精品解析：广东省惠州市仲恺实验中学2025-2026学年八年级上学期英语期中模拟测

期中质量检测卷 （满分：120分 时间：90分钟） 一、听说应用（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分；A、B、C、D部分为听力理解，E部分为情景对话） 见《听说应用》（听说考试请使用《听说特训》） 二、语法选择（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 I once worked at a school for kids with special needs. My students had many troubles, ____1____ learning difficulties to physical disabilities (残疾). Mark was among those with physical problems, ____2____ he had to get around in a wheelchair. However, he always wore a big smile. His classmates loved ____3____, especially Mike, Andy and Lucas. These three boys were all good at sports. I knew Mark wanted ____4____ like them. When the sports meeting arrived, Mike, Andy and Lucas played ____5____ in their events, making the crowd cheer loudly. The last event of the day was the ____6____ race, and everyone was encouraged to take part, either walk or run. ____7____ the race started, each student tried their best. When Mike, Andy and Lucas were about to reach the finish line, they suddenly stopped. They noticed Mark far behind, with over 200 metres still to go. Without ____8____ second thought, they ran back to Mark. Cheering him on, the four friends finally crossed the finish line together. Their teachers and classmates were so ____9____. At that moment, seeing Mark’s bright and happy face, I finally ____10____ the true meaning of sports. It’s not just about winning, but more importantly, about friendship and giving a hand to those in need. 1. A. by B. from C. with 2. A. and B. or C. but 3. A. he B. him C. his 4. A. be B. being C. to be 5. A. well B. better C. best 6. A. 400-metre B. 400-metres C. 400-metres’ 7. A. Because B. Until C. When 8. A. a B. an C. the 9. A. excited B. excitedly C. excitement 10. A. realise B. realised C. have realised 三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Ellen MacArthur arrived back in England after sailing around the world. She is now the fastest person to sail around the world ____11____. During her trip, she had to deal with big waves and strong winds all by herself. The ____12____ journey took her 71 days, 14 hours, 18 minutes and 33 seconds. To make the journey shorter, she kept going without a single ____13____ on land at any time. She was just 28 years old. Around 8,000 people were waiting at the harbour (港口) to ____14____ congratulations to her. She left ____15____ on 28 November, 2004, and travelled about 43,000 kilometres to get back home. Ellen ____16____ a long time preparing both her body and her mind for the long journey. She only let herself sleep for less than 20 minutes at any one time during her ____17____. She had no one else to talk to in the 71 days. She had a small stove (炉子) to heat the frozen meals she had taken with her. She had to sail ____18____ to avoid danger. She often faced dangerous storms, but she never thought of ____19____. Ellen is now famous all over the world. Her story ____20____ us that if you believe in yourself, you can achieve anything. How great she is! 11. A. alone B. hard C. safely D. ahead 12. A. bad B. happy C. boring D. amazing 13. A. meal B. stop C. room D. book 14. A. speak B. tell C. talk D. say 15. A. England B. Canada C. America D. China 16. A. paid B. spent C. took D. cost 17. A. journey B. swimming C. ship D. holiday 18. A. happily B. carefully C. difficultly D .nervously 19. A. giving away B. giving out C. giving up D. giving to 20. A. finds B. allows C. shows D. gets 四、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） 请阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Chopsticks were invented at least 3,000 years ago. Emperor Xin, also called King Zhou, the last king of the Shang Dynasty, already used ivory chopsticks. Common people used chopsticks made of bamboo or wood. Later, there were also metal (金属) chopsticks. More than 2,000 years ago, Mozi made the first kite. It was a wooden bird. Kites were first used as a sign to ask for help in the fight. Flying kites became people’s favourite outdoor activity in the Song Dynasty. Zhang Heng was a scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He knew a lot about the sun, the moon, the stars, and the earth. In 132 AD, he invented the seismograph (地震仪) to record earthquakes. The modern seismograph, however, was invented about 1,700 years later. In the Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented the movable type printing. First, Bi made clay Chinese characters (汉字). Then he fired them at a high temperature. When Bi needed to print books, he arranged (排列) the clay characters in a metal holder and then brushed them with ink (墨水). 21. What were Emperor Xin’s chopsticks made of? A. Bamboo. B. Ivory. C. Wood. D. Gold. 22. When did flying kites become people’s favourite outdoor activity? A. In the Shang Dynasty. B. In the Han Dynasty. C. In the Song Dynasty. D. In the Ming Dynasty. 23. Which is the right step of the movable type printing? a. firing the clay pieces at a high temperature b. brushing the clay characters with ink c. making clay Chinese characters d. arranging the clay characters in a holder A. cbad B. cabd C. dbca D. adbc 24. What do we know from the passage? A. At first, the kite was made of wood. B. Emperor Xin first invented chopsticks C. Zhang Heng knew a lot about printing. D. Bi Sheng lived in the Shang Dynasty. 25. What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A. Inventions in China B. Traditional Sports C. Great Chinese Scientists D. Famous Products in the World B It’s always easier to say “Yes” because most of us want to please (使满意) others. Somebody asks you to go for a party but you have tests the next day, or to take part in activities you don’t like at all! Though your heart is crying “NO”, you find the word “Yes” coming out of your mouth. However, it usually causes anger—not only for the person who asks you, but also for yourself for not being strong enough. Lisa Messenger, the Collective Hub CEO, said in her first few years of business, many people asked her to talk over a coffee. She had to stop what she did to join in their talking. As a result, she didn’t have time to do her own work. Messenger finally learnt to refuse like this. “No, I’m sorry, but I don’t have time.” She believes if you say “Yes”, you will regret later. Or your heart will be filled with guilt (内疚), fear or anger because you don’t want to do the thing. So, you need to be brave enough to say “No” at first. Janine Garner, CEO of LBD Group, believed we need to know about our goals clearly. Garner said, “Stop doing the things that take up too much of your time. Nobody else will care about your time. Take a good look at the time spent on others. You really should spend it on yourself. Then you can achieve the best of yourself.” 26. The writer leads in the topic by ________. A. telling a story B. giving examples C. making a survey D. asking questions 27. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 1? A. Saying “Yes” to please others. B. Going to a party before a test. C. The anger caused by agreeing unwillingly. D. The word “No” coming out of your mouth. 28. We can learn from the passage that now Messenger ________. A. knows how to refuse others politely B. always agrees to help her workmates C. likes drinking coffee in her work time D. feels angry when she can’t help others 29. Which opinion would Janine Garner probably agree with? A. Offering help is the key to make friends. B. Helping others may make you successful. C. You’d better say “No” bravely if necessary. D. You should achieve the best of yourself by stopping wasting time. 30. What’s the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1…) A. B. C. D. 配对阅读。左栏是五个学生在生活中存在的性格问题，右栏是七条建议。请为每个学生选择一条合适的建议。选项中有两项为多余项。 ____31____ Ben is very shy. He is afraid to talk to strangers. In class, he never answers questions even if he knows the answers. He has very few friends at school. ____32____ Emma always wants to be the centre of attention. When her friends are talking about something, she often interrupts（打断）them and starts talking about herself. Her friends are getting tired of her. ____33____ David gets angry easily. If someone says something he doesn’t like, he shouts at them right away. This makes other people not want to be around him. ____34____ Sarah is too selfish. When she has some good things, like new toys or delicious snacks, she never shares them with her friends. So her friends don’t want to play with her anymore. ____35____ Peter is very lazy. He doesn’t want to do any group work in class. He always thinks others should do all the work for him. His group members are unhappy with him. A. Try to control your temper (脾气). When you feel angry, take a deep breath. Then think before you speak. This can help you not get angry so quickly. B. Read more books to make yourself smarter. Knowledge can help you solve many problems in life. C. Be more active in class. Try to answer questions. It will help you get more confident. Also, start small talk with your classmates. Just say hello and ask how they are. This can help you make friends. D. Learn to share. Share your toys, snacks and even your interesting stories with your friends. When you share, you will find that your friends will like you more and you will have more fun together. E. Don’t be so lazy. In a group, everyone should do their part. Offer to help your group members. Do some research or write down ideas. By working together, you can finish the work better. F. Listen carefully when others are talking. Let your friends finish their words before you start to speak. Try to show interest in what they are saying. This will make your friends feel respected. G. Do more sports. It can make you stronger and healthier. You can also make new friends when you play sports. 五、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 but three be hand answer need quickly different and with because we When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbours because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbours. Also, neighbours’ kindness may make us happier to live. But what kind of neighbours are good? The answers are ____36____ from person to person. Here are my answers. First, respecting (尊重) each other is very important. If our neighbours try to know more about ____37____ life, how will we feel? He or she may also talk ____38____ others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her anymore? The ____39____ is “No”. We seem to feel very sad to have this kind of neighbour. Sometimes we choose to move away ____40____. Second, a good neighbour is always willing to give us a hand when we ____41____ him or her. For example, if we are not at home next week, our good neighbours will watch our house for us. ____42____, a good neighbour should love the environment (环境). He or she never puts rubbish (垃圾) here ____43____ there. Good neighbours should keep the place clean ____44____ the good environment can make us comfortable and happy. I think we should learn to ____45____ good neighbours. I hope that everyone will have good neighbours and live a happy life some day. 六、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分） A. 回答问题 阅读下面短文，并回答问题。 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 In recent years, China has been making great progress in technology. A number of inventions have made our daily lives more convenient (方便的). Among them, four stand out. They are known as “four new great inventions” of modern China. High-speed trains China created its first high-speed railway line in 2008. Since then, the number of passenger trips has grown by over 30 percent every year. So far, the high-speed train network (网) has connected over 80 percent of major cities in China. China’s high-speed railway technology is also being used abroad. More and more high-speed railways are being set up in foreign countries like Türkiye and Russia. Mobile payment Mobile payment is turning China into a “cashless (无现金的) society”. Customers now only need to pay for goods by typing a short password (密码) in a certain app like Alipay on their mobile devices (设备). Users can also pay their bills through Alipay, such as their water and electricity bills. Alipay also allows users to buy things on international websites and apps. Shared bikes China has surprised the world with how quickly it has spread the shared bikes. Users simply pick up or park a bike on the street through GPS and smartphone apps. China’s two leading bike-sharing companies, Mobike and Ofo, have been spreading their business to markets abroad. People are riding their bikes in Singapore, the UK and the US. Online shopping China has been the world's largest and fastest-growing online shopping market. Online shopping now takes up 15.5 percent of total retail (零售) sales in China. It also helped to create jobs of countryside areas. In 2016, online shopping created more than 20 million jobs in countryside areas. 46. When did China create its first high-speed railway line? _______________________________________________ 47. Where can we find a high-speed railway with China’s technology abroad? _______________________________________________ 48. Which app can customers use to pay their bills according to the passage? _______________________________________________ 49. How did the other countries feel about the quick spread of the shared bikes in China? _______________________________________________ 50. How many jobs did online shopping create in 2016? _______________________________________________ B. 书面表达 51. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国的“新四大发明”中的线上购物很感兴趣，于是写信向你询问。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文给他写一封回信。 参考词汇：advantage 优势；goods 商品；quality 质量；low 低的；convenient 方便的 注意： (1) 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2) 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名。 (3) 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I’m so excited to receive your letter! I’m more than happy to share with you about online shopping in China, one of the “Four New Great Inventions”. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期中质量检测卷 （满分：120分 时间：90分钟） 一、听说应用（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分；A、B、C、D部分为听力理解，E部分为情景对话） 见《听说应用》（听说考试请使用《听说特训》） 二、语法选择（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 I once worked at a school for kids with special needs. My students had many troubles, ____1____ learning difficulties to physical disabilities (残疾). Mark was among those with physical problems, ____2____ he had to get around in a wheelchair. However, he always wore a big smile. His classmates loved ____3____, especially Mike, Andy and Lucas. These three boys were all good at sports. I knew Mark wanted ____4____ like them. When the sports meeting arrived, Mike, Andy and Lucas played ____5____ in their events, making the crowd cheer loudly. The last event of the day was the ____6____ race, and everyone was encouraged to take part, either walk or run. ____7____ the race started, each student tried their best. When Mike, Andy and Lucas were about to reach the finish line, they suddenly stopped. They noticed Mark far behind, with over 200 metres still to go. Without ____8____ second thought, they ran back to Mark. Cheering him on, the four friends finally crossed the finish line together. Their teachers and classmates were so ____9____. At that moment, seeing Mark’s bright and happy face, I finally ____10____ the true meaning of sports. It’s not just about winning, but more importantly, about friendship and giving a hand to those in need. 1. A. by B. from C. with 2. A. and B. or C. but 3. A. he B. him C. his 4. A. be B. being C. to be 5. A. well B. better C. best 6. A. 400-metre B. 400-metres C. 400-metres’ 7. A. Because B. Until C. When 8. A. a B. an C. the 9. A. excited B. excitedly C. excitement 10. A. realise B. realised C. have realised 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者在一所特殊需求学校工作时，目睹了三个擅长运动的孩子在比赛中停下脚步，帮助坐轮椅的同学Mark一起冲过终点线的感人故事，从而领悟到体育精神的真正含义。 【1题详解】 句意：我的学生们有许多困难，从学习困难到身体残疾。 from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。备选词中from符合语境。by意为“通过”，with意为“和”，均不符合。 【2题详解】 句意：Mark是有身体问题的学生之一，他不得不坐轮椅四处走动。 根据句意，前后句之间为顺承并列关系，前句说明Mark有身体问题，后句补充说明他的具体情况，用and连接符合逻辑。备选词中or意为“或者”，but意为“但是”，均不符合。 【3题详解】 句意：他的同学们都很喜欢他，尤其是Mike、Andy和Lucas。 空前“loved”为动词，后接宾格代词作宾语。备选词中him为宾格，符合语境。he为主格，his为形容词性物主代词，均不符合。 【4题详解】 句意：我知道Mark想成为像他们一样的人。 want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，后接不定式。备选词中to be为不定式形式，符合语境。be为原形，being为动名词，均不符合。 【5题详解】 句意：Mike、Andy和Lucas在各自的比赛中表现很好。 此处无三者及以上的比较范围，用副词原级well修饰动词played符合语境。better为比较级，best为最高级，均不符合。 【6题详解】 句意：当天的最后一个项目是400米赛跑。 400-metre为复合形容词，由“数词+名词单数”构成，中间用连字符连接，作定语修饰race。备选词中400-metre符合语境。400-metres为名词短语，400-metres‘为所有格，均不符合。 【7题详解】 句意：当比赛开始时，每个学生都尽了最大努力。 此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。备选词中When意为“当……时候”，符合语境。Because意为“因为”，Until意为“直到”，均不符合。 【8题详解】 句意：没有再多想，他们跑回Mark身边。 without a second thought为固定搭配，意为“不加思索、毫不犹豫”，a为不定冠词。备选词中a符合语境。an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表示特指，均不符合。 【9题详解】 句意：他们的老师和同学们都非常激动。 空前“were so”为系动词+程度副词，后接形容词作表语。备选词中excited意为“激动的”，符合语境。excitedly为副词，excitement为名词，均不符合。 【10题详解】 句意：那一刻，看着Mark明亮而快乐的脸，我终于明白了体育的真正意义。 根据句意，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。备选词中realised为过去式，符合语境。realise为原形，have realised为现在完成时，均不符合。 三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Ellen MacArthur arrived back in England after sailing around the world. She is now the fastest person to sail around the world ____11____. During her trip, she had to deal with big waves and strong winds all by herself. The ____12____ journey took her 71 days, 14 hours, 18 minutes and 33 seconds. To make the journey shorter, she kept going without a single ____13____ on land at any time. She was just 28 years old. Around 8,000 people were waiting at the harbour (港口) to ____14____ congratulations to her. She left ____15____ on 28 November, 2004, and travelled about 43,000 kilometres to get back home. Ellen ____16____ a long time preparing both her body and her mind for the long journey. She only let herself sleep for less than 20 minutes at any one time during her ____17____. She had no one else to talk to in the 71 days. She had a small stove (炉子) to heat the frozen meals she had taken with her. She had to sail ____18____ to avoid danger. She often faced dangerous storms, but she never thought of ____19____. Ellen is now famous all over the world. Her story ____20____ us that if you believe in yourself, you can achieve anything. How great she is! 11. A. alone B. hard C. safely D. ahead 12. A. bad B. happy C. boring D. amazing 13. A. meal B. stop C. room D. book 14. A. speak B. tell C. talk D. say 15. A. England B. Canada C. America D. China 16. A. paid B. spent C. took D. cost 17. A. journey B. swimming C. ship D. holiday 18. A. happily B. carefully C. difficultly D .nervously 19. A. giving away B. giving out C. giving up D. giving to 20. A. finds B. allows C. shows D. gets 【答案】11. A 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述Ellen MacArthur独自环球航行的经历，她凭借信念完成挑战，故事告诉我们相信自己就能做成任何事。 【11题详解】 句意：她现在是独自环球航行速度最快的人。 根据后文“all by herself”，all by herself含义为独自，说明她全程一个人航行，没有其他人陪伴，对应单词alone表示“独自”。hard“艰难地”，safely“安全地”，ahead“向前”，均不符合语境。 【12题详解】 句意：这段令人惊叹的旅程耗时71天14小时18分33秒。 根据上下文，她独自一人完成环球航行，这件事是很了不起、让人赞叹的，因此选用amazing“令人惊叹的”。bad“糟糕的”，happy“开心的”，boring“无聊的”，均不符合语境。 【13题详解】 句意：为缩短行程，她全程没有在陆地做任何一次停留。 根据“To make the journey shorter”，为了缩短航行时间，她不在陆地上停下休整，single stop表示“一次停留”。meal“一餐”，room“房间”，book“书本”，均不符合语境。 【14题详解】 句意：大约8000人在港口等候，向她表达祝贺。 空格后面接的是congratulations这一表达的具体内容。say后面可以直接接所说的内容；speak后面一般接语言；tell后面要接人，结构为tell sb. sth；talk是不及物动词，需要搭配介词使用。因此应选用say。speak“讲话”，tell“告诉”，talk“交谈”，均不符合语境。 【15题详解】 句意：她在2004年11月28日离开英格兰，航行约43000公里回到家乡。 文章开头“Ellen MacArthur arrived back to England after sailing around the world”，说明她出发的地点就是英格兰，航行结束返回英格兰，所以出发地是England。Canada“加拿大”，America“美国”，China“中国”，均不符合语境。 【16题详解】 句意：Ellen花费很长时间为这次长途航行做好身心准备。 本句主语是人Ellen。固定搭配sb. spend time doing sth，表示某人花费时间做某事；pay多用于花钱；take作花费时主语通常是it；cost主语只能是物品。因此应选用spent。paid“支付”，took“花费”，cost“花费”，均不符合语境。 【17题详解】 句意：旅途中她每次睡眠不超过20分钟。 整篇文章围绕这次环球航行的旅途展开，in the journey表示“在这段旅途当中”。swimming“游泳”，ship“轮船”，holiday“假期”，均不符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：她必须小心航行躲避危险。 根据目的“to avoid danger”，想要避开海上危险，航行的时候就要小心谨慎，carefully表示“小心地”。happily“开心地”，difficultly“困难地”，nervously“紧张地”，均不符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：她经常遭遇危险风暴，但从未想过放弃。 句中but表转折，前面说她常常遇到危险的风暴，转折含义说明她没有就此停下，give up是固定短语，意思是“放弃”。giving away“赠送”，giving out“分发”，giving to“送给”，均不符合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：她的故事向我们表明，相信自己就能做成任何事。 这个故事能够向读者展示、证明一个道理，show有“表明、展示”的含义。finds“找到”，allows“允许”，gets“得到”，均不符合语境。 四、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） 请阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Chopsticks were invented at least 3,000 years ago. Emperor Xin, also called King Zhou, the last king of the Shang Dynasty, already used ivory chopsticks. Common people used chopsticks made of bamboo or wood. Later, there were also metal (金属) chopsticks. More than 2,000 years ago, Mozi made the first kite. It was a wooden bird. Kites were first used as a sign to ask for help in the fight. Flying kites became people’s favourite outdoor activity in the Song Dynasty. Zhang Heng was a scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He knew a lot about the sun, the moon, the stars, and the earth. In 132 AD, he invented the seismograph (地震仪) to record earthquakes. The modern seismograph, however, was invented about 1,700 years later. In the Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented the movable type printing. First, Bi made clay Chinese characters (汉字). Then he fired them at a high temperature. When Bi needed to print books, he arranged (排列) the clay characters in a metal holder and then brushed them with ink (墨水). 21. What were Emperor Xin’s chopsticks made of? A. Bamboo. B. Ivory. C. Wood. D. Gold. 22. When did flying kites become people’s favourite outdoor activity? A. In the Shang Dynasty. B. In the Han Dynasty. C. In the Song Dynasty. D. In the Ming Dynasty. 23. Which is the right step of the movable type printing? a. firing the clay pieces at a high temperature b. brushing the clay characters with ink c. making clay Chinese characters d. arranging the clay characters in a holder A. cbad B. cabd C. dbca D. adbc 24. What do we know from the passage? A. At first, the kite was made of wood. B. Emperor Xin first invented chopsticks C. Zhang Heng knew a lot about printing. D. Bi Sheng lived in the Shang Dynasty. 25. What’s the best title (标题) for the passage? A. Inventions in China B. Traditional Sports C. Great Chinese Scientists D. Famous Products in the World 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国古代的四大发明（筷子、风筝、地震仪和活字印刷术）及其历史背景。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Emperor Xin...already used ivory chopsticks”可知，纣王的筷子材质是象牙。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Flying kites became...in the Song Dynasty”可知放风筝在宋代成为人们最喜爱的户外活动。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“First,made clay Chinese characters”→ c；“Then he fired them at a high temperature”→ a；“arranged the clay characters...brushed them with ink”→ b/d可知制作顺序为首先制作黏土汉字，然后高温烧制，再排列在金属架中，最后刷上墨水。故选B。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Mozi made the first kite. It was a wooden bird”可知墨子制作了木制风筝。故选A。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕中国古代四大发明（筷子、风筝、地震仪、活字印刷）展开，标题应概括主题。A项“中国的发明”最贴合。故选A。 B It’s always easier to say “Yes” because most of us want to please (使满意) others. Somebody asks you to go for a party but you have tests the next day, or to take part in activities you don’t like at all! Though your heart is crying “NO”, you find the word “Yes” coming out of your mouth. However, it usually causes anger—not only for the person who asks you, but also for yourself for not being strong enough. Lisa Messenger, the Collective Hub CEO, said in her first few years of business, many people asked her to talk over a coffee. She had to stop what she did to join in their talking. As a result, she didn’t have time to do her own work. Messenger finally learnt to refuse like this. “No, I’m sorry, but I don’t have time.” She believes if you say “Yes”, you will regret later. Or your heart will be filled with guilt (内疚), fear or anger because you don’t want to do the thing. So, you need to be brave enough to say “No” at first. Janine Garner, CEO of LBD Group, believed we need to know about our goals clearly. Garner said, “Stop doing the things that take up too much of your time. Nobody else will care about your time. Take a good look at the time spent on others. You really should spend it on yourself. Then you can achieve the best of yourself.” 26. The writer leads in the topic by ________. A. telling a story B. giving examples C. making a survey D. asking questions 27. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 1? A. Saying “Yes” to please others. B. Going to a party before a test. C. The anger caused by agreeing unwillingly. D. The word “No” coming out of your mouth. 28. We can learn from the passage that now Messenger ________. A. knows how to refuse others politely B. always agrees to help her workmates C. likes drinking coffee in her work time D. feels angry when she can’t help others 29. Which opinion would Janine Garner probably agree with? A. Offering help is the key to make friends. B. Helping others may make you successful. C. You’d better say “No” bravely if necessary. D. You should achieve the best of yourself by stopping wasting time. 30. What’s the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1…) A. B. C. D. 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要围绕“人们常为取悦他人违心说‘是’，这会带来负面情绪”的现象展开，通过两位企业CEO的经历与观点，告诉读者要学会拒绝，将时间投入到自身发展，成就更好的自己。 【26题详解】 第1段提到“Somebody asks you to go for a party but you have tests the next day, or to take part in activities you don’t like at all! Though your heart is crying ‘NO’, you find the word ‘Yes’ coming out of your mouth.”，说明作者是通过列举两个生活中常见的违心答应他人的场景来引入话题，使用的是举例子的方式。 【27题详解】 第1段提到“Though your heart is crying ‘NO’, you find the word ‘Yes’ coming out of your mouth. However, it usually causes anger—not only for the person who asks you, but also for yourself for not being strong enough.”，说明划线词“it”指代前文提到的“为了取悦他人而违心说‘是’”这件事。 【28题详解】 第3段开头提到“Messenger finally learnt to refuse like. ‘No, I’m sorry, but I don’t have time.’”，说明如今的Messenger学会了用委婉的话语拒绝他人，掌握了礼貌拒绝的方法。 【29题详解】 第4段“Stop doing the things that take up too much of your time…You really should spend it on yourself. Then you can achieve the best of yourself.”，说明Janine Garner认为应该停止在无意义的事上浪费时间，将时间花在自己身上，以此成就最好的自己。 【30题详解】 第1段“It’s always easier to say ‘Yes’ because most of us want to please others…it usually causes anger—not only for the person who asks you, but also for yourself for not being strong enough.”总起，提出核心话题；第2段“Lisa Messenger, the Collective Hub CEO, said in her first few years of business, many people asked her to talk over a coffee. She had to stop what she did to join in their talking.”和第3段“Messenger finally learnt to refuse like this. ‘No, I’m sorry, but I don’t have time.’”顺承讲述Messenger的经历与观点，属于同一论据部分；第4段“Janine Garner, CEO of LBD Group, believed we need to know about our goals clearly.”讲述另一位CEO的观点，是独立的另一论据部分。由此可推知文章结构为“总起+两个并列的论据部分，其中第一个论据包含两段”，对应选项C的结构。 配对阅读。左栏是五个学生在生活中存在的性格问题，右栏是七条建议。请为每个学生选择一条合适的建议。选项中有两项为多余项。 ____31____ Ben is very shy. He is afraid to talk to strangers. In class, he never answers questions even if he knows the answers. He has very few friends at school. ____32____ Emma always wants to be the centre of attention. When her friends are talking about something, she often interrupts（打断）them and starts talking about herself. Her friends are getting tired of her. ____33____ David gets angry easily. If someone says something he doesn’t like, he shouts at them right away. This makes other people not want to be around him. ____34____ Sarah is too selfish. When she has some good things, like new toys or delicious snacks, she never shares them with her friends. So her friends don’t want to play with her anymore. ____35____ Peter is very lazy. He doesn’t want to do any group work in class. He always thinks others should do all the work for him. His group members are unhappy with him. A. Try to control your temper (脾气). When you feel angry, take a deep breath. Then think before you speak. This can help you not get angry so quickly. B. Read more books to make yourself smarter. Knowledge can help you solve many problems in life. C. Be more active in class. Try to answer questions. It will help you get more confident. Also, start small talk with your classmates. Just say hello and ask how they are. This can help you make friends. D. Learn to share. Share your toys, snacks and even your interesting stories with your friends. When you share, you will find that your friends will like you more and you will have more fun together. E. Don’t be so lazy. In a group, everyone should do their part. Offer to help your group members. Do some research or write down ideas. By working together, you can finish the work better. F. Listen carefully when others are talking. Let your friends finish their words before you start to speak. Try to show interest in what they are saying. This will make your friends feel respected. G. Do more sports. It can make you stronger and healthier. You can also make new friends when you play sports. 【答案】31. C 32. F 33. A 34. D 35. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，左栏列举了5名学生在日常学习生活中存在的不同性格问题，右栏给出7条针对性改进建议，要求为每位学生匹配最适配的解决方案，其中包含两项多余干扰项。 【31题详解】 Ben的核心问题是性格害羞、不敢和陌生人交流、课堂上不敢主动答题、朋友很少。选项C明确建议“Be more active in class. Try to answer questions. It will help you get more confident. Also, start small talk with your classmates”，完全对应他提升课堂参与度、建立社交、收获友谊的需求。 【32题详解】 Emma的核心问题是总想成为焦点，和朋友聊天时频繁打断对方、只顾谈论自己，导致朋友逐渐厌烦她。选项F提出“Listen carefully when others are talking. Let your friends finish their words before you start to speak. Try to show interest in what they are saying”，直接针对她打断他人的行为，引导她学会尊重他人的表达。 【33题详解】 David的核心问题是情绪易怒，遇到不合心意的话就立刻对他人大吼大叫，让身边人都不愿靠近他。选项A给出“Try to control your temper. When you feel angry, take a deep breath. Then think before you speak. This can help you not get angry so quickly”，精准对应他控制脾气、管理愤怒情绪的需求。 【34题详解】 Sarah的核心问题是性格自私，有新玩具、美味零食等好东西时从不和朋友分享，导致朋友都不愿再和她玩耍。选项D建议“Learn to share. Share your toys, snacks and even your interesting stories with your friends. When you share, you will find that your friends will like you more and you will have more fun together”，完全匹配她学会分享、改善人际关系的改进方向。 【35题详解】 Peter的核心问题是性格懒惰，班级小组活动中不愿参与任何任务，总认为其他组员应该把所有工作做完，引发组员的强烈不满。选项E提出“Don’t be so lazy. In a group, everyone should do their part. Offer to help your group members. Do some research or write down ideas. By working together, you can finish the work better”，直接针对他的懒惰问题，引导他在小组中承担自己的责任。 五、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 but three be hand answer need quickly different and with because we When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbours because most of us think that it is helpful to live with some good neighbours. Also, neighbours’ kindness may make us happier to live. But what kind of neighbours are good? The answers are ____36____ from person to person. Here are my answers. First, respecting (尊重) each other is very important. If our neighbours try to know more about ____37____ life, how will we feel? He or she may also talk ____38____ others about our life. Do you want to live with him or her anymore? The ____39____ is “No”. We seem to feel very sad to have this kind of neighbour. Sometimes we choose to move away ____40____. Second, a good neighbour is always willing to give us a hand when we ____41____ him or her. For example, if we are not at home next week, our good neighbours will watch our house for us. ____42____, a good neighbour should love the environment (环境). He or she never puts rubbish (垃圾) here ____43____ there. Good neighbours should keep the place clean ____44____ the good environment can make us comfortable and happy. I think we should learn to ____45____ good neighbours. I hope that everyone will have good neighbours and live a happy life some day. 【答案】36. different 37. our 38. with 39. answer 40. quickly 41. need 42. Third 43. and 44. because 45. be 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了什么是好邻居的标准，包括相互尊重、乐于助人和爱护环境等方面。 【36题详解】 句意：答案因人而异。根据备选词汇和“The answers are...from person to person.”可知，此处表示人们的答案各不相同。形容词different“不同的”符合语境，在此作表语。故填different。 【37题详解】 句意：如果我们的邻居试图更多地了解我们的生活，我们会作何感想？根据下文“He or she may also talk...others about our life.”可知，此处指“我们的”生活。空格处应填we的形容词性物主代词our，修饰名词life。故填our。 【38题详解】 句意：他/她可能还会和别人谈论我们的生活。talk with表示“与……交谈”，是固定短语。故填with。 【39题详解】 句意：答案是“不”。根据“Do you want to live with him or her anymore?”和“No”可知，此处表示这个问题的答案是“不”。名词answer“答案”符合语境，结合“is”可知，空格处应用answer的单数形式。故填answer。 【40题详解】 句意：有时我们会选择快速搬走。空格处缺少副词修饰动词短语move away，结合备选词汇，副词quickly“快速地”符合语境。故填quickly。 【41题详解】 句意：其次，一个好邻居总是在我们需要他/她时愿意伸出援手。根据“a good neighbour is always willing to give us a hand when we...him or her”和备选词汇可知，此处表示当需要邻居的时候。动词need“需要”符合语境，此处表示生活中随时可能发生的常规情况，应用一般现在时，主语we表示复数，所以need保持原形。故填need。 【42题详解】 句意：第三，好邻居应该爱护环境。根据“First...Second...”可知，此处是第三点，空格处应填three的序数词third，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Third。 【43题详解】 句意：他/她从不把垃圾扔得到处都是。here and there表示“到处”，是固定短语。故填and。 【44题详解】 句意：好邻居应该保持环境整洁，因为良好的居住环境能让我们感到舒适与快乐。根据“Good neighbours should keep the place clean...the good environment can make us comfortable and happy.”可知，空格前后是因果关系，后句说明了保持环境整洁的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【45题详解】 句意：我认为我们应该学会成为好邻居。learn to be表示“学会成为”，是常用结构。此处表示学会成为好邻居。故填be。 六、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分） A. 回答问题 阅读下面短文，并回答问题。 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 In recent years, China has been making great progress in technology. A number of inventions have made our daily lives more convenient (方便的). Among them, four stand out. They are known as “four new great inventions” of modern China. High-speed trains China created its first high-speed railway line in 2008. Since then, the number of passenger trips has grown by over 30 percent every year. So far, the high-speed train network (网) has connected over 80 percent of major cities in China. China’s high-speed railway technology is also being used abroad. More and more high-speed railways are being set up in foreign countries like Türkiye and Russia. Mobile payment Mobile payment is turning China into a “cashless (无现金的) society”. Customers now only need to pay for goods by typing a short password (密码) in a certain app like Alipay on their mobile devices (设备). Users can also pay their bills through Alipay, such as their water and electricity bills. Alipay also allows users to buy things on international websites and apps. Shared bikes China has surprised the world with how quickly it has spread the shared bikes. Users simply pick up or park a bike on the street through GPS and smartphone apps. China’s two leading bike-sharing companies, Mobike and Ofo, have been spreading their business to markets abroad. People are riding their bikes in Singapore, the UK and the US. Online shopping China has been the world's largest and fastest-growing online shopping market. Online shopping now takes up 15.5 percent of total retail (零售) sales in China. It also helped to create jobs of countryside areas. In 2016, online shopping created more than 20 million jobs in countryside areas. 46. When did China create its first high-speed railway line? _______________________________________________ 47. Where can we find a high-speed railway with China’s technology abroad? _______________________________________________ 48. Which app can customers use to pay their bills according to the passage? _______________________________________________ 49. How did the other countries feel about the quick spread of the shared bikes in China? _______________________________________________ 50. How many jobs did online shopping create in 2016? _______________________________________________ B. 书面表达 51. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 对中国的“新四大发明”中的线上购物很感兴趣，于是写信向你询问。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文给他写一封回信。 参考词汇：advantage 优势；goods 商品；quality 质量；low 低的；convenient 方便的 注意： (1) 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2) 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和学生的真实姓名。 (3) 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I’m so excited to receive your letter! I’m more than happy to share with you about online shopping in China, one of the “Four New Great Inventions”. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】46. In 2008. 47. In foreign countries like Türkiye and Russia. 48. Alipay. 49. They felt surprised. 50. More than 20 million. 51. 例文 Dear Tom, I’m so excited to receive your letter! I’m more than happy to share with you about online shopping in China, one of the “Four New Great Inventions”. Online shopping in China has many advantages. Firstly, there are various goods online, from clothes to electronics, almost everything you need can be found. Secondly, prices are often lower than in physical stores, and there are always discounts and deals available. Last week, I bought a pair of shoes online. The process was simple, and I received them in just two days. The quality was great, and they fit perfectly. Shopping online is really convenient because I can do it anytime and anywhere without leaving my home. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国近年来在科技方面取得的巨大进步，其中“新四大发明”（高铁、移动支付、共享单车和网购）尤为突出，并详细阐述了这四大发明的发展现状及其对国内外的影响。 【46题详解】 根据第二段首句“China created its first high-speed railway line in 2008.”可知，中国在2008年创建了第一条高速铁路线。故填In 2008. 【47题详解】 根据第二段“More and more high-speed railways are being set up in foreign countries like Türkiye and Russia.”可知，在土耳其和俄罗斯等国外可以看到采用中国技术的高速铁路。故填In foreign countries like Türkiye and Russia. 【48题详解】 根据第三段“Users can also pay their bills through Alipay, such as their water and electricity bills.”可知，用户可以通过支付宝支付账单，如水电费。故填Alipay. 【49题详解】 根据第四段首句“China has surprised the world with how quickly it has spread the shared bikes.”可知，共享单车在中国的迅速传播让世界感到惊讶。故填They felt surprised. 【50题详解】 根据最后一段“In 2016, online shopping created more than 20 million jobs in countryside areas.”可知，2016年，网购在农村地区创造了2000多万个就业岗位。故填More than 20 million. 【51题详解】 [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中网购的优势、购物经历、购物感受的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“分享中国的线上购物”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“网购的优势、购物经历、购物感受”几个方面重点介绍线上购物的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达“祝愿”之情。 [亮点词汇] ①various各种各样的 ②discount折扣 ③deal特价商品 ④process过程 ⑤perfectly完美地 ⑥convenient方便的 [高分句型] ①almost everything you need can be found.（省略句，省略了that/which引导的定语从句中的关系词） ②Shopping online is really convenient because I can do it anytime and anywhere without leaving my home.（because引导的原因状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $