Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 祈使句、情态动词（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版七年级下册

Unit 2 No rules, no order. 核心语法精练（祈使句、情态动词） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、选词填空 5 三、按要求完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一 语法选择 8 题型二 任务型阅读 10 一、祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等，通常省略主语 you，句末常用句号或感叹号，读降调。 类型 肯定结构 否定结构 例句 Do 型 动词原形 + 其他 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 肯定：Stand up.（起立） 否定：Don't run in the hallways.（别在走廊跑） Be 型 Be + 表语（形 / 名） Don't be + 表语 肯定：Be quiet.（安静） 否定：Don't be late.（别迟到） Let 型 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形； Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 肯定：Let me help you.（让我帮你） 否定：Let him not go.（别让他走） No 型 / No + 动名词 / 名词（表禁止） No smoking!（禁止吸烟）； No photos!（禁止拍照）； 礼貌表达：句首 / 句末加 please，句末加 please 时前加逗号，如 Please sit down. 或 Sit down, please. 句式拓展：祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 = if 条件句，如 Hurry up, or you'll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到） 二、情态动词用于表达规则中的许可、义务、禁止与必要性，无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 情态动词 肯定含义 否定汉语 用法要点 must 必须（主观 / 规定） mustn't 禁止（语气强） 强调说话者主观意志或严格规定，如 You must wear a seat belt.（你必须系安全带） have to 不得不（客观需要） don't/doesn't have to 不必 强调客观条件约束，有人称和时态变化，如 She has to finish homework first.（她得先完成作业） can 可以；能够（许可 / 能力） can't 不能；不允许 表许可时语气较委婉，如 You can eat in the dining hall.（你可以在食堂吃东西） 易混点：mustn't 表 “禁止”，don't have to 表 “不必”，如 You mustn't talk in class.（课堂禁止讲话） vs You don't have to wear uniform on weekends.（周末不必穿校服） 三、核心句式与用法场景 规则陈述：用祈使句直接给出指令，如 Keep off the grass.（勿践踏草坪）；用 must/have to 表达义务，如 We must follow the school rules.（我们必须遵守校规）。 规则询问与原因：用 can 询问许可，如 Can we use phones in class?（课堂能玩手机吗）；用 because 说明原因，如 We can't run here because it's dangerous.（这里不能跑，因为危险）。 规则否定：用 don't/mustn't/can't 表达禁止，如 Don't eat in the classroom.（别在教室吃东西）；You mustn't cross the road now.（现在禁止过马路） 四、易错点与提示 祈使句否定：Be 型否定需加 don't be，不可漏 be，如 Don't be noisy.（别吵闹），而非 Don't noisy. have to 的变形：主语为三单时用 has to，如 He has to get up early.（他得早起）；否定为 don't/doesn't have to，疑问用 Do/Does...have to...? must 与 have to：must 侧重主观必须，have to 侧重客观不得不，否定意义不同（mustn't = 禁止，don't have to = 不必） 一、单项选择题。 1．—This is Jane speaking. —It’s happy to hear your _________, Jane! A．voice B．sound C．noise D．letter 2．— How often do you water these plants? — ________ they are dry. A．Until B．If C．Unless D．Because 3．My teacher is very strict ________ us and he is also strict ________ our homework. A．in; with B．with; about C．with; to D．to; at 4．Dale’s clothes are very ________ because he just washes them once a week. A．noisy B．funny C．dirty D．good 5．— My mother ________ a white dress. She feels very happy. — She looks very young. A．wear B．wears C．put on D．puts on 6．—How long can I ________ the book? —For a week. A．borrow B．buy C．keep D．bring 7．Look at the “No Parking” sign. You ________ park your car here. A．should B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 8．—There are two books about Chinese history. —You can take ________ of them and leave one for me. A．all B．either C．neither D．none 9．—Can you give me some _________ on learning English well? —Sure. Watching English programs is a good way. A．choices B．advice C．directions D．messages 10．David is _________. He always says hello to others when he meets them. A．awful B．silly C．polite D．blind 11．Don’t be absent ________ tomorrow’s meeting. A．for B．on C．to D．from 12．I don’t like ________. They are not good for our teeth. A．snack B．sweets C．fruit D．sandwich 13．Can you help me ________ the pen? It’s under the chair. A．turn off B．look for C．put up D．pick up 14．—Mum, must I do my homework right now? —No, you ________. You can take a rest first. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．don’t have to 15．________ in the classroom! You can only eat in the dining hall. A．Not-eat B．Eat C．Eating D．Don’t eat 二、选词填空。 1．—Mum, can I get up late at the weekend?  —Sure. You don’t get up early. (must/have to) 2．—Must I finish my homework today?     —Yes, you . (must/have to) 3．Turn (on/off) the light when you go out. 4． (can/will) I sit here? 5．We (must/mustn’t) follow the traffic rules, or we may cause traffic accidents. 6．Don’t make any (noise/noisy), kids. Your father is sleeping. 7．Stir the egg mixture until it (smells/ becomes) golden yellow. 8．— May I take some pictures here？ — Sorry, you mustn’t. Please look at the sign. It says “No (photo/photos)”. 9．Mary, let’s (go/going) home now. 10．—Tom, (not/don’t) draw on the wall. —Sorry, I won’t do it again. 三、按要求完成句子。 1．If you spend too much time on computer games, you will fall behind soon.(改为同义句) spend too much time on computer games, you will fall behind soon. 2．Don’t eat in the library. （改为同义句） You in the library. 3．I borrowed a book from him yesterday. (改为同义句) He a book me yesterday. 4．It is a good place to relax. (改为同义句) This is a good . 5．They get up at six thirty.（对划线部分提问） do they get up? 6．We have to wear sports shoes for gym class. (对划线部分提问) you have to for gym class? 7．The rules are very strict. (对划线部分提问) the rules? 8．放学后，我喜欢和我的朋友在公园里闲逛。 After school, I like to with my friends at the park. 9．我们必须遵守学校规则。 We the school rules. 10．我不得不匆忙去学校，因为我上学不能迟到。 I have to school because school. 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 These years, many people have a car. It 1 our life convenient (方便的). We can go anywhere in our car. However, everything has two sides. One of them is about the 2 . We often see traffic accidents (交通事故) on the road. Most of the accidents happen 3 people don’t follow the traffic rules. So to keep people 4 , everyone should follow the traffic rules. For walkers, they must stop if the lights are red. They can 5 the road only when the lights are green. They should look carefully (小心地) on the left and right when they are going across the roads. For drivers, they must drive carefully. They mustn’t talk or laugh when 6 are driving. The traffic police always ask them 7 driving when the lights are red. When people are driving, they should wear a seat belt. Drivers 8 drive after drinking. Many people take buses. So 9 passengers (乘客), they should wait in line, and follow the rules. “First get off and then get on.” If the buses are too full, they should wait for the next one. Traffic police say we should know the traffic rules 10 and I hope people can follow them. 1．A．is making B．make C．makes 2．A．rule B．rules C．rule’s 3．A．because B．and C．but 4．A．safe B．safely C．safety 5．A．crosses B．are crossing C．cross 6．A．they B．them C．their 7．A．to stop B．stopping C．stop 8．A．needn’t B．don’t C．mustn’t 9．A．for B．at C．in 10．A．good B．well C．better 二、任务型阅读 Swimming is a very popular (受欢迎的) game in the world. Many people like swimming in summer, and in the other three seasons too. They think water makes them feel cool and swimming makes them keep healthy. But sometimes it’s also dangerous if you don’t know how to keep safe when swimming. If you swim in a wrong place, it may not be safe. A lot of people die when they are enjoying themselves in the water, and most of them are students. Now some people are not careful in swimming. They often think they can swim very well so nothing will happen (发生) to them. If you go swimming in summer, remembering the following rules will be very useful. Don’t get into water when you are by yourself. If there is a “No Swimming” sign (指示牌), don’t get into water either. If you remember these, swimming will be safe and enjoyable. 1．Many people like swimming year round. (仅填1词) 2．It’s important to know when swimming according to Paragraph 1. (不超过4词) Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Swimming Problems ※ 3 (不超过7词) ※Some people think they can do well in swimming. Solutions ※Don’t get into water when 4 . (不超过4词). ※Don’t get into water when you see a “No Swimming” sign. 5．What other sport do you like best? Why do you like it? Use your own words. (结合自身实际，不超过20词) ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 No rules, no order. 核心语法精练（祈使句、情态动词） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、选词填空 5 三、按要求完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一 语法选择 8 题型二 任务型阅读 10 一、祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等，通常省略主语 you，句末常用句号或感叹号，读降调。 类型 肯定结构 否定结构 例句 Do 型 动词原形 + 其他 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 肯定：Stand up.（起立） 否定：Don't run in the hallways.（别在走廊跑） Be 型 Be + 表语（形 / 名） Don't be + 表语 肯定：Be quiet.（安静） 否定：Don't be late.（别迟到） Let 型 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形； Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 肯定：Let me help you.（让我帮你） 否定：Let him not go.（别让他走） No 型 / No + 动名词 / 名词（表禁止） No smoking!（禁止吸烟）； No photos!（禁止拍照）； 礼貌表达：句首 / 句末加 please，句末加 please 时前加逗号，如 Please sit down. 或 Sit down, please. 句式拓展：祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 = if 条件句，如 Hurry up, or you'll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到） 二、情态动词用于表达规则中的许可、义务、禁止与必要性，无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 情态动词 肯定含义 否定汉语 用法要点 must 必须（主观 / 规定） mustn't 禁止（语气强） 强调说话者主观意志或严格规定，如 You must wear a seat belt.（你必须系安全带） have to 不得不（客观需要） don't/doesn't have to 不必 强调客观条件约束，有人称和时态变化，如 She has to finish homework first.（她得先完成作业） can 可以；能够（许可 / 能力） can't 不能；不允许 表许可时语气较委婉，如 You can eat in the dining hall.（你可以在食堂吃东西） 易混点：mustn't 表 “禁止”，don't have to 表 “不必”，如 You mustn't talk in class.（课堂禁止讲话） vs You don't have to wear uniform on weekends.（周末不必穿校服） 三、核心句式与用法场景 规则陈述：用祈使句直接给出指令，如 Keep off the grass.（勿践踏草坪）；用 must/have to 表达义务，如 We must follow the school rules.（我们必须遵守校规）。 规则询问与原因：用 can 询问许可，如 Can we use phones in class?（课堂能玩手机吗）；用 because 说明原因，如 We can't run here because it's dangerous.（这里不能跑，因为危险）。 规则否定：用 don't/mustn't/can't 表达禁止，如 Don't eat in the classroom.（别在教室吃东西）；You mustn't cross the road now.（现在禁止过马路） 四、易错点与提示 祈使句否定：Be 型否定需加 don't be，不可漏 be，如 Don't be noisy.（别吵闹），而非 Don't noisy. have to 的变形：主语为三单时用 has to，如 He has to get up early.（他得早起）；否定为 don't/doesn't have to，疑问用 Do/Does...have to...? must 与 have to：must 侧重主观必须，have to 侧重客观不得不，否定意义不同（mustn't = 禁止，don't have to = 不必） 一、单项选择题。 1．—This is Jane speaking. —It’s happy to hear your _________, Jane! A．voice B．sound C．noise D．letter 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我是简。——很高兴听到你的声音，简！ 考查名词辨析。voice声音；sound声音；noise噪音；letter信。根据“hear your...”可知是听到你的声音，指人的声音用voice。故选A。 2．— How often do you water these plants? — ________ they are dry. A．Until B．If C．Unless D．Because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你多久给这些植物浇一次水？——如果它们干了（就浇）。 考查从属连词辨析。Unless除非（=if not）；If如果；Until直到；Because因为。根据问句“How often do you water these plants?”可知，答句解释的是浇水的条件。引用答句“they are dry”可知，此处应表示“如果土壤干了就浇水”，表达条件关系，故选B。 3．My teacher is very strict ________ us and he is also strict ________ our homework. A．in; with B．with; about C．with; to D．to; at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师对我们很严格，而且他对我们的作业也很严格。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；with和……一起；about关于；to到；at在。表示“对人严格”，用“strict with sb.”； 表示“对事物（如作业、规则等）严格”，用“strict about sth.”。 题干中“us”是人，第一空用“with”；“our homework”是事物，第二空用“about”，因此“with; about”符合搭配规则。故选B。 4．Dale’s clothes are very ________ because he just washes them once a week. A．noisy B．funny C．dirty D．good 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Dale的衣服非常脏，因为他每周只洗一次衣服。 考查形容词辨析。noisy吵闹的；funny有趣的；dirty脏的；good好的。根据“because he just washes them once a week”可知，衣服洗得少，所以很脏。故选C。 5．— My mother ________ a white dress. She feels very happy. — She looks very young. A．wear B．wears C．put on D．puts on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我妈妈穿着一件白裙子。她感到很开心。——她看起来很年轻。 考查动词第三人称单数形式和动词辨析。wear穿；wears穿，第三人称单数形式；put on穿上；puts on穿上，第三人称单数形式。主语My mother为第三人称单数，动词需用第三人称单数形式。wears强调穿着的状态，puts on强调穿的动作。根据句意，此处描述穿着的状态，而非穿上的动作，因此用wears更合适。故选B。 6．—How long can I ________ the book? —For a week. A．borrow B．buy C．keep D．bring 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这本书我可以借多久？——一周。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入，为短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for a week”连用；buy买，为短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for a week”连用；keep保留、保存，为延续性动词，可与表示一段时间的“for a week”连用；bring带来，为短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for a week”连用。根据语境可知，此处是在询问这本书可以借多久，回答是一周，强调的是时间段，所以应该用延续性动词keep。故选C。 7．Look at the “No Parking” sign. You ________ park your car here. A．should B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看那个“禁止停车”的标志。你不能把车停在这里。 考查情态动词辨析。should应该；needn’t不必；mustn’t不能，禁止；shouldn’t不应该。根据“‘No Parking’ sign”可知，表示绝对禁止，需用强烈禁止语气的mustn’t。故选C。 8．—There are two books about Chinese history. —You can take ________ of them and leave one for me. A．all B．either C．neither D．none 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——有两本关于中国历史的书。——你可以拿其中一本，留一本给我。 考查代词词义辨析。all（三者及以上）全部；either（两者中的）任何一个；neither（两者）都不；none（三者及以上）都不。根据“two books”及“leave one for me”可知是指两本书中“拿一本留一本”，应用either。故选B。 9．—Can you give me some _________ on learning English well? —Sure. Watching English programs is a good way. A．choices B．advice C．directions D．messages 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能给我一些学好英语的建议吗？——当然。看英语节目是个好方法。 考查名词辨析。choices选择；advice建议；directions方向；messages信息。根据回答“Watching English programs is a good way.”可知，此处是寻求学习建议。且“advice”为不可数名词，符合“some”的用法。故选B。 10．David is _________. He always says hello to others when he meets them. A．awful B．silly C．polite D．blind 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大卫很有礼貌。他见到别人时总是向他们问好。 考查形容词辨析。awful糟糕的；silly愚蠢的；polite有礼貌的；blind盲的。根据“He always says hello to others when he meets them.”可知，他见到别人时总是向他们问好，这种行为体现了礼貌和友善。故选C。 11．Don’t be absent ________ tomorrow’s meeting. A．for B．on C．to D．from 【答案】D 【详解】句意：别缺席明天的会议。 考查介词辨析和固定搭配。for为了；on在……上面；to到；from从。be absent from“缺席”，是固定短语。故选D。 12．I don’t like ________. They are not good for our teeth. A．snack B．sweets C．fruit D．sandwich 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不喜欢糖果。它们对我们的牙齿不好。 考查名词辨析。snack零食；sweets糖果；fruit水果；sandwich三明治。根据后文“They are not good for our teeth”可知，横线处应填入可数名词的复数形式，并由常识可知，糖果对牙齿不好。故选B。 13．Can you help me ________ the pen? It’s under the chair. A．turn off B．look for C．put up D．pick up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你能帮我捡起钢笔吗？它在椅子下面。 考查动词短语辨析。turn off关闭；look for寻找；put up张贴；pick up捡起。根据“Can you help me…the pen? It’s under the chair.”可知，此处在请求对方帮忙捡起椅子下面的钢笔。故选D。 14．—Mum, must I do my homework right now? —No, you ________. You can take a rest first. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在必须做作业吗？——不必，你可以先休息一下。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；don’t have to不必。根据“must I ...”可知其否定回答用needn’t或者don’t have to。故选D。 15．________ in the classroom! You can only eat in the dining hall. A．Not-eat B．Eat C．Eating D．Don’t eat 【答案】D 【详解】句意：不要在教室里吃东西！你只能在餐厅里吃东西。 考查祈使句。根据“You can only eat in the dining hall.”可知，此处表示不允许在教室里吃东西，应用祈使句的否定形式“Don’t+动词原形+其他”。故选D。 二、选词填空。 1．—Mum, can I get up late at the weekend?  —Sure. You don’t get up early. (must/have to) 【答案】have to 【详解】句意：——妈妈，周末我可以晚点起床吗？——当然。你不必早起床。根据“—Mum, can I get up late at the weekend? —Sure. You don’t...get up early.”可知，此处表示“不必早起床”，must的否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止；不准”，而don’t have to表示“不必”，符合语境。故填have to。 2．—Must I finish my homework today?     —Yes, you . (must/have to) 【答案】must 【详解】句意：——我今天必须完成作业吗？——是的，你必须。对“must”提问的一般疑问句作肯定回答时，用must；否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。此处为肯定回答。故填must。 3．Turn (on/off) the light when you go out. 【答案】off 【详解】句意：当你出去的时候关灯。根据“when you go out”可知，出去时应关灯，turn off“关闭”。故填off。 4． (can/will) I sit here? 【答案】Can 【详解】句意：我可以坐这儿吗？此处在询问对方是否允许坐在这里，表示请求许可，用情态动词can表示“可以……吗”，放在句首首字母要大写。故填Can。 5．We (must/mustn’t) follow the traffic rules, or we may cause traffic accidents. 【答案】must 【详解】句意：我们必须遵守交通规则，否则可能会引发交通事故。根据“follow the traffic rules”可知，交通规则是必须要遵守的，应用must。故填must。 6．Don’t make any (noise/noisy), kids. Your father is sleeping. 【答案】noise 【详解】句意：不要制造噪音，孩子们。你们爸爸正在睡觉。noise“噪音”，不可数名词；make noise“制造噪音”，动词短语。故填noise。 7．Stir the egg mixture until it (smells/ becomes) golden yellow. 【答案】becomes 【详解】句意：搅拌鸡蛋混合物，直到它变成金黄色。根据“Stir the egg mixture”以及“golden yellow”可知，此处表示颜色上面的变化，becomes“变成”符合。故填becomes。 8．— May I take some pictures here？ — Sorry, you mustn’t. Please look at the sign. It says “No (photo/photos)”. 【答案】photos 【详解】句意：——我可以在这里拍些照片吗？——对不起，你不能。请看这个标志，上面写着：“禁止拍照”。根据提示“No…”，可知，此句为No型(No+名词/动词-ing形式)祈使句的否定句式,通常用于公共场合,意为“禁止做某事”。photo“照片”，可数名词，此处用其复数形式，符合语境。故填photos。 9．Mary, let’s (go/going) home now. 【答案】go 【详解】句意：玛丽，我们现在回家吧。go“去”是动词。let’s do sth.是固定句型，意为“让我们做某事”，因此填动词原形。故填go。 10．—Tom, (not/don’t) draw on the wall. —Sorry, I won’t do it again. 【答案】don’t 【详解】句意：——汤姆，不要在墙上画画。——对不起，我不会再这样做了。祈使句的否定形式为“Don’t + 动词原形”。故填don’t。 三、按要求完成句子。 1．If you spend too much time on computer games, you will fall behind soon.(改为同义句) spend too much time on computer games, you will fall behind soon. 【答案】 Don’t or 【详解】句意：如果你花太多时间在电脑游戏上，你很快就会落后。原句是条件状语从句（If…），可转换为“祈使句 + or + 结果句”的同义结构。“If…, you will…” → “Don’t…, or you will…”：用 “or” 连接前后句，表示“否则”（隐含“如果不听从警告，就会发生结果”）。故填Don’t；or。 2．Don’t eat in the library. （改为同义句） You in the library. 【答案】 mustn’t/can’t/shouldn’t eat 【详解】句意：不要在图书馆里吃东西。这句话可以表达为“你不能在图书馆吃东西”。第一空可以用情态动词mustn’t/can’t/shouldn’t表示禁止，后跟动词原形eat。故填mustn’t/can’t/shouldn’t；eat。 3．I borrowed a book from him yesterday. (改为同义句) He a book me yesterday. 【答案】 lent to 【详解】句意：我昨天从他那里借了一本书。borrow sth from sb=lend sth to sb，表示“从某人那里借某物/把某物借给某人”。句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填lent；to。 4．It is a good place to relax. (改为同义句) This is a good . 【答案】 relaxing place 【详解】句意：这是一个放松的好地方。改为同义句，空处应填“放松的好地方”，修饰物用ralaxing“令人放松的”，形容词作定语，place“地方”，a修饰用单数形式。故填relaxing；place。 5．They get up at six thirty.（对划线部分提问） do they get up? 【答案】 What time 【详解】句意：他们在六点半起床。划线部分“at six thirty”是具体的时间点，对时间点提问用疑问词What time“几点，什么时间”，位于句首时首字母需大写。故填What；time。 6．We have to wear sports shoes for gym class. (对划线部分提问) you have to for gym class? 【答案】 What do wear 【详解】句意：我们必须穿运动鞋上体育课。划线部分“sports shoes”表示穿的物品，应用what提问，have为动词原形，要借助助动词do构成疑问句，后跟动词原形wear。故填What；do；wear。 7．The rules are very strict. (对划线部分提问) the rules? 【答案】 How are 【详解】句意：这些规则非常严格。划线部分表示“对这些规则的评价”，所以用how“怎么样”提问，即：这些规则怎么样，原句中含有be动词are，变为疑问句时，将其置于疑问词之后。故填How；are。 8．放学后，我喜欢和我的朋友在公园里闲逛。 After school, I like to with my friends at the park. 【答案】 hang out 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“闲逛”。hang out意为“闲逛、消磨时间”；like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，所以填动词原形。故填hang；out。 9．我们必须遵守学校规则。 We the school rules. 【答案】 must follow 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处第一空使用must表示“必须”，为情态动词；第二空使用follow表示“遵守”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填must；follow。 10．我不得不匆忙去学校，因为我上学不能迟到。 I have to school because school. 【答案】 hurry to I cannot be late for/I can’t be late for 【详解】对照中英文可知，缺少“匆忙去”和“我上学不能迟到”。描述事实用一般现在时。“匆忙去某地”用动词短语hurry to+地点，位于“have to”后，hurry用原形；“我”用I，主格作主语；“不能”用cannot，缩写为can’t，后面动词用原形；“上学迟到”用be late for school。故填hurry to；I cannot be late for/I can’t be late for。 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 These years, many people have a car. It 1 our life convenient (方便的). We can go anywhere in our car. However, everything has two sides. One of them is about the 2 . We often see traffic accidents (交通事故) on the road. Most of the accidents happen 3 people don’t follow the traffic rules. So to keep people 4 , everyone should follow the traffic rules. For walkers, they must stop if the lights are red. They can 5 the road only when the lights are green. They should look carefully (小心地) on the left and right when they are going across the roads. For drivers, they must drive carefully. They mustn’t talk or laugh when 6 are driving. The traffic police always ask them 7 driving when the lights are red. When people are driving, they should wear a seat belt. Drivers 8 drive after drinking. Many people take buses. So 9 passengers (乘客), they should wait in line, and follow the rules. “First get off and then get on.” If the buses are too full, they should wait for the next one. Traffic police say we should know the traffic rules 10 and I hope people can follow them. 1．A．is making B．make C．makes 2．A．rule B．rules C．rule’s 3．A．because B．and C．but 4．A．safe B．safely C．safety 5．A．crosses B．are crossing C．cross 6．A．they B．them C．their 7．A．to stop B．stopping C．stop 8．A．needn’t B．don’t C．mustn’t 9．A．for B．at C．in 10．A．good B．well C．better 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了汽车给生活带来便利的同时也带来交通事故隐患，强调遵守交通规则的重要性，并分别对行人、司机和乘客提出具体交通规则要求。 1．句意：它使我们的生活变得方便。 is making使（现在进行时）；make使（动词原形）；makes使（动词第三人称单数形式）。此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语It表示单数，所以空处应用动词第三人称单数形式makes。故选C。 2．句意：其中一面是关于交通规则的。 rule规则（单数形式）；rules规则（复数形式）；rule’s规则的（所有格形式）。此处泛指“规则”，所以空处应用rule的复数形式rules。故选B。 3．句意：大多数事故的发生是因为人们不遵守交通规则。 because因为；and和；but但是。根据“Most of the accidents happen...people don’t follow the traffic rules.”可知，空格前后是因果关系，后句是前句的原因，所以空处应用连词because。故选A。 4．句意：所以为了保证人们的安全，每个人都应该遵守交通规则。 safe安全的（形容词）；safely安全地（副词）；safety安全（名词）。根据“keep sb.+形容词”结构可知，空处应选形容词safe。故选A。 5．句意：只有绿灯亮时，他们才能过马路。 crosses穿越（动词第三人称单数形式）；are crossing正在穿越（现在进行时）；cross穿越（动词原形）。情态动词can后接动词原形。故选C。 6．句意：他们开车时禁止说话或大笑。 they他们（人称代词的主格）；them他们（人称代词的宾格）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词）。根据“when...are driving”可知，空处是句子的主语，所以空处应选人称代词的主格they作主语。故选A。 7．句意：交警总是要求他们在红灯时停止行驶。 to stop停止（动词不定式）；stopping停止（动词-ing形式）；stop停止（动词原形）。根据短语ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”可知，空处应选动词不定式to stop。故选A。 8．句意：司机酒后禁止开车。 needn’t不必；don’t不；mustn’t禁止。根据常识可知，酒后禁止开车。故选C。 9．句意：所以对于乘客来说，他们应该排队等候，遵守规则。 for对于；at在；in在……里面。for sb.意为“对于某人来说”。故选A。 10．句意：交警说我们应该熟知交通规则，并且我希望人们能够遵守它们。 good好的（形容词原级）；well好（副词原级）；better更好（比较级）。根据“Traffic police say we should know the traffic rules...”可知，空处应用副词修饰动词know，且此处无比较意义，所以well符合语境。故选B。 二、任务型阅读 Swimming is a very popular (受欢迎的) game in the world. Many people like swimming in summer, and in the other three seasons too. They think water makes them feel cool and swimming makes them keep healthy. But sometimes it’s also dangerous if you don’t know how to keep safe when swimming. If you swim in a wrong place, it may not be safe. A lot of people die when they are enjoying themselves in the water, and most of them are students. Now some people are not careful in swimming. They often think they can swim very well so nothing will happen (发生) to them. If you go swimming in summer, remembering the following rules will be very useful. Don’t get into water when you are by yourself. If there is a “No Swimming” sign (指示牌), don’t get into water either. If you remember these, swimming will be safe and enjoyable. 1．Many people like swimming year round. (仅填1词) 2．It’s important to know when swimming according to Paragraph 1. (不超过4词) Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Swimming Problems ※ 3 (不超过7词) ※Some people think they can do well in swimming. Solutions ※Don’t get into water when 4 . (不超过4词). ※Don’t get into water when you see a “No Swimming” sign. 5．What other sport do you like best? Why do you like it? Use your own words. (结合自身实际，不超过20词) 【答案】1．all 2．how to keep safe 3． Some people swim in a wrong place. 4.you are by yourself 5．I also like playing basketball best. Because I think it’s easy for me. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文说明了游泳虽受欢迎，但需注意安全，遵守规则。 1．根据“Many people like swimming in summer, and in the other three seasons too.”可知，许多人全年都喜欢游泳，all year round“一整年”。故填all。 2．根据“if you don’t know how to keep safe when swimming”可知，第一段表达游泳的时候知道如何保持安全是很重要的。故填how to keep safe。 3．根据“if you swim in a wrong place, it may not be safe.”可知，在错误的地方游泳不安全；故填Some people swim in a wrong place； 4．根据“Don’t get into water when you are by yourself.”可知，不要独自下水。故填you are by yourself。 5．开放性习题，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I also like playing basketball best. Because I think it’s easy for me. 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