03 Unit 1 Period Three Learning About Language（Grammar）（Word课后习题）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册学生用书（人教版）

Period Three　Learning About Language (Grammar) Ⅰ.1.that　2.whether　3.what　4.where　5.when 6.where　7.because　8.why　9.that　10.that Ⅱ.1.The reason why I recommend him is that 2.that it’s difficult for me to fall asleep every night 3.when you should lay it down 4.that my body was weak and that my grades needed to be improved/improving Ⅲ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国天宫空间站进入应用和发展阶段的成就、获得全球认可的原因,以及中国航天工程师的追求和空间站的重要意义。 1.has achieved　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处为固定句型“It is the first time that…”,that从句中需用现在完成时;主语building an independent long-term inhabited space station by a non-Western country为单数概念,故填has achieved。 2.that　考查表语从句。此处引导表语从句,从句句意完整、成分齐全,所以用that引导表语从句。故填that。 3.running　考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构,宾语three cabin sections与run之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作宾补。故填running。 4.with　考查介词。此处为固定搭配associate…with…,意为“把……与……联系起来”。故填with。 5.The　考查冠词。此处desire后有介词短语of Chinese aerospace engineers to advance space technology作后置定语,特指“中国航天工程师推进太空技术的愿望”,所以用定冠词修饰,且位于句首,首字母大写。故填The。 6.ambitious　考查形容词。此处修饰名词plan,需用形容词作定语;ambition的形容词形式为ambitious,意为“宏伟的,有雄心的”。故填ambitious。 7.It　考查形式主语。此处为固定句型“It is widely recognized that…”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,it在此处仅起指代作用,避免句子头重脚轻,且位于句首,首字母大写。故填It。 8.adaptation　考查名词。此处作从句的主语,需用名词形式;adapt的名词形式为adaptation,意为“适应”,为不可数名词。故填adaptation。 9.optimistically　考查副词。此处修饰动词worked,需用副词作状语;optimistic的副词形式为optimistically,意为“乐观地”。故填optimistically。 10.to explore　考查非谓语动词。此处为固定结构:provide sth for sb to do sth,其中不定式作目的状语,因此此处用不定式,故填to explore。 Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍研究人员研发出将食物废料转化为飞机燃料的方法,阐述了其优势、原理及推广难点,凸显环保价值。 1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While cars are shifting towards electric batteries, airplanes face a bigger challenge: plane fuel carries about 50 times more energy than standard lithium batteries (锂电池)per kilogram, making long electric flights currently impossible.”(虽然汽车正转向电池驱动,但飞机面临着更大的挑战:每公斤飞机燃料的能量约为标准锂电池的50倍,这使得目前长途电动飞行无法实现。)可知,标准电池因单位重量的能量过低,不适合飞机使用,核心问题与重量相关。故选A项。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Tests confirmed the fuel passes standards set by aviation authorities without requiring special additives, meaning it could theoretically power commercial planes today.”可推断,伊利诺伊大学团队制成的油(转化后为燃料)符合所需标准。故选C项。 3.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“This research not only presents a promising way to reduce plane emissions but also turns a common waste problem into a potential resource for cleaner air travel.”可知,作者用“有前景的”评价该技术,体现出支持的态度。故选A项。 4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,第一段点明核心“将食物废料转化为飞机燃料”,后文围绕该技术的原理、优势、难点展开,核心是“变废为宝”。结合第一段“One person’s trash (废弃物) could soon become another person’s plane fuel.”(一个人的废弃物可能很快会变成另一个人的飞机燃料。)可知,“Turn trash into treasure.”(变废为宝。)最能概括全文。故选D项。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长和教育者可以通过日常活动、动手实验、科学书籍及游戏等方式,从小培养孩子对科学的热爱和科学思维。 1.F　根据上文“Children are naturally curious, and everyday life presents countless opportunities to engage (使参与) them in scientific thinking.”(孩子们天生充满好奇心,日常生活中存在着无数机会能让他们参与到科学思考中来。)以及后文“And when a child asks questions like ‘Why do leaves turn yellow in autumn?’, encourage them to explore answers together rather than simply provide one.”可知,前文提到日常生活中存在无数让孩子进行科学思考的机会,后文讲孩子提出科学问题时应共同探索。F选项“鼓励孩子们收集树叶、观察昆虫或者留意自然界中的规律。”列举了收集树叶、观察昆虫等活动,与前文形成顺承关系,既呼应了“日常生活”的场景,又自然引出了后文孩子可能产生的疑问,符合语境。故选F。 2.E　根据后文“An easy experiment like testing what objects sink in water makes science both exciting and accessible. When children see results first-hand, they develop a better understanding of scientific concepts.”可知,后文以测试物体沉水的简单实验为例,说明动手实验能让科学更有趣易懂。E选项“没有什么比亲手进行实验更能让孩子们对科学产生兴趣的了。”指出动手实验最能让孩子对科学感兴趣,既承接前文“培养孩子科学思维”的核心话题,又引出后文对动手实验的具体阐述,形成总述与分述的顺承关系,符合语境。故选E。 3.G　根据上文“When children see results first-hand, they develop a better understanding of scientific concepts.”(当孩子们亲眼看到实验结果时,他们就能更好地理解科学概念。)以及后文“It will help them develop a sense of discovery and fun.”(这将有助于他们培养探索精神和乐趣感。)可知,前文说明孩子通过实验能更好地理解科学概念,后文讲这会培养孩子的探索欲和乐趣。G选项“因此,为他们提供参与安全且简单的实验的机会。”以so引出“为孩子们提供参与安全、简单的实验的机会”的结论,与前文形成因果关系,且后文的it指代该项中的做法,衔接自然,符合语境。故选G。 4.B　根据上文“Besides hands-on experiments, books are an excellent way to introduce young children to science. Many children’s books incorporate scientific concepts in a fun and engaging way. Picture books about space, dinosaurs, the ocean, or simple physics can introduce difficult ideas in a relatable manner. After reading, ask children questions like ‘What do you think would happen next?’.”可知,前文提到阅读科学书籍后可向孩子提问,引导其思考。B选项“这能进一步激发他们的思考能力。”中this指代前文的提问行为,说明该行为能进一步鼓励孩子思考,与前文形成顺承关系,补充了阅读互动的意义,符合语境。故选B。 5.D　根据上文“Additionally, children learn best through play, and incorporating science into their playtime can make it more engaging.”(此外,孩子们通过玩耍能学到最多的知识,将科学知识融入他们的游戏过程中能够使其更具吸引力。)以及后文“Pretend play scenarios (剧本) where kids act as scientists, astronauts, or engineers enable them to get involved in discovery and problem-solving. The key is to make science feel like a natural and enjoyable part of everyday play.”可知,前文陈述将科学融入游戏中能让孩子更投入,后文具体介绍了孩子们扮演科学家、宇航员等游戏场景。D选项“角色扮演游戏能鼓励他们进行科学探索。”强调角色扮演游戏能鼓励科学探索,承接前文“科学+游戏”的方向,引出后文的具体举例,形成总述与分述的顺承关系,符合语境。故选D。 Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍人类探索宇宙的梦想、中国航天成就及科学家精神,强调青年投身航天的重要性。 1.Exploring　考查非谓语动词。此处作句子主语,用动名词形式,explore的动名词为exploring,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Exploring。 2.who　考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Yang Liwei,指人,在从句中作主语,用关系代词who。故填who。 3.a　考查冠词。此处为固定搭配a solid foundation,意为“扎实的基础”,用不定冠词a。故填a。 4.are faced　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为固定搭配be faced with,意为“面临”,主语they为复数,句子为一般现在时,所以用are faced。故填are faced。 5.that　考查表语从句。此处为固定句型“The reason why…is that…”,意为“……的原因是……”,此处引导表语从句用连接词that。故填that。 6.more valuable　考查形容词比较级。根据than可知,此处用valuable的比较级形式more valuable。故填more valuable。 7.devotion　考查名词。此处位于形容词性物主代词their之后,用devote的名词形式devotion,为不可数名词。故填devotion。 8.to make　考查非谓语动词。此处为固定搭配expect to do sth,意为“期望做某事”,用动词不定式to make作宾语。故填to make。 9.positively　考查副词。此处修饰动词joining,用positive的副词形式positively。故填positively。 10.to　考查介词。此处为固定搭配adapt to,意为“适应”,用介词to。故填to。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Three　Learning About Language (Grammar) ●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) 1.The result of the invention of the steam engine was 　　　　　　human power was replaced by mechanical power.   2.Her biggest doubt was 　　　　　　she should trust the stranger.   3.As John Lennon once said, life is 　　　　happens to you while you are busy making other plans.   4.Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. It’s 　　　　　　our children can’t reach it.   5.The last time we had great fun together was 　　　　　　we were visiting the Water Park.   6.The little girl who got lost decided to remain 　　　　　　she was and wait for her mother.   7.From space, the earth looks blue. That’s 　　　　　　about 71% of its surface is covered by water.   8.He was born here. That’s 　　　　　　he likes the place so much.   9.The teacher’s requirement is 　　　　　　we should recite the passage in twenty minutes.   10.The reason why he can’t go with you is 　　　　　　he has something important to do.   ●Ⅱ 语法与写作(每小题3分,满分12分) 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 he has outstanding leadership skills and a strong sense of responsibility. 我推荐他的原因是他有出色的领导能力和强烈的责任感。  2.What troubles me most is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.   最困扰我的是,我每天晚上都很难入睡。 3.If you are addicted to your mobile phone, that’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　and be involved in meaningful activities. (表语从句)   如果你沉迷于手机,那么该是你放下手机,参加有意义的活动的时候了。 4.What I can still remember is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when I was a junior school student.   我仍然记得的是,当我还是初中生时,我身体虚弱,成绩有待提高。 ●Ⅲ 语篇填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) [2026·江西宜春高二期末] China’s Tiangong Space Station, a landmark of the country’s aerospace frontier, has entered the application and development stage. It is the first time that building an independent long-term inhabited space station by a non-Western country 1.　　　　　　 (achieve) such remarkable progress in on-orbit scientific experiments.   The reason why Tiangong gains global praise is 2.　　　　　　 it supports various research in fields like life science and microgravity physics. With three cabin sections 3.　　　　　　 (run) stably in orbit, astronauts can carry out complex experiments smoothly. People often associate Tiangong 4.　　　　　　 technological innovation, but it also serves as a platform for international space cooperation.   5.　　　　　　 desire of Chinese aerospace engineers to advance space technology never weakens. Their 6.　　　　 (ambition) plan to expand the station’s functions has inspired many young researchers. 7.　　　　　　 is widely recognized that the 8.　　　　　　 (adapt) to the extreme space environment is a key challenge for astronauts. Despite the tough conditions, the research team worked 9.　　　　　　 (optimistic) to ensure the success of every mission.   Tiangong provides a unique space lab for human beings 10.　　　　　 (explore) the universe, and it has become a symbol of China’s rising scientific and technological strength.  ●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分) [2026·河北张家口高二期末] One person’s trash (废弃物) could soon become another person’s plane fuel. Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have developed a method to turn food waste into fuel that can power airplanes. Their study, published in Nature Communications, shows this fuel meets all industry standards for regular plane fuel. This innovation comes at a crucial time. Transportation produces nearly 30% of US greenhouse gas emissions (排放), with commercial flights contributing about 7%. While cars are shifting towards electric batteries, airplanes face a bigger challenge: plane fuel carries about 50 times more energy than standard lithium batteries (锂电池) per kilogram, making long electric flights currently impossible. Biofuels from plants have been used in cars for years, but they haven’t worked well for planes because of strict chemical requirements. This is where food waste offers a new solution. The Illinois team collected waste from food-processing plants and used a process called hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL)—like a high-tech pressure cooker—to quickly turn it into crude oil (原油). They then cleaned the oil: removing impurities like salt and ash. What remained were the exact hydrocarbons needed for plane fuel. Tests confirmed the fuel passes standards set by aviation authorities without requiring special additives, meaning it could theoretically power commercial planes today. “We take the waste and recover energy to make a usable product,” said Professor Yuanhui Zhang, highlighting the shift towards a circular economy. However, expanding the technology from lab experiments to fueling entire planes remains a major problem. It will require significant time, fund, and industrial cooperation. As Zhang notes, “Our research solves the science and engineering problems—then industry can step in.” This research not only presents a promising way to reduce plane emissions but also turns a common waste problem into a potential resource for cleaner air travel. (　)1.What made standard batteries unsuitable for planes? A.Weight. 　　　　B.Price. C.Shape. D.Quality. (　)2.What can be inferred about the oil made by the Illinois team? A.It promises huge profits. B.It needs special additives. C.It meets required standards. D.It’s made in food-processing plants. (　)3.What is the author’s attitude towards the technology? A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Indifferent. D.Critical. (　)4.Which of the following best sums up the text? A.All roads lead to Rome. B.Green outweighs growth. C.Make food out of fuel. D.Turn trash into treasure. ●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) [2026·广东汕尾高二期末] Encouraging a love for science from an early age sets the foundation for curiosity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Science is all around us, and by incorporating (融合) it into everyday activities, parents and educators can develop children’s natural wonder about the world. Children are naturally curious, and everyday life presents countless opportunities to engage (使参与) them in scientific thinking. 1.　　　　 And when a child asks questions like “Why do leaves turn yellow in autumn?”, encourage them to explore answers together rather than simply provide one.  2.　　　　 An easy experiment like testing what objects sink in water makes science both exciting and accessible. When children see results first-hand, they develop a better understanding of scientific concepts. 3.　　　　 It will help them develop a sense of discovery and fun.  Besides hands-on experiments, books are an excellent way to introduce young children to science. Many children’s books incorporate scientific concepts in a fun and engaging way. Picture books about space, dinosaurs, the ocean, or simple physics can introduce difficult ideas in a relatable manner. After reading, ask children questions like “What do you think would happen next?”. 4.　　　  Additionally, children learn best through play, and incorporating science into their playtime can make it more engaging. 5.　　　　 Pretend play scenarios (剧本) where kids act as scientists, astronauts, or engineers enable them to get involved in discovery and problem-solving. The key is to make science feel like a natural and enjoyable part of everyday play.  A.Take kids on science-focused outings. B.This can further encourage their thinking. C.Observing helps children develop their imagination. D.Role-playing games can encourage scientific exploration. E.Nothing excites kids about science more than hands-on experiments. F.Encourage kids to collect leaves, observe insects, or notice patterns in nature. G.So provide them with opportunities to engage in safe and simple experiments. ●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) [2026·吉林延边高二期末] 1.　　　　 (explore) the unknown universe has long been a great dream of humanity, which is why many scientists devote themselves to aerospace research. Yang Liwei, 2.　　　　 was China’s first astronaut in space, set a milestone in our country’s aerospace history.  His journey inspired countless young people to develop an interest in science. It is necessary for young learners to master basic scientific knowledge, and 3.　　　　 solid foundation in science can help them achieve their dreams. When they 4.　　　　 (face) with difficulties in research, scientists never give up easily.  The reason why scientists pursue international cooperation is 5.　　　　 we can make faster progress in space technology. In fact, no achievement is 6.　　　　　　　　 (valuable) than the spirit of persistence. Scientists have made continuous efforts to realize the dream, and their 7.　　　　 (devote) has won widespread respect. They expect 8.　　　　 (make) more contributions to human exploration, and it is clear that our future in space will be promising.  Now, more young people are joining the team 9.　　　　 (positive) and bringing new ideas and energy. We believe that with their efforts to adapt 10.　　　　 the fast pace of science and technology, we will overcome all challenges and make greater breakthroughs.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $