专题04 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，辽宁专用）八年级英语上学期

可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（记叙文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.D3.A4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.A 主题语境02人与社会-社会 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D 主题语境03人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D 主题语境04人与自我-个人情况 【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.C 主题语境05人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 【答案】1.C2.D3.C4.D 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-时代变迁 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.B 113 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.A 主题语境02人与社会-节日 【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.A 主题语境03人与社会-著名人物 【答案】1.B2.B3.B4.A 主题语境04人与自我-学校活动 【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.C 主题语境05人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.C 主题语境06人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.B 主题语境07人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.A 主题语境08人与自然-动物与植物 【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A 拓展培优 213 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境01人与社会-历史 【答案】1.C2.C3.D4D 主题语境02人与社会-时代变迁 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.B 主题语境03人与社会-著名人物 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.B 主题语境04人与自我-守则与制度 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.D 3/3 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 Passage 1 （25-26八上·辽宁东港市·期中）I’m a foreign student in Beijing University. I am learning the Chinese Language (语言) When I was young, I found a book named Journey to the West. The story was so fascinating that I decided to come to China after I finished high school. But my parents couldn’t understand why I would like to come here. Last year, I invited my parents to travel in China. We started our journey from Beijing where I studied. We went to the Palace Museum and Tian’anmen Square, feeling the rich history of China. Beijing is a modern city, yet it still has its ancient beauty. After that, we flew to Chengdu. We saw cute giant pandas and even had the chance to feed them with bamboo. We also tried the delicious and spicy Sichuan hot pot. I had never tried it before and it was such a special experience. Finally, we took the high-speed train to Hunan. The train ride was smooth, quiet and fast. Both my parents and I enjoyed the ride very much. On the way to the airport, my mother left her passport on the subway. Thankfully, the subway workers were very friendly and quickly found the lost passport. They even sent it to the airport for us. When it came time for our tearful goodbye, my parents said to me, “Now we understand your choice, and we also like China.” 1.The writer decided to come to China after high school because of ________. A. a story B. his parents C. a trip D. Chinese Language 2.What does the underlined word “it” probably refer to (指代)? A. Feeding pandas. B. Flying to Chengdu. C. Going to Beijing. D. Eating Sichuan hot pot. 3.Which is the right order of the writer’s activities? ① took a trip to Chengdu. ② went to Hunan by train. ③ said goodbye in the airport. ④ visited the Palace Museum. A. ④①②③ B. ④②①③ C. ②④①③ D. ①④③② 4.Which may be the best title of the text? A. My Life in China B. My Family’s Journey in China C. My Study in China D. My Family’s Difficulty in China Passage 2 （25-26八上·辽宁盘锦新兴中学、育才学校·期中）Thanks to China’s 144-hour visa-free transit policy (过境免签政策), 34-year-old Julia went back to Guangzhou again. She visited Guangzhou 10 years ago. From December 5th to 17th, 2024, Julia traveled from Russia to Asia to spend the winter holiday. Her first stop was Guangzhou. After Julia and her friends arrived in Guangzhou, they had their first surprise: the Guangzhou subway app. ________ She had to look at maps to find out her way. “The app is really helpful. It’s so easy to travel by subway here,” said Julia. “We don’t need to worry about getting lost. There are always friendly workers ready to help, though they don’t speak much English.” When Julia walked on Shangxiajiu Street at night, she was surprised because everything there was up-to-date. “I feel like being in the future. We can see all the high buildings and electric (电动的) cars everywhere,” she said. Ten years ago, there were much fewer high buildings or cars on the road. “I feel very safe, though it is late at night,” said Julia. “It was wonderful to go out at night!” So she spent lots of time trying different kinds of night market food. How delicious! Julia had great fun in Guangzhou. Now she is planning her next trip to visit other Chinese cities. “I’ll get to experience more of this beautiful country soon!” 1.How old was Julia when she first visited Guangzhou? A. 34 years old. B. 24 years old. C. 14 years old. D. 10 years old. 2.Which of the following can be put in “__________” in Paragraph 2? A. Last time, she visited Guangzhou and used the app happily. B. The last time she visited Guangzhou, there was no such app. C. Though she first visited Guangzhou, she knew how to use the app. D. She first visited Guangzhou and the police helped her use the app. 3.What does the underlined word up-to-date mean? A. Slow. B. Free. C. Modern. D. Strange. 4.What can we know about Julia from the last paragraph? A. She enjoyed her days in Guangzhou. B. She wants to travel to more countries. C. She lived in many Chinese cities before the trip. D. She likes other Chinese cities better than Guangzhou. 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳175中学教育集团·期中）One day, a girl walked into her class teacher Ms Gao’s office. After a while of silence (沉默), she said, “Ms Gao, I don’t plan to continue with this class.” The teacher was surprised for a moment and asked in wonder, “Why? Can you tell me the reason?” The girl breathed heavily and said, “I always get distracted in class. Sometimes I can’t help thinking about other things, and sometimes, I focus too much on what others are doing. It’s hard for me to keep my eyes on the lesson.” The teacher listened quietly. After a moment of thinking, she handed her a glass of water and said, “Please take this glass of water and walk around the classroom twice. But make sure no water runs out.” The girl carefully took the glass and walked around the classroom twice. Finally, she returned to the teacher and said, “I did it.” The teacher smiled and asked, “Did you find anything unusual while you were walking? For example, did you think about other things, and did you notice what others were doing?” The girl was a bit surprised and replied, “No, I was just paying attention to the glass of water, making sure no water ran out.” The teacher nodded (点头), speaking in a soft voice, “When you walk into the classroom, you should focus on your studies just like you kept your eyes on the glass. In this way, no matter what happens around you, you will keep focusing, and even the bad actions of others won’t trouble you. Focus on your dreams and move forward so that you won’t easily get lost from your way.” 1.Why did the girl want to leave the class? A. Because she was bored with the class. B. Because she couldn’t focus on the lesson. C. Because she thought the class was hard. D. Because she didn’t like the classmates. 2.What do the underlined words “get distracted” in the first paragraph most probably mean in Chinese? A. 分心 B. 抱怨 C. 放松 D. 沉浸 3.What did the teacher ask the girl to do? A. To clean the classroom. B. To answer some questions. C. To take a glass of water and walk around the classroom. D. To talk to those classmates with bad actions. 4.What will the girl probably do next? A. She’ll give up her studies. B. She’ll keep thinking about leaving. C. She’ll talk with classmates about the problem. D. She’ll try to focus like what the teacher said. 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳南昌中学·期中）Chen Yuxuan, a 16-year-old student from Shenzhen Middle School, has won the top prize at the International Youth Science Competition for his invention “Smart Plant Box”. His device (装置) helps plants grow better in cities using solar power and AI technology. Chen’s invention can automatically (自动地) offer water and nutrients (营养物) to plants based on their needs. It uses sensors (传感器) to check soil conditions and a small computer to analyze (分析) the data. The box costs about 500 yuan to make but can increase plant growth by 40%. “I want to help make cities greener,” Chen said. “Many people live in apartments without gardens, but everyone can grow plants with this box.” The young inventor spent two years developing his project. He failed over 20 times before succeeding. His science teacher, Mr. Zhang, said: “Chen doesn’t stop easily when facing problems. He always tries again and often works in the lab until very late to make his invention better.” Besides, Chen’s parents supported his research by turning their balcony (阳台) into a testing area. Over 1,000 students from 50 countries joined the competition. It even won international attention. The judges (裁判员) praised Chen’s invention, “It can be widely used in daily life and it is environmentally friendly.” Shenzhen Government has promised to support more young inventors like Chen. Chen plans to improve his invention and hopes to study environmental science at university. “I believe technology can help solve environmental problems,” he told reporters. 1.How does Chen Yuxuan’s invention help plants grow? A. By making them get more sunlight. B. By providing what they need. C. By moving them to better soil. D. By protecting them from insects. 2.What makes Chen successful most? A. His spirit of never giving up. B. His maths teacher’s help. C. His family’s money support. D. The government’s effort. 3.Why did the judges like Chen’s invention? A. It was cheap and easy to make. B. It used the latest technology. C. It was practical and green. D. It won international attention. 4.What does Chen plan to do next? A. Start a company to sell his invention. B. Help his teacher with other projects. C. Teach other students how to invent things. D. Make his invention better and study science. 主题语境04 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·辽宁大连金普·期中）I bumped into (撞上) a stranger as he walked by me. “Oh, excuse me!” I said. He replied with a smile and said, “Please excuse me too. I wasn’t watching out for you.” We apologized (道歉) and went our own ways. Later that day, when I was cooking, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over (撞倒). “Move out of the way!” I shouted. She walked away sadly. But I didn’t feel like I had to apologize to her. While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, “While dealing with a stranger you were polite, but with a daughter you love, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You’ll find them in the kitchen by the door. Have you seen the tears in her eyes?” I quietly went and knelt down (跪下) by my daughter’s bed. “Honey, I am so sorry.” I said. “Are these the flowers you picked for me?” She said, “I found them by the tree. I picked them because they’re pretty like you. I knew you’d like them, especially the blue ones.” I tearfully replied, “Sweetie, I’m really sorry for the way I acted today. I shouldn’t have shouted at you.” “It’s okay. I love you anyway.” She said as she kissed me on my cheek. If we can be polite to strangers, why can’t we do the same for the ones we love? 1.What did the writer do after nearly knocking her daughter over? A. She said “excuse me” politely. B. She shouted at her angrily. C. She bought her new flowers. D. She asked her husband for help. 2.What did the daughter do after being shouted at? A. She felt angry and shouted back. B. She felt sad but still showed love. C. She felt nothing and forgot quickly. D. She felt happy and went out to play. 3.What lesson did the writer learn that day? A. To be careful while cooking. B. To accept her child’s gift happily. C. To be polite and kind to the family. D. To accept her husband’s advice. 4.What is the best title for the story? A. Saying Sorry to a Stranger B. A Sad Day for a Daughter C. Be Kind to Loved Ones D. The Importance of Flowers 主题语境05 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 I LOVE CHINESE! David Brown is a 15-year-old boy from the UK. This summer he is studying Chinese in a summer camp in Gansu Province. This is what he told our interviewer. What do you think of Gansu? Well, I think it’s fantastic. Summer is the best season to visit Gansu. I enjoy the pleasant weather a lot. Gansu also has many pretty sights with a long history. Where are you staying in Gansu? I’m staying with some very nice families in different cities in Gansu. That’s quite helpful for learning Chinese and experiencing the life and culture here. That’s why I’ve chosen the homestay. Is there anything else you especially like about it? Yes, the friendly people and delicious food. When we were in Tianshui City 3 days ago, we tried malatang, a traditional spicy hot pot dish. I like it a lot. Beef noodles and niangpizi are also my favourites. I haven’t tried huidouzi. But it seems very tasty. Do you like learning Chinese? I enjoy learning Chinese because it’s interesting and has a rich history. Chinese characters are beautiful, and the language offers many chances. Being able to speak Chinese will be very helpful in the future. I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up. 1.What does David Brown do? A. He is a Chinese teacher. B. He is a tour guide. C. He is an English student. D. He is an American teenager. 2.What food hasn’t David Brown tried in Gansu? A. Beef noodles. B. Malatang. C. Niangpizi. D. Huidouzi. 3.Why is David Brown staying with the local families? A. Because he has no other choices. B. Because his parents ask him to do so. C. Because it’s helpful for language learning. D. Because it’s cheaper than staying in hotels. 4.What makes David Brown want to be a Chinese teacher? A. The enjoyment Chinese food brings. B. Chinese people he met. C. What the interviewer told him. D. Many chances the language will bring. 主题语境01 人与社会-时代变迁 Passage 1 （25-26八上·辽宁本溪-11月·期中）In September, Chengdu No.1 Middle School in Sichuan held a special activity. Teachers asked students to share the stories of their family heirlooms (传家宝). Over 300 students took part in it, bringing their heirlooms to school and telling the stories behind them. One of the students,14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player. His grandmother bought the player in the 1980s to listen to the news. Later, his mother used it to play music tapes. When Song was younger, his mother would often play old poems for him on the player. “Today, we have many new advanced music players. But we still keep it because it holds beautiful memories of my family,” Song said. Another student, Xiao Yao, also 14, won first prize in the activity. Her heirlooms were some food coupons (粮票) from her grandmother. These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon. Xiao was amazed when her grandmother told her stories about this difficult time. “My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future,” Xiao explained. The heirloom stories shared by the students reflect the rich history and beautiful memories of their families. These items connect them to the past and remind them of the hardships their ancestors faced. Through these stories, we hope the students will carry on good family traditions, appreciate (欣赏) their family history, and continue to work hard for their future. By remembering the past, they can help build a better tomorrow for themselves, their families, and the country. 1.What does the underlined word “scarce” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Expensive. B. Traditional. C. Not enough. D. Not difficult to get. 2.According to Xiao Yao, what is her grandmother’s hope for her? A. To study the history of food shortages in China. B. To share her heirloom stories with others at school. C. To keep the food coupons safe for future generations. D. To be thankful and work hard for the future. 3.What is the structure of the article? A. B. C. D. 4.What can be the best title for the passage? A. A School Activity B. Family Heirlooms and Their Stories C. Expensive Family Heirlooms D. Better Country, Better Tomorrow Passage 2 （25-26八上·辽宁阜新实验中学·期中）One day, I arrived home with tears in my eyes. My grandmother asked me what happened. I told her that I was picked on (欺负) at school. A girl kept saying terrible things to me. My grandmother looked at me with her loving eyes and said to me, “Do you know that you have two magic pockets (口袋). One has a hole while the other doesn’t. When someone says something good, put it in the pocket that is sealed. Save it. When you go to bed, take it out and enjoy it.” “But how about the other pocket, Grandma?” I asked. She smiled at me and said, “If somebody says something bad to you, put it in the pocket with a hole. Let it go quickly. The hole is for all the problems that you don’t want.” I was really surprised and attracted (吸引) by the two magic pockets and I did what my grandma said. After that, I became different from before. In the past, I kept bad words or things in mind. But after my grandma told me about the two pockets, I knew how to work out my problems. Now my classmates often say that I am happy boy now. 1.Why did the writer arrive home with tears in his eyes? A. Because he fought with his friends. B. Because he was picked on. C. Because he did badly in the test. D. Because he had few friends. 2.The underlined word “sealed” in the paragraph 2 probably means“_________”. A. closed B. filled C. clean D. large 3.How did the writer’s feelings change in the story? A. relaxed-glad-worried B. sad-amazed-glad C. sad-glad-worried D. amazed-sad-glad 4.The writer tells this story to _________. A. teach us to accept the bad sides of life B. ask us to be friendly with classmates C. advise us to remember the love of family D. tell us to ask our family for help 主题语境02 人与社会-节日 （25-26八上·辽宁朝阳第一中学联盟校-10月·期中）Mooncakes are a kind of special food of the Mid-Autumn Festival. They are in the shape of a full moon because people hope all their family can get together all the time. When I was a child, my family always got together in my grandparents’ home at the Mid-Autumn Festival. We sat around a big round table and made mooncakes by hand together. We followed my grandma’s ways of making mooncakes. And my grandpa told interesting stories to us. Everyone was tired but with a happy face. As I was older, my family and I moved to different cities. We were busy working and learning, so we seldom sat together and talked with each other. And it was different at the Mid-Autumn Festival. There were different kinds of beautiful and delicious mooncakes in the shops. However, my grandma still asked us to go back to make mooncakes together. She told us she liked doing that for it could let us get together and let us not forget those old hard days. We all know what a mooncake brings for us. It passes our love to our family and makes Chinese virtue (美德) be passed down for a long time. 1.Why are mooncakes in the shape of a full moon? A. Because people hope all their family can always get together. B. Because people hope all their family can get together at the Mid-Autumn Festival. C. Because people hope all their family can sometimes get together. D. Because people hope all their family can never get together. 2.Where did the writer’s family get together at the Mid-Autumn Festival? A. In his home. B. In his parents’ home. C. In his grandparents’ home. D. In his uncle’s home. 3.The underlined word “that” refers to (指的是) “________”. A. working and learning together B. sitting together C. talking together D. making mooncakes together 4.Why did the writer write this passage? A. To tell us to cherish (珍惜) the time with our family. B. To tell us mooncakes are a kind of special food for him. C. To tell us how they celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. D. To tell us we should make mooncakes together at the Mid-Autumn Festival. 主题语境03 人与社会-著名人物 （25-26八上·辽宁阜新实验中学·期中）Yang Zhenning is one of the most famous physicists in the world. He was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, China on September 22, 1922. Yang Zhenning showed great talent in science when he was young. He studied at Southwest Associated University (西南联大) in Kunming during the difficult times of war. After graduating, he got a chance to further his study in the United States. There, he worked hard and made great achievements in physics. One of his most important contributions (贡献) is the Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论). This theory has a great influence on modern physics. It helps scientists better understand the basic forces and particles (基本力与粒子) in the universe. Yang Zhenning’s work not only won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957 but also made him a respected scientist in the international scientific community. In his later years, Yang Zhenning returned to China. He hoped to contribute to the development of science and education in his motherland. He taught at Tsinghua University, bringing his rich knowledge and international vision (视野) to the young students. He also actively helped develop international scientific exchanges (交流), making China’s voice heard more clearly in the global scientific field. Yang Zhenning’s life is a great example of how one can achieve huge success through hard work and a love for science. His story encourages young people around the world to stick to their dreams in science. 1.When did Yang Zhenning win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A. In 1922. B. In 1957. C. In 2000. D. In 2022. 2.What is one of Yang Zhenning’s most important contributions (贡献)? A. The example of achieving success. B. The Yang-Mills theory. C. The discovery of a new planet. D. The invention of a new machine. 3.Why did Yang Zhenning return to China in his later years? A. Because he missed his family. B. Because he wanted to contribute to China’s development. C. Because he was tired of living abroad. D. Because he couldn’t find a job abroad. 4.What can we learn from Yang Zhenning’s story? A. We should study hard and stick to our dreams. B. We should only care about our own interests. C. We should give up easily when facing difficulties. D. We should not go abroad to study. 主题语境04 人与自我-学校活动 （25-26八上·沈阳第一二六中学·限时作业）Last month, our class had a school trip to a small farm in the countryside. All of us were excited because we rarely (很少) went outside the city. Early in the morning, we took a bus to the farm. The air there was fresh, and we could see green fields everywhere. When we arrived, a farmer named Mr. Wang welcomed us warmly. He first showed us around the farm. We saw cows eating grass, chickens running around, and colorful vegetables growing in the garden. Then, Mr. Wang taught us how to pick strawberries. At first, I didn’t know which ones were ripe (成熟的). He told us to choose the big, red ones—they tasted the sweetest. I bent (弯腰) down and carefully picked a few. When I put one in my mouth, it was juicy and delicious! After picking strawberries, we helped Mr. Wang feed the sheep. The little sheep were very cute. They came close to us and ate the grass from our hands gently. Some of my classmates even took photos with them. Later, we had a picnic under a big tree. We shared the food we brought and talked about what we did that morning. Everyone laughed and had a great time. When it was time to leave, I felt a little sad. The trip was so fun that I didn’t want to go back. This school trip was unforgettable. It not only let me know how farmers work but also made me enjoy the beauty of nature. I hope we can have more trips like this in the future. 1.Why did the students feel excited about the trip? A. They liked taking buses. B. They wanted to meet Mr. Wang. C. They planned to buy strawberries. D. They hardly had chances to go out of the city. 2.What did the students do after feeding the sheep? A. They took photos with the cows. B. They had a picnic under a big tree. C. They picked strawberries with Mr. Wang. D. They followed Mr. Wang to visit the farm. 3.What can we know about the writer from the passage? A. He is good at feeding small animals. B. He learned a lot from the school trip. C. He didn’t like the strawberries on the farm. D. He often goes to the countryside with his family. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Beauty of Nature B. What We Did on the Farm C. An Unforgettable School Trip to a Farm D. Picking Strawberries and Feeding Sheep 主题语境05 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 （25-26八上·辽宁大连第七十九中学教育集团·期中）I am an English teacher. I really don’t like that class “Talk about your family”. The students say, “There are five people in my family. My mother, my father ...” It sounds like that all families are the same. Our families are one and only. All have their stories, jokes and so on. They’re the place where our personalities were made. We know our families so well that we even think they’re boring. Not at all. Families are the most special things. If you dig enough into your own, you will get everything for a great book. My mother started making our family tree years ago, not expecting to get far. However, reading the old records and visiting libraries, she got back 300 years. She found some old stories. What happened to the big family farm? Where did the family fortune (财富) go in the 1870s? I’m the traveler in my family, and I love travelling. I always think I got it from a great-grandfather. My two favorite family heirlooms (传家宝) are a photo of him on a horse and a postcard from China. If you look at your family, you open a window to the past. When my mother, still putting the family tree together, asked me for a few names from my Russian wife’s family, my wife got on the phone to check a name or two. But she spent an hour talking with her mother. So you can see that some people start talking about their family stories and they might never stop exploring. To go back to that English class, let’s look at some interesting ways to talk about families. English is rich in idioms (习语) to talk about family life. The black sheep of the family is someone who brings family trouble. If you’re true to your family, you can say “blood is thicker than water”. “Who wears the trousers in your family?” means “Who’s the head of your family?”. And stories behind them are what I want to hear. 1.What does the writer think of the class “Talk about your family” at first? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Special. D. Useful. 2.What does “it” refer to in paragraph 5? A. His family tree. B. His family heirlooms. C. His love for travelling. D. His family stories. 3.What can we learn from the passage? A. The writer doesn’t really like his teaching job in Russia. B. The writer wants to make a great book for his family. C. The writer’s mother visited libraries to get the family heirlooms. D. The writer’s wife is very interested in the family stories. 4.Amy decides almost everything in the family, so which of the following can describe her? A. She is the dark horse of the family. B. She is the black sheep of the family C. She wears the trousers in the family. D. Her blood is thicker than water. 主题语境06 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳南昌中学·期中）When I was in Grade Eight, our physics (物理) teacher gave us a challenge to make a paper plane of any shape. The only goal was to get it to fly as far as possible. I had a lot of skills in making paper planes, so I made the best plane I could, and it flew pretty far. One boy called Eric made the simplest paper plane. He stood there at the starting line with a normal piece of paper. A minute later, he took the flat piece of paper, made it into a ball, and threw it down the hallway (走廊). We were so surprised at what he did. We never expected things to happen like that. He beat all of us easily. Some of the students got angry and Mary even said that he cheated (作弊). The physics teacher said, “How so? He doesn’t do anything wrong because a paper ball is indeed (确实) a shape. I like his idea.” Yes, Eric didn’t cheat. He just finished the task in a different way. In our life, what we have learned turns into our experience. We do everything according to it. However, our experience gets in the way of our development sometimes. It stops us from coming up with new ideas and is bad for our creativity. So it is really necessary for us to learn to think outside of the “box”. Then we may think of more and easier ways so that we can have a better result. Just like Eric in the story, we should think creatively. 1.What’s the challenge in physics class? A. Have a final physics test. B. Give a report about paper planes. C. Make a paper plane of any shape. D. Learn skills in making paper planes. 2.What did the teacher think of Eric? A. Helpful. B. Dishonest. C. Lazy. D. Creative. 3.What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Physical knowledge. B. Our experience. C. Our development. D. Useful skills. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. The meaning of life. B. The ways of thinking. C. The advantages of experience. D. The importance of challenge. 主题语境07 人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 （25-26八上·辽宁朝阳第一中学联盟校-10月·期中）Xue Wei, a 21-year-old boy, studies at Huanggang Normal University in Huanggang City, Hubei Province. At first, his plan for the May Day holiday of 2024 was to stay in school to catch up on papers. But he got into some difficulties. He felt unhappy and missed his family, so he decided to go home. He spent 36 yuan buying a ticket. On the early morning of May 1st, he got on the green train. After nearly nine hours, he finally went back to his home in Fang County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. Xue’s family needs to burn firewood to cook and for warmth in winter. To get enough firewood for his family to use, Xue and his father went to the mountains to look for wood on 2 May. Because some workers just built a reservoir (水库) near his house, there was a lot of wood left there. Xue and his father carried the wood home. In the following three days, they first sawed the wood into pieces and then chopped them with an axe (斧子). Finally, they put the wood next to the back wall in the yard. “In fact, the most tiring part is not chopping wood, but carrying wood home, because it is wet and heavy,” Xue said. In the end, Xue and his father chopped about 900 kilograms of firewood. Xue recorded the moment when he and his father were working. Then he shared the short videos online and they became popular. Many people said, “This is the true meaning of Labor Day.” As for Xue, he was happy to do something to help his family during the holiday. 1.Why did Xue decide to go back home? A. He needed his parents’ help with his papers. B. He was not happy and wanted to see his family. C. His father called him and asked him to go back. D. He couldn’t stay in school during the holiday. 2.How long did Xue spend getting home from Huanggang? A. An hour and a half. B. A whole afternoon. C. About a whole day. D. Almost nine hours. 3.What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. A reservoir was built near Xue’s home. B. Xue collected wood by himself. C. It was hard to find wood for firewood. D. Xue’s father makes a living by cutting wood. 4.Which of the following can best describe Xue? A. Friendly but shy. B. Clever but lazy. C. Funny and smart. D. Hard-working and helpful. Passage 2 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳第一三四中学·期中）Last Sunday was cold. I walked into the kitchen and saw mum standing there. “I have a fever,” she said. Dad was away on business, so I held her hand. “Don’t worry! I’ll deal with everything today!” First, I cut the pumpkin (南瓜) and put it in a pot with rice to make mum’s favourite pumpkin porridge. When it was ready, I took it to my mum. “It tastes like love,” mum said. My face felt warm. After breakfast, I found the living room was messy—toys everywhere, dad’s newspapers on the sofa and rubbish under the table. I put toys in a basket and started to mop (拖) the floor. My arms were tired, but I danced to my song, moving the mop back and forth. By noon, my legs were heavy, but the house smelled nice, and sunlight filled tidy rooms. I washed the breakfast dishes, singing happily. A plate slipped (滑落). But I caught it, thinking,“Mum never drops dishes, so I won’t either. ” Dad came home in the evening. He praised me “Our little superhero”. Mum, sitting up, touched my red face. “You really did a great job.” That night, as I set the table, I realized housework isn’t just housework. It holds our family close. Every tidy table, clean floor and warm bowl of porridge says, “I love you.” That’s the best work of all. 1.What made the writer decide to deal with everything last Sunday? A. Mum’s fever. B. Dad’s requirement. C. His duty in housework. D. A surprise for parents. 2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The pot. B. The rice. C. The pumpkin. D. The porridge. 3.What is the correct order of the writer’s actions? ①He mopped the floor. ②He put the toys into a basket. ③He cooked pumpkin porridge. ④He washed the breakfast dishes. A. ②→④→③→① B. ②→③→④→① C. ③→②→①→④ D. ④→②→①→③ 4.What does the writer mean at the end of the text? A. Doing housework shows love. B. Doing housework helps kids grow. C. Doing housework is tiring and boring. D. Doing housework shows one’s ability. 主题语境08 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·辽宁盘锦新兴中学、育才学校·期中）We all know that specially trained dogs can be humans’ helpers. But do you know other animals can also be helpful to people sometimes? On February 4, 2025, a white horse got popular on the Internet. It was at about 13:50. A man fell into the Hanjiang in Xiantao (a city in Hubei) by accident. Up and down, he struggled (挣扎) in the cold river. His daughter, who was not able to swim either, jumped into the river to save her father. But she was also stuck in the river. Just at this moment, a man called Yi Libai riding a white horse came over quickly. The man flicked the reins (抖动缰绳) and the horse jumped into the river and swam to the man and his daughter quickly. Soon, they pulled the man and his daughter to safety with another two men. When asked what made him jump into the river, Yi said to the reporter, “I didn’t think about anything else. I just wanted to save lives.” He explained that horses could swim faster than humans and his horse was very clever, and it could understand what he wanted to do. Unluckily, the white horse got a high fever the next morning. A lot of animal doctors offered to help the white horse. But things got even worse in the next few days. It became blind and died on February 12th. The local government (当地政府) decided to build a statue (雕像) of a white horse along the the Hanjiang. “We want more people to remember the white horse for its brave (勇敢的) action of saving people,” said one of the officials. 1.What can we know from the second paragraph? A. Yi Libai is good at swimming. B. Yi Libai saved the man and his daughter alone. C. The man fell into the river when fishing. D. The father and the daughter can’t swim. 2.What does the underlined word “him” refer to (指的是)? A. Yi Libai. B. The reporter. C. The white horse. D. The man falling into the river. 3.Why did the local government decide to build a white horse statue? A. To thank Yi Libai. B. To make the river more beautiful. C. To remember the white horse. D. To ask people to protect animals. 4.What would be the best title for this passage? A. A brave white horse B. An accident along Hanjiang C. A statue of a white dog D. Yi Libai and his horse 主题语境01 人与社会-历史 （25-26八上·辽宁大连金普·期中）The Story of the General (将军) and the Minister (丞相) In ancient China, there were two important men in the country of Zhao: General Lian Po and Minister Lin Xiangru. Lian was a great fighter. He won many wars (战争) for Zhao and was known for his bravery. Lin was a very smart man. He always helped his king in a clever way. Once, he saved a treasure for Zhao, so the king gave him a higher position than the general’s. This made General Lian very angry. He complained (抱怨), “I risk my life every day! Why is his job better than mine?” He was so upset that whenever they met in the street, the general would glare at the minister. Lin heard this, but he did not get angry. He always stayed away from the general. He even chose different roads to avoid (避免) meeting him. His friends asked him, “Are you afraid of him?” Lin answered calmly, “I am not afraid of the general. But think about this—we fight, our country falls. Our country’s safety is more important than my personal feelings.” When General Lian heard these words, he felt deeply sorry. He realized how selfish he had been. He understood that Lin was truly thinking about their country’s future. To say sorry, he carried sticks on his back and walked to Lin’s house. Lin saw him and quickly helped remove the sticks. “Please, do not carry these.” he said kindly. “I forgive (原谅) you.” After that, they became good friends. They worked together to keep their country safe for many years. 1.General Lian was angry with Minister Lin because ________. A. Lin was a fighter B. Lin argued with him C. Lin got a higher position D. Lin took away his treasure 2.The word “glare” probably means to look at someone ________. A. with kindness and respect B. in a friendly way C. with anger and dislike D. in a sad way 3.Why did Lin avoid meeting Lian? A. Because the king told him to do so. B. Because he didn’t think Lian was important. C. Because he was afraid of Lian. D. Because he worried about his country’s safety. 4.What does the story mainly want to tell us? A. Only brave soldiers are true heroes. B. Personal feelings are important. C. Work hard and never give up. D. Teamwork and respect bring success. 主题语境02 人与社会-时代变迁 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳第七中学·期中）Last summer, 12-year-old Lila visited her grandpa’s old workshop. It had old tools, a small window that let in sunlight, and a wooden shelf with dusty jars of nails (钉子). There, under a loose (松动的) floorboard, she found a yellowed notebook with strange marks—“I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ” next to her grandpa’s tool list. “What do these mean?” Lila asked, holding the notebook up and leaning (凑近) closer to her grandpa. Grandpa smiled and sat her down on a wooden chair by the window. “Long ago, people didn’t use 1, 2, 3 like we do now. The Romans made those marks—they’re called Roman numerals. I learned them when I was 10, to count nails and wood for my dad’s small shop.” He pointed to the notebook: “‘V’ stands for 5, ‘X’ for 10. See? I wrote ‘XII’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers total.” Lila’s eyes lit up brightly. Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. “Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables. But they’re tricky—you can’t add or subtract (减) easily. Later, Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) came. They’re simpler, so everyone started using them more.” That day, Lila copied 10 Roman numerals in her notebook carefully. Now, whenever she sees “XII” on a clock, she thinks of grandpa’s story—and how numbers once changed to make life easier. 1.When did Lila’s grandpa learn Roman numerals? A. When he was 10 years old. B. When he started working in the workshop. C. When Lila visited him last summer. D. When he bought the 60-year-old ruler. 2.What does the underlined word “tricky” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Easy to learn. B. Difficult to use. C. Fun to practice. D. Important to remember. 3.What can we infer from the passage? A. Lila will stop using Arabic numerals after the visit. B. Roman numerals are no longer used in any way today. C. Lila’s grandpa used Roman numerals in his work before. D. Arabic numerals were invented by Lila’s grandpa’s dad. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. How Lila helped her grandpa clean the old workshop. B. How Lila learned about Roman numerals from her grandpa. C. Why Arabic numerals are used in modern clocks. D. Why Lila’s grandpa liked collecting old notebooks. 主题语境03 人与社会-著名人物 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳第七中学·期中）Chen-Ning Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. His life is about both amazing science discoveries and deep love for his homeland. Yang was born in Anhui, China in 1922. He grew up in Tsinghua Garden. At 12, after reading a book about the universe, he told his parents, “I will win the Nobel Prize one day!” In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee came up with a new idea about particle (粒子) physics. Their idea was proved right, and in 1957, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese to get this honor. Yang’s most important work is the Yang-Mills gauge Theory, created with Robert Mills in 1954. This theory helped build the base for the Standard Model in particle physics, explaining how basic particles interact. It is as important as Einstein’s and Maxwell’s theories in physics history. Though Yang worked abroad for years, he never forgot China. In 1971, he was the first famous Chinese scientist to visit China, starting a wave of overseas scholars’ visits. He advised the Chinese government on science research and helped Chinese students study abroad. In his later years, he lived at Tsinghua University and named his home “Gui Gen Ju” (Home of Returning Roots), showing his love for China. Yang said, “I’m proud of being Chinese and honored to work for modern science.” His story tells us that great people care about both science and their homeland. 1.At what age did Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A. 35 B. 42 C. 50 D. 55 2.Why did Yang name his home “Gui Gen Ju”? A. To show he loved Tsinghua Garden. B. To show he loved China deeply. C. To remember his childhood. D. To follow his parents’ wishes. 3.Which of the following is TRUE about Yang? A. He never worked with other scientists. B. He was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize. C. He helped connect China and the West in science. D. He started to study physics when he was in college. 4.What can we learn from Yang’s story? A. All childhood dreams can come true. B. Great scientists care about both science and their home country. C. Basic science is more important than other sciences. D. It’s easy to make big discoveries if people work together. 主题语境04 人与自我-守则与制度 （25-26八上·辽宁大连高新园·期中）Mr Wang always tells us to keep our eyes on our own paper. It is a simple rule, but it’s not a rule everybody chooses to follow. This morning, I had an experience with a “rule breaker” during an English exam. I felt somebody was watching me a little too closely. I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat right behind me. My eyes caught his and he said in a low voice, “I hope you studied for this test!” I gave him a smile, not sure whether he was joking or not, and returned to my test. This time I leaned (倾身) a little more closely towards my paper. “I can’t see!” James said. “What am I going to do?” I thought to myself. Cheating (作弊) was against my beliefs. I put my arm on my answers. “He’s your friend, and what are friends for?” “You know it’s wrong.” I tapped (轻敲,轻拍) the top of my desk, hoping for an easy way out of this matter. No easy answer came. I just knew I had to do what I felt was right, even if it made James mad. So I guarded my paper so that he couldn’t see my answers. When the exam ended, I stood there for a moment, searching for the right words to say to James. “Sorry, James, but you know me well enough to understand how I feel about cheating,” I said slowly and softly. “But maybe I could help you study before the next test.” “OK, Brian,” he smiled. “It might not be easy, but I’ll give it a try.” I felt happy that my friendship with James hadn’t been destroyed (破坏). Mr. Wang would be proud. 1.Who was the “rule breaker” according to the passage? A. Mr Wang. B. James. C. Brian. D. A boy on the left. 2.The writer leaned a little more closely towards his paper to ________. A. have a little rest B. let his classmate cheat C. protect his answers on the paper D. see the exam paper more clearly 3.Who said the two underlined sentences and in what way? A. Brian and James, to each other. B. James, in a low voice. C. Mr Wang, slowly and softly. D. Brian, silently in his mind. 4.The writer thought Mr Wang would be proud because ________ A. he and James helped each other in the exam. B. both he and James did very well in the exam. C. he didn’t let James copy his answers in the exam. D. he acted in a right way and kept friendship with James. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 Passage 1 （25-26八上·辽宁东港市·期中）I’m a foreign student in Beijing University. I am learning the Chinese Language (语言) When I was young, I found a book named Journey to the West. The story was so fascinating that I decided to come to China after I finished high school. But my parents couldn’t understand why I would like to come here. Last year, I invited my parents to travel in China. We started our journey from Beijing where I studied. We went to the Palace Museum and Tian’anmen Square, feeling the rich history of China. Beijing is a modern city, yet it still has its ancient beauty. After that, we flew to Chengdu. We saw cute giant pandas and even had the chance to feed them with bamboo. We also tried the delicious and spicy Sichuan hot pot. I had never tried it before and it was such a special experience. Finally, we took the high-speed train to Hunan. The train ride was smooth, quiet and fast. Both my parents and I enjoyed the ride very much. On the way to the airport, my mother left her passport on the subway. Thankfully, the subway workers were very friendly and quickly found the lost passport. They even sent it to the airport for us. When it came time for our tearful goodbye, my parents said to me, “Now we understand your choice, and we also like China.” 1.The writer decided to come to China after high school because of ________. A. a story B. his parents C. a trip D. Chinese Language 2.What does the underlined word “it” probably refer to (指代)? A. Feeding pandas. B. Flying to Chengdu. C. Going to Beijing. D. Eating Sichuan hot pot. 3.Which is the right order of the writer’s activities? ① took a trip to Chengdu. ② went to Hunan by train. ③ said goodbye in the airport. ④ visited the Palace Museum. A. ④①②③ B. ④②①③ C. ②④①③ D. ①④③② 4.Which may be the best title of the text? A. My Life in China B. My Family’s Journey in China C. My Study in China D. My Family’s Difficulty in China 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了作者作为北大的外国留学生，因小时候被《西游记》的故事吸引来到中国，父母起初不理解；去年作者邀请父母来中国旅行，一家人先后游览北京、成都、湖南，体验了中国的历史、美食与交通，父母也在旅行中理解了作者的选择，认可了中国。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The story was so fascinating that I decided to come to China after I finished high school.”可知，作者小时候看到《西游记》的故事，被其吸引决定高中后来中国。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“We also tried the delicious and spicy Sichuan hot pot. I had never tried it before and it was such a special experience.”可知，我们还品尝了美味又辛辣的四川火锅。我以前从未吃过，这真是一次特别的经历，因此此处it指代四川火锅。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“We went to the Palace Museum and Tian’anmen Square...After that, we flew to Chengdu...Finally, we took the high-speed train to Hunan...When it came time for our tearful goodbye”可知，作者活动的顺序为，参观故宫，在成都旅行，坐火车去湖南，机场道别，对应④①②③。故选A。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据文章可知，全文核心内容是作者邀请父母来中国旅行，先后去了北京、成都、湖南，最终父母理解了作者来中国的选择，因此文章标题应为My Family’s Journey in China。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·辽宁盘锦新兴中学、育才学校·期中）Thanks to China’s 144-hour visa-free transit policy (过境免签政策), 34-year-old Julia went back to Guangzhou again. She visited Guangzhou 10 years ago. From December 5th to 17th, 2024, Julia traveled from Russia to Asia to spend the winter holiday. Her first stop was Guangzhou. After Julia and her friends arrived in Guangzhou, they had their first surprise: the Guangzhou subway app. ________ She had to look at maps to find out her way. “The app is really helpful. It’s so easy to travel by subway here,” said Julia. “We don’t need to worry about getting lost. There are always friendly workers ready to help, though they don’t speak much English.” When Julia walked on Shangxiajiu Street at night, she was surprised because everything there was up-to-date. “I feel like being in the future. We can see all the high buildings and electric (电动的) cars everywhere,” she said. Ten years ago, there were much fewer high buildings or cars on the road. “I feel very safe, though it is late at night,” said Julia. “It was wonderful to go out at night!” So she spent lots of time trying different kinds of night market food. How delicious! Julia had great fun in Guangzhou. Now she is planning her next trip to visit other Chinese cities. “I’ll get to experience more of this beautiful country soon!” 1.How old was Julia when she first visited Guangzhou? A. 34 years old. B. 24 years old. C. 14 years old. D. 10 years old. 2.Which of the following can be put in “__________” in Paragraph 2? A. Last time, she visited Guangzhou and used the app happily. B. The last time she visited Guangzhou, there was no such app. C. Though she first visited Guangzhou, she knew how to use the app. D. She first visited Guangzhou and the police helped her use the app. 3.What does the underlined word up-to-date mean? A. Slow. B. Free. C. Modern. D. Strange. 4.What can we know about Julia from the last paragraph? A. She enjoyed her days in Guangzhou. B. She wants to travel to more countries. C. She lived in many Chinese cities before the trip. D. She likes other Chinese cities better than Guangzhou. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过俄罗斯游客Julia凭借144小时过境免签政策重访广州的经历，展现了中国城市的现代化发展、便利的公共服务以及安全的夜间环境，并表达了Julia对中国之行的喜爱和对探索更多中国城市的期待。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“34-year-old Julia went back to Guangzhou again. She visited Guangzhou 10 years ago.”可知，34岁的Julia首次访问广州时是10年前，即24岁。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。 根据“After Julia and her friends arrived in Guangzhou, they had their first surprise: the Guangzhou subway app.…She had to look at maps to find out her way.”结合她十年前访问过广州的背景可知，空格后的“看地图”与现在的“地铁App”形成今昔对比，应填入描述过去没有此应用、导致不便的句子。B选项“她上次访问广州时，还没有这样的应用”最符合逻辑，解释了为何现在看到这个App是惊喜，以及过去为何需要看地图。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“I feel like being in the future. We can see all the high buildings and electric cars everywhere.”可知，上下九步行街给她的感觉是“未来感”和“高科技”，这与“现代、时髦”的含义相符。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Julia had great fun in Guangzhou. Now she is planning her next trip to visit other Chinese cities.”可知，她在广州的时光是“非常开心”的，并且这种积极的体验激发了她探索中国其他城市的愿望，但并未表明她更喜欢其他城市或曾在中国居住。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳175中学教育集团·期中）One day, a girl walked into her class teacher Ms Gao’s office. After a while of silence (沉默), she said, “Ms Gao, I don’t plan to continue with this class.” The teacher was surprised for a moment and asked in wonder, “Why? Can you tell me the reason?” The girl breathed heavily and said, “I always get distracted in class. Sometimes I can’t help thinking about other things, and sometimes, I focus too much on what others are doing. It’s hard for me to keep my eyes on the lesson.” The teacher listened quietly. After a moment of thinking, she handed her a glass of water and said, “Please take this glass of water and walk around the classroom twice. But make sure no water runs out.” The girl carefully took the glass and walked around the classroom twice. Finally, she returned to the teacher and said, “I did it.” The teacher smiled and asked, “Did you find anything unusual while you were walking? For example, did you think about other things, and did you notice what others were doing?” The girl was a bit surprised and replied, “No, I was just paying attention to the glass of water, making sure no water ran out.” The teacher nodded (点头), speaking in a soft voice, “When you walk into the classroom, you should focus on your studies just like you kept your eyes on the glass. In this way, no matter what happens around you, you will keep focusing, and even the bad actions of others won’t trouble you. Focus on your dreams and move forward so that you won’t easily get lost from your way.” 1.Why did the girl want to leave the class? A. Because she was bored with the class. B. Because she couldn’t focus on the lesson. C. Because she thought the class was hard. D. Because she didn’t like the classmates. 2.What do the underlined words “get distracted” in the first paragraph most probably mean in Chinese? A. 分心 B. 抱怨 C. 放松 D. 沉浸 3.What did the teacher ask the girl to do? A. To clean the classroom. B. To answer some questions. C. To take a glass of water and walk around the classroom. D. To talk to those classmates with bad actions. 4.What will the girl probably do next? A. She’ll give up her studies. B. She’ll keep thinking about leaving. C. She’ll talk with classmates about the problem. D. She’ll try to focus like what the teacher said. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文讲述了一名女孩因上课无法专注想退学，高老师通过让她端水绕教室行走的实验，引导她学会专注的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“‘I always get distracted in class. Sometimes I can’t help thinking about other things, and sometimes, I focus too much on what others are doing. It’s hard for me to keep my eyes on the lesson.’”可知，她想离开班级是因为在课堂上无法集中注意力，老是分心。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“‘Sometimes I can’t help thinking about other things, and sometimes, I focus too much on what others are doing. It’s hard for me to keep my eyes on the lesson.’”可知，女孩会忍不住想其他事，太关注别人在做什么，难以专注于课程，由此可推知，get distracted的意思是“分心”。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“‘Please take this glass of water and walk around the classroom twice. But make sure no water runs out.’”可知，老师让女孩拿着一杯水绕教室走两圈，确保水不洒出来。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Focus on your dreams and move forward so that you won’t easily get lost from your way.”并结合上文内容可知，老师通过让女孩拿杯子绕教室走两圈的实验向女孩解释了专注的重要性以及如何专注，所以女孩接下来可能会按照老师说的试着去专注。故选D。 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳南昌中学·期中）Chen Yuxuan, a 16-year-old student from Shenzhen Middle School, has won the top prize at the International Youth Science Competition for his invention “Smart Plant Box”. His device (装置) helps plants grow better in cities using solar power and AI technology. Chen’s invention can automatically (自动地) offer water and nutrients (营养物) to plants based on their needs. It uses sensors (传感器) to check soil conditions and a small computer to analyze (分析) the data. The box costs about 500 yuan to make but can increase plant growth by 40%. “I want to help make cities greener,” Chen said. “Many people live in apartments without gardens, but everyone can grow plants with this box.” The young inventor spent two years developing his project. He failed over 20 times before succeeding. His science teacher, Mr. Zhang, said: “Chen doesn’t stop easily when facing problems. He always tries again and often works in the lab until very late to make his invention better.” Besides, Chen’s parents supported his research by turning their balcony (阳台) into a testing area. Over 1,000 students from 50 countries joined the competition. It even won international attention. The judges (裁判员) praised Chen’s invention, “It can be widely used in daily life and it is environmentally friendly.” Shenzhen Government has promised to support more young inventors like Chen. Chen plans to improve his invention and hopes to study environmental science at university. “I believe technology can help solve environmental problems,” he told reporters. 1.How does Chen Yuxuan’s invention help plants grow? A. By making them get more sunlight. B. By providing what they need. C. By moving them to better soil. D. By protecting them from insects. 2.What makes Chen successful most? A. His spirit of never giving up. B. His maths teacher’s help. C. His family’s money support. D. The government’s effort. 3.Why did the judges like Chen’s invention? A. It was cheap and easy to make. B. It used the latest technology. C. It was practical and green. D. It won international attention. 4.What does Chen plan to do next? A. Start a company to sell his invention. B. Help his teacher with other projects. C. Teach other students how to invent things. D. Make his invention better and study science. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了深圳中学16岁学生陈宇轩发明“智能植物箱”并在国际青年科学竞赛中获得最高奖项的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Chen’s invention can automatically (自动地) offer water and nutrients (营养物) to plants based on their needs.”可知，这项发明通过满足植物需求来帮助其生长。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“Chen doesn’t stop easily when facing problems...often works in the lab until very late...”可推知，陈宇轩的成功主要源于永不放弃的精神。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“It can be widely used in daily life and it is environmentally friendly.”可知，评委们喜欢陈宇轩的发明，因其兼具实用性和环保性。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Chen plans to improve his invention and hopes to study environmental science at university.”可知，陈宇轩的下一步计划包括改进发明和进入大学学习环境科学。故选D。 主题语境04 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·辽宁大连金普·期中）I bumped into (撞上) a stranger as he walked by me. “Oh, excuse me!” I said. He replied with a smile and said, “Please excuse me too. I wasn’t watching out for you.” We apologized (道歉) and went our own ways. Later that day, when I was cooking, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over (撞倒). “Move out of the way!” I shouted. She walked away sadly. But I didn’t feel like I had to apologize to her. While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, “While dealing with a stranger you were polite, but with a daughter you love, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You’ll find them in the kitchen by the door. Have you seen the tears in her eyes?” I quietly went and knelt down (跪下) by my daughter’s bed. “Honey, I am so sorry.” I said. “Are these the flowers you picked for me?” She said, “I found them by the tree. I picked them because they’re pretty like you. I knew you’d like them, especially the blue ones.” I tearfully replied, “Sweetie, I’m really sorry for the way I acted today. I shouldn’t have shouted at you.” “It’s okay. I love you anyway.” She said as she kissed me on my cheek. If we can be polite to strangers, why can’t we do the same for the ones we love? 1.What did the writer do after nearly knocking her daughter over? A. She said “excuse me” politely. B. She shouted at her angrily. C. She bought her new flowers. D. She asked her husband for help. 2.What did the daughter do after being shouted at? A. She felt angry and shouted back. B. She felt sad but still showed love. C. She felt nothing and forgot quickly. D. She felt happy and went out to play. 3.What lesson did the writer learn that day? A. To be careful while cooking. B. To accept her child’s gift happily. C. To be polite and kind to the family. D. To accept her husband’s advice. 4.What is the best title for the story? A. Saying Sorry to a Stranger B. A Sad Day for a Daughter C. Be Kind to Loved Ones D. The Importance of Flowers 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要通过作者的亲身经历，对陌生人礼貌道歉，却因差点撞倒女儿而发脾气，经丈夫提醒后反思并向女儿道歉，揭示了一个深刻道理：我们常常对陌生人保持礼貌和包容，却容易忽略对身边至亲的温柔与友善。真正的善意不仅要给予陌生人，更要留给我们爱的人，要以礼貌和耐心对待家人，珍惜与他们的情感。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. ‘Move out of the way!’ I shouted.”可知，在差点撞倒女儿后，作者对女儿大喊。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“She walked away sadly.”可知，女儿很难过；根据“‘It’s okay. I love you anyway.’ She said as she kissed me on my cheek.”可知，女儿对母亲表达爱意。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“If we can be polite to strangers, why can’t we do the same for the ones we love?”可知，如果我们能对陌生人礼貌，为什么不能对爱的人也这样。故选C。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据文章可知，文章主要通过介绍作者对陌生人礼貌道歉，却因差点撞倒女儿而发脾气的经历，告诉我们真正的善意不仅要给予陌生人，更要留给我们爱的人，要以礼貌和耐心对待家人，珍惜与他们的情感，因此文章标题应为对爱的人友善。故选C。 主题语境05 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 I LOVE CHINESE! David Brown is a 15-year-old boy from the UK. This summer he is studying Chinese in a summer camp in Gansu Province. This is what he told our interviewer. What do you think of Gansu? Well, I think it’s fantastic. Summer is the best season to visit Gansu. I enjoy the pleasant weather a lot. Gansu also has many pretty sights with a long history. Where are you staying in Gansu? I’m staying with some very nice families in different cities in Gansu. That’s quite helpful for learning Chinese and experiencing the life and culture here. That’s why I’ve chosen the homestay. Is there anything else you especially like about it? Yes, the friendly people and delicious food. When we were in Tianshui City 3 days ago, we tried malatang, a traditional spicy hot pot dish. I like it a lot. Beef noodles and niangpizi are also my favourites. I haven’t tried huidouzi. But it seems very tasty. Do you like learning Chinese? I enjoy learning Chinese because it’s interesting and has a rich history. Chinese characters are beautiful, and the language offers many chances. Being able to speak Chinese will be very helpful in the future. I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up. 1.What does David Brown do? A. He is a Chinese teacher. B. He is a tour guide. C. He is an English student. D. He is an American teenager. 2.What food hasn’t David Brown tried in Gansu? A. Beef noodles. B. Malatang. C. Niangpizi. D. Huidouzi. 3.Why is David Brown staying with the local families? A. Because he has no other choices. B. Because his parents ask him to do so. C. Because it’s helpful for language learning. D. Because it’s cheaper than staying in hotels. 4.What makes David Brown want to be a Chinese teacher? A. The enjoyment Chinese food brings. B. Chinese people he met. C. What the interviewer told him. D. Many chances the language will bring. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了英国15岁男孩David Brown在甘肃参加汉语夏令营的经历。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“David Brown is a 15-year-old boy from the UK. This summer he is studying Chinese in a summer camp in Gansu Province.”可知，David是一名来自英国的15岁学生，正在甘肃学习汉语。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“I haven’t tried huidouzi.”可知，David没有尝试灰豆子。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“That’s quite helpful for learning Chinese and experiencing the life and culture here.”可知，寄宿家庭对于学习中文以及体验这里的生活和文化非常有帮助。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Chinese characters are beautiful, and the language offers many chances. Being able to speak Chinese will be very helpful in the future.”可知，David想成为汉语教师的原因是汉语能带来许多机会。故选D。 主题语境01 人与社会-时代变迁 Passage 1 （25-26八上·辽宁本溪-11月·期中）In September, Chengdu No.1 Middle School in Sichuan held a special activity. Teachers asked students to share the stories of their family heirlooms (传家宝). Over 300 students took part in it, bringing their heirlooms to school and telling the stories behind them. One of the students,14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player. His grandmother bought the player in the 1980s to listen to the news. Later, his mother used it to play music tapes. When Song was younger, his mother would often play old poems for him on the player. “Today, we have many new advanced music players. But we still keep it because it holds beautiful memories of my family,” Song said. Another student, Xiao Yao, also 14, won first prize in the activity. Her heirlooms were some food coupons (粮票) from her grandmother. These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon. Xiao was amazed when her grandmother told her stories about this difficult time. “My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future,” Xiao explained. The heirloom stories shared by the students reflect the rich history and beautiful memories of their families. These items connect them to the past and remind them of the hardships their ancestors faced. Through these stories, we hope the students will carry on good family traditions, appreciate (欣赏) their family history, and continue to work hard for their future. By remembering the past, they can help build a better tomorrow for themselves, their families, and the country. 1.What does the underlined word “scarce” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Expensive. B. Traditional. C. Not enough. D. Not difficult to get. 2.According to Xiao Yao, what is her grandmother’s hope for her? A. To study the history of food shortages in China. B. To share her heirloom stories with others at school. C. To keep the food coupons safe for future generations. D. To be thankful and work hard for the future. 3.What is the structure of the article? A. B. C. D. 4.What can be the best title for the passage? A. A School Activity B. Family Heirlooms and Their Stories C. Expensive Family Heirlooms D. Better Country, Better Tomorrow 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了四川成都第一中学举办分享传家宝故事的活动，介绍了学生宋正辰分享的卡式录音机以及肖瑶分享的粮票等传家宝故事，还阐述了这些传家宝故事的意义。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon.”可知，过去家庭每月只能买有限数量的食物，甚至大米都需要粮票，说明食物是不够的，所以“scarce”的意思是“不够的”，与Not enough“不足”意思一样。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future”可知，肖瑶的祖母希望她对现在拥有的心怀感恩，为美好的未来努力工作。故选D。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段讲四川成都第一中学举办分享传家宝故事的活动，很多学生参与；第二段讲学生宋正辰分享他家的传家宝——卡式录音机；第三段讲学生肖瑶分享她家的传家宝——粮票；第四段讲这些传家宝故事的意义。所以，本文的结构是“总分总”结构。故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了学校举办的分享传家宝故事的活动以及传家宝背后的故事。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·辽宁阜新实验中学·期中）One day, I arrived home with tears in my eyes. My grandmother asked me what happened. I told her that I was picked on (欺负) at school. A girl kept saying terrible things to me. My grandmother looked at me with her loving eyes and said to me, “Do you know that you have two magic pockets (口袋). One has a hole while the other doesn’t. When someone says something good, put it in the pocket that is sealed. Save it. When you go to bed, take it out and enjoy it.” “But how about the other pocket, Grandma?” I asked. She smiled at me and said, “If somebody says something bad to you, put it in the pocket with a hole. Let it go quickly. The hole is for all the problems that you don’t want.” I was really surprised and attracted (吸引) by the two magic pockets and I did what my grandma said. After that, I became different from before. In the past, I kept bad words or things in mind. But after my grandma told me about the two pockets, I knew how to work out my problems. Now my classmates often say that I am happy boy now. 1.Why did the writer arrive home with tears in his eyes? A. Because he fought with his friends. B. Because he was picked on. C. Because he did badly in the test. D. Because he had few friends. 2.The underlined word “sealed” in the paragraph 2 probably means“_________”. A. closed B. filled C. clean D. large 3.How did the writer’s feelings change in the story? A. relaxed-glad-worried B. sad-amazed-glad C. sad-glad-worried D. amazed-sad-glad 4.The writer tells this story to _________. A. teach us to accept the bad sides of life B. ask us to be friendly with classmates C. advise us to remember the love of family D. tell us to ask our family for help 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文讲述了作者在学校被人欺负的一次经历，在奶奶的开导下，作者学会了接受生命中一些不好的事情。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“I told her that I was picked on (欺负) at school.”可知是因为自己被欺负了。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词义猜测题。根据“When someone says something good, put it in the pocket that is sealed. Save it.”可知后文提到了保留它，因此划线词是“封住”口袋之意。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“One day, I arrived home with tears in my eyes.”可知作者先是伤心的；再根据“I was really surprised and attracted (吸引) by the two magic pockets and I did what my grandma said.”可知然后在奶奶的开导下变得惊讶；再结合“Now my classmates often say that I am happy boy now.”可知作者现在很快乐。因此B选项所述符合题意。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据奶奶说的“If somebody says something bad to you, put it in the pocket with a hole. Let it go quickly. The hole is for all the problems that you don’t want.”以及“But after my grandma told me about the two pockets, I knew how to work out my problems.”可知作者讲这个故事是为了教我们接受生活中不好的一面。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-节日 （25-26八上·辽宁朝阳第一中学联盟校-10月·期中）Mooncakes are a kind of special food of the Mid-Autumn Festival. They are in the shape of a full moon because people hope all their family can get together all the time. When I was a child, my family always got together in my grandparents’ home at the Mid-Autumn Festival. We sat around a big round table and made mooncakes by hand together. We followed my grandma’s ways of making mooncakes. And my grandpa told interesting stories to us. Everyone was tired but with a happy face. As I was older, my family and I moved to different cities. We were busy working and learning, so we seldom sat together and talked with each other. And it was different at the Mid-Autumn Festival. There were different kinds of beautiful and delicious mooncakes in the shops. However, my grandma still asked us to go back to make mooncakes together. She told us she liked doing that for it could let us get together and let us not forget those old hard days. We all know what a mooncake brings for us. It passes our love to our family and makes Chinese virtue (美德) be passed down for a long time. 1.Why are mooncakes in the shape of a full moon? A. Because people hope all their family can always get together. B. Because people hope all their family can get together at the Mid-Autumn Festival. C. Because people hope all their family can sometimes get together. D. Because people hope all their family can never get together. 2.Where did the writer’s family get together at the Mid-Autumn Festival? A. In his home. B. In his parents’ home. C. In his grandparents’ home. D. In his uncle’s home. 3.The underlined word “that” refers to (指的是) “________”. A. working and learning together B. sitting together C. talking together D. making mooncakes together 4.Why did the writer write this passage? A. To tell us to cherish (珍惜) the time with our family. B. To tell us mooncakes are a kind of special food for him. C. To tell us how they celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. D. To tell us we should make mooncakes together at the Mid-Autumn Festival. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对中秋节和家人一起制作月饼的美好回忆，以及月饼所承载的家庭团聚和传统美德的意义。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They are in the shape of a full moon because people hope all their family can get together all the time.”可知，月饼的形状象征家人永远团聚。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“my family always got together in my grandparents’ home at the Mid-Autumn Festival.”可知，作者的家庭在中秋节时在祖父母家团聚。故选C。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“However, my grandma still asked us to go back to make mooncakes together. She told us she liked doing that for it could let us get together and let us not forget those old hard days.”可知，祖母说制作月饼能让大家团聚，并让大家不忘过去的艰难岁月。“that”指代前文提到的“make mooncakes together”。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“It passes our love to our family and makes Chinese virtue (美德) be passed down for a long time.”可知，作者通过回忆家庭团聚和制作月饼的传统，呼吁读者珍惜与家人共度的时光。故选A。 主题语境03 人与社会-著名人物 （25-26八上·辽宁阜新实验中学·期中）Yang Zhenning is one of the most famous physicists in the world. He was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, China on September 22, 1922. Yang Zhenning showed great talent in science when he was young. He studied at Southwest Associated University (西南联大) in Kunming during the difficult times of war. After graduating, he got a chance to further his study in the United States. There, he worked hard and made great achievements in physics. One of his most important contributions (贡献) is the Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论). This theory has a great influence on modern physics. It helps scientists better understand the basic forces and particles (基本力与粒子) in the universe. Yang Zhenning’s work not only won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957 but also made him a respected scientist in the international scientific community. In his later years, Yang Zhenning returned to China. He hoped to contribute to the development of science and education in his motherland. He taught at Tsinghua University, bringing his rich knowledge and international vision (视野) to the young students. He also actively helped develop international scientific exchanges (交流), making China’s voice heard more clearly in the global scientific field. Yang Zhenning’s life is a great example of how one can achieve huge success through hard work and a love for science. His story encourages young people around the world to stick to their dreams in science. 1.When did Yang Zhenning win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A. In 1922. B. In 1957. C. In 2000. D. In 2022. 2.What is one of Yang Zhenning’s most important contributions (贡献)? A. The example of achieving success. B. The Yang-Mills theory. C. The discovery of a new planet. D. The invention of a new machine. 3.Why did Yang Zhenning return to China in his later years? A. Because he missed his family. B. Because he wanted to contribute to China’s development. C. Because he was tired of living abroad. D. Because he couldn’t find a job abroad. 4.What can we learn from Yang Zhenning’s story? A. We should study hard and stick to our dreams. B. We should only care about our own interests. C. We should give up easily when facing difficulties. D. We should not go abroad to study. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了物理学家杨振宁的生平、成就及贡献等相关信息。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Yang Zhenning’s work not only won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957”可知，杨振宁在1957年获得诺贝尔物理学奖，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“One of his most important contributions (贡献) is the Yang-Mills theory (杨-米尔斯理论).”可知，杨振宁最重要的贡献之一是杨-米尔斯理论，故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In his later years, Yang Zhenning returned to China. He hoped to contribute to the development of science and education in his motherland.”可知，杨振宁晚年回国是因为他想为中国的发展做贡献，故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“His story encourages young people around the world to stick to their dreams in science.”可知，我们从杨振宁的故事中可以学到应该努力学习并坚持自己的梦想，故选A。 主题语境04 人与自我-学校活动 （25-26八上·沈阳第一二六中学·限时作业）Last month, our class had a school trip to a small farm in the countryside. All of us were excited because we rarely (很少) went outside the city. Early in the morning, we took a bus to the farm. The air there was fresh, and we could see green fields everywhere. When we arrived, a farmer named Mr. Wang welcomed us warmly. He first showed us around the farm. We saw cows eating grass, chickens running around, and colorful vegetables growing in the garden. Then, Mr. Wang taught us how to pick strawberries. At first, I didn’t know which ones were ripe (成熟的). He told us to choose the big, red ones—they tasted the sweetest. I bent (弯腰) down and carefully picked a few. When I put one in my mouth, it was juicy and delicious! After picking strawberries, we helped Mr. Wang feed the sheep. The little sheep were very cute. They came close to us and ate the grass from our hands gently. Some of my classmates even took photos with them. Later, we had a picnic under a big tree. We shared the food we brought and talked about what we did that morning. Everyone laughed and had a great time. When it was time to leave, I felt a little sad. The trip was so fun that I didn’t want to go back. This school trip was unforgettable. It not only let me know how farmers work but also made me enjoy the beauty of nature. I hope we can have more trips like this in the future. 1.Why did the students feel excited about the trip? A. They liked taking buses. B. They wanted to meet Mr. Wang. C. They planned to buy strawberries. D. They hardly had chances to go out of the city. 2.What did the students do after feeding the sheep? A. They took photos with the cows. B. They had a picnic under a big tree. C. They picked strawberries with Mr. Wang. D. They followed Mr. Wang to visit the farm. 3.What can we know about the writer from the passage? A. He is good at feeding small animals. B. He learned a lot from the school trip. C. He didn’t like the strawberries on the farm. D. He often goes to the countryside with his family. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Beauty of Nature B. What We Did on the Farm C. An Unforgettable School Trip to a Farm D. Picking Strawberries and Feeding Sheep 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者班级到乡村小农场进行学校旅行的经历，包括参观农场、采摘草莓、喂羊、野餐等活动，作者从中感受到自然之美，了解了农民的工作，认为这次旅行令人难忘。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“All of us were excited because we rarely went outside the city.”可知，他们几乎没有机会出城，所以感觉很兴奋。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“After picking strawberries, we helped Mr. Wang feed the sheep.…Later, we had a picnic under a big tree.”可知，喂羊后他们在大树下野餐。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It not only let me know how farmers work but also made me enjoy the beauty of nature.”可知，作者从这次农场之旅中学到了很多。故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文整体描述了一次学校农场之旅的活动 (如摘草莓、喂羊、野餐)，并强调其难忘性；选项C“一次难忘的农场学校旅行”完整概括了事件和情感，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 主题语境05 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 （25-26八上·辽宁大连第七十九中学教育集团·期中）I am an English teacher. I really don’t like that class “Talk about your family”. The students say, “There are five people in my family. My mother, my father ...” It sounds like that all families are the same. Our families are one and only. All have their stories, jokes and so on. They’re the place where our personalities were made. We know our families so well that we even think they’re boring. Not at all. Families are the most special things. If you dig enough into your own, you will get everything for a great book. My mother started making our family tree years ago, not expecting to get far. However, reading the old records and visiting libraries, she got back 300 years. She found some old stories. What happened to the big family farm? Where did the family fortune (财富) go in the 1870s? I’m the traveler in my family, and I love travelling. I always think I got it from a great-grandfather. My two favorite family heirlooms (传家宝) are a photo of him on a horse and a postcard from China. If you look at your family, you open a window to the past. When my mother, still putting the family tree together, asked me for a few names from my Russian wife’s family, my wife got on the phone to check a name or two. But she spent an hour talking with her mother. So you can see that some people start talking about their family stories and they might never stop exploring. To go back to that English class, let’s look at some interesting ways to talk about families. English is rich in idioms (习语) to talk about family life. The black sheep of the family is someone who brings family trouble. If you’re true to your family, you can say “blood is thicker than water”. “Who wears the trousers in your family?” means “Who’s the head of your family?”. And stories behind them are what I want to hear. 1.What does the writer think of the class “Talk about your family” at first? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Special. D. Useful. 2.What does “it” refer to in paragraph 5? A. His family tree. B. His family heirlooms. C. His love for travelling. D. His family stories. 3.What can we learn from the passage? A. The writer doesn’t really like his teaching job in Russia. B. The writer wants to make a great book for his family. C. The writer’s mother visited libraries to get the family heirlooms. D. The writer’s wife is very interested in the family stories. 4.Amy decides almost everything in the family, so which of the following can describe her? A. She is the dark horse of the family. B. She is the black sheep of the family C. She wears the trousers in the family. D. Her blood is thicker than water. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文作者通过反思英语课堂中“谈论家庭”的单调表达方式，强调每个家庭的独特性，并分享了自己家族的历史故事和传家宝，最后提出用英语习语生动描述家庭关系的建议。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“I really don’t like that class ‘Talk about your family’.”可知，作者不喜欢“谈论你的家庭”的课，由此可知，作者应是觉得是无聊的。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“I’m the traveler in my family, and I love travelling. I always think I got it from a great-grandfather.”可知，作者是家中的旅行者，热爱旅行，认为这是从曾祖父那里继承的，故it指代作者对旅行的热爱。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“When my mother, still putting the family tree together, asked me for a few names from my Russian wife’s family, my wife got on the phone to check a name or two. But she spent an hour talking with her mother.”可知，作者母亲在整理家谱时，向作者要了妻子的家族成员的名字，妻子拿起电话核查了一两个名字，却花了一个小时和母亲聊天，由此可知，作者的妻子也对家庭故事很感兴趣。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“‘Who wears the trousers in your family?’ means ‘Who’s the head of your family?’”可知，Amy是家里的决策者，“She wears the trousers in the family.”符合对她的描述。故选C。 主题语境06 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳南昌中学·期中）When I was in Grade Eight, our physics (物理) teacher gave us a challenge to make a paper plane of any shape. The only goal was to get it to fly as far as possible. I had a lot of skills in making paper planes, so I made the best plane I could, and it flew pretty far. One boy called Eric made the simplest paper plane. He stood there at the starting line with a normal piece of paper. A minute later, he took the flat piece of paper, made it into a ball, and threw it down the hallway (走廊). We were so surprised at what he did. We never expected things to happen like that. He beat all of us easily. Some of the students got angry and Mary even said that he cheated (作弊). The physics teacher said, “How so? He doesn’t do anything wrong because a paper ball is indeed (确实) a shape. I like his idea.” Yes, Eric didn’t cheat. He just finished the task in a different way. In our life, what we have learned turns into our experience. We do everything according to it. However, our experience gets in the way of our development sometimes. It stops us from coming up with new ideas and is bad for our creativity. So it is really necessary for us to learn to think outside of the “box”. Then we may think of more and easier ways so that we can have a better result. Just like Eric in the story, we should think creatively. 1.What’s the challenge in physics class? A. Have a final physics test. B. Give a report about paper planes. C. Make a paper plane of any shape. D. Learn skills in making paper planes. 2.What did the teacher think of Eric? A. Helpful. B. Dishonest. C. Lazy. D. Creative. 3.What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Physical knowledge. B. Our experience. C. Our development. D. Useful skills. 4.What is the text mainly about? A. The meaning of life. B. The ways of thinking. C. The advantages of experience. D. The importance of challenge. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述八年级物理课上制作纸飞机的挑战中，Eric将纸揉成球获胜，老师认可其创意，文章借此说明我们应跳出思维定式，创造性思考的道理。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据首句“When I was in Grade Eight, our physics teacher gave us a challenge to make a paper plane of any shape.”可知，物理课的挑战是制作任意形状的纸飞机。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据老师的话“I like his idea.”以及后文“we should think creatively”可知，老师认为Eric有创造力。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据前文“our experience gets in the way of our development sometimes. It stops us from coming up with new ideas...”可知，“It”指代的是上文中的“our experience”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章通过Eric的故事，强调要跳出思维定式，创造性思考，核心是思考方式。故选B。 主题语境07 人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 （25-26八上·辽宁朝阳第一中学联盟校-10月·期中）Xue Wei, a 21-year-old boy, studies at Huanggang Normal University in Huanggang City, Hubei Province. At first, his plan for the May Day holiday of 2024 was to stay in school to catch up on papers. But he got into some difficulties. He felt unhappy and missed his family, so he decided to go home. He spent 36 yuan buying a ticket. On the early morning of May 1st, he got on the green train. After nearly nine hours, he finally went back to his home in Fang County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. Xue’s family needs to burn firewood to cook and for warmth in winter. To get enough firewood for his family to use, Xue and his father went to the mountains to look for wood on 2 May. Because some workers just built a reservoir (水库) near his house, there was a lot of wood left there. Xue and his father carried the wood home. In the following three days, they first sawed the wood into pieces and then chopped them with an axe (斧子). Finally, they put the wood next to the back wall in the yard. “In fact, the most tiring part is not chopping wood, but carrying wood home, because it is wet and heavy,” Xue said. In the end, Xue and his father chopped about 900 kilograms of firewood. Xue recorded the moment when he and his father were working. Then he shared the short videos online and they became popular. Many people said, “This is the true meaning of Labor Day.” As for Xue, he was happy to do something to help his family during the holiday. 1.Why did Xue decide to go back home? A. He needed his parents’ help with his papers. B. He was not happy and wanted to see his family. C. His father called him and asked him to go back. D. He couldn’t stay in school during the holiday. 2.How long did Xue spend getting home from Huanggang? A. An hour and a half. B. A whole afternoon. C. About a whole day. D. Almost nine hours. 3.What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. A reservoir was built near Xue’s home. B. Xue collected wood by himself. C. It was hard to find wood for firewood. D. Xue’s father makes a living by cutting wood. 4.Which of the following can best describe Xue? A. Friendly but shy. B. Clever but lazy. C. Funny and smart. D. Hard-working and helpful. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了21岁的薛炜在2024年五一假期期间从学校回家，与父亲一起砍柴并分享劳动过程的经历。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“He felt unhappy and missed his family, so he decided to go home.”可知，薛炜回家的原因是情绪低落且思念家人。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“After nearly nine hours, he finally went back to his home in Fang County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province.”可知，薛炜从黄冈到家的耗时约为9小时。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Because some workers just built a reservoir (水库) near his house, there was a lot of wood left there”可知，水库建在薛炜家附近。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。文章第四段描述薛炜和父亲辛苦搬运、劈柴，以及最后一段“he was happy to do something to help his family…”可推知，薛炜勤劳且乐于助人。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳第一三四中学·期中）Last Sunday was cold. I walked into the kitchen and saw mum standing there. “I have a fever,” she said. Dad was away on business, so I held her hand. “Don’t worry! I’ll deal with everything today!” First, I cut the pumpkin (南瓜) and put it in a pot with rice to make mum’s favourite pumpkin porridge. When it was ready, I took it to my mum. “It tastes like love,” mum said. My face felt warm. After breakfast, I found the living room was messy—toys everywhere, dad’s newspapers on the sofa and rubbish under the table. I put toys in a basket and started to mop (拖) the floor. My arms were tired, but I danced to my song, moving the mop back and forth. By noon, my legs were heavy, but the house smelled nice, and sunlight filled tidy rooms. I washed the breakfast dishes, singing happily. A plate slipped (滑落). But I caught it, thinking,“Mum never drops dishes, so I won’t either. ” Dad came home in the evening. He praised me “Our little superhero”. Mum, sitting up, touched my red face. “You really did a great job.” That night, as I set the table, I realized housework isn’t just housework. It holds our family close. Every tidy table, clean floor and warm bowl of porridge says, “I love you.” That’s the best work of all. 1.What made the writer decide to deal with everything last Sunday? A. Mum’s fever. B. Dad’s requirement. C. His duty in housework. D. A surprise for parents. 2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The pot. B. The rice. C. The pumpkin. D. The porridge. 3.What is the correct order of the writer’s actions? ①He mopped the floor. ②He put the toys into a basket. ③He cooked pumpkin porridge. ④He washed the breakfast dishes. A. ②→④→③→① B. ②→③→④→① C. ③→②→①→④ D. ④→②→①→③ 4.What does the writer mean at the end of the text? A. Doing housework shows love. B. Doing housework helps kids grow. C. Doing housework is tiring and boring. D. Doing housework shows one’s ability. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文讲述了作者在妈妈发烧、爸爸出差时，独自承担家务，最终领悟家务蕴含亲情的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“‘I have a fever,’ she said. Dad was away on business, so I held her hand. ‘Don’t worry! I’ll deal with everything today!’”可知，妈妈发烧且爸爸出差，所以作者决定处理所有事情。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“First, I cut the pumpkin and put it in a pot with rice to make mum’s favourite pumpkin porridge. When it was ready, I took it to my mum.”可知，此处“it”指代的是前文制作的南瓜粥。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“First, I cut the pumpkin and put it in a pot with rice to make mum’s favourite pumpkin porridge.”可知作者首先做了南瓜粥；根据第三段“I put toys in a basket and started to mop the floor.”可知接着把玩具放进篮子，然后拖地；根据第四段“I washed the breakfast dishes, singing happily.”可知最后洗早餐的盘子。因此正确顺序是③→②→①→④，故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Every tidy table, clean floor and warm bowl of porridge says, ‘I love you.’ That’s the best work of all.”可知，作者认为家务是爱的表达。故选A。 主题语境08 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·辽宁盘锦新兴中学、育才学校·期中）We all know that specially trained dogs can be humans’ helpers. But do you know other animals can also be helpful to people sometimes? On February 4, 2025, a white horse got popular on the Internet. It was at about 13:50. A man fell into the Hanjiang in Xiantao (a city in Hubei) by accident. Up and down, he struggled (挣扎) in the cold river. His daughter, who was not able to swim either, jumped into the river to save her father. But she was also stuck in the river. Just at this moment, a man called Yi Libai riding a white horse came over quickly. The man flicked the reins (抖动缰绳) and the horse jumped into the river and swam to the man and his daughter quickly. Soon, they pulled the man and his daughter to safety with another two men. When asked what made him jump into the river, Yi said to the reporter, “I didn’t think about anything else. I just wanted to save lives.” He explained that horses could swim faster than humans and his horse was very clever, and it could understand what he wanted to do. Unluckily, the white horse got a high fever the next morning. A lot of animal doctors offered to help the white horse. But things got even worse in the next few days. It became blind and died on February 12th. The local government (当地政府) decided to build a statue (雕像) of a white horse along the the Hanjiang. “We want more people to remember the white horse for its brave (勇敢的) action of saving people,” said one of the officials. 1.What can we know from the second paragraph? A. Yi Libai is good at swimming. B. Yi Libai saved the man and his daughter alone. C. The man fell into the river when fishing. D. The father and the daughter can’t swim. 2.What does the underlined word “him” refer to (指的是)? A. Yi Libai. B. The reporter. C. The white horse. D. The man falling into the river. 3.Why did the local government decide to build a white horse statue? A. To thank Yi Libai. B. To make the river more beautiful. C. To remember the white horse. D. To ask people to protect animals. 4.What would be the best title for this passage? A. A brave white horse B. An accident along Hanjiang C. A statue of a white dog D. Yi Libai and his horse 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文讲述了一匹白马英勇救人的故事及其后续影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“His daughter, who was not able to swim either, jumped into the river to save her father.”可知，父女二人都不会游泳。故选D。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“When asked what made him jump into the river. Yi said to the reporter…”可知，划线词“him”指代的是前文提到的Yi Libai。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“We want more people to remember the white horse for its brave (勇敢的) action of saving people”可知，建立雕像是为了纪念这匹白马。故选C。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。全文围绕一匹勇敢救人的白马展开，讲述了它的英勇事迹和后续影响。故选A。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史 （25-26八上·辽宁大连金普·期中）The Story of the General (将军) and the Minister (丞相) In ancient China, there were two important men in the country of Zhao: General Lian Po and Minister Lin Xiangru. Lian was a great fighter. He won many wars (战争) for Zhao and was known for his bravery. Lin was a very smart man. He always helped his king in a clever way. Once, he saved a treasure for Zhao, so the king gave him a higher position than the general’s. This made General Lian very angry. He complained (抱怨), “I risk my life every day! Why is his job better than mine?” He was so upset that whenever they met in the street, the general would glare at the minister. Lin heard this, but he did not get angry. He always stayed away from the general. He even chose different roads to avoid (避免) meeting him. His friends asked him, “Are you afraid of him?” Lin answered calmly, “I am not afraid of the general. But think about this—we fight, our country falls. Our country’s safety is more important than my personal feelings.” When General Lian heard these words, he felt deeply sorry. He realized how selfish he had been. He understood that Lin was truly thinking about their country’s future. To say sorry, he carried sticks on his back and walked to Lin’s house. Lin saw him and quickly helped remove the sticks. “Please, do not carry these.” he said kindly. “I forgive (原谅) you.” After that, they became good friends. They worked together to keep their country safe for many years. 1.General Lian was angry with Minister Lin because ________. A. Lin was a fighter B. Lin argued with him C. Lin got a higher position D. Lin took away his treasure 2.The word “glare” probably means to look at someone ________. A. with kindness and respect B. in a friendly way C. with anger and dislike D. in a sad way 3.Why did Lin avoid meeting Lian? A. Because the king told him to do so. B. Because he didn’t think Lian was important. C. Because he was afraid of Lian. D. Because he worried about his country’s safety. 4.What does the story mainly want to tell us? A. Only brave soldiers are true heroes. B. Personal feelings are important. C. Work hard and never give up. D. Teamwork and respect bring success. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. D　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了古代赵国将军廉颇与丞相蔺相如从矛盾到和解的故事，强调了国家利益高于个人情感的道理。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“the king gave him a higher position than the general’s”和第二段“This made General Lian very angry”可知，廉颇因蔺相如被授予更高职位而愤怒。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“This made General Lian very angry...He was so upset that...the general would glare at the minister”可推知，廉颇因蔺相如的职位高于自己而愤愤不平，因此每次相遇时，他都会“愤怒且厌恶地看着”蔺相如。因此，“glare”指“愤怒且厌恶地看”。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“But think about this—we fights, our country falls. Our country’s safety is more important...”可推知，蔺相如避让廉颇是因为他担忧国家安危。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。全文通过廉颇负荆请罪、蔺相如以国为重的行为，体现团结与尊重对国家的重要性。因此，本文主要告诉我们，团队合作与尊重带来成功。故选D。 主题语境02 人与社会-时代变迁 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳第七中学·期中）Last summer, 12-year-old Lila visited her grandpa’s old workshop. It had old tools, a small window that let in sunlight, and a wooden shelf with dusty jars of nails (钉子). There, under a loose (松动的) floorboard, she found a yellowed notebook with strange marks—“I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ” next to her grandpa’s tool list. “What do these mean?” Lila asked, holding the notebook up and leaning (凑近) closer to her grandpa. Grandpa smiled and sat her down on a wooden chair by the window. “Long ago, people didn’t use 1, 2, 3 like we do now. The Romans made those marks—they’re called Roman numerals. I learned them when I was 10, to count nails and wood for my dad’s small shop.” He pointed to the notebook: “‘V’ stands for 5, ‘X’ for 10. See? I wrote ‘XII’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers total.” Lila’s eyes lit up brightly. Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. “Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables. But they’re tricky—you can’t add or subtract (减) easily. Later, Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) came. They’re simpler, so everyone started using them more.” That day, Lila copied 10 Roman numerals in her notebook carefully. Now, whenever she sees “XII” on a clock, she thinks of grandpa’s story—and how numbers once changed to make life easier. 1.When did Lila’s grandpa learn Roman numerals? A. When he was 10 years old. B. When he started working in the workshop. C. When Lila visited him last summer. D. When he bought the 60-year-old ruler. 2.What does the underlined word “tricky” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Easy to learn. B. Difficult to use. C. Fun to practice. D. Important to remember. 3.What can we infer from the passage? A. Lila will stop using Arabic numerals after the visit. B. Roman numerals are no longer used in any way today. C. Lila’s grandpa used Roman numerals in his work before. D. Arabic numerals were invented by Lila’s grandpa’s dad. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. How Lila helped her grandpa clean the old workshop. B. How Lila learned about Roman numerals from her grandpa. C. Why Arabic numerals are used in modern clocks. D. Why Lila’s grandpa liked collecting old notebooks. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了12岁的Lila在爷爷的旧工作坊中发现了一本记录罗马数字的笔记本，并通过爷爷的讲解了解了罗马数字的历史和用途。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“I learned them when I was 10”可知，爷爷是在10岁时学习的罗马数字。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第三段“they’re tricky—you can’t add or subtract easily”可推知，罗马数字的加减运算不便捷，因此使用起来不方便。“tricky”意为“难以使用的”。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“I wrote ‘XII’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers total.”和第三段“Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. ‘Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables...’”可知，爷爷曾用罗马数字记录工具数量，并用刻有罗马数字的尺子测量木材长度。由此推知，爷爷过去在工作中使用过罗马数字。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。全文围绕Lila通过爷爷的讲解学习罗马数字的经历展开，重点描述了她从发现笔记本到理解罗马数字的过程。因此，本文的主旨是“Lila如何从爷爷那里学习罗马数字”。故选B。 主题语境03 人与社会-著名人物 （25-26八上·辽宁沈阳第七中学·期中）Chen-Ning Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. His life is about both amazing science discoveries and deep love for his homeland. Yang was born in Anhui, China in 1922. He grew up in Tsinghua Garden. At 12, after reading a book about the universe, he told his parents, “I will win the Nobel Prize one day!” In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee came up with a new idea about particle (粒子) physics. Their idea was proved right, and in 1957, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese to get this honor. Yang’s most important work is the Yang-Mills gauge Theory, created with Robert Mills in 1954. This theory helped build the base for the Standard Model in particle physics, explaining how basic particles interact. It is as important as Einstein’s and Maxwell’s theories in physics history. Though Yang worked abroad for years, he never forgot China. In 1971, he was the first famous Chinese scientist to visit China, starting a wave of overseas scholars’ visits. He advised the Chinese government on science research and helped Chinese students study abroad. In his later years, he lived at Tsinghua University and named his home “Gui Gen Ju” (Home of Returning Roots), showing his love for China. Yang said, “I’m proud of being Chinese and honored to work for modern science.” His story tells us that great people care about both science and their homeland. 1.At what age did Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A. 35 B. 42 C. 50 D. 55 2.Why did Yang name his home “Gui Gen Ju”? A. To show he loved Tsinghua Garden. B. To show he loved China deeply. C. To remember his childhood. D. To follow his parents’ wishes. 3.Which of the following is TRUE about Yang? A. He never worked with other scientists. B. He was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize. C. He helped connect China and the West in science. D. He started to study physics when he was in college. 4.What can we learn from Yang’s story? A. All childhood dreams can come true. B. Great scientists care about both science and their home country. C. Basic science is more important than other sciences. D. It’s easy to make big discoveries if people work together. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一杨振宁，一生有着卓越的科学成就，且始终深爱着祖国，其故事诠释了伟大人物对科学与家国的双重坚守。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Yang was born in Anhui, China in 1922.”和“in 1957, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics”可知，杨振宁1922年出生，1957年获得诺贝尔物理学奖，1957-1922=35岁。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In his later years, he lived at Tsinghua University and named his home ‘Gui Gen Ju’ (Home of Returning Roots), showing his love for China.”可知，他将自己的家命名为“归根居”是为了表达对中国深深的热爱。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In 1971, he was the first famous Chinese scientist to visit China, starting a wave of overseas scholars’ visits. He advised the Chinese government on science research and helped Chinese students study abroad.”可知，他推动了海外学者访华，为中国政府提供科研建议并帮助中国学生出国留学，搭建了中外科学交流的桥梁。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“His story tells us that great people care about both science and their homeland.”可知，我们能从杨振宁的故事中得知，伟大的科学家既关心科学也关心自己的祖国。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自我-守则与制度 （25-26八上·辽宁大连高新园·期中）Mr Wang always tells us to keep our eyes on our own paper. It is a simple rule, but it’s not a rule everybody chooses to follow. This morning, I had an experience with a “rule breaker” during an English exam. I felt somebody was watching me a little too closely. I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat right behind me. My eyes caught his and he said in a low voice, “I hope you studied for this test!” I gave him a smile, not sure whether he was joking or not, and returned to my test. This time I leaned (倾身) a little more closely towards my paper. “I can’t see!” James said. “What am I going to do?” I thought to myself. Cheating (作弊) was against my beliefs. I put my arm on my answers. “He’s your friend, and what are friends for?” “You know it’s wrong.” I tapped (轻敲,轻拍) the top of my desk, hoping for an easy way out of this matter. No easy answer came. I just knew I had to do what I felt was right, even if it made James mad. So I guarded my paper so that he couldn’t see my answers. When the exam ended, I stood there for a moment, searching for the right words to say to James. “Sorry, James, but you know me well enough to understand how I feel about cheating,” I said slowly and softly. “But maybe I could help you study before the next test.” “OK, Brian,” he smiled. “It might not be easy, but I’ll give it a try.” I felt happy that my friendship with James hadn’t been destroyed (破坏). Mr. Wang would be proud. 1.Who was the “rule breaker” according to the passage? A. Mr Wang. B. James. C. Brian. D. A boy on the left. 2.The writer leaned a little more closely towards his paper to ________. A. have a little rest B. let his classmate cheat C. protect his answers on the paper D. see the exam paper more clearly 3.Who said the two underlined sentences and in what way? A. Brian and James, to each other. B. James, in a low voice. C. Mr Wang, slowly and softly. D. Brian, silently in his mind. 4.The writer thought Mr Wang would be proud because ________ A. he and James helped each other in the exam. B. both he and James did very well in the exam. C. he didn’t let James copy his answers in the exam. D. he acted in a right way and kept friendship with James. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文为一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者在考试中面对朋友企图作弊时，坚持原则并巧妙维护友谊的经历，体现了诚实与友情的平衡，彰显了正确的价值观。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“This morning, I had an experience with a ‘rule breaker’ during an English exam. I turned my head quickly and saw James”可知，James是那个“违反规则的人”，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“‘I can’t see!’ James said. What am I going to do? I thought to myself. Cheating (作弊) was against my beliefs. I put my arm on my answers.”可知，作者更靠近试卷是为了保护自己试卷上的答案，不让James看到，故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“‘He’s your friend, and what are friends for?’ ‘You know it’s wrong.’ I thought to myself.”可知，这两句话是Brian在心里默默对自己说的，故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“I just knew I had to do what I felt was right, even if it made James mad. So I guarded my paper so that he couldn’t see my answers.”以及“‘OK, Brian,’ he smiled. ‘It might not be easy, but I’ll give it a try.’ I felt happy that my friendship with James hadn’t been destroyed (破坏). Mr Wang would be proud.”可知，作者认为Mr Wang会感到骄傲是因为他做了正确的事，同时还维持了和James的友谊，故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $