专题十四 被动语态-【荣恒专项】2026年初中英语语法专项训练（初中通用）

号初中英语语法就是很简单凸 专题十四 被动语态 Welcome 欢迎来到“被动语态”站，在这里，你需要完成下列到打卡任务。 被动语态的用法 被动语态的构成 主动形式表示被动意义 Yarm up 在开始任务之前，进行一下热身活动吧！ 9语法初体验 主动句和被动句就像语法镜像，表达的意思相同。请你把左右两边意思一致的 句子用线连起来，初步感受两种句式的对应关系吧！ A.Many tall buildings are built by workers 1.People use smart robots in many families. 2.My mother made a delicious cake yesterday. in the city every year. B.A delicious cake was made by my mother 3.We will hold a science fair in our school yesterday. next month. 4.Our teacher told us an interesting story C.Smart robots are used in many families. D.An interesting story was told to us by our this morning teacher this morning. 5.Workers build many tall buildings in the E.A science fair will be held in our school city every year. next month. Start 热身结束，任务正式开始。 考点/1 被动语态的构成★★★☆☆ ®考点精梳理 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。初中阶段主要考查一 般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。 148 第二部分句法篇 1.一般现在时的被动语态 句式 结构 示例 English is spoken by people all over 肯定句 主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他， the world.英语被全世界的人使用。 English is not spoken by people in this 否定句 主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他. small country.这个小国家的人不说 英语。 -Is English spoken here? 一般疑 Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+其他？ 这里说英语吗？ 问句及 肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are. -Yes,it is./No,it isn't. 其答语 否定回答：No,主语+am not/isn't/aren't, 是的。/不是。 特殊疑 疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+ What is often spoken in your family? 问句 其他？ 你们家经常说什么语言？ 2.一般过去时的被动语态 句式 结构 示例 The window was broken yesterday. 肯定句 主语+was/were+过去分词+其他 窗户昨天被打碎了。 The window was not broken yesterday. 否定句 主语+was/were+not+过去分词+其他 窗户昨天没有被打碎。 Were the trees planted last spring? 一般疑 Was/Were+主语+过去分词+其他？ 这些树是去年春天种的吗？ 问句及 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. -Yes,they were./No,they weren't. 其答语 否定回答：No,主语+wasn't/weren't. 是的，它们是。/不，它们不是。 When was the bridge built? 特殊疑 疑问词+was/were+主语+过去分词+ 这座桥是什么时候建的？ 问句 其他？ Why was the football match cancelled? 那场足球比赛为什么被取消了？ 149 ,产初中英语语法就是很简单凸 3.一般将来时的被动语态 句式 结构 示例 A new library will be built next year. 主语+will be+过去分词+其他 明年将建一座新图书馆。 肯定句 主语+am/is/are going to be+过 A sports meeting is going to be held tomorrow. 去分词+其他. 明天将举办一场运动会。 A new library won't be built next year. 主语+will not(won')be+过去 明年不会建新图书馆。 分词+其他. 否定句 主语+am/is/are+not going to be+ A sports meeting isn't going to be held in our school this week. 过去分词+其他 我们学校这周不会举办运动会。 Wl+主语+be+过去分词+其他？ Will a new school be built here? 肯定回答：Ys,主语+will 这里将会建一所新学校吗？ 否定回答：No,主语+won't. -Yes,it will./No,it won't. 一般疑 Am/Is/Are+主语+going to be+ 是的，会的。/不，不会。 问句及 过去分词+其他？ -Are these flowers going to be watered this 其答语 肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are. afternoon??这些花今天下午会被浇水吗？ 否定回答：No,主语+am not/ Yes,they are./No,they aren't. isn't/aren't. 是的，它们会。/不，它们不会。 疑问词+am/is/are+主语+going 特殊疑 tobe+过去分词+其他？ When is the meeting going to be held? 问句 疑问词+will+主语+be+过去 会议将在何时举行？ 分词+其他？ ④温馨提示 感官动词(see、hear、watch等)和使役动词(make、let等)在主动语态中， 后接的动词不定式需省略to;变为被动语态时，必须还原to。 O We saw him enter the room.=He was seen to enter the room.我们看见他进了房间。 ®考点对点练 一根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1.广场和图书馆的修建使我们的生活更加多姿多彩。 Squares and libraries to make our life more colorful. 150 第二部分句法篇 2.临夏中考由于昨天突然下大雨，学校运动会被推迟了。 The school sports meeting was because of the sudden heavy rain yesterday. 3.广州中考我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。 I hope one day my art works in the art gallery. 二按要求完成句子。 1.English is often spoken in our class.(改为否定句) English often in our class 2.We plant many trees in our school every year..(改为被动语态) Many trees in our school every year. 3.The workers built this bridge three years ago..(改为被动语态) This bridge by the workers three years ago. 4.Volunteers will collect the waste in the park this weekend.(改为被动语态) The waste by volunteers in the park this weekend. 5.They will plant more trees on the hill next spring..(对画线部分提问) more trees on the hill? Good! 日被动语态的用法 被动语态的构成 日主动形式表示被动意义 考点②被动语态的用法 ★★★★☆ ©考点精梳理 1.强调动作的承受者 English is used all over the world.英语在全世界被使用。 O The flowers are watered every day..这些花每天都被浇水。 2.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者 O His bike was stolen yesterday..他的自行车昨天被偷了。（不知道谁偷的) Rubbish should be thrown into the dustbin.垃圾应该扔进垃圾桶。（无需说明 执行者) (151 ,产初中英语语法就是很简单凸 3.出于礼貌、委婉表述等原因，避免提及执行者 O Many mistakes were made in the exam.考试中犯了很多错误。（不直接指责人） 4.在公告、规则、科普等书面语中使用 ◎The meeting will be held tomorrow.会议将于明天召开。（公告） O Students are not allowed to take cellphones to school.学生不允许将手机带到 学校。（规则) Visitors are not allowed to take photos inside the museum.参观者不被允许在博 物馆内拍照。 5.在固定结构与习惯表达中使用 初中常见使用被动语态的短语/句型： It is said that+从句据说 be used for(doing)sth被用于（做）某事 It is reported that+从句据报道… be made in+地，点在…制造 It is believed that+从句人们认为… be made by+人由…制作 It is known that+从句众所周知… be covered with sth被…覆盖 be supposed to do sth应该做某事 be filled with sth被·装满 be born出生 be allowed to do sth被允许做某事 ◎He was born in2010.他出生于2010年。 6.不能使用被动的情况 （1)宾语是反身代词、互相代词each other时，不能使用被动语态。 O The man introduced himself as Mr Smith.那个人自我介绍说他是史密斯先生。 O They help each other learn English.他们互相帮助学习英语。 (2)表示“发生、爆发、拥有、持续”的动词或短语(happen、take place、 break out、own、last等)只有主动形式，没有被动语态，不可用于被动结构。 (V)The accident happened yesterday. (x)The accident was happened yesterday. ®考点对点练 一单项选择。 1.In the show,robots to dance. A.use B.uses C.is used D.are used 152 第二部分句法篇 2.南通中考一It's a pity!A music fan like you didn't go to Nantong Music Festival.. -I knew it several weeks ago.But I was on business. A.is held B.will be held C.was held D.held 3.Betty to have a lazy day on the sofa A.didn't allow B.wasn't allowed C.weren't allowed D.not allowed 4.Many changes in our town over the last 20 years. A.took place B.have taken place C.were taken place D.have been taken place 5.箭泽中考一More and more young people like to wear Hanfu.. -Yes.It's said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes in Heze, Shandong. A.are producing B.will produce C.are produced 6.邵阳中考-This silk scarf looks nice.-Yes,and it in Thailand. A.made B.makes C.was made □用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.西藏中考Usually,paper cuttings (put)on walls,windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals 2.南京中考All the dialogue in Baiju (speak)in Nanjing dialect,easy to understand,and full of humor. 3.无锡中考Hundreds of factories (encourage)to move away or close between 2005 and 2015. 4.甘肃中考Do you know when the car was (invent)? 5.兰州中考The sweet memories in junior high school will be (remember) forever. Great! 被动语态的用法 被动语态的构成 日主动形式表示被动意义 (153) 号初中英语语法就是很简单凸 考点③主动形式表示被动意义★★★☆☆ ⑧考点精梳理 1.连系动词主动表被动 常见连系动词(look、sound、smell、taste、feel、prove等)表示主语的性质、 特征或状态时，用主动形式表被动含义，后常接形容词。 O This kind of cloth feels soft.这种布摸起来很柔软。 OThe dish tastes delicious..这道菜尝起来很美味。 The plan proved successful.这个计划结果证明是成功的。 2.实义动词主动表被动 表示主语内在品质、性能、特征的动词，常与wel/easily/poorly等副词连用， 用主动形式表被动含义。此类动词常见的有sel、wash、clean、write、read、 wear、open、lock、cook等。 O The book sells well.这本书很畅销。 O This pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。 O The window opens easily.这扇窗户很容易打开。 3.动名词主动表被动 (1)need/want/require+doing主动表被动 need、want、require表示“需要”时，后接动名词，用主动形式表被动含义， 等同于need/want/require+to be done。 O The room needs cleaning.=The room needs to be cleaned.这个房间需要打扫。 O My bike requires repairing.=My bike requires to be repaired.我的自行车需要 修理。 (2)be worth doing主动表被动 be worth+动名词(doing),意为“值得做某事”，用主动形式表达被动含义。 The book is worth reading..这本书值得一读。 4.不定式主动表被动 （1)形容词+不定式 当某些说明特征或性质的形容词后跟不定式作状语时，常用不定式的主 动形式表示被动含义。此类形容词常见的有easy、hard、difficult、interesting、 154 第二部分句法篇 important、comfortable等。 O The question is easy to answer.这个问题很容易回答。 O The room is comfortable to live in.这个房间住起来很舒服。 (2)名词+不定式 当不定式在名词后作定语，与被修饰名词为动宾关系，且句子主语是不定式 的逻辑主语时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 I have a lot of homework to do.我有很多作业要做。 She has something important to say.她有重要的事要说。 ®考点对点练 一单项选择。 1.-What do you think of the new coat bought yesterday? -It's warm and comfortable A.wearing B.to be worn C.wore D.to wear 2.This kind of milk fresh,and it well in the supermarket. A.is tasted;is sold B.tastes;is sold C.is tasted;sells D.tastes;sells 3.My uncle has a large family so he has to work hard to make more money. A.supported B.to support C.supporting D.supports 二用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.I like how the ink (smell)when I do calligraphy. 2.I think the soup needs more water.It (taste)too salty. 3.For some students,the maths problem is hard (understand). 4.The film directed by Cindy Clark is worth (watch),because it is full of mysteries. 5.My mobile phone broke down suddenly yesterday afternoon.It needs (repair) now. Amazing! 被动语态的用法 恩 ● 被动语态的构成 主动形式表示被动意义 155 ,号初中英语语法就是很简单凸 Passed 恭喜你己经完成本站任务，接下来挑战一下任务副本吧！ 任务副本 Q语篇情境练 语篇填空。 国话题青藏铁路的修建 ©难度★★★☆☆ ⑥建议用时7分钟 阅读短文，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，补全短文。 The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006.It 1. (connect)Xining to Lhasa,a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres,and it is the highest railway in the world,reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass.The building of the railway was a great challenge.Creative ideas 2. (need)to solve different problems.In summer,the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on,so pipes 3.(use)to keep the ground hard.However,in some places,it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground,so tunnels had to 4. (create)instead.In some other places,bridges 5. (build) to keep the railway up above the ground.These bridges are animal-friendly and 6: (allow)animals to pass under the tracks. As an important and successful project,the railway has 7. (increase) tourism and economic development in the area.The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help 8. (improve)transport in other similar places in the world. Go on 能来到这里，你已经很厉害了，相信你已经有了很大的收获，请 前往“动词的非谓语形式”站继续打卡吧！ 156