Unit 6 Home, Sweet Home 情态动词can和could（核心语法精练）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制七年级上册

Unit 6 Home Sweet Home 核心语法精练 （情态动词can和could） 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．help 2．sort 3．not leave 4．could 5. Pardon 6．Could/Can 7．could 8．Could ride 9．could 10．could 11．could 12．could 13．could 14．pass 15．find 二、单项选择。 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15. A 三、完成句子。 1． if/whether could 2． not make 3．whether he could 4． Could you 5． Could I 6． Could you not 7． could afford 8． could I 9． could / may 10．Could walk 11． worried couldn’t 12． could remember 13．take out 14. put up 15．Could/Can invite 四、句型转换。 1． I can 2．so that could 3． Could borrow 4．no problem 5．Could you please 6．Could I borrow 7． Sorry I can’t 8． so that couldn’t 9．Could you 10．not hang 11．if/whether can/could 12．Could not play 13．lend me 14． Could/May I 15. may/could/might 一、语法选择 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．A 二、语法填空 1．has 2．are 3．them 4．to work 5．things 6．clean 7．day’s 8．give 9．thanks 10．to show 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Home Sweet Home 核心语法精练 （情态动词can和could） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 6 三、完成句子 9 四、句型转换 12 5 一、语法选择 15 二、短文填空 19 情态动词can和could could和can都情态动词，表示说话人的主观看法或语气。它没有人称和数的变化，也不能单独在句子中做谓语，但它可以与其后的不带to的动词不定式一起构成复合谓语。 1.can表示能力，常被译成“能，会”。过去式could，表示过去的能力。否定形式 couldn't。 Eg: I can sing English songs.我会唱英语歌曲。 Eg: I could look after myself when I was six.我六岁就能自己照顾自己了。 2.表示请求或许可，常被用来请求对方的许可，或表示说话人自己的许可。 Eg: Can I help you？我能帮你忙吗？ Eg: Can you go to the picnic with us tomorrow？明天你能和我们一起去野餐吗？ 3.情态动词 could 构成的问句用于委婉地向对方提出请求或征求对方的许可，语气比 can 委婉，但不表示过去，答语没有固定形式，符合语境即可。 ①.委婉地请求他人可用“Could you do..?"“Could you please do.…?” 提问 ， 若 同 意 请 求 可 以 说 “Certainly./Of course./With pleasure./No problem./Yes./Sure.”;若不同意请求可以说 “Sorry,I can't.”。 ②.委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事可用“Could I do…?”提问，被提问方若同意， 可以说“Yes,you can./Certainly./Sure.”;若不同 意，可以说"No,you can't./Sorry,I'′m afraid you can't.” 。 注意回答中用can, 而不是 could。 Eg: — Could I take a photo for you？我能给你拍张照吗？ — Of course,you can.当然了，你可以 。 Eg: — could I take a photo with you ?我可以跟你一起合影吗？ — No,you can’t.不，不可以。 4.情态动词的基本句式： 陈述句： 主语 +情态动词 + 动词原形+其他 。 Eg;He can ride a motorcycle.他会骑大摩托。 否定句： 主语 + 情态动词+not + 动词原形+其他 。 Eg: I can't ride a bike.我不会骑自行车。 一般疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + 情态动词. 否定回答： No, 主语 + 情态动词+not. Eg: Can he dance?他会跳舞吗？ 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．Could you please ________ (help) me work out the math problem? 2．Could you please ________ (sort) these toys into different boxes? 3．Could you please ________ (not leave) your dirty clothes everywhere? 4．He didn’t know he ________ (can) improve his speed by reading aloud. 5．________ (pardon) me, could you please tell me where I can enjoy the lantern fair？ 6．________ (Can) you please move a little bit to the right? 7．He ________ (can) be honest, but he chose to lie. 8．—________ you ________ (can) ride a bike when you were five? —Yes, I could. 9．“Can you tell me the way?” he asked. → He asked if I ________ (can) tell him the way. 10．The little boy ________ (can) not swim when he was five years old, but now he can swim very well. 11．He asked me whether I ________ (can) understand the body language of the local people. 12．She ________ (can) speak French then. 13．The boy ________ (can) play some of the most famous piano music in the world at the age of five. 14．Could you please __________ (pass) me the salt? 15．They called the police, but they couldn’t ________(find) anything strange. 二、单项选择。 1．—Dad, ________ I invite my friend Bob to our home on Sunday? —Of course, you ________. Hope you will have a good time. A．must; can’t B．can; could C．could; could D．could; can 2．—________ you please pass me the broom? I want to sweep the floor. —Sure, here you are. A．Must B．Could C．Should D．Need 3．—Mom, ________ I invite my friend to stay at our home tonight? —No, you can’t. It’s a school night. A．need B．must C．could D．should 4．—_________ I use your phone to call my dad? Mine is out of power. —Of course. Here you are. A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should 5．—________ I go to the cinema with my friends tonight, Mum? —OK, but you have to finish your homework first. A．Must B．Could C．Need D．Should 6．—Could you please sweep the floor? —Sorry, I ________. I have a stomachache and need to rest. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 7．—________ you help me clean the community garden tomorrow? —Of course. I’d love to. A．Must B．Could C．Should D．May 8．My sister ________ play the piano when she was 5, but now she plays it very well. A．can B．could C．couldn’t D．mustn’t 9．—Your little brother ________ play Chinese chess very well now. —Yes, but he ________ do it last year. A．can; could B．could; couldn’t C．can; couldn’t D．couldn’t; couldn’t 10．—Could I go out with my friends tonight? —Sure, you ________. But you must come back by 10. A．might B．could C．can D．must 11．The organiser of the activity told us that pleasure ________ not always come from expensive things. A．could B．must C．should D．need 12．—My sister told me that the earth________ around the sun when I was a kid. —That’s because she hoped that you ________ understand the truth of the universe better. A．went; could B．goes; can C．goes; could D．went; can 13．This special experience helped her go beyond what she thought she ________ do. A．can B．could C．must D．should 14．—Could you please help me sweep the floor? —________. I’m coming. A．With pleasure B．It doesn’t matter C．I hope so D．It’s up to you 15．________ any serious problems with this plan? A．Could there be B．There could be C．Could it be D．It could be 3、 完成句子。 1．我想知道你是否能够帮助我。 I wonder ________ you ________ help me. 2．请问你能不要在卧室里制造噪音吗？ Could you please ________ ________ noise in the bedroom? 3．这个男孩问他的母亲他是否可以去结冰的湖上滑冰。 The boy asked his mother ________ ________ ________ go skating or not on the frozen lake. 4．你可以告诉我一些关于地球的知识吗？ ________ ________ tell me something about the Earth? 5．——我忘记带词典了。我能用一下你的吗? ——是的, 你可以。 —I forgot to bring my dictionary. ________ ________ use yours? —Yes, you can. 6．——你能不要在走廊里跑了吗? ——抱歉, 我不会再那样做了。 —________ ________ please ________ run in the hallways? —Sorry, I won’t do that again. 7．随着人们越来越富裕，他们能够买得起像小汽车这样的昂贵商品。 As people got richer and richer, they ________ ________ expensive goods like cars. 8．李老师，我可以去卫生间吗?   Mr. Li, ________ ________ go to the toilets? 9．爸爸，我能用你的笔记本电脑查一下明天的天气吗？我的手机没电了。 Dad, ________ I use your laptop to check tomorrow’s weather? My phone is dead. 10．我度假的时候你能帮我遛狗吗？ ________ you please ________ my dog when I am on holiday? 11．她非常担心，以至于无法移动她的胳膊和腿。   She was so ________ that she ________ move her arms or legs. 12．有人曾经能在一小时内记住2530张扑克牌。 Someone once ________ ________ 2,530 playing cards in just one hour. 13．当你出去的时候，你能顺便把客厅的垃圾拿出去倒了吗？ Could you please ________ ________ the rubbish in the living room when you go out? 14．你可以把这些图片挂在墙上吗？ Could you please ________ ________ these photos on the wall? 15．——妈妈，我能邀请我的朋友们来我们新家吗？——当然，彼得。 —________ I ________ my friends to our new house, Mum? —Sure, Peter. 4、 句型转换。 1．Could you please sweep the floor? (作肯定回答) Sure, ________ ________. 2．She worked very hard. She wanted to play the lead role perfectly. (合并，用so that) She worked very hard ________ ________ she ________ play the lead role perfectly. 3．He can borrow my umbrella. (改为委婉请求句) ________ he ________ my umbrella? 4．Could you please take out the rubbish? (作肯定回答) Sure, ________ ________. 5．Please open the door for me. (用could改写句子) ________ ________ ________ open the door for me? 6．I want to borrow your dictionary. (用could改写句子) ________ ________ ________ your dictionary？ 7．Could you please wash the dishes? (作否定回答) ________, ________ ________. I have no time. 8．Tom was too scared to move. (改为同义句) Tom was ________ scared ________ he ________ move. 9．Turn off your mobile phone. (委婉请求) ________ ________ please turn off your mobile phone? 10．Could you hang up the photos on the wall? （改为否定请求） Could you ________ ________ up the photos on the wall? 11．Could you help me with my English? (改为宾语从句，I wonder…) I wonder ________ you ________ help me with my English. 12．Please don’t play outside before finishing homework.（同义句转换） ________ you please ________ outside before finishing homework? 13．Could I borrow your dictionary? (改为同义句) Could you ________ ________ your dictionary? 14．I want to hang up the painting on the wall. (改为委婉语气的同义句) ________ ________ hang up the painting on the wall? 15．I’m not sure if this is the correct answer. This ________ be the correct answer. 一、语法选择 It was a fine day. Everyone was out riding their nice bikes 1 except (除了) Ross. He was sad because he only got a(n) 2 bike. Ross pushed it into the garage (车库) and slowly walked into the house. “What’s wrong?” his mum asked. “You should be out riding with the other boys.” Ross said the bike was rusty (生锈的). His mum knew what his 3 was at that moment. She looked at Ross and said, “Let’s have a 4 day together. Follow me to the garage!” Later, Ross and his mum were busy in the garage. They took the bike 5 and cleaned the pieces. Then they 6 them red and yellow. Finally, they put them back together. When they finished, they were 7 surprised. Right in front of them was such a 8 bike. Ross hugged his mum and thanked her for all her 9 . His mum smiled and said, “I quite enjoy the day with you. Now go and ride with your friends.” As Ross rode, he heard the other boys 10 , “What a great bike! Can I get one?” 1．A．sadly B．happily C．angrily D．surprisingly 2．A．new B．old C．large D．small 3．A．problem B．story C．habit D．question 4．A．busy B．fun C．usual D．quiet 5．A．off B．out C．apart D．to 6．A．drew B．washed C．painted D．put 7．A．even B．each C．all D．both 8．A．clean B．beautiful C．useful D．dirty 9．A．interest B．help C．works D．skills 10．A．saying B．say C．tell D．telling 二、语法填空 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lily’s family is full of love. Lily loves her parents and she 1 (have) her ways to show her love. How about you? Parents love us best in the world. As children, we should do something to show our love to them. Here 2 (be) some of my ways. Draw a picture. You may think drawing a picture is a little thing, and most of you may never try it. My parents keep all the pictures for me. They say the pictures are important to 3 (they). So why not draw a picture for your parents? Clean the room. My dad and mum are busy every day. They need 4 (work) and do housework. All these 5 (thing) make them tired (疲惫的), so I always keep my room 6 (clean). How about your room? Make a meal. Parents are tired after a 7 (day) work. Making dinner for them can 8 (give) them a break. I am too young to do it by myself, so I ask my sister to help me cook. Say sorry and 9 (thank). If I do something wrong, I will say sorry to them. If I do that, they will know how I feel. After they do a thing for me, I always say thanks. I can also do something else for them 10 (show) I am sorry or I’m thankful. For example, I often write a letter to my parents. I think you can give it a try, too. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Home Sweet Home 核心语法精练 （情态动词can和could） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 6 三、完成句子 9 四、句型转换 12 5 一、语法选择 15 二、短文填空 19 情态动词can和could could和can都情态动词，表示说话人的主观看法或语气。它没有人称和数的变化，也不能单独在句子中做谓语，但它可以与其后的不带to的动词不定式一起构成复合谓语。 1.can表示能力，常被译成“能，会”。过去式could，表示过去的能力。否定形式 couldn't。 Eg: I can sing English songs.我会唱英语歌曲。 Eg: I could look after myself when I was six.我六岁就能自己照顾自己了。 2.表示请求或许可，常被用来请求对方的许可，或表示说话人自己的许可。 Eg: Can I help you？我能帮你忙吗？ Eg: Can you go to the picnic with us tomorrow？明天你能和我们一起去野餐吗？ 3.情态动词 could 构成的问句用于委婉地向对方提出请求或征求对方的许可，语气比 can 委婉，但不表示过去，答语没有固定形式，符合语境即可。 ①.委婉地请求他人可用“Could you do..?"“Could you please do.…?” 提问 ， 若 同 意 请 求 可 以 说 “Certainly./Of course./With pleasure./No problem./Yes./Sure.”;若不同意请求可以说 “Sorry,I can't.”。 ②.委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事可用“Could I do…?”提问，被提问方若同意， 可以说“Yes,you can./Certainly./Sure.”;若不同 意，可以说"No,you can't./Sorry,I'′m afraid you can't.” 。 注意回答中用can, 而不是 could。 Eg: — Could I take a photo for you？我能给你拍张照吗？ — Of course,you can.当然了，你可以 。 Eg: — could I take a photo with you ?我可以跟你一起合影吗？ — No,you can’t.不，不可以。 4.情态动词的基本句式： 陈述句： 主语 +情态动词 + 动词原形+其他 。 Eg;He can ride a motorcycle.他会骑大摩托。 否定句： 主语 + 情态动词+not + 动词原形+其他 。 Eg: I can't ride a bike.我不会骑自行车。 一般疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + 情态动词. 否定回答： No, 主语 + 情态动词+not. Eg: Can he dance?他会跳舞吗？ 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．Could you please ________ (help) me work out the math problem? 【答案】help 【详解】句意：你能帮我解这道数学题吗？情态动词could后接动词原形，固定搭配could you please+动词原形，表示委婉请求，故此处填动词原形help表示“帮助”。 2．Could you please ________ (sort) these toys into different boxes? 【答案】sort 【详解】句意：你能把这些玩具分到不同的盒子里吗？Could you please后接动词原形，表示“委婉请求”，sort是动词原形，无需变形。 3．Could you please ________ (not leave) your dirty clothes everywhere? 【答案】not leave 【详解】句意：请你不要把脏衣服到处乱放好吗？Could you please (not) do sth.?为表示委婉请求的固定句型，意为“请你（不要）做某事好吗？”，其否定结构直接在动词原形前加not，即“not+动词原形”。 4．He didn’t know he ________ (can) improve his speed by reading aloud. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：他过去并不知道自己可以通过大声朗读来提升速度。主句谓语动词“didn’t know”是一般过去时，根据时态一致原则，宾语从句的谓语动词也需用过去的某种时态；情态动词can的过去式为could。 5．________ (pardon) me, could you please tell me where I can enjoy the lantern fair？ 【答案】Pardon 【详解】句意：打扰一下，请问你能告诉我在哪里可以观赏灯会吗？pardon“原谅；打扰”，动词。固定交际短语Pardon me表示“打扰一下、不好意思”，用于句首单词首字母需要大写，符合语境。 6．________ (Can) you please move a little bit to the right? 【答案】Could/Can 【详解】句意：你能稍微往右边挪一点吗？请别人挪一下位置，需要委婉语气，用Could；也可用Can，语气更直白，置于句首，首字母大写。 7．He ________ (can) be honest, but he chose to lie. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：他本可以诚实，但却选择了撒谎。句中chose是choose的过去式，说明整句描述的是过去的情况，因此情态动词can要变为过去式could。 8．—________ you ________ (can) ride a bike when you were five? —Yes, I could. 【答案】 Could ride 【详解】句意：——你五岁时会骑自行车吗？——是的，我会。can意为“能；会”，是情态动词。根据时间状语“when you were five”及答句中的“could”可知，此处询问过去的能力，应用一般过去时，故第一空填could，句首首字母要大写；情态动词后接动词原形，故第二空填ride。 9．“Can you tell me the way?” he asked. → He asked if I ________ (can) tell him the way. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：“你能告诉我怎么走吗？”他问道。→他问我是否能告诉他怎么走。直接引语变间接引语，时态要后退，直接引语中的情态动词can在间接引语变成could，故填could。 10．The little boy ________ (can) not swim when he was five years old, but now he can swim very well. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：那个小男孩五岁时不会游泳，但现在他游得很好。can“能”，情态动词；根据“when he was five years old”可知，描述过去的能力，应用can的过去式could。故填could。 11．He asked me whether I ________ (can) understand the body language of the local people. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：他问我是否能理解当地人的肢体语言。can“能”，情态动词；主句谓语动词“asked”为一般过去时，宾语从句的时态需与其保持一致，故用can的过去式could。故填could。 12．She ________ (can) speak French then. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：那时她会说法语。“then”表示“那时”，是过去的时间，“can”的过去式是“could”，故填could。 13．The boy ________ (can) play some of the most famous piano music in the world at the age of five. 【答案】could 【详解】句意：这个男孩在五岁的时候就能演奏一些世界上最著名的钢琴曲。根据“at the age of five”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，情态动词can应用过去式could，后接动词原形。故填could。 14．Could you please __________ (pass) me the salt? 【答案】pass 【详解】句意：你可以给我递下盐吗？根据“could you please”后面接动词原形，表示“请求别人做某事”可知，应该填动词原形，pass“传递”，故填pass。 15．They called the police, but they couldn’t ________(find) anything strange. 【答案】find 【详解】句意：他们给警察打了电话，但他们没有发现任何奇怪的东西。find动词，找到、发现； couldn’t +动词原形。故填find。 二、单项选择。 1．—Dad, ________ I invite my friend Bob to our home on Sunday? —Of course, you ________. Hope you will have a good time. A．must; can’t B．can; could C．could; could D．could; can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——爸爸，周日我可以邀请我的朋友鲍勃来我们家吗?——当然可以。希望你们玩得开心。 must必须；can’t不能；could能，用于委婉语气；can能。第一空表示请求许可，用“could”表达委婉礼貌的语气；根据“Of course”可知，第二空需用“can”直接肯定。故选D。 2．—________ you please pass me the broom? I want to sweep the floor. —Sure, here you are. A．Must B．Could C．Should D．Need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能把扫帚递给我吗？我想扫地板。——当然，给你。 Must必须；Could可以，能够；Should应该；Need需要。根据答语“Sure, here you are.”可知，此处是在提出请求，“Could you please...?”是表示委婉请求的常用句型，符合语境。 3．—Mom, ________ I invite my friend to stay at our home tonight? —No, you can’t. It’s a school night. A．need B．must C．could D．should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今晚我可以邀请我的朋友住在我们家吗？——不，你不能。今天是上学的晚上。 need需要；must必须；could可以；should应该。根据答语“No, you can’t.”可知，问句是在请求许可。could用于疑问句中表示委婉地请求许可，符合语境。故选could。 4．—_________ I use your phone to call my dad? Mine is out of power. —Of course. Here you are. A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的电话给我爸爸打个电话吗？我的手机没电了。——当然可以。给你。 Must必须；Need需要；Could能/可以（表示礼貌的请求）；Should应该。根据答语“Of course. Here you are.”可知，这是一个表示请求的问句。在英语中，表示委婉、礼貌地请求许可时，常用Could I...?或May I...?，因此Could符合语境。 5．—________ I go to the cinema with my friends tonight, Mum? —OK, but you have to finish your homework first. A．Must B．Could C．Need D．Should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，今晚我可以和朋友去看电影吗？——好的，但是你必须先完成作业。 Must必须；Could可以；Need需要；Should应该。根据语境，此处是孩子向家长委婉请求许可，应填Could。 6．—Could you please sweep the floor? —Sorry, I ________. I have a stomachache and need to rest. A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——请你扫一下地好吗？——对不起，我不能。我胃痛需要休息。 can’t不能；couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止。问句中Could是委婉请求，并非过去时态，否定回答要用can’t；根据“I have a stomachache and need to rest.”可知，此处表示客观上不能做这件事，应选can’t。 7．—________ you help me clean the community garden tomorrow? —Of course. I’d love to. A．Must B．Could C．Should D．May 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你明天能帮我打扫社区花园吗？——当然。我很乐意。 Must必须；Could能（语气委婉）；Should应该；May可以。根据答语“Of course. I’d love to.”可知，此处是提出委婉的请求，常用Could you…?句型，语气比Can更客气。故选B。 8．My sister ________ play the piano when she was 5, but now she plays it very well. A．can B．could C．couldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妹妹5岁的时候不会弹钢琴，但现在她弹得很好。 can能，会；could能，会（过去式）；couldn’t不能，不会（过去式）；mustn’t禁止，不许。根据“when she was 5”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；根据转折连词“but”及后半句“now she plays it very well”可知，以前不会弹，现在弹得好，需用过去式的否定形式couldn’t。 9．—Your little brother ________ play Chinese chess very well now. —Yes, but he ________ do it last year. A．can; could B．could; couldn’t C．can; couldn’t D．couldn’t; couldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你弟弟现在象棋下得很好。——是的，但他去年还不会下。 由“now”可知，第一句是一般现在时，用“can”；由“last year”可知，第二句是一般过去时，按句意是去年还不会，应用“couldn’t”。应填“can; couldn’t”。 10．—Could I go out with my friends tonight? —Sure, you ________. But you must come back by 10. A．might B．could C．can D．must 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今晚我可以和朋友出去吗？——当然，你可以。但你必须10点前回来。 might可能；could可以；can可以；must必须。问句中“Could”用于委婉请求许可，肯定回答通常用can表示允许，而不用could。 11．The organiser of the activity told us that pleasure ________ not always come from expensive things. A．could B．must C．should D．need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：活动组织者告诉我们，快乐未必总是来自昂贵的东西。 could能，可能；must必须，一定；should应该；need需要。根据主句谓语动词told为过去式，宾语从句需遵循时态一致原则，can的过去式为could；且此处表示理论上的可能性，即“快乐未必总是来自昂贵的东西”，符合语境。 12．—My sister told me that the earth________ around the sun when I was a kid. —That’s because she hoped that you ________ understand the truth of the universe better. A．went; could B．goes; can C．goes; could D．went; can 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我小时候姐姐告诉我地球绕着太阳转。——那是因为她希望你能更好地了解宇宙的真相。 第一空：宾语从句中，描述客观真理要用一般现在时，the earth goes around the sun是客观真理，因此第一空用goes；第二空：主句hoped为一般过去时，从句表达希望达成的愿望，情态动词用could，呼应主句过去时态。 13．This special experience helped her go beyond what she thought she ________ do. A．can B．could C．must D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这段特殊的经历帮助她超越了她认为自己所能做到的。 can能；could能（过去式）；must必须；should应该。根据“This special experience helped her...”及“she thought”可知，主句和从句谓语动词均为过去时，根据时态一致原则，此处表示过去认为自己具备的能力，应用could。 14．—Could you please help me sweep the floor? —________. I’m coming. A．With pleasure B．It doesn’t matter C．I hope so D．It’s up to you 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能帮我扫一下地吗？——乐意之至。我这就来。 With pleasure乐意之至；It doesn’t matter没关系；I hope so我希望如此；It’s up to you由你决定。根据“Could you please help me...?”可知是请求帮助，结合“I’m coming.”可知乐意去做。 15．________ any serious problems with this plan? A．Could there be B．There could be C．Could it be D．It could be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个方案会不会存在一些严重问题？ Could there be会不会有（there be疑问句式）；There could be可能有（陈述句语序）；Could it be难道是；It could be它可能是。本句为疑问句，there be句型表示“存在”，情态动词提前构成疑问。 3、 完成句子。 1．我想知道你是否能够帮助我。 I wonder ________ you ________ help me. 【答案】 if/whether could 【详解】原句中“是否”和“能够”是关键词。表示“是否”的英文是if/whether，是连词，引导宾语从句；表示“能够”的英文是could，是情态动词，表示委婉请求。 2．请问你能不要在卧室里制造噪音吗？ Could you please ________ ________ noise in the bedroom? 【答案】 not make 【详解】原句中“不要”以及“制造”是关键词，表示“不要”用not，Could you please后接动词原形，否定形式在动词原形前加not；表示“制造”的单词是make，make noise意为“制造噪音”。 3．这个男孩问他的母亲他是否可以去结冰的湖上滑冰。 The boy asked his mother ________ ________ ________ go skating or not on the frozen lake. 【答案】 whether he could 【详解】原句的关键词是“是否”，可用whether或if引导，但句末有or not，通常与whether搭配构成whether... or not结构。主句谓语动词asked是过去式，根据宾语从句“主过从过”的时态呼应原则，从句中的“可以”需变为过去式could。从句主语指代“这个男孩”，用he；宾语从句需使用陈述语序（引导词 + 主语 + 谓语）。 4．你可以告诉我一些关于地球的知识吗？ ________ ________ tell me something about the Earth? 【答案】 Could you 【详解】原句中“你可以”为关键信息，Could you do sth.? 是委婉请求的固定句型，意为“你可以做某事吗？”，句首首字母大写。 5．——我忘记带词典了。我能用一下你的吗? ——是的, 你可以。 —I forgot to bring my dictionary. ________ ________ use yours? —Yes, you can. 【答案】 Could I 【详解】原句中“我能”是关键词，表示委婉请求许可用句型Could I...?。本句为请求许可的疑问句，情态动词后接动词原形。 6．——你能不要在走廊里跑了吗? ——抱歉, 我不会再那样做了。 —________ ________ please ________ run in the hallways? —Sorry, I won’t do that again. 【答案】 Could you not 【详解】原句中“你能不要”是关键词，表示委婉请求不要做某事用句型Could you please not do。 7．随着人们越来越富裕，他们能够买得起像小汽车这样的昂贵商品。 As people got richer and richer, they ________ ________ expensive goods like cars. 【答案】 could afford 【详解】原句中“能够”和“买得起”是关键词，表示“能够”的情态动词是can，句子时态为一般过去时，can的过去式是could；表示“买得起”的动词是afford。 8．李老师，我可以去卫生间吗?   Mr. Li, ________ ________ go to the toilets? 【答案】 could I 【详解】原句中“我可以……吗”是关键词，此处是学生向老师请求许可，常用句型为“Could I...?”,在课堂上向老师请假，比较礼貌和正式，符合师生对话的语境。第一空位于句中，单词首字母要小写。故填could；I。 9．爸爸，我能用你的笔记本电脑查一下明天的天气吗？我的手机没电了。 Dad, ________ I use your laptop to check tomorrow’s weather? My phone is dead. 【答案】could / may 【详解】句意：爸爸，我能用你的笔记本电脑查一下明天的天气吗？我的手机没电了。句中“I use your laptop to check tomorrow’s weather?”提示，此处需填入一个表示请求许可的情态动词。“could”和“may”均可表示请求许可，符合语境。 10．我度假的时候你能帮我遛狗吗？ ________ you please ________ my dog when I am on holiday? 【答案】 Could walk 【详解】原句中“你能……吗？”是关键词，在英语中常用could you please…?来表达，语气比can更委婉礼貌，且位于句首首字母需大写；原句中“遛狗”是关键词，固定表达是walk the dog，句中“帮我遛狗”是walk my dog，在please后面应接动词原形。故填Could；walk。 11．她非常担心，以至于无法移动她的胳膊和腿。   She was so ________ that she ________ move her arms or legs. 【答案】 worried couldn’t 【详解】原句中“担心”以及“无法”是关键词，so后接形容词或副词，“担心的”对应形容词worried，故第一空填worried；“无法”表示“不能”，was表明时态是一般过去时，对应情态动词couldn’t。 12．有人曾经能在一小时内记住2530张扑克牌。 Someone once ________ ________ 2,530 playing cards in just one hour. 【答案】 could remember 【详解】结合汉语提示可知“能记得”是关键词。句中有时间状语 “once”（曾经），表明句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此需要使用一般过去时；“能”对应情态动词can，其过去式为could；“记得”对应动词remember；情态动词could后接动词原形。 13．当你出去的时候，你能顺便把客厅的垃圾拿出去倒了吗？ Could you please ________ ________ the rubbish in the living room when you go out? 【答案】 take out 【详解】原句中“拿出去倒掉”是关键词，英文固定搭配为“take out”，表示“把（垃圾）拿出去扔掉”，后接宾语“the rubbish”。本句为“Could you please...”表示礼貌请求，后接动词原形。故填take；out。 14．你可以把这些图片挂在墙上吗？ Could you please ________ ________ these photos on the wall? 【答案】 put up 【详解】原句中“把……挂在……上”是关键词，常用固定短语是put...up...表示。根据句型“Could you please + 动词原形 + 其他?”可知，此处应使用动词原形。故填put；up。 15．——妈妈，我能邀请我的朋友们来我们新家吗？——当然，彼得。 —________ I ________ my friends to our new house, Mum? —Sure, Peter. 【答案】 Could/Can invite 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，填空处为“能”以及“邀请”，此处表示请求允许，“Can”或“Could”都可以表示请求许可，“Could”比“Can”的语气更委婉、礼貌；invite“邀请”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填Could/Can；invite。 4、 句型转换。 1．Could you please sweep the floor? (作肯定回答) Sure, ________ ________. 【答案】 I can 【详解】句意：请你扫一下地好吗？当然，我可以。 Could you please…? 用于委婉请求对方做某事，是请求他人做事类交际句型。 以Could you please开头的问句，肯定回答用I can。 问句用could是为了语气委婉，不是过去时。回答时用can表示“能够、可以”。故填I；can。 2．She worked very hard. She wanted to play the lead role perfectly. (合并，用so that) She worked very hard ________ ________ she ________ play the lead role perfectly. 【答案】 so that could 【详解】句意：她工作非常努力。她想要完美地演主角。so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，说明主句动作的目的。原句前半句“她工作非常努力”是动作，后半句“她想要完美地演主角”是这个动作的目的，用so that衔接两个部分符合要求。同时主句的谓语动词worked是过去式，所以时态是一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时，第三空表达“能够”的含义，情态动词can“能”变为过去式could，符合语义。 3．He can borrow my umbrella. (改为委婉请求句) ________ he ________ my umbrella? 【答案】 Could borrow 【详解】句意：他可以借我的雨伞。本句要求改为委婉请求句，could用于疑问句中表示委婉请求，后接动词原形。 4．Could you please take out the rubbish? (作肯定回答) Sure, ________ ________. 【答案】 no problem 【详解】句意：请你把垃圾拿出去好吗？此处是Could you please引导的表示请求的问句，作肯定回答常用短语no problem。 5．Please open the door for me. (用could改写句子) ________ ________ ________ open the door for me? 【答案】 Could you please 【详解】句意：请为我开门。原句是省略主语you的祈使句，表示向对方提出请求，此处要求用could引导的表示委婉请求的疑问句来表达，固定结构为“Could you please+动词原形”，题干已经给出动词原形open，故填Could；you；please。 6．I want to borrow your dictionary. (用could改写句子) ________ ________ ________ your dictionary？ 【答案】 Could I borrow 【详解】句意：我想要借你的字典。题干要求使用could改写，这里的could是情态动词，用来表达委婉礼貌的请求，句型为Could I do sth.?，表示“我可以做某事吗？”，情态动词could后面需要接动词原形，因此动词borrow保持原形不变，故填Could；I；borrow。 7．Could you please wash the dishes? (作否定回答) ________, ________ ________. I have no time. 【答案】 Sorry I can’t 【详解】句意：你可以洗一下碗吗？作否定回答，情态动词could表示委婉请求，对于“Could you please...?”提出的请求，若不能答应，常用“Sorry, I can’t.”来礼貌拒绝。 8．Tom was too scared to move. (改为同义句) Tom was ________ scared ________ he ________ move. 【答案】 so that couldn’t 【详解】句意：汤姆太害怕了以至于不敢动。原句中too...to...结构意为“太……而不能……”，可转换为so...that...结构引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”；原句为一般过去时，因此从句中表示“不能”用couldn’t。 9．Turn off your mobile phone. (委婉请求) ________ ________ please turn off your mobile phone? 【答案】 Could you 【详解】句意：关掉你的手机。原句“Turn off…”是祈使句，目标句中有“please”且以问号结尾，可知此处使用表示委婉请求的句型Could you please do sth.?，故填入情态动词Could和主语you。注意句首的首字母大写。 10．Could you hang up the photos on the wall? （改为否定请求） Could you ________ ________ up the photos on the wall? 【答案】 not hang 【详解】句意：请你帮忙把这些照片挂在墙上好吗？情态动词could引导的委婉请求句型的否定形式，在主语you之后、动词原形之前加not。句型结构变为“Could you not+动词原形+其他”，原句中的动词是hang，故填not；hang。 11．Could you help me with my English? (改为宾语从句，I wonder…) I wonder ________ you ________ help me with my English. 【答案】 if/whether can/could 【详解】句意：我想知道你能否帮我学英语。原句是表委婉请求的一般疑问句，改为I wonder引导的宾语从句时，需用if/whether（是否）来引导从句，从句语序保持陈述语序；原句的委婉情态动词could可保留，也可替换为对应情态动词can，符合宾语从句的规则要求。 12．Please don’t play outside before finishing homework.（同义句转换） ________ you please ________ outside before finishing homework? 【答案】 Could not play 【详解】句意： 完成作业之前你不能去外面玩。Could you please not do sth.为固定句式，用于委婉请求不要做某事，和原句禁止含义一致，故填Could；not play。 13．Could I borrow your dictionary? (改为同义句) Could you ________ ________ your dictionary? 【答案】 lend me 【详解】句意：我能借你的字典吗？改为同义句，应用动词lend表示“借出”，搭配lend sb. sth.意为借给某人某物。原句主语I是借入方，转换后主语you是借出方。故填lend me。 14．I want to hang up the painting on the wall. (改为委婉语气的同义句) ________ ________ hang up the painting on the wall? 【答案】 Could/May I 【详解】句意：我想把画挂在墙上。此处I want to do sth.=Could/May I do sth.，Could/May I do sth.表示“我可以……吗？”，这里主语是I，应填Could/May；I。 15．I’m not sure if this is the correct answer. This ________ be the correct answer. 【答案】may/could/might 【详解】句意：我不确定这是否是正确答案。这有可能是正确答案。前句“I’m not sure”表达说话人语气不确定、没有十足把握，属于委婉的肯定推测。进行同义转换时，可用情态动词may/could/might表达不确定的肯定推测，均有“可能、也许”之意，三者语气委婉程度依次递减。 一、语法选择 It was a fine day. Everyone was out riding their nice bikes 1 except (除了) Ross. He was sad because he only got a(n) 2 bike. Ross pushed it into the garage (车库) and slowly walked into the house. “What’s wrong?” his mum asked. “You should be out riding with the other boys.” Ross said the bike was rusty (生锈的). His mum knew what his 3 was at that moment. She looked at Ross and said, “Let’s have a 4 day together. Follow me to the garage!” Later, Ross and his mum were busy in the garage. They took the bike 5 and cleaned the pieces. Then they 6 them red and yellow. Finally, they put them back together. When they finished, they were 7 surprised. Right in front of them was such a 8 bike. Ross hugged his mum and thanked her for all her 9 . His mum smiled and said, “I quite enjoy the day with you. Now go and ride with your friends.” As Ross rode, he heard the other boys 10 , “What a great bike! Can I get one?” 1．A．sadly B．happily C．angrily D．surprisingly 2．A．new B．old C．large D．small 3．A．problem B．story C．habit D．question 4．A．busy B．fun C．usual D．quiet 5．A．off B．out C．apart D．to 6．A．drew B．washed C．painted D．put 7．A．even B．each C．all D．both 8．A．clean B．beautiful C．useful D．dirty 9．A．interest B．help C．works D．skills 10．A．saying B．say C．tell D．telling 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了Ross通过和妈妈一起修理和重新粉刷旧自行车，最终拥有了一辆漂亮自行车的故事。 【详解】1．句意：除了Ross，每个人都在外面高兴地骑着自行车。 sadly伤心地；happily高兴地；angrily生气地；surprisingly吃惊地。根据“Everyone was out riding their nice bikes… except Ross. He was sad ...”可知，相对于Ross的伤心，其余每个人都开心地骑着自行车，所以，此处“happily高兴地”符合题意。故选B。 2．句意：他很伤心因为他只有一辆旧自行车。 new新的；old旧的；large大的；small小的。根据“Ross said the bike was rusty.”可知，他伤心是因为他的自行车很旧。故选B。 3．句意：在那一刻，他妈妈知道了他的难题。 problem难题，强调较复杂的问题；story故事；habit习惯；question问题，指一般性问题。根据“Ross said the bike was rusty.”可知，Ross告诉了妈妈他不和其他人一起在外面骑自行车的原因，由此可知，此处指他的妈妈立刻意识到了问题所在，这里是比较复杂的问题。故选A。 4．句意：让我们一起度过有趣的一天吧。 busy忙的；fun有趣的；usual通常的；quiet安静的。根据上下文内容可知，Ross和妈妈一起成功改造了这辆旧自行车，再结合语境可知，此处表示“度过有趣的一天”。故选B。 5．句意：他们把自行车拆开并清洗了零件。 off离开；out出去；apart分开；to到。根据“Finally, they put them back together.”可知此处把自行车拆开了，take apart“拆卸”。故选C。 6．句意：然后他们把它们涂成红色和黄色。 drew画（线条）；washed洗；painted在……上刷油漆；put放。根据“them red and yellow”可知，此处指他们把这辆自行车的零件刷上红黄两种颜色，用painted。故选C。 7．句意：当他们完成后，他们都很惊讶。 even甚至；each每个；all所有；both两者都。根据“Right in front of them was such a ... bike.”可推出给自行车刷完漆后Ross和妈妈两人都很惊讶，用both。故选D。 8．句意：在他们正前方是那么漂亮的一辆自行车。 clean干净的；beautiful漂亮的；useful有用的；dirty脏的。根据“they were ... surprised”可知，完成改造后他们很惊讶，再结合下文“What a great bike!”可知，此处指摆在Ross和妈妈面前的是一辆漂亮的自行车。故选B。 9．句意：Ross拥抱了妈妈，感谢她给予的所有帮助。 interest兴趣；help帮助；works作品；skills技巧。根据上下文可知，妈妈帮助Ross修理自行车，除锈、涂油漆，所以Ross拥抱妈妈，感谢妈妈给予的帮助，所以，此处“help帮助”符合语境。故选B。 10．句意：Ross一边骑，一边听到其他男孩说：“多棒的自行车啊！我能得到一个吗？” saying说；say说；tell告诉；telling告诉。根据“As Ross rode, he heard the other boys ...”可推出此处用hear sb. doing sth.结构，“What a great bike! Can I get one?”是说话的内容，用saying。故选A。 二、语法填空 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lily’s family is full of love. Lily loves her parents and she 1 (have) her ways to show her love. How about you? Parents love us best in the world. As children, we should do something to show our love to them. Here 2 (be) some of my ways. Draw a picture. You may think drawing a picture is a little thing, and most of you may never try it. My parents keep all the pictures for me. They say the pictures are important to 3 (they). So why not draw a picture for your parents? Clean the room. My dad and mum are busy every day. They need 4 (work) and do housework. All these 5 (thing) make them tired (疲惫的), so I always keep my room 6 (clean). How about your room? Make a meal. Parents are tired after a 7 (day) work. Making dinner for them can 8 (give) them a break. I am too young to do it by myself, so I ask my sister to help me cook. Say sorry and 9 (thank). If I do something wrong, I will say sorry to them. If I do that, they will know how I feel. After they do a thing for me, I always say thanks. I can also do something else for them 10 (show) I am sorry or I’m thankful. For example, I often write a letter to my parents. I think you can give it a try, too. 【答案】 1．has 2．are 3．them 4．to work 5．things 6．clean 7．day’s 8．give 9．thanks 10．to show 【导语】本文讲述莉莉的家庭充满爱，介绍了孩子可以向父母表达爱意的几种方式：画画、打扫房间、做一顿饭以及主动道歉和表达感谢。 【详解】1．句意：莉莉爱她的父母，她有自己表达爱的方式。主语she是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词have要变为has。 2．句意：以下是我的一些方式。here be句型，后面ways是复数，be动词用are。 3．句意：他们说这些画对他们很重要。介词to后面用人称代词宾格形式，they的宾格是them。 4．句意：他们需要工作和做家务。固定搭配need to do sth.，后面接动词不定式to work。 5．句意：所有这些事情都让他们很疲惫。these后面接可数名词复数，thing的复数形式是things。 6．句意：所以我总是把我的房间打扫干净。keep sth.+形容词，表示“使某物保持某种状态”，clean本身是形容词，此处直接使用。 7．句意：父母在一天的工作之后很累。此处修饰名词work，用day的所有格形式day’s。 8．句意：为他们做晚饭可以让他们休息一下。情态动词can后面接动词原形give。 9．句意：道歉并道谢。and前后并列，和sorry形式对应，thank变为名词复数thanks。 10．句意：我也可以为他们做其他事情来表示我的歉意或者感激。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，填to show。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $