01 Unit 1 Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension（Word课后习题）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册学生用书（人教版）

Unit 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Period One　　Reading and Thinking—Comprehension ●Ⅰ 品句识词(每小题1分,满分4分) 1.The team leader infected his teammates with his spirit of perseverance, and they finally achieved the goal.　　　　　  2.He looked around nervously, suspecting that he was being watched. 　　　　　  3.The company hired a professional team to handle the complex project. 　　　　　  4.I subscribe to several magazines to keep up with the latest trends in fashion and technology. 　　　　　  ●Ⅱ 单词拼写(每小题1分,满分8分) 1.She felt 　　　　　　(沮丧的) when her computer crashed just before she could save her work.   2.Due to the 　　　　　　(极为恶劣的)weather, the outdoor concert was postponed to ensure the safety of all attendees.   3.Qi, a kind of energy that flows through the body, performs 　　　　　　(多种多样的) functions in maintaining health.   4.He gave two 　　　　　　(相互矛盾的) explanations, leaving all of us doubtful about his honesty.  5.The World Wildlife Fund warns that, without the urgent government 　　　　　(介入,干涉), koalas in eastern Australia could be extinct by 2050.   6.Oil is an important 　　　　　　(未经处理的) material that can be processed into many different products, including plastics.   7.Undoubtedly, it is his marriage that has completely 　　　　　　(改变) him into a caring man.   8.He knows 　　　　　　(大量的) grammar rules, but he can’t speak the language fluently.   ●Ⅲ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分16分) 1.The prisoner’s statement 　　　　　　(与……相矛盾) the one he’d made earlier.   2.The drug, which 　　　　　　(被怀疑) having severe side effects, has been withdrawn from the market.   3.The application must be made within twenty-four hours, or it will not be 　　　　　　(处理,受理).   4.　　　　　　 (迟早) you will appreciate the beauty of this language.   5.　　　　　　　　 (由于) the heavy fog, all flights have been delayed.   6.The report discloses that human error 　　　　　　　(应对……负责) the accident.   7.The little girl almost 　　　　　　　　(死于) fright when she suddenly encountered a fierce dog on the dark street.   8.　　　　　　　　　　　 (经过不懈努力), the rescue workers finally dug out the survivors from the ruins.   ●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分) [2026·浙江杭州高二期末] Space engineer Barbara Braun is working to turn the dream of living on Mars into reality, starting in a remote part of Utah, a place whose environment has much in common with that of Mars. As a mission officer, she leads missions that copy life on Mars to test how humans can survive in space. Braun studied space engineering at MIT and also became a qualified emergency medical worker—someone trained to give emergency medical care. This skill later proved to be extremely valuable. Her most important test was a two-week mission at Utah’s Mars Desert Research Station. As the health and safety officer, she led explorations in simulated (模拟的) spacesuits, where her team tested technologies like 3D mapping drones and radiation-detecting tools. The mission was full of challenges. The team had to deal with many unexpected problems from broken spacesuits to a broken toilet. Solving such practical issues was a core part of the experience. “There’s no pipe repairer on Mars,” she says, “so you need to be handy.” Braun’s wide range of skills sets her apart. Her training as an emergency medical worker, combined with volunteer work as a firefighter, helped her develop skills needed for space exploration: thinking quickly and staying calm in stressful situations. She believes these practical experiences are as important as her school education. “These experiences prepared me for the unexpected—on Earth and Mars,” she notes, highlighting the connection between her daily life and her space-related work. Looking ahead, Braun acknowledges challenges like radiation but remains optimistic. She believes building a community on Mars will require all kinds of people, not just scientists. “We need pipe repairers, metal workers, and everyday people in space,” she says. To young space lovers, her advice is to read widely and try out different things with passion—you never know which skill will prepare you for space. Through her work, Braun is helping to make humanity’s next space home a reality. (　)1.Why does Barbara Braun conduct her work in a remote part of Utah? A.It is available to humans. B.It has advanced technology. C.It has emergency medical care. D.It has a similar environment to Mars. (　)2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.The function of Utah’s Mars Desert Research Station. B.The advanced technologies tested in the Mars mission. C.The Mars simulation mission and its tough difficulties. D.The responsibilities of a health and safety officer in space. (　)3.What can we learn from Braun’s advice? A.Practice makes perfect. B.Many skills make light work. C.Books are the ladder to success. D.Where there’s passion, there’s success. (　)4.Which of the following words can best describe Barbara Braun? A.Knowledgeable and mild. B.Ambitious and generous. C.Passionate and all-round. D.Specialized and conventional. ●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) Characteristics of an excellent scientist The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences.1.　　　　 Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.   Curiosity An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work.2.　　　　   Patience Becoming a scientist takes a long time. 3.　　　　 Even if you think you have received some education in science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification (即时满足的) type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.   Ethical (道德的) qualities In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. 4.　　　　 Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.   Working habits 5.　　　　 In addition to this, he/she can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed, and he/she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.   A.To make discoveries, you have to think differently. B.There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. C.It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods. D.One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory. E.An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind. F.A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion. G.Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process. ●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) [2026·山东德州高二期末] Dr Jane Goodall, a well-known zoologist, died of natural causes on Wednesday in California on a speaking tour of the US. Born in 1934 and 1.　　　　　　 (raise) in London, Dr Goodall said she had been fascinated by animals since childhood. She 2.　　　　　　 (gain) international recognition for her pioneering research on chimpanzees in Tanzania in the 1960s. Her most famous discovery that chimpanzees use tools was praised as a moment 3.　　　　　　 redefined humankind, and revolutionized science.   Goodall’s groundbreaking observations, from chimpanzee hunting behaviour to their capacity for compassion, laid the foundation 4.　　　　　 modern primatology (灵长类动物学) and influenced diverse 5.　　　　　 (field) such as human health, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Widely regarded as the world’s foremost expert on chimpanzees, she devoted more than six decades to 6.　　　　 (study) their social and family interactions in the wild.   As chimpanzees became endangered, since 1986, Goodall has shifted her emphasis from research to 7.　　　　　 (conserve), travelling the world giving lectures, visiting schools 8.　　　　　 teaching young people about the environment. She spent more than 300 days a year on the road in more than three decades.   Goodall’s contribution lies in her firm belief that “every individual matters”. Her work inspired generations 9.　　　　　　 (respect) and protect nature, leaving 10.　　　　　　 permanent mark on science, and humanity’s relationship with the natural world.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1　 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Period One　　Reading and Thinking—Comprehension Ⅰ.1.使感染,影响　2.怀疑　3.处理　4.订购,订阅 Ⅱ.1.frustrated　2.severe　3.multiple　4.contradictory　5.intervention　6.raw　7.transformed　8.substantial Ⅲ.1.was contradictory to　2.is suspected of　3.attended to 4.In time　5.As a result of　6.is to blame for　7.died of　8.With/Through tireless efforts Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了航天工程师Barbara Braun在犹他州开展火星生存模拟实验的工作,讲述了其模拟任务的挑战、多元技能的重要性,并分享了她对航天探索的看法和给航天爱好者的建议。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“…starting in a remote part of Utah, a place whose environment has much in common with that of Mars.”(……从犹他州的一个偏远地区开始,这个地方的环境与火星的环境有很多共同之处。)可知,Barbara Braun在犹他州偏远地区开展工作是因为这里的环境和火星相似。故选D。 2.C　段落大意题。根据第二段中“Her most important test was a two-week mission at Utah’s Mars Desert Research Station.”(她最重要的测试是在犹他州火星沙漠研究站进行的为期两周的任务。)和“The mission was full of challenges. The team had to deal with many unexpected problems from broken spacesuits to a broken toilet.”(这次任务充满了挑战。团队不得不处理许多意想不到的问题,从宇航服破损到马桶故障。)可知,第二段主要讲述了火星模拟任务以及任务中遇到的困难。故选C。 3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中“To young space lovers, her advice is to read widely and try out different things with passion—you never know which skill will prepare you for space.”(对于年轻的航天爱好者,她的建议是广泛阅读,满怀热情地尝试不同的事物——你永远不知道哪种技能会为你的航天之路做好准备。)可知,Braun的建议体现了掌握多种技能能助力完成航天相关工作,契合“Many skills make light work.”(技多不压身。)的内涵。故选B。 4.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Braun’s wide range of skills sets her apart.”(Braun的多种技能让她脱颖而出。)和第四段中“To young space lovers, her advice is to read widely and try out different things with passion…”以及她为实现火星居住梦想所做的一系列工作可知,Braun既满怀热情,又具备多方面的能力,是个全能的人。故选C。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了优秀的科学家具有的一些品质。 1.C　根据上文“The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences.”可知,上文提到了字典对科学家这一名词的解释。C项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人。”接着解释这一名词,与上文构成并列关系,符合逻辑,其中also defines是关键信息。故选C。 2.G　根据本段小标题Curiosity以及上文“An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.”可知,该段说明优秀科学家要具备的一个品质就是有好奇心。空格处应该与“好奇心”有关,G项“如果一个科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力,他/她就永远无法进入科学过程的第一阶段。”符合语境。故选G。 3.B　根据本段小标题Patience以及上文“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.”可知,成为科学家需要很长的时间,并且需要一定的耐心。由此推知,空格处应该介绍与“耐心和时间”有关的内容。B项“很少有工作比这个工作需要更长的时间。”符合语境。故选B。 4.F　根据本段小标题Ethical(道德的) qualities以及下文“Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.”可知,科学家要诚实、坚持真理,这是优秀科学家的特征的体现。由此推知,空格处应该介绍与科学家的“道德品质”有关的内容。F项“科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果,而不考虑个人利益或舆论。”符合语境。故选F。 5.E　根据本段小标题Working habits以及后文“In addition to this, he/she can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed, and he/she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.”可知,本段主要讲工作习惯,且下文介绍了科学家良好的工作习惯。E项“一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结果并牢记在心。”也是工作习惯。故选E。 Ⅵ.【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了著名动物学家Jane Goodall博士的生平、研究贡献以及她从研究转向环保事业的转变,同时强调了她对科学和人类与自然关系的深远影响。 1.raised　考查非谓语动词。主句已存在谓语动词said,设空处需用非谓语动词作状语。Dr Goodall与raise之间为被动关系,即“被抚养长大”,因此需用过去分词作状语。故填raised。 2.gained　考查动词时态。根据时间状语in the 1960s可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,应使用一般过去时。故填gained。 3.that/which　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为a moment,指物,且在定语从句中作主语,因此可用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 4.for　考查介词。固定搭配lay the foundation for意为“为……奠定基础”。故填for。 5.fields　考查名词复数。diverse意为“多样的”,后接可数名词复数。故填fields。 6.studying　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配devote…to doing sth意为“致力于做某事”,其中to为介词,后接动名词作宾语。故填studying。 7.conservation　考查名词。固定搭配from…to…意为“从……到……”,此处作介词to的宾语,应使用名词形式conservation,意为“保护”,是不可数名词。故填conservation。 8.and　考查连词。分析句子结构,giving lectures,visiting schools和teaching young people是三个并列的现在分词短语,作伴随状语,需用并列连词and连接。故填and。 9.to respect　考查非谓语动词。固定结构inspire sb to do sth意为“激励某人做某事”,此处用不定式作宾补。故填to respect。 10.a　考查冠词。mark为可数名词,此处泛指“一个永久的印记”,且permanent发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a。故填a。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $