01-Unit 1 Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehension（课件PPT）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第二册配套课件（人教版）

Period One Reading and Thinking— Comprehension 1 John Snow John Snow被认为是流行病学最早的创始人之一,同时又是最初 研究和计算麻醉药剂量的医生。 John Snow was a British physician. He was born on 15 March, 1813 in York, England. He was the first of nine children born to William and Frances Snow in their North Street home. His neighbourhood was one of the poorest in the city and was always in danger of flooding. His father worked in the local coal yards. 主题素养积累 2 Snow studied in York until the age of 14. He graduated from the University of London in December 1844, and was admitted to the Royal College of Physicians in 1850. Snow was one of the first physicians to study and calculate drug doses (剂量) for use in surgical anaesthesia (麻醉). John Snow is considered to be one of the fathers of epidemiology (流行病学) because of his work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in Soho, England, in 1854. He used a spot map to illustrate how cases of cholera were 主题素养积累 centred around the pump. He also made a solid use of statistics to illustrate the connection between the quality of the source of water and cholera cases. He showed that companies taking water from sewage-polluted sections of the Thames delivered water to homes with an increased incidence of cholera. Snow's study was a major event in the history of public health, and could be regarded as the founding event of the science of epidemiology. 主题素养积累 At the age of 45, Snow suffered a stroke while working in his London office on 10 June, 1858. He never recovered, died on 16 June, 1858 and was buried in Brompton Cemetery. John Snow was voted the greatest physician of all time in a poll of British doctors in 2003.#1.6 主题素养积累 【主题词句背诵】 1.in danger of 有……的危险→in danger 处于危险之中 2.be admitted to 获准进入;被……录取 3.outbreak n.爆发,突然发生→break out 爆发,突然发生 4.spot map 标点地图 5.illustrate vt.(用示例、图画等)解释，说明 6.deliver sth to sb/a place 把某物运送至某人/某地 7.of all time 有史以来 主题素养积累 6 课前自主探究 课后习题 7 Task 1: Text Structure Analysing JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” About cholera and John Snow Cholera, which is a 1.________ illness, used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world. When an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, causing millions of deaths, John Snow became 2.___________. In time, he rose to become famous, always desiring to destroy cholera once and for all severe frustrated 课前自主探究 8 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” Two 3.______________ theories explaining how cholera spread One theory was that bad air caused it. The other was that cholera was caused by an 4.__________ from germs in food or water, to which John Snow 5.____________ Finding 6. _______________ The water from the Broad Street pump 7.___________________ by waste. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by 8.___________ contradictory infection subscribed proof/evidence had been infected raw waste 续表 课前自主探究 9 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” The results Snow's tireless efforts led to a 9.____________ decrease of the threat of cholera around the world,and made people know how to prevent cholera. In his use of maps and statistics, Snow 10._____________ the way of studying diseases substantial transformed 续表 课前自主探究 10 Task 2: Fast Reading The passage mainly tells us ___________________________ __________________. how John Snow solved the problem of cholera 课前自主探究 11 Task 3: Careful Reading ( )1.Which of the following theories did John Snow subscribe to? A.Cholera was caused by bad air. B.Cholera came from germs in food or water. C.Cholera was caused by free beer. D.Cholera was caused by dirty food. √ 课前自主探究 12 ( )2.What was to blame for the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854? A.Polluted air. B.The water company. C.Beer out of date. D.Polluted water. ( )3.Why did some households have no deaths? A.They didn't take in bad air. B.They knew how to treat cholera. C.They didn't drink the water from the pump. D.They drank beer as well as water from the pump. √ √ 课前自主探究 13 ( )4.How did John Snow find out the cause of cholera? A.By living in the area where cholera broke out. B.By telling the people concerned how to prevent it. C.By saving the people suffering from cholera. D.By marking the victims' living places clearly on a map. √ 课前自主探究 14 Task 4: Micro-writing In the early 19th century, an outbreak of cholera hit Europe. No one knew how to prevent or treat it. John Snow, a British doctor, felt 1. __________ (frustrate). But he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and 2. ____ all. In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread, and Snow subscribed to the second theory that cholera 3. ____________ (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water. It was correct, but 4. ______ (prove) was still needed. He was determined to find out why. frustrated for was caused proof 课前自主探究 15 Snow began by 5. _________ (mark) on a map the exact places 6. _______ all those who died had lived. Snow doubted if the water pump was 7. __________ (blame). At last, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump 8. ________ (remove). Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks. 9. ___________ (fortunate),we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered 10. ____ father of modern epidemiology.#1.2 marking where to blame removed Fortunately the 课前自主探究 课 后 习 题 17 Ⅰ 品句识词(每小题1分,满分4分) 1.The team leader infected his teammates with his spirit of perseverance, and they finally achieved the goal. ____________ 使感染,影响 2.He looked around nervously, suspecting that he was being watched. ______ 怀疑 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 18 3.The company hired a professional team to handle the complex project. ______ 处理 4.I subscribe to several magazines to keep up with the latest trends in fashion and technology. __________ 订购,订阅 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 19 Ⅱ 单词拼写(每小题1分,满分8分) 1.She felt __________ (沮丧的) when her computer crashed just before she could save her work. frustrated 2.Due to the _______ (极为恶劣的)weather, the outdoor concert was postponed to ensure the safety of all attendees. severe 3.Qi, a kind of energy that flows through the body, performs _________ (多种多样的) functions in maintaining health. multiple 4.He gave two _____________ (相互矛盾的) explanations, leaving all of us doubtful about his honesty. contradictory 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 后 习 题 20 5.The World Wildlife Fund warns that, without the urgent government ____________ (介入,干涉), koalas in eastern Australia could be extinct by 2050. intervention 6.Oil is an important _____ (未经处理的) material that can be processed into many different products, including plastics. raw 7.Undoubtedly, it is his marriage that has completely ____________ (改变) him into a caring man. transformed 8.He knows ___________ (大量的) grammar rules, but he can't speak the language fluently. substantial 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 后 习 题 21 Ⅲ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分16分) 1.The prisoner's statement ____________________ (与……相矛盾) the one he'd made earlier. was contradictory to 2.The drug, which _______________ (被怀疑) having severe side effects, has been withdrawn from the market. is suspected of 3.The application must be made within twenty-four hours, or it will not be ____________ (处理,受理). attended to 4. ________ (迟早) you will appreciate the beauty of this language. In time 5. ______________ (由于) the heavy fog, all flights have been delayed. As a result of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 后 习 题 22 6.The report discloses that human error _______________ (应对……负责) the accident. is to blame for 7.The little girl almost ________ (死于) fright when she suddenly encountered a fierce dog on the dark street. died of 8. ___________________________ (经过不懈努力), the rescue workers finally dug out the survivors from the ruins. With/Through tireless efforts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 课 后 习 题 23 Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分10分) [2026·浙江杭州高二期末] Space engineer Barbara Braun is working to turn the dream of living on Mars into reality, starting in a remote part of Utah, a place whose environment has much in common with that of Mars. As a mission officer, she leads missions that copy life on Mars to test how humans can survive in space. Braun studied space engineering at MIT and also became a qualified 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 24 emergency medical worker—someone trained to give emergency medical care. This skill later proved to be extremely valuable. Her most important test was a two-week mission at Utah's Mars Desert Research Station. As the health and safety officer, she led explorations in simulated (模拟的) spacesuits, where her team tested technologies like 3D mapping drones and radiation- detecting tools. The mission was full of challenges. The team had to deal with many unexpected problems from broken spacesuits to a broken toilet. Solving such practical issues was a 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 core part of the experience. “There's no pipe repairer on Mars,” she says, “so you need to be handy.” Braun's wide range of skills sets her apart. Her training as an emergency medical worker, combined with volunteer work as a firefighter, helped her develop skills needed for space exploration: thinking quickly and staying calm in stressful situations. She believes these practical experiences are as important as her school education. “These experiences prepared me for the unexpected—on Earth and Mars,” she notes, 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 highlighting the connection between her daily life and her space-related work. Looking ahead, Braun acknowledges challenges like radiation but remains optimistic. She believes building a community on Mars will require all kinds of people, not just scientists. “We need pipe repairers, metal workers, and everyday people in space,” she says. To young space lovers, her advice is to read widely and try out different things with passion—you never know which skill will prepare you for space. Through her work, Braun is helping to make humanity's next space home a reality.#5 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了航天工程师Barbara Braun在犹他州开展火星生存模拟实验的工作，讲述了其模拟任务的 挑战、多元技能的重要性，并分享了她对航天探索的看法和给航天 爱好者的建议。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 28 ( )1.Why does Barbara Braun conduct her work in a remote part of Utah? A.It is available to humans. B.It has advanced technology. C.It has emergency medical care. D.It has a similar environment to Mars. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 29 [解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段中“…starting in a remote part of Utah, a place whose environment has much in common with that of Mars.”(……从犹他州的一个偏远地区开始，这个地方的环境 与火星的环境有很多共同之处。)可知，Barbara Braun在犹他州偏远 地区开展工作是因为这里的环境和火星相似。故选D。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 30 ( )2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.The function of Utah's Mars Desert Research Station. B.The advanced technologies tested in the Mars mission. C.The Mars simulation mission and its tough difficulties. D.The responsibilities of a health and safety officer in space. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 31 [解析] 段落大意题。根据第二段中“Her most important test was a two-week mission at Utah's Mars Desert Research Station.” (她最重要的测试是在犹他州火星沙漠研究站进行的为期两周的任 务。)和“The mission was full of challenges. The team had to deal with many unexpected problems from broken spacesuits to a broken toilet.”(这次任务充满了挑战。团队不得不处理许多意想不 到的问题，从宇航服破损到马桶故障。)可知，第二段主要讲述了火 星模拟任务以及任务中遇到的困难。故选C。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 32 ( )3.What can we learn from Braun's advice? A.Practice makes perfect. B.Many skills make light work. C.Books are the ladder to success. D.Where there's passion, there's success. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 33 [解析] 推理判断题。根据第四段中“To young space lovers, her advice is to read widely and try out different things with passion—you never know which skill will prepare you for space.”(对于年轻的航天爱好者，她的建议是广泛阅读，满怀热情地 尝试不同的事物——你永远不知道哪种技能会为你的航天之路做好 准备。)可知，Braun的建议体现了掌握多种技能能助力完成航天相 关工作，契合“Many skills make light work.”(技多不压身。)的内涵。 故选B。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 34 ( )4.Which of the following words can best describe Barbara Braun? A.Knowledgeable and mild. B.Ambitious and generous. C.Passionate and all-round. D.Specialized and conventional. √ 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 35 [解析] 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Braun's wide range of skills sets her apart.”(Braun的多种技能让她脱颖而出。)和第四段中“To young space lovers, her advice is to read widely and try out different things with passion…”以及她为实现火星居住梦想所做的 一系列工作可知，Braun既满怀热情，又具备多方面的能力，是个全 能的人。故选C。 1 2 3 4 课 后 习 题 36 Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Characteristics of an excellent scientist The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences.1. ___ Let's look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist. C Curiosity An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work.2. ___ G 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 37 Patience Becoming a scientist takes a long time.3. ___ Even if you think you have received some education in science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you're an instant- gratification (即时满足的) type of person, this may not be the best choice for you. B 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 38 Ethical (道德的) qualities In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people's life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. 4. ___ Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence. F 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 39 Working habits 5. ___ In addition to this, he/she can work well alone or in groups, depending on what's needed, and he/she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new. E 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 40 A.To make discoveries, you have to think differently. B.There are very few jobs that take longer than this one. C.It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods. D.One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory. E.An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind. 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 41 F.A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion. G.Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process.#7 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了优秀的科学家具 有的一些品质。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 1. ___ C [解析] 根据上文“The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences.”可知,上文提到了字典对科学家这一名词 的解释。C项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人。”接着解释这 一名词,与上文构成并列关系,符合逻辑,其中also defines是关键信息。 故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 43 2. ___ G [解析] 根据本段小标题Curiosity以及上文“An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.”可知,该段说明优秀科学家要具 备的一个品质就是有好奇心。空格处应该与“好奇心”有关,G项“如果 一个科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力,他/她就永远无法进入科学过程 的第一阶段。”符合语境。故选G。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 44 3. ___ B [解析] 根据本段小标题Patience以及上文“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.”可知,成为科学家需要很长的时间,并且需要一定 的耐心。由此推知，空格处应该介绍与“耐心和时间”有关的内容。B 项“很少有工作比这个工作需要更长的时间。”符合语境。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 45 4. ___ F [解析] 根据本段小标题Ethical(道德的) qualities以及下文“Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence.”可知, 科学家要诚实、坚持真理,这是优秀科学家的特征的体现。由此推知, 空格处应该介绍与科学家的“道德品质”有关的内容。F项“科学家必须 诚实地报告研究结果,而不考虑个人利益或舆论。”符合语境。故选F。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 46 5. ___ E [解析] 根据本段小标题Working habits以及后文“In addition to this, he/she can work well alone or in groups, depending on what's needed, and he/she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.”可知,本段主要讲工作习惯,且下文介绍了科学家良 好的工作习惯。E项“一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结 果并牢记在心。”也是工作习惯。故选E。 1 2 3 4 5 课 后 习 题 47 Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) [2026·山东德州高二期末] Dr Jane Goodall, a well-known zoologist, died of natural causes on Wednesday in California on a speaking tour of the US. Born in 1934 and 1. _______ (raise) in London, Dr Goodall said she had been fascinated by animals since childhood. She 2. ________ (gain) international recognition for her pioneering research on chimpanzees in Tanzania in the 1960s. Her most famous discovery that chimpanzees use tools was praised as a raised gained 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 48 moment 3. ___________ redefined humankind, and revolutionized science. Goodall's groundbreaking observations, from chimpanzee hunting behaviour to their capacity for compassion, laid the foundation 4. ____ modern primatology (灵长类动物学) and influenced diverse 5. ______ (field) such as human health, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Widely regarded as the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, she devoted more than six decades to 6. _________ (study) their social and family interactions in the wild. that/which for fields studying 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 As chimpanzees became endangered, since 1986, Goodall has shifted her emphasis from research to 7. _____________ (conserve), travelling the world giving lectures, visiting schools 8. _____ teaching young people about the environment. She spent more than 300 days a year on the road in more than three decades. Goodall's contribution lies in her firm belief that “every individual matters”. Her work inspired generations 9. ___________ (respect) and protect nature, leaving 10. ___ permanent mark on science, and humanity's relationship with the natural world.#1.4 conservation and to respect a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了著名动物学家Jane Goodall博士的生平、研究贡献以及她从研究转向环保事业的转变， 同时强调了她对科学和人类与自然关系的深远影响。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 51 1. _______ raised [解析] 考查非谓语动词。主句已存在谓语动词said，设空处需用非 谓语动词作状语。Dr Goodall与raise之间为被动关系，即“被抚养长 大”，因此需用过去分词作状语。故填raised。 2. ________ gained [解析] 考查动词时态。根据时间状语in the 1960s可知，此处描述 的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填gained。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 52 3. ___________ that/which [解析] 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a moment， 指物，且在定语从句中作主语，因此可用关系代词that或which引导。 故填that/which。 4. ____ for [解析] 考查介词。固定搭配lay the foundation for意为“为……奠定 基础”。故填for。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 53 5. ______ fields [解析] 考查名词复数。diverse意为“多样的”，后接可数名词复数。 故填fields。 6. _________ studying [解析] 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配devote…to doing sth意为“致力 于做某事”，其中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填studying。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 54 7. _____________ conservation [解析] 考查名词。固定搭配from…to…意为“从……到……”，此处作 介词to的宾语，应使用名词形式conservation，意为“保护”，是不可 数名词。故填conservation。 8. _____ and [解析] 考查连词。分析句子结构，giving lectures，visiting schools 和teaching young people是三个并列的现在分词短语，作伴随状语， 需用并列连词and连接。故填and。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 55 9. ___________ to respect [解析] 考查非谓语动词。固定结构inspire sb to do sth意为“激励某 人做某事”，此处用不定式作宾补。故填to respect。 10. ___ a [解析] 考查冠词。mark为可数名词，此处泛指“一个永久的印记”， 且permanent发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 课 后 习 题 56 $