02 Unit 1 Period Two Reading and Thinking—Language points（Word课后习题）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册学生用书（人教版）

Period Two　Reading and Thinking—Language points ●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分12分) 1.Jack was so 　　　　　　(severe) injured in the accident that he could not walk by himself.   2.In the early 19th century, cholera broke out in Europe, 　　　　　　(lead) to millions of deaths.   3.Washing hands frequently can effectively prevent bacterial 　　　　　　(infect) because it removes harmful germs.   4.When things go wrong, all of us naturally feel disappointed and 　　　　　　(frustrate).   5.At first, we 　　　　　　(suspect), but we finally convinced them of our honesty.   6.With many tasks 　　　　　　(handle), Tom is not available for our party at present.   7.There is convincing 　　　　　　(prove) that skin cancer is linked to exposure to the sun.   8.The witnesses gave us two completely 　　　　　　(contradict) descriptions.   ●Ⅱ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分12分) 1.Avoid close contact with anyone with a cold or flu-like symptoms in case you 　　　　　　　　　(感染) the virus.   2.Reading at grade level when kids are young 　　　　　　　　　　　(与……息息相关) how well they will do in school later.   3.　　　　 (幸亏,由于) their great teamwork, the project was completed on time.   4.It was the professor that 　　　　　　　　(因……而应受责备) what had happened in the lab.   5.We’re going to look into the root cause of the failure and get it resolved 　　　　　　(最终地,彻底地).   6.All the people present 　　　　　　(赞同) the proposal put forward by the chairman.   ●Ⅲ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分9分) 1.One of their plans is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(表语从句)   他们的计划之一是要引进更多的高级人才。 2.Our company is sure to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to every destination safely.(have sth done) 我们公司一定会把客户的货物安全地送到每一个目的地。   3.His wounds 　　　　　　　　　　　　　he could hardly move before being sent to the hospital. (so…that…)   他的伤势非常严重,以至于在被送往医院前他几乎无法动弹。 ●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分) [2026·江西赣州高二期末] Plastic pollution remains one of the most serious environmental problems worldwide. For many years, scientists have tried to create workable biodegradable (可生物降解的) alternatives. However, many plastics, including those using natural materials like bamboo or seaweed, have often been difficult to break down effectively on a large scale, limiting their real-world use. An important step forward now comes from research at Rutgers University, inspired by nature’s own efficient systems. Noticing that natural materials such as DNA break down relatively easily, researchers found the reason: these biological molecules (分子) contain special built-in chemical parts known as “neighbouring groups”. These groups help the material break down from within. By creating artificial versions of these parts and adding them during the plastic-making process, scientists can now design materials with a specific, planned lifespan—whether meant to last days, months, or years. This new technology is to create plastics with finely-tuned lifespans that could quickly break down, showing great promise for short-use items. Products like food packaging and other short-lived consumer materials could be made to stay strong during use but degrade safely soon after, offering a clear environmental benefit. However, the technology has limits. It is not yet suitable for long-term uses where materials must stay strong for decades, such as in buildings or cars. Another current drawback is its need for UV light, including ordinary sunlight, to start the breaking-down process. This means plastics thrown away in landfills or covered up will not break down as they should. Key issues must be solved before wide use. The safety of the small pieces left after breakdown needs careful testing to make sure they are not harmful to nature. Scientists are still working to improve the system, mainly aiming to enable decomposition (分解) without light exposure. Still, this progress in creating plastics with a planned lifespan is a significant move forward. By building controlled breakdown into the material itself, it opens a practical path towards smarter plastics that do their job and then safely disappear, which could help reduce the lasting problem of plastic pollution. (　)1.What is the advantage of the new plastic developed by researchers? A.It’s stronger than traditional plastic. B.Its breakdown time can be precisely set. C.It decomposes faster than regular plastic. D.It’s made entirely from natural materials. (　)2.What enables the new plastic to break down? A.Being buried underground for months. B.Exposure to high temperatures in landfills. C.Natural materials like seaweed or bamboo. D.Special chemical groups added during production. (　)3.What can we know about the decomposition process? A.It works better in wet conditions. B.It requires high temperatures to start. C.Dark environments prevent decomposition. D.The breakdown products are definitely safe. (　)4.What does the author think of the new technology? A.Useless. 　　　　　B.Promising. C.Perfect. D.Impractical. ●Ⅴ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) [2026·河北邯郸高二联考] China’s first key national R & D project equipment for high-altitude wind energy—the world’s largest 5,000-square-metre power-generating kite—1.　　　　　　 (successful) completed all scheduled flight tests in Alxa Left Banner, North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, on Wednesday.  The China-made kite, 2.　　　　　　 (develop) under a national programme led by China Energy Engineering Corp., achieved full in-air deployment and retraction (部署与回收) during testing, 3.　　　　　　 (mark) a solid step towards the engineering 4.　　　　　　 (apply) of high-altitude wind power technology in China.  Looking like a giant kite, the power-generating kite can collect wind energy above 300 metres high and transmit it to the ground through a tether cable (电缆) that drives a generator. The 5.　　　　　　 (late) test carried out the deployment and retraction of both a 5,000-square-metre kite and two 1,200-square-metre kites.  High-altitude wind energy, often described as 6.　　　　　　 untouched “no man’s land” of renewable power, offers significant potential thanks to its higher wind speeds, stable directions, 7.　　　　　　 greater energy density. Currently two main technological paths 8.　　　　　　　　　 (explore) globally—airborne and ground-based systems—but there is still a long way to go. In the airborne approach, lightweight wind turbines (风力涡轮机) are fixed on flying platforms 9.　　　　　 (generate) electricity in the sky. The recent test focused on the ground-based model, 10.　　　　　　 a working wind turbine deployed at high altitude captures wind energy to drive a ground-based generator.  ●Ⅵ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分) [2025·湖南长沙高二期末] For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace 　1　 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 　2　 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器).   How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 　3　 exploring it? That’s a tale of 　4　 written in the stars.   Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was 　5　 of her enthusiasm for science. But she doubted how far she’d be able to 　6　 in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she 　7　 the offer.   Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 　8　 to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her 　9　. But she didn’t 　10　.“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”   Then came another 　11　 moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be 　12　 to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Centre.   This February, when the Perseverance rover 　13　 on the surface of Mars, it was accompanied by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language 　14　.   Trujillo’s own story is 　15　 that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.   (　)1.A.sponsor 　　　B.ambassador C.engineer D.leader (　)2.A.suitable B.responsible C.capable D.remarkable (　)3.A.actually B.gradually C.accurately D.repeatedly (　)4.A.curiosity B.kindness C.enthusiasm D.talent (　)5.A.certain B.anxious C.content D.fond (　)6.A.adapt B.motivate C.rise D.apply (　)7.A.made up B.brightened up C.picked up D.took up (　)8.A.measures B.events C.jobs D.steps (　)9.A.studies B.teachings C.lectures D.investigations (　)10.A.commit B.conclude C.compete D.complain (　)11.A.life-changing B.goal-setting C.eye-opening D.heart-warming (　)12.A.connected B.admitted C.arranged D.planned (　)13.A.stressed B.produced C.landed D.touched (　)14.A.advertisement B.broadcast C.comment D.performance (　)15.A.truth B.information C.expectation D.proof 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Two　Reading and Thinking—Language points Ⅰ.1.severely　2.leading　3.infection　4.frustrated 5.were suspected　6.to handle　7.proof　8.contradictory Ⅱ.1.are infected with　2.is closely linked to/with 3.Thanks to　4.was to blame for　5.once and for all 6.subscribe(d) to Ⅲ.1.that they will bring in more advanced talents 2.have the customers’ goods delivered 3.were so serious that Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。罗格斯大学研发出可预设降解时间的新型塑料,它添入了特殊化学基团,需紫外线启动分解,虽存在局限但为缓解塑料污染提供了实用路径。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“By creating artificial versions of these parts and adding them during the plastic-making process, scientists can now design materials with a specific, planned lifespan—whether meant to last days, months, or years.”可知,这款新塑料的优势是其分解时间可以被精确设定。故选B项。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段“Noticing that natural materials such as DNA break down relatively easily, researchers found the reason: these biological molecules (分子) contain special built-in chemical parts known as ‘neighbouring groups’. These groups help the material break down from within. By creating artificial versions of these parts and adding them during the plastic-making process, scientists can now design materials with a specific, planned lifespan—whether meant to last days, months, or years.”可知,生产过程中添加的特殊化学基团让新塑料能够分解。故选D项。 3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段“Another current drawback is its need for UV light, including ordinary sunlight, to start the breaking-down process. This means plastics thrown away in landfills or covered up will not break down as they should.”[目前的另一个缺点是,它需要紫外线(包括普通阳光)来启动分解过程。这意味着被扔进垃圾填埋场或被遮盖的塑料将无法正常分解。]可知,黑暗的环境会阻碍其分解。故选C项。 4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, this progress in creating plastics with a planned lifespan is a significant move forward. By building controlled breakdown into the material itself, it opens a practical path towards smarter plastics that do their job and then safely disappear, which could help reduce the lasting problem of plastic pollution.”(尽管如此,在研发具有预设使用寿命的塑料方面取得的这一进展仍是一项意义重大的突破。通过在材料本身融入可控降解设计,这种技术为研发更智能的塑料开辟了切实可行的路径——这类塑料既能发挥其应有功能,随后又能安全降解,进而有望缓解塑料污染这一长期存在的难题。)可知,作者认为这项新技术是有前景的。故选B项。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国首个高空风能国家重点研发项目设备——世界上最大的5000平方米发电风筝,在内蒙古阿拉善左旗成功完成所有预定飞行测试。 1.successfully　考查副词。空处修饰动词completed,应用副词successfully作状语。故填successfully。 2.developed　考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为achieved,因此空处需填非谓语动词,develop和the China-made kite之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填developed。 3.marking　考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作状语,空格前的分句“实现空中完整部署与回收”这一动作,自然带来了“标志着坚实一步”的结果。mark 与逻辑主语(前面整个分句)之间是主动关系,因此用现在分词marking作结果状语。故填marking。 4.application　考查名词。空处应填名词application,作宾语,此处表示抽象概念,不可数。故填application。 5.latest　考查形容词。此处指“此次最新的测试”,需要用形容词 latest(最新的)修饰名词 test。故填latest。 6.an　考查冠词。此处泛指“一片尚未开发的‘无人区’”,应用不定冠词,untouched为发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 7.and　考查连词。higher wind speeds,stable directions和greater energy density之间为并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。 8.are being explored　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处为句子谓语动词,根据currently可知,句子应用现在进行时,主语technological paths和explore之间为被动关系,应用现在进行时的被动语态,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填are being explored。 9.to generate　考查非谓语动词。轻型风力涡轮机被安装在飞行平台上的“目的”是在空中发电,空处在句中表示目的,应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to generate。 10.where　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词model在定语从句中作抽象地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Trujillo凭借自己的努力和毅力一步步成为美国宇航局的工程师的故事。 1.C　由上文“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.”和下文“…who leads a team at the NASA laboratory…”可知,她是一位工程师。故选C。 sponsor赞助者;ambassador大使;engineer工程师;leader领导者。 2.B　由上文“…who leads a team at the NASA laboratory…”和下文“…for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover(火星探测器).”可知,她领导的团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。故选B。suitable合适的;responsible负责任的;capable有能力的; remarkable显著的。 3.A　由上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to…”和第一段提到的她现在是一位航天领域的工程师可知,此处指她从单纯的对宇宙的梦想转变为实际探索宇宙,故选A。actually事实上;gradually逐渐地;accurately准确地;repeatedly重复地。 4.C　由上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to…”和下文“…of her enthusiasm for science.”可知,她对探索星空充满了热情,故选C。 curiosity好奇;kindness善良;enthusiasm热情;talent天赋。 5.A　由下文“…of her enthusiasm for science.”可知,她在小时候就坚信自己对科学的热情,故选A。certain确定的;anxious焦虑的;content满意的;fond喜欢的。 6.C　由上文“But she doubted how far she’d be able to…”可知,此处指她不知道自己在男性主导的领域能走多远,地位能提高多少。故选C。 adapt适应;motivate激励;rise升起,地位提高;apply应用。 7.D　由上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.”和下文the offer可知,她接受爸爸让她去迈阿密的建议。故选D。make up弥补;brighten up使更加明亮;pick up捡起;take up从事,接受(挑战、任务等)。 8.C　由下文“Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way…”可知,她从事了一系列家政工作,来赚钱帮助自己完成学业。故选C。measure方法;event事件;job工作;step步骤。 9.A　由上文“…to put herself through Miami Dade College.”可知,她做家政工作是为了赚钱支付学费。故选A。studies学业;teaching教导;lecture讲座;investigation调查。 10.D　由下文“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”可知,她把遇到的一切都当作机会,这说明她没有抱怨。故选D。commit投入;conclude总结;compete竞争;complain抱怨。 11.A　由下文“She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be…to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Centre.”可知,另一个改变她人生的时刻到来了。故选A。life-changing 改变人生的;goal-setting设定目标的;eye-opening令人瞠目的;heart-warming暖心的。 12.B　由下文to the NASA Academy可知,她被美国宇航局学院录取。be admitted to为固定搭配,意为“被……录取”。故选B。 connect联系;admit承认,准许进入;arrange安排;plan计划。 13.C　由下文on the surface of Mars可知,此处指“毅力号”火星探测器登陆火星表面。故选C。 stress强调;produce生产;land登陆,落地;touch触碰。 14.B　由上文“…it was accompanied by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language…”可知,此处指在广播中做解说。故选B。 advertisement广告;broadcast广播;comment评论;performance表演。 15.D　由下文“…that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.”可知,她的故事证明,在障碍之外,存在着无限的机会。故选D。 truth事实;information信息;expectation期望;proof证据,证明。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $