Unit 2 Period 3 Using Language(知识清单)英语人教版选择性必修第一册

2026-09-23
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Unit 2 Looking into the future Using Language 一、重点单词 1. liberation vt. 发现;查明;探测 2. shave vt.& vi.(使)合并,(使)成为一体 3. beard vt.& vi. 漏,渗漏;透露 n. 漏洞,裂缝;泄露 4. disturb n. 开关;转换器;改变 vt.& vi.(使)改变,转变 5. cigarette n. 监视器;班长;监控器 vt. 监控;监测 6. specialist v. 治愈;治好;解决 n. 疗法;药物;对策 7. consultant n. 问题;议题;发行物 v. 发布;发行 8. drug vt. 拒绝;排斥;不予考虑 9. skip n. 偏爱;偏好;爱好 10. dizzy n.& 常规,正常顺序 adj. 常规,日常的 11. flu adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力;可能性 12. stimulate n. 幻想;想象 13. dentist adj. 不正常的,反常的 14. sugary adj. 自动的 15. nut adj. 可获得的,可购得的;(人)有空的 16. skateboard adj. 不断的,重复的,不变的 n. 常数,常量 17. dynamic adj. 严重的;关键的;批判性的 18. stressed out adj. 效率高的;有能力的 19. worn out adj. 遥远的;疏远的;心不在焉的 20. bowling adj. 有关的;有意义的 21. comedy adj. 安全的,安心的,可靠的,牢固的 v. 获得;保护;拴牢 22. monthly v.(使)结合;组合;联合 23. enhance n. 安全;安保;保障 24. refresh v.(使)结合;组合;联合 25. absorb n. 安全;安保;保障 二、重点单词变形 1. oppose vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠 与…… 角逐→ opposed adj. 反对的;对立的→ opposing adj. 对立的;相竞争的;对抗的→ opposition n. 反对,反抗,对抗 2. cease vi. & vt. (使) 停止;终止→ ceaseless adj. 持续的;不停的 3. absence n. 不存在;缺乏;缺席;不在→ absent adj. 缺席的;不在场的 心不在焉的;出神的 vt. 缺席;不参加;不在 4. advocate vt. 提倡;支持;拥护 n. 提倡者;支持者;拥护者→ advocacy n. 拥护,支持,提倡 5. emphasis n. 强调;重视;重要性→ emphasize/-ise vt. 强调;重视;使突出→ overemphasize/-ise vt. 过分强调;过于重视 6. luxury n. 奢华→ luxurious adj. 十分舒适的;奢侈的→ luxuriously adv. 豪华地;奢侈地 7. resist vi. & vt. 抵制;反抗;抵挡;忍住 vt. 使不受伤害;抗 (伤害)→ resistant adj. 抵制的;有抵抗力的;抗…… 的;耐…… 的→ resistance n. 抵制;抵抗;抗力;阻力 8. accurate adj. 精确的;准确的→ accurately adv. 精确地;准确地→ inaccurate adj. 不精确的;不准确的→ accuracy n. 准确;精确 9. essay n. 文章;论说文→ essayist n. 散文作家 10. librarian n. 图书管理员;图书馆馆长→ library n. 图书馆 三、必备词块 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. be occupied in doing - 忙于 2. combine theory with practice - 把理论与实践相结合 3. in this sense - 从这个意义上说 4. resist the temptation of short videos - 抵制短视频的诱惑 5. widespread resistance among travellers - 旅行者中普遍的抵触 / 反对 6. in the absence of regular exercise - 在缺乏规律锻炼的情况下 7. be resistant to various winter viruses - 抵抗各种冬季病毒 8. be absent from our graduation ceremony - 缺席了我们的毕业典礼 9. keep in touch with - 与…… 保持联系 10. lay great emphasis on creating - 非常重视营造 11. advocate setting aside fixed time - 倡导留出固定时间 12. firmly opposed to doing - 坚决反对 13. map out your future career - 规划未来的职业 14. accurate statistics - 准确的统计数据 15. remain a distant goal 仍然是一个遥远的目标 16. shape a brilliant prospect - 塑造光明的前景 4、 必会考点 1. available /əˈveɪləbl/ a. adj. 可获得的;可使用的;(人)有空的可获得的,可用的 ·widely available 广泛可得 ·readily available 随手可得;容易获取 ·make sth available to sb 使某物可供某人使用(形容词后置定语考点) ·the information available 可获取的信息 b. adj. (人)有空的;可联系的 ·be available for sth 有空做某事;可用于…… ·be available to sb 对某人可获得 / 可使用 派生词 ·availability n. 可用性;可得性;空闲 ·unavailable adj. 不可用的;没空的;难以获得的 ·unavailability n. 不可获得;无法使用 高考必背例句 All kinds of learning resources are available to students in this school.这所学校的学生可以获取各类学习资源。 I’m not available for the meeting this afternoon.我今天下午没空参加会议。 The hotel has no available rooms during the holiday.假期期间这家酒店没有空余房间。 作文万能句式:Online courses make highquality education available to more people. 【即学即练】 1 Many materials are readily ________ (availability) on the Internet. ② We regret to inform you of the ________ (available) of tickets for the concert. No tickets are left. ③ The manager is not available ________ (answer) your phone call right now. ④ The government made medical services ________ (access 变形,同义替换) to ordinary citizens. 【参考答案】① available ② unavailability ③ to answer ④ available 2. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ ① v. (使) 结合;组合;融合;兼备;联合(语义:把两种 / 多种事物合并,各自仍保留自身特点,不完全融为一体) 常用搭配 · combine A with/and B 把 A 与 B 结合起来(高考最高频搭配) · combine to do sth 联合起来做某事;共同促成某事 · combine sth into sth 把…… 合并成…… ② 派生词combination n. [C,U] 结合;组合;混合物combined adj. 联合的;组合的combinable adj. 可结合的 易混辨析 combine & connect & unite · combine:结合、兼备,事物保留原有特征 combine A with B · connect:连接,建立关联,物体不融合 connect A to/with B · unite:团结,合并成单一整体,强调统一 高考必背例句 We should combine theory with practice.我们应当把理论和实践相结合。 Several factors combined to cause the accident.多种因素共同促成了这起事故。 The hotel combines comfort with convenience.这家酒店兼具舒适与便利。 作文万能句式: The activity combines learning with fun, which benefits teenagers a lot.这项活动将学习与乐趣相结合,使青少年受益匪浅。 补充考点 语法填空高频:动词考名词 combination;固定介词 with combine to do:多个因素共同造成,阅读完形熟义僻用 写作高分短语:combine A with B, 【即学即练】 1 It is necessary for us to combine knowledge ________ practical experience. (介词填空) 2 The ________ (combine) of advanced technology and traditional culture creates amazing works. 3 Two small firms ________ (combine) into one large company last year. 4 Good food and enough sleep combine ________ (keep) your body healthy. 【参考答案】① with② combination③ combined④ to keep 3. nevertheless nevertheless /ˌnevəðəˈles/ ① adv. 然而;不过;尽管如此(高考阅读、完形高频逻辑副词,写作高分替换 however) 语义:承认前面事实,但后面出现转折,“虽说如此,但还是……”同义替换:however, nonetheless辨析:nevertheless:偏书面,让步转折,“尽管有前述情况,仍然……”however:普通转折,可以放在句首、句中、句末 位置用法: 句首,后加逗号:Nevertheless, … 句中,前后逗号:… , nevertheless, … 句末,前面加逗号:… , nevertheless. 常见搭配 but nevertheless 不过尽管如此 and yet nevertheless 然而 ② conj. 然而(较少用,高考主要考副词用法) 高考必背例句 He was very tired. Nevertheless, he kept working.他十分疲惫,尽管如此,他仍然继续工作。 The task was difficult. They finished it on time, nevertheless.这项任务很难,不过他们还是按时完成了。 作文万能句式: The challenges are real. Nevertheless, we should never give up our dreams.挑战真实存在,尽管如此,我们永远不应放弃梦想。 补充考点: 完形逻辑判断:前文讲不利条件,后文讲依旧做某事,优先选 nevertheless(让步转折≠普通但是) 写作:替换 however,提升书面档次;不要和 but 连用在同一个分句(but 是连词,nevertheless 副词) 如:But nevertheless he succeeded.(错误:同一句内不要叠加) He was faced with difficulties. Nevertheless, he succeeded.(正确:) 【即学即练】 (选用 but /nevertheless 填空;词形、语法填空) 1 The weather was terrible. ________, we decided to go out for a hike. 2 He had failed many times. He was ________ determined to make another attempt. 3 There is no doubt that the plan has shortcomings; ________, it is still worth trying. ④ It is hard work. It is rewarding, ________. 【参考答案】① Nevertheless② nevertheless③ nevertheless④ nevertheless 4. cease cease /siːs/ ① vi. & vt. (使) 停止;终止;结束 常用搭配 cease doing sth 停止做某事(停下正在做的事) cease to do sth 不再做某事(渐渐不再,状态终止) cease fire 停火 cease from sth 停止某事 ② 派生词 ceaseless adj. 持续的;不停的 ceaselessly adv. 不停地;持续地 cessation n. [U] 停止,终止(书面) 易混辨析 cease:书面正式用语,终止、不再存在;可接 doing /to do stop:普通用词,stop doing 停下;stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 quit:口语,放弃、辞职 quit doing 高考必背例句 The noise ceased at midnight.噪音在午夜时分停止了。 They ceased working for lack of money.由于资金短缺,他们停止了工作。 The old man ceased to live with his son.这位老人不再和儿子一起居住。 作文万能句式: We should never cease pursuing our goals in face of difficulties.面对困难,我们永远不应停止追求目标。 补充考点 cease doing 停止正在进行;cease to do 不再(状态消失),完形辨析考点 书面词汇,阅读高频;写作可替换普通 stop,提升档次 词形转换语法填空:cease → ceaseless /cessation 【即学即练】 1 The factory ceased ________ (produce) plastic products for environmental reasons. 2 With the ________ (cease) of the heavy rain, people went back home. 3 The wartorn country longed for a ________ (cease) flow of supplies for its citizens.(派生词) 4 (改序号) The scientist ceased ________ (publish) papers after retirement; he no longer had interest in research. 【参考答案】① producing② cessation③ ceaseless④ to publish 一、词汇易混辨析 1. nevertheless / predict / forecast 1 predict /prɪˈdɪkt/vt. 预言;预测;预料(依据证据、知识做出推测) 2 forecast /ˈfɔːkɑːst/vt.&n. 预报;预测(侧重对事态发展做出预估,多用于天气、经济、形势) 常用搭配 predict predict (that)… 预言 / 预料…… predict what/whether… 预测…… It is predicted that… 据预测…… forecast weather forecast 天气预报 forecast economic growth 预测经济增长 forecast that… 预测…… 派生词 predict → prediction n. 预测;预言→ predictable adj. 可预料的→ unpredictable adj. 难以预测的 forecast → forecaster n. 预报员→ forecasted / forecast (过去式过去分词两种均可) 易混辨析 predict:通用词。根据事实、经验、逻辑预言将来会发生什么,可用于大事小事,不一定是公开公布。 can predict the result 预料结果 forecast:偏向公开对外发布的预估。高频用于天气、经济、行情、局势;名词用法非常多。 weather forecast 天气预报;forecast sales 预估销量 简单区分:天气、经济数据 →多用 forecast 事情结局、人的行为走向、事件后果 →多用 predict 高考必背例句 It is predicted that robot technology will change our daily life.据预测机器人技术将会改变我们的日常生活。 Few people could predict how the conflict would end.几乎没有人能预料这场冲突将如何收场。 The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow.天气预报说明天会下雨。 Experts forecast that prices will rise sharply next year.专家预测明年物价会大幅上涨。 作文万能句式: It is hard to predict how AI will influence our future society.很难预测人工智能将会如何影响我们未来的社会。 补充考点 语法填空:It is predicted that… 固定句型;词形转换 predict → prediction /predictable 完形区分:看到 weather、economy 优先选 forecast;侧重预料人的行为、事件结局选 predict forecast 过去分词两种形式 forecast /forecasted 高考都认可 【即学即练】 ① It is ________ (predict) that more young people will choose remote work.② According to the weather ________ (forecast), a heavy storm is on the way.③ No one could ________ (predict/forecast) his sudden change of mind.④ Economists ________ (forecast) a fall in housing prices last month.(过去式) 【参考答案】① predicted ② forecast ③ predict ④ forecast /forecasted 1. combine /connect/unite combine:把事物融合在一起,各自仍可区分,侧重结合、兼备 connect:“连接”,两者之间建立联系,物体本身不融合 connect A to/with B unite:团结,合并成一个整体,强调统一 unite: 合为一体 combine v. (使) 结合;兼备。 把两样 / 多样事物融合到一起,个体依旧保留、可以区分开。 搭配:combine A with/and B;be combined with Combine work with pleasure. 劳逸结合。 The film combines humor and sadness. 这部电影兼具幽默与伤感。(两样特质同时存在,互不消失) connect v. 连接;联系。 两者之间搭建桥梁、产生关联,物体本身并不互相融合,依旧独立分开。 搭配:connect A to/with B Connect the computer to the printer. 把电脑连上打印机。(两者独立,只是有线相连) The study connects stress with sleep loss.这项研究把压力和失眠联系在一起。(建立逻辑关联) unite v. 团结;联合;统一。 多个个体合并,形成一个完整的新整体,强调同心、一体化。 The two nations united to fight against the enemy.两国团结起来对抗敌人。(目标一致,结成统一力量) They united the three small companies into one.他们把三家小公司合并成一家。 对比差异 Combine milk and eggs. 把牛奶和鸡蛋混合。(都还在,只是混在一起) Connect the two pipes. 把两根管子接起来。(管子各自独立,接口相连) Unite the two groups. 将两个小组合并 / 团结起来。(成为一个统一集体) 派生词速记 combination n. 结合;组合 in combination with 与…… 相结合 connection n. 联系;连接 union n. 联合;联盟;工会 【即学即练】 1. We should ________ theory with practice. (combine / connect / unite) 2. This railway ________ the two cities. (combine / connect / unite) 3. People ________ against the common threat. (combine / connect / unite) 4. ________ with patience, talent can create wonders. (Combine 变形) 【参考答案】 1. combine 2. connects 3. united 4. Combined 2. oppose / reject / refuse 1 oppose /əˈpəʊz/vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠;与…… 角逐 2 reject /rɪˈdʒekt/vt. 拒绝接受;不予考虑;摒弃;驳回 3 refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/v. 拒绝;不肯(做某事) 常用搭配 oppose oppose sth 反对某事(直接接宾语,不接 to do) be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事(高频!to 是介词,后接名词 /doing) reject reject sth 拒绝某物;驳回提议 / 计划;摒弃想法 reject an offer /plan/suggestion 拒绝提议 / 计划 refuse refuse sth 拒绝某物 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事(不能接 doing) 派生词 oppose → opposed adj. 反对的;对立的→ opposing adj. 对抗的;对立的→ opposition n. 反对;反抗;反对派 reject → rejection n. 拒绝;驳回;摒弃 refuse → refusal n. 拒绝 易混辨析 oppose:侧重观点、立场上反对政策、计划、行为;主观持反对态度,不一定拒绝实物。 oppose the new law 反对新法案 reject:语气强,断然拒绝、驳回;把事物完全否定、丢弃;宾语常是计划、建议、申请、物品;一般不接 to do,只接名词。 reject one’s application 驳回申请 refuse:普通用词,不肯、不愿去做;可以接物品;高频结构 refuse to do sth。 refuse to apologize 拒绝道歉 快速做题区分: 立场上反对某政策 / 观点 → oppose(重点记 be opposed to doing) 驳回申请、提案,彻底摒弃想法 → reject 拒绝去做某动作 → refuse to do sth 高考必背例句 Many local residents oppose the construction of the factory.许多当地居民反对修建这家工厂。 Most citizens are opposed to cutting down the old trees.大多数市民反对砍伐古树。 The committee rejected his proposal.委员会驳回了他的提案。 He refused to answer the reporter’s question.他拒绝回答记者的问题。 作文万能句式: Some people are opposed to the idea while others reject it completely.一部分人反对这个观点,而另一部分人则完全摒弃它。 补充考点 be opposed to doing,to 是介词,语法填空必考,不要写 to do oppose直接接名词 refuse + to do; reject 只接名词宾语,不接 todo; 完形语气强弱:reject > refuse;oppose 侧重立场反对 【即学即练】 1 He is opposed to ________ (build) a new highway through the park. 2 The young man refused ________ (follow) his parents’ advice. 3 The board ________ (reject) his plan for lack of money last week.(过去式) 4 His ________ (refuse) to cooperate made the situation worse. 5 They firmly ________ (oppose) any change to the rules at the meeting yesterday.(过去式) 【参考答案】① building② to follow③ rejected④ refusal⑤ opposed 3. advocate & appeal to 1 advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/vt. 提倡;主张;拥护  /ˈædvəkət/n. 倡导者;支持者 2 appeal to 动词短语:呼吁;恳求;对…… 有吸引力;向…… 上诉 常用搭配 advocate advocate sth 提倡 / 主张某事 advocate doing sth 提倡做某事(⚠️不接 to do,后接名词 /doing) an advocate for sth …… 的倡导者 appeal to appeal to sb for sth 向某人恳求某事 appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事 sth appeal (s) to sb 某物对某人有吸引力 appeal to a higher court 向上级法院上诉 派生词 advocate → advocacy n. [U] 拥护;提倡;主张 appeal → appeal n. 呼吁;吸引力;上诉→ appealing adj. 有吸引力的;动人的 易混辨析 advocate:侧重公开主张、倡导某种理念 / 政策,主语可以是人、文章,“提倡”,只表达观点,不直接号召别人行动;后接 doing,不能接 to do。 advocate protecting wild animals 倡导保护野生动物 appeal to两层核心含义:1)呼吁、恳求:公开号召他人采取行动,句型 appeal to sb to do sth;2)对…… 有吸引力(阅读完形高频熟义)sth appeals to sb = sth attracts sb。 简单做题区分: · 提倡某种观点、政策 → advocate doing · 呼吁某人去做某事 → appeal to sb to do · 某物吸引某人 → sth appeal (s) to sb 高考必背例句 Many experts advocate reducing students’ heavy study burden.许多专家提倡减轻学生沉重的学业负担。 He is an advocate for environmental protection.他是一名环保倡导者。 The organization appeals to people to save every drop of water.该组织呼吁人们节约每一滴水。 Modern art does not appeal to everyone.现代艺术并不是对所有人都有吸引力。 作文万能句式: Experts advocate taking regular exercise, while public ads appeal to us to value our health.专家提倡定期锻炼,而公益广告呼吁我们珍视健康。 【即学即练】 1 The expert advocates ________ (limit) screen time for teenagers. 2 The charity appealed to the public ________ (donate) money for homeless people. 3 Bright colours are ________ (appeal) to young customers. 4 His ________ (advocate) of green lifestyle has won wide support. ⑤ The show failed ________ (appeal to /advocate) most teenagers, so it was soon cancelled. 【参考答案】① limiting② to donate③ appealing④ advocacy⑤ to appeal to 二、短语搭配易错 1. absence /ˈæbsəns/ 易错搭配 ① n. 缺席;不在;缺乏 核心高频搭配 · absence from + 地点 / 活动 缺席(会议、学校等) absence from school/meeting 缺课 / 缺席会议(介词from易错用) · in the absence of sb 在某人不在的时候 In the absence of the manager, I will take charge.经理不在时,由我负责。 · in the absence of sth 在缺乏…… 的情况下(写作高分句型) In the absence of enough support, the project failed.缺乏足够支持,项目失败。 关键区分 absence from + 人 / 活动:人缺席、不在场 in the absence of + 人 / 物:没有……;缺乏…… 派生词易错(absent) absent adj. 缺席的 be absent from … 缺席…… absentminded adj. 心不在焉的 反义词对照 absence n. 缺席 ↔ presence n. 出席be absent from ↔ be present at 高考必背例句 In the absence of timely help, many local people suffered a lot.在缺乏及时援助的情况下,很多当地人遭受很多苦难。 His long absence from home made his parents anxious.他长期不在家,令父母十分担忧。 作文万能句式: In the absence of selfdiscipline, it is hard for teenagers to make progress.缺乏自律,青少年很难取得进步。 【即学即练】 1 His absence ________ the sports meeting was due to injury. (介词) 2 In the absence ________ modern equipment, they finished the task manually. (介词) 3 He was ________ (absence) from office last week.④ In the ________ (absent) of my parents, I had to look after my little sister. 【参考答案】① from② of③ absent④ absence resist /rɪˈzɪst/ 易错搭配 & 高考陷阱 ① vt.&vi. 抵制;反抗;抵挡;忍住;抗(伤害) 核心搭配(高频易错) resist doing sth 忍住 / 抵抗做某事(重点:resist 后面只能接 doing,不能接 to do!) can’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事(完形高频短语)= can’t help doing sth 忍不住做…… resist sth 抵抗;抗拒(诱惑、疾病、外力)resist temptation 抵制诱惑resist disease 抵御疾病 派生词易错 resist → resistance n. 抵抗;抵制;阻力→ resistant adj. 有抵抗力的;抗…… 的;耐…… 的 be resistant to sth 抗……;耐……(介词 to,不能用 of) (be resistant to cold 耐寒) 介词错误(resistant) This material is resistant to heat. 这种材料耐热。 His resistance to change surprised us.他对变革的抗拒让我们感到意外。 词义熟词僻义:resist 表 “忍住”,不是 “反对” He could not resist eating the cake.他忍不住吃了蛋糕。≠ 他反对吃蛋糕。 易混辨析 resist:主动去抵抗、忍住; oppose:立场上反对观点政策(be opposed to doing) 高考必背例句 She could not resist admiring the beautiful scenery.她忍不住赞叹这美丽的景色。 This kind of crop is resistant to dry weather.这种农作物耐旱。 There is strong resistance to the new rule.对于这项新规定存在强烈抵制。 作文万能句式: We should learn to resist being attracted by useless online information.我们应当学会抵制被无用网络信息诱惑。 【即学即练】 1 I couldn’t resist ________ (tell) him the secret. 2 The insects have become ________ (resist) to this chemical. 3 People showed strong ________ (resist) to the new policy. 4 The metal is resistant ________ rust.(填介词) 【参考答案】① telling② resistant③ resistance④ to $Unit 2 Looking into the future Using Language 一、重点单词 1. vt. 发现;查明;探测 2. vt.& vi.(使)合并,(使)成为一体 3. vt.& vi. 漏,渗漏;透露 n. 漏洞,裂缝;泄露 4. n. 开关;转换器;改变 vt.& vi.(使)改变,转变 5. n. 监视器;班长;监控器 vt. 监控;监测 6. v. 治愈;治好;解决 n. 疗法;药物;对策 7. n. 问题;议题;发行物 v. 发布;发行 8. vt. 拒绝;排斥;不予考虑 9. n. 偏爱;偏好;爱好 10. n.& 常规,正常顺序 adj. 常规,日常的 11. adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力;可能性 12. n. 幻想;想象 13. adj. 不正常的,反常的 14. adj. 自动的 15. adj. 可获得的,可购得的;(人)有空的 16. adj. 不断的,重复的,不变的 n. 常数,常量 17. adj. 严重的;关键的;批判性的 18. adj. 效率高的;有能力的 19. adj. 遥远的;疏远的;心不在焉的 20. adj. 有关的;有意义的 21. adj. 安全的,安心的,可靠的,牢固的 v. 获得;保护;拴牢 22. v.(使)结合;组合;联合 23. n. 安全;安保;保障 24. v.(使)结合;组合;联合 25. n. 安全;安保;保障 二、重点单词变形 1. vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠 与…… 角逐→ adj. 反对的;对立的→ ______________ adj. 对立的;相竞争的;对抗的→ n. 反对,反抗,对抗 2. vi. & vt. (使) 停止;终止→ adj. 持续的;不停的 3. n. 不存在;缺乏;缺席;不在→ adj. 缺席的;不在场的 心不在焉的;出神的 vt. 缺席;不参加;不在 4. vt. 提倡;支持;拥护 n. 提倡者;支持者;拥护者→ n. 拥护,支持,提倡 5. n. 强调;重视;重要性→ vt. 强调;重视;使突出→ vt. 过分强调;过于重视 6. n. 奢华→ adj. 十分舒适的;奢侈的→ adv. 豪华地;奢侈地 7. vi. & vt. 抵制;反抗;抵挡;忍住 vt. 使不受伤害;抗 (伤害)→ adj. 抵制的;有抵抗力的;抗…… 的;耐…… 的→ n. 抵制;抵抗;抗力;阻力 8. adj. 精确的;准确的→ adv. 精确地;准确地→ adj. 不精确的;不准确的→ n. 准确;精确 9. n. 文章;论说文→ n. 散文作家 10. n. 图书管理员;图书馆馆长→ n. 图书馆 三、必备词块 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. - 忙于 2. - 把理论与实践相结合 3. - 从这个意义上说 4. - 抵制短视频的诱惑 5. - 旅行者中普遍的抵触 / 反对 6. - 在缺乏规律锻炼的情况下 7. - 抵抗各种冬季病毒 8. - 缺席了我们的毕业典礼 9. - 与…… 保持联系 10. - 非常重视营造 11. - 倡导留出固定时间 12. - 坚决反对 13. - 规划未来的职业 14. - 准确的统计数据 15. - 仍然是一个遥远的目标 16. - 塑造光明的前景 4、 必会考点 1. available /əˈveɪləbl/ a. adj. 可获得的;可使用的;(人)有空的可获得的,可用的 ·widely available 广泛可得 ·readily available 随手可得;容易获取 ·make sth available to sb 使某物可供某人使用(形容词后置定语考点) ·the information available 可获取的信息 b. adj. (人)有空的;可联系的 ·be available for sth 有空做某事;可用于…… ·be available to sb 对某人可获得 / 可使用 派生词 ·availability n. 可用性;可得性;空闲 ·unavailable adj. 不可用的;没空的;难以获得的 ·unavailability n. 不可获得;无法使用 高考必背例句 All kinds of learning resources are available to students in this school.这所学校的学生可以获取各类学习资源。 I’m not available for the meeting this afternoon.我今天下午没空参加会议。 The hotel has no available rooms during the holiday.假期期间这家酒店没有空余房间。 作文万能句式:Online courses make highquality education available to more people. 【即学即练】 1 Many materials are readily ________ (availability) on the Internet. ② We regret to inform you of the ________ (available) of tickets for the concert. No tickets are left. ③ The manager is not available ________ (answer) your phone call right now. ④ The government made medical services ________ (access 变形,同义替换) to ordinary citizens. 2. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ ① v. (使) 结合;组合;融合;兼备;联合(语义:把两种 / 多种事物合并,各自仍保留自身特点,不完全融为一体) 常用搭配 · combine A with/and B 把 A 与 B 结合起来(高考最高频搭配) · combine to do sth 联合起来做某事;共同促成某事 · combine sth into sth 把…… 合并成…… ② 派生词combination n. [C,U] 结合;组合;混合物combined adj. 联合的;组合的combinable adj. 可结合的 易混辨析 combine & connect & unite · combine:结合、兼备,事物保留原有特征 combine A with B · connect:连接,建立关联,物体不融合 connect A to/with B · unite:团结,合并成单一整体,强调统一 高考必背例句 We should combine theory with practice.我们应当把理论和实践相结合。 Several factors combined to cause the accident.多种因素共同促成了这起事故。 The hotel combines comfort with convenience.这家酒店兼具舒适与便利。 作文万能句式: The activity combines learning with fun, which benefits teenagers a lot.这项活动将学习与乐趣相结合,使青少年受益匪浅。 补充考点 语法填空高频:动词考名词 combination;固定介词 with combine to do:多个因素共同造成,阅读完形熟义僻用 写作高分短语:combine A with B, 【即学即练】 1 It is necessary for us to combine knowledge ________ practical experience. (介词填空) 2 The ________ (combine) of advanced technology and traditional culture creates amazing works. 3 Two small firms ________ (combine) into one large company last year. 4 Good food and enough sleep combine ________ (keep) your body healthy. 3. nevertheless nevertheless /ˌnevəðəˈles/ ① adv. 然而;不过;尽管如此(高考阅读、完形高频逻辑副词,写作高分替换 however) 语义:承认前面事实,但后面出现转折,“虽说如此,但还是……”同义替换:however, nonetheless辨析:nevertheless:偏书面,让步转折,“尽管有前述情况,仍然……”however:普通转折,可以放在句首、句中、句末 位置用法: 句首,后加逗号:Nevertheless, … 句中,前后逗号:… , nevertheless, … 句末,前面加逗号:… , nevertheless. 常见搭配 but nevertheless 不过尽管如此 and yet nevertheless 然而 ② conj. 然而(较少用,高考主要考副词用法) 高考必背例句 He was very tired. Nevertheless, he kept working.他十分疲惫,尽管如此,他仍然继续工作。 The task was difficult. They finished it on time, nevertheless.这项任务很难,不过他们还是按时完成了。 作文万能句式: The challenges are real. Nevertheless, we should never give up our dreams.挑战真实存在,尽管如此,我们永远不应放弃梦想。 补充考点: 完形逻辑判断:前文讲不利条件,后文讲依旧做某事,优先选 nevertheless(让步转折≠普通但是) 写作:替换 however,提升书面档次;不要和 but 连用在同一个分句(but 是连词,nevertheless 副词) 如:But nevertheless he succeeded.(错误:同一句内不要叠加) He was faced with difficulties. Nevertheless, he succeeded.(正确:) 【即学即练】 (选用 but /nevertheless 填空;词形、语法填空) 1 The weather was terrible. ________, we decided to go out for a hike. 2 He had failed many times. He was ________ determined to make another attempt. 3 There is no doubt that the plan has shortcomings; ________, it is still worth trying. ④ It is hard work. It is rewarding, ________. 4. cease cease /siːs/ ① vi. & vt. (使) 停止;终止;结束 常用搭配 cease doing sth 停止做某事(停下正在做的事) cease to do sth 不再做某事(渐渐不再,状态终止) cease fire 停火 cease from sth 停止某事 ② 派生词 ceaseless adj. 持续的;不停的 ceaselessly adv. 不停地;持续地 cessation n. [U] 停止,终止(书面) 易混辨析 cease:书面正式用语,终止、不再存在;可接 doing /to do stop:普通用词,stop doing 停下;stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 quit:口语,放弃、辞职 quit doing 高考必背例句 The noise ceased at midnight.噪音在午夜时分停止了。 They ceased working for lack of money.由于资金短缺,他们停止了工作。 The old man ceased to live with his son.这位老人不再和儿子一起居住。 作文万能句式: We should never cease pursuing our goals in face of difficulties.面对困难,我们永远不应停止追求目标。 补充考点 cease doing 停止正在进行;cease to do 不再(状态消失),完形辨析考点 书面词汇,阅读高频;写作可替换普通 stop,提升档次 词形转换语法填空:cease → ceaseless /cessation 【即学即练】 1 The factory ceased ________ (produce) plastic products for environmental reasons. 2 With the ________ (cease) of the heavy rain, people went back home. 3 The wartorn country longed for a ________ (cease) flow of supplies for its citizens.(派生词) 4 (改序号) The scientist ceased ________ (publish) papers after retirement; he no longer had interest in research. 一、词汇易混辨析 1. nevertheless / predict / forecast 1 predict /prɪˈdɪkt/vt. 预言;预测;预料(依据证据、知识做出推测) 2 forecast /ˈfɔːkɑːst/vt.&n. 预报;预测(侧重对事态发展做出预估,多用于天气、经济、形势) 常用搭配 predict predict (that)… 预言 / 预料…… predict what/whether… 预测…… It is predicted that… 据预测…… forecast weather forecast 天气预报 forecast economic growth 预测经济增长 forecast that… 预测…… 派生词 predict → prediction n. 预测;预言→ predictable adj. 可预料的→ unpredictable adj. 难以预测的 forecast → forecaster n. 预报员→ forecasted / forecast (过去式过去分词两种均可) 易混辨析 predict:通用词。根据事实、经验、逻辑预言将来会发生什么,可用于大事小事,不一定是公开公布。 can predict the result 预料结果 forecast:偏向公开对外发布的预估。高频用于天气、经济、行情、局势;名词用法非常多。 weather forecast 天气预报;forecast sales 预估销量 简单区分:天气、经济数据 →多用 forecast 事情结局、人的行为走向、事件后果 →多用 predict 高考必背例句 It is predicted that robot technology will change our daily life.据预测机器人技术将会改变我们的日常生活。 Few people could predict how the conflict would end.几乎没有人能预料这场冲突将如何收场。 The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow.天气预报说明天会下雨。 Experts forecast that prices will rise sharply next year.专家预测明年物价会大幅上涨。 作文万能句式: It is hard to predict how AI will influence our future society.很难预测人工智能将会如何影响我们未来的社会。 补充考点 语法填空:It is predicted that… 固定句型;词形转换 predict → prediction /predictable 完形区分:看到 weather、economy 优先选 forecast;侧重预料人的行为、事件结局选 predict forecast 过去分词两种形式 forecast /forecasted 高考都认可 【即学即练】 ① It is ________ (predict) that more young people will choose remote work.② According to the weather ________ (forecast), a heavy storm is on the way.③ No one could ________ (predict/forecast) his sudden change of mind.④ Economists ________ (forecast) a fall in housing prices last month.(过去式) 1. combine /connect/unite combine:把事物融合在一起,各自仍可区分,侧重结合、兼备 connect:“连接”,两者之间建立联系,物体本身不融合 connect A to/with B unite:团结,合并成一个整体,强调统一 unite: 合为一体 combine v. (使) 结合;兼备。 把两样 / 多样事物融合到一起,个体依旧保留、可以区分开。 搭配:combine A with/and B;be combined with Combine work with pleasure. 劳逸结合。 The film combines humor and sadness. 这部电影兼具幽默与伤感。(两样特质同时存在,互不消失) connect v. 连接;联系。 两者之间搭建桥梁、产生关联,物体本身并不互相融合,依旧独立分开。 搭配:connect A to/with B Connect the computer to the printer. 把电脑连上打印机。(两者独立,只是有线相连) The study connects stress with sleep loss.这项研究把压力和失眠联系在一起。(建立逻辑关联) unite v. 团结;联合;统一。 多个个体合并,形成一个完整的新整体,强调同心、一体化。 The two nations united to fight against the enemy.两国团结起来对抗敌人。(目标一致,结成统一力量) They united the three small companies into one.他们把三家小公司合并成一家。 对比差异 Combine milk and eggs. 把牛奶和鸡蛋混合。(都还在,只是混在一起) Connect the two pipes. 把两根管子接起来。(管子各自独立,接口相连) Unite the two groups. 将两个小组合并 / 团结起来。(成为一个统一集体) 派生词速记 combination n. 结合;组合 in combination with 与…… 相结合 connection n. 联系;连接 union n. 联合;联盟;工会 【即学即练】 1. We should ________ theory with practice. (combine / connect / unite) 2. This railway ________ the two cities. (combine / connect / unite) 3. People ________ against the common threat. (combine / connect / unite) 4. ________ with patience, talent can create wonders. (Combine 变形) 2. oppose & reject & refuse 1 oppose /əˈpəʊz/vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠;与…… 角逐 2 reject /rɪˈdʒekt/vt. 拒绝接受;不予考虑;摒弃;驳回 3 refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/v. 拒绝;不肯(做某事) 常用搭配 oppose oppose sth 反对某事(直接接宾语,不接 to do) be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事(高频!to 是介词,后接名词 /doing) reject reject sth 拒绝某物;驳回提议 / 计划;摒弃想法 reject an offer /plan/suggestion 拒绝提议 / 计划 refuse refuse sth 拒绝某物 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事(不能接 doing) 派生词 oppose → opposed adj. 反对的;对立的→ opposing adj. 对抗的;对立的→ opposition n. 反对;反抗;反对派 reject → rejection n. 拒绝;驳回;摒弃 refuse → refusal n. 拒绝 易混辨析 oppose:侧重观点、立场上反对政策、计划、行为;主观持反对态度,不一定拒绝实物。 oppose the new law 反对新法案 reject:语气强,断然拒绝、驳回;把事物完全否定、丢弃;宾语常是计划、建议、申请、物品;一般不接 to do,只接名词。 reject one’s application 驳回申请 refuse:普通用词,不肯、不愿去做;可以接物品;高频结构 refuse to do sth。 refuse to apologize 拒绝道歉 快速做题区分: 立场上反对某政策 / 观点 → oppose(重点记 be opposed to doing) 驳回申请、提案,彻底摒弃想法 → reject 拒绝去做某动作 → refuse to do sth 高考必背例句 Many local residents oppose the construction of the factory.许多当地居民反对修建这家工厂。 Most citizens are opposed to cutting down the old trees.大多数市民反对砍伐古树。 The committee rejected his proposal.委员会驳回了他的提案。 He refused to answer the reporter’s question.他拒绝回答记者的问题。 作文万能句式: Some people are opposed to the idea while others reject it completely.一部分人反对这个观点,而另一部分人则完全摒弃它。 补充考点 be opposed to doing,to 是介词,语法填空必考,不要写 to do oppose直接接名词 refuse + to do; reject 只接名词宾语,不接 todo; 完形语气强弱:reject > refuse;oppose 侧重立场反对 【即学即练】 1 He is opposed to ________ (build) a new highway through the park. 2 The young man refused ________ (follow) his parents’ advice. 3 The board ________ (reject) his plan for lack of money last week.(过去式) 4 His ________ (refuse) to cooperate made the situation worse. 5 They firmly ________ (oppose) any change to the rules at the meeting yesterday.(过去式) 3. advocate & appeal to 1 advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/vt. 提倡;主张;拥护  /ˈædvəkət/n. 倡导者;支持者 2 appeal to 动词短语:呼吁;恳求;对…… 有吸引力;向…… 上诉 常用搭配 advocate advocate sth 提倡 / 主张某事 advocate doing sth 提倡做某事(⚠️不接 to do,后接名词 /doing) an advocate for sth …… 的倡导者 appeal to appeal to sb for sth 向某人恳求某事 appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事 sth appeal (s) to sb 某物对某人有吸引力 appeal to a higher court 向上级法院上诉 派生词 advocate → advocacy n. [U] 拥护;提倡;主张 appeal → appeal n. 呼吁;吸引力;上诉→ appealing adj. 有吸引力的;动人的 易混辨析 advocate:侧重公开主张、倡导某种理念 / 政策,主语可以是人、文章,“提倡”,只表达观点,不直接号召别人行动;后接 doing,不能接 to do。 advocate protecting wild animals 倡导保护野生动物 appeal to两层核心含义:1)呼吁、恳求:公开号召他人采取行动,句型 appeal to sb to do sth;2)对…… 有吸引力(阅读完形高频熟义)sth appeals to sb = sth attracts sb。 简单做题区分: · 提倡某种观点、政策 → advocate doing · 呼吁某人去做某事 → appeal to sb to do · 某物吸引某人 → sth appeal (s) to sb 高考必背例句 Many experts advocate reducing students’ heavy study burden.许多专家提倡减轻学生沉重的学业负担。 He is an advocate for environmental protection.他是一名环保倡导者。 The organization appeals to people to save every drop of water.该组织呼吁人们节约每一滴水。 Modern art does not appeal to everyone.现代艺术并不是对所有人都有吸引力。 作文万能句式: Experts advocate taking regular exercise, while public ads appeal to us to value our health.专家提倡定期锻炼,而公益广告呼吁我们珍视健康。 【即学即练】 1 The expert advocates ________ (limit) screen time for teenagers. 2 The charity appealed to the public ________ (donate) money for homeless people. 3 Bright colours are ________ (appeal) to young customers. 4 His ________ (advocate) of green lifestyle has won wide support. ⑤ The show failed ________ (appeal to /advocate) most teenagers, so it was soon cancelled. 二、短语搭配易错 1. absence /ˈæbsəns/ 易错搭配 ① n. 缺席;不在;缺乏 核心高频搭配 · absence from + 地点 / 活动 缺席(会议、学校等) absence from school/meeting 缺课 / 缺席会议(介词from易错用) · in the absence of sb 在某人不在的时候 In the absence of the manager, I will take charge.经理不在时,由我负责。 · in the absence of sth 在缺乏…… 的情况下(写作高分句型) In the absence of enough support, the project failed.缺乏足够支持,项目失败。 关键区分 absence from + 人 / 活动:人缺席、不在场 in the absence of + 人 / 物:没有……;缺乏…… 派生词易错(absent) absent adj. 缺席的 be absent from … 缺席…… absentminded adj. 心不在焉的 反义词对照 absence n. 缺席 ↔ presence n. 出席be absent from ↔ be present at 高考必背例句 In the absence of timely help, many local people suffered a lot.在缺乏及时援助的情况下,很多当地人遭受很多苦难。 His long absence from home made his parents anxious.他长期不在家,令父母十分担忧。 作文万能句式: In the absence of selfdiscipline, it is hard for teenagers to make progress.缺乏自律,青少年很难取得进步。 【即学即练】 1 His absence ________ the sports meeting was due to injury. (介词) 2 In the absence ________ modern equipment, they finished the task manually. (介词) 3 He was ________ (absence) from office last week.④ In the ________ (absent) of my parents, I had to look after my little sister. 2. resist /rɪˈzɪst/ 易错搭配 & 高考陷阱 ① vt.&vi. 抵制;反抗;抵挡;忍住;抗(伤害) 核心搭配(高频易错) resist doing sth 忍住 / 抵抗做某事(重点:resist 后面只能接 doing,不能接 to do!) can’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事(完形高频短语)= can’t help doing sth 忍不住做…… resist sth 抵抗;抗拒(诱惑、疾病、外力)resist temptation 抵制诱惑resist disease 抵御疾病 派生词易错 resist → resistance n. 抵抗;抵制;阻力→ resistant adj. 有抵抗力的;抗…… 的;耐…… 的be resistant to sth 抗……;耐……(介词 to,不能用 of) be resistant to cold 耐寒 介词错误(resistant) This material is resistant to heat. 这种材料耐热。 His resistance to change surprised us.他对变革的抗拒让我们感到意外。 词义熟词僻义:resist 表 “忍住”,不是 “反对” He could not resist eating the cake.他忍不住吃了蛋糕。≠ 他反对吃蛋糕。 易混辨析 resist:主动去抵抗、忍住; oppose:立场上反对观点政策(be opposed to doing) 高考必背例句 She could not resist admiring the beautiful scenery.她忍不住赞叹这美丽的景色。 This kind of crop is resistant to dry weather.这种农作物耐旱。 There is strong resistance to the new rule.对于这项新规定存在强烈抵制。 作文万能句式: We should learn to resist being attracted by useless online information.我们应当学会抵制被无用网络信息诱惑。 【即学即练】 1 I couldn’t resist ________ (tell) him the secret. 2 The insects have become ________ (resist) to this chemical. 3 People showed strong ________ (resist) to the new policy. 4 The metal is resistant ________ rust.(填介词) $

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Unit 2 Period 3 Using Language(知识清单)英语人教版选择性必修第一册
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Unit 2 Period 3 Using Language(知识清单)英语人教版选择性必修第一册
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Unit 2 Period 3 Using Language(知识清单)英语人教版选择性必修第一册
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