Unit 4 Our Memory (Grammar)（疑问词引导宾语从句）核心知识点精讲精练-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

Unit 4 Our Memory 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) (疑问词引导宾语从句) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 宾语从句的三要素（复习） 1. 宾语从句的引导词 (1) 宾语从句有陈述意义时，用that引导宾语从句。 that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，没有含义，一般可以省略。 如：We are sure that the meeting has a great influence. (2) 宾语从句有一般疑问意义时，用whether/if引导宾语从句。 whether/if引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，意为“是否”，不可以省略。 如：He wondered whether the teacher would ask him to do the task. (3) 宾语从句有特殊疑问含义时，用疑问词引导宾语从句。 what,who,which,when,why等疑问词可用于引导宾语从句。 如：He wondered when his grandparents would visit his home. We haven't decided where we'll go on vacation. 2. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句由一个引导词引出，引导词始终位于从句的句首，其他部分要使用陈述语序。 如：We wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 3. 宾语从句的时态 · 当主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受主句限制，即从句时态就用其本身时态。 如：Mr. Li asks whether Tom came here yesterday. · 当主句是过去时态时，从句要用相应的过去某种时态。 如：Mum said that she would go to Beijing next month. · 当从句表示的是客观事实或真理、自然现象、谚语等时，从句都用一般现在时。 如：Dad ever told me that my cousin is two years older than me. 疑问词引导宾语从句 宾语从句可由疑问代词 what，which，who，whom，whose等引导，它们在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等，因此不能省略。 1. 疑问代词what用法 (1) what引导宾语从句在从句中充当主干成分。what可以指代“某事”、“某物”，“某人说的话”，“某个情况”等。 如：I can't understand what he said. (指代“他说的话”) Jenny knows what happened yesterday. (指代“发生的事”) (2) what可以与名词搭配使用引导宾语从句。 如：I don't know what colour he likes. what引导的感叹句也可以用作宾语从句。 如：Tom told me what a wonderful book it was. (3) what与that引导宾语从句的区别：that不充当成分，what充当主语、宾语或表语等主干成分。 如：Can you hear what he is speaking? (what充当宾语) I don't know that he has told you the news. (that不充当任何成分) 2. 疑问代词who与whom用法 (1) who和whom都可以指代“人”，且在宾语从句中都充当主干成分。 如：Do you know who is talking with Mr. Lin? He didn't tell me whom he would give the present to. (2) who和whom在从句中充当宾语时，可互换使用，除非作介词宾语，且介词置于引导词之前时，只能用whom。 如：Tell me who/whom she is talking about.（about 后置，who/whom 都行） Tell me about whom she is talking.（介词 about 前置，只用 whom） (3) 充当主语时，只能用who，不能用whom替换。 如：Do you know who broke the window?（who 作从句主语，不能用 whom） 3. 疑问代词which用法 (1) which引导宾语从句可以在从句中充当主语或宾语等。 如：I don't know which I should choose. He wondered which is Lucy's. (2) which引导宾语从句还可以在从句中充当定语，与名词连用。 如：Do you know which picture Lucy likes? (3) which与what引导宾语从句的区别：what通常表示没有给出选择范围。which存在选择范围。 如：I don't know what he bought.（没有选择范围，what只是指代“他买的东西”） I don't know which he bought.（有选择范围，which指代的是“他从一些物品中选择后购买的那一个”） 4. 疑问代词whose用法 whose表示“谁的”，在从句中充当定语，其后必须接名词，表示所属关系。 如：She wondered whose books were left here. 【随学随练】 单项填空 1．—Do you know ________ the athletes of the 15th National Games trained so hard for? —Sure. They wanted to win honors for their hometown and show the spirit of sports. A．how B．that C．what D．if 2．— Dad, could you tell me ________ paper-making technology was created by? — Most people believe it was created by Cai Lun. A．why B．who C．when D．what 3．Could you tell me ________? A．which bus are they waiting for B．they’re waiting for which bus C．which bus they are waiting D．which bus they are waiting for 4．—I wonder ________ hat was left in the library. —It must be Gina’s. I always see her wear it. A．which B．where C．whose D．what 5．—Look! The light in Tom’s room is still on. Do you know ________? —Maybe he is preparing for the exam. A．what is he doing B．what he is doing C．when will he do D．when he will sleep 用适当的疑问代词填空 1．Bob wants to know took his wallet from the desk. 2．No one knows we can do to improve short-term memory. 3．Do you know method works better for memorizing texts? 4．I can’t remember opera ticket I put on the shelf. 5．—Look, here is a book. I’m wondering book it is. —It must be Mary’s. J. K. Rowling is her favourite writer. 疑问词引导宾语从句 宾语从句还可由疑问副词 when、where、how、why 等引导，它们在从句中作状语，不可以省略。 1. 疑问副词how用法 (1) how表示方式等，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当方式状语等。 (2) how还可以与形容词或副词搭配使用，共同引导宾语从句，如how long询问多长时间,how far询问距离等。 如：Do you know how far it is from school to the park? (3) how与many, much连用，可以表示数量，many后接可数名词复数形式，much后接不可数名词。 how与much连用，还可以表示程度。 如：Does your brother know how many books I lent him? He didn't know how much water there was in the bottle. You don't know how much I miss you. (4) how引导的感叹句也可以作宾语从句。 如：You can't imagine how interesting the play is. 2. 疑问副词when用法 when表示时间，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当时间状语。 如：She asked me when I finished my homework. 3. 疑问副词where用法 where表示地点，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当地点状语。 如：Could you tell me where the library is？ 4. 疑问副词why用法 why表示原因，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当原因状语。 如：Nobody knows why he was absent from school yesterday. 【随学随练】 单项填空 1．—Could you please tell me ________ you will go to Beijing for vacation? —Next month, but I’m not sure about the exact date. A．when B．where C．how D．whether 2．— Do you know  ________ we can get some good food quickly? — Of course! I suggest Water City Restaurant. A．where B．whether C．how D．that 3．—I have some problems with writing, but I don’t know ________ I can write well. —Well, I think you can improve it by reading more classic works and keeping a diary. A．why B．when C．whether D．how 4．—Can you tell me ________ you like bamboo so much? —Sure! I like it because it can show good characters to us. A．when B．why C．what D．how 5．—Have you visited the famous park during your stay in New York? —Sure. But it’s a pity that it's closed now. I wonder________. A．how soon will it be open to the public B．how soon it will be open to the public C．how long will it be open to the public D．how long it will be open to the public 用适当的疑问副词填空 1．Could you tell me I can get to the airport quickly? 2．I wonder we will have the memory lecture. 3．She asked the grapevine grew. 4．I can’t find out he reacted to my careless mistake. 5．The professor explains we should link new knowledge with old things. 宾语从句的简化 1. 当疑问词引导宾语从句时，且主句主语和从句主语一致时，可以把宾语从句进行简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 如：I don't know what I should do. → I don't know what to do. 2. 疑问代词引导的宾语从句简化后，疑问代词作不定式的宾语；疑问副词引导的宾语从句简化后，疑问副词一般作状语，此时不定式的动词若是及物动词，其后宾语不能少。 如：I don’t know who I should ask for help.→I don’t know who to ask for help.（who作ask的宾语） She hasn't decided where she will go. → She hasn't decided where to go. 【随学随练】 单项填空 1．Many teenagers are under much stress, so they don’t know ________. A．what to do it B．how to do C．what to do D．how do to 2．—Tom, could you tell me ________? —Try Music World in Fifth Street. A．why to buy a CD B．where to get a CD C．how to choose a CD D．when to record a CD 3．—I don’t know ________. —No later than this afternoon. A．what to read during the holiday B．who to ask for help with writing C．how to use the computer to draw D．when to hand in my homework 4．No one tells us ________, so we need your help. A．how we should do B．how to do it C．what should we do D．what to do it 5．There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore. I don’t know ________. A．what to buy B．which to buy C．how to buy D．where to buy 完成句子 1．Where can I ask for advice? I don’t know. (合并为疑问词+不定式) I don’t know ________ ________ ________ for advice. 2．I don’t know what I should do next. (改为简单句) I don’t know ________ ________ ________ next. 3．“How can I relax myself?” Tom asks me.（改写句子） Tom asks me ________ ________ relax himself. 4．I don’t know which book I should choose first.（改为简单句） I don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________ first. 5．The guide told us the lake’s history. She didn’t tell us when we could visit the park. (合并为一句) The guide told us the lake’s history, but she didn’t tell us ________ ________ visit the park. 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) — Could you tell me ________? — Well, it’s at No. 188, South Huanghe Road. A．where is the Suqian Museum B．where the Suqian Museum is C．what is the Suqian Museum D．what the Suqian Museum is (2) —I wonder ________. —You can go to your teacher for some suggestions. A．what can I do with my problem B．what I can do with my problem C．how can I do with my problem D．how I can do with my problem (3) — Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________? — It starts at 8:00 p.m. A．when the band starts playing B．where the band plays C．when does the band start playing D．where does the band play (4) She doesn’t know ________, so she asks us for help. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what she can do it (5) There is a performance in the mall. I wonder ________. A．how I can get there B．what can I see C．whether how long it will last D．whether there is something interesting (6) —I wonder ________. —I suppose he hopes to protect traditional art. A．which free course the artist is offering online B．how the artist teaches others painting C．whether the artist offers free courses online D．why the artist sticks to offering free courses online (7) —Linda, could you tell me ________? —Sure. I got it from my elder sister yesterday. A．what is the new book mainly about B．where did the new book come from C．who gave you the new book D．why you like the new book (8) — Do you know ________? — Maybe he fell off his bike on the way here. A．what is the matter with Tom B．what the matter is with Tom C．what was the wrong with Tom D．what wrong is with Tom (9) The Youth Ceremony was held successfully. Could you tell me ________? A．who will be the host of it B．which hall was it held in C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech (10) The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________. A．who we need B．how to make friends C．what a friend is like D．where we should go (11) One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it (12) To get our money’s worth, we need to think carefully about ________. A．what to buy and how to pay B．how to buy and when to buy C．what to buy and how much they will cost D．what to buy and how much will they cost (13) —Could you please tell me ________? —Sure, the green one. A．when does Kate do some reading B．why did she arrive late for the meeting C．who is your new chemistry teacher D．which kite flew highest (14) —Tom, have you heard the saying “A neighbor nearby is better than a relative far away”? —Yes, and I can’t agree more. It tells us _________. A．how can we be neighbors B．why we should love our families C．that timely support is helpful D．who is the best person in our life (15) —Do you know ________? He looks quite calm and quiet today. —I’m wondering ________ he has been in the mood to take on any possible challenge. A．what is the matter with him; that B．what’s wrong with him; whether C．what the matter is with him; whether D．what the matter is with him; that 2. 选词填空 A how  when  who  whose  what  which  where (1)Amy asked me I felt about the new school club, and I said it was interesting. (2)I forgot I shared my important school report with last week. (3)I don’t know the online course on life skills will be open. (4)—Look, here is a book. I’m wondering book it is. —It must be Mary’s. J. K. Rowling is her favourite writer. (5)I had a discussion with my parents about school I should go to after graduating. (6)—I often see ASAP in your emails. I wonder it means. —It stands for “as soon as possible”. (7)The foreign tourist asked me to taste the local food. B if / whose / how long / how many / whom (1) Do you know they are waiting for? (2) Could you tell me people will attend the meeting tomorrow? (3) He asked me I taught English. (4) The teacher wants to know book it is. (5) I forget I have been studying in the classroom. 3. 完成句子 (1) Where did she put the opera ticket? She cannot remember. She cannot remember ________ ________ ________ the opera ticket. (2) The reporter asked Damin, “How do you deal with the fish after returning home?”（改为宾语从句） The reporter asked Damin how ________ ________ with the fish after returning home. (3) “Which train should I take to the airport?” the passenger asked. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) The passenger asked ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to the airport. (4) When will they have a picnic? Could you tell me? (合并为含宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me _______________________________________? (5) Why is she late? Can you explain? (合并为宾语从句) Can you explain ________ ________ ________ late? (6) She can’t decide where she should go for the holiday. (改写为“特殊疑问词 + 不定式”结构) __________________________________________________ (7) We are discussing when we should leave. (改写为“特殊疑问词 + 不定式”结构) __________________________________________________ (8) Let’s discuss who we’ll choose as the new chairperson of the organization. (改为简单句) Let’s discuss ________ ________ choose as the new chairperson of the organization. (9) Could you tell me how I should use proper language? (改为简单句) Could you tell me ________ ________ use proper language? (10) What is wrong with the plane? I wondered. (改为宾语从句) I wondered ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. (11) “Who will be in charge of the next class meeting?” Mr Green asked us.（改为宾语从句） Mr Green asked us ________ ________ be in charge of the next class meeting. (12) Whose schoolbag is on the desk? Father asked.（合并为含有宾语从句的复合句） Father asked ________ schoolbag ________on the desk. 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 用适当的引导词填空 (1) I don’t understand my grandma can’t remember my name. (2) Could you tell me book talks about short-term memory? (3) Rick believes his grandma will get better after hospital treatment. (4) No one knows happened to Mother Fox on the way home. (5) I wonder we can improve memory by listening to soft music. (6) Chen Jie asks he meets grandpa every weekend. (7) The professor explained memory stores happy feelings more easily. (8) Do you know the memory lecture will start tomorrow? (9) Billy can’t remember notebook he wrote his speech plan in. (10) We all want to find out memory is stored in our brain. (11) She doesn’t know her grandpa’s kite park lies. (12) Tell me advice Fu Xing gave Billy about forgetfulness. (13) I’m not sure short-term memory can turn into long-term memory. (14) Everyone wants to know makes us mix up similar words. (15) Professor Green told us linking knowledge means. 2. 短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，根据上下文提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。 Once, little Squeaky the squirrel had a wonderful adventure after finding a bright shining key under an old oak tree. One sunny morning, she was curious about (1) she should do with the special key. She decided to ask her wise old owl friend for advice, and then ran out of her tree hole and headed for the owl’s nest deep in the quiet forest. After a long walk, Squeaky heard a soft hoot ahead and wondered (2) she could find the owl’s nest more quickly. She spotted a narrow path winding toward a rocky cave and thought, “This must be the right way!” When she stepped inside, the old owl sat on a smooth stone and smiled, “I’ve been waiting for you. Do you know (3) this wonderful key truly belongs to?” Squeaky shook her head gently and whispered, “I found it by accident, so I have no idea (4) it was left in this quiet spot.” She added softly, “I also don’t know (5) this key will take me on my journey.” The owl flapped its wings slowly and said, “You must walk slowly through the thorns to keep yourself safe.” Squeaky felt so excited at the thought of hidden treasure that she thanked the owl warmly and set off at once… B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I still remember the day when I first started middle school. I didn’t know (1) I would make new friends or not. Everything seemed strange to me. My mother told me (2) (be) brave and open my heart to others. During the first week, I met a girl (3) (call) Lucy. She asked me (4) I liked reading. I said yes, and we became good friends soon. We shared our favorite books and talked about (5) we wanted to be in the future. One day, Lucy asked me, “Do you know (6) the school library closes?” I told her I didn't know. Then we decided (7) (find) out together. When we got there, the librarian told us that the library (8) (close) at 5:30 p.m. every day. Now, two years (9) (pass). Lucy and I are still best friends. I’ve learned that friendship is one of the (10) (precious) gifts in life. 3. 翻译句子 (1) 我记不清我把记忆卡片放在哪里了。 (2) 他想弄清楚哪一种记忆技巧对学生最有用。 (3) 你能告诉我我们如何把新旧知识联系在一起吗？ (4) 定期复习能帮助我们更好地记住所学内容。 (5) 我想知道我们什么时候去参观文学博物馆。 (6) 这个视频向我们展示了马鞍山四十年前的样子。 (7) 你知道如何使用这个新机器吗？ (8) 他们正在讨论要去电影院看哪部电影。 (9) 顺便问一下，你清楚什么时间上交你的家庭作业吗？ (10) 没有人知道我们可以向谁倾诉烦恼。 (11) 没有人知道为什么有些人拥有很强的长期记忆。 (12) 你知道这是谁的粉色外套吗？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Our Memory 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) (疑问词引导宾语从句) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 宾语从句的三要素（复习） 1. 宾语从句的引导词 (1) 宾语从句有陈述意义时，用that引导宾语从句。 that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，没有含义，一般可以省略。 如：We are sure that the meeting has a great influence. (2) 宾语从句有一般疑问意义时，用whether/if引导宾语从句。 whether/if引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分，意为“是否”，不可以省略。 如：He wondered whether the teacher would ask him to do the task. (3) 宾语从句有特殊疑问含义时，用疑问词引导宾语从句。 what,who,which,when,why等疑问词可用于引导宾语从句。 如：He wondered when his grandparents would visit his home. We haven't decided where we'll go on vacation. 2. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句由一个引导词引出，引导词始终位于从句的句首，其他部分要使用陈述语序。 如：We wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 3. 宾语从句的时态 · 当主句是一般现在时，从句时态不受主句限制，即从句时态就用其本身时态。 如：Mr. Li asks whether Tom came here yesterday. · 当主句是过去时态时，从句要用相应的过去某种时态。 如：Mum said that she would go to Beijing next month. · 当从句表示的是客观事实或真理、自然现象、谚语等时，从句都用一般现在时。 如：Dad ever told me that my cousin is two years older than me. 疑问词引导宾语从句 宾语从句可由疑问代词 what，which，who，whom，whose等引导，它们在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等，因此不能省略。 1. 疑问代词what用法 (1) what引导宾语从句在从句中充当主干成分。what可以指代“某事”、“某物”，“某人说的话”，“某个情况”等。 如：I can't understand what he said. (指代“他说的话”) Jenny knows what happened yesterday. (指代“发生的事”) (2) what可以与名词搭配使用引导宾语从句。 如：I don't know what colour he likes. what引导的感叹句也可以用作宾语从句。 如：Tom told me what a wonderful book it was. (3) what与that引导宾语从句的区别：that不充当成分，what充当主语、宾语或表语等主干成分。 如：Can you hear what he is speaking? (what充当宾语) I don't know that he has told you the news. (that不充当任何成分) 2. 疑问代词who与whom用法 (1) who和whom都可以指代“人”，且在宾语从句中都充当主干成分。 如：Do you know who is talking with Mr. Lin? He didn't tell me whom he would give the present to. (2) who和whom在从句中充当宾语时，可互换使用，除非作介词宾语，且介词置于引导词之前时，只能用whom。 如：Tell me who/whom she is talking about.（about 后置，who/whom 都行） Tell me about whom she is talking.（介词 about 前置，只用 whom） (3) 充当主语时，只能用who，不能用whom替换。 如：Do you know who broke the window?（who 作从句主语，不能用 whom） 3. 疑问代词which用法 (1) which引导宾语从句可以在从句中充当主语或宾语等。 如：I don't know which I should choose. He wondered which is Lucy's. (2) which引导宾语从句还可以在从句中充当定语，与名词连用。 如：Do you know which picture Lucy likes? (3) which与what引导宾语从句的区别：what通常表示没有给出选择范围。which存在选择范围。 如：I don't know what he bought.（没有选择范围，what只是指代“他买的东西”） I don't know which he bought.（有选择范围，which指代的是“他从一些物品中选择后购买的那一个”） 4. 疑问代词whose用法 whose表示“谁的”，在从句中充当定语，其后必须接名词，表示所属关系。 如：She wondered whose books were left here. 【随学随练】 单项填空 1．—Do you know ________ the athletes of the 15th National Games trained so hard for? —Sure. They wanted to win honors for their hometown and show the spirit of sports. A．how B．that C．what D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道第十五届全运会的运动员们这么努力训练是为了什么吗？——当然。他们想为家乡赢得荣誉并展现体育精神。 how如何；that无实义；what什么；if是否。分析从句结构，介词for后缺少宾语，需要用连接代词来充当for的宾语，表示“为了什么”，what作为连接代词，既引导宾语从句，又在从句中作for的宾语，符合语法和语义。 2．— Dad, could you tell me ________ paper-making technology was created by? — Most people believe it was created by Cai Lun. A．why B．who C．when D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，你能告诉我造纸术是谁发明的吗？——大多数人认为是蔡伦发明的。 why为什么；who 谁；when什么时候；what什么。根据答语“Most people believe it was created by Cai Lun.”可知，回答的是人物蔡伦，且问句中有介词by，表示由谁创造，故应用who引导宾语从句。 3．Could you tell me ________? A．which bus are they waiting for B．they’re waiting for which bus C．which bus they are waiting D．which bus they are waiting for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你能告诉我他们正在等哪辆车吗？ 考查宾语从句。根据选项内容和问句“Could you tell me”可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除A选项；B选项是没有逻辑的英语句式；根据wait for...“等待……”可知，C选项中少了for。故选D。 4．—I wonder ________ hat was left in the library. —It must be Gina’s. I always see her wear it. A．which B．where C．whose D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道谁的帽子落在图书馆了。——一定是吉娜的。我总是看到她戴它。 which哪一个；where哪里；whose谁的；what什么。根据答语“It must be Gina’s.”可知，此处询问的是帽子的归属权，即“谁的”，应用whose引导宾语从句。 5．—Look! The light in Tom’s room is still on. Do you know ________? —Maybe he is preparing for the exam. A．what is he doing B．what he is doing C．when will he do D．when he will sleep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！汤姆房间的灯还亮着。你知道他在做什么吗？——也许他正在准备考试。 what is he doing他正在做什么；what he is doing他正在做什么；when will he do他什么时候会做；when he will sleep他什么时候睡觉。分析句子结构可知，本句作动词“know”的宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序。根据答语“Maybe he is preparing for the exam.”可知询问的是具体行为，应用连接词“what”。选项A非陈述语序；选项C和选项D连接词不对，应选what he is doing。 用适当的疑问代词填空 1．Bob wants to know took his wallet from the desk. 2．No one knows we can do to improve short-term memory. 3．Do you know method works better for memorizing texts? 4．I can’t remember opera ticket I put on the shelf. 5．—Look, here is a book. I’m wondering book it is. —It must be Mary’s. J. K. Rowling is her favourite writer. 【答案】1．who 2．what 3．which 4．which 5．whose 【详解】 1．句意：鲍勃想知道是谁从桌子上拿走了他的钱包。从句缺少主语，指代人，who是连接代词，可在从句中充当主语，指代“谁”。 2．句意：没人知道我们能做些什么来改善短时记忆。从句动词“do”缺少宾语，指代事物，what作“do”的宾语，表示“什么事”。 3．句意：你知道哪种方法背诵课文效果更好吗？空格后紧跟名词“method”，which能修饰名词，表“哪一种”，用于对不同方法进行选择。 4．句意：我记不清我放在架子上的是哪一张歌剧票。空格后有名词“opera ticket”，需要能修饰名词的引导词，which可作定语，含义为“哪一张”，符合区分歌剧票的语境。 5．句意：——看，这里有一本书。我想知道这是谁的书。——它一定是玛丽的。J.K.罗琳是她最喜欢的作家。根据答语“It must be Mary’s”可知，此处询问书的归属，应用whose表示“谁的”，在从句中作定语修饰book。 疑问词引导宾语从句 宾语从句还可由疑问副词 when、where、how、why 等引导，它们在从句中作状语，不可以省略。 1. 疑问副词how用法 (1) how表示方式等，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当方式状语等。 (2) how还可以与形容词或副词搭配使用，共同引导宾语从句，如how long询问多长时间,how far询问距离等。 如：Do you know how far it is from school to the park? (3) how与many, much连用，可以表示数量，many后接可数名词复数形式，much后接不可数名词。 how与much连用，还可以表示程度。 如：Does your brother know how many books I lent him? He didn't know how much water there was in the bottle. You don't know how much I miss you. (4) how引导的感叹句也可以作宾语从句。 如：You can't imagine how interesting the play is. 2. 疑问副词when用法 when表示时间，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当时间状语。 如：She asked me when I finished my homework. 3. 疑问副词where用法 where表示地点，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当地点状语。 如：Could you tell me where the library is？ 4. 疑问副词why用法 why表示原因，引导宾语从句时在从句中充当原因状语。 如：Nobody knows why he was absent from school yesterday. 【随学随练】 单项填空 1．—Could you please tell me ________ you will go to Beijing for vacation? —Next month, but I’m not sure about the exact date. A．when B．where C．how D．whether 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你什么时候去北京度假吗？——下个月，但我不确定确切日期。 when什么时候；where哪里；how怎样；whether是否。根据答语“Next month”可知，询问的是时间，故应用when引导宾语从句。 2．— Do you know  ________ we can get some good food quickly? — Of course! I suggest Water City Restaurant. A．where B．whether C．how D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道在哪里我们可以快速买到好的食物吗？——当然！我推荐水城餐厅。 where在哪里；whether是否；how如何；that无义 (引导陈述句)。根据答句“I suggest Water City Restaurant.”可知，问句询问地点，应填“where”。 3．—I have some problems with writing, but I don’t know ________ I can write well. —Well, I think you can improve it by reading more classic works and keeping a diary. A．why B．when C．whether D．how 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我在写作方面有些问题，但我不知道如何才能写好。——嗯，我想你可以通过多读经典作品和写日记来提高。 why为什么；when什么时候；whether是否；how如何。结合答语中提到的改进方式“by reading more classic works and keeping a diary”可知，此处是在询问方法，因此上句表示不知道如何才能写好，应用how引导宾语从句。 4．—Can you tell me ________ you like bamboo so much? —Sure! I like it because it can show good characters to us. A．when B．why C．what D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你为什么这么喜欢竹子吗？——当然！我喜欢它是因为它能向我们展示良好的品格。 when什么时候；why为什么；what什么；how怎样。根据答语“I like it because...”可知，回答的是原因，应用why引导宾语从句。 5．—Have you visited the famous park during your stay in New York? —Sure. But it’s a pity that it's closed now. I wonder________. A．how soon will it be open to the public B．how soon it will be open to the public C．how long will it be open to the public D．how long it will be open to the public 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在纽约期间参观过那个著名的公园吗？——当然。但很遗憾它现在关闭了。我想知道它还要多久对公众开放。 考查宾语从句。how soon will it be open to the public多久以后开放，疑问语序；how soon it will be open to the public多久以后开放，陈述语序；how long will it be open to the public开放多久，疑问语序；how long it will be open to the public开放多久，陈述语序。宾语从句需用陈述语序，又根据“it's closed now”可知是问“多久以后开放”，此处用how soon符合语境，故选B。 用适当的疑问副词填空 1．Could you tell me I can get to the airport quickly? 2．I wonder we will have the memory lecture. 3．She asked the grapevine grew. 4．I can’t find out he reacted to my careless mistake. 5．The professor explains we should link new knowledge with old things. 【答案】1．how 2．when 3．where 4．how 5．why 【详解】 1．句意：你能告诉我怎样能快速到达机场吗？从句“I can get to the airport”完整不缺主宾，句子询问出行的方式，how作方式状语表示“如何、怎样”，贴合问路的语义。 2．句意：我想知道我们什么时候开展记忆讲座。从句“we will have the memory lecture”主谓成分齐全，句子针对时间提问，when作时间状语，表示“什么时候”。 3．句意：她询问那株葡萄藤长在哪个位置。从句成分完整，句子询问地点，where作地点状语，意为“在哪里”。 4．句意：我弄不清楚他对我粗心犯下的错误作何反应。从句结构完整，此处想知道对方回应的方式，how作方式状语，搭配“react to”表示“如何回应”。 5．句意：这位教授讲解我们为何要把新知识和旧事物建立关联。从句主谓完整，句子解释这么做的理由，why作原因状语，意为“为什么”。 宾语从句的简化 1. 当疑问词引导宾语从句时，且主句主语和从句主语一致时，可以把宾语从句进行简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 如：I don't know what I should do. → I don't know what to do. 2. 疑问代词引导的宾语从句简化后，疑问代词作不定式的宾语；疑问副词引导的宾语从句简化后，疑问副词一般作状语，此时不定式的动词若是及物动词，其后宾语不能少。 如：I don’t know who I should ask for help.→I don’t know who to ask for help.（who作ask的宾语） She hasn't decided where she will go. → She hasn't decided where to go. 【随学随练】 单项填空 1．Many teenagers are under much stress, so they don’t know ________. A．what to do it B．how to do C．what to do D．how do to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多青少年承受着很大压力，所以他们不知道该怎么办。 what to do it错误结构（what作宾语，it多余）；how to do错误结构（do后缺少宾语，需加it）；what to do做什么；how do to错误语序。根据题干“don’t know”后接“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语，表示“该做什么”，what作do的宾语，应填what to do。 2．—Tom, could you tell me ________? —Try Music World in Fifth Street. A．why to buy a CD B．where to get a CD C．how to choose a CD D．when to record a CD 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Tom，你能告诉我哪里可以买到光盘吗？——去第五街的音乐世界试试看。 考查疑问词+动词不定式。why to buy a CD为什么要买光盘；where to get a CD在哪里可以买到光盘；how to choose a CD如何选择一个光盘；when to record a CD什么时候记录一个光盘。根据“Try Music World in Fifth Street.”可知，回答的是一个地点，因此提问位置应用where来提问。故选B。 3．—I don’t know ________. —No later than this afternoon. A．what to read during the holiday B．who to ask for help with writing C．how to use the computer to draw D．when to hand in my homework 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我不知道何时上交我的作业？——不迟于今天下午。 考查宾语从句。what to read during the holiday假期间读什么；who to ask for help with writing在写作方面向谁寻求帮助；how to use the computer to draw如何使用电脑画画；when to hand in my homework什么时候交给我的作业。根据答句“No later than this afternoon.”可知，空处是询问上交作业的时间。故选D。 4．No one tells us ________, so we need your help. A．how we should do B．how to do it C．what should we do D．what to do it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：没有人告诉我们怎么做，所以我们需要你的帮助。 考查不定式和宾语从句。how we should do错误形式；how to do it如何去做；what should we do我们应该做什么；what to do it错误形式。分析句子结构可知，空处是“tells”的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，根据“ so we need your help”可知，我们需要帮助，可推知没有人告诉我们该怎么做。故选B。 5．There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore. I don’t know ________. A．what to buy B．which to buy C．how to buy D．where to buy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：新华书店里许多不同种类的书，我不知道买哪一本。 考查宾语从句的用法。know后跟一个宾语从句，当从句中省略主语和助动词时，可用特殊疑问词+to do来代替。根据“There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore.”可知，因书的种类多，所以不知道买哪一本，故用which to buy。故选B。 完成句子 1．Where can I ask for advice? I don’t know. (合并为疑问词+不定式) I don’t know ________ ________ ________ for advice. 【答案】 where to ask 【详解】句意：我不知道可以去哪里寻求建议。原句中“Where can I ask for advice?”是关键的特殊疑问句，要将其和主句“I don’t know”合并为“疑问词+不定式”结构时，直接保留疑问词where，后接不定式符号to，再跟上动词原形ask，替换掉原宾语从句的疑问语序部分，最终形成“where to ask”的正确结构。 2．I don’t know what I should do next. (改为简单句) I don’t know ________ ________ ________ next. 【答案】 what to do 【详解】句意：我不知道下一步我该做什么。 原句是宾语从句，要改成简单句，可使用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构替换宾语从句。 从句what I should do可改写为固定结构what to do。 3．“How can I relax myself?” Tom asks me.（改写句子） Tom asks me ________ ________ relax himself. 【答案】 how to 【详解】句意：“我要怎样才能放松自己？”汤姆问我。原直接引语是特殊疑问句，可转换为“疑问词+不定式”结构，保留原疑问词how表示“如何、怎样”，后接不定式符号to，构成how to relax himself的结构。 4．I don’t know which book I should choose first.（改为简单句） I don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________ first. 【答案】 which book to choose 【详解】句意：我不知道该先选哪本书。原句是复合句，其中“which book I should choose first”是宾语从句，在整个句子里作know的宾语。而原句宾语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，在这种情况下，可以采用“疑问词+不定式”的结构来替换宾语从句，使句子变简单。故填which；book；to；choose。 5．The guide told us the lake’s history. She didn’t tell us when we could visit the park. (合并为一句) The guide told us the lake’s history, but she didn’t tell us ________ ________ visit the park. 【答案】 when to 【详解】句意：导游告诉了我们这个湖的历史，但没告诉我们什么时候可以参观公园。原句“She didn’t tell us when we could visit the park.”中包含when引导的宾语从句。“疑问词+不定式”结构可替换宾语从句，when we could visit可改写为when to visit。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) — Could you tell me ________? — Well, it’s at No. 188, South Huanghe Road. A．where is the Suqian Museum B．where the Suqian Museum is C．what is the Suqian Museum D．what the Suqian Museum is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我宿迁博物馆在哪里吗？——嗯，它在黄河南路188号。 宾语从句应用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”。答句回答的是地点，引导词选用where，结合语境，where the Suqian Museum is符合句意。 (2) —I wonder ________. —You can go to your teacher for some suggestions. A．what can I do with my problem B．what I can do with my problem C．how can I do with my problem D．how I can do with my problem 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道我的问题该怎么办。——你可以向老师寻求一些建议。 wonder“想知道”后接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除选项A和C；what…do with是固定搭配；how搭配deal with，排除选项D。 (3) — Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________? — It starts at 8:00 p.m. A．when the band starts playing B．where the band plays C．when does the band start playing D．where does the band play 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下。你能告诉我乐队什么时候开始演奏吗？——晚上8点开始。 根据答语“It starts at 8:00 p.m.”可知，询问的是时间，应用when引导；宾语从句应用陈述语序，where the band plays询问地点，when does the band start playing和where does the band play均为疑问语序，不符合。应填when the band starts playing。 (4) She doesn’t know ________, so she asks us for help. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what she can do it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她不知道如何做这件事，所以向我们求助。 do是及物动词，后面需要接宾语。what作do的宾语，不能再加it，故B错误；how表示方式，不能充当宾语，how to do后面必须加宾语，故C错误；D选项中what和it重复，存在语法错误。how to do it意为“如何做这件事”，语法正确。 (5) There is a performance in the mall. I wonder ________. A．how I can get there B．what can I see C．whether how long it will last D．whether there is something interesting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：商场里有一场演出，我想知道怎么去那里。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，空处为宾语从句，从句为陈述语序，B项可排除；C项中，“whether”和“how long”为连词重复使用，可排除；wonder“想知道”，表示不确定性或疑问，D项中的“something”应该为“anything”，所以可排除D项。故选A。 (6) —I wonder ________. —I suppose he hopes to protect traditional art. A．which free course the artist is offering online B．how the artist teaches others painting C．whether the artist offers free courses online D．why the artist sticks to offering free courses online 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想知道这位艺术家为什么坚持在网上提供免费课程。——我想他是希望保护传统艺术。 根据答句“I suppose he hopes to protect traditional art.”可知，答语解释了原因，为了保护传统艺术，因此问句应该是在询问原因，应填why the artist sticks to offering free courses online。 (7) —Linda, could you tell me ________? —Sure. I got it from my elder sister yesterday. A．what is the new book mainly about B．where did the new book come from C．who gave you the new book D．why you like the new book 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Linda，你能告诉我谁给了你这本新书吗？——当然。我昨天从我姐姐那里得到的。 what is the new book mainly about这本书主要关于什么（疑问句语序）；where did the new book come from这本书从哪里来（疑问句语序）；who gave you the new book谁给了你这本新书（陈述句语序，询问人）；why you like the new book你为什么喜欢这本书（陈述句语序，询问原因）。根据答句“from my elder sister”可知，询问“谁”给的，应用who引导宾语从句，且从句用陈述句语序，应填who gave you the new book。 (8) — Do you know ________? — Maybe he fell off his bike on the way here. A．what is the matter with Tom B．what the matter is with Tom C．what was the wrong with Tom D．what wrong is with Tom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道汤姆怎么了吗？——也许他在来这儿的路上从自行车上摔下来了。 结合题干可知，语句what is the matter/wrong充当宾语从句，语序不需要调整；wrong是形容词，前面不能加the，选项中只有what is the matter with Tom语法正确。 (9) The Youth Ceremony was held successfully. Could you tell me ________? A．who will be the host of it B．which hall was it held in C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech 【答案】C 【详解】句意：青年典礼成功举办。你能告诉我谁的表演让你最激动吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，故B项错误；根据主句“Could you tell me”可知，宾语从句带有疑问语气，D项虽为陈述语序，但“that”引导的宾语从句陈述事实，故D项错误；主句是一般现在时，宾语从句应用所需的任一时态，根据“The Youth Ceremony was held successfully.”可知是一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，故A项时态错误，C项正确。故选C。 (10) The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________. A．who we need B．how to make friends C．what a friend is like D．where we should go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“相互了解是结交新朋友的第一步”这句话告诉我们如何交朋友。 考查宾语从句的简化。who we need我们需要谁；how to make friends如何交朋友；what a friend is like朋友是什么样的；where we should go我们应该去哪里。根据“Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends”可知，交朋友要先相互了解，此处是告诉人们如何交朋友，应用how引导宾语从句，可以简化为“how+动词不定式结构”。故选B。 (11) One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：其中一个矮个子男人开始跟我说话，但我不知道说什么。 考查疑问词加不定式的用法。when to say何时说；what to say说什么；how to say如何说；what to say it错误表达。根据“One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know...”可知，空处指我不知道“说什么”，需what to say，在句中作宾语。故选B。 (12) To get our money’s worth, we need to think carefully about ________. A．what to buy and how to pay B．how to buy and when to buy C．what to buy and how much they will cost D．what to buy and how much will they cost 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了让我们的钱花得物有所值，我们需要仔细考虑买什么、花多少钱。 考查宾语从句。what to buy and how to pay买什么以及如何付款；how to buy and when to buy如何购买以及何时购买；what to buy and how much they will cost买什么以及它们将花费多少钱；what to buy and how much will they cost买什么以及它们要花多少钱。根据“… we need to think carefully about …”可知，句子为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除D；根据“get our money’s worth”可知，首先得考虑要买的东西是不是自己真正需要、有价值的，同时也要考虑其价格，看价格是否合理。故选C。   (13) —Could you please tell me ________? —Sure, the green one. A．when does Kate do some reading B．why did she arrive late for the meeting C．who is your new chemistry teacher D．which kite flew highest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我哪只风筝飞得最高吗？——当然，绿色的那只。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，A、B项为疑问语序，排除；根据答语“the green one”可知询问的是具体哪一个物体，C项询问人，D项询问哪只风筝，符合语境。 (14) —Tom, have you heard the saying “A neighbor nearby is better than a relative far away”? —Yes, and I can’t agree more. It tells us _________. A．how can we be neighbors B．why we should love our families C．that timely support is helpful D．who is the best person in our life 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你听过“远亲不如近邻”这句谚语吗？——是的，我完全同意。它告诉我们及时的帮助很有用。   how can we be neighbors我们怎样才能成为邻居（疑问语序）；why we should love our families为什么我们应该爱我们的家人；that timely support is helpful及时的帮助很有用；who is the best person in our life谁是我们生活中最好的人。“It tells us”后是宾语从句，应是陈述语序；谚语“远亲不如近邻”强调近邻能在需要时提供及时的帮助，故选用that timely support is helpful。 (15) —Do you know ________? He looks quite calm and quiet today. —I’m wondering ________ he has been in the mood to take on any possible challenge. A．what is the matter with him; that B．what’s wrong with him; whether C．what the matter is with him; whether D．what the matter is with him; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道他怎么了吗？他今天看起来相当平静和安静。——我在想他是否有心境接受任何可能的挑战。 what’s the matter with sb.和what’s wrong with sb.是固定表达，意为“某人怎么了”，在宾语从句中语序保持不变，what作主语，故排除C、D；wonder后接从句表不确定的疑问，需用whether“是否”引导，that无疑问含义，故排除A。故选B。 2. 选词填空 A how  when  who  whose  what  which  where (1)Amy asked me I felt about the new school club, and I said it was interesting. (2)I forgot I shared my important school report with last week. (3)I don’t know the online course on life skills will be open. (4)—Look, here is a book. I’m wondering book it is. —It must be Mary’s. J. K. Rowling is her favourite writer. (5)I had a discussion with my parents about school I should go to after graduating. (6)—I often see ASAP in your emails. I wonder it means. —It stands for “as soon as possible”. (7)The foreign tourist asked me to taste the local food. (1)how (2)who (3)when (4)whose (5)which (6)what (7)where 【详解】 (1)句意：埃米问我对于新的学校社团感觉如何，我说它很有趣。根据 “asked me” 以及 “I felt about” 可知，此处询问对某事的感受，应用 how 引导宾语从句，表示 “如何，怎样”。 (2)句意：我忘记了上周和谁分享了我的重要学校报告。根据 “forgot” 以及 “I shared my important school report with” 可知，此处缺少宾语从句的引导词，且指代人，在从句中作 with 的宾语。所给连接词中 “who” 符合语境。 (3)．句意：我不知道关于生活技能的在线课程什么时候开放。根据 “the online course...will be open” 可知，此处询问课程开放的时间。所给连接词中 “when” 符合语境。 (4)．句意：—— 看，这里有一本书。我想知道这是谁的书。—— 它一定是玛丽的。J.K. 罗琳是她最喜欢的作家。根据答语 “It must be Mary’s” 可知，此处询问书的归属，应用 whose 表示 “谁的”，在从句中作定语修饰 book。 (5)．句意：我和父母讨论了毕业后我应该去哪所学校。根据 “school I should go to” 可知，此处表示在特定范围内选择哪一所学校。所给连接词中 “which” 符合语境。 (6)．句意：—— 我经常在邮件里看到 ASAP。我想知道它是什么意思。—— 它代表 “尽快”。根据 “it means” 可知，mean 是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，应用 what 引导宾语从句，表示 “什么”。 (7)．句意：那位外国游客问我在哪里可以品尝当地食物。根据 “asked me...to taste the local food” 可知，此处表示询问地点，应用 where，且 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构在句中作宾语。 B if / whose / how long / how many / whom (1) Do you know they are waiting for? (2) Could you tell me people will attend the meeting tomorrow? (3) He asked me I taught English. (4) The teacher wants to know book it is. (5) I forget I have been studying in the classroom. 【答案】(1)whom (2)how many (3)if (4)whose (5)how long 【解析】 (1)句意：你知道他们在等谁吗？根据“Do you know...they are waiting for?”可知应用whom“谁”引导宾语从句，作for的宾语，故填whom。 (2)句意：你能告诉我明天有多少人参加会议吗？根据“Could you tell me...people will attend the meeting tomorrow”可知是指多少人，how many“多少”，故填how many。 (3)句意：他问我是否教过英语。根据“He asked me...I taught English.”可知是指是否教英语，if“是否”，故填if。 (4)句意：老师想知道这是谁的书。根据“wants to know...book it is.”可知用whose表示“谁的”，故填whose。 (5)句意：我忘了我在教室里学习了多长时间了。根据“I forget...I have been studying in the classroom.”可知是指时间的长短，应用how long，故填how long。 3. 完成句子 (1) Where did she put the opera ticket? She cannot remember. She cannot remember ________ ________ ________ the opera ticket. 【答案】 where she put 【详解】句意：她把歌剧票放在哪里了？她记不清了。原特殊疑问句转化为宾语从句时，特殊疑问词不变，其后要改成陈述语序，去掉助动词did，谓语动词put使用过去式。 (2) The reporter asked Damin, “How do you deal with the fish after returning home?”（改为宾语从句） The reporter asked Damin how ________ ________ with the fish after returning home. 【答案】 he dealt 【详解】句意：记者问达明：“回家后你怎么处理这些鱼？”。直接引语变宾语从句时，要遵循两个规则：1. 从句语序改为陈述语序，原直接引语的主语是you，指代主句的宾语Damin（男性），要换成he；2. 主句谓语asked是一般过去时，从句的原一般现在时要对应变为一般过去时，原句的deal变为过去式dealt。 (3) “Which train should I take to the airport?” the passenger asked. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) The passenger asked ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to the airport. 【答案】 which train he should take 【详解】句意：这位乘客问道：“我应该乘坐哪一趟火车去机场？”原句中直接引语是特殊疑问句，要求改为含宾语从句的复合句，引导词沿用原疑问词which train；宾语从句要用陈述语序，直接引语中的“I”对应主句主语“the passenger”，要转换为he，后接情态动词“should”，情态动词后接动词原形take。故填which；train；he；should；take。 (4) When will they have a picnic? Could you tell me? (合并为含宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me _______________________________________? 【答案】when they will have a picnic 【详解】句意：他们将什么时候去野餐？你能告诉我吗？要求合并为宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语”。原句中的疑问词When作为连接词，首字母小写；主语是they；主句中Could表委婉语气，并非过去式，所以从句时态无需改变，保留一般将来时will have a picnic。 (5) Why is she late? Can you explain? (合并为宾语从句) Can you explain ________ ________ ________ late? 【答案】 why she is 【详解】句意：她为什么迟到？你能解释一下吗？将特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，保留疑问词why，从句用陈述语序，原句Why is she late?中的is应移到主语she之后，变为why she is late。 (6) She can’t decide where she should go for the holiday. (改写为“特殊疑问词 + 不定式”结构) __________________________________________________ 【答案】She can’t decide where to go for the holiday. 【详解】句意：她无法决定去哪里度假。句子为一般现在时，改写为特殊疑问词加不定式结构需要把宾语从句where she should go简化为where to go。 (7) We are discussing when we should leave. (改写为“特殊疑问词 + 不定式”结构) __________________________________________________ 【答案】We are discussing when to leave. 【详解】句意：我们正在讨论什么时候出发。句子为现在进行时，改写为特殊疑问词加不定式结构需要把宾语从句when we should leave简化为when to leave。 (8) Let’s discuss who we’ll choose as the new chairperson of the organization. (改为简单句) Let’s discuss ________ ________ choose as the new chairperson of the organization. 【答案】 who to 【详解】句意：让我们来讨论一下谁将成为本组织的新主席。原句为复合句，特殊疑问词“who”引导宾语从句；原句中主句的主语是“we”(在Let’s结构中是隐含的)，而从句的主语也是“we”，此时可以把句子改写成“特殊疑问词+to do不定式”结构，不定式的逻辑主语和主句的主语一致。故填who；to。 (9) Could you tell me how I should use proper language? (改为简单句) Could you tell me ________ ________ use proper language? 【答案】 how to 【详解】句意：你能告诉我该如何使用恰当的语言吗？原句是how引导的宾语从句，且从句的主语和主句的宾语指同一人，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，故填how；to。 (10) What is wrong with the plane? I wondered. (改为宾语从句) I wondered ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 what was wrong with the plane 【详解】句意：飞机怎么了？我想知道。原句是特殊疑问句，改为宾语从句时，引导词保留原疑问词what。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语）。原句“What is wrong…”中What充当主语，语序本身就是陈述语序，因此无需调整单词顺序。主句谓语动词wondered是一般过去时，根据“主过从过”的原则，从句的时态需由一般现在时（is）改为一般过去时（was）。故填what；was；wrong；with；the；plane。 (11) “Who will be in charge of the next class meeting?” Mr Green asked us.（改为宾语从句） Mr Green asked us ________ ________ be in charge of the next class meeting. 【答案】 who would 【详解】句意：“下次班会谁负责？”格林先生问我们。根据asked可知，从句用过去的某个时态，结合“will be”可知，从句用过去将来时would do的结构，故填who；would。 (12) Whose schoolbag is on the desk? Father asked.（合并为含有宾语从句的复合句） Father asked ________ schoolbag ________on the desk. 【答案】 whose was 【详解】句意：爸爸问：谁的书包在课桌上？根据句子结构可知，上句是两个简单句，要求改为含有宾语从句的复合句，第一空后面是名词schoolbag，用whose，表示谁的书包；再者根据“Father asked”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，因此宾语从句的时态要保持一致，is的过去式是was。故填whose；was。 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 用适当的引导词填空 (1) I don’t understand my grandma can’t remember my name. (2) Could you tell me book talks about short-term memory? (3) Rick believes his grandma will get better after hospital treatment. (4) No one knows happened to Mother Fox on the way home. (5) I wonder we can improve memory by listening to soft music. (6) Chen Jie asks he meets grandpa every weekend. (7) The professor explained memory stores happy feelings more easily. (8) Do you know the memory lecture will start tomorrow? (9) Billy can’t remember notebook he wrote his speech plan in. (10) We all want to find out memory is stored in our brain. (11) She doesn’t know her grandpa’s kite park lies. (12) Tell me advice Fu Xing gave Billy about forgetfulness. (13) I’m not sure short-term memory can turn into long-term memory. (14) Everyone wants to know makes us mix up similar words. (15) Professor Green told us linking knowledge means. 【答案】 (1) why (2) which (3) that (4) what (5) if (6) where (7) why (8) when (9) which (10) where (11) where (12) what (13) whether (14) what (15) what 【详解】 (1)句意：我不明白我奶奶为什么记不住我的名字。此处需要一个连接副词，引导宾语从句，表示原因。根据 “my grandma can’t remember my name” 可知，作者不明白的是奶奶记不住名字的 “原因”，应用 why。 (2) 句意：你能告诉我哪本书讲的是短期记忆吗？此处需要一个连接代词，引导宾语从句，修饰名词 “book”，表示在特定范围内进行选择。根据 “________ book talks about short-term memory” 可知，是问 “哪一本” 书，应用 which。 (3) 句意：Rick 相信他的奶奶在医院治疗后会更好了。此处需要一个连接词引导宾语从句。从句 “his grandma will get better after hospital treatment” 结构完整，意义明确，不缺任何成分，应用 that。 (4) 句意：没有人知道 Fox 妈妈在回家路上发生了什么。此处需要一个连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。根据 “________ happened to Mother Fox” 可知，happened 缺少主语，指代 “发生的事情”，应用 what。 (5) 句意：我想知道我们是否能通过听轻音乐来提高记忆力。此处需要一个连接词，引导宾语从句，表示 “是否”。根据 “we can improve memory by listening to soft music” 可知，是询问能否通过听轻音乐提高记忆力，应用 if。 (6) 句意：陈杰问他每个周末在哪里遇见爷爷。此处需要一个连接副词，引导宾语从句，表示地点。根据 “he meets grandpa every weekend” 可知，meets grandpa 缺少地点状语，是问在 “哪里” 遇见爷爷，应用 where。 (7) 句意：教授解释了为什么记忆更容易储存快乐的情感。此处需要一个连接副词，引导宾语从句，表示原因。根据 “memory stores happy feelings more easily” 可知，教授解释的是记忆更容易储存快乐情感的 “原因”，应用 why。 (8) 句意：你知道记忆讲座明天什么时候开始吗？此处需要一个连接副词，引导宾语从句，表示时间。根据 “the memory lecture will start tomorrow” 可知，是问讲座 “什么时候” 开始，应用 when。 (9) 句意：Billy 不记得他把演讲计划写在哪本笔记本里了。此处需要一个连接代词，修饰名词 “notebook”，表示在特定范围内进行选择。根据 “________ notebook he wrote his speech plan in” 可知，是问 “哪一本” 笔记本，应用 which。 (10) 句意：我们都想弄清楚记忆储存在大脑的什么地方。此处需要一个连接副词，引导宾语从句，表示地点。根据 “memory is stored in our brain” 可知，是问记忆储存在大脑的 “哪里”，应用 where。 (11) 句意：她不知道她爷爷的风筝公园在哪里。此处需要一个连接副词，引导宾语从句，表示地点。根据 “her grandpa’s kite park lies” 可知，lies 缺少地点状语，是问风筝公园在 “哪里”，应用 where。 (12) 句意：告诉我付星给了 Billy 关于健忘的什么建议。此处需要一个连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。根据 “________ advice Fu Xing gave Billy about forgetfulness” 可知，gave 缺少直接宾语，指代 “建议”，应用 what。 (13) 句意：我不确定短期记忆是否能转化为长期记忆。此处需要一个连接词，引导宾语从句，表示 “是否”。根据 “short-term memory can turn into long-term memory” 可知，是不确定短期记忆 “是否” 能转化为长期记忆，应用 whether。 (14) 句意：每个人都想知道是什么让我们混淆相似的单词。此处需要一个连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。根据 “________ makes us mix up similar words” 可知，makes 缺少主语，指代 “让我们混淆相似单词的事物”，应用 what。 (15) 句意：格林教授告诉我们联系知识意味着什么。此处需要一个连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。根据 “linking knowledge means” 可知，means 缺少宾语，指代 “联系知识所意味着的内容”，应用 what。 2. 短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，根据上下文提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。 Once, little Squeaky the squirrel had a wonderful adventure after finding a bright shining key under an old oak tree. One sunny morning, she was curious about (1) she should do with the special key. She decided to ask her wise old owl friend for advice, and then ran out of her tree hole and headed for the owl’s nest deep in the quiet forest. After a long walk, Squeaky heard a soft hoot ahead and wondered (2) she could find the owl’s nest more quickly. She spotted a narrow path winding toward a rocky cave and thought, “This must be the right way!” When she stepped inside, the old owl sat on a smooth stone and smiled, “I’ve been waiting for you. Do you know (3) this wonderful key truly belongs to?” Squeaky shook her head gently and whispered, “I found it by accident, so I have no idea (4) it was left in this quiet spot.” She added softly, “I also don’t know (5) this key will take me on my journey.” The owl flapped its wings slowly and said, “You must walk slowly through the thorns to keep yourself safe.” Squeaky felt so excited at the thought of hidden treasure that she thanked the owl warmly and set off at once… 【答案】(1)what (2)how (3)who (4)why (5)where 【导语】本文主要讲述了一只名叫Squeaky的松鼠捡到一把钥匙后，向猫头鹰请教关于钥匙的用途、主人及来历的冒险故事。 【详解】 (1)句意：一个阳光明媚的早晨，她很好奇她应该用这把特殊的钥匙做什么。空处引导宾语从句作介词about的宾语，从句中谓语动词do缺少宾语，指代“什么事情”，故填what。 (2)句意：走了很长一段路后，Squeaky听到前面传来柔和的叫声，想知道如何才能更快地找到猫头鹰的巢穴。空处引导宾语从句作wondered的宾语，根据句意可知此处表示方式“如何”，故填how。 (3)句意：你知道这把奇妙的钥匙真正属于谁吗？空处引导宾语从句作know的宾语，belongs to后接人作对象，指代“谁”，故填who。 (4)句意：我偶然发现了它，所以我不知道它为什么被留在这个安静的地方。空处引导从句解释说明idea的内容，根据语境可知此处表示原因“为什么”，故填why。 (5)句意：我也不知道这把钥匙会在我的旅程中带我去哪里。空处引导宾语从句作know的宾语，动词take隐含地点方向，指代“哪里”，故填where。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I still remember the day when I first started middle school. I didn’t know (1) I would make new friends or not. Everything seemed strange to me. My mother told me (2) (be) brave and open my heart to others. During the first week, I met a girl (3) (call) Lucy. She asked me (4) I liked reading. I said yes, and we became good friends soon. We shared our favorite books and talked about (5) we wanted to be in the future. One day, Lucy asked me, “Do you know (6) the school library closes?” I told her I didn't know. Then we decided (7) (find) out together. When we got there, the librarian told us that the library (8) (close) at 5:30 p.m. every day. Now, two years (9) (pass). Lucy and I are still best friends. I’ve learned that friendship is one of the (10) (precious) gifts in life. 【答案】(1) whether (2) to be (3) called (4) if/whether (5) what (6) when (7) to find (8) closes (9) has passed (10) most precious 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者刚上初中时对新环境十分陌生，在妈妈的鼓励下学着勇敢敞开心扉，结识了好友露西，二人相伴两年，作者也从中领悟到友谊是人生中最珍贵的馈赠之一。 【详解】 (1) 句意：我不知道我是否能交到新朋友。此处为宾语从句，句末有 “or not”，表达 “是否” 的含义，只能用连接词 whether 引导该从句，构成 “whether...or not” 的固定搭配。 (2) 句意：我的妈妈告诉我要勇敢，向别人敞开心扉。tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，是固定搭配，空格处应用动词不定式 to be。 (3) 句意：在第一周，我遇到了一个叫露西的女孩。“girl” 和 call 之间是被动关系，需要用过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词 “girl”，call 的过去分词为 called。 (4) 句意：她问我是否喜欢阅读。此处为宾语从句，结合 “She asked me...” 可知，询问的是不确定的事情，表达 “是否” 的含义，连接词 if/whether 都可引导该从句。 (5) 句意：我们分享自己最喜欢的书，谈论未来我们想成为什么样的人。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，指代 “什么身份 / 什么样的人”，用连接代词 what 引导该从句。 (6) 句意：你知道学校图书馆什么时候关门吗？根据后文 “...at 5:30 p.m. every day” 可知，此处询问的是图书馆关门的时间，用 when 作引导词。 (7) 句意：然后我们决定一起弄清楚。decide to do sth.“决定做某事” 是固定搭配，空格处应填入不定式 to find。 (8) 句意：图书管理员告诉我们图书馆每天下午 5 点半关门。此处表述图书馆的常规开放规则，是客观事实，需要用一般现在时，主语 “the library” 是单数，谓语动词用三单形式 closes。 (9) 句意：现在，两年已经过去了。根据语境，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，强调对现在的影响，要用现在完成时 “have/has done”，主语 “two years” 表示时间整体，作主语时视为单数，助动词用 has，pass 的过去分词是 passed。 (10) 句意：我认识到友谊是生命中最珍贵的礼物之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 是固定搭配，表示 “最…… 的…… 之一”，precious 的最高级形式为 most precious。 3. 翻译句子 (1) 我记不清我把记忆卡片放在哪里了。 【答案】I can’t remember where I put my memory cards. (2) 他想弄清楚哪一种记忆技巧对学生最有用。 【答案】He wants to find out which memory skill is the most useful for students. (3) 你能告诉我我们如何把新旧知识联系在一起吗？ 【答案】Could you tell me how we can link new knowledge with old knowledge? (4) 定期复习能帮助我们更好地记住所学内容。 【答案】Regular review can help us remember what we’ve learned better. (5) 我想知道我们什么时候去参观文学博物馆。 【答案】I want to know when we will visit the Literature Museum. (6) 这个视频向我们展示了马鞍山四十年前的样子。 【答案】This video shows us what Maanshan looked like forty years ago. (7) 你知道如何使用这个新机器吗？ 【答案】Do you know how to use this new machine? (8) 他们正在讨论要去电影院看哪部电影。 【答案】They are discussing which film to watch at the cinema. (9) 顺便问一下，你清楚什么时间上交你的家庭作业吗？ 【答案】By the way, are you clear when to hand in your homework?/By the way, are you clear when you hand in your homework? (10) 没有人知道我们可以向谁倾诉烦恼。 【答案】No one knows who we can talk to about our worries. (11) 没有人知道为什么有些人拥有很强的长期记忆。 【答案】Nobody knows why some people have very strong long-term memories. (12) 你知道这是谁的粉色外套吗？ 【答案】Do you know whose pink coat this is/ Do you know whose this pink coat is? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $