Unit 3 Food and culture 知识点清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

人教版高中英语选修二Unit3 Food and culture知识点清单 1. consist of 由……组成(或构成) 教材原句 P26 For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers. 例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左宗棠甜辣鸡，这道菜是用甜味酱包裹着的油炸过的鸡块再加上红辣椒调味做成的。 ● The team consisting of 12 girls has won the game. 由12个女孩组成的队伍赢了比赛。 特别注意 consist of 不用于进行时和被动语态。 联想拓展 ①表示“由……组成/构成”的其他常见短语有：be made up of、be composed of、be formed by、be comprised of ②consist in (=lie in) 在于；取决于 ● The true wealth does not consist in what we have, but in what we are. 真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么，而在于我们是什么样的人。 2. consume释义 vt. 吃；喝；饮；消耗；消费 教材原句 P27 At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. 至少，当地人食用的食物种类告诉我们，他们在当地种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。 • The electric power industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuel. 电力工业消耗大量的化石燃料。 • If prices go down, he can consume more stuff, and his purchasing power will increase. 如果价格下跌，他可以消费更多物品，他的购买力就会增加。 熟词生义 vt. 烧毁；毁灭；使充满（强烈的感情） • The glow of destructive flames is consuming many parts of the state. 破坏性的大火正在吞噬这个国家的许多地区。 • I can't allow myself to get consumed with my own grief. 我不能让自己沉浸在悲伤之中。 联想词 ①consumption n. 吃；喝；消费；消耗（量） ②consumer n. 消费者；用户；顾客 联想拓展 -consuming suffix 大量耗费（时间、精力等）的 time-consuming adj. 耗时的 energy-consuming adj. 耗费精力的；耗能的 3. association n. 协会；关联；联合 • A study has found that there has been an association between screen time and health problems. 一项研究发现屏幕使用时间与健康问题之间存在关联。 常用搭配 in association with 与……联合；与……有关联 • A head injury, for example, can damage the nerves in association with smell. 例如，头部受伤会损害与嗅觉有关的神经。 联想词 ①associate vt. 联想；联系 adj. 副的 associate sb/sth with... 把某人/某物与……联系在一起 • Many foreigners associate Chinese cuisine with rich flavours and beautiful colours. 许多外国人将中国菜与浓郁的风味和漂亮的色泽联系在一起。 ②associated adj. 有关联的；相关的 be associated with 与……相关 • This phenomenon is particularly prevalent in the areas associated with memory and learning. 这种现象在与记忆和学习相关的区域中尤为常见。 4. quantity n. 数量；数额 教材原句 P32 Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients. 加工食品通常营养含量较少，而且比新鲜食材的糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。 • You should not just highlight the quantity of your daily movement, but pay attention to the quality and frequency as well. 你不应该只强调每天的运动量，也要注意运动的质量和频率。 常用搭配 large quantities of/a large quantity of 大量的 in large/small quantities 大量地/少量地 • These parts are produced in large quantities. 这些零件是大批量生产的。 特别注意 “a large quantity of+可数名词复数/不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词；“large quantities of+可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词应用复数形式，“large quantities of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词复数。 • A large quantity of air conditioners have been sold since the summer came. 自入夏以来，大量的空调已被售出。 • With many forests being destroyed, large quantities of rich earth is/are being washed away each year. 随着许多林区遭到破坏，每年都有大量的肥沃土壤被冲走。 • Large quantities of apples were in the basket and a large quantity of milk was in the bucket. 篮子里有大量的苹果，桶里有大量的牛奶。 5. consistent adj. 一致的；一贯的；连续的；相符的 教材原句 P32 In addition, studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, taking three meals a day at the same time each day, are better for our health. 此外，研究表明，固定的饮食习惯，例如每天在同样的时间进食三餐，对我们的健康更有好处。 常用搭配 be consistent in sth 在某方面一致 be consistent with... 与……相符/一致 • Judges must be firm, fair and consistent in their application of the law. 法官在使用法律时必须坚定、公正和前后一致。 • His behaviour is consistent with his belief. 他的行为是他的信条一致。 熟词生义 adj. 持续不变的；稳定发展的 • In recent years, with the rapid development of high-tech industries, the country's economy has shown a consistent improvement. 近年来，随着高科技产业的快速发展，该国经济呈现持续稳定的好转。 反义词 inconsistent adj. 不一致的；不符合的 联想词 ①consistently adv. 一致地；一贯地 ②consistency n. 一致性；连贯性 6. trick ① n. 诀窍；计谋；把戏 教材原句 P32 There is no one trick to healthy eating. 健康饮食没有诀窍。 • a magic trick 魔术 常用搭配 play tricks/a trick on sb 欺骗/捉弄某人 trick or treat 不给糖就捣蛋 do the trick 奏效；达到预期效果 • I don't know what it was that did the trick, but I am definitely feeling much better. 我不知道是什么起了作用，但我确实感觉好多了。 ② vt. 欺骗；欺诈 常用搭配 trick sb into doing sth 诱骗某人做某事 trick sb out of sth 骗取某人某物 • An advertiser might be trying to trick customers into buying a product or a service. 广告商可能试图哄骗顾客购买某种产品或服务。 联想词 tricky adj. 难办的；狡猾的 联想拓展 表示“捉弄；取笑”的其他常用短语 play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 make a fool of sb 愚弄某人 make fun of sb 拿某人开玩笑；嘲弄某人 make a joke of sth 拿某事开玩笑 句型解析 长难句分析 1 Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. 句意 来中国之前，我唯一接触到中国烹饪的经历是在美国，（那里的）中国食物已经被改良，以满足美国人的口味。 2Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. P26 句意 我们又累又饿，而且一句汉语也不会，不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最好的饭菜。 【知识拓展】 形容词作状语与副词作状语的区别 (1)形容词作状语时，多表示主语的状态；副词作状语时，通常修饰动词、形容词、其他副词等，常表示事情发生的时间、地点、方式、条件、原因等，还可以表示让步或程度。 (2)有些副词置于句首，可修饰全句，作评注性状语。 →表示主语的状态 ● Surprised, when I opened my bag, I saw my lost phone. 我很惊讶，当我打开包时，我看到了我丢失的手机。 →修饰整个句子 ● Not surprisingly, with youth unemployment so high, some school-leavers with qualifications fail to find jobs. 年轻人失业率如此之高，难怪一些具备专业资格的中学毕业生会找不到工作。 3 It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help. P26 句意 它已经成为中国北方人民最喜爱的传统菜肴之一，在中国北方包饺子一直是一家人的事，从孩子到老人，每个人都参与其中去帮忙。 【知识拓展】 with复合结构 with复合结构由“with+宾语+宾补”构成，主要在句中充当状语。其中宾语由名词或代词充当，宾语补足语有以下形式： 现在分词:作宾补的词或短语与宾语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且动作正在进行 with time going by 随着时间的流逝 with work filling my mind 我满脑子都是工作 现在分词的被动式:动作正在被进行 with my car being repaired 我的车正在被修理 过去分词:作宾补的词或短语与宾语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且动作已经完成 with his hands tied 他的双手被绑着 动词不定式:动作将要发生 with a lot of problems to solve 有很多问题尚待解决 形容词 with the door open 门开着 副词 with the light on 灯亮着 名词(短语) with Mrs Smith my teacher 史密斯夫人是我的老师 介词短语 with her baby on her back 她的孩子在她背上 4 The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100—150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. 句意 美国心脏协会建议我们将每天从糖中摄取的热量控制在100—150卡路里以内，一罐甜饮料或一根糖果棒通常所含的热量都比这个多。 【知识拓展】 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 (1) recommend 表示“建议;劝告”时，后面接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用 “should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。有此用法的动词有:一坚持(insist);二命令 (command、order);三建议(advise、suggest、recommend);四要求(demand、ask、require、request)。 ● He insisted that the problem worthy of attention (should) be discussed at the meeting. 他坚持要求在会上讨论这个值得关注的问题。 ● Teachers suggest parents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school. 老师们建议家长不要允许12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。 (2)以上动词对应的名词后跟表语从句或同位语从句时也要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。 ● He agreed with my suggestion that we (should) change the date. 他同意我提出的更改日期的建议。 【特别注意】 很多表示“建议”“要求”“命令”“请求”等意思的词或结构后接从句时，从句谓语常用“(should+)动词原形”。但当这些词不表示“建议”“要求”“命令”“请求”等意思时，从句谓语不用“(should+)动词原形”。 ● His yawns suggested that he would like to go to bed. 他哈欠连连，这表明他想上床睡觉了。(句中的suggested是“表明”的意思，从句不用虚拟语气) 高频句式 句式① there is/has been much debate on/over/about/as to... 关于……有很多争论 链接课文 There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet. 现在关于健康饮食的构成有很多争论。 经典例句 ● There has also been much debate in recent years on the effects of TV viewing on infants. 近年来关于看电视对婴儿的影响的争论也不少。 句式② there is increasing evidence that... 越来越多的证据表明…… 链接课文 However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 然而，越来越多的证据表明，健康状况不佳的真正推手并非许多高脂食物，而是糖。 经典例句 ● There is increasing scientific evidence that large cars cause more traffic accidents than small cars. 越来越多的科学证据表明，大型汽车比小型汽车造成的交通事故更多。 句式③ it's up to sb to do sth 由某人决定做某事；做某事是某人的义务/职责 链接课文 It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.由你自己决定你想要怎样生活，并在饮食方面作出正确的抉择。 经典例句 · It's up to all of us to solve the problems in our neighbourhood. 解决我们社区的问题是我们所有人的义务。 知识拓展 be up to (doing) sth 意为“有资格，能胜任，适于(做)某事”，相当于 be fit for (doing) sth。 · I'm not sure if she is really up to the job. 我不确定她是否真的适合做那份工作。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $