Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元检测试题 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元检测试题 2026-2027学年初中英语人教版八年级下册 一、单项选择 1．Mount Qomolangma is ________ mountain in the world. A．high B．higher C．much higher D．the highest 2．The Yellow River is the second ________ river in China. A．longest B．longer C．long D．the longest 3．The Dead Sea is the lowest place ________ earth. A．in B．on C．at D．of 4．The Sahara Desert is about 9,000,000 square kilometres ________ size. A．of B．with C．in D．for 5．Lake Baikal is the deepest ________ lake in the world. A．freshwater B．salt C．dirty D．small 6．—________ is the Mariana Trench?　—It is about 11,000 metres deep. A．How long B．How far C．How much D．How deep 7．China's Fendouzhe dived ________ than many other submersibles. A．deep B．deeper C．deepest D．the deepest 8．Climbers must deal with thin air, high cliffs and ________ weather. A．change B．changed C．changeable D．changing 9．Liu Lianman allowed his teammates to step on his ________. A．shoulders B．hands C．feet D．knees 10．In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to ________ its height. A．make B．measure C．reach D．climb 11．The Great Barrier Reef ________ many islands. A．include B．includes C．including D．included 12．—________ is the Nile River?　—It is 6,671 kilometres long. A．How often B．How soon C．How far D．How long 13．The Amazon Rainforest is often ________ "the lungs of the earth". A．called B．calling C．call D．calls 14．—What's the biggest desert in the world?　—________ A．It is in Africa. B．It is the Sahara Desert. C．It is very hot. D．It is a desert. 15．We should protect these natural wonders ________. A．at first B．at least C．at all costs D．at once 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world's 16 waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went 17 to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew 18 and louder. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as 19 as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special 20 at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a 21 of the waterfall. It was the scariest but also the most 22 experience of our trip! Victoria Falls is one of the greatest 23 of the world. It is 24 1,700 metres wide and about 108 metres high. Every year thousands of travellers come here to see it with 25 own eyes. 16 A．large B．larger C．big D．largest 17 A．closer B．close C．closest D．closely 18 A．loud B．loudly C．more loud D．louder 19 A．long B．much C．far D．well 20 A．pool B．lake C．river D．sea 21 A．piece B．kind C．lot D．part 22 A．amazed B．amazing C．amaze D．amazement 23 A．wonder B．wonderful C．wonders D．wonderfully 24 A．below B．over C．under D．at 25 A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. On the highest place on earth, you will feel like you are able to touch the sky. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to –30 degrees. Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the northern side. Mountain climbers even called that way the "Death Road", but a Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. On 24 May 1960, climbers Liu Lianman, Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Gongbu arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders. Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up, and they made it past the Second Step. At 4:20 a.m. on 25 May, the Chinese national flag flew above the world's highest mountain for the first time. In 1975, another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research. This time, they brought a ladder to the Second Step. Until 2007, almost all climbers from the northern side used this "Chinese Ladder" to reach the top much faster. In 2020, a Chinese research team went to Qomolangma to measure its height: 8,848.86 metres. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top successfully, but many fail. Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world? It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Or, as the English explorer George Mallory put it, it is simply "because it's there"! 26．Which is NOT mentioned as a difficulty on Qomolangma? A．Thin air. B．High cliffs. C．Changeable weather. D．Heavy snow. 27．What did climbers call the way up the northern side? A．The Death Road. B．The Second Step. C．The Chinese Ladder. D．The Sky Road. 28．How did Liu Lianman help his teammates? A．He gave them his coat. B．He let them step on his shoulders. C．He carried the ladder. D．He cooked food for them. 29．When did the Chinese national flag first fly above Qomolangma? A．On 24 May 1960. B．On 25 May 1960. C．In 1975. D．In 2020. 30．Why do people still risk their lives to climb Qomolangma? A．Because it is very cheap. B．Because they want to be famous. C．Because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. D．Because the weather is fine. B Wonders of Nature — Fact Files Here are four of the world's greatest natural wonders. Work in groups, choose one and make a poster about it! 1．The Amazon Rainforest · Where: mainly in Brazil, Peru, and Colombia · Size: about 6 million square kilometres — the world's biggest rainforest · Special facts: it has the largest variety of plants and animals in the world; people call it "the lungs of the earth" 2．The Sahara Desert · Where: northern Africa · Size: about 9,000,000 square kilometres — the biggest desert in the world · Special facts: temperatures can reach 50 degrees during the day and fall below zero at night 3．Lake Baikal · Where: Siberia, Russia · Depth: 1,620 metres — the deepest freshwater lake in the world · Surface: 31,500 square kilometres, bigger than the country of Belgium · Special facts: over 1,200 different types of animals live in and around it 4．The Great Barrier Reef · Where: the northeastern coast of Australia · Size: 345,000 square kilometres — the biggest coral reef in the world · Special facts: it is alive! You can see the largest living structure on earth, with colourful fish, turtles, and sharks Which wonder would you like to visit? Remember: we should protect them at all costs! When you make your poster, you can follow these steps. First, choose one wonder and find out where it is. Second, write down its size in large numbers, such as "about 6 million square kilometres". Third, add one or two special facts that make it different from other places. Finally, draw a map or stick a photo on your poster so that your classmates can see it clearly. 31．Which is the world's biggest rainforest? A．The Amazon Rainforest. B．The Sahara Desert. C．Lake Baikal. D．The Great Barrier Reef. 32．How big is the Sahara Desert? A．About 6 million square kilometres. B．About 9,000,000 square kilometres. C．About 31,500 square kilometres. D．About 345,000 square kilometres. 33．How deep is Lake Baikal? A．1,620 metres. B．8,848.86 metres. C．11,000 metres. D．108 metres. 34．Why is the Great Barrier Reef described as "alive"? A．Because it moves every day. B．Because it is the largest living structure on earth. C．Because people live on it. D．Because it grows rice. 35．Where can you probably read this text? A．In a geography project sheet. B．In a cookbook. C．In a history novel. D．On a train ticket. C The Great Barrier Reef: An Amazing Underwater World Do you love the ocean? Do you want to visit one of the natural wonders of the world? If so, visit the Great Barrier Reef! Located on the northeastern coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is one of the most amazing places to visit. It is the biggest coral reef in the world. It takes up an area of 345,000 square kilometres and includes many islands and white sand beaches. The Great Barrier Reef is also alive! If you visit it, you will see the largest living structure on earth. Here, you can swim or dive in the clear water and see coral, plants, and colourful fish. If you dive deeper, you might even see large fish, turtles, and sharks. For people who love the ocean, visiting the Great Barrier Reef is the dream of a lifetime! Qinghai Lake: China's Largest Lake Would you like to visit a lake that is bluer than the sky? Come to Qinghai Lake! Qinghai Lake is a salt lake in Qinghai Province, China. It is the largest lake in China, with an area of about 4,340 square kilometres. Every summer thousands of birds fly here, and the lake turns into a busy home for wildlife. If you visit Qinghai Lake, you can photograph wildlife, visit the islands, or ride a bike or a horse along the lake. The best time to visit is from June to August, when the weather is cool and the flowers are in bloom. Don't forget your camera! 36．Where is the Great Barrier Reef? A．In Brazil. B．On the northeastern coast of Australia. C．In Russia. D．In China. 37．What can you do at the Great Barrier Reef? A．Ride a horse. B．Climb a high mountain. C．Swim or dive in the clear water. D．Ski on the sand. 38．How large is Qinghai Lake? A．About 4,340 square kilometres. B．About 31,500 square kilometres. C．About 345,000 square kilometres. D．About 6 million square kilometres. 39．When is the best time to visit Qinghai Lake? A．From January to March. B．In December. C．In early spring. D．From June to August. 40．What is the writer's purpose of writing the two texts? A．To tell a funny story. B．To advertise two natural wonders. C．To report a piece of news. D．To give a science lesson. 四、任务型阅读 下面是五处自然奇观的介绍。请根据五位同学的需要，为他们选择最合适的去处。 A．Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on earth. It is 8,848.86 metres high and it is still growing taller. Only the best climbers can reach the top, because the air is thin and the weather is changeable. B．The Sahara Desert is the biggest desert in the world. It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. During the day it can be as hot as 50 degrees, but at night the temperature may fall below zero. C．Lake Baikal in Siberia, Russia, is the deepest freshwater lake in the world. To reach the bottom, you must dive 1,620 metres. Over 1,200 types of animals live in and around this cold lake. D．The Great Barrier Reef is the biggest coral reef in the world. It is alive, and you can see the largest living structure on earth here. Swim or dive in the clear water and you will meet colourful fish, turtles, and sharks. E．The Amazon Rainforest is the world's biggest rainforest. It covers about 6 million square kilometres and has the largest variety of plants and animals in the world. People call it "the lungs of the earth". 41．Peter loves climbing mountains and dreams of standing on the highest place on earth. 42．Lucy is writing a report about the largest desert and its temperature changes. 43．Tom is interested in freshwater lakes and wants to know about the deepest one. 44．Mary enjoys diving and hopes to see colourful fish, turtles and sharks. 45．David wants to study the rainforest with the largest variety of plants and animals. 五、完成句子 根据要求完成下列句子，每空一词。 46．The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the longest river in China? 47．Mount Qomolangma is 8,848.86 metres high.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ is Mount Qomolangma? 48．The Nile is longer than the Yellow River.（改为同义句） The Yellow River is ________ ________ the Nile. 49．The Amazon Rainforest is bigger than any other rainforest in the world.（改为同义句） The Amazon Rainforest is ________ ________ rainforest in the world. 50．根据汉语提示完成句子：我们应该不惜一切代价保护这些自然奇观。 We should ________ these natural wonders ________ ________ ________. 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，每空一词。 Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest w 51 of the world. It is the h 52 mountain on earth, and its h 53 is 8,848.86 metres. Every year many c 54 try to reach the top, but the conditions on the mountain are terrible. Temperatures can fall to –30 d 55 . The air is thin and the weather is c 56 . In 1960, a Chinese team climbed to the top from the n 57 side for the first time. Liu Lianman even let his teammates step on his s 58 . In 2020, another Chinese team went there to m 59 its height. Why do people still r 60 their lives to climb it? As George Mallory said, it is simply "because it's there". 七、书面表达 学校英语俱乐部将举办“Natural Wonders of China”海报展。请你用英语写一段介绍文字，推荐一处中国的自然奇观（如青海湖、长江、塔克拉玛干沙漠等）。 提示：1．What is the natural wonder?　2．Where is it and how big / long / high is it? 　　　3．What is special about it?　4．What can visitors do there? 要求：1．包含所给要点，可适当发挥；2．词数 80 左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 D A B C A D B C A B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B D A B C D A D C A 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 D B C B C D A B B C 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 A B A B A B C A D B 题号 41 42 43 44 45 答案 A B C D E 五、完成句子 46．Which is　47．How high　48．shorter than 49．the biggest　50．protect; at all costs 六、短文填空 51．wonders　52．highest　53．height　54．climbers　55．degrees 56．changeable　57．northern　58．shoulders　59．measure　60．risk 1．D 句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。 【详解】由 in the world 可知用最高级，形容词最高级前加 the，故选D。 2．A 句意：黄河是中国第二长河。 【详解】“the + 序数词 + 最高级”表示“第几最……”，故选A。 3．B 句意：死海是地球上最低的地方。 【详解】on earth 意为“在地球上”，为固定搭配，故选B。 4．C 句意：撒哈拉沙漠面积约 900 万平方公里。 【详解】表示“在面积方面”用 in size，故选C。 5．A 句意：贝加尔湖是世界上最深的淡水湖。 【详解】freshwater 意为“淡水的”，贝加尔湖为淡水湖，故选A。 6．D 句意：——马里亚纳海沟有多深？——大约 11,000 米深。 【详解】答语为深度，用 How deep 提问，故选D。 7．B 句意：中国的“奋斗者”号潜水深度超过许多其他潜水器。 【详解】由 than 可知用比较级 deeper，故选B。 8．C 句意：登山者还要应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和多变的天气。 【详解】changeable weather 意为“多变的天气”，故选C。 9．A 句意：刘连满让队友踩在自己的肩膀上。 【详解】由教材故事可知是 shoulders，故选A。 10．B 句意：2020 年，中国考察队前往珠峰测量其高度。 【详解】measure 意为“测量”，故选B。 11．B 句意：大堡礁包括许多岛屿。 【详解】主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用 includes，故选B。 12．D 句意：——尼罗河有多长？——6,671 公里长。 【详解】询问长度用 How long，故选D。 13．A 句意：亚马孙雨林常被称为“地球之肺”。 【详解】be called 意为“被称为”，故选A。 14．B 句意：——世界上最大的沙漠是什么？——是撒哈拉沙漠。 【详解】问句询问名称，故选B。 15．C 句意：我们应该不惜一切代价保护这些自然奇观。 【详解】at all costs 意为“不惜一切代价”，故选C。 16．D 句意：游览世界上最大的瀑布之一是一次奇妙的经历。 【详解】“one of + 最高级 + 复数名词”结构，故选D。 17．A 句意：当我们走近瀑布时，水声渐渐变大。 【详解】表示“更近”用比较级 closer，故选A。 18．D 句意：水声慢慢地变得越来越大。 【详解】“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，故选D。 19．C 句意：它一直延伸到目光所及之处。 【详解】as far as the eye could see 意为“目之所及”，故选C。 20．A 句意：后来我们坐在瀑布顶端一个特别的水池里。 【详解】由教材原文 special pool 可知选A。 21．D 句意：在那里我们感到水流从身边奔涌而过，成了瀑布的一部分。 【详解】become a part of 意为“成为……的一部分”，故选D。 22．B 句意：这是我们旅途中最吓人也最奇妙的经历！ 【详解】修饰事物用 -ing 形容词 amazing，故选B。 23．C 句意：维多利亚瀑布是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。 【详解】“one of + 复数名词”，故选C。 24．B 句意：它宽 1,700 多米，高约 108 米。 【详解】表示“超过”用 over，故选B。 25．C 句意：每年成千上万的游客来这里亲眼看看它。 【详解】with one's own eyes 中需用形容词性物主代词 their，故选C。 26．D 句意：哪一项不是文中提到的珠峰困难？ 【详解】文中提到 thin air、high cliffs、changeable weather，未提大雪，故选D。 27．A 句意：登山者把北坡这条路叫作什么？ 【详解】由第二段 called that way the "Death Road" 可知选A。 28．B 句意：刘连满是怎样帮助队友的？ 【详解】由第三段 Liu allowed his teammates to step on his shoulders 可知选B。 29．B 句意：中国国旗第一次飘扬在珠峰之上是什么时候？ 【详解】由第三段 4:20 a.m. on 25 May 可知选B。 30．C 句意：为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险攀登珠峰？ 【详解】由末段 human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped 可知选C。 31．A 句意：世界上最大的雨林是哪一个？ 【详解】由资料卡 1 中 the world's biggest rainforest 可知选A。 32．B 句意：撒哈拉沙漠有多大？ 【详解】由资料卡 2 中 about 9,000,000 square kilometres 可知选B。 33．A 句意：贝加尔湖有多深？ 【详解】由资料卡 3 中 1,620 metres 可知选A。 34．B 句意：为什么大堡礁被称为“活的”？ 【详解】由资料卡 4 中 the largest living structure on earth 可知选B。 35．A 句意：你最可能在哪里读到这篇文章？ 【详解】这是地理项目用的自然奇观资料卡，故选A。 36．B 句意：大堡礁在哪里？ 【详解】由第二段 Located on the northeastern coast of Australia 可知选B。 37．C 句意：在大堡礁你可以做什么？ 【详解】由第三段 you can swim or dive in the clear water 可知选C。 38．A 句意：青海湖有多大？ 【详解】由第六段 an area of about 4,340 square kilometres 可知选A。 39．D 句意：游览青海湖的最佳时间是什么时候？ 【详解】由末段 The best time to visit is from June to August 可知选D。 40．B 句意：作者写这两篇文字的目的是什么？ 【详解】两篇都是推荐自然奇观的广告，故选B。 41．A 句意：Peter 喜欢登山，梦想站在地球最高处。 【详解】世界上最高的山是珠穆朗玛峰，故选A。 42．B 句意：Lucy 正在写关于最大沙漠及其气温变化的报告。 【详解】撒哈拉沙漠昼夜温差大，故选B。 43．C 句意：Tom 对淡水湖感兴趣，想了解最深的那个。 【详解】贝加尔湖是世界最深的淡水湖，故选C。 44．D 句意：Mary 喜欢潜水，希望看到彩色鱼、海龟和鲨鱼。 【详解】大堡礁可以看到这些海洋生物，故选D。 45．E 句意：David 想研究动植物种类最多的雨林。 【详解】亚马孙雨林物种最丰富，故选E。 61．例文： Qinghai Lake is a salt lake in Qinghai Province, China. It is the largest lake in China, with an area of about 4,340 square kilometres. Every summer thousands of birds fly here, so the lake becomes a busy home for wildlife. If you visit Qinghai Lake, you can photograph the wildlife, visit the islands, or ride a bike or a horse along the lake. The best time to visit is from June to August, when the weather is cool and the flowers are in bloom. Qinghai Lake is one of the greatest wonders of nature. We should protect it at all costs. 【详解】写作步骤 第一步：审题。文体为自然奇观介绍（海报文字），以一般现在时为主。 第二步：列要点。名称与位置 → 大小 / 长度 / 高度等数据 → 特别之处 → 游客可以做什么。 第三步：连句成文。注意使用最高级（the largest / the deepest）与数据表达（about 4,340 square kilometres）。 第四步：检查。核对词数、要点是否齐全，以及比较级与最高级形式是否正确。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $