UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 测评卷（Word）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

第一部分。听力。第一节听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍。It's pouring outside. Did you get caught . in the rain? No, Lucy gave me a ride home. The weather forecast says it's supposed to be Sunny tomorrow. That's good, right? Yeah, but I hope you will be windy. I want to . fly a kate. It's pouring outside. Did you get caught in . the rain? No, Lucy gave me a ride home. The weather forecast says it's supposed to be Sunny tomorrow. That's good, right? Yeah, but I hope you will be windy. I want to fly a kate. Waiter, may I know when I can have my meal? I've been waiting for half an hour. I'm very sorry about that. I'll rush IT for you. Waiter, may I know when I can have my meal? I've been waiting for half an hour. I'm very sorry about that. I'll rush IT for you. What are you buying? Don't you already have a . latter at home? I do, but this is special. C IT can bend. You can fold IT and make IT into a chair. And if it's open, IT becomes a bookcase. What are you buying? Don't you already have a . latter at home? I do, but this is special. C IT can bend. You can fold IT and make IT into a chair. And if it's open, IT becomes a bookcase. I'm going out to apply for jobs today. Do you want to come with me? IT might be less stressful. Sure, we should go to the mall. There are many jobs there you can apply for. We can also go shopping afterwards. I'm going out to apply for jobs today. Do you want to come with me? IT might be less stressful. Sure, we should go to the mall. There are many jobs there you can apply for. We can also go shopping afterwards. My credit card was cancelled. I have a full time job with a good income, and I don't have any outstanding debts. So what could be the problem? Did you always make your . payments on time? Well, no. then that is your answer. My credit card . was cancelled. I have a full time job with a good income, and I don't have any outstanding debts. So what could be the problem? Did you always make your payments on time? Well, no. then that is your answer. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。I feel so cross. If I ever see him again, i'm definitely going to tell him a thing or two. Take IT easy, Monica. That guy isn't worth arguing with. I told him that he couldn't return the t shirt because the Price tag had already been removed, and he just started yelling at me and complained to our store manager, saying IT was all my fault. He even threatened to call the police. I know, but you know our policy, no argument with our customer, even if you think you are absolutely rise. So just let IT go. I feel so cross. If I ever see him again, i'm definitely going to tell him . a thing or two. Take IT easy, Monica. That guy isn't worth arguing with. I told him that he couldn't return the t shirt because the Price tag had already been removed, and he just started yelling at me and complained to our store manager, saying IT was all my fault. He even threatened to call . the police. I know, but you know our policy, no argument with our customer, even if you think you are absolutely rise. So just let you go. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Would you drop this dss off at the dry cleaners for me? Okay, but it's a little out of my way. Can I do IT on saturday? No, if you take IT today, i'll be able to pick IT up on saturday morning. Dry cleaning usually takes one day. I'd like to have IT in time for the wedding. wedding? What wedding? Don't you remember? Your ny sylvia is going to get married on sunday? Oh, no. That's the day of the football championship game. I bought the ticket a month in advance. That's too bad, but surely you can see that the wedding is more important. Of course, my friend, we'll be happy to have my ticket. Would you drop this dressed off at the dry cleaners for me? OK, but it's a little out of my way. Can I do IT on saturday? No, if you take IT today, i'll be able to pick IT up on saturday morning. Dry cleaning usually takes one day. I'd like to have IT in time for the wedding. wedding? What wedding? Don't you remember your knife? Ce, sylvia is going to get married on sunday. Oh, no, that's the day of the football championship game. I bought the ticket a month in advance. That's too bad. But surely you can see that the wedding is more important. Of course, my friend will be happy to have my ticket. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hi, Susan, how are you? You don't look very happy. I'm alright really, but it's my parents. They want me to go back to thailand after I graduate. Why don't you want to go back? I want to pursue a career in computer engineering. I don't think I can do that in my home country. Do you think you can easily like? And your first job here in the U. K. With many opportunities available, I believe IT will be easier for me to build my career here. What position do you actually want for your future career? I want to work full time as a research scientist specializing in computer engineering. awesome. Have you consulted the career adviser at the career . center office? No, not yet. IT never crossed my mind. Will you go with me now? Of course. Hi Susan. How are you? You don't look very happy. I'm alright really, but it's my parents. They want me to go back to thailand after I graduate. Why don't you want to go back? I want to pursue a career in computer engineering. I don't think I can do that in my home country. Do you think you can easily, and your first job here in the U. K. With many opportunities available, I believe IT will be easier for me to build my career here. What position do you actually want for your future career? I want to work full time as a research scientist specializing in computer engineering. awesome. Have you consulted the career adviser at the career . center office? No, not yet. IT never crossed my mind. Will you go with me now? Of course. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Hello, professor. Could you help me with my entry for the design . competition? OK? Are there any requirements, for example, saving energy or producing no noise? Actually, that was the focus in former competitions. We have to adopt a creative approach to existing . technology. This year, I see what is your design? A dishwasher? Here is my drawing. There's a stone at the bottom. Is that for decoration? no. Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone. good. But what makes your design creative? My idea is to give pressure to the carbon dioxide so that IT becomes a liquid. The liquid is used to clean the dishes. A brilliant idea. Thank you. I have to give a presentation about the design. I've got detailed drawings and a five hundred word paper on IT, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine I see. Hello, professor. could you help me with my entry for the design competition? OK? Are there any requirements, for example, saving energy or producing no noise? Actually, that was the focus in former competitions. We have to adopt a creative approach to existing this year. I see. what is your design? A dishwasher? Here is my drawing. There's a stone at the bottom. Is that for decoration? no. Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone. good. But what makes your design creative? My idea is to give pressure to the carbon dioxide so that IT becomes a liquid. The liquid is used to clean . the dishes. A brilliant idea. Thank you. I have to give a presentation about the design. I've got detailed drawings and a five hundred word paper on IT, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of . the machine I see. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第23个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。An eighty nine year old man from the state of road island has reached a goal he spent nearly a lifetime thinking about as a Young man in vienna, austria. Manfred steiner followed his mother's advice and entered the university of vienna in nineteen nineteen fifty one, where he earned a medical degree four years later. Then he moved to the united states at the university of north CarOlina. The steiner established a research program and directed IT until he retired from medicine in two thousand. Steiner found medical research pleasing, but IT was not quite the same as his interest in physics. At age seventy, he started taking undergraduate classes in Brown university. By two thousand and seven, he had earned enough credits to join the doctoral program. One of his physics professor said skinner was serious about the subject and worked tired. What is really true about him is that he always sticks to his dreams. Steiner now hopes to assist the professors in Brown with their research. After the university published the story about steiner on its website, people across the U. S. Contacted him for advice on how to go after their dreams in life. His advice is, do what you love to do. An eighty nine year old man from the state of road island has reached a goal he spent nearly a lifetime thinking about as a Young man in vienna, austria. Manfred steiner followed his mother's advice and entered the university of vienna in nineteen nineteen fifty one, where he earned a medical degree four years later. Then he moved to the united states at the university of north CarOlina. Steiner established a research program and directed IT until he retired from medicine in two thousand. Steiner found medical research pleasing, but IT was not quite the same as his interest in physics. At age seventy, he started taking undergraduate classes in Brown university. By two thousand and seven, he had earned enough credits to join the doctoral program. One of his physics professor said steiner was serious about the subject and worked tired. What is really true about him is that he always sticks to his dreams. Steiner now hopes to assist the professors in Brown with their research. After the university published the story about steiner on its website, people across the U. S. Contacted him for advice on how to go after their dreams in life. His advice is, do what you love to do. 单元达标检测 UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 全卷满分150分　考试用时120分钟 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1.What will the weather be like tomorrow? A.Rainy.　　　　　B.Sunny.　　　　　C.Windy. 2.How does the woman probably feel? A.Patient.　　　　　B.Sorry.　　　　　C.Annoyed. 3.What is the man buying? A.A chair.　　　　　B.A ladder.　　　　　C.A bookcase. 4.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Where to apply for jobs.　　　　　B.How to deal with stress. C.When to go shopping. 5.Why was the woman's credit card canceled? A.She had a poor income.　　　　　B.She got into heavy debt. C.She made late payment. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 　　听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What is the woman? A.A customer.　　B.A salesperson.　　C.A store manager. 7.What does the man suggest the woman do? A.Make a complaint.　　　　　B.Let go of her anger. C.Call the police. 　　听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8.What does the woman ask the man to do? A.Fix a time.　　　　　B.Drop her off on the way. C.Take her dress to the cleaner's. 9.What day is it today? A.Friday.　　　　　B.Saturday.　　　　　C.Sunday. 10.What will the speakers do on Sunday? A.Buy tickets.　　　　　B.Watch the football game. C.Attend the wedding ceremony. 　　听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11.Why does the woman choose to stay in the UK? A.It provides opportunities. B.Her parents want her to stay. C.She doesn't like her home country. 12.What will the woman do next? A.Go to a research center.　　　　　B.Study in the office. C.Ask for advice. 13.What are the speakers talking about? A.Their parents.　　　　　B.A career plan. C.Working experience. 　　听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。 14.What is this competition about? A.Saving energy at home. B.Reducing noise pollution. C.Using technology creatively. 15.What is the stone used for? A.Starting the machine.　　　　　B.Increasing air pressure. C.Producing carbon dioxide. 16.What is the liquid coming from carbon dioxide in the dishwasher designed to do? A.Clean the dishes.　　　　　B.Start the machine. C.Give pressure to the stone. 17.Why does the woman come to the man? A.To discuss the way of writing a paper. B.To find the right material for a model. C.To study the approach to detailed drawings. 　　听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18.When did Manfred Steiner gain his medical degree? A.In 1951.　　　　　　　B.In 1955.　　　　　　　　C.In 2000. 19.What did Steiner's professor think of him? A.Determined.　　B.Generous.　　C.Stubborn. 20.What is Steiner's plan for his future? A.To publish his story. B.To offer advice on success. C.To help the professors in Brown. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Climate change could have large impacts on food production across the world. Rising temperatures might boost crop production in cold regions but negatively impact production in warmer areas. Wheat and rice—which benefit from more CO2 in the atmosphere—could see growing output, while corn and sorghum(高粱) could see a decline with warmer temperatures. Farmers can adjust their practices to a warmer climate in four key ways: 　　A recent study conducted by experts modeled three adaptation methods—changing WHAT, changing WHEN and changing both of them. The chart below shows their impact on the output of corn, rice, sorghum, soybeans(大豆) and wheat. 　　These three adaptation methods can already go some way to relieve climate pressure in some countries. But, of course, we don't only care about crop production at the global level. If farmers in particular regions—especially those that are most food-insecure—cannot adapt to climate change, this is still a major problem. So there is more we can do in the future. 21.What should farmers change if they are short of money and labour? A.HOW.　　　　　B.WHAT.　　　　　C.WHEN.　　　　　D.WHERE. 22.Which crop can benefit most if farmers plant improved varieties? A.Corn.　　　　　B.Rice.　　　　　C.Wheat.　　　　　D.Sorghum. 23.What should be done in the future? A.To help the farmers in need.　　　　B.To move to colder regions. C.To focus on crop production.　　　　D.To adopt the three methods. B 　　Ada Lovelace was born on December 10th, 1815. Ada's mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared that she would grow up with her father's changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard. However, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and would perhaps have learned about them on her own. Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew of her mother's thought about keeping the creative side of her from germinating(萌芽). However, as Ada herself is known to have said, “If you can't give me poetry, can't you give me poetical science?” Ada got married at 19, to William King who was made the Earl of Lovelace in 1838, at which point she became Lady Ada King, the Countess of Lovelace, but was known as Ada Lovelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encouraging his wife's love of numbers.   During her youth, Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville, who was known as the “Queen of 19th Century Science” and was the first woman to be accepted into the Royal Astronomical Society(RAS). It was through Mary Somerville that Ada first heard of Charles Babbage's idea for a new calculating(计算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life. Ada met Babbage when she was around 17 and the two became close friends. Babbage was working on an “Analytical Engine”, something he was designing to deal with complex calculations. Ada was later asked to translate an article. She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations(新事物). Her notes were published in 1843 and it turned out that what she had written was so original. It is now seen as the first comprehensive comment on what would become modern-day computer programming. Although impressive, Ada was not actually given credit for the article until 1848. 24.What happened to Ada in her childhood? A.She had to compare herself with her peers. B.She gave up learning because of her father. C.She was greatly cared for by her father. D.She was pushed to learn scientific knowledge. 25.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean? A.Ada thought poetry was boring. B.Ada thought science was creative. C.Ada was interested in both science and poetry. D.Ada thought poetry was harder than science. 26.What decided Ada's professional life? A.Her husband's encouragement. B.The support of the RAS. C.Her communication with Babbage. D.Somerville's suggestions. 27.What did Ada do after she met Babbage? A.She taught people how to program. B.She invented an “Analytical Engine”. C.She praised Babbage's achievements. D.She translated an article and developed it. C Sometimes, the best thing for a penguin is to go with the flow. Magellanic penguins change their strategy for directing themselves home based on the strength of ocean currents: swimming almost straight back to their colonies(群体) in calm waters, but following currents when they are strong—traveling farther but conserving energy, researchers reported in PLOS Biology. From September to February, Magellanic penguins raise their young in coastal colonies of Chile and Argentina. Adult penguins travel more than 100 kilometers in one trip to find small fish to feed their babies. Such long ocean journeys require not only a keen sense of direction but skills in dealing with ocean currents, which can either aid in movement—like how sea turtles use currents for their seasonal movements—or sweep animals off course. While penguins can swim against strong currents, study coauthor Wilson notes that it's not wise: “Why catch all that fish just to waste energy swimming against the currents?” To uncover their strategies, Wilson and coworkers monitored 27 adult penguins from Argentina's San Lorenzo colony using GPS and movement trackers under varying current conditions. After nearly 30 hours of fishing, their return trips—lasting up to 16 hours—always began with the penguins pointing directly toward their colonies, but their following path depended on the day's ocean conditions. In calm waters, they maintained a nearly straight line. However, in strong currents, they adopted S-shaped paths following the area's natural current patterns. As currents changed direction during their journey, they avoided being carried too far off course. These longer trips not only provided extra fishing opportunities but saved energy, according to estimates of the effort required to swim at specific speeds. This behavior suggests penguins assess the strength and direction of currents to select the best paths to follow. Their ability likely originates from a mix of the natural tendency—genetically built rough guides to the sea—and learning, with young penguins observing and copying adult behavior to refine their skills. 28.How does the author present the fact in the first paragraph? A.By citing a report.　　　　　B.By comparing data. C.By explaining a term.　　　　　D.By giving examples. 29.What determines the penguins' next path to follow according to the research? A.The length of fishing time. B.The distance of fishing trips. C.The effort required to swim. D.The conditions of daily currents. 30.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning “S-shaped paths” in paragraph 4? A.The method of avoiding strong currents. B.The opportunity for extra fishing. C.The strategy of adapting to strong currents. D.The consequence of wasting energy. 31.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Ocean currents: key to penguin survival B.Magellanic penguins: smart current users C.Magellanic penguins: masters of long trips D.Ocean currents: calm tides and rough waves D 　　Everything's bigger in Texas, where even 3D printers take on a huge appearance. Soon, it will be the site of the world's first 3D-printed hotel, El Cosmico, which has just begun construction in the desert north of Marfa. Passers-by won't see the framework that typically comes with construction. Photos of the site show a massive 46.5-foot-wide and 15.5-foot-tall 3D printer laying layer upon layer of sand-colored material onto the foundations, creating sand-colored walls. This enormous machine, called Vulcan, was developed by the Texas-based 3D printing and robotics company ICON. It looks like “an inkjet printer with a cartridge (墨盒) going back and forth”, Liz Lambert, El Cosmico's owner, described it. The project is cooperation between Lambert, ICON and architects at Bjarke Ingels Group. Lambert seeks to expand the existing El Cosmico hotel, adding 43 new units and 18 residential homes on a new 40-acre property. According to ICON, 3D printing will provide new ways to build and offer greater flexibility in architectural designs. “I've never been able to build with such little restriction...” Lambert tells Reuters' Evan Garcia. “It's an incredible way to build.” Images of the hotel's inside reveal cream-colored walls and rounded wooden surfaces full of colors that reflect the surrounding desert. The structures' walls are made of a class of concrete called “lavacrete”, a low-carbon material created by ICON, which has the compressive strength(压缩强度) of 2,000 to 3,500 pounds per square inch. The mixture also uses local Texas materials colored to “fit into the landscape of Marfa”, as Lambert tells Reuters. ICON was founded in 2017, and its technology has been used to build 3D-printed homes in Texas and Mexico, where residents have commented on the strength of their walls and their insulation(隔绝) from the sun. The company also adopts the technology to help address America's affordable housing crisis. In 2020, ICON constructed several houses for the Community First! Village in Austin for homeless people run by the nonprofit Mobile Loaves & Fishes. Construction on the new hotel is scheduled to conclude in 2026, and the existing location will be open until 2025. 32.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.The distinctive features of 3D printing. B.The amazing appearance of the 3D printer. C.The framework of the traditional construction. D.The process of building a 3D-printed hotel. 33.How does Lambert feel about 3D printing? A.Appreciative.　　　　　B.Pessimistic. C.Cautious.　　　　　D.Indifferent. 34.Why are the local Texas materials used? A.To cut down on transportation costs. B.To integrate into the surroundings. C.To enhance the safety of the hotel. D.To protect the natural environment. 35.What can we infer about ICON? A.It is a non-profit organization devoted to 3D printing. B.It never employed 3D printing before building the hotel. C.It has built 3D-printed homes securing positive feedback. D.It uses 3D printing to solve America's luxury housing crisis. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 　　Waking up at the crack of dawn and going for a run might feel frightening when you start trying to make it a habit. 　36　 So, how much time is really needed to make that habit stick?  One popular idea suggests that it takes 21 days to solidify a habit. A three-week time frame might sound easily reachable to someone making a resolution on New Year's Day, when people tend to feel extra motivated to start a new habit or kick an old one. 　37　 One survey showed that only 9 percent of people actually stuck to their goals in 2025.  　38　 No matter how long it is for any individual, repetition is the key to making it work. Some experts suggest various individualized ways to reinforce healthy behaviors and to eventually turn a wholesome task into an unconscious habit.  The origin of the “21-day theory” has nothing to do with habits. It apparently originated from the 1960 self-help book, in which plastic surgeon Maxwell Maltz observed that it took his patients about 21 days to get used to their new appearance after surgery. 　39　 However, the book applied this 21-day timeline to self-transformation in many other wide-ranging aspects of life. For instance, the book also set three weeks as the time needed for people to get used to a new house or change their mind about their beliefs.  Even without much solid research, the 21-day myth became widely accepted. It likely persists because it seems like such a reasonable amount of time. For example, establishing a regular exercise habit in just three days seems too quick and unlikely, and a year seems too long. 　40　  The researchers suggested that habit formation depends on the effort that a person puts into practicing an activity and on the presence of environmental cues that would remind them to carry out the behavior. A.Everyone has a unique habit-building timeline. B.No formal experiment was conducted to prove this. C.People might easily see 21 days as a realistic time frame. D.Acquiring a habit obviously takes determination and time. E.Habits are formed through a process known as habituation. F.Yet every January 21, few people can stick to their resolutions. G.Many people have applied the “21-day” time frame to all habits. 36.　　　 37.　　　 38.　　　 39.　　　 40.　　　  第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 　　Like almost every set of new parents, Bryan and Elizabeth loved taking photos of their new-born son, Noah. One day, Elizabeth noticed something 　41　 in a picture: One of Noah's eyes looked red with the camera flash, but the other had a small white spot. Elizabeth 　42　 the strange phenomenon to their doctor, who identified that a white reflection is a(n) 　43　 of retinal cancer. 　44　, Noah endured months of treatment, but doctors could not save his eye.  Retinoblastoma(视网膜母细胞瘤), the scientific name of Noah's disease, is 　45　 if caught early. Bryan couldn't help but 　46　 whether there were signs he'd missed. He went back over every baby picture of Noah he could find—thousands of them—and 　47　 the first white spot in a photo taken when Noah was 12 days old. As time 　48　, it appeared more frequently.  It was too late for Noah's eye, but Bryan was 　49　 to put his hard-won insights to good use. He created a 　50　 that charted the cancer's appearance in every photo. 　51　 with that data, he began to work with his colleagues in Baylor University's computer science department to 　52　 a smartphone app. It can scan the photos to 　53　 the white eye and can be used as a kind of eye-check 　54　. Called White Eye Detector, it is now 　55　 for free.  “I just kept telling myself, I really need to do this,” Bryan told People. “This disease is tough to detect. Not only could this software save vision, but it can save lives.” 41.A.amusing　　　　B.unusual　　　　C.satisfying　　　　　D.typical 42.A.mentioned　　　B.contacted　　　C.reflected　 D.complained 43.A.conclusion　　　B.account　　　C.sign　　　　　D.response 44.A.Surprisingly　　　B.Sadly　　　C.Gradually　　　D.Fortunately 45.A.rare　　　B.distinct　　　　C.practical　　　　　D.treatable 46.A.wonder　　　B.regret　　　　C.appreciate　　　　　D.criticise 47.A.created　　　B.imagined　　　C.discovered　　　　D.highlighted 48.A.died out　　　B.went by　　　C.carried on　　　　D.engaged in 49.A.disappointed　　　B.determined　　C.relieved　　　D.confused 50.A.facility　　　B.company　　　C.reserve　　　　　D.database 51.A.Armed　　　　B.Compared　　　　C.Struggled　　　　D.Interacted 52.A.develop　　　　B.find　　　　　C.cure　　　　　D.prevent 53.A.apply for　　　B.prepare for　　　C.search for　　D.stand for 54.A.sample　　　B.experience　　　C.tool　　　D.information 55.A.capable　　　B.flexible　　　C.remarkable　　　D.available 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jia Sixie, author of China's first agricultural encyclopedia(百科全书), was one of the leading agronomists(农学家) in Chinese history. In the late years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he wrote Qimin Yaoshu, the 　56　(early) and most complete agricultural encyclopedia still in existence in China.  Jia Sixie was born in Yidu County in Shandong Province. During his childhood, Jia's family wasn't wealthy, but had 　57　 rich collection of books. This provided the young Jia with an opportunity to read 　58　(wide) in ancient Chinese literature on agriculture. He completed Qimin Yaoshu during the wars, when he saw amounts of 　59　(suffer) the poor farmers underwent. 　60　 he believed deep down was that the development of agriculture could relieve the shortage of food and thus help those farmers out.  The book, which includes 92 chapters in 10 volumes and nearly 120,000 characters, 　61　(cover) a wide range of topics and records on production experience and methods. It includes advice on farming, fishery and sideline occupations(副业). In the book, he emphasized the importance of seed breeding 　62　 (generate) better varieties.  Qimin Yaoshu was first distributed mainly among common people. In the late Tang Dynasty, the book was introduced to Japan. So far, the book 　63　(translate) into several languages. It is considered 　64　 an important summary of farming knowledge. At present, it is still studied by Chinese 　65　(farmer) and students majoring in agriculture.  56.　　　　57.　　　　58.　　　　59.　　　　60.　　　  61.　　　　62.　　　　63.　　　　64.　　　　65.　　　  第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 　　假设你是学生科学院的李华,最近收到世界中学生科学大会的邀请函,请你在大会上汇报你参加的科普活动。请写一篇发言稿,内容包括: 1.活动的名称、地点、时间; 2.目的和内容; 3.你的感受。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Ladies and gentlemen, I'm Li Hua from China.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     　　Thank you for listening. 第二节(满分25分) 　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　Olivia, a senior high school student, had spent weeks working on her solar-powered robot for the school's Science Festival. It was her first time joining the festival, and she'd put extra effort into the robot—even adding a small camera to let it “explore” and send back photos. She planned to show it to her engineer mom, who'd been busy with work and hadn't seen her progress yet. Three days before the festival, disaster struck. Olivia was testing the robot on the classroom floor when her classmate accidentally knocked over a bookcase. A heavy textbook fell and hit the robot's arm, breaking the solar panel connection and bending its metal frame. Olivia picked it up, her hands trembling—all her hard work seemed ruined. She sat alone in the classroom after school, trying to fix it but only making the wires more tangled. The next morning, Olivia dragged the broken robot to school, hiding it in her locker. She didn't want anyone to see her failure, especially not Noah—a quiet classmate who'd built a winning robot last year. Noah often stayed after school to help others with their science projects, but Olivia was too proud to ask for help. During lunch, Olivia went to the science lab to check the robot again. Just as she sighed in frustration, Noah walked in with his notebook. He noticed the broken robot and stopped. “Is that your Science Festival project?” he asked softly. Olivia nodded, her voice small. “The solar panel is broken, and I can't fix the wires.” Noah knelt down to look at the robot. He pointed to the tangled wires and said, “I've fixed similar connections before. If you have extra parts, we might be able to repair it.” Olivia's eyes lit up—she'd kept spare solar panels at home. “I do!” she said. Noah smiled, “Meet me here after school. I'll bring my tools.” 注意:续写词数应为150个左右。 After school,Olivia arrived at the science lab with her spare parts,and Noah was already there with a toolbox.                                                                                                                                                                            Two hours later,the robot finally started working again.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 答案全解全析 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.B 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.D 30.C 31.B 32.D 33.A 34.B 35.C 36.D 37.F 38.A 39.B 40.C 41.B 42.A 43.C 44.B 45.D 46.A 47.C 48.B 49.B 50.D 51.A 52.A 53.C 54.C 55.D 56.earliest　57.a　58.widely　59.suffering　60.What　61.covers 62.to generate　63.has been translated　64.as　65.farmers 第二部分　阅读 第一节 A 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候变化对全球粮食生产的影响以及农民应对气候变暖的四种主要方式。 21.C　细节理解题。根据思维导图中的“Adjusting planting dates requires no additional costs or work.(调整种植日期无需额外成本或工作量。)”可知,如果农民的资金和劳动力短缺,他们可选择调整种植时间。故选C。 22.B　细节理解题。根据柱状图可知,在仅改变作物品种(Changing WHAT only)的情况下,水稻的产量增幅是最大的(15%)。故选B。 23.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If farmers in particular regions—especially those that are most food-insecure...So there is more we can do in the future.”可推知,我们在未来应该帮助有需要的农民,特别是那些粮食最不安全的地区的农民。故选A。 B 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了Ada Lovelace的事迹,展现了她对数学和科学知识的热爱。 24.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard.”可知,Ada小时候,她的母亲强迫她学习科学知识。故选D。 25.B　句意猜测题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“keeping the creative side of her from germinating”可知,母亲不愿Ada继承父亲多变的特质,所以强迫她学习科学知识,让她的创造力无法萌发,但Ada对数学和科学很感兴趣。画线句将poetry和science进行比较,说明她认为科学如诗歌般具有创造性。故选B。 26.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.”可知,Ada与Charles Babbage针对科学知识展开的交流决定了她以后的职业生涯。故选C。 27.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations.”可知,她翻译了一篇文章并添加了很多注释。故选D。 C 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,麦哲伦企鹅在返航时能根据洋流强度调整导航策略。 28.A　细节理解题。第一段第一句提到麦哲伦企鹅“随波逐流”的现象,随后第二句提到研究人员在PLOS Biology杂志上报告称,麦哲伦企鹅会根据洋流的强度改变它们回家的导航策略。由此可知,第一段引用研究报告呈现这一事实。故选A。 29.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but their following path depended on the day's ocean conditions”可知,后续导航路径由“每日的洋流状况”决定。故选D。 30.C　推理判断题。第四段中的“However, in strong currents, they adopted S-shaped paths following the area's natural current patterns... These longer trips not only provided extra fishing opportunities but saved energy”指出,在强洋流中麦哲伦企鹅采用“S形路径”,这种路径遵循该地区的自然洋流模式,能节省能量。由此推测,这是麦哲伦企鹅适应强洋流的策略。故选C。 31.B　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的“Magellanic penguins change their strategy for directing themselves home based on the strength of ocean currents”可知,麦哲伦企鹅会根据洋流的强度调整导航策略,B项“麦哲伦企鹅:聪明的洋流使用者”最能体现这一主旨。故选B。 D 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了得克萨斯州即将建造世界上首个3D打印酒店El Cosmico及其技术特点。 32.D　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Photos of the site show a massive 46.5-foot-wide and 15.5-foot-tall 3D printer laying layer upon layer of sand-colored material onto the foundations, creating sand-colored walls.”可知,本段主要介绍了3D打印酒店的建造过程。故选D。 33.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘I've never been able to build with such little restriction...’ Lambert tells Reuters' Evan Garcia. ‘It's an incredible way to build.’”可推测,Lambert认为这是一种令人难以相信的建造方式,所以她对3D打印技术是欣赏的。故选A。 34.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The mixture also uses local Texas materials colored to ‘fit into the landscape of Marfa’”可知,使用当地材料是为了使建筑与周围环境融为一体。故选B。 35.C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“ICON was founded in 2017, and its technology has been used to build 3D-printed homes in Texas and Mexico...The company also adopts the technology to help address America's affordable housing crisis.”可推测,ICON已经建造了3D打印房屋并获得了积极的反馈。故选C。 第二节 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨养成习惯所需的时间,否定“21天养成习惯”的普遍说法,强调个人时间线不同,重复、努力和环境提示很重要。 36.D　由上下文可知,设空处需衔接“养成习惯有难度”和“需要多少时间”。D项“养成一个习惯显然需要决心和时间。”符合语境,其中的“Acquiring a habit”承接上文“make it a habit”, “takes determination and time”引出下文“how much time”的疑问。故选D。 37.F　由上下文可知,设空处需体现“三周的时间看似易实现,但实际很少有人能做到”的转折。F项“然而,每年1月21日,很少有人能坚持自己的决心。”符合语境,其中的“Yet”表转折,“January 21”呼应上文的“A three-week time frame”,“few people can stick to their resolutions”呼应下文的“only 9 percent...stuck to their goals”。故选F。 38.A　由下文“No matter how long it is for any individual, repetition is the key to making it work.”可知,设空处需说明“每个人养成习惯的时间不同”。A项“每个人都有独特的习惯养成时间线。”符合语境,其中的“unique”呼应下文中的“individual”,引出“重复是关键”的共性原则。故选A。 39.B　由上下文可知,设空处需指出“21天理论”缺乏正式验证。B项“没有进行正式实验来证明这一点。”符合语境,其中的“this”指代上文“病人花费约21天适应新外貌”的观察结果,“No formal experiment”暗示该理论的局限性,为下文“该理论应用到生活中的其他诸多领域”的转折做铺垫。故选B。 40.C　由上文“For example, establishing a regular exercise habit in just three days seems too quick and unlikely, and a year seems too long.”可知,设空处需说明“21天被视为合理时间”。C项“人们可能很容易将21天视为一个现实的时间框架。”符合语境,承接上文“三天太快、一年太长”,解释了21天理论被广泛接受的原因。故选C。 第三部分　语言运用 第一节 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在儿子Noah患视网膜母细胞瘤后,Bryan通过研究照片,最终与其同事共同开发出相关智能手机应用程序来帮助检测眼疾的故事。 41.B　根据“One of Noah's eyes looked red with the camera flash, but the other had a small white spot.”可知,这种情况是“不正常的、不同寻常的”。本段最后一句中的“the strange phenomenon”也有提示作用。故选B。 42.A　根据“the strange phenomenon to their doctor”可知,Elizabeth是跟医生“说起”这个奇怪现象。故选A。 43.C　根据“a(n) 　43　of retinal cancer”并结合常识可知,眼睛出现异常反光是疾病的“迹象、征兆”。第二段中的“signs he'd missed”也有提示作用。故选C。  44.B　根据“months of treatment”和“could not save his eye”可知,这是一件“悲伤的、遗憾的”事。故选B。 45.D　根据“if caught early”可知,如果早发现那么Noah的病是“可医治的”。故选D。 46.A　根据“whether there were signs he'd missed”可知,此处是指Bryan“不禁想知道”。故选A。 47.C　根据“every baby picture of Noah”和“the first white spot”可知,此处是指“发现了”最早出现白点的照片。故选C。 48.B　根据“As time”和“appeared more frequently”可知,此处是指“随着时间的推移”。故选B。 49.B　根据“put his hard-won insights to good use”可知,此处是指Bryan下定决心把自己来之不易的见解好好利用起来。be determined to do sth.表示“决心做某事”,符合语境。故选B。 50.D　根据“charted the cancer's appearance in every photo”可知,此处是指他创建“数据库”。下一句里的“that data”也有提示作用。故选D。 51.A　根据“with that data”和“a smartphone app”可知,此处是指“有了那些数据”。(be) armed with...表示“配备有……”,符合语境。故选A。 52.A　根据“a smartphone app”可知,此处是指“开发”应用程序。故选A。 53.C　根据第二段中的“He went back over every baby picture of Noah he could find”可知,之前他是通过肉眼观察寻找白眼现象,现在是通过应用程序“寻找”照片里的白眼现象。故选C。 54.C　根据“It can scan the photos”和“the white eye”可知,这款应用程序是检查眼睛的“工具”。故选C。 55.D　根据“for free”和下一段中的“Not only could this software save vision, but it can save lives.”可知,此处是指这款应用程序可以免费使用。be available for free表示“可免费使用”,符合语境。故选D。 第二节 　　◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了贾思勰及其编写的《齐民要术》的内容和影响。 56.earliest　考查形容词的最高级。设空处与and后的形容词最高级most complete并列,所以也应用最高级形式。故填earliest。 57.a　考查冠词。此处是“a collection of”结构,表示“一批……(收藏品)”,rich的发音以辅音音素开头,所以应用不定冠词a。 58.widely　考查副词。设空处修饰动词read,在句中作状语,应用副词。故填widely。 59.suffering　考查名词。amounts of后通常接不可数名词,设空处应用不可数名词suffering,表示“苦难,痛苦”这一抽象概念。故填suffering。 60.What　考查主语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导主语从句,从句中believed后面缺少宾语,指的是后面提到的内容,表示“……的事物”,所以应用连接代词what引导。故填What。 61.covers　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作谓语,此处对著作进行介绍,表示一般事实,应用一般现在时;主语The book为第三人称单数,谓语也应用单数。故填covers。 62.to generate　考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,设空处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to generate。 63.has been translated　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,由时间状语So far可知应用现在完成时;主语the book与提示词translate之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为单数,助动词应用has。故填has been translated。 64.as　考查介词。consider...as...意为“认为……是……”,为固定搭配;此处为其被动形式be considered as“被认为是”。故填as。 65.farmers　考查名词复数。设空处与and后的students并列,也应用名词复数。故填farmers。 第四部分　写作 第一节 One possible version: Ladies and gentlemen,  　　I'm Li Hua from China. I took part in an activity named “Science Around Us” in the lecture hall last week. Its aim is to arouse students' passion for science and enrich our school life.  At the beginning, a lecture related to the development of science was given, from which I benefited a lot. Besides, we watched videos that introduced common physical phenomena in our lives. Finally, many aspects of the great scientists, their achievements and contributions in particular, were introduced to us. Through the activity, not only did I master some basic and practical skills, but my awareness of science was also raised. Thank you for listening.  第二节 One possible version: After school,Olivia arrived at the science lab with her spare parts, and Noah was already there with a toolbox. He first used a small screwdriver to take apart the broken frame, and then showed Olivia how to untangle the wires gently. “We need to connect the red wire to the positive terminal,” he explained, guiding her hand. Olivia followed carefully, and soon the new solar panel was attached. Noah even helped her adjust the robot's arm to make it more flexible. Two hours later,the robot finally started working again. It moved forward slowly, and the camera began taking photos—just like before. Olivia jumped up in excitement. “Thank you so much, Noah! I couldn't have done this alone.” Noah shrugged, smiling. “Helping others makes the festival more fun.” When Olivia showed the robot at the festival, it won third place. She took a photo of it with her mom, and later sent a copy to Noah. She realized that asking for help wasn't a sign of weakness—it was how friendships and great projects were built. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $