高中英语单元测试——Unit 3 Conservation（较难版02）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 3 Conservation（较难版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）How does the man stay positive? A．By getting a low-stress job. B．By enjoying delicious food. C．By exercising a lot. 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Recycling clothes. B．Buying new items. C．Caring for pets. 3．（本题1.5分）What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. 4．（本题1.5分）Why does the man intend to buy a new bike? A．To be environment-friendly. B．To save money on fuel costs. C．To stay in fashion. 5．（本题1.5分）What event did the man participate in? A．Waste recycling. B．Beach cleaning. C．Tree planting. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What time of year is it probably right now? A．The end of April. B．The middle of May. C．Early June. 7．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest doing to help the environment? A．Eating less meat. B．Planting more trees. C．Reducing energy use. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What might become a regular activity? A．Tree planting. B．Litter-picking. C．Community gardening. 9．(1.5分)What is the benefit of planting trees according to the woman? A．Keeping the air clean. B．Beautifying the streets. C．Getting people to work together. 10．(1.5分)What does the woman believe is the key to making a better area? A．Support from the local government. B．Education of environmental protection. C．Common responsibilities in the community. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)How does the man sound? A．Anxious. B．Annoyed. C．Helpful. 12．(1.5分)What does the man ask the woman to do in the end? A．Keep a secret. B．Pass on a message. C．Make an appointment. 13．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At the grocer’s. B．At the cleaner’s. C．At the tailor’s. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Father and daughter. B．Teacher and student. C．Government spokesman and villager. 15．(1.5分)What has the woman been doing recently? A．Carrying out her research. B．Planning a trip to the countryside. C．Thinking about the content of her report. 16．(1.5分)What attracts young people to go back to the countryside according to the woman? A．Less stress of running a company. B．More job opportunities. C．Better pay. 17．(1.5分)What does the woman plan to focus on in her writing? A．Rural natural environment. B．Rural social environment. C．Rural business. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What was reported earlier this week? A．A crime. B．A charity sale. C．A car accident. 19．(1.5分)Why did the car accident take place? A．A car suddenly cut in. B．A driver was busy texting. C．The weather was very bad. 20．(1.5分)What will the Richards family talk about? A．Their smart dog Bodi. B．Their sugar-free cookies. C．Funny things about a child. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Plastic Upcycling Workshop Experience Days In Brighton Description We all know that plastic rubbish is bad for our lives. Now is the moment to see waste as a raw material that can be changed into new designs to decorate your home. It’s also a chance to learn about sustainable (可持续的) design with an informal talk and a Q & A．You are of course encouraged to bring your own plastic to recycle. The organizer operates a free collection service at the location where this workshop is based. Artists Weez and Merl are the artists behind this project, who want to challenge the throwaway culture, by showing the beauty of plastic. Rather than shipping huge amounts of plastic waste abroad, why not study the art of heating and shaping, and get hands on with the recycled economy. Details The workshop runs all day from 10 am to 4 or 5 pm. All materials, tools and personal protective equipment will be provided. But we recommend you wear practical warm clothing and footwear that you wouldn’t mind getting dirty. The class is limited to 8 people at most. Throughout the day, tea, coffee, water, and free homemade vegetarian snacks will be offered. Terms & Conditions An e-voucher (电子凭证) will be delivered to your account once your order has been accepted by the seller, usually within 6-12 hours after buying. You will need to create an account at checkout if you do not have one to receive an e-voucher. Booking information for the experience will be provided on the voucher. If you wish to reschedule your booking, the seller needs at least 14 days’ notice. Click here for more information. 21．(2.5分)What will the organizer provide? A．Professional design discussion. B．All materials and equipment. C．Protective clothes and footwear. D．Free drinks and three meals. 22．(2.5分)Why do Weez and Merl make this art? A．To show plastic can be beautiful. B．To sell recycled plastic goods. C．To sell plastic toys. D．To advertise plastic materials. 23．(2.5分)How can participants be informed of their orders? A．By asking the organizer. B．By leaving a note at checkout. C．By referring to the voucher. D．By matching with a bank account. （本题10分）In a mountain village in southwest China, 72-year-old Li Guilin has spent 35 years turning dry hills into a thick forest, an achievement many thought impossible. When Li was a young man in the 1980s, the red soil hills surrounding his village were so poor that even weeds (野草) struggled to grow. Heavy summer rains would rush down the bare slopes, causing mudslides that buried farmland and destroyed adobe houses. “In 1983, a flash flood swept away my neighbor’s three cows and their entire wheat harvest,” Li recalled, gesturing toward the now-green hills. “That night I couldn’t sleep. I knew I had to fix this, even if it took my whole life.” In 1991, Li began his task alone. Every dawn, he would walk 5 kilometers to the nearest spring, carry 20-liter buckets of water up 45-degree slopes, and plant 50 young trees daily. His straw shoes wore through every two weeks, and his palms developed hard skin so thick they felt like tree bark. “Villagers called me ‘the hill fool’,” Li joked. “They said I was wasting time when I should be growing potatoes. Once, my own brother hid my tools to make me stop.” During cold winters, he wrapped saplings (树苗) in straw to protect them from frost, and during droughts, he carried water even when his knees trembled with tiredness. Today, the once-empty hills are covered with over 200,000 trees. The forest now holds 80% more rainfall, and sudden floods haven’t occurred in 15 years. Villagers have planted 50 acres of apple orchards and vegetable patches, increasing annual household (家庭的) income from 800 yuan to over 12,000 yuan. Last spring, 30 university students from Chengdu camped here to learn Li’s tree-planting techniques, and his story has inspired over 2,000 urban volunteers to join reforestation projects across Sichuan province. “I’m just an ordinary farmer,” Li said modestly. “I didn’t do anything special. I just kept going when others gave up. If one person can make a difference, imagine what a group of people can do.” 24．(2.5分)Why did Li Guilin decide to plant trees? A．To follow the villagers’ advice. B．To earn money by selling trees. C．To protect his village from floods. D．To become famous in his hometown. 25．(2.5分)What can we infer from Paragraph 2 about Li Guilin? A．He was strong-willed and patient. B．He was supported by most villagers. C．He had rich experience in planting trees. D．He gave up several times due to difficulties. 26．(2.5分)What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Villagers started to grow fruit trees and vegetables. B．Li Guilin planted more than 200,000 trees in 35 years. C．Li Guilin’s efforts brought great changes to his village. D．Young people came to learn tree-planting from Li Guilin. 27．(2.5分)What message does Li Guilin’s story convey? A．Old people are wiser than young people. B．Wealth comes from nothing but hard work. C．Environmental protection is everyone’s duty. D．Determination can lead to extraordinary results. （本题10分）The old saying may be true: What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. At least that’s the case for human civilizations across 30,000 years of history, according to a new analysis published in Nature. Study leader Philip Riris and his team found that, the more often a population experiences disturbances or downturns, the more likely it is to be able to recover faster the next time around. “It’s an important paper,” said Dagomar Degroot, an associate professor who was not involved in the research. “There is a lot of really influential work on the collapse of societies,” said Degroot, “but a focus on resilience (恢复力) and only resilience is exiguous.” Historians and archaeologists (考古学家) have published many case studies on individual societal crises, Riris agreed. But it’s hard to compare these experiences across space and time. He and his team pulled together data from 16 separate archaeological sites around the globe with data stretching back as far as 30,000 years ago. The team found most of the downturns in the study lasted many decades and had a variety of causes, ranging from environmental change to societal upheaval (动乱).“The winners did better during a crisis, either because they were just lucky or they had some sort of technology or practice or behavior,” Riris said. “After the disturbance, they were more likely to pass down that learning, that aspect of culture that would enable their future generations to do better down the line.” “The archaeological findings go well with historical case studies. Whether modern humans can pull directly from these lessons remains to be doubted,” Degroot said. “All of the societies in the study were preindustrial and might have little in common with today’s global order.” However, Riris said, the ability to compare societies and look for patterns is important. “It provides a framework that will allow resilience to be tackled systematically,” he said. 28．(2.5分)What did Riris’s new study reveal? A．Humans have a long history of disturbances. B．Hard times boost human societies’ resilience. C．Human resilience frees them from downturns. D．Societal collapses are unavoidable over long periods. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “exiguous” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Scientific. B．Rare. C．Understandable. D．Dull. 30．(2.5分)What do we know about societies that survived a disturbance? A．They tended to hand their experience down. B．They were more likely to have great learning ability. C．They would go through fewer societal upheavals. D．They would have favorable environmental conditions. 31．(2.5分)What is Degroot’s attitude towards the findings? A．Unclear. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Objective. （本题10分）A selfie taken by a wild monkey is at the center of a heated copyright dispute (争端) between a photographer and the website Wikimedia Commons. The central question is: Can a photographer who owns the camera claim ownership of photos actually taken by an animal? British wildlife photographer David Slater, whose camera was used by an Indonesian monkey to take its selfie, has said he owns the copyright. However, Andrew Bridges, an expert in copyright law, said Slater likely isn’t the copyright owner because he didn’t have sufficient artistic control over the photo. Copyright requires original creative expression of a work. This is true not only in the U. S., but also in Great Britain and Indonesia. Since Slater didn’t have creative control over the monkey and didn’t actually frame the images, he legally (合法) might not be considered to have been involved in the creative process. The image in question is one of the most popular images on Wikimedia Commons. Slater was on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi taking photographs. A curious monkey approached Slater’s cameras and began using them to take a variety of pictures, including one of itself. “They were quite mischievous, jumping all over my equipment and it looked like they were already posing for the camera when one hit the button,” Slater said. It’s such a funny picture that it became a big hit on the Internet and eventually found its way to Wikimedia Commons, where people were free to download it. However, Slater said Wiki-media was hurting him financially (经济上), and he demanded the website remove the image because he was the copyright owner. Wikimedia has refused because, it claims, Slater didn’t take the image and, therefore, he isn’t the copyright owner. The monkey can’t hold copyright, so the image should belong to the public. Some wildlife protectors say they can claim the copyright on behalf of the animals. 32．(2.5分)What does Andrew Bridges think about Slater’s claim to the copyright of the photo? A．Slater is the rightful owner. B．Slater likely isn’t the copyright owner. C．Slater should share the copyright with the monkey. D．Slater can claim the copyright if he edits the photo later. 33．(2.5分)What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to take good photographs of wild animals. B．The importance of protecting wildlife in Indonesia. C．A copyright dispute over a selfie taken by a monkey. D．The impact of social media on photographers’ income. 34．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “mischievous” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Naughty. B．Friendly. C．Frightened. D．Tired. 35．(2.5分)What is the author’s primary intention in discussing the copyright dispute over the monkey’s selfie? A．To argue for stricter copyright laws. B．To encourage the use of free images on the internet. C．To highlight the importance of wildlife conservation. D．To question the definition of artistic control in copyright law. （本题12.5分）The Lipstick Effect In 2020, the world fell into an economic downturn as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. 36(2.5分) During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure (支出), as people everywhere feel restricted to making only “essential” purchases. However, a curious phenomenon known as the “lipstick effect” can often be observed. The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. 37(2.5分) However, many still find the cash for purchases of small luxury items, such as lipstick. This phenomenon was termed the “lipstick effect” in 2001 by Leonard Lauder, chairman of luxury cosmetic company Estée Lauder. He had not only witnessed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especially evident in the case of lipstick and other cosmetic products. 38(2.5分) First and perhaps most obviously, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity. Another theory has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. 39(2.5分) 40(2.5分) During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetics in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around. A．What does lipstick tell us about the economy? B．They do not have enough to spend on big-ticket luxury items. C．The lipstick effect is a behavior that reflects economic conditions and emotional states. D．So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash justify making such purchases? E．By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews. F．Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived trend. G．Under these circumstances, millions of people suddenly found themselves facing financial insecurity. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride, and I longed for a huge adventure. I was 41 that this adventure would be sort of like a personal 42 . I also saw it as a(n) 43 to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest. 44 , I wanted to ride my bike to Alaska alone, but then I 45 that it would be way more fun to do it with a friend, so I called Alex. It was a(n) 46 adventure, and we did a lot of cool things. 47 , what I saw made me sad. We got to see the human 48 on nature in a way that I just hadn’t been exposed to before. I had a false 49 that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there. We biked 2,400 miles, and it turned out that basically the only places that remained 50 were the national parks. Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted. The town we 51 through gets bigger 52 cutting down all the trees. 53 all this human impact, I strongly felt how much of the world we’ve already 54 . I guess that the only places on Earth that have not had 55 human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach. I thought a lot about it. It’s one of those things where you have to decide between doing something that’s totally green or you can tell an inspiring story. 41．(1分)A．pitiful B．hopeful C．grateful D．mindful 42．(1分)A．transformation B．passion C．transportation D．solution 43．(1分)A．security B．advertisement C．opportunity D．commitment 44．(1分)A．Potentially B．Abnormally C．Gradually D．Originally 45．(1分)A．realized B．detected C．denied D．recommended 46．(1分)A．identical B．remarkable C．embarrassing D．academic 47．(1分)A．Meanwhile B．Therefore C．Perhaps D．Otherwise 48．(1分)A．extract B．reflection C．impact D．affection 49．(1分)A．prediction B．interaction C．decision D．perception 50．(1分)A．unbalanced B．uncontrolled C．untouched D．unfinished 51．(1分)A．ran B．worked C．cut D．biked 52．(1分)A．with the objective of B．at the expense of C．without D．within 53．(1分)A．Advocating B．Favoring C．Witnessing D．Approving 54．(1分)A．destroyed B．protected C．explored D．polluted 55．(1分)A．relevant B．instant C．efficient D．vast 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The restoration of polar ecosystems, a task far more challenging than 56(1.5分) (predict) by early environmentalists, has emerged as a global priority in recent decades. Unlike conventional conservation projects, 57(1.5分) focus on single species protection, this initiative aims to rebuild entire food webs, a goal that demands 58(1.5分) (cooperate) across scientific disciplines and national borders. The Arctic fox, one of the region’s most vulnerable species, 59(1.5分) (push) to the brink of local extinction due to habitat loss and climate change, but recent efforts 60(1.5分) (yield) promising results so far. What makes this project stand out is its emphasis on indigenous knowledge. Local communities, 61(1.5分) (live) in harmony with polar regions for millennia, possess insights that modern science alone cannot provide. For instance, their traditional methods of tracking ice floe movements have helped researchers identify areas where reintroduction programs are 62(1.5分) (likely) to succeed. Critics, however, warn that rapid intervention may disrupt natural processes, 63(1.5分) (argue) that ecosystems should be left to recover on their own. 64(1.5分) debates continue to rage, one thing is certain: the fate of polar ecosystems is intertwined with human actions. Only by combining scientific innovation with traditional wisdom 65(1.5分) we ensure the survival of these unique landscapes for future generations. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John的原创歌曲在网络上迅速走红，他正在考虑如何平衡自己的学习和音乐梦想，为此发来邮件询问你的建议。请你写信给他回复，内容包括： （1）你的建议； （2）你的理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右。 （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo had always been a true city boy, more familiar with the constant noise of traffic than the songs of birds. When his parents announced their move to a small house near the edge of a steadily shrinking forest, he felt astonished and angry. The silence of the countryside felt upsetting rather than peaceful. During his first week, he spent most of his time indoors, glued to his screens, until his mother insisted that he get some fresh air. Reluctantly, Leo ventured into the woods behind their property. After walking for about ten minutes, he stumbled upon a clearing that broke his heart. Instead of natural beauty, he found a dumping ground — plastic bottles glittered in the sun, discarded packaging tangled in the undergrowth, and a faint sour smell hung in the air. In the center stood a lone, young oak tree, its leaves looking dusty and tired, struggling to survive amidst the pollution. Something about this determined tree, fighting for life in such unwelcoming surroundings, stirred a strange sense of protectiveness in him. He felt a connection he hadn’t expected. The following weekend, Leo returned armed with a large garbage bag and a pair of gardening gloves. As he carefully collected the waste, his eyes caught sight of a delicate bird’s nest lying on the ground near the base of the oak tree. Inside rested a single, perfect egg, unbroken but vulnerable. His heart sank with worry. Remembering a nature documentary, he used his gloved hands to gently place the nest back in the lower branches, hoping the parents would return. He started visiting the clearing daily, quietly observing from a distance. Soon, he realized his well-intentioned presence often scared away a curious fox that liked to dig near the tree. He began to understand he was still an outsider here, a well-meaning but disruptive force in this delicate ecosystem. His initial excitement turned into frustration; he wanted to help but feared his efforts were insufficient or even harmful. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One morning, Leo found the nest on the ground again, but this time the egg was sadly cracked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks later, watching from his window, Leo saw a movement near the oak tree that made him smile. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 3 Conservation（较难版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）How does the man stay positive? A．By getting a low-stress job. B．By enjoying delicious food. C．By exercising a lot. 【答案】C 【原文】W: You always seem positive, despite the obvious pressures of work. Don’t you ever feel stressed? M: Sure I do, but I make sure my work-life balance is healthy. My diet isn’t healthy enough, but I often go for walks in nature, and I go running regularly. 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Recycling clothes. B．Buying new items. C．Caring for pets. 【答案】A 【原文】M: These old T-shirts can be cut into cleaning cloths. W: Smart! We could also sew the jeans into shopping bags. M: Don’t overlook the wool sweaters. They make great pet bed covers. 3．（本题1.5分）What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. 【答案】A 【原文】W: We should pay attention to our influences on the places we visit. Any ideas on how to be responsible tourists? M: Yes, we can start from small things like stopping throwing rubbish around. W: You’re right, we must protect the local environment. 4．（本题1.5分）Why does the man intend to buy a new bike? A．To be environment-friendly. B．To save money on fuel costs. C．To stay in fashion. 【答案】A 【原文】M: What a fashionable car you’ve got! W: Thanks. I’ve always wanted an electric one to try and save the planet. You know, we only have one planet. M: I guess you’re right. I might get an electric bike to replace my motorbike, as I can’t drive. 5．（本题1.5分）What event did the man participate in? A．Waste recycling. B．Beach cleaning. C．Tree planting. 【答案】B 【原文】W: So, what’s next with the environment club, Sammy? Tree planting? M: Well, we just collected beach rubbish and learned about keeping our oceans clean. So, this time we’re into the forest for clean-up. Maybe we’ll find some recyclable garbage this weekend. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What time of year is it probably right now? A．The end of April. B．The middle of May. C．Early June. 7．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest doing to help the environment? A．Eating less meat. B．Planting more trees. C．Reducing energy use. 【答案】6．A 7．B 【原文】W: The weather is getting hotter every year. It’s not even May yet, and it already feels like summer. M: Yes, climate change is real for sure. W: Right. I’m really worried about the future. What do you think people should do? M: Well, reducing energy use at home is a start, like turning off lights when not in use. W: That’s a good idea, and planting trees could help, too. M: Definitely. Even planting one tree can make a difference over time. I’ve also heard eating less meat helps. W: True, but it’s hard for some people to change their diet completely, maybe just cutting back a bit. M: Yeah, small steps are better than nothing. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What might become a regular activity? A．Tree planting. B．Litter-picking. C．Community gardening. 9．(1.5分)What is the benefit of planting trees according to the woman? A．Keeping the air clean. B．Beautifying the streets. C．Getting people to work together. 10．(1.5分)What does the woman believe is the key to making a better area? A．Support from the local government. B．Education of environmental protection. C．Common responsibilities in the community. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 【原文】M: We should do something to make our community more environmentally friendly. W: Maybe we could start a community garden to raise people’s attention. M: That’s a good idea. It would bring people together too. W: We could organize some regular activities like picking up rubbish as well. M: Why not? Let’s set an example by helping keep the streets clean and tidy. W: And what about planting more trees along the streets? Trees improve air quality. Each of us should take on our responsibilities. M: That’s what we badly need! The local government should call for environmental protection. W: Most importantly, it’s up to us, the people who live here, to make it a nicer area. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)How does the man sound? A．Anxious. B．Annoyed. C．Helpful. 12．(1.5分)What does the man ask the woman to do in the end? A．Keep a secret. B．Pass on a message. C．Make an appointment. 13．(1.5分)Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At the grocer’s. B．At the cleaner’s. C．At the tailor’s. 【答案】11．A 12．A 13．B 【原文】M: Hi, Mrs. Helmore. I have an emergency! W: Hello, Mr. Henderson. What can I do for you? M: This dress needs dry-cleaning as soon as possible! W: OK, I can have it ready by the end of the week. M: But I need to pick it up tomorrow. I accidentally spilled beer all over my wife’s dress and she has a party to attend tomorrow evening! She’ll be angry with me! W: OK, I will try to get it done tomorrow afternoon. But I can’t guarantee I can completely remove the beer stains from the dress. M: Fine. If you meet my wife, please don’t say anything to her about this! W: Okay, I promise. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Father and daughter. B．Teacher and student. C．Government spokesman and villager. 15．(1.5分)What has the woman been doing recently? A．Carrying out her research. B．Planning a trip to the countryside. C．Thinking about the content of her report. 16．(1.5分)What attracts young people to go back to the countryside according to the woman? A．Less stress of running a company. B．More job opportunities. C．Better pay. 17．(1.5分)What does the woman plan to focus on in her writing? A．Rural natural environment. B．Rural social environment. C．Rural business. 【答案】14．B 15．C 16．A 17．C 【原文】M: Okay, Ling, have you decided on a topic for your end-of-year report? W: Yes, Mr. Yang. I want to write about China’s rural revitalization program. M: Okay, great. Have you done any research so far? W: No, I’m still in the planning stage. I’d like to have a good structure decided before I begin writing. M: Okay, tell me what you’re thinking. W: Well, there are many interesting aspects to this program, like environmental and social aspects, although I’m mainly interested in the economic side of things. M: Interesting! Go on. W: My father grew up on a farm. He went to college, but he always said he had no choice but to move to the city if he wanted to use his degree. Now, thanks to this program, the situation is changing.  More young people are returning to their hometowns to start businesses in places with less competition. M: And that’s what you plan to focus on? W: Yes. I believe the government’s plan to improve pay and conditions will turn the countryside into a place of opportunity and growth. M: Well, it’s an interesting topic. I look forward to reading it! （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What was reported earlier this week? A．A crime. B．A charity sale. C．A car accident. 19．(1.5分)Why did the car accident take place? A．A car suddenly cut in. B．A driver was busy texting. C．The weather was very bad. 20．(1.5分)What will the Richards family talk about? A．Their smart dog Bodi. B．Their sugar-free cookies. C．Funny things about a child. 【答案】18．A 19．B 20．A 【原文】W: Good evening. This is Denise Jennings here with the 7:00 News Report. Earlier this week, we brought you the story of two masked men who robbed the downtown bank in Lafayette. They’ve been caught and are currently in prison. Today, there was a three-car accident that happened on Highway One. Two people were rushed to the hospital and fortunately appeared to be in stable condition. The crash was caused by a woman who was texting while driving. She was unable to see the car in front of her. Please don’t text when you are driving, folks! Girl Scout cookies go on sale this week. Girl Scouts are proud to announce that sugar-free cookies will be available. They’ve also introduced some new flavors. When we come back from our commercial break, the Richards family will speak about their dog Bodi, who saved their baby daughter last week. Everything was recorded on videotape. You won’t want to miss the interview. Plus, Bodi is also here in the studio. And after that, we’ll have the weather report and sports, so stay tuned. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Plastic Upcycling Workshop Experience Days In Brighton Description We all know that plastic rubbish is bad for our lives. Now is the moment to see waste as a raw material that can be changed into new designs to decorate your home. It’s also a chance to learn about sustainable (可持续的) design with an informal talk and a Q & A．You are of course encouraged to bring your own plastic to recycle. The organizer operates a free collection service at the location where this workshop is based. Artists Weez and Merl are the artists behind this project, who want to challenge the throwaway culture, by showing the beauty of plastic. Rather than shipping huge amounts of plastic waste abroad, why not study the art of heating and shaping, and get hands on with the recycled economy. Details The workshop runs all day from 10 am to 4 or 5 pm. All materials, tools and personal protective equipment will be provided. But we recommend you wear practical warm clothing and footwear that you wouldn’t mind getting dirty. The class is limited to 8 people at most. Throughout the day, tea, coffee, water, and free homemade vegetarian snacks will be offered. Terms & Conditions An e-voucher (电子凭证) will be delivered to your account once your order has been accepted by the seller, usually within 6-12 hours after buying. You will need to create an account at checkout if you do not have one to receive an e-voucher. Booking information for the experience will be provided on the voucher. If you wish to reschedule your booking, the seller needs at least 14 days’ notice. Click here for more information. 21．(2.5分)What will the organizer provide? A．Professional design discussion. B．All materials and equipment. C．Protective clothes and footwear. D．Free drinks and three meals. 22．(2.5分)Why do Weez and Merl make this art? A．To show plastic can be beautiful. B．To sell recycled plastic goods. C．To sell plastic toys. D．To advertise plastic materials. 23．(2.5分)How can participants be informed of their orders? A．By asking the organizer. B．By leaving a note at checkout. C．By referring to the voucher. D．By matching with a bank account. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍布莱顿的塑料升级改造工坊体验日活动，含活动主旨、创办艺术家的理念，还说明活动细节与参与的条款条件等信息。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据Details部分中的“All materials, tools and personal protective equipment will be provided.(所有材料、工具和个人防护装备都将由主办方提供。)”可知，主办方会提供所有的材料和相关装备。故选B项。 22．细节理解题。根据Artists部分中的“Weez and Merl are the artists behind this project, who want to challenge the throwaway culture, by showing the beauty of plastic.(威兹和莫尔是这个项目的艺术家，他们希望通过展示塑料的美来挑战一次性消费文化。)”可知，两位艺术家创作这项艺术的原因是为了展现塑料也可以具有美感。故选A项。 23．细节理解题。根据Terms & Conditions部分中的“An e-voucher will be delivered to your account once your order has been accepted by the seller, usually within 6-12 hours after buying. You will need to create an account at checkout if you do not have one to receive an e-voucher. Booking information for the experience will be provided on the voucher.(一旦卖家接受你的订单，电子凭证通常会在购买后6-12小时内发送至你的账户。如果你没有账户，需要在结账时创建账户以接收电子凭证。该体验的预订信息将在凭证上提供。)”可知，参与者可通过查阅电子凭证了解自己的订单及体验的相关预约信息。故选C项。 （本题10分）In a mountain village in southwest China, 72-year-old Li Guilin has spent 35 years turning dry hills into a thick forest, an achievement many thought impossible. When Li was a young man in the 1980s, the red soil hills surrounding his village were so poor that even weeds (野草) struggled to grow. Heavy summer rains would rush down the bare slopes, causing mudslides that buried farmland and destroyed adobe houses. “In 1983, a flash flood swept away my neighbor’s three cows and their entire wheat harvest,” Li recalled, gesturing toward the now-green hills. “That night I couldn’t sleep. I knew I had to fix this, even if it took my whole life.” In 1991, Li began his task alone. Every dawn, he would walk 5 kilometers to the nearest spring, carry 20-liter buckets of water up 45-degree slopes, and plant 50 young trees daily. His straw shoes wore through every two weeks, and his palms developed hard skin so thick they felt like tree bark. “Villagers called me ‘the hill fool’,” Li joked. “They said I was wasting time when I should be growing potatoes. Once, my own brother hid my tools to make me stop.” During cold winters, he wrapped saplings (树苗) in straw to protect them from frost, and during droughts, he carried water even when his knees trembled with tiredness. Today, the once-empty hills are covered with over 200,000 trees. The forest now holds 80% more rainfall, and sudden floods haven’t occurred in 15 years. Villagers have planted 50 acres of apple orchards and vegetable patches, increasing annual household (家庭的) income from 800 yuan to over 12,000 yuan. Last spring, 30 university students from Chengdu camped here to learn Li’s tree-planting techniques, and his story has inspired over 2,000 urban volunteers to join reforestation projects across Sichuan province. “I’m just an ordinary farmer,” Li said modestly. “I didn’t do anything special. I just kept going when others gave up. If one person can make a difference, imagine what a group of people can do.” 24．(2.5分)Why did Li Guilin decide to plant trees? A．To follow the villagers’ advice. B．To earn money by selling trees. C．To protect his village from floods. D．To become famous in his hometown. 25．(2.5分)What can we infer from Paragraph 2 about Li Guilin? A．He was strong-willed and patient. B．He was supported by most villagers. C．He had rich experience in planting trees. D．He gave up several times due to difficulties. 26．(2.5分)What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．Villagers started to grow fruit trees and vegetables. B．Li Guilin planted more than 200,000 trees in 35 years. C．Li Guilin’s efforts brought great changes to his village. D．Young people came to learn tree-planting from Li Guilin. 27．(2.5分)What message does Li Guilin’s story convey? A．Old people are wiser than young people. B．Wealth comes from nothing but hard work. C．Environmental protection is everyone’s duty. D．Determination can lead to extraordinary results. 【答案】24．C 25．A 26．C 27．D 【导语】文章主要讲述老人李桂林耗时三十五年荒山植树，抵御灾害改善环境，带动乡村发展并激励他人的感人故事。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In 1983, a flash flood swept away my neighbor’s three cows and their entire wheat harvest,” Li recalled, gesturing toward the now-green hills. “That night I couldn’t sleep. I knew I had to fix this, even if it took my whole life.(李桂林望向如今绿意盎然的群山回忆道：1983年，一场山洪冲走了邻居的三头牛和全部小麦收成。那天夜里我彻夜难眠，我必须改变现状，哪怕耗尽一生。)”可知，山洪带来巨大灾害，为保护村庄免受洪水侵袭，他下定决心植树造林。 25．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Every dawn, he would walk 5 kilometers to the nearest spring, carry 20-liter buckets of water up 45-degree slopes, and plant 50 young trees daily.(每天黎明，他步行五公里去往最近的泉水处，挑着二十升的水桶爬上四十五度陡坡，每日栽种五十棵树苗。)”以及“During cold winters, he wrapped saplings in straw to protect them from frost, and during droughts, he carried water even when his knees trembled with tiredness.(寒冬用稻草包裹树苗防冻，干旱时节纵使双腿疲惫颤抖，仍坚持挑水浇灌。)”可知，尽管条件艰苦，他始终坚持每天种树，由此可推断他意志坚定且极具耐心。 26．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Today, the once-empty hills are covered with over 200,000 trees. The forest now holds 80% more rainfall, and sudden floods haven’t occurred in 15 years. Villagers have planted 50 acres of apple orchards and vegetable patches, increasing annual household (家庭的) income from 800 yuan to over 12,000 yuan. (如今荒芜荒山绿树成荫，洪涝灾害绝迹，村民发展种植产业增收，还有学子与志愿者前来学习效仿。)”可知，本段全面讲述李桂林的付出为村庄生态、经济、社会层面带来的巨大改变。 27．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中的“I didn’t do anything special. I just kept going when others gave up. If one person can make a difference, imagine what a group of people can do.(我并没有做惊天动地的事，只是在别人放弃时选择坚持。一人之力尚可创造改变，众人同心更能成就不凡。)”可知，李桂林的故事表明凭借长久的坚持与坚定的意志，平凡人也能创造非凡成就。 （本题10分）The old saying may be true: What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. At least that’s the case for human civilizations across 30,000 years of history, according to a new analysis published in Nature. Study leader Philip Riris and his team found that, the more often a population experiences disturbances or downturns, the more likely it is to be able to recover faster the next time around. “It’s an important paper,” said Dagomar Degroot, an associate professor who was not involved in the research. “There is a lot of really influential work on the collapse of societies,” said Degroot, “but a focus on resilience (恢复力) and only resilience is exiguous.” Historians and archaeologists (考古学家) have published many case studies on individual societal crises, Riris agreed. But it’s hard to compare these experiences across space and time. He and his team pulled together data from 16 separate archaeological sites around the globe with data stretching back as far as 30,000 years ago. The team found most of the downturns in the study lasted many decades and had a variety of causes, ranging from environmental change to societal upheaval (动乱).“The winners did better during a crisis, either because they were just lucky or they had some sort of technology or practice or behavior,” Riris said. “After the disturbance, they were more likely to pass down that learning, that aspect of culture that would enable their future generations to do better down the line.” “The archaeological findings go well with historical case studies. Whether modern humans can pull directly from these lessons remains to be doubted,” Degroot said. “All of the societies in the study were preindustrial and might have little in common with today’s global order.” However, Riris said, the ability to compare societies and look for patterns is important. “It provides a framework that will allow resilience to be tackled systematically,” he said. 28．(2.5分)What did Riris’s new study reveal? A．Humans have a long history of disturbances. B．Hard times boost human societies’ resilience. C．Human resilience frees them from downturns. D．Societal collapses are unavoidable over long periods. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “exiguous” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Scientific. B．Rare. C．Understandable. D．Dull. 30．(2.5分)What do we know about societies that survived a disturbance? A．They tended to hand their experience down. B．They were more likely to have great learning ability. C．They would go through fewer societal upheavals. D．They would have favorable environmental conditions. 31．(2.5分)What is Degroot’s attitude towards the findings? A．Unclear. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Objective. 【答案】28．B 29．B 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文主要介绍的是一项关于人类社会恢复力与历史动荡关系的研究。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Study leader Philip Riris and his team found that, the more often a population experiences disturbances or downturns, the more likely it is to be able to recover faster the next time around. (研究负责人菲利普·里里斯和他的团队发现，一个群体经历动荡或衰退的次数越多，下一次就越有可能更快地恢复。)”可知，艰难时期能够增强人类社会的恢复力。 29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“‘There is a lot of really influential work on the collapse of societies,’ said Degroot, ‘but a focus on resilience (恢复力) and only resilience is exiguous.’ (‘关于社会崩溃有很多真正有影响力的研究，’德格鲁特说，‘但专注于恢复力且仅仅专注于恢复力的研究是exiguous。’)”可知，关于社会崩溃的研究很多，但关于恢复力的研究却很少，exiguous与a lot of形成对比，因此exiguous意为“稀少的、罕见的”。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段“After the disturbance, they were more likely to pass down that learning, that aspect of culture that would enable their future generations to do better down the line. (在动荡之后，他们更有可能把那种经验传下去，传承那种文化方面的东西，使他们的后代在未来做得更好。)”可知，经历过动荡并幸存下来的社会倾向于将经验传承下去。 31．推理判断题。根据第二段“‘It’s an important paper,’ said Dagomar Degroot, an associate professor who was not involved in the research.（‘这是一篇重要的论文，’未参与研究的副教授达戈马尔·德格鲁特说。）”和最后一段“‘The archaeological findings go well with historical case studies. Whether modern humans can pull directly from these lessons remains to be doubted,’ Degroot said. ‘All of the societies in the study were preindustrial and might have little in common with today’s global order.’  (‘考古发现与历史案例研究非常吻合。现代人类能否直接从中汲取教训仍有待怀疑，’德格鲁特说。‘研究中所有社会都是前工业时代的，可能与当今的全球秩序几乎没有共同之处。’)”可知，德格鲁特既肯定了研究的价值，又对其在现代社会的适用性提出了谨慎的质疑，态度是客观的。 （本题10分）A selfie taken by a wild monkey is at the center of a heated copyright dispute (争端) between a photographer and the website Wikimedia Commons. The central question is: Can a photographer who owns the camera claim ownership of photos actually taken by an animal? British wildlife photographer David Slater, whose camera was used by an Indonesian monkey to take its selfie, has said he owns the copyright. However, Andrew Bridges, an expert in copyright law, said Slater likely isn’t the copyright owner because he didn’t have sufficient artistic control over the photo. Copyright requires original creative expression of a work. This is true not only in the U. S., but also in Great Britain and Indonesia. Since Slater didn’t have creative control over the monkey and didn’t actually frame the images, he legally (合法) might not be considered to have been involved in the creative process. The image in question is one of the most popular images on Wikimedia Commons. Slater was on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi taking photographs. A curious monkey approached Slater’s cameras and began using them to take a variety of pictures, including one of itself. “They were quite mischievous, jumping all over my equipment and it looked like they were already posing for the camera when one hit the button,” Slater said. It’s such a funny picture that it became a big hit on the Internet and eventually found its way to Wikimedia Commons, where people were free to download it. However, Slater said Wiki-media was hurting him financially (经济上), and he demanded the website remove the image because he was the copyright owner. Wikimedia has refused because, it claims, Slater didn’t take the image and, therefore, he isn’t the copyright owner. The monkey can’t hold copyright, so the image should belong to the public. Some wildlife protectors say they can claim the copyright on behalf of the animals. 32．(2.5分)What does Andrew Bridges think about Slater’s claim to the copyright of the photo? A．Slater is the rightful owner. B．Slater likely isn’t the copyright owner. C．Slater should share the copyright with the monkey. D．Slater can claim the copyright if he edits the photo later. 33．(2.5分)What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to take good photographs of wild animals. B．The importance of protecting wildlife in Indonesia. C．A copyright dispute over a selfie taken by a monkey. D．The impact of social media on photographers’ income. 34．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “mischievous” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Naughty. B．Friendly. C．Frightened. D．Tired. 35．(2.5分)What is the author’s primary intention in discussing the copyright dispute over the monkey’s selfie? A．To argue for stricter copyright laws. B．To encourage the use of free images on the internet. C．To highlight the importance of wildlife conservation. D．To question the definition of artistic control in copyright law. 【答案】32．B 33．C 34．A 35．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章围绕一张由野生猴子拍摄的自拍照展开，探讨了摄影师David Slater与Wikimedia Commons网站之间关于该照片版权归属的争议，作者旨在通过此案例对版权法中关于艺术控制权的定义提出质疑。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, Andrew Bridges, an expert in copyright law, said Slater likely isn’t the copyright owner because he didn’t have sufficient artistic control over the photo.(然而，版权法专家Andrew Bridges表示，Slater可能不是版权所有者，因为他对这张照片没有足够的艺术控制权。)”可知，Andrew Bridges认为Slater很可能不是版权所有者，故选B项。 33．主旨大意题。文章第一段“A selfie taken by a wild monkey is at the center of a heated copyright dispute (争端) between a photographer and the website Wikimedia Commons. The central question is: Can a photographer who owns the camera claim ownership of photos actually taken by an animal?(一只野生猴子拍摄的一张自拍照成为了摄影师与网站“维基共享资源”之间一场激烈版权纠纷的焦点。核心问题在于：拥有相机的摄影师能否宣称对由动物拍摄的照片拥有所有权？)”通过“猴子自拍版权争端”案例引出核心法律问题——动物拍摄的照片版权归属，第二、三段集中讲的是摄影师和法律专家对所有权归属问题的立场，第四段叙述事情背景，第五、六段主要讲的是争议进一步升级，野生动物保护者主张代表动物要求版权，纵观全文，文章都是在围绕着一起关于一只猴子拍摄的自拍照的版权纠纷问题展开，所以文章的主旨大意为一起关于一只猴子拍摄的自拍照的版权纠纷，故选C项。 34．词句猜测题。根据划线词之后“jumping all over my equipment and it looked like they were already posing for the camera when one hit the button(在我的设备上跳来跳去，当其中一只按下按钮时，它们看起来已经在为相机摆姿势了)”可知在设备上蹦跳、摆姿势按快门，所有这些都体现了猴子“顽皮”的特性，所以划线词与A项Naughty(顽皮的)意思相近，故选A项。 35．推理判断题。文章主要围绕“猴子自拍版权归属”问题展开，争议双方是摄影师（主张版权）和Wikimedia Commons(认为照片属于公共领域)，第二、三段通过专家观点（Andrew Bridges）和法律原则（如“艺术控制”）客观呈现争议，而作者并未直接支持任何一方，第二段“However, Andrew Bridges, an expert in copyright law, said Slater likely isn’t the copyright owner because he didn’t have sufficient artistic control over the photo.(然而，版权法专家Andrew Bridges表示，Slater可能不是版权所有者，因为他对这张照片没有足够的艺术控制权。)”以及第三段“Since Slater didn’t have creative control over the monkey and didn’t actually frame the images, he legally (合法) might not be considered to have been involved in the creative process.(由于Slater对这只猴子的表演没有创意控制权，而且他也没有实际拍摄这些画面，所以从法律角度来看，他或许不应被视为参与了创作过程。)”反复强调“艺术控制”（artistic control）和“创作过程”（creative process）的法律争议，说明作者意图引发对版权法定义的思考，最后一段提到“动物能否拥有版权”的模糊性，进一步凸显法律定义的灰色地带，由此可知作者想通过此案例探讨版权法中对“人类创作”和“艺术控制”的界定问题，而非单纯支持某一方或倡导政策，所以作者讨论猴子自拍的版权之争的主要目的是对版权法中关于艺术控制权的定义提出质疑，故选D项。 （本题12.5分）The Lipstick Effect In 2020, the world fell into an economic downturn as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. 36(2.5分) During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure (支出), as people everywhere feel restricted to making only “essential” purchases. However, a curious phenomenon known as the “lipstick effect” can often be observed. The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. 37(2.5分) However, many still find the cash for purchases of small luxury items, such as lipstick. This phenomenon was termed the “lipstick effect” in 2001 by Leonard Lauder, chairman of luxury cosmetic company Estée Lauder. He had not only witnessed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especially evident in the case of lipstick and other cosmetic products. 38(2.5分) First and perhaps most obviously, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity. Another theory has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. 39(2.5分) 40(2.5分) During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetics in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around. A．What does lipstick tell us about the economy? B．They do not have enough to spend on big-ticket luxury items. C．The lipstick effect is a behavior that reflects economic conditions and emotional states. D．So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash justify making such purchases? E．By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews. F．Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived trend. G．Under these circumstances, millions of people suddenly found themselves facing financial insecurity. 【答案】36．G 37．B 38．D 39．E 40．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在经济萧条期间，消费者倾向于购买小奢侈品如口红的现象，即“口红效应”，及其背后的心理和市场表现。 【详解】36．由上文“In 2020, the world was fell into an economic down turn as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. (2020年，由于COVID-19大流行导致企业普遍关闭，世界陷入了经济衰退)”可知，本空要说跟“经济衰退对人们影响”有关的话题，由下文“During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure, as people everywhere feel restricted to making only “essential” purchases. (在这样的经济困难时期，人们可能会自然地预期消费市场将看到支出的下降，因为各地的人们都感到只能购买“必需品”)”可知，本句要表达经济衰退对人们消费态度的影响，故G选项“Under these circumstances, millions of people suddenly found themselves facing financial insecurity. (在这种情况下，数以百万计的人突然发现自己面临着经济上的不安全)”承接上文提到的疫情导致经济衰退的情况，并引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 37．由上文“The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. (“口红效应”是指即使经济不景气，消费者也会购买小型奢侈品的现象)”可知，本空要说跟“购买小型奢侈品的原因”有关的话题，由下文“However, many still find the cash for purchases of small luxury items, such as lipstick. (然而，许多人仍然会用现金购买口红等小型奢侈品)”可知，本句要与后文构成转折。故B选项“They do not have enough to spend on big-ticket luxury items. (他们没有足够的钱购买高价奢侈品)”与下文形成对比，先说明人们在经济萧条时没钱买大件奢侈品，接着转折说仍会买小奢侈品，能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 38．由下文“First and perhaps most obviously, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity. Another theory has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. (首先，或许也是最明显的一点是，消费者可能只是希望时不时地犒劳一下自己，以分散自己对财务不安全感的注意力。另一个理论与劳动力市场有关。具体来说，在经济萧条时期，求职的竞争变得更加激烈。因此，寻找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外表)”可知，本空要说跟“此类购买原因”有关的话题，故D选项“So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash justify making such purchases? (那么，现金短缺的消费者究竟如何证明进行此类购买是合理的呢?)”提出了一个关于消费者心理的问题，引出下文对原因的讨论，符合语境。故选D。 39．由上文“Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. (因此，寻找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外表)”可知，本空要说跟“改善他们的外表的好处”有关的话题，故E选项“By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews. (通过使用口红等产品，他们可能会在求职面试中感到更加自信)”进一步说明了使用口红等产品对求职者的好处，与上文关于求职的内容相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 40．由下文“During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetics in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around.(在2007-2009年的全球经济大萧条期间，美国化妆品的销售额增长了约5%。根据这些数据，即使在当前不稳定的经济环境下，奢侈品化妆品行业似乎也将继续存在)”可知，本段既回顾了2007-2009年的事情，也提到了现在的经济状况下奢侈品化妆品的情况，故F选项“Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived trend. (不管造成口红效应的原因是什么，这种现象都不是短暂的趋势)”总结了段落内容，引出下文用数据证明口红效应不是短期趋势，符合语境。故选F。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride, and I longed for a huge adventure. I was 41 that this adventure would be sort of like a personal 42 . I also saw it as a(n) 43 to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest. 44 , I wanted to ride my bike to Alaska alone, but then I 45 that it would be way more fun to do it with a friend, so I called Alex. It was a(n) 46 adventure, and we did a lot of cool things. 47 , what I saw made me sad. We got to see the human 48 on nature in a way that I just hadn’t been exposed to before. I had a false 49 that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there. We biked 2,400 miles, and it turned out that basically the only places that remained 50 were the national parks. Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted. The town we 51 through gets bigger 52 cutting down all the trees. 53 all this human impact, I strongly felt how much of the world we’ve already 54 . I guess that the only places on Earth that have not had 55 human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach. I thought a lot about it. It’s one of those things where you have to decide between doing something that’s totally green or you can tell an inspiring story. 41．(1分)A．pitiful B．hopeful C．grateful D．mindful 42．(1分)A．transformation B．passion C．transportation D．solution 43．(1分)A．security B．advertisement C．opportunity D．commitment 44．(1分)A．Potentially B．Abnormally C．Gradually D．Originally 45．(1分)A．realized B．detected C．denied D．recommended 46．(1分)A．identical B．remarkable C．embarrassing D．academic 47．(1分)A．Meanwhile B．Therefore C．Perhaps D．Otherwise 48．(1分)A．extract B．reflection C．impact D．affection 49．(1分)A．prediction B．interaction C．decision D．perception 50．(1分)A．unbalanced B．uncontrolled C．untouched D．unfinished 51．(1分)A．ran B．worked C．cut D．biked 52．(1分)A．with the objective of B．at the expense of C．without D．within 53．(1分)A．Advocating B．Favoring C．Witnessing D．Approving 54．(1分)A．destroyed B．protected C．explored D．polluted 55．(1分)A．relevant B．instant C．efficient D．vast 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者为实现长途骑行冒险、提升通加斯国家森林关注度，与朋友骑行至阿拉斯加的经历，途中既体验了冒险乐趣，也目睹人类活动对自然的影响，引发对生态保护的思考。 【详解】41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望这次冒险能成为我个人的一次转变。A. pitiful可怜的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. grateful感激的；D. mindful留心的。根据前文“I longed for a huge adventure”提到“一直想长途骑行、渴望大冒险”，以及后文“this adventure would be”提到希望这次冒险能成为……，由此可知，此处为hopeful“充满希望的”符合“对冒险抱有期待”的情绪。故选B项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这次冒险能成为我个人的一次转变。A. transformation转变；B. passion热情；C. transportation交通；D. solution解决方案。根据语境以及下文“I also saw it as a(n) ____3____ to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest.”可知，作者希望这次冒险能成为个人的一次转变。故选A项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也认为这是一个提高人们对汤加斯国家森林认识的机会。A. security安全；B. advertisement广告；C. opportunity机会；D. commitment承诺。根据下文“to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest”可知，此处指将骑行视为提升通加斯国家森林关注度的机会，an opportunity to do sth.“做某事的机会”是固定表达。故选C项。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我想一个人骑自行车去阿拉斯加，但后来我意识到和朋友一起去会更有趣，所以我给亚历克斯打了电话。A. Potentially潜在地；B. Abnormally异常地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Originally起初。根据后文“but then”（但后来）表转折，说明前后想法不同，“Originally”（起初）体现“最初想独自骑行，后来改变主意”的逻辑。故选D项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我想一个人骑自行车去阿拉斯加，但后来我意识到和朋友一起去会更有趣，所以我给亚历克斯打了电话。A. realized意识到；B. detected察觉；C. denied否认；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“it would be way more fun to do it with a friend”可知，作者后来意识到和朋友一起去会更有趣。故选A项。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次非凡的冒险，我们做了很多很酷的事情。A. identical相同的；B. remarkable非凡的，精彩的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. academic学术的。根据后文“we did a lot of cool things(做了很多有趣的事)”可知，冒险“很精彩”。故选B项。 47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我所看到的让我很伤心。A. Meanwhile与此同时；B. Therefore因此；C. Perhaps也许；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“It was a remarkable adventure”提到“冒险精彩、做了很多趣事”与后文“what I saw made me sad(所见让我难过)”是转折关系，Meanwhile“与此同时”可表“同一时间段内的两种不同感受”，逻辑连贯。故选A项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们以一种我以前从未接触过的方式看到了人类对自然的影响。A. extract提取；B. reflection反映；C. impact影响；D. affection喜爱。根据后文多次提到“human impact(人类影响)”，此处“the human impact on nature”（人类对自然的影响）是全文核心话题。故选C项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一个错误的认识，认为还有很多未被触及的自然。A. prediction预测；B. interaction互动；C. decision决定；D. perception认知，看法。根据下文“that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there”可知，作者有一个错误的认识，认为还有很多未被触及的自然。故选D项。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们骑了2400英里，结果发现基本上只有国家公园没被碰过。A. unbalanced不平衡的；B. uncontrolled不受控制的；C. untouched未被触碰的；D. unfinished未完成的。根据前文“false perception that there was still a lot of untouched nature(以为有很多未被触碰的自然区域)”可知，此处为“the only places that remained untouched(唯一保留未被触碰的地方)”，与前文呼应，语义一致。故选C项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们骑自行车经过的城镇变得越来越大，代价是砍掉了所有的树。A. ran跑；B. worked工作；C. cut切割；D. biked骑行。根据上文“I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride”可知，全文围绕“骑行冒险”展开，“the town we biked through(我们骑行经过的小镇)”符合“骑行途中经过某地”的背景。故选D项。 52．考查介词短语和介词词义辨析。句意：我们骑自行车经过的城镇变得越来越大，代价是砍掉了所有的树。A. with the objective of以……为目标；B. at the expense of以……为代价；C. without没有；D. within在……之内。根据上文“The town we biked through gets bigger”以及下文“cutting down all the trees”可知，此处指的是骑自行车经过的城镇变得越来越大，代价是砍掉了所有的树。故选B项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹了所有这些人类的影响，我强烈地感受到我们已经摧毁了多少世界。A. Advocating提倡；B. Favoring支持；C. Witnessing目睹；D. Approving认可。根据上文“cutting down all the trees”可知，“Witnessing(目睹)”对应前文“看到人类对自然的影响、小镇砍伐树木”等经历，体现“亲身看到这些场景后产生的感受”。故选C项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹了所有这些人类的影响，我强烈地感受到我们已经摧毁了多少世界。A. destroyed破坏；B. protected保护；C. explored探索；D. polluted污染。根据前文描述“树木被砍、自然被破坏”，“how much of the world we’ve already destroyed(我们已经破坏了世界多少)”符合“目睹破坏后产生的反思”，语义连贯。故选A项。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想地球上唯一没有受到人类巨大影响的地方是那些难以到达的地方。A. relevant相关的；B. instant即时的；C. efficient高效的；D. vast巨大的。根据句意以及下文“human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach”可知，此处指地球上唯一未受巨大人类影响的地方是难以到达的区域。故选D项。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The restoration of polar ecosystems, a task far more challenging than 56(1.5分) (predict) by early environmentalists, has emerged as a global priority in recent decades. Unlike conventional conservation projects, 57(1.5分) focus on single species protection, this initiative aims to rebuild entire food webs, a goal that demands 58(1.5分) (cooperate) across scientific disciplines and national borders. The Arctic fox, one of the region’s most vulnerable species, 59(1.5分) (push) to the brink of local extinction due to habitat loss and climate change, but recent efforts 60(1.5分) (yield) promising results so far. What makes this project stand out is its emphasis on indigenous knowledge. Local communities, 61(1.5分) (live) in harmony with polar regions for millennia, possess insights that modern science alone cannot provide. For instance, their traditional methods of tracking ice floe movements have helped researchers identify areas where reintroduction programs are 62(1.5分) (likely) to succeed. Critics, however, warn that rapid intervention may disrupt natural processes, 63(1.5分) (argue) that ecosystems should be left to recover on their own. 64(1.5分) debates continue to rage, one thing is certain: the fate of polar ecosystems is intertwined with human actions. Only by combining scientific innovation with traditional wisdom 65(1.5分) we ensure the survival of these unique landscapes for future generations. 【答案】 56．predicted 57．which 58．cooperation 59．has been pushed 60．have yielded 61．having lived 62．most likely 63．arguing 64．While/Though/Although 65．can 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了极地生态系统的修复，并重点阐述了这一全球性议题的复杂性、创新方法及核心矛盾。 【详解】56．考查过去分词。句意：几十年来，极地生态系统的修复——这一任务远比早期环保主义者预测的更为艰巨——已成为全球优先事项。此处为“more challenging than+过去分词”结构，相当于“more challenging than it was predicted by early environmentalists”，predict 与逻辑主语a task之间是被动关系，故用过去分词predicted。故填predicted。 57．考查定语从句。句意：与只关注单一物种保护的传统保育项目不同，这项倡议旨在重建完整的食物网，这一目标要求跨学科与跨国界的协作。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为conventional conservation projects，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which引导。故填which。 58．考查名词。句意：同上。此处在句中作宾语，故应用名词“cooperation协作”。故填cooperation。 59．考查动词时态和语态。句意：北极狐作为该地区最脆弱的物种之一，因栖息地丧失和气候变化已被推向区域性灭绝的边缘，但迄今为止，近期的努力已取得了令人鼓舞的成果。此处在句中作谓语动词，主语为Arctic fox，为单数，与push之间为被动关系，且根据“due to habitat loss and climate change”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故填has been pushed。 60．考查动词时态。句意：同上。此处在句中作谓语动词，主语为efforts，为复数，与yield之间为主动关系，且根据时间状语so for可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填have yielded。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：当地社区已与极地地区和谐共处数千年，他们掌握的认知是现代科学无法独立提供的。此处为非谓语动词作状语，local communities与live之间是主动关系，且live这个动作的动作发生在possess之前，故用现在分词的完成式having lived。故填having lived。 62．考查形容词最高级。句意：例如，他们追踪浮冰运动的传统方法帮助研究人员确定了重新引入项目最有可能成功的区域。此处表示“最有可能”，应用副词最高级most likely修饰 to succeed。故填most likely。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，批评者警告，快速干预可能会破坏自然进程，认为生态系统应任其自行恢复。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，critics与argue之间是主动关系，故用现在分词arguing。故填arguing。 64．考查连词。句意：尽管争论仍在激烈进行，但有一点是肯定的：极地生态系统的命运与人类行为息息相关。此处表示让步关系，意为“尽管”，所以此处使用while/though/although引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。 65．考查情态动词。句意：只有将科学创新与传统智慧相结合，我们才能为子孙后代确保这些独特生态景观的存续。此处为“only + 介词短语”置于句首，句子用部分倒装，结合句意 “只有通过将科学创新与传统智慧相结合，我们才能确保这些独特的景观为后代所存活”，故此处应用情态动词can。故填can。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友John的原创歌曲在网络上迅速走红，他正在考虑如何平衡自己的学习和音乐梦想，为此发来邮件询问你的建议。请你写信给他回复，内容包括： （1）你的建议； （2）你的理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右。 （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear John, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 (A possible version) Dear John, As for your dilemma, I’m writing to recommend you rank academic study first, with music as a leisure pursuit following behind. Solid academic training takes priority over everything. Without it, your musical inspiration would ring hollow. Besides, important as online fame is, it should never be pursued at the expense of academic qualifications. It is only when a solid academic foundation is guaranteed that your musical talent can truly flourish, for knowledge expands the mind and deepens emotional resonance in your works. So remember, a well-rounded mind produces timeless art, and a secure future grants you the freedom to make creations without fear. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英国笔友John回信，就对方想要平衡学习和音乐梦想的意愿，给出自己的建议，并说明理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 重要的：important → significant 保证：guarantee → ensure 扩展：expand → extend 恐惧：fear → terror 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Solid academic training takes priority over everything. Without it, your musical inspiration would ring hollow. 拓展句：Solid academic training takes priority over everything, without which your musical inspiration would ring hollow. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, important as online fame is, it should never be pursued at the expense of academic qualifications. (运用了as引导让步状语从句，且使用部分倒装结构) 【高分句型2】It is only when a solid academic foundation is guaranteed that your musical talent can truly flourish, for knowledge expands the mind and deepens emotional resonance in your works. (运用了when引导时间状语从句，且使用强调句型) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Leo had always been a true city boy, more familiar with the constant noise of traffic than the songs of birds. When his parents announced their move to a small house near the edge of a steadily shrinking forest, he felt astonished and angry. The silence of the countryside felt upsetting rather than peaceful. During his first week, he spent most of his time indoors, glued to his screens, until his mother insisted that he get some fresh air. Reluctantly, Leo ventured into the woods behind their property. After walking for about ten minutes, he stumbled upon a clearing that broke his heart. Instead of natural beauty, he found a dumping ground — plastic bottles glittered in the sun, discarded packaging tangled in the undergrowth, and a faint sour smell hung in the air. In the center stood a lone, young oak tree, its leaves looking dusty and tired, struggling to survive amidst the pollution. Something about this determined tree, fighting for life in such unwelcoming surroundings, stirred a strange sense of protectiveness in him. He felt a connection he hadn’t expected. The following weekend, Leo returned armed with a large garbage bag and a pair of gardening gloves. As he carefully collected the waste, his eyes caught sight of a delicate bird’s nest lying on the ground near the base of the oak tree. Inside rested a single, perfect egg, unbroken but vulnerable. His heart sank with worry. Remembering a nature documentary, he used his gloved hands to gently place the nest back in the lower branches, hoping the parents would return. He started visiting the clearing daily, quietly observing from a distance. Soon, he realized his well-intentioned presence often scared away a curious fox that liked to dig near the tree. He began to understand he was still an outsider here, a well-meaning but disruptive force in this delicate ecosystem. His initial excitement turned into frustration; he wanted to help but feared his efforts were insufficient or even harmful. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One morning, Leo found the nest on the ground again, but this time the egg was sadly cracked. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Weeks later, watching from his window, Leo saw a movement near the oak tree that made him smile. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 One morning, Leo found the nest on the ground again, but this time the egg was sadly cracked. A deep sadness washed over him, followed by fierce determination to do better. Realizing that his interference, however well-meant, might have caused the tragedy, he decided to seek proper knowledge. Not only did he spend hours researching online, but he also visited the local library to read books on local wildlife conservation. Learning that many animals are highly sensitive to the human scent and frequent disturbance, he finally understood his mistake. With a renewed sense of purpose, he built a simple, elevated platform using recycled materials and carefully placed the nest securely upon it, this time handling it only with sticks instead of his hands. Weeks later, watching from his window, Leo saw a movement near the oak tree that made him smile. A pair of bright finches were diligently feeding their chirping chick in the very nest that he had secured. The clearing, which he had continued to clean with respect, was now visibly greener and alive with butterflies and other insects. Leo learned that helping nature didn’t mean imposing his will or quick fixes, but offering support with patience, respect, and humble learning. He continued his small, thoughtful acts, proving that true ecological harmony begins with understanding, perseverance, and a truly willing heart. 【导语】本文以城市男孩利奥的乡村生活转变为线索，讲述了利奥随父母搬到森林边后，发现树林空地沦为垃圾场，对一棵顽强的橡树产生保护欲，清理垃圾时救助鸟巢却因不当干预陷入困惑的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一天早上，利奥发现鸟巢又掉在了地上，但这次蛋不幸裂了。”可知，第一段可描写利奥悲痛后决心改进，通过查资料、去图书馆学习保护知识，了解到动物对人类气味和干扰敏感，用回收材料搭建高架平台，用树枝安放鸟巢的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“几周后，利奥从窗口望去，看到橡树旁有动静，露出了笑容。”可知，第二段可描写他看到雀鸟在巢中喂养雏鸟，空地经持续清理变得生机盎然，领悟到帮助自然需耐心、尊重与学习，以小行动达成生态和谐的情景。 2. 续写线索：蛋裂悲痛——决心学习保护知识——了解自身错误——搭建高架平台安放鸟巢——目睹雀鸟育雏——空地恢复生机——领悟保护真谛 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①搭建：build/construct ②放置：place/lay ③清理：clean/clear up 情绪类 ①悲痛：sadness/grief ②尊重：respect/honor 【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only did he spend hours researching online, but he also visited the local library to read books on local wildlife conservation.（运用了“not only...but also...”连接两个并列结构，以及“not only”位于句首引出的倒装结构） [高分句型2] The clearing, which he had continued to clean with respect, was now visibly greener and alive with butterflies and other insects.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $