UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE（突破疑难）（PPT）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

UNIT 3　FOOD AND CULTURE 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.许多人在晚上睡觉前喜欢听令 人放松的音乐。 (2021北京) 高频词汇精讲 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Prior to our departure, we shall extinguish the fire by covering it with sand.在我们离开之前,我们会通过用 沙子覆盖的方式把火扑灭。   　　　　    在……之前的(其中　　    是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式)   priority n.优先事项;最重要的事;优先;优先权 give (top) priority to优先/首先考虑 take priority over...优先于…… •We should understand that the good of the group takes priority over the needs of one person.我们应该明 白,集体的利益要优先于个人的需求。    第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①(2025全国二)Still, in room 386, academics don't come first. Physical health and mental health are the      　    (prior). ②Prior to 　　    (engage) in physical exercise, it is vital to warm up, especially in winter. ③Yet prior 　　    that, engage in dialogue with them to find out the reason. ④政府在发展规划中应优先考虑环境保护。 The government should 　　　　　　　　　　　    environmental protection in its development plans. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:prior to;to 即时巩固:①priority　②engaging ③to　④give top priority to 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　consist of不能用于被动语态和进行时态。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①consist of=be composed of=be comprised of=be made up of由……组成(或构成) •The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable.十八世纪的哲学家康德主张,宇宙归根到底是由不可知的“自在之物”组成的。  (2024北京) ②consist in...=lie in...在于…… •As an old saying goes, the secret of getting ahead consists in/lies in getting started.俗话说:领先的秘诀在 于开始。   ①It is a fact that the beauty of Mount Tai consists 　　    its charming scenery and rich culture. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②(2026广东广州二中月考) The research team, 　　　    (consist) of experts from five countries, pub- lished its groundbreaking findings. ③大家都知道,生活中不仅有阳光,还有风雨。(一句多译) →It is universally acknowledged that life　　     　　    not only sunshine but also wind and rain. →It is universally acknowledged that life 　　　　　　　　　　　    not only sunshine but also wind and rain. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 即时巩固:①in　②consisting ③consists of;is made up of 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　The hotel was quickly consumed by fire.那座旅馆很快被大火吞噬。 The desire to stand out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision.想要脱颖而出的欲望吞噬 了我,促使我做出了一个令人遗憾的决定。 (2025北京) 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 consume除了常见的“吃,喝,饮;消耗”之意,还有“　　　　    ; (某种情绪或念头)充满……的内心” 的意思。   ①consumer n.顾客;用户 ②consumption n.消费;消耗   ①(2024浙江1月改编) Therefore, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information 　　    (con- sume), resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. ②(2023全国乙)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declin- ing and around half of Britain's 　    (consume) would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:彻底烧毁,吞噬 即时巩固:①consumption ②consumers 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　Do you belong to any trade association?你加入了什么行业协会吗? We're going to organize an exhibition on Chinese culture next Saturday in association with other classes.下 周六我们班将联合其他班组织一次中国文化展。      ①　　     association with...和……联合/合伙 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②Chinese Basketball Association (CBA)中国篮球协会   ①associate vt.联想;联系 vi.交往 associate...with...把……和……联系在一起 associate with sb.和某人交往 ②associated adj.有关联的;相关的 be associated with...与……有关;与……相关联 •Thanks to Beijing's long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events.由于北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,几乎每个胡同都有自己的故 事,有些甚至与历史事件有关。 (2023浙江1月)   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2022浙江1月改编)However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular(心血管 的) fitness and dementia(失智症), and it only shows an 　　    (associate). ②(2026山东滕州二中月考) They tend to get along well with others and are more often associated 　　     better overall health. ③吸烟与许多严重的健康问题相关。 There are many serious health problems which 　　　　　　　　    smoking. ④如果你与乐观的人交往,你一定会取得进步。 If you 　　　　　　　　　　　    , it is certain that you will make progress. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①in 即时巩固:①association　②with　③are associated with ④associate with optimistic people 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　It's fortunate that some of the precious heritage, such as hutong and siheyuan, is being preserved, re- gardless of the modern development.幸运的是,不管现代发展如何,胡同和四合院等一些珍贵遗产都得到 了保护。 (China Daily)   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①regardless of+名词(短语)不管…… ②regardless of the fact that...不管……的事实 ③regardless of what/who/how/when/where...不管什么/谁/怎样/什么时候/在(到)哪里……   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 表示“尽管;即使”的连词和介词(短语) 连词 介词(短语) although　though even if/even though in spite of despite •Despite/In spite of the extreme cold (=Even if/Even though/Although/Though the weather was extremely cold), the workers were working around the clock to meet the deadline.尽管(天气)极其寒冷,工人们还是夜 以继日地工作,以赶上最后期限。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①(2022北京)我们必须每天锻炼,不管我们的年龄和工作方式。 We must exercise daily 　　　　　　　　　　　    and working style. ②尽管雨下得很大,我们仍然决定按计划举行食品文化节。(一句多译) →　　     　　　　　　　　    , we still decided to hold the Food Culture Festival as scheduled.(介词短 语) →　　     　　　　　　　　　　　    , we still decided to hold the Food Culture Festival as scheduled. (从句) 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 即时巩固:①regardless of our age　②Despite the heavy rain;Although/Though it was raining heavily 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     It is reported that a large quantity of medicine has been sent to the district.据报道,大量药品已被送往 该地区。 Large quantities of food/nuts are served on the table for customers to choose from.大量的食物/坚果被摆到 桌子上供顾客选择。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 A large quantity of tourist attractions that I recommend appeal to millions of visitors every year.我推荐的很 多旅游胜地每年吸引数百万游客。      ①in large/small quantities大量地/少量地 ②a large quantity of/large quantities of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。“a large quantity of+不可数 名词”作主语时,谓语动词用　　    形式,“a large quantity of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词常用 　　    形式;“large quantities of+可数名词复数或不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词都用　　    形式。   ①(2026河北邢台NT20名校联合体月考)A large quantity of plastic products 　　    (be) polyolefin-based (聚烯烃基的). 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②A large quantity of cash 　　    (be) used to purchase ingredients for cooking. ③So far, large quantities of money 　　    (raise) to help those homeless survivors rebuild their houses after the earthquake. ④大多数健康专家都会赞同,大量食用肉类(尤其是红肉)对我们自身和地球都不利。 Most health experts would agree that eating meat—especially red meat—　　     　　　　　    isn't good for us and the planet. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:②单数;复数;复数 即时巩固:①are　②is　③have been raised　④in large quantities 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent with the reality.记住,我们理想的生活并不总 是与现实相符。     be consistent 　　    ...与……一致/相符 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①consistently adv.一致地,始终如一地 ②consistency n.一致性,连贯性;黏稠度,密实度 ③inconsistent adj.不一致的;不符合的;反复无常的 be inconsistent with...与……不一致/不相符 •The report is inconsistent with the financial statements. 这个报告与财务报表内容不一致。 ④inconsistently adv.不一致地;反复无常地 ⑤inconsistency n.不一致;不一致的情况   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2026河南濮阳月考)Not surprisingly, research suggests that programs are more effective when students attend 　　    (consistent) and spend more time on academic tasks. ②To our relief, the results of the experiment are entirely consistent 　　    our earlier findings. ③Thinkers tend to make decisions using logical analysis and value honesty, 　　    (consistent), and fair- ness while feelers tend to be sensitive and cooperative. ④到目前为止,他的行为一直与他的承诺不一致。 His actions 　　　　　　　　　　　    his promises up to now. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:with 即时巩固:①consistently　②with　③consistency　④have been inconsistent with 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     He tricked me into buying a house, which cost me an arm and a leg.他骗我花了一大笔钱买下房子。 Some false advertisements may trick old people out of their money.一些虚假广告可能会骗走老年人的钱。 For most people, a few minutes of yoga can do the trick.对大多数人来说,练几分钟的瑜伽就能达到目的。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 The naughty boy played a trick/tricks on the shy girl,who lost her temper, her cheeks flaming with anger.那 个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩,女孩发脾气了,她气得两颊通红。    ①play a trick/tricks 　　    sb.捉弄某人 ②do 　　    trick奏效;起作用;达到目的  ③trick sb. 　　    sth.从某人处骗走某物 ④trick sb. 　　    doing sth.骗某人做某事   ①tricky adj.难办的,难对付的;狡猾的,诡计多端的 ②trickster n.骗子   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2026山西大学附属中学校月考)Right before you go on stage, when nerves are at their worst, you can trick your body 　　    feeling calmer. ②(2026湖北襄阳四中月考) Exposure to natural light stimulates dopamine, a chemical which helps regulate normal growth and development of the eyeball. Indoor lighting doesn't do 　　    trick. ③如果孩子们没有得到糖果,他们就会捉弄他们的邻居。 If children don't get candies, they will 　　　　　　　　    their neighbors. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①on　②the　③out of　④into 即时巩固:①into　②the　③play tricks on 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 词汇 释义 用法&拓展 stuff vt.填满;把……塞进 n.东西;物品 be stuffed with food塞满了食物 all the good stuff所有好东西(2024浙江1月) stuffing n.[U](烹饪前塞入鸡等膛内的)填料 slice n.(切下的食物)薄片;部分,份额 vt.把……切成薄片 a slice of...……的部分/份额 slice...off切下…… slice (up) sth.把某物切成薄片 sliced adj.已切成薄片的 高频词汇积累 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 elegant adj.精美的;讲究的;文雅的 an elegant atmosphere优雅的氛围 (2023全国甲) elegantly adv.讲究地;优雅地 elegance n.优雅;雅致;典雅 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 词汇 释义 用法&拓展 exceptional adj.特别的,罕见的;杰出的,优秀 的 an exceptional museum一座非凡的博物馆  unexceptional adj.乏味的;平常的;普通的 exception n.例外;例外的事物 minimum n.最小值;最少量 adj.最低(限度)的;最小的 at a/the minimum至少  maximum n.最大量;最大限度 adj.最大的;最大限度的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 temper n.脾气;火气 a violent/short/quick temper烈性子/急性子/火性子 lose one's temper (with sb.)(对某人)发脾气 keep/control one's temper捺住性子;不发脾气 good-tempered/bad-tempered adj.脾气好/坏的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ingredient n.(尤指烹饪)材料;成分;  (成功 的)因素,要素 a wider variety of ingredients更多种类的配料(2023全国乙) the essential ingredients for suc-cess成功的基本要素 stable adj.稳定的;稳重的  n.养马场;马房 remain stable保持稳定(2022新高考Ⅰ)  unstable adj.不稳定的;不稳固的 stably adv.稳定地;稳重地 stability n.稳定性 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 somewhat adv.有点;稍微 a somewhat unusual solution一个 有点不寻常的解决方案(2024北 京) category n.类别;种类 fall into/belong in/fit into a cate- gory属于一类 different categories不同类别(202 3新课标Ⅱ) 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 moderation n.适度;合理 in moderation适量地;适中地(202 4全国甲) moderate adj.适度的;中等的 　moderate effort适度的努力(20 22浙江) moderately adv.适度;适中 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ideal adj.完美的;理想的;想象的 n.理想;完美的人(或事物) an ideal place理想的地方(2024浙江1月) ideally adv.完美地;按理想来说,理想情况下 idealism n.理想主义 idealist n.理想主义者 fundamental adj.根本的;基础的;基本的 n.基本规律;根本法则 be fundamental to...是……的基础 fundamental ways基本方法  essential adj.本质的;基本的;根本的 fundamentally adv.根本上 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 chew vi.& vt.咀嚼;嚼碎 n.咀嚼 chew over仔细考虑;深思熟虑;详细讨论 chewy adj.需要多嚼的;不易嚼烂的;耐嚼的 modest adj.些许的;谦虚的;朴素的 modestly adv.谦虚地 modesty n.谦虚,谦逊;端庄;有限 overall adv.总体上;大致上 adj.全面的;综合的;总体的 overall health整体健康 (2025全国二) the overall effect总体效果  generally adv.笼统地;概括地;大概 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　在“There is evidence that...”中,that引导的是同位语从句,用于解释说明前面名词evidence的具体 内容。   　　①There is no evidence that...没有证据表明…… 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②There is no doubt that...毫无疑问的是…… ③There is a fact that...事实是…… •There is a fact that traditional cultures have positive meaning for us to shape the right values.事实是,传统 文化对我们塑造正确的价值观是有积极意义的。    写作 传统文化  ④There is a possibility that...可能…… •There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, should there be a sudden loud noise.如果 突然发出很大的噪声,这些动物确实有可能受到惊吓。   ①While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 　　    they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②(2026吉林松原月考)毫无疑问,癌症或许很快就能在早期阶段被检测出来。 　　     　　　　　　　　　　　    cancer may soon be detected in the early stage. ③从科学角度来看,没有证据表明湿着头发睡觉的人会经受更严重的过敏症状。 Scientifically, 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　    people who sleep with wet hair experience severer aller- gy symptoms. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 即时巩固:①that　②There is no doubt that　③there is no evidence that 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     You can pay weekly or monthly—it's up to you.你可以按周或按月支付,这由你决定。 As far as I'm concerned, it's up to all the Chinese people to preserve endangered species.在我看来,保护濒 临灭绝的物种是所有中国人的职责。      第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　It's up to sb. (　　     sth.)由某人决定(做某事);(做某事)是某人的职责   ①up to sth.到达(某数量、程度等),至多有;直到,不多于,不迟于 •The temperature went up to 39℃.气温上升到了39摄氏度。 •Up to now he's been very quiet.到目前为止,他一直很安静。 ②be up to (doing) sth.(体力或智力上)能胜任(做)某事 •I'm afraid Tom just isn't up to the job.恐怕汤姆不能胜任这份工作。   ①(2025全国二)There are up 　　    30 students at any given time in Ho's class. ②It's up to you 　　    (decide) the theme of your speech. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③I'm not sure if our team is up to 　　    (compete) with the top-ranked class in the school sports meet. ④(2025全国一)幸运的是,分析表明,可再生能源能够胜任这项任务。 Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables　　     　　　　　    the task.   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:to do 即时巩固:①to　②to decide ③competing　④are up to 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:来中国之前,我只在美国接触过一次中式烹饪,那里的中国食物为了适应美国人的口味已经被改 变了。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:例如,在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左公鸡”,它是在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱,再用煸炒过的红辣 椒调味制成的。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:我们疲惫不堪,饥肠辘辘,一个汉字也不认识,不知道该怎么点餐,所以厨师就开始在我们的桌子上 摆满食物,那是我们吃过的最可口的菜肴。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:它已成为中国北方人最喜爱的传统菜肴,在中国北方包饺子一直是一项全员参与的家庭活动,无 论老少都会加入进来帮忙。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:美国心脏协会建议我们将每日从糖中摄取的热量限制在100至150卡路里以下,这些糖少于一罐甜 饮料或一块糖果通常所含的糖分。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 ①时间　②定语　③目的 ④非限制性定语　⑤并列 ⑥定语　⑦非限制性定语 ⑧同位语　⑨目的　⑩宾语     非限制性定语     宾语 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 过去完成时及其被动语态   　　He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here.搬到这里以前,他已经在那家工厂 工作了五年。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 1.过去完成时的构成:助动词①　　    +动词的过去分词形式。 2.过去完成时的定义:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状 态,即“过去的过去”;也可以表示从过去某一时间开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去的另一时间。这 个过去的时间常用before、by、until、when、after等引出的时间状语来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的 动作或通过上下文语境来表示。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   I had wished festival activities could attract her, but they didn't work.我本来希望节日活动能吸引她, 但是它们没有奏效。 I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.我本来希望寄 给彼得一件礼物以祝贺他结婚了,可是我没能做到。   　　表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、计划时常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/ expected。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 No sooner had I arrived home than the bell rang.我刚到家,门铃就响了。 She had hardly had time to sit and have a rest when the phone rang again.她刚有时间坐下来休息,电话就 又响了。 　　表示“一……就……”:在“had hardly/scarcely+过去分词...when...”或“had no sooner+过去分 词...than...”句型中,主句用②　　　　　    ,从句用③　　　　　    。当hardly、scarcely、no sooner位 于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.那是他那一年第三次失业。   表示“某人/物第几次做某事”:在“It/This/That was the first/second/third/...time+that从句”中,主句用 一般过去时,从句用④　　　　　     。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 This was the best advice that I had ever given to my friend.这是我给过朋友的最好的忠告。   　　在句型“This was the+形容词最高级+名词+that从句”中,从句常用⑤　　　　　    。   It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我们有十年没玩得那么愉快过了。   　　在“It was+一段时间+since...”句型中,从句常用过去完成时。   　　If you had helped me, I would have got a high score.如果你帮助过我的话,我就会得高分了。 　　在虚拟条件句中,表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句要用⑥　　　　　    。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 He hadn't learned English before he came to this school.来这所学校之前他没有学过英语。   　　在包含when、before、after、until等连词的主从复合句中,如果主句谓语和从句谓语表示的动作是 在过去的不同时间发生的,且要突出发生的先后顺序,那么先发生的动作通常需要用⑦　　　　　    表 示,后发生的动作用一般过去时表示。   He said, “We have got two gold medals in the sports meeting.”他说:“我们在这场运动会中已经得 了两枚金牌。” →He said that they had got two gold medals in the sports meeting.他说他们在这场运动会中已经得了两 枚金牌。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　在间接引语中,我们通常用过去完成时表示在引述动词(一般过去时)之前发生的动作,即在told、 said、thought等动词后的宾语从句常用过去完成时。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   He went to Wuhan last week.他上周去了武汉。 The bus had already left by the time she arrived.等她到达的时候公共汽车已经开走了。   　　一般过去时表示动作在过去的某个时间发生,或表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。过去完成时表 示动作在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成,即“过去的过去”。使用过去完成时一定是以⑧　　     的某个时间为参照点,而一般过去时是以⑨　　    的时间为参照点。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   He said that such products had been sold out.他说这种产品已经卖完了。 After the assignment had been done, he went to play basketball.任务完成后,他就去打篮球了。   　　过去完成时的被动语态的构成为“助动词had+been+动词的过去分词形式”。   ①(2025全国一)He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years 　　　　    (pass) away a few months earlier. ②(2025浙江1月)Kevin and Mr. Green took the watch they 　　　　    (find) to the police station. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③(2024新课标Ⅰ)I 　　　　    (plan) to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight 　　　　    (delay) by an hour and a half. ④(2023新课标Ⅰ)When I finally finished it, the thought of winning 　　　　    (give) way to the enjoy- ment of writing. ⑤(2023北京)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 　　　　    (ar- rive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. ⑥(2022新高考Ⅰ)I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what 　　　　     (happen). ⑦(2022新高考Ⅱ)Road accidents, which 　　　　    (fall) for years, are now rising sharply. ⑧This was the first time that I 　　　　    (invite) to attend a party. ⑨To our utter amazement, he 　　　　    (complete) his studies by the end of last year. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ⑩It was two years since I 　　　　　　　 (participate) in the debate held by the student union. We wouldn't have accomplished the task ahead of time if it 　　　　    (not be) for your support.  他们本来想要去帮忙,但没有及时赶到。 They 　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　    but could not get there in time.  他谈起香港来就好像他以前去过那里似的。 He talks about Hong Kong as though he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    .  我刚走进屋子,母亲就喊我的名字。(hardly) 　　　     　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    when my mother called my name.  She said, “I left my book in the reading room two days ago.”(句型转换;改为间接引语) →She said that 　　　　　　　　　　　    her book in the reading room two days before. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①had　②过去完成时 ③一般过去时　④过去完成时 ⑤过去完成时　⑥过去完成时 ⑦过去完成时　⑧过去　⑨现在 即时巩固:①had passed　②had found ③had planned; had been delayed　④had given　⑤had arrived　⑥had happened ⑦had fallen　⑧had been invited　⑨had completed ⑩had participated     hadn't been     had wanted to help  had been there before  Hardly had I gone into the house/I had hardly gone into the house     she had left 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $