾语是该动作事实上的逻辑主语。 【强调】①“感官动词” 后既可用动词 v.-ing 式作宾补，表示正在进行的动作；也可以用 “不带 to 不定式” 作宾补，表示动作的全过程。 e.g. When we looked out of the tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 当我们向帐篷外望去，看见一条大蛇正卧在火堆旁睡觉。 Sam heard a girl sing in the next room. (表示动作的全过程) 山姆听见隔壁房间的女孩唱歌。 有时，感官动词也可用 -ed 式作宾补，如： I heard my name called. 我听见有人叫我的名字。 注意：若感官动词变为被动式，原来后跟的动名词保持不变，而若是不带 to 不定式 (即动词原形)，则要改为带 to 不定式。 e.g. She was seen ________（work) in the factory at 8p.m. yesterday. 昨晚八点有人看见她正在工厂里工作。 【答案】Working Jeff was heard ________（sing) songs inside the room. 有人听见杰夫在房间里唱歌。 【答案】to sing 上两例的主动语态分别是： We saw her working in the factoryat 8p.m. yesterday. All the other students heard Jeff sing songs inside the room. ②“使” 动词 (主动式) 后跟的宾语，若与宾补是主动关系时用原形 (此处不再赘述)；若与宾补是被动关系时，则用 -ed 式，如：“have /get + 名词 / 代词 + -ed 式” 表示 “请 / 让 (别人) 做某事。 e.g. I had the picture taken just now.我刚才请人拍了这张照片。 make oneself done: 使自己本身被…… e.g. Finally, I made myself understood by everyone. 最终我让所有人都理解了我。这种 “请 / 让 (别人) 做某事” 的情况，也可直接用主动语态来表达。 形容词特性 （三）动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的形容词特性 I. 作表语 e.g. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上举止得体。 His leg is broken. 他的腿受伤了。 现列举 由v.-ed 构成、表示感受的短语，如： be amused at (对…… 感到有趣)， be excited about, be interested in, be mad at (= be angry with)对...愤怒, be terrified of (= be scared of)对…… 感到恐惧, be tired of (对…… 感到厌倦), be worried about对...感到担忧 等。 e.g. I’m surprised at what they can play in this heat. 我对他们能在这样的高温下演奏感到惊讶。. II. 作定语 1. 作前置定语 表示被修饰名词的目的或用途。 a running star(以为跑步明星）, a swimming pool，English-speaking students（说英语的学生) ,drinking water(饮用水 the disabled people (残疾人)the missed lesson(落下的课) endangered animals (濒危动物)the burned area（被烧毁的区域） 2. 作后置定语 e.g. Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball. 看这群正在打沙滩排球的人。 Toys are not the only things made in China. 玩具并不是中国制造的唯一物品。 There aren’t many of them left. 剩下的数量不多了。 随堂练习 一、单词拼写 1．（24-25常州·阶段检测）There is a reporter ________ (interview) the famous actor over there. 2．（24-25常州·阶段检测）When I looked through the window, I found the baby himself ________ (lie) in bed quietly. 3．（2026·江苏·模拟预测）The firemen worked hard to stop the fire ________ to other buildings. （扩散） 4．（26-27南通期中）The girl ________ (call) Lucy is my best friend. 5．（26-27扬州·单元测试）________ (continue) training helps improve your sports skills fast. 6．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）Sarah understood no one was ________ (bear) perfect—we all improve through practice. 7．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）If the computer ________ (connect) to the Internet doesn’t work, you can ask him for help. 8．（25-26宿迁·阶段检测）Full River Red, ________ (导演) by Zhang Yimou, tells a legendary (传奇的) story in the Southern Song Dynasty. 二、单项选择 9．（26-27徐州·阶段检测）—I regret ________ with my parents about my hobbies last night. —You should say sorry to them. A．argue B．arguing C．argued D．to argue 10．（25-26徐州·期中）— Why doesn’t Sarah go to the party with us? — She prefers ________ at the library to chatting with strangers. A．study B．studying C．to study D．to studying 11．（25-26常州·期中）—Does Handsome Yang (杨瀚森) have difficulty ________ basketball in the NBA? —No. I never doubted ________ he is a perfect basketball player. A．playing; that B．play; whether C．play; that D．playing; if 12．（25-26徐州·阶段检测）We should pay more attention ________ our education. A．to develop B．to developing C．for developing D．for develop 13．（25-26徐州·阶段检测）The computer requires ________. I think I need ________ to ask Mr Zhang for help. A．fixing; going B．to fix; going C．fixing; to go D．to fix; to go 14．（25-26常州·阶段检测）He devoted what he paid attention to ________ it possible for women ________ better education. A．making; to receive B．making; receiving C．to making; to receive D．to making; receiving 15．（25-26常州·阶段检测）I never doubt ________ the song is well worth ________. A．whether; listening B．that; listening to C．if; to listen D．that; to listen 16．（25-26常州·阶段检测）When he came into the room, he found the book still ________ where he laid it. A．lying B．lied C．to lie D．lain 17．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）There were several expensive suits ________ in the wardrobe. A．were hanging B．hanging C．hanged D．hang 18．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）The boy ________ on the playground ________ to his trainer that he was hurt badly. A．lying; lied B．lied; lay C．lying; lay D．lied; lied 19．（25-26常州·阶段检测）He was seen ________ in the park at 8:00 yesterday morning. A．walking B．walk C．walked D．to walk 20．（25-26镇江·阶段检测）The railway ________ Qinghai to Tibet is the longest plateau (高原) railway in the world. A．connected B．connects C．connecting D．is connected 21．（25-26扬州·阶段检测）—Do you often see the girl ________ fruit at the school gate? —Yes. But yesterday she was seen ________ empty bottles when I entered the classroom. A．sell; pick B．selling; picking C．to sell; to pick D．sell; picking 22．（25-26镇江·期中）The Grand Canal (大运河), ________ the north and south of China, has a history of over 2,500 years. A．to connect B．is connecting C．connected D．connecting 23．（25-26泰州·期末）________ is often used when we read newspapers quickly to get the general news of the day. A．Scanning B．Skimming C．Predicting D．Guessing 24．（25-26扬州·阶段检测）________ this report ________ in such a short time was quite difficult. A．Get; done B．To get; to do C．Getting; done D．To get; do 25．（2025镇江·专题练习）—Could you tell me how to improve my writing? —Well, ________ reading and writing every day is a good way. A．practice B．practicing C．to practicing D．practiced 参考答案 题号 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 答案 B B A B C C B A B A 题号 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 答案 A C D D B C B 1．interviewing 【详解】句意：那边有一名记者正在采访那位著名的演员。主语“reporter”与interview之间是主动关系，且“over there”表明，记者正在采访那位著名的演员，应用现在分词作后置定语，说明记者正在做的动作。故填interviewing。 2．lying 【详解】句意：当我透过窗户看去，我发现小宝宝自己正安静地躺在床上。根据“When I looked through the window”可知，此处是指透过窗户看去的那一瞬间发现宝宝正安静地躺在床上，find sb. doing sth.“发现某人正在做某事”，此处用现在分词作宾语补足语，强调动作正在发生。所给词lie意为“躺”，现在分词形式为lying。 3．spreading 【详解】句意：消防队员努力阻止火势扩散到其他建筑物。表达“扩散”的单词是spread，动词，句中“stop the fire…to other buildings”提示，此处考查：stop sth doing sth“阻止某事/某物……”，固定搭配，指阻止火势扩散到其他建筑物，spread的现在分词形式是spreading。故填spreading。 4．called 【详解】句意：名叫露西的女孩是我最好的朋友。call与girl为被动关系，用过去分词called作后置定语，意为“被叫做……的”，故填called。 5．Continued 【详解】句意：持续的训练有助于快速提高你的运动技能。句中后面已有谓语helps，空格处修饰名词training，需要形容词作定语，continue的过去分词可转化为形容词continued，表示“持续的”，放在句首首字母大写。 6．born 【详解】句意：Sarah明白没有人天生就是完美的——我们都要通过练习进步。固定短语：be born表示“天生；出生”，born是动词bear的过去分词，放在be动词was后构成被动结构，be born perfect意为“天生完美”，故填born。 7．connected 【详解】句意：如果那台连接到互联网的电脑出故障了，你可以向他求助。句中需要非谓语动词作后置定语修饰computer，computer和connect之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。connect的过去分词为connected，故填connected。 8．directed 【详解】句意：由张艺谋执导的《满江红》讲述了一个发生在南宋时期的传奇故事。括号中“导演”对应的英文动词是direct。影片《满江红》和动词direct之间是被动关系：《满江红》“被张艺谋执导”。directed by sb放在名词后作后置定语，表被动含义，相当于定语从句：Full River Red, which was directed by Zhang Yimou。所以填directed。 9．B 【详解】句意：——我后悔昨晚和父母就我的爱好争吵。——你应该向他们道歉。 regret doing sth. 表示“后悔做过某事（事情已经发生）”；regret to do sth. 表示“遗憾要去做某事（事情还没做）”。 句中last night说明争吵这件事已经发生，所以用regret arguing。 10．B 【详解】句意：——莎拉为什么不和我们一起去聚会？——比起和陌生人聊天，她更喜欢在图书馆学习。考查固定搭配。 study学习；studying学习（动名词）；to study去学习（不定式）；to studying错误结构。根据固定搭配：prefer doing sth. to doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事胜过做某事”，to是介词，后面接动名词chatting，所以前面也用动名词studying。 11．A 【详解】句意：——杨瀚森在NBA打篮球有困难吗？——不。我从不怀疑他是一个完美的篮球运动员。 固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”，故第一空填playing；doubt用在否定句I never doubted中，表示“毫不怀疑”，后接宾语从句用that引导，表示确定的事实，故第二空填that。 12．B 【详解】句意：我们应该更加关注发展我们的教育。 pay attention to意为“注意，关注”，其中to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。B项符合pay attention to doing sth.结构。应填to developing。 13．C 【详解】句意：这台电脑需要修理，我想我需要去找张先生帮忙。 require doing sth.意为“需要被做”，表被动；need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”，表主动。第一空主语The computer与fix之间是被动关系，故用fixing；第二空主语I与go之间是主动关系，故用to go。 14．C 【详解】句意：他致力于他所关注的事情，致力于使得妇女接受更好的教育成为可能。 devote...to doing sth.意为“把……致力于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词making，句中what he paid attention to作devote的宾语，故第一空填to making；make it possible for sb. to do sth.意为“使某人做某事成为可能”，it是形式宾语，不定式to receive作真正宾语，故第二空填to receive。 15．B 【详解】句意：我从不怀疑这首歌很值得听。 主句I never doubt是否定句，表示“不怀疑”，宾语从句用that引导，排除选项A和C；be worth doing意为“值得做某事”，后接动名词形式，且listen为不及物动词，其后接宾语时需加介词to，即listening to，排除选项D。故选B。 16．A 【详解】句意：当他走进房间时，他发现书仍然在他当初放的地方。 lying位于，现在分词；lied说谎，过去式；to lie不定式；lain躺，过去分词。本句结构为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”，根据“书还在某处”可知，需用现在分词lying表示状态。 17．B 【详解】句意：衣柜里挂着几套昂贵的西装。 句子中已有谓语动词“were”，空处需用非谓语动词形式修饰suits。suits与hang之间是主动关系，表示“挂着”的状态，故用现在分词hanging。A项为谓语形式，造成双谓语错误；C项hanged意为“被绞死”，不符合语境；D项为动词原形，语法错误。 18．A 【详解】句意：躺在操场上的男孩向他的教练撒谎说他伤得很重。 lying躺（现在分词形式）；lied说谎（过去式或过去分词形式）；lay躺（过去式形式），放置（动词原形）。第一个空需要填入一个现在分词作后置定语，修饰“The boy”，表示“躺在操场上的男孩”；第二个空需要填入一个动词作谓语，表示“对教练说谎”，且根据语境可知，这个动作已经发生，因此应使用过去式lied。 19．A 【详解】句意：昨天早上八点，他被看见正在公园里散步。 考查非谓语动词。根据“at 8:00 yesterday morning”这一具体的时间点可知，此处强调在过去某一时刻动作正处于发生的过程中，应用现在分词形式。在感官动词see的被动语态中，固定结构“sb. be seen doing sth.”意为“某人被看见正在做某事”，符合语境。故选A。 20．C 【详解】句意：连接青海和西藏的铁路是世界上最长的高原铁路。 考查非谓语动词。connected连接，过去式或过去分词；connects连接，第三人称单数形式；connecting连接，现在分词或动名词；is connected被连接，一般现在时的被动语态。根据“The railway…Qinghai to Tibet”可知，此处用现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词railway。故选C。 21．D 【详解】句意：——你经常看到这个女孩在学校门口卖水果吗？——是的。但昨天当我进教室时，看到她正在捡空瓶子。 考查非谓语动词。根据问句中“often”可知，此处表示反复发生的动作，see sb. do sth.“看到某人做某事”，表示经常或习惯性的动作，因此第一空填sell；根据“when I entered the classroom”可知，答句表示进教室时女孩正在进行的动作，see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”，因此第二空填picking。故选D。 22．D 【详解】句意：大运河连接中国南北，有2500多年的历史。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The Grand Canal has a history...”可知，空格处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰主语，且该非谓语动词与句子主语是主动关系，故用现在分词doing，即connecting。故选D。 23．B 【详解】句意：当我们快速阅读报纸以获取当日新闻的大致内容时，经常使用略读。 考查动名词辨析。Scanning扫读；Skimming略读；Predicting预测；Guessing猜测。根据“read newspapers quickly to get the general news”可知，快速阅读报纸获取大致信息属于“略读”技巧，Skimming“略读”，符合语境。故选B。 24．C 【详解】句意：要在这么短的时间内完成这份报告是相当困难的。 考查非谓语动词辨析。句子缺少主语，动名词或动词不定式可作主语，get sth. done是固定搭配表示“使某事被做”，此处用动名词Getting作主语，第二空用done构成固定搭配，故选C。 25．B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何提高我的写作吗？ ——嗯，每天练习阅读和写作是一个好方法。 考查非谓语动词。practice练习，动词原形；practicing练习，动名词/现在分词；to practicing语法错误；practiced练习，过去式/过去分词。根据“...reading and writing every day is...”可知，此处缺少主语，应用动名词作主语。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 九上Unit4 Grammar【原卷版】 非谓语动词形式之动词 - ing 式及 - ed 式的用法 - ing(动名词，名词特性） 作主语 动名词作主语 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 公共标语 No parking. 句型：There's no use/ need/good doing sth. It作形式主语，动词ing作真主语，例如it is adj doing sth 作宾语 (1)动宾：部分动词后接doing/to do，含义不同(remember/forget/stop等) (2)介宾 常见短语，如look forward to doing -ing/-ed(分词，形容词特性） 作宾语补足语 作感官动词的宾语补足语，感官动词宾补：see somebody doing（动作正在发生）；see somebody do（动作全过程/经常性动作） 此外，-ed也可以作宾语补足语，如make me understood by everyone 作表语 -ed结尾的形容词，”感到“描述人的感受，如be amazed at； -ing“令人”描述事物的性质，令人... The news is amazing. 作定语 （1）前置定语：表示被修饰名词的目的或用途。the disabled people；running water (2)后置定语 相当于定语从句 a boy called Tom或是 this group of people playing beach volleyball 这群正在玩沙滩排球的人 动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的基本用法名词特性 (一) 动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的名词特性 作主语：动词 -ing 式 (动名词) 在句中起名词的作用，也即是说，动名词是名词的对应语。 e.g. Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 (此时泛指有意义的行为或一般行为) e.g. ___________ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me. e.g. I think ___________ (do) chores is not so difficult. 笔记补充：在简短的警示性公共用语或揭示语中常用 v.-ing 式。 e.g. No smoking. 禁止吸烟。 No talking.禁止喧哗。 【提升】①在 “There's no good /use/need…” 句型中，其后常用 v.-ing 式作主语。 e.g. There's no need ___________ (talk) to her. (no 的作用是使句意表否定或消极意义) ②在 “it's +(表语形容词)……” 句型中，常将真正的主语 (即：动名词) 置于句尾。 e.g. It's nice working with you. 和你共事真好。 It's useless ___________ (call) him up at this moment. 动词特性 （二）动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的动词特性 I. 作宾语 1. 作动词的宾语 e.g. I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. 类似的 (短语) 动词还有 avoid, can't help…(情不自禁做某事）, can't stand…（受不了某事）, continue, end up（最终做了某事）, enjoy, excuse（宽恕某事）, finish, give up…, imagine, keep on…(继续做某事), mind, miss, pardon, practice, prefer（更喜欢做某事）, put off…（延缓做某事）, regret, take up…（开始从事某事） 等。 e.g. He realized that Americans can hardly avoid___________ (buy) products made in China.他意识到美国人几乎很难不买中国制造的产品。 Most students hope to continue ___________ (study) after finishing school. 大多数学生希望毕业后继续学习。 ②某些动词后既可用 -ing 式，又可用不定式，但二者意义不相同。现区别如下，如：forget /remember, go on, mean, regret, stop, try 等。 e.g. Jim forgot to close the window.吉姆忘记去关窗。 = Jim forgot that he should close the window. Jim forgot closing the window.吉姆忘记自己已经关过窗了。 (= Jim forgot he had closed the window.) 【识记口诀】一 “忘” 一 “记” 同用法，意相反。 无论 forget /remember 与否，若后跟事件已经发生，就用v-ing；若后跟事件尚未发生，就用不定式。 类似动词列举如下：go on to do sth. 接着干 (另一事)； go on doing sth. 继续 (干某事) mean to do sth. 打算 (干某事)；mean doing sth. 意味着 (干某事) regret to do sth. 遗憾 (没干的事)； regret doing sth. 悔恨 (干过的事) stop to do sth. 停下来 (干某事)； stop doing sth. 停止干某事 try to do sth. 试图、设法 (干某事)；try doing sth. 试着 (干某事） ●在 like /hate/prefer 等词后作宾语，doing 表习惯性爱好；to do 表某次特定行为。 e.g. What does Anna like doing in the zoo? 安娜喜欢在动物园里做什么？（侧重长期爱好） 【附】初中英语常用的后跟 -ing 式的 (短语) 动词，按动名词的特点分组如下： ①后跟动名词的有：consider, enjoy, finish, imagine(想象), keep, mind(介意), miss(错过), practice 等。 e.g. For your next vacation, why not consider ___________ (visit) Paris? ③某些动词后跟 -ing 式表示 “形主意被” 的词：need, want, require。 e.g. The trees need watering.树需要浇水。 (= The trees need to be watered.) Your composition still requires ___________ (improve) a lot. 你的作文还有很多地方需要修改。 判定标准：人作主语，该词后跟不定式表主动；物作主语，该词后跟 v.-ing 式表被动。 2. 作介词宾语 动词作介词的宾语时要用 v.-ing 式 (即：介词后面的动词要用动名词形式)。 e.g. You need to brush your teeth after eating to have good teeth.吃完东西你要刷牙，才能拥有健康的牙齿。 常见短语如下： be used to doing sth.：习惯于 (干某事)。 have + 名词 (in) doing sth. (非正式英语中常省略介词 in) (干某事) 有……，常见名词有 difficulty, fun, trouble, problems 和短语 difficulty, good /great/nice time 等。 look forward to doing sth.：盼望 (干某事)；非常期待 (干某事)。 pay attention to doing sth.：注意…… play a role in doing sth.：在…… 起作用 / 有影响。 make a contribution to doing sth.：为…… 做贡献。 spend time /money (in) doing sth.：为…… 花费时间 / 金钱。 常见短语如下： be used to doing sth.：习惯于 (干某事)。 have + 名词 (in) doing sth. (非正式英语中常省略介词 in) (干某事) 有……，常见名词有 difficulty, fun, trouble, problems 和短语 difficulty, good /great/nice time 等。 look forward to doing sth.：盼望 (干某事)；非常期待 (干某事)。 pay attention to doing sth.：注意…… play a role in doing sth.：在…… 起作用 / 有影响。 make a contribution to doing sth.：为…… 做贡献。 spend time /money (in) doing sth.：为…… 花费时间 / 金钱。 II. 作宾补 v.-ing 式 (现在分词) 作宾补表示该动作正在发生或处在发生过程中，相当于进行时态。 e.g. I used to see him reading in the library every day. 我过去常常看见他在图书馆看书。 笔记: v.-ing 式作宾补时，宾语是该动作事实上的逻辑主语。 【强调】①“感官动词” 后既可用动词 v.-ing 式作宾补，表示正在进行的动作；也可以用 “不带 to 不定式” 作宾补，表示动作的全过程。 e.g. When we looked out of the tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire. 当我们向帐篷外望去，看见一条大蛇正卧在火堆旁睡觉。 Sam heard a girl sing in the next room. (表示动作的全过程) 山姆听见隔壁房间的女孩唱歌。 有时，感官动词也可用 -ed 式作宾补，如： I heard my name called. 我听见有人叫我的名字。 注意：若感官动词变为被动式，原来后跟的动名词保持不变，而若是不带 to 不定式 (即动词原形)，则要改为带 to 不定式。 e.g. She was seen ________（work) in the factory at 8p.m. yesterday. 昨晚八点有人看见她正在工厂里工作。 Jeff was heard ________（sing) songs inside the room. 有人听见杰夫在房间里唱歌。 上两例的主动语态分别是： We saw her working in the factoryat 8p.m. yesterday. All the other students heard Jeff sing songs inside the room. ②“使” 动词 (主动式) 后跟的宾语，若与宾补是主动关系时用原形 (此处不再赘述)；若与宾补是被动关系时，则用 -ed 式，如：“have /get + 名词 / 代词 + -ed 式” 表示 “请 / 让 (别人) 做某事。 e.g. I had the picture taken just now.我刚才请人拍了这张照片。 make oneself done: 使自己本身被…… e.g. Finally, I made myself understood by everyone. 最终我让所有人都理解了我。这种 “请 / 让 (别人) 做某事” 的情况，也可直接用主动语态来表达。 形容词特性 （三）动词 - ing 式与 - ed 式的形容词特性 I. 作表语 e.g. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上举止得体。 His leg is broken. 他的腿受伤了。 现列举 由v.-ed 构成、表示感受的短语，如： be amused at (对…… 感到有趣)， be excited about, be interested in, be mad at (= be angry with)对...愤怒, be terrified of (= be scared of)对…… 感到恐惧, be tired of (对…… 感到厌倦), be worried about对...感到担忧 等。 e.g. I'm surprised at what they can play in this heat. 我对他们能在这样的高温下演奏感到惊讶。. II. 作定语 1. 作前置定语 表示被修饰名词的目的或用途。 a running star(以为跑步明星）, a swimming pool，English-speaking students（说英语的学生) ,drinking water(饮用水 the disabled people (残疾人)the missed lesson(落下的课) endangered animals (濒危动物)the burned area（被烧毁的区域） 2. 作后置定语 e.g. Look at this group of people playing beach volleyball. 看这群正在打沙滩排球的人。 Toys are not the only things made in China. 玩具并不是中国制造的唯一物品。 There aren't many of them left. 剩下的数量不多了。 随堂练习 一、单词拼写 1．（24-25常州·阶段检测）There is a reporter ________ (interview) the famous actor over there. 2．（24-25常州·阶段检测）When I looked through the window, I found the baby himself ________ (lie) in bed quietly. 3．（2026·江苏·模拟预测）The firemen worked hard to stop the fire ________ to other buildings. （扩散） 4．（26-27南通期中）The girl ________ (call) Lucy is my best friend. 5．（26-27扬州·单元测试）________ (continue) training helps improve your sports skills fast. 6．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）Sarah understood no one was ________ (bear) perfect—we all improve through practice. 7．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）If the computer ________ (connect) to the Internet doesn't work, you can ask him for help. 8．（25-26宿迁·阶段检测）Full River Red, ________ (导演) by Zhang Yimou, tells a legendary (传奇的) story in the Southern Song Dynasty. 二、单项选择 9．（26-27徐州·阶段检测）—I regret ________ with my parents about my hobbies last night. —You should say sorry to them. A．argue B．arguing C．argued D．to argue 10．（25-26徐州·期中）— Why doesn't Sarah go to the party with us? — She prefers ________ at the library to chatting with strangers. A．study B．studying C．to study D．to studying 11．（25-26常州·期中）—Does Handsome Yang (杨瀚森) have difficulty ________ basketball in the NBA? —No. I never doubted ________ he is a perfect basketball player. A．playing; that B．play; whether C．play; that D．playing; if 12．（25-26徐州·阶段检测）We should pay more attention ________ our education. A．to develop B．to developing C．for developing D．for develop 13．（25-26徐州·阶段检测）The computer requires ________. I think I need ________ to ask Mr Zhang for help. A．fixing; going B．to fix; going C．fixing; to go D．to fix; to go 14．（25-26常州·阶段检测）He devoted what he paid attention to ________ it possible for women ________ better education. A．making; to receive B．making; receiving C．to making; to receive D．to making; receiving 15．（25-26常州·阶段检测）I never doubt ________ the song is well worth ________. A．whether; listening B．that; listening to C．if; to listen D．that; to listen 16．（25-26常州·阶段检测）When he came into the room, he found the book still ________ where he laid it. A．lying B．lied C．to lie D．lain 17．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）There were several expensive suits ________ in the wardrobe. A．were hanging B．hanging C．hanged D．hang 18．（25-26无锡·阶段检测）The boy ________ on the playground ________ to his trainer that he was hurt badly. A．lying; lied B．lied; lay C．lying; lay D．lied; lied 19．（25-26常州·阶段检测）He was seen ________ in the park at 8:00 yesterday morning. A．walking B．walk C．walked D．to walk 20．（25-26镇江·阶段检测）The railway ________ Qinghai to Tibet is the longest plateau (高原) railway in the world. A．connected B．connects C．connecting D．is connected 21．（25-26扬州·阶段检测）—Do you often see the girl ________ fruit at the school gate? —Yes. But yesterday she was seen ________ empty bottles when I entered the classroom. A．sell; pick B．selling; picking C．to sell; to pick D．sell; picking 22．（25-26镇江·期中）The Grand Canal (大运河), ________ the north and south of China, has a history of over 2,500 years. A．to connect B．is connecting C．connected D．connecting 23．（25-26泰州·期末）________ is often used when we read newspapers quickly to get the general news of the day. A．Scanning B．Skimming C．Predicting D．Guessing 24．（25-26扬州·阶段检测）________ this report ________ in such a short time was quite difficult. A．Get; done B．To get; to do C．Getting; done D．To get; do 25．（2025镇江·专题练习）—Could you tell me how to improve my writing? —Well, ________ reading and writing every day is a good way. A．practice B．practicing C．to practicing D．practiced 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $