精品解析：云南省墨江第一中学2026-2027学年高二上学期9月阶段检测英语试题

墨江一中2028届高二年级上学期作业检测 英语试卷 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部 分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the woman probably do next? A. Buy a book. B. Go to a library. C. Do some research. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a museum. C. In a theater. 3. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To put an advertisement. B. To make a suggestion. C. To get some information. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to order. B. Where to eat. C. When to leave. 5. What is the man? A. A designer. B. An engineer. C. A student. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题 6. What is the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Conducting an interview. C. Sharing her lifestyle. 7. Where does the man work? A. In a local newspaper. B. In a company. C. In a college. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题 8. What does the man dislike about the new apartment? A. The living room. B. The bedroom. C. The kitchen. 9. How much will the man pay for the apartment per month? A. $450. B. $900. C. $1, 800. 10. How will the man go to university? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By subway. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题 11. How old is Tom now? A. 4 years old. B. 5 years old. C. 7 years old. 12. What do children need to do in the event? A. Collect some cards. B. Make hamburgers. C. Read several books. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and parent. B. Husband and wife. C. Old friends. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题 14. How many days are there until Father’s birthday? A. 4 days. B. 5 days. C. 6 days. 15. What does Chloe think of the idea of buying a motorcycle? A. Great. B. Average. C. Terrible. 16. What do the speakers decide to buy as a gift? A. A laptop. B. A TV set. C. A smart phone. 17. What is the man going to do this afternoon? A. Play games. B. Go to the gym. C. Do some shopping. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题 18. When will the visitors reach the London Eye tomorrow? A. At 9:30 am. B. At 10:10 am. C. At 10:40 am. 19. Where will the visitors go tomorrow afternoon? A. Covent Garden. B. The Science Museum. C. The Piccadilly Theatre. 20. What will the visitors do after dinner tomorrow? A. Go shopping. B. See a 3D film. C. Enjoy a show. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Cloud Forest Conservation Volunteering in Ecuador Love Volunteers is introducing an incredible environmental project to you. This project places volunteers into the Ecuadorian Cloud Forest reserve, located 3 hours from Quito in Pichincha Province. The project aims to restore and maintain the reserve as well as work with the local community on educational and agricultural projects for future sustainability. How You Can Help Volunteers could find themselves involved in maintenance and reforestation tasks, work on a small organic farm (with animals in need of care) in the reserve, or environmental education initiatives and community service for visitors. Requirements This project is open to all those aged 18 and above. It doesn’t require participants to have specific education, qualifications or experience, but all applicants must have a genuine willingness to help, show drive and initiative, and believe they are capable of solving problems. Start Dates & Duration This project is available year-round and programs start every SUNDAY. Volunteers can choose to participate for periods ranging from 1 week to 4 weeks. Longer stays can be arranged directly with the local team, but will be subject to availability and individual visa conditions. Arrival & Orientation Volunteers are collected from the airport on arrival and taken to their accommodation in Quito for Sunday night. On Monday, transport is provided to the project site to meet with the local staff and settle in to live at the biological station. • Program Arrival Day: SUNDAY • Program Departure Day: SATURDAY • Arrival/Departure Airport: Mariscal Sucre International Airport, Quito, Ecuador Fees ● 1 week: $ 689; ● 2 weeks: $ 789; ● 3 weeks: $ 909; ● 4 weeks: $1,039 In addition to the program fees listed above, a registration fee is payable to secure your place. The registration fee is $ 299 for those volunteering with Love Volunteers for the first time or $149 for any subsequent volunteer placements. 1. What are the volunteers most likely to do? A. Attend to farm animals. B. Cut down trees for sale. C. Interview experts in agriculture. D. Promote produce in supermarkets. 2. What is a requirement for the project volunteers? A. Being under 18 years old. B. A positive “can-do” attitude. C. Rich volunteering experience. D. Good educational background. 3. How much should a returning volunteer pay in total for a 2-week program? A. $ 689. B. $ 838. C. $ 938. D. $1,088. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则厄瓜多尔云雾森林环保志愿者招募公告，介绍项目工作内容、报名要求、参与时长、接送安排与费用明细。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How You Can Help”部分“Volunteers could find themselves involved in maintenance and reforestation tasks, work on a small organic farm (with animals in need of care) in the reserve, or environmental education initiatives and community service for visitors.(志愿者可能会参与维护和重新造林任务，在保护区的一个小型有机农场工作（照顾需要照料的动物），或者开展环境教育活动以及为游客提供社区服务)”可知，志愿者最有可能照料农场动物。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。依据“Requirements”部分“but all applicants must have a genuine willingness to help, show drive and initiative, and believe they are capable of solving problems.(但所有申请人必须有真正的帮助意愿，展现出干劲和主动性，并相信自己有能力解决问题)”可知，该项目志愿者需要有积极的“能做”态度。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Fees”部分“● 2 weeks: $ 789”以及“$149 for any subsequent volunteer placements”可知，再次参加志愿项目的志愿者参加为期两周的项目需支付$789 + $149 = $938。 B Ernst Mach was a weak child, born in Moravia（now Czechia）in 1838. He didn’t even go to school until the age of 14. Instead, his parents educated him at home. Like many genius children, his teachers criticized him, calling him “unteachable, absolutely talentless.” Yet young Mach excelled at university in Vienna. He studied mathematics, physics and philosophy. He was also boundlessly curious. He conducted all kinds of experiments, believing that theories must be tried, tested, and proven in facts, but first formulated in the mind. He brought this rigorous（严密的）approach to his studies, believing that true science is based on what actually happens and can be observed. In addition to his work in the sciences, Mach was also a well-rounded student, with interests in philosophy and even sports. He was an excellent boxer and fencer, which reflected the wide range of his abilities and interests. As a teacher, Mach was serious and demanding. That was the model of pedagogy （教学）of his time, and Mach followed this standard: tight collar, buttoned-down tie, waistcoat and jacket, and serious eyes behind wire-framed glasses. He expected exactness from his students. Among those he influenced was the young Albert Einstein. Mach’s insistence on clarity and rigorous testing of ideas helped shape Einstein’s thinking. Though Mach was doubtful about some of Einstein’s later conclusions, such as E=mc2, his doubt drove Einstein to prove his ideas further. He pushed the young Einstein to achieve excellence. While Mach is credited with many theories of his own, including the aircraft velocity（速度）measurement that bears his name, “Mach 1. Mach 2, etc.”, his mentorship of Einstein is perhaps his greatest achievement. The best teachers in our lives also challenge us and see us as not yet complete but full of potential. They shine a light on the path that gets us to a successful reality. And through us, they live on. 4. What can we know about Ernst Mach from paragraph 1? A. He attended university at the age of 14. B. He was considered a genius by his teachers. C. His early education was shaped by his parents. D. His physical disability discouraged his studying. 5. How did Ernst Mach impact Albert Einstein? A. He forced Einstein to give in. B. He challenged Einstein to excel. C. He introduced new theories to Einstein. D. He inspired Einstein to focus on physics. 6. Which can best describe Ernst Mach? A. Cautious and ambitious. B. Professional and influential. C. Diligent and dependent. D. Incredible and accessible. 7. In which column of a magazine can we probably read this text? A. Sports. B. Travel. C. Fashion. D. Education. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ernst Mach的生平和他对Albert Einstein的影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“He didn’t even go to school until the age of 14. Instead, his parents educated him at home.(他直到14岁才上学。在此之前，他的父母在家里教育他。)”可知，Ernst Mach的早期教育由他的父母决定，故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Mach’s insistence on clarity and rigorous testing of ideas helped shape Einstein’s thinking. Though Mach was doubtful about some of Einstein’s later conclusions, such as E=mc2, his doubt drove Einstein to prove his ideas further. He pushed the young Einstein to achieve excellence.(Mach坚持清晰和严格检验理论的做法帮助塑造了Einstein的思维。虽然Mach对Einstein后来的某些结论（如E=mc²）持怀疑态度，但他的质疑促使Einstein进一步证明他的想法。他推动年轻的Einstein追求卓越。)”可知，Ernst Mach通过挑战和敦促Einstein的方式影响了他，使Einstein不断追求卓越，故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“While Mach is credited with many theories of his own, including the aircraft velocity（速度）measurement that bears his name, “Mach 1. Mach 2, etc.”, his mentorship of Einstein is perhaps his greatest achievement.(虽然Mach因其许多理论（包括以他名字命名的飞机速度测量方法“Mach 1. Mach 2”等）而受到赞誉，但他对 Einstein的指导或许是他最大的成就。)”可知，Ernst Mach在科学界具有很高的专业水平并深远影响了Einstein。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“While Mach is credited with many theories of his own, including the aircraft velocity（速度）measurement that bears his name, “Mach 1. Mach 2, etc.”, his mentorship of Einstein is perhaps his greatest achievement.The best teachers in our lives also challenge us and see us as not yet complete but full of potential. They shine a light on the path that gets us to a successful reality. And through us, they live on.(虽然Mach因其许多理论（包括以他名字命名的飞机速度测量方法“Mach 1. Mach 2”等）而受到赞誉，但他对 Einstein的指导或许是他最大的成就。我们生命中最好的老师同样挑战我们，并看到我们尚不完美但充满潜力。他们点亮了一条通往成功现实的道路。通过我们，他们的精神得以延续。)”可知，本文主要讲述了Ernst Mach在教育和科学方面的成就及其对Einstein的影响，适合放在教育栏目中。故选D。 C When it comes to back-to-school shopping or choosing makeup colors, the high school student Kayla asks ChatGPT for guidance. However, she avoids using AI to do her homework and limits her interactions to everyday questions. “Everyone uses AI for everything now. It’s really taking over,” said Kayla. “I think kids use AI to get out of thinking.” But many teenagers say they are increasingly interacting with AI as if it were a companion, capable of providing advice and friendship. More than 70% of teens have used AI companions and hear turn to them for help regularly, according to a new Media from Common Sense study. For the last couple of years, concerns about cheating at school have dominated the conversation around kids and AI. But artificial intelligence is playing a much larger role in many of their lives, becoming a go-to source for personal advice, emotional support, every day decision-making and problem-solving. In the Common Sense Media survey, 31% of teens said their conversations with AI companions were “as satisfying or more satisfying” than talking with real friends. Michael Robb, the study’s lead author, warns that Adolescence is a crucial time for developing identity and social skills, and AI companions should complement — not replace — real-world interaction. “If teens are developing social skills on AI platforms where they are constantly being favored without being challenged, not learning to consider other perspectives, they may not be adequately prepared in the real world,” he said. Researchers and educators worry about the cognitive costs for youths who rely heavily on AI, especially in their creativity, critical thinking and social skills. “All of us are struck by how quickly this blew up,” said Eva Telzer, a psychology and neuroscience professor. “I could see a kid that grows up with AI not seeing a reason to go to the park or try to make a friend. I’m worried that kids could get lost in it.” 8. What does Kayla think of the use of AI among kids? A. It gives them some advice and comfort. B. It helps them escape from mental labor. C. It pulls them back from the daily chores. D. It enables them to get away from the reality. 9. How has the AI affected the teenagers? A. Most of them have become entirely dependent on it. B. Some of them have significantly improved their social skills. C. Some of them have experienced different levels of satisfaction. D. Most of them have effectively solved the problem of loneliness. 10. According to Robb, what is a possible risk of youth relying on AI companions? A. Getting lost in a virtual world. B. Missing out on practical skills. C. Losing the ability of making friends. D. Lacking preparation for the real world. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To warn parents of the dangers of AI. B. To analyze the mixed impact of AI on teens. C. To inform the current trend of AI use in schools. D. To call for the ban on the use of AI among teens. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍青少年使用AI伴侣的现状，阐述其影响并提及专家的相关担忧。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I think kids use AI to get out of thinking.(我认为孩子们使用人工智能是为了逃避思考)”可知，凯拉认为孩子们使用人工智能是为了逃避脑力劳动。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the Common Sense Media survey, 31% of teens said their conversations with AI companions were “as satisfying or more satisfying” than talking with real friends.(在常识媒体的调查中，31%的青少年表示，他们与人工智能伴侣的对话“和与真实朋友交谈一样令人满意或更令人满意”)”可知，一些青少年在与人工智能伴侣的对话中体验到了不同程度的满足感。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“If teens are developing social skills on AI platforms where they are constantly being favored without being challenged, not learning to consider other perspectives, they may not be adequately prepared in the real world(如果青少年在人工智能平台上发展社交技能，在那里他们总是受到青睐而不受挑战，不学会考虑其他观点，那么他们在现实世界中可能没有做好充分的准备)”可知，青少年依赖人工智能伴侣可能面临的风险是对现实世界缺乏准备。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But artificial intelligence is playing a much larger role in many of their lives, becoming a go-to source for personal advice, emotional support, every day decision-making and problem-solving.(但人工智能在许多青少年的生活中扮演着更重要的角色，成为个人建议、情感支持、日常决策和解决问题的首选来源)”以及第六段“Researchers and educators worry about the cognitive costs for youths who rely heavily on AI, especially in their creativity, critical thinking and social skills.(研究人员和教育工作者担心，严重依赖人工智能的青少年在认知上会付出代价，尤其是在创造力、批判性思维和社交技能方面)”可知，文章既提到了人工智能对青少年的积极影响，也提到了消极影响，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是分析人工智能对青少年的混合影响。故选B。 D Food security is one of the most pressing challenges facing the world today. With the global population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, the demand for food will increase dramatically. However, climate change, water scarcity, and the loss of arable land are making it harder to grow enough food. Agricultural scientists are working on various solutions to this problem. One approach is to develop crop varieties that can withstand extreme weather conditions, such as drought-resistant rice and heat-tolerant wheat. Another strategy is to improve farming techniques. For example, precision agriculture uses technology like drones and sensors to monitor crops and apply water and fertilizers exactly where they are needed, reducing waste and increasing yields. Vertical farming is also gaining attention. By growing crops in stacked layers indoors, often in urban areas, vertical farms can produce food year-round while using less water and no pesticides. Although the initial costs are high, many experts believe this method could play an important role in future food production. International cooperation is essential. Countries must share knowledge, technology, and resources to ensure that no one is left behind. As Yuan Longping once said, “My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger.” His words remind us that achieving food security requires not only scientific innovation but also a deep sense of responsibility towards humanity. 12. What is one of the main challenges mentioned in the first paragraph? A. The increasing demand for food due to population growth. B. The decreasing global population. C. The surplus of arable land. D. The lack of agricultural technology. 13. What is precision agriculture according to the passage? A. A method of growing crops without water. B. A system of sharing resources between countries. C. A traditional way of planting rice. D. A technology to improve farming efficiency. 14. What does the author imply about achieving food security? A. It can be achieved by a single country alone. B. It is impossible to achieve by 2050. C. It requires both innovation and global cooperation. D. It depends mainly on reducing the population. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Modern Agriculture B. Challenges and Solutions for Global Food Security C. The Life of Yuan Longping D. The Benefits of Vertical Farming 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍全球粮食安全面临严峻挑战，列举培育抗逆作物、精准农业、垂直农场等方案，指出实现粮食安全需要科技创新与国际合作。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“With the global population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, the demand for food will increase dramatically.(预计到2050年全球人口将接近100亿，粮食需求将会大幅增长。)”可知，文中提到的主要挑战之一是人口增长带来的粮食需求增加。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For example, precision agriculture uses technology like drones and sensors to monitor crops and apply water and fertilizers exactly where they are needed, reducing waste and increasing yields.(例如，精准农业利用无人机和传感器等技术监测作物，在需要的地方精准供水施肥，减少浪费并提高产量。)”可知，精准农业是一项提升农业生产效率的技术。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“International cooperation is essential. Countries must share knowledge, technology, and resources to ensure that no one is left behind. As Yuan Longping once said, “My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger.” His words remind us that achieving food security requires not only scientific innovation but also a deep sense of responsibility towards humanity.(国际合作至关重要。各国必须共享知识、技术与资源，确保不落下任何人。正如袁隆平曾说：“我毕生的追求就是让所有人远离饥饿。”他的话提醒我们，实现粮食安全不仅需要科技创新，还要怀有对人类深厚的责任感。)”可知，实现粮食安全需要创新与全球合作。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Food security is one of the most pressing challenges facing the world today.(粮食安全是当今世界面临最紧迫的挑战之一。)”以及后文介绍各类农业解决办法和国际合作可知，文章围绕全球粮食安全的挑战与对策展开，所以B项“Challenges and Solutions for Global Food Security(全球粮食安全的挑战和解决方案)”符合语境，适合用作标题。 Body language can reflect our confidence level. ____16____ and another way when we’re nervous. At a glance (看一眼), most people can tell if we’re confident or not. So we should learn some tips to show confidence through body language so that we always appear confident and ready. ____17____ The first tip to show confidence with body language is to keep your hands out of your pockets. We often put our hands in our pockets when we’re unsure of ourselves. And that’s how other people will view us. Keep your eyes forward ____18____, it often feels natural to lower your head slightly and watch your step. However, this gesture communicates to others that you don’t want to interact. And if you’re not careful, you might get into the habit of doing it all the time. So keep your head up and your eyes forward, even when you’re walking down the street by yourself. Smile Try this as an experiment: Smile at someone as you pass by them on the street or walk around the office. ____19____. Now wouldn’t you like to have that effect on people all the time? Firm handshakes There are few things worse than reaching out your hand during an introduction and getting a handshake which is not firm enough. Don’t be that guy. Instead, hold the other person’s hand firmly and confidently. Of course, a handshake is not a contest. ____20____. A. Take wide steps B. Avoid your pockets C. It’s very likely that they’ll smile back D. When you’re walking anywhere by yourself E. Don’t try to hold the other person’s hand too long F. If you want to show confidence with body language G. We stand and walk a certain way when we’re confident 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于表现自信的肢体语言。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Body language can reflect our confidence level.(肢体语言可以反映我们的自信程度)”及空后“and another way when we’re nervous.(而当我们紧张时， 我们表现的又是另一种情形)”可知，后文提到了紧张会有不一样的肢体语言，可知本句是在说明自信的时候的肢体语言。故G项“当我们自信的时候，我们会以某种方式站立和行走”符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据下文“The first tip to show confidence with body language is to keep your hands out of your pockets.(用肢体语言表现自信的第一个技巧是不要把手放在口袋里)”可知，本段给出的建议是不要把手放在口袋里，B选项中pockets对应后文pockets。故B项“避开你的口袋”适合作本段的小标题。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据本段的小标题“Keep your eyes forward(眼睛向前看)”及空后“it often feels natural to lower your head slightly and watch your step(稍微低下头，注意脚下，这通常是很自然的)”可知，本句是在假设行走的时候，该注意脚下。故D项“当你独自行走的时候”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据空前“Try this as an experiment: Smile at someone as you pass by them on the street or walk around the office.(试着做个实验：当你在街上或在办公室里走过某人时，对他们微笑)”及空后“Now wouldn’t you like to have that effect on people all the time?(难道你不想一直对别人产生这种影响吗？)”可知，上文提到了对他人微笑，可知本句应当说明他们对此的反应。故C项“他们很有可能会报以微笑”符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Of course, a handshake is not a contest.(当然，握手不是比赛)”可知，本句承接上文，说明握手的注意事项：不要试图握别人的手太久。故E项“不要试图握别人的手太久”符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was travelling on a bus. The bus was so ____21____ that many people had to stand in the aisle (过道), including me. The people sitting near the windows ____22____ happy faces, while the people seated near the aisle were ____23____ with the standing persons who had to sometimes touch their shoulders. After about two hours, I was feeling extremely ____24____. I tried to balance myself and move the body weight from one leg to the other to feel a little comfortable. I ____25____ sensed a soft hand touching my arm. I thought this man sitting near me must be ____26____ that my body was touching his shoulder. I ____27____ and looked down at him with a questioning expression. The man ____28____ me with a kind smile on his face. He stood up and ____29____ me that I could take his seat for a few minutes. I was very surprised and immediately sat down without wasting a second. He was happily standing in my place and looking around in _____30_____ . Another 20 minutes passed and I stood up and let him take his _____31_____. A person who was seated near the window was watching us. He stood up and _____32_____ his seat to another standing man. Suddenly this game of _____33_____ spread around and almost all standing people could sit for a few minutes. People were talking to each other while _____34_____ the seats. Needless to say, the rest of the journey became quite _____35_____. 21. A. dirty B. crowded C. extra D. dark 22. A. pretended B. preferred C. wore D. stored 23. A. unhappy B. strict C. familiar D. patient 24. A. annoyed B. tired C. frightened D. excited 25. A. suddenly B. actually C. obviously D. extremely 26. A. anxious B. curious C. upset D. confident 27. A. came along B. fell apart C. calmed down D. turned around 28. A. kept up with B. looked up at C. lived up to D. got along with 29. A. promised B. wished C. warned D. told 30. A. shock B. doubt C. amusement D. surprise 31. A. breath B. seat C. flight D. responsibility 32. A. delivered B. returned C. offered D. passed 33. A. exploring B. cheating C. checking D. sharing 34. A. exchanging B. taking C. searching D. holding 35. A. enjoyable B. painful C. boring D. interesting 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆自己在上大学时一次坐公交车回家的经历。在闷热、拥挤的车厢里，有一个陌生人给当时站着的作者让座，后来车上坐着的人纷纷给站着的人让座。人与人之间的这份善意给了旅途中的人一份清凉和感动。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：公共汽车太拥挤了，许多人不得不站在过道里，包括我在内。A. dirty脏的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. extra额外的；D. dark黑暗的。根据“that many people had to stand in the aisle”可知公共汽车上很拥挤，很多人都没有座位，站在过道里。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在窗边的人脸上挂着快乐的表情，而坐在过道边的人则对站着的人感到不高兴，因为这些人有时不得不碰他们的肩膀。A. pretended假装；B. preferred更喜欢；C. wore面带，呈现，流露；D. stored储存。根据“happy faces”可知，在公共汽车很拥挤的情况下，坐在窗边的人脸上面带快乐的表情。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unhappy不高兴的；B. strict严厉的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. patient耐心的。根据“The people sitting near the windows ____2____ happy faces, while”可知，与坐在窗边的人进行对比，坐在过道边的人则感到不高兴。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约两个小时后，我感到非常累。A. annoyed生气的，恼怒的；B. tired劳累的；C. frightened害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据“that many people had to stand in the aisle (过道), including me”和“After about two hours”可知，因为在拥挤的公共汽车上站了两个小时，作者感到很累。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我突然感到一只柔软的手碰着我的手臂。A. suddenly突然地；B. actually实际上；C. obviously明显地；D. extremely极端地，非常。根据“I tried to balance myself and move the body weight from one leg to the other to feel a little comfortable”可知，作者正在试着保持平衡，感到一只柔软的手碰着他的手臂，这对于作者来说是很突然的。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想坐在我旁边的这个人一定很生气，因为我的身体碰到了他的肩膀。A. anxious焦虑的；B. curious好奇的；C. upset沮丧的，苦恼的；D. confident自信的。根据“while the people seated near the aisle were ____3____ with the standing persons who had to sometimes touch their shoulders.”可知，作者认为坐在他旁边的人一定很生气。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我转过身，带着疑问的表情低头看着他。A. came along出现，进展；B. fell apart崩溃；C. calmed down冷静；D. turned around转身。根据“I thought this man sitting near me must be ____6____”可知，作者在猜想那个人的感受，是没有看到他的表情的，因此是转身低头看着他。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那人抬头看着我，脸上带着慈祥的微笑。A. kept up with跟上；B. looked up at仰视；C. lived up to不辜负；D. got along with与……友好相处。根据“looked down at him with a questioning expression.”可知，作者低头看着那个人，因此那人需要抬头才能看到作者。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他站起来告诉我，我可以在他的座位上坐几分钟。A. promised承诺；B. wished希望；C. warned警告；D. told告诉。根据“that I could take his seat for a few minutes”可知，那个人告诉作者可以在他的座位上坐几分钟。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他高兴地站在我的位置上，高兴地环顾四周。A. shock震惊；B. doubt怀疑；C. amusement娱乐，消遣；D. surprise惊讶。根据“He was happily standing in my place”可知，那个人很高兴。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：又过了20分钟，我站起来让他坐下。A. breath呼吸；B. seat座位；C. flight航班；D. responsibility责任心。根据“He stood up and ____9____ me that I could take his seat for a few minutes.”可知，此处是信息词seat的词汇复现。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他站起来，把座位让给另一个站着的人。A. delivered递送；B. returned返回；C. offered提议，提供；D. passed通过。根据“his seat to another standing man”可知，是把座位给另一个站着的人。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然间，这个分享的游戏开始流传开来，几乎所有站着的人都可以坐上几分钟。A. exploring探索；B. cheating欺骗；C. checking检查；D. sharing分享。根据“almost all standing people could sit for a few minutes”可知，坐着的人和站着的人分享座位。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们在交换座位时互相交谈。A. exchanging交流，交换；B. taking拿走；C. searching搜索，查找；D. holding握住，持有。根据“Suddenly this game of ____13____ spread around and almost all standing people could sit for a few minutes.”可知，人们因为交换座位开始交谈起来。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，剩下的旅程变得相当愉快。A. enjoyable令人愉快的；B. painful痛苦的；C. boring无聊的；D. interesting有趣的。根据“People were talking to each other while ____14____ the seats.”可知，人们因为交换座位，交谈起来，接下来的旅程无疑是令人愉快的。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。 China has made remarkable achievements in agriculture over the past decades. Yuan Longping, ____36____ (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”, devoted his life to ____37____ (solve) the food shortage problem. He was convinced that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, ____38____ is a cross between different varieties of a species. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties. He developed the first hybrid rice that could be used ____39____ farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand ____40____ (they) output greatly. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China ____41____ (comprise) of crops generated from Yuan’s strains. Today, China has become ____42____ world leader in hybrid rice technology. Chinese scientists continue to work on new varieties to resist diseases ____43____ (entire) and to adapt to different climates. They are also considering ____44____ (grow) rice in seawater. This breakthrough was once thought impossible by many ____45____ (scientist). 【答案】36. known 37. solving 38. which 39. for 40. their 41. is comprised 42. a 43. entirely 44. growing 45. scientists 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍袁隆平研发杂交水稻，极大提高粮食产量。如今中国领跑杂交水稻技术，科学家持续培育新品种，甚至研究海水稻。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平毕生致力于解决粮食短缺问题。此处为非谓语，Yuan Longping与know为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词known作后置定语。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平毕生致力于解决粮食短缺问题。固定搭配devote one’s life to doing sth.“献身于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他坚信答案在于培育杂交水稻，杂交水稻是同一物种不同品种之间的杂交产物。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词hybrid rice，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：1974年，他培育出第一种可用于农业种植的杂交水稻。此处考查固定搭配 be used for，意为“被用于……”。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：这种杂交水稻使农民能够大幅提高他们的产量。修饰名词output，要用形容词性物主代词their。 【41题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：据估计，中国国内大约60%的大米消费来自袁隆平培育的品种。此处为从句谓语动词，主语about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption与comprise是被动关系；陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；rice consumption为不可数概念，谓语用单数，所以应填is comprised。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如今，中国已经成为杂交水稻技术领域的世界领先者。此处泛指“一个世界领先者”，且world以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国科学家继续研究新品种，使其能够完全抵抗病害并适应不同气候。修饰动词resist，要用副词，entire的副词形式是entirely，表示“完全地”。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也在考虑在海水中种植水稻。此处考查固定搭配consider doing sth.，意为“考虑做某事”，后接动名词作宾语。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这一突破曾经被许多科学家认为是不可能实现的。many后面接可数名词复数。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 随着社交媒体的普及，青少年在网络上的言论和行为备受关注。请你以“Responsible Online Behavior for Teenagers”为题，写一篇演讲稿，在学校的主题活动中发言。内容包括： 1. 阐述演讲的背景； 2. 阐述青少年在网络上应如何做到言行负责，至少包含两个要点。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear teachers and classmates, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s all strive to be responsible netizens. Thank you all for listening! 【答案】Dear teachers and classmates, With the rapid development of social media, teenagers’ online behavior has drawn widespread attention. It is important for us to behave responsibly online. First, we should think carefully before posting comments, making sure our words do not hurt others. Second, we should respect different opinions and avoid spreading false information. Moreover, protecting personal privacy is also crucial for responsible online behavior. When we develop these good habits, the Internet will become a warmer and safer place for everyone. Let’s all strive to be responsible netizens. Thank you all for listening! 【解析】 【导语】本题要求考生以“Responsible Online Behavior for Teenagers”为题，写一篇演讲稿，在学校的主题活动中发言。 【详解】1.词汇积累 尊重：respect → esteem 至关重要的：crucial → critical 保护：protect → defend/safeguard 负责任的：responsible → accountable 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the rapid development of social media, teenagers’ online behavior has drawn widespread attention. 拓展句：With the rapid development of social media, teenagers’ online behavior has drawn widespread attention, which has sparked heated discussion among parents and educators. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First, we should think carefully before posting comments, making sure our words do not hurt others. (运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语和省略连词的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Moreover, protecting personal privacy is also crucial for responsible online behavior. (运用了动名词短语作主语) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own efforts. I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago. I took the head coaching job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. The school took part in the league matches every year. However, it never ended well. We were more of the audience, watching and cheering instead of sweating out in the fields. Fortunately, the school held the tradition that the school’s old team was to play against the new team at the end of spring practice. For lack of resources, the old team bad no coach, and they didn’t even practice to prepare for the game. I was assigned (指派) as the coach of the new team, which was why I was excited. I believed that we were going to win, but to my disappointment, we were defeated. I couldn’t believe I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I tried to figure out the reason and what I should do next. It didn’t take long before I came to realize that my team was depending on me. Without proper guidance or previous experience, my team was at a loss what to do. I had to change my attitude so that I could bring out the best in them about their ability and potential. I would let my action do the talking. First, I started doing anything I could to help them build a little pride. I could see their spirits lifted, with their head held high in great confidence. Most importantly, I began to treat them like winners. Only when they regarded themselves as winners could they willingly invest time and energy. This summer, the other teams enjoyed their vacations. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Six months later, football season started. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 This summer, the other teams enjoyed their vacations. We met every day and practiced passing and kicking the football. At first, some complained that even the hardest practice couldn't change the fact that they were the last. The whole team was covered by the sense of depression and failure. What I could do at that time was to company them and try to cheer them up. Encouraged by my persistence, the team gathered the spirit of trying again and practiced even harder. This time, we sweated out in the fields instead of being the audience, watching and cheering. Every inch of the field has seen the effort of my team. Six months later, football season started. After suffering our failure on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to improve. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a victory for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest thrills of my life! From the game I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can influence the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them. I helped them to see themselves differently, and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, not born. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在巴克斯利一所学校作足球教练的经历，因为缺乏资源，球队没有教练，甚至也没有为比赛做准备，而作者临危受命，用自己的行动帮助球队进行训练，最终取得了很好的成绩。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“今年暑假，其他的队伍都在享受他们的假期”可知，第一段可描写作者与队伍之间在暑假进行集训的情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“六个月后，足球赛季开始了”可知，第二段可描写作者带领团队一路比赛以及最终获得的成绩。 2.续写线索：作者接受学校足球教练的工作——足球队面临的困境——作者激发队员的斗志——足球队一起进行集训——作者带领球队获得的成绩——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 见证：see/witness 尝试：try/make an effort to do sth. 继续：continue/carry on with 情绪类 激动：thrill /excitation 沮丧：depression/disappointment 【点睛】[高分句型1]What I could do at that time was to company them and try to cheer them up.(what引导的主语从句) [高分句型2] My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest thrills of my life!(现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 墨江一中2028届高二年级上学期作业检测 英语试卷 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部 分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the woman probably do next? A. Buy a book. B. Go to a library. C. Do some research. 2. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a museum. C. In a theater. 3. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To put an advertisement. B. To make a suggestion. C. To get some information. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to order. B. Where to eat. C. When to leave. 5. What is the man? A. A designer. B. An engineer. C. A student. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题 6. What is the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Conducting an interview. C. Sharing her lifestyle. 7. Where does the man work? A. In a local newspaper. B. In a company. C. In a college. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题 8. What does the man dislike about the new apartment? A. The living room. B. The bedroom. C. The kitchen. 9. How much will the man pay for the apartment per month? A. $450. B. $900. C. $1, 800. 10. How will the man go to university? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By subway. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题 11. How old is Tom now? A. 4 years old. B. 5 years old. C. 7 years old. 12. What do children need to do in the event? A. Collect some cards. B. Make hamburgers. C. Read several books. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and parent. B. Husband and wife. C. Old friends. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题 14. How many days are there until Father’s birthday? A. 4 days. B. 5 days. C. 6 days. 15. What does Chloe think of the idea of buying a motorcycle? A. Great. B. Average. C. Terrible. 16. What do the speakers decide to buy as a gift? A. A laptop. B. A TV set. C. A smart phone. 17. What is the man going to do this afternoon? A. Play games. B. Go to the gym. C. Do some shopping. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题 18. When will the visitors reach the London Eye tomorrow? A. At 9:30 am. B. At 10:10 am. C. At 10:40 am. 19. Where will the visitors go tomorrow afternoon? A. Covent Garden. B. The Science Museum. C. The Piccadilly Theatre. 20. What will the visitors do after dinner tomorrow? A. Go shopping. B. See a 3D film. C. Enjoy a show. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Cloud Forest Conservation Volunteering in Ecuador Love Volunteers is introducing an incredible environmental project to you. This project places volunteers into the Ecuadorian Cloud Forest reserve, located 3 hours from Quito in Pichincha Province. The project aims to restore and maintain the reserve as well as work with the local community on educational and agricultural projects for future sustainability. How You Can Help Volunteers could find themselves involved in maintenance and reforestation tasks, work on a small organic farm (with animals in need of care) in the reserve, or environmental education initiatives and community service for visitors. Requirements This project is open to all those aged 18 and above. It doesn’t require participants to have specific education, qualifications or experience, but all applicants must have a genuine willingness to help, show drive and initiative, and believe they are capable of solving problems. Start Dates & Duration This project is available year-round and programs start every SUNDAY. Volunteers can choose to participate for periods ranging from 1 week to 4 weeks. Longer stays can be arranged directly with the local team, but will be subject to availability and individual visa conditions. Arrival & Orientation Volunteers are collected from the airport on arrival and taken to their accommodation in Quito for Sunday night. On Monday, transport is provided to the project site to meet with the local staff and settle in to live at the biological station. • Program Arrival Day: SUNDAY • Program Departure Day: SATURDAY • Arrival/Departure Airport: Mariscal Sucre International Airport, Quito, Ecuador Fees ● 1 week: $ 689; ● 2 weeks: $ 789; ● 3 weeks: $ 909; ● 4 weeks: $1,039 In addition to the program fees listed above, a registration fee is payable to secure your place. The registration fee is $ 299 for those volunteering with Love Volunteers for the first time or $149 for any subsequent volunteer placements. 1. What are the volunteers most likely to do? A. Attend to farm animals. B. Cut down trees for sale. C. Interview experts in agriculture. D. Promote produce in supermarkets. 2. What is a requirement for the project volunteers? A. Being under 18 years old. B. A positive “can-do” attitude. C. Rich volunteering experience. D. Good educational background. 3. How much should a returning volunteer pay in total for a 2-week program? A. $ 689. B. $ 838. C. $ 938. D. $1,088. B Ernst Mach was a weak child, born in Moravia（now Czechia）in 1838. He didn’t even go to school until the age of 14. Instead, his parents educated him at home. Like many genius children, his teachers criticized him, calling him “unteachable, absolutely talentless.” Yet young Mach excelled at university in Vienna. He studied mathematics, physics and philosophy. He was also boundlessly curious. He conducted all kinds of experiments, believing that theories must be tried, tested, and proven in facts, but first formulated in the mind. He brought this rigorous（严密的）approach to his studies, believing that true science is based on what actually happens and can be observed. In addition to his work in the sciences, Mach was also a well-rounded student, with interests in philosophy and even sports. He was an excellent boxer and fencer, which reflected the wide range of his abilities and interests. As a teacher, Mach was serious and demanding. That was the model of pedagogy （教学）of his time, and Mach followed this standard: tight collar, buttoned-down tie, waistcoat and jacket, and serious eyes behind wire-framed glasses. He expected exactness from his students. Among those he influenced was the young Albert Einstein. Mach’s insistence on clarity and rigorous testing of ideas helped shape Einstein’s thinking. Though Mach was doubtful about some of Einstein’s later conclusions, such as E=mc2, his doubt drove Einstein to prove his ideas further. He pushed the young Einstein to achieve excellence. While Mach is credited with many theories of his own, including the aircraft velocity（速度）measurement that bears his name, “Mach 1. Mach 2, etc.”, his mentorship of Einstein is perhaps his greatest achievement. The best teachers in our lives also challenge us and see us as not yet complete but full of potential. They shine a light on the path that gets us to a successful reality. And through us, they live on. 4. What can we know about Ernst Mach from paragraph 1? A. He attended university at the age of 14. B. He was considered a genius by his teachers. C. His early education was shaped by his parents. D. His physical disability discouraged his studying. 5. How did Ernst Mach impact Albert Einstein? A. He forced Einstein to give in. B. He challenged Einstein to excel. C. He introduced new theories to Einstein. D. He inspired Einstein to focus on physics. 6. Which can best describe Ernst Mach? A. Cautious and ambitious. B. Professional and influential. C. Diligent and dependent. D. Incredible and accessible. 7. In which column of a magazine can we probably read this text? A. Sports. B. Travel. C. Fashion. D. Education. C When it comes to back-to-school shopping or choosing makeup colors, the high school student Kayla asks ChatGPT for guidance. However, she avoids using AI to do her homework and limits her interactions to everyday questions. “Everyone uses AI for everything now. It’s really taking over,” said Kayla. “I think kids use AI to get out of thinking.” But many teenagers say they are increasingly interacting with AI as if it were a companion, capable of providing advice and friendship. More than 70% of teens have used AI companions and hear turn to them for help regularly, according to a new Media from Common Sense study. For the last couple of years, concerns about cheating at school have dominated the conversation around kids and AI. But artificial intelligence is playing a much larger role in many of their lives, becoming a go-to source for personal advice, emotional support, every day decision-making and problem-solving. In the Common Sense Media survey, 31% of teens said their conversations with AI companions were “as satisfying or more satisfying” than talking with real friends. Michael Robb, the study’s lead author, warns that Adolescence is a crucial time for developing identity and social skills, and AI companions should complement — not replace — real-world interaction. “If teens are developing social skills on AI platforms where they are constantly being favored without being challenged, not learning to consider other perspectives, they may not be adequately prepared in the real world,” he said. Researchers and educators worry about the cognitive costs for youths who rely heavily on AI, especially in their creativity, critical thinking and social skills. “All of us are struck by how quickly this blew up,” said Eva Telzer, a psychology and neuroscience professor. “I could see a kid that grows up with AI not seeing a reason to go to the park or try to make a friend. I’m worried that kids could get lost in it.” 8. What does Kayla think of the use of AI among kids? A. It gives them some advice and comfort. B. It helps them escape from mental labor. C. It pulls them back from the daily chores. D. It enables them to get away from the reality. 9. How has the AI affected the teenagers? A. Most of them have become entirely dependent on it. B. Some of them have significantly improved their social skills. C. Some of them have experienced different levels of satisfaction. D. Most of them have effectively solved the problem of loneliness. 10. According to Robb, what is a possible risk of youth relying on AI companions? A. Getting lost in a virtual world. B. Missing out on practical skills. C. Losing the ability of making friends. D. Lacking preparation for the real world. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To warn parents of the dangers of AI. B. To analyze the mixed impact of AI on teens. C. To inform the current trend of AI use in schools. D. To call for the ban on the use of AI among teens. D Food security is one of the most pressing challenges facing the world today. With the global population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, the demand for food will increase dramatically. However, climate change, water scarcity, and the loss of arable land are making it harder to grow enough food. Agricultural scientists are working on various solutions to this problem. One approach is to develop crop varieties that can withstand extreme weather conditions, such as drought-resistant rice and heat-tolerant wheat. Another strategy is to improve farming techniques. For example, precision agriculture uses technology like drones and sensors to monitor crops and apply water and fertilizers exactly where they are needed, reducing waste and increasing yields. Vertical farming is also gaining attention. By growing crops in stacked layers indoors, often in urban areas, vertical farms can produce food year-round while using less water and no pesticides. Although the initial costs are high, many experts believe this method could play an important role in future food production. International cooperation is essential. Countries must share knowledge, technology, and resources to ensure that no one is left behind. As Yuan Longping once said, “My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger.” His words remind us that achieving food security requires not only scientific innovation but also a deep sense of responsibility towards humanity. 12. What is one of the main challenges mentioned in the first paragraph? A. The increasing demand for food due to population growth. B. The decreasing global population. C. The surplus of arable land. D. The lack of agricultural technology. 13. What is precision agriculture according to the passage? A. A method of growing crops without water. B. A system of sharing resources between countries. C. A traditional way of planting rice. D. A technology to improve farming efficiency. 14. What does the author imply about achieving food security? A. It can be achieved by a single country alone. B. It is impossible to achieve by 2050. C. It requires both innovation and global cooperation. D. It depends mainly on reducing the population. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Modern Agriculture B. Challenges and Solutions for Global Food Security C. The Life of Yuan Longping D. The Benefits of Vertical Farming Body language can reflect our confidence level. ____16____ and another way when we’re nervous. At a glance (看一眼), most people can tell if we’re confident or not. So we should learn some tips to show confidence through body language so that we always appear confident and ready. ____17____ The first tip to show confidence with body language is to keep your hands out of your pockets. We often put our hands in our pockets when we’re unsure of ourselves. And that’s how other people will view us. Keep your eyes forward ____18____, it often feels natural to lower your head slightly and watch your step. However, this gesture communicates to others that you don’t want to interact. And if you’re not careful, you might get into the habit of doing it all the time. So keep your head up and your eyes forward, even when you’re walking down the street by yourself. Smile Try this as an experiment: Smile at someone as you pass by them on the street or walk around the office. ____19____. Now wouldn’t you like to have that effect on people all the time? Firm handshakes There are few things worse than reaching out your hand during an introduction and getting a handshake which is not firm enough. Don’t be that guy. Instead, hold the other person’s hand firmly and confidently. Of course, a handshake is not a contest. ____20____. A. Take wide steps B. Avoid your pockets C. It’s very likely that they’ll smile back D. When you’re walking anywhere by yourself E. Don’t try to hold the other person’s hand too long F. If you want to show confidence with body language G. We stand and walk a certain way when we’re confident 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was travelling on a bus. The bus was so ____21____ that many people had to stand in the aisle (过道), including me. The people sitting near the windows ____22____ happy faces, while the people seated near the aisle were ____23____ with the standing persons who had to sometimes touch their shoulders. After about two hours, I was feeling extremely ____24____. I tried to balance myself and move the body weight from one leg to the other to feel a little comfortable. I ____25____ sensed a soft hand touching my arm. I thought this man sitting near me must be ____26____ that my body was touching his shoulder. I ____27____ and looked down at him with a questioning expression. The man ____28____ me with a kind smile on his face. He stood up and ____29____ me that I could take his seat for a few minutes. I was very surprised and immediately sat down without wasting a second. He was happily standing in my place and looking around in _____30_____ . Another 20 minutes passed and I stood up and let him take his _____31_____. A person who was seated near the window was watching us. He stood up and _____32_____ his seat to another standing man. Suddenly this game of _____33_____ spread around and almost all standing people could sit for a few minutes. People were talking to each other while _____34_____ the seats. Needless to say, the rest of the journey became quite _____35_____. 21. A. dirty B. crowded C. extra D. dark 22. A. pretended B. preferred C. wore D. stored 23. A. unhappy B. strict C. familiar D. patient 24. A. annoyed B. tired C. frightened D. excited 25. A. suddenly B. actually C. obviously D. extremely 26. A. anxious B. curious C. upset D. confident 27. A. came along B. fell apart C. calmed down D. turned around 28. A. kept up with B. looked up at C. lived up to D. got along with 29. A. promised B. wished C. warned D. told 30. A. shock B. doubt C. amusement D. surprise 31. A. breath B. seat C. flight D. responsibility 32. A. delivered B. returned C. offered D. passed 33. A. exploring B. cheating C. checking D. sharing 34. A. exchanging B. taking C. searching D. holding 35. A. enjoyable B. painful C. boring D. interesting 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。 China has made remarkable achievements in agriculture over the past decades. Yuan Longping, ____36____ (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”, devoted his life to ____37____ (solve) the food shortage problem. He was convinced that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, ____38____ is a cross between different varieties of a species. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties. He developed the first hybrid rice that could be used ____39____ farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand ____40____ (they) output greatly. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China ____41____ (comprise) of crops generated from Yuan’s strains. Today, China has become ____42____ world leader in hybrid rice technology. Chinese scientists continue to work on new varieties to resist diseases ____43____ (entire) and to adapt to different climates. They are also considering ____44____ (grow) rice in seawater. This breakthrough was once thought impossible by many ____45____ (scientist). 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 随着社交媒体的普及，青少年在网络上的言论和行为备受关注。请你以“Responsible Online Behavior for Teenagers”为题，写一篇演讲稿，在学校的主题活动中发言。内容包括： 1. 阐述演讲的背景； 2. 阐述青少年在网络上应如何做到言行负责，至少包含两个要点。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear teachers and classmates, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s all strive to be responsible netizens. Thank you all for listening! 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own efforts. I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago. I took the head coaching job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. The school took part in the league matches every year. However, it never ended well. We were more of the audience, watching and cheering instead of sweating out in the fields. Fortunately, the school held the tradition that the school’s old team was to play against the new team at the end of spring practice. For lack of resources, the old team bad no coach, and they didn’t even practice to prepare for the game. I was assigned (指派) as the coach of the new team, which was why I was excited. I believed that we were going to win, but to my disappointment, we were defeated. I couldn’t believe I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I tried to figure out the reason and what I should do next. It didn’t take long before I came to realize that my team was depending on me. Without proper guidance or previous experience, my team was at a loss what to do. I had to change my attitude so that I could bring out the best in them about their ability and potential. I would let my action do the talking. First, I started doing anything I could to help them build a little pride. I could see their spirits lifted, with their head held high in great confidence. Most importantly, I began to treat them like winners. Only when they regarded themselves as winners could they willingly invest time and energy. This summer, the other teams enjoyed their vacations. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Six months later, football season started. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $