专题十五 动词的非调语形式-【荣恒专项】2026年初中英语语法专项训练（初中通用）

第二部分句法篇 专题十五 动词的非谓语形式 Welcome 欢迎来到“动词的非谓语形式”站，在这里，你需要完成下列打 卡任务。 动名词 动词不定式 分词 Warm up 在开始任务之前，进行一下热身活动吧！ 9语法初体验 请在下文中圈出（○）动词的非谓语形式，并思考它们所作的句子成分。 Nowadays,artificial intelligence(AI)is changing our lives in many ways.Using AI tools wisely can help us study more efficiently.Many students want to improve their grades with the help of AI.However,there is a risk of spending too much time on it.Believed by some experts,AI is not a replacement for human thinking. Compared to traditional learning methods,AI offers personalized suggestions.To solve a maths problem quickly,I once asked an AI chatbot for help.Knowing the way to use AI properly is an important skill for the future.The first step towards becoming a smart user is to understand its limits.I still remember seeing a news report about AI creating art-that was truly amazing. Start 热身结束，任务正式开始。 非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式，主要 有动词不定式、动名词、分词这三类。它们没有人称和数的变化。 考点/个动词不定式★★★★☆ ©考点精梳理 1.基本形式 to+动词原形（肯定） not to+动词原形（否定) (157) 号初中英语语法就是很简单凸 2.句法功能 （1)作主语（起名词或代词的作用) 动词不定式作主语放在句首时，谓语动词 To learn English well is not 动词不定 用第三人称单数形式 easy.学好英语不容易。 式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用t作形式主语， It is not easy to learn English 真正的主语是动词不定式，置于后面 well.学好英语不容易。 (2)作宾语 ①动词不定式直接作宾语 公式1：及物动词+动词不定式 I decided to change my eating habits.我决定改变我的饮食习惯。 公式2：介词+动词不定式 OIt's better to give than to receive..给予比接受更好。 ②用t作形式宾语 公式：主语+动词+t+宾语补足语+动词不定式 ◎I found it difficult to learn maths well.我发现学好数学很难。 ⑧知识拓展 常用it作形式宾语的动词有think、find、feel、consider、regard等。 (3)作宾语补足语 多数及物动词后接带o的动词不定式作宾语补足语，宾语与动词不定式构成 复合宾语。 O She told me to drink plenty of water.她告诉我要喝大量的水。 They have invited me to go to Paris with them.他们邀请我和他们一同去巴黎。 适用于此形式的常见动词：建议鼓励及命令(advise, encourage,.order);允许警告教要求（allow,warm, teach,ask);告诉邀请作宾补（tell,invite)。 158 第二部分句法篇 (4)作状语 分类 规则 示例 动词不定式作目的状语时常置于 In order to finish the writing,he 作目的状语 句首，也可以置于句末，常用“in worked late into the night.为了完成 order/so as+不定式”结构 写作，他工作到深夜。 动词不定式常用在glad、somy、 作原因状语 excited、disappointed等表示情绪的 I'm sorry to keep you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等这么久。 词后面，表示原因 only to、enough to、t too.to、so..asto It's warm enough to eat outside.天气 作结果状语 和such.asto等词组中的动词不定 足够暖和，可以在外面吃饭。 式用来表示结果 (5)作表语 动词不定式位于系动词之后，作表语，表示主语的具体动作或目的等。 My dream is to be a basketball player..我的梦想是成为一名篮球运动员。 (6)作定语 被修饰词是不 I have a lot of work to do this Friday. 动词不定式作定 定式的逻辑宾语 这个星期五我有很多工作要做。 语（要后置） 被修饰词是不定 He was the best man to do the job 式的逻辑主语 他是做这份工作的最佳人选。 3.常用结构和句型 (1)特殊疑问词+动词不定式（短语） 动词不定式可以和疑问代词(who、what、which、whom等)及疑问副词(when、 how、where)连用，构成不定式短语，这种结构相当于名词，在句中充当主语、宾语、 表语等成分。 Scientists still don't understand how the butterflies know when to fly south. 家们依然不明白蝴蝶怎么知道何时向南迁徙。 (2)It is adj.+for/of sb to do sth. 该句型意为“做某事对某人来说是…的/某人做某事是…的”。当形容 词表示事物的性质时，中间的介词用fo;当形容词表示人的品质、情感、态度时， (159 ,产初中英语语法就是很简单凸 中间的介词用of。 It is necessary for us to do sports..做运动对我们来说是必要的。 ◎It is kind of you to try to save the little dog.你尽力去解救那只小狗，你真好。 4.不定式符号to的省略 (1)在感官动词和使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式在主动语态中省略o。 “我们感官动词家族 需要不定式作宾补时， 根本就用不着to。 兄弟，咱们是亲戚。 被抛弃了，好伤心。 hear see 以notice have let make ○温馨提示 感官动词或使役动词用于被动语态时，要还原to(1et一般不用于 被动语态)。 (2)动词不定式在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语时，可以省略to,也可以 不省略to。 O The college's aim is to help students(to)achieve their aspirations.大学的目标是 帮助学生实现他们的抱负。 (3)介词but和except表示“除了”时，若它们之前有动词do的任何形式，其 后的不定式要省略to;若无，则要保留to。 I had no choice but to sign the contract..我别无选择，只好签了合同。 The tourists have nothing to do but take pictures of each other.游客们无事可做， 只有相互拍照。 ®考点对点练 单项选择。 1. students'study more effectively,our school has introduced a new online learning system. A.Make B.Making C.To make D.Made 160 第二部分句法篇 2.Simon is friendly Anna.He does everything he can her around Beijing A.to;show B.to;to show C.of;show D.of;to show 3.攀枝花中考一A highway to Yumen will be put into use soon. -What great news!It will take me less time back home. A.go B.to go C.going D.to going 4.西藏中考Our teacher advises us ourselves in the sunshine. A.enjoy B.to enjoy C.enjoyed D.enjoying 二根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1.上周，我去敬老院和老人们分享了一些实用技能。 Last week,I visited an old people's home some useful skills the old. 2.计划时间就是节约时间。 To time is to time. 3.他们认识到面对困难时不放弃很重要。 They realised that it was important not when facing difficulties. 4.在阿里工作室，他们学习如何制作比萨饼。 In Ali's workshop,they learn how pizzas. 5.她想提醒我明天是她的生日。 She wanted me that tomorrow is her birthday. 6.她温馨的厨房是暖身、感受季节更迭的绝佳去处。 Her friendly kitchen was the perfect place and enjoy a taste of the changing seasons. Good! 母动名词 动词不定式 合分词 161 号初中英语语法就是很简单凸 考点2动名词★★★☆☆ ®考点精梳理 1.动名词的句法功能 （1)作主语 作主语时，动名词往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验，谓语动词用单数。常用 句式： It is no use/good doing sth.做某事没有用/是不好的。 It is fun/worthwhile/useful doing sth.做某事是有趣的/值得的/有用的。 It is a waste(of.)doing sth.做某事是浪费(…)。 It is no good talking about others'faults.谈论别人的缺点是不好的。 (2)作宾语 作宾语时，动名词可跟在介词或某些动词后。 你知道哪些动词后面 当然知道！avoid、miss、advise、 跟动名词作宾语吗？ finish、enjoy、suggest、keep、mind等。 I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议换一种方法做此事。 I have to finish reading a book and give a report next Monday.下周一我必须读 完一本书并写一篇报告。 (3)作表语 我用来说明你的内容，多数情况下， 我们可以互换位置。 0g0 0g0 生语 动名词 +系动词+ (表语 His hobby is planting flowers.他的业余爱好是种花。 162 第二部分句法篇 (4)作定语 动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种用途或与之有关的动作，常置于被修饰词的 前面。 O This sleeping bag is very warm.这个睡袋很暖和。 2.动名词作宾语与不定式作宾语的区别 动名词作宾语一般表示习惯性动作，不定式则侧重具体的一次性动作。有些 动词后用二者均可。 (1)有些及物动词后面既可以接动名词作宾语，又可以接不定式作宾语，意义 几乎没有区别。常用的该类动词有begin、start、hate、like、love、prefer等。 I start doing/to do homework this afternoon.我今天下午就开始做作业。 O He prefers living/to live in the countryside.他更喜欢住在乡下。 (2)有些动词后既可跟动名词作宾语，也可跟不定式作宾语，但意义差别很大。 stop doing sth停止做某事 sth need(s)doing某事需要被做（被动含义） stop to do sth停下来去做某事 need to do sth需要去做某事（主动含义) try doing sth尝试做某事 regret doing sth后悔做过某事（已做） try to do sth尽力做某事 regret to do sth遗憾去做某事（未做） forget doing sth忘记做过某事（已做)】 forget to do sth忘记去做某事（未做） remember doing sth记得做过某事（已做） remember to do sth记得去做某事（未做) continue doing sth继续做同一件事（未完成) continue to do sth继续做另外一件事（已经完成一件事) ®考点对点练 一单项选择。 1.西藏中考We should practise English as much as possible so that we can speak it better. A.speak B.speaking C.to speak D.speaks (163 初中英语语法就是很简单凸 2.My mother suggests a picnic in the park this weekend. A.have B.has C.having D.to have 3.His constant makes his family worried. A.coughing B.to cough C.coughs D.coughed 4.Sometimes you have to stop too much and just go where your heart takes you. A.think B.to think C.thinking D.thought 5.One of his bad habits is junk food. A.eats B.eat C.eating D.for eating 6.The winner of the competition is a boy Tom. A.speaking;calling B.spoken;called C.speaking;called D.spoken;calling 二用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.He regretted (misunderstand)her when they were at college. 2. (prepare)an emergency kit can help save your life. 3.The house has five types of dictionaries.(publish) 4. (eat)too much isn't good for you. 5.He couldn't help (laugh)when he heard the story. 6.I still have difficulty in (speak)English. Great! 动名词 动词不定式 日分词 考点/3， 分词★★★☆☆ ®考点精梳理 1.分词的分类 分词分为现在分词和过去分词。 164 第二部分句法篇 我们俩不同！在语法上，我表示主动意 在语法上，我表示被动意义；在时 义；在时间上，我表示正在进行的动作。 间上，我表示已经完成的动作。 Got ® ei 现在 过去 分词 分词 a box containing tea装茶叶的盒子 the tea contained in a box装在盒子里的茶叶 O the developing country发展中国家 the developed country发达国家 2.分词的句法功能 (1)作状语 分词作状语时，在句中表示时间、原因、结果等，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰 的词。 Seeing those pictures,she remembered her childhood.看到那些画，她想起了自 己的童年。（作时间状语) Seen from the hill,,the city is beautiful..从山顶看，这座城市非常美丽。（作方 式状语) O Seriously injured,she had to be taken to hospital.由于伤得严重，她必须被送往 医院。（作原因状语) She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground,breaking it into pieces. 非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，摔成了碎片。（作结果状语) (2)作表语 现在分词作表语，通常说明 This book is very interesting and encouraging. 分词作 主语所具有的特征或性质 这本书非常有趣且很鼓舞人。 表语 Everything was about robots and I'm not 过去分词作表语，通常 interested in that..一切都是关于机器人的， 说明主语的状态或感受 而我对此不感兴趣。 (165) 号初中英语语法就是很简单凸 (3)作定语 现在分词作定语，表 The boy standing under the tree is Tom. 示主动、进行的意义 站在树下的那个男孩是汤姆。 分词作 定语 过去分词作定语，表 The books left are for my students. 示被动、完成的意义 留下的书是给我的学生们的。 (4)作宾语补足语 现在分词可用在感官动词 (hear、notice、watch、feel Jim sat up when he heard someone smell、observe)人使役动词(have、 knocking on his door.当吉姆听到有人 get、leave、keep)以及fnd、 敲他的门时，他就坐了起来。 分词作 catch等动词后面作补足语 宾语补 足语 过去分词作补足语，与被补充 My brother had his hair cut as soon as the 说明的宾语或主语之间是被动 final exam ended.期末考试一结束，我 关系或者表示动作已经完成 哥哥就去剪了头发。 ⊙易混辨析 interesting（事物)有趣的 exciting（事物)令人兴奋的 interested(人)感兴趣的 excited(人)感到兴奋的 frightening（事物)令人害怕的 worrying(事物)令人担忧的 frightened（人)感到害怕的 worried（人)焦虑的 pleasing（事物)令人高兴的 surprising（事物)令人惊讶的 pleased(人)感到高兴的 surprised(人)感到惊讶的 考点对点练 一从方框中选择合适的分词完成句子。 visiting visited 166 第二部分句法篇 1.-What do you think of the new museum? -It's excellent.It's worth a second time. leaving left 2.We should ask Lily to join us.Otherwise,she will feel out. frustrated frustrating 3.I found it too hard to understand what my English teacher said in class.I was very running run 4.There are people everywhere.Do you know what happened just now? catching caught 5.We must act quickly to save the people in the flood. doing done 6.I haven't seen meat in this way before.It tastes so delicious. 马连词成句。 1.tour,guide,there,is,a,the,history,of,the,telling,place 2.cleaning,street cleaners,the street,saw,they,some 3.must,wood,things,made,save,we,the,and,not,buy,of,trees 4.the,could,make,you,understood,yourself,in,USA 5.snowballs,each other,we,running,throw,laughing,at,and Amazing 动名词 动词不定式 分词 167 ,产初中英语语法就是很简单凸 Passed 恭喜你己经完成本站任务，接下来挑战一下任务副本吧！ 任务副本 ⑨语篇情境练 语篇填空。 围话题风雨来袭，温情相伴 ©难度★★★☆☆ ①建议用时5分钟 阅读短文，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，补全短文。 On the morning of April 10th,the news on TV reported that a strong wind was coming to the area.The expert advised that people should stay in houses 1. (keep)safe,warning them not 2. (go)out. In the afternoon,the sky turned dark.And the wind was much stronger than it was in the morning.Everyone in the city became busy,3. (make)preparations for the coming storm.Many people were buying food for the next three windy days while others were making their way to the subway stations or the bus stations. The school finished earlier,so Zhang Wei was at home at the time of the big wind. He was closing the windows when he noticed a cat outside.It was so small that the wind possibly blew it away.Zhang Wei opened the windows again and tried to let the cat 4. (come)in.But it was too scared to move.How 5. (save)the cat?After some thought,Zhang Wei had an idea.He put some chicken in his hand and said,"Here,Kitty,dinner time!"Finally,the cat walked over.Zhang Wei picked it up quickly and put it in the house. The strong wind didn't die down()until the third day.When Zhang Wei went out,he found that some windows broke and rubbish was everywhere because of the wind.Zhang Wei joined the neighbours 6. (help)clean up the neighborhood together.Although the wind broke things apart,it brought people closer. Go on 能来到这里，你已经很厉害了，相信你已经有了很大的收获，请 前往“主从复合句”站继续打卡吧！ 168