Unit 3 Same or Different（单元知识清单）-【知识大闯关】2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 3 Same or Different · 单元知识清单 班级 ______　姓名 ______　得分 ______ 共 8 关｜满分 100★｜建议用时 60 分钟　｜　答案已用红色标出：先自己做，再看红色答案 Unit 3 Same or Different 单元知识清单（全单元总复习）· 闯关学习单 【通关地图】 关卡 闯关内容 满分 我的星星 第 1 关 热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 2 关 分类词汇站 · 24 个必背词 12★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 3 关 短语快车道 · 15 个高频短语 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 4 关 交际套句 · 差异话题金句 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 5 关 语法闯关 · 比较级与 as…as 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 6 关 考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 7 关 终极挑战赛（单选 / 阅读 / 拼写 / 完成句子） 23★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 8 关 写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 合计 加油，你离「交友思想家」只差 1 颗星 100★ 第 1 关　热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜　（10★） 先别翻下面的清单！凭记忆试一试，答对 1 题得 2★，看看你能拿几颗星。 ★ 冲关开始（5 小题 × 2★） 1.【中文快译】比较；对比（动词）→ compare 2.【谜语猜词】The way a person looks to other people. 谜底（名词）：appearance 3.【选词填空】My sister is much faster than me, so she always wins the races.　(faster / fastest) 4.【首字母填空】My deskmate is very outgoing and she makes friends easily.（外向的） 5.【中译英】有共同之处（短语）→ have sth in common 第 2 关　分类词汇站 · 24 个必背词　（12★） 按主题分类记单词，记得更牢。背诵版看红色英文，默写版只看中文和音标自己写。 一、性格与品质（7 词） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 1 害羞的 shy /ʃaɪ/ 搭配：be shy about sth 对某事害羞 2 懒惰的；懒洋洋的 lazy /ˈleɪzi/ 搭配：a lazy boy 一个懒惰的男孩 3 外向的 outgoing /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ 搭配：be outgoing with sb 对人随和 4 勤奋的 hard-working /ˌhɑːdˈwɜːkɪŋ/ 搭配：a hard-working student 5 坦率的；简单的 straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ 搭配：be straightforward with sb 6 坦诚的；诚实的 honest /ˈɒnɪst/ 搭配：be honest with sb 对某人坦诚 7 率直的；直接的 direct /dəˈrekt/ 搭配：a direct answer 直截了当的回答 二、外貌与描述（4 词） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 8 外表；露面 appearance /əˈpɪərəns/ 搭配：make an appearance 露面 9 性格；品质 personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ 搭配：a strong personality 坚强的性格 10 苗条的；薄的 slim /slɪm/ 搭配：a slim girl 一个苗条的女孩 11 宜人的；友好的 pleasant /ˈpleznt/ 搭配：a pleasant day 愉快的一天 三、比较与差异（5 词） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 12 比较；对比 compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ 搭配：compare A with B 把 A 与 B 作比较 13 差异；不同 difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ 搭配：make a difference 有影响 14 相似之处 similarity /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ 搭配：the similarities between A and B 15 相像的；相似地 alike /əˈlaɪk/ 搭配：look alike 看起来相像 16 平均的；平常的；平均数 average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ 搭配：on average 平均而言 四、兴趣与情感（4 词） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 17 业余爱好；兴趣；使感兴趣 interest /ˈɪntrəst/ 搭配：show an interest in sth 18 理解力；感觉；意识到 sense /sens/ 搭配：a sense of humour 幽默感 19 幽默；幽默感 humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ 搭配：a great sense of humour 20 看法；意见 opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ 搭配：in one’s opinion 在某人看来 五、其他高频词（4 词） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 21 响亮地；大声的 loud /laʊd/ 搭配：speak loud 大声说 22 人物；个性 character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ 搭配：the main character 主角 23 友谊；友情 friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ 搭配：a true friendship 真正的友谊 24 交换（动词 & 名词） exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ 搭配：exchange sth with sb 和某人交换 第 3 关　短语快车道 · 15 个高频短语　（10★） 先记短语，再读例句。默写版请先写出短语，再把例句中文译成英语。 序号 短语 含义 例句 1 compare…with… 把……与……作比较 My deskmate compared her answers with mine after the test.（考试后我的同桌把她的答案和我的做了比较。） 2 have sth in common 有共同之处 The two boys have a lot in common and often play together.（这两个男孩有很多共同之处，经常一起玩。） 3 be different from 与……不同 My cousin’s eating habits are different from mine.（我表弟的饮食习惯和我的不同。） 4 the population of ……的人口 The population of this small town is about twenty thousand.（这个小镇的人口大约有两万。） 5 hang out 闲逛；出去玩 The three girls often hang out in the bookshop after school.（这三个女孩放学后常一起逛书店。） 6 because of 因为；由于 Our class won the match because of the whole team’s hard work.（由于全队的努力，我们班赢得了比赛。） 7 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 Our teacher often encourages us to speak English bravely.（我们老师常鼓励我们勇敢地说英语。） 8 be afraid of sth 害怕某物 My little sister is afraid of big dogs.（我妹妹害怕大狗。） 9 solve the problem 解决问题 The two students solved the problem together after class.（这两个学生课后一起解决了这道题。） 10 play the Chinese flute 吹奏中国长笛 My cousin can play the Chinese flute very well.（我表弟中国长笛吹得非常好。） 11 win the first prize 赢得一等奖 Our team won the first prize in the school singing competition.（我们队在学校歌唱比赛中赢得了一等奖。） 12 take part in 参加（活动、比赛） More than thirty students took part in the school sports meeting.（三十多名学生参加了学校运动会。） 13 work hard 努力工作 / 学习 My deskmate works hard and always gets good grades.（我的同桌学习努力，总能取得好成绩。） 14 as…as… 像……一样…… My brother runs as fast as his classmate.（我弟弟跑得和他同学一样快。） 15 in one’s spare time 在某人的空闲时间 Grandpa reads newspapers in his spare time.（爷爷在空闲时间看报纸。） 第 4 关　交际套句 · 差异话题金句　（10★） 这些句子写作时直接套用。背下模板，再换上自己的主语和谓语，句子就是你的了。 一、谈论异同与比较（高频问答句型） 套句模板（课文原型） 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） —Who dances better, Ella or Emma?　—Emma dances better than Ella. ——谁跳舞跳得更好，埃拉还是埃玛？——埃玛比埃拉跳得好。 —Who sings better, Lucy or Lily?　—Lily sings better than Lucy. I’m a little quieter than Ella. And she is funnier than me. 我比埃拉更安静一些，而她比我更有趣。 My brother is a little taller than me. And he is much stronger than me. The population of Vancouver is larger than that of Guangzhou in 2024. 2024 年温哥华的人口比广州多。 The population of our city is smaller than that of theirs in 2025. Guangzhou has pleasant temperatures in January. It is warmer than Vancouver in January. 广州一月份的温度很宜人，它比温哥华一月份要温暖。 Kunming has pleasant weather in spring. It is warmer than Harbin in spring. He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches. 他打羽毛球比我打得好，所以他总会赢得我们的比赛。 My sister swims faster than I do, so she always wins the races. 二、谈论朋友与友谊 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） I think a good friend is like a mirror. 我认为一位好朋友就像一面镜子。 I think a true friend is like a warm light. For me, friends who are different make me better. 对我来说，（与我）不同的朋友让我变得更好。 For me, friends who share my hobbies make me happier. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. 他不怕发表他的意见，尤其是当他认为我正在犯错误的时候。 She is never afraid to say what she thinks, especially when her friends need advice. I am not as straightforward as he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend. 我不像他那么坦率，但我很高兴拥有一位诚实的朋友。 My cousin is not as outgoing as I am, but she is glad to have a hard-working friend. I don’t really care if my friends are similar to or different from me. 我真的不在乎我的朋友是与我相似还是与我不同。 I don’t really mind if my classmates agree with me or not. 三、表达关心与情感（写作万能句型） 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations. 她帮助我在困难的情况下看到一线希望。 My teacher helps me see the silver lining when I fail an exam. I know she cares about me because she’s always there to listen. 我知道她关心我，因为她总是在那里倾听。 I know he cares about me because he always stands by me. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一位真正的朋友会向你伸出援手并且触动你的心。 A good deskmate shares his notes with you and cares about your feelings. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 我们总是准备伸出援手，帮助彼此。 The two brothers are always ready to help each other by sharing their ideas. Our pleasure! It is a great pleasure to help you. 我们的荣幸！帮助你我感到十分愉快。 My pleasure! It is a great pleasure to study with you. 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 比较级与 as…as　（15★） 本单元核心语法！原级、比较级的用法 + 规则与不规则变化，一关搞懂。 一、形容词和副词原级的用法 结构 / 用法 例句（已改写） 说明人或物自身的特征、性质或状态 The flowers in our garden are beautiful. 被 very、so、too、enough、quite 等修饰 My cousin is very tall and quiet. A + as + 原级 + as + B（A 和 B 一样……） The old library is as big as the new one. A + not as / so + 原级 + as + B（A 不如 B……） This road is not as wide as that one. A + 倍数 + as + 原级 + as + B（A 是 B 的……倍） Our classroom is twice as large as theirs. 二、形容词和副词比较级的用法 ① 形容词/副词的比较级 + than：My cousin sings more beautifully than her sister. ② 倍数 + 比较级 + than：His new bike is twice bigger than mine. ③ the + 比较级 + of the two + 复数名词（两者中较……的一个）：She is the taller of the two girls. ④ 比较级 + and + 比较级 / more and more + 原级（越来越……）：The weather is getting hotter and hotter. ⑤ the + 比较级, the + 比较级（越……就越……）：The more carefully you listen, the more you will learn. ⑥ a / an + 比较级 + 名词单数 / 代词 one（一个更……的）：The coat is too big for me, so I want to change it for a smaller one. ⑦ 修饰比较级的词有 much、even、far、a little、twice、many times、a bit、rather 等：It is even colder today. 三、比较级和最高级的规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 / 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加 -er / -est fast faster / fastest 以字母 e 结尾，只加 -r / -st late / wide later / widest 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写再加 -er / -est big / hot bigger / hottest 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，先变 y 为 i 再加 -er / -est busy / happy busier / happiest 多音节词和部分双音节词前加 more / most careful / expensive more careful / most expensive 少数以 -er、-ow 结尾的双音节词，加 -er / -est clever / narrow cleverer / narrower 四、比较级和最高级的不规则变化 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 两好 good / well better best 两坏 bad / badly / ill worse worst 两多 many / much more most 一少 little less least 一远 far farther / further farthest / furthest 一老 old older / elder oldest / eldest 五、三大易错点 + 对点训练 ★ 易错点 01 易错点 01　as…as 中间必须用原级 原理：as…as 表示“和……一样”，中间用形容词/副词原级，不能用比较级。 ✘ She sings as better as her sister.　✅ She sings as well as her sister. 1. This street is as ______ (wide) as that one.　wide 2. My brother doesn’t get up as ______ (early) as my father.　early ★ 易错点 02 易错点 02　修饰比较级用 much / a little，不用 very 原理：very 修饰原级；修饰比较级要用 much、far、a lot、even、a little 等。 ✘ My bag is very heavier than yours.　✅ My bag is much heavier than yours. 1. This machine works much ______ (well) than the old one.　better 2. Today is a little ______ (cold) than yesterday.　colder ★ 易错点 03 易错点 03　比较级中用 that / those 替代 原理：比较级中 that 代替前文单数名词，those 代替复数名词。 ✘ The streets here are wider than that in the old town.　✅ The streets here are wider than those in the old town. 1. The apples in this box are bigger than ______ in that one.　those 2. The population of our town is smaller than ______ of theirs.　that 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化　（10★） 六个高频词的“变形 + 搭配”，中考词形变换题全靠它们。 考点词 变形 / 搭配 中考例句（已改写） 1. compare v. 比较 comparison n. 比较；comparative adj. 比较的 My deskmate compared her answers with mine after the test. 2. shy adj. 害羞的 shyness n. 害羞；shyly adv. 害羞地 The shy boy becomes more active after joining the school club. 3. difference n. 差异 different adj. 不同的；differently adv. 不同地；be different from Our reading habits are different from theirs. 4. honest adj. 诚实的 honesty n. 诚实；dishonest adj. 不诚实的；be honest with sb An honest boy always tells the truth when he makes mistakes. 5. humour n. 幽默 humorous adj. 幽默的；humorously adv. 幽默地 My cousin has a good sense of humour and often tells funny jokes. 6. expect v. 期待 expectation n. 期待；expect (sb) to do sth Our parents expect us to be honest with everyone. ★ 考点即学即练 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。（5 小题 × 2★） 1. My cousin often makes a ______ (compare) between the two cities.　comparison 2. Tony’s ______ (shy) stops him from speaking in front of the class.　shyness 3. The two pictures look the same, but there are a few ______ (different) between them.　differences 4. The young man’s ______ (honest) wins the trust of his neighbours.　honesty 5. The old man told us a ______ (humour) story and we all laughed.　humorous 第 7 关　终极挑战赛　（23★） 中考题型全覆盖：单选、阅读、单词拼写、完成句子，一级一级来！ Ⅰ. 单项选择（10 小题 × 1★）　★ 1. The population of our city ______ much larger than that of theirs.　A 　　A. is　B. are　C. be　D. have 2. My new watch is similar ______ my brother’s, but it is much cheaper.　B 　　A. with　B. to　C. for　D. at 3. This road is three times as ______ as that one.　A 　　A. wide　B. wider　C. widest　D. the widest 4. My cousin sings ______ than any other student in her class.　B 　　A. well　B. better　C. best　D. the best 5. ______ the doctors’ help, the little boy got well again.　B 　　A. Thanks for　B. Thanks to　C. Instead of　D. Because 6. Our teacher always encourages us ______ our ideas bravely.　B 　　A. express　B. to express　C. expressing　D. expressed 7. In my ______, friends do not need to be exactly the same.　B 　　A. reason　B. opinion　C. matter　D. subject 8. Don’t always ______ your children with others; every child is special.　A 　　A. compare　B. push　C. laugh　D. heat 9. My grandpa is much ______ than he was last year, and he can walk further now.　B 　　A. strong　B. stronger　C. strongest　D. the strongest 10. The two brothers look very ______, but their personalities are quite different.　A 　　A. alike　B. like　C. likely　D. alone Ⅱ. 阅读理解（5 小题 × 1★）　★★　阅读短文，选择最佳答案 My name is Chen Jie. My best friend Wang Fang and I are in the same class. We have known each other for five years. People often say we look like sisters, but in fact we are very different. Wang Fang is tall and slim, and she is very outgoing. She likes to play the Chinese flute and often performs at school shows. I am quieter and a little shy. I prefer reading novels in my spare time. But we both love sports, and we often play badminton together after school. Last term, we took part in a school activity together. Our team won the first prize. Wang Fang said that our differences made the team stronger. I agree with her. A true friend is like a mirror. Thanks to our friendship, we can learn a lot from each other and become better. 11. How long have Chen Jie and Wang Fang known each other?　C 　　A. For three years.　B. For four years.　C. For five years.　D. For six years. 12. What does Wang Fang like doing?　B 　　A. Reading novels.　B. Playing the Chinese flute.　C. Drawing pictures.　D. Writing stories. 13. What is Chen Jie like?　B 　　A. She is tall and outgoing.　B. She is quiet and a little shy.　C. She is lazy and careless.　D. She is serious and strict. 14. What did their team win last term?　A 　　A. The first prize.　B. A silver cup.　C. A new book.　D. A school bag. 15. What is the best title for the passage?　B 　　A. How to Play Badminton　B. Different but Close Friends　C. A Busy School Term　D. Wang Fang’s Hobbies Ⅲ. 单词拼写（4 小题 × 1★）　★★　根据汉语提示写出单词 16. The ________ (人口) of our town is about twenty thousand.　population 17. The ________ (性格) of my new deskmate helps her make friends quickly.　personality 18. I don’t think we should always ________ (比较) ourselves with others.　compare 19. The two pictures are so ________ (相像的) that I can’t tell them apart.　alike Ⅳ. 完成句子（4 小题 × 1★）　★★★ 20. 李明和王芳有很多共同之处，他们都喜欢打羽毛球。 　　Li Ming and Wang Fang ________ ________ ________ ________; both of them enjoy playing badminton. 【参考答案】have a lot in common 21. 多亏了同学们的帮助，我的数学进步很大。 　　________ ________ my classmates’ help, I have made great progress in maths. 【参考答案】Thanks to 22. 这两条裙子彼此很相似，颜色几乎一模一样。 　　The two dresses ________ ________ ________ each other. Their colours are almost the same. 【参考答案】are similar to 23. 你应该真正关心你同桌的感受。 　　You should truly ________ ________ your deskmate’s feelings. 【参考答案】care about 第 8 关　写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评　（10★） 一、话题分析 1. 核心话题：Same or different（相同与差异）——介绍自己与朋友的异同、谈谈对人与人之间差异的看法、是否应该拿自己和他人比较。 2. 题目高频考法：My Best Friend and I（最高频）／Should We Compare Ourselves with Others?／Friends: Same or Different? 3. 写作核心：准确使用人物性格类词汇，熟练运用 be similar to、be different from、have…in common 等短语，恰当使用形容词比较级，表达对异同的理解与感悟。 4. 必须使用的核心语法（得分关键）：as…as 用原级；比较级 + than；修饰比较级用 much / a little。 二、写作框架（三段式） 段落 功能 万能句 / 写作公式 第一段 总起，点明朋友身份，总述既有相同也有差异 Everyone is special. My best friend ________ and I have both similarities and differences. 第二段 分层叙述相同点与不同点（用比较级与 as…as） We have a lot in common. We both enjoy ________. However, we are different in many ways. I am ________ than my friend, while he / she ________. 第三段 抒发感悟，接纳差异，点明友谊不必完全一样 There is no need for friends to be exactly the same. It is our differences that make our friendship more wonderful. 三、写完必查避错清单 1. as…as 中间用形容词/副词原级，不能用比较级； 2. 比较级前用 much / a little / even 修饰，不能用 very； 3. 比较级中用 that 代单数名词、those 代复数名词； 4. be different from 用 from；be similar to 用 to； 5. thanks to 后接感谢的对象，thanks for 后接感谢的原因； 6. in one’s opinion 用 in，表示“在某人看来”； 7. 描述性格用 personality / character，外貌用 appearance； 8. 词数控制 80–100 词，要点齐全，有开头句和结尾感悟。 四、范文背诵（My Best Friend and I） Everyone is special. My best friend Li Na and I have both similarities and differences. We have a lot in common. We both enjoy reading novels and playing badminton. However, we are different in many ways. I am more outgoing while Li Na is a little shy. She is more hard-working than me, and she often helps me with my maths. There is no need for friends to be exactly the same. Thanks to our differences, we can learn a lot from each other. Our differences make our friendship more wonderful. 五、我的战绩自评 环节 满分 我得的星 我的易错点 / 想再练一遍的地方 第 1 关　热身闯关 10★ 第 2 关　分类词汇站 12★ 第 3 关　短语快车道 10★ 第 4 关　交际套句 · 差异话题金句 10★ 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 比较级与 as…as 15★ 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ 第 7 关　终极挑战赛 23★ 第 8 关　写作工坊 10★ 合计 100★ ★ 段位榜 90★ 及以上 · 交友思想家　｜　80★ 金牌　｜　70★ 白银　｜　60★ 青铜　｜　60★ 以下：再来一次，把错题讲给同学听！ 【错题收纳盒】把今天做错的题号写下来，明天重做一遍。 1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 家长 / 老师签字：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 第 页 / 共 页　·　闯关学习单 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 3 Same or Different · 单元知识清单 班级 ______　姓名 ______　得分 ______ 共 8 关｜满分 100★｜建议用时 60 分钟　｜　答案已抽出：做完后到末页「答案自查区」核对 Unit 3 Same or Different 单元知识清单（全单元总复习）· 闯关学习单 【通关地图】 关卡 闯关内容 满分 我的星星 第 1 关 热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 2 关 分类词汇站 · 24 个必背词 12★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 3 关 短语快车道 · 15 个高频短语 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 4 关 交际套句 · 差异话题金句 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 5 关 语法闯关 · 比较级与 as…as 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 6 关 考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 7 关 终极挑战赛（单选 / 阅读 / 拼写 / 完成句子） 23★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 8 关 写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 合计 加油，你离「交友思想家」只差 1 颗星 100★ 第 1 关　热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜　（10★） 先别翻下面的清单！凭记忆试一试，答对 1 题得 2★，看看你能拿几颗星。 ★ 冲关开始（5 小题 × 2★） 1.【中文快译】比较；对比（动词）→ ________________ 2.【谜语猜词】The way a person looks to other people. 谜底（名词）：________________ 3.【选词填空】My sister is much ________________ than me, so she always wins the races.　(faster / fastest) 4.【首字母填空】My deskmate is very o_________ and she makes friends easily.（外向的） 5.【中译英】有共同之处（短语）→ ________________ 第 2 关　分类词汇站 · 24 个必背词　（12★） 按主题分类记单词，记得更牢。背诵版看红色英文，默写版只看中文和音标自己写。 一、性格与品质（7 词） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 1 害羞的 ________________ /ʃaɪ/ 名词：shyness；反义词 outgoing 2 懒惰的；懒洋洋的 ________________ /ˈleɪzi/ 比较级：lazier 3 外向的 ________________ /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ 反义词：shy / quiet 4 勤奋的 ________________ /ˌhɑːdˈwɜːkɪŋ/ 对比动词短语 work hard 5 坦率的；简单的 ________________ /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ 合成词：straight + forward 6 坦诚的；诚实的 ________________ /ˈɒnɪst/ 前用 an；名词 honesty 7 率直的；直接的 ________________ /dəˈrekt/ 副词：directly 二、外貌与描述（4 词） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 8 外表；露面 ________________ /əˈpɪərəns/ 动词：appear 出现 9 性格；品质 ________________ /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ 复数：personalities 10 苗条的；薄的 ________________ /slɪm/ 比较级：slimmer 11 宜人的；友好的 ________________ /ˈpleznt/ 辨析 pleased（人感到高兴的） 三、比较与差异（5 词） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 12 比较；对比 ________________ /kəmˈpeə(r)/ 名词：comparison 13 差异；不同 ________________ /ˈdɪfrəns/ 形容词：different 14 相似之处 ________________ /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ 形容词：similar 15 相像的；相似地 ________________ /əˈlaɪk/ 作形容词时只作表语 16 平均的；平常的；平均数 ________________ /ˈævərɪdʒ/ 形容词、名词同形 四、兴趣与情感（4 词） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 17 业余爱好；兴趣；使感兴趣 ________________ /ˈɪntrəst/ 形容词 interesting / interested 18 理解力；感觉；意识到 ________________ /sens/ 名词、动词同形 19 幽默；幽默感 ________________ /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ 美式 humor；形容词 humorous 20 看法；意见 ________________ /əˈpɪnjən/ 可数名词，复数 opinions 五、其他高频词（4 词） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 21 响亮地；大声的 ________________ /laʊd/ 副词 loudly；比较级 louder 22 人物；个性 ________________ /ˈkærəktə(r)/ 可数名词，复数 characters 23 友谊；友情 ________________ /ˈfrendʃɪp/ friend + -ship 24 交换（动词 & 名词） ________________ /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ 名词、动词同形 第 3 关　短语快车道 · 15 个高频短语　（10★） 先记短语，再读例句。默写版请先写出短语，再把例句中文译成英语。 序号 短语（自己写） 含义 例句（请把中文译成英语） 1 ________________ 把……与……作比较 译句：考试后我的同桌把她的答案和我的做了比较。 2 ________________ 有共同之处 译句：这两个男孩有很多共同之处，经常一起玩。 3 ________________ 与……不同 译句：我表弟的饮食习惯和我的不同。 4 ________________ ……的人口 译句：这个小镇的人口大约有两万。 5 ________________ 闲逛；出去玩 译句：这三个女孩放学后常一起逛书店。 6 ________________ 因为；由于 译句：由于全队的努力，我们班赢得了比赛。 7 ________________ 鼓励某人做某事 译句：我们老师常鼓励我们勇敢地说英语。 8 ________________ 害怕某物 译句：我妹妹害怕大狗。 9 ________________ 解决问题 译句：这两个学生课后一起解决了这道题。 10 ________________ 吹奏中国长笛 译句：我表弟中国长笛吹得非常好。 11 ________________ 赢得一等奖 译句：我们队在学校歌唱比赛中赢得了一等奖。 12 ________________ 参加（活动、比赛） 译句：三十多名学生参加了学校运动会。 13 ________________ 努力工作 / 学习 译句：我的同桌学习努力，总能取得好成绩。 14 ________________ 像……一样…… 译句：我弟弟跑得和他同学一样快。 15 ________________ 在某人的空闲时间 译句：爷爷在空闲时间看报纸。 第 4 关　交际套句 · 差异话题金句　（10★） 这些句子写作时直接套用。背下模板，再换上自己的主语和谓语，句子就是你的了。 一、谈论异同与比较（高频问答句型） 套句模板（课文原型） 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） —Who dances better, Ella or Emma?　—Emma dances better than Ella. ——谁跳舞跳得更好，埃拉还是埃玛？——埃玛比埃拉跳得好。 —Who sings better, Lucy or Lily?　—Lily sings better than Lucy. I’m a little quieter than Ella. And she is funnier than me. 我比埃拉更安静一些，而她比我更有趣。 My brother is a little taller than me. And he is much stronger than me. The population of Vancouver is larger than that of Guangzhou in 2024. 2024 年温哥华的人口比广州多。 The population of our city is smaller than that of theirs in 2025. Guangzhou has pleasant temperatures in January. It is warmer than Vancouver in January. 广州一月份的温度很宜人，它比温哥华一月份要温暖。 Kunming has pleasant weather in spring. It is warmer than Harbin in spring. He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches. 他打羽毛球比我打得好，所以他总会赢得我们的比赛。 My sister swims faster than I do, so she always wins the races. 二、谈论朋友与友谊 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） I think a good friend is like a mirror. 我认为一位好朋友就像一面镜子。 I think a true friend is like a warm light. For me, friends who are different make me better. 对我来说，（与我）不同的朋友让我变得更好。 For me, friends who share my hobbies make me happier. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. 他不怕发表他的意见，尤其是当他认为我正在犯错误的时候。 She is never afraid to say what she thinks, especially when her friends need advice. I am not as straightforward as he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend. 我不像他那么坦率，但我很高兴拥有一位诚实的朋友。 My cousin is not as outgoing as I am, but she is glad to have a hard-working friend. I don’t really care if my friends are similar to or different from me. 我真的不在乎我的朋友是与我相似还是与我不同。 I don’t really mind if my classmates agree with me or not. 三、表达关心与情感（写作万能句型） 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations. 她帮助我在困难的情况下看到一线希望。 My teacher helps me see the silver lining when I fail an exam. I know she cares about me because she’s always there to listen. 我知道她关心我，因为她总是在那里倾听。 I know he cares about me because he always stands by me. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一位真正的朋友会向你伸出援手并且触动你的心。 A good deskmate shares his notes with you and cares about your feelings. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 我们总是准备伸出援手，帮助彼此。 The two brothers are always ready to help each other by sharing their ideas. Our pleasure! It is a great pleasure to help you. 我们的荣幸！帮助你我感到十分愉快。 My pleasure! It is a great pleasure to study with you. 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 比较级与 as…as　（15★） 本单元核心语法！原级、比较级的用法 + 规则与不规则变化，一关搞懂。 一、形容词和副词原级的用法 结构 / 用法 例句（已改写） 说明人或物自身的特征、性质或状态 The flowers in our garden are beautiful. 被 very、so、too、enough、quite 等修饰 My cousin is very tall and quiet. A + as + 原级 + as + B（A 和 B 一样……） The old library is as big as the new one. A + not as / so + 原级 + as + B（A 不如 B……） This road is not as wide as that one. A + 倍数 + as + 原级 + as + B（A 是 B 的……倍） Our classroom is twice as large as theirs. 二、形容词和副词比较级的用法 ① 形容词/副词的比较级 + than：My cousin sings more beautifully than her sister. ② 倍数 + 比较级 + than：His new bike is twice bigger than mine. ③ the + 比较级 + of the two + 复数名词（两者中较……的一个）：She is the taller of the two girls. ④ 比较级 + and + 比较级 / more and more + 原级（越来越……）：The weather is getting hotter and hotter. ⑤ the + 比较级, the + 比较级（越……就越……）：The more carefully you listen, the more you will learn. ⑥ a / an + 比较级 + 名词单数 / 代词 one（一个更……的）：The coat is too big for me, so I want to change it for a smaller one. ⑦ 修饰比较级的词有 much、even、far、a little、twice、many times、a bit、rather 等：It is even colder today. 三、比较级和最高级的规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 / 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加 -er / -est fast faster / fastest 以字母 e 结尾，只加 -r / -st late / wide later / widest 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写再加 -er / -est big / hot bigger / hottest 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，先变 y 为 i 再加 -er / -est busy / happy busier / happiest 多音节词和部分双音节词前加 more / most careful / expensive more careful / most expensive 少数以 -er、-ow 结尾的双音节词，加 -er / -est clever / narrow cleverer / narrower 四、比较级和最高级的不规则变化 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 两好 good / well better best 两坏 bad / badly / ill worse worst 两多 many / much more most 一少 little less least 一远 far farther / further farthest / furthest 一老 old older / elder oldest / eldest 五、三大易错点 + 对点训练 ★ 易错点 01 易错点 01　as…as 中间必须用原级 原理：as…as 表示“和……一样”，中间用形容词/副词原级，不能用比较级。 ✘ She sings as better as her sister.　✅ She sings as well as her sister. 1. This street is as ______ (wide) as that one.　________________ 2. My brother doesn’t get up as ______ (early) as my father.　________________ ★ 易错点 02 易错点 02　修饰比较级用 much / a little，不用 very 原理：very 修饰原级；修饰比较级要用 much、far、a lot、even、a little 等。 ✘ My bag is very heavier than yours.　✅ My bag is much heavier than yours. 1. This machine works much ______ (well) than the old one.　________________ 2. Today is a little ______ (cold) than yesterday.　________________ ★ 易错点 03 易错点 03　比较级中用 that / those 替代 原理：比较级中 that 代替前文单数名词，those 代替复数名词。 ✘ The streets here are wider than that in the old town.　✅ The streets here are wider than those in the old town. 1. The apples in this box are bigger than ______ in that one.　________________ 2. The population of our town is smaller than ______ of theirs.　________________ 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化　（10★） 六个高频词的“变形 + 搭配”，中考词形变换题全靠它们。 考点词 变形 / 搭配 中考例句（已改写） 1. compare v. 比较 comparison n. 比较；comparative adj. 比较的 My deskmate compared her answers with mine after the test. 2. shy adj. 害羞的 shyness n. 害羞；shyly adv. 害羞地 The shy boy becomes more active after joining the school club. 3. difference n. 差异 different adj. 不同的；differently adv. 不同地；be different from Our reading habits are different from theirs. 4. honest adj. 诚实的 honesty n. 诚实；dishonest adj. 不诚实的；be honest with sb An honest boy always tells the truth when he makes mistakes. 5. humour n. 幽默 humorous adj. 幽默的；humorously adv. 幽默地 My cousin has a good sense of humour and often tells funny jokes. 6. expect v. 期待 expectation n. 期待；expect (sb) to do sth Our parents expect us to be honest with everyone. ★ 考点即学即练 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。（5 小题 × 2★） 1. My cousin often makes a ______ (compare) between the two cities.　________________ 2. Tony’s ______ (shy) stops him from speaking in front of the class.　________________ 3. The two pictures look the same, but there are a few ______ (different) between them.　________________ 4. The young man’s ______ (honest) wins the trust of his neighbours.　________________ 5. The old man told us a ______ (humour) story and we all laughed.　________________ 第 7 关　终极挑战赛　（23★） 中考题型全覆盖：单选、阅读、单词拼写、完成句子，一级一级来！ Ⅰ. 单项选择（10 小题 × 1★）　★ 1. The population of our city ______ much larger than that of theirs.　________________ 　　A. is　B. are　C. be　D. have 2. My new watch is similar ______ my brother’s, but it is much cheaper.　________________ 　　A. with　B. to　C. for　D. at 3. This road is three times as ______ as that one.　________________ 　　A. wide　B. wider　C. widest　D. the widest 4. My cousin sings ______ than any other student in her class.　________________ 　　A. well　B. better　C. best　D. the best 5. ______ the doctors’ help, the little boy got well again.　________________ 　　A. Thanks for　B. Thanks to　C. Instead of　D. Because 6. Our teacher always encourages us ______ our ideas bravely.　________________ 　　A. express　B. to express　C. expressing　D. expressed 7. In my ______, friends do not need to be exactly the same.　________________ 　　A. reason　B. opinion　C. matter　D. subject 8. Don’t always ______ your children with others; every child is special.　________________ 　　A. compare　B. push　C. laugh　D. heat 9. My grandpa is much ______ than he was last year, and he can walk further now.　________________ 　　A. strong　B. stronger　C. strongest　D. the strongest 10. The two brothers look very ______, but their personalities are quite different.　________________ 　　A. alike　B. like　C. likely　D. alone Ⅱ. 阅读理解（5 小题 × 1★）　★★　阅读短文，选择最佳答案 My name is Chen Jie. My best friend Wang Fang and I are in the same class. We have known each other for five years. People often say we look like sisters, but in fact we are very different. Wang Fang is tall and slim, and she is very outgoing. She likes to play the Chinese flute and often performs at school shows. I am quieter and a little shy. I prefer reading novels in my spare time. But we both love sports, and we often play badminton together after school. Last term, we took part in a school activity together. Our team won the first prize. Wang Fang said that our differences made the team stronger. I agree with her. A true friend is like a mirror. Thanks to our friendship, we can learn a lot from each other and become better. 11. How long have Chen Jie and Wang Fang known each other?　________________ 　　A. For three years.　B. For four years.　C. For five years.　D. For six years. 12. What does Wang Fang like doing?　________________ 　　A. Reading novels.　B. Playing the Chinese flute.　C. Drawing pictures.　D. Writing stories. 13. What is Chen Jie like?　________________ 　　A. She is tall and outgoing.　B. She is quiet and a little shy.　C. She is lazy and careless.　D. She is serious and strict. 14. What did their team win last term?　________________ 　　A. The first prize.　B. A silver cup.　C. A new book.　D. A school bag. 15. What is the best title for the passage?　________________ 　　A. How to Play Badminton　B. Different but Close Friends　C. A Busy School Term　D. Wang Fang’s Hobbies Ⅲ. 单词拼写（4 小题 × 1★）　★★　根据汉语提示写出单词 16. The ________ (人口) of our town is about twenty thousand.　________________ 17. The ________ (性格) of my new deskmate helps her make friends quickly.　________________ 18. I don’t think we should always ________ (比较) ourselves with others.　________________ 19. The two pictures are so ________ (相像的) that I can’t tell them apart.　________________ Ⅳ. 完成句子（4 小题 × 1★）　★★★ 20. 李明和王芳有很多共同之处，他们都喜欢打羽毛球。 　　Li Ming and Wang Fang ________ ________ ________ ________; both of them enjoy playing badminton. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 21. 多亏了同学们的帮助，我的数学进步很大。 　　________ ________ my classmates’ help, I have made great progress in maths. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 22. 这两条裙子彼此很相似，颜色几乎一模一样。 　　The two dresses ________ ________ ________ each other. Their colours are almost the same. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 23. 你应该真正关心你同桌的感受。 　　You should truly ________ ________ your deskmate’s feelings. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 第 8 关　写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评　（10★） 一、话题分析 1. 核心话题：Same or different（相同与差异）——介绍自己与朋友的异同、谈谈对人与人之间差异的看法、是否应该拿自己和他人比较。 2. 题目高频考法：My Best Friend and I（最高频）／Should We Compare Ourselves with Others?／Friends: Same or Different? 3. 写作核心：准确使用人物性格类词汇，熟练运用 be similar to、be different from、have…in common 等短语，恰当使用形容词比较级，表达对异同的理解与感悟。 4. 必须使用的核心语法（得分关键）：as…as 用原级；比较级 + than；修饰比较级用 much / a little。 二、写作框架（三段式） 段落 功能 万能句 / 写作公式 第一段 总起，点明朋友身份，总述既有相同也有差异 Everyone is special. My best friend ________ and I have both similarities and differences. 第二段 分层叙述相同点与不同点（用比较级与 as…as） We have a lot in common. We both enjoy ________. However, we are different in many ways. I am ________ than my friend, while he / she ________. 第三段 抒发感悟，接纳差异，点明友谊不必完全一样 There is no need for friends to be exactly the same. It is our differences that make our friendship more wonderful. 三、写完必查避错清单 1. as…as 中间用形容词/副词原级，不能用比较级； 2. 比较级前用 much / a little / even 修饰，不能用 very； 3. 比较级中用 that 代单数名词、those 代复数名词； 4. be different from 用 from；be similar to 用 to； 5. thanks to 后接感谢的对象，thanks for 后接感谢的原因； 6. in one’s opinion 用 in，表示“在某人看来”； 7. 描述性格用 personality / character，外貌用 appearance； 8. 词数控制 80–100 词，要点齐全，有开头句和结尾感悟。 四、范文背诵（My Best Friend and I） Everyone is special. My best friend Li Na and I have both similarities and differences. We have a lot in common. We both enjoy reading novels and playing badminton. However, we are different in many ways. I am more outgoing while Li Na is a little shy. She is more hard-working than me, and she often helps me with my maths. There is no need for friends to be exactly the same. Thanks to our differences, we can learn a lot from each other. Our differences make our friendship more wonderful. 五、我的战绩自评 环节 满分 我得的星 我的易错点 / 想再练一遍的地方 第 1 关　热身闯关 10★ 第 2 关　分类词汇站 12★ 第 3 关　短语快车道 10★ 第 4 关　交际套句 · 差异话题金句 10★ 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 比较级与 as…as 15★ 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ 第 7 关　终极挑战赛 23★ 第 8 关　写作工坊 10★ 合计 100★ ★ 段位榜 90★ 及以上 · 交友思想家　｜　80★ 金牌　｜　70★ 白银　｜　60★ 青铜　｜　60★ 以下：再来一次，把错题讲给同学听！ 【错题收纳盒】把今天做错的题号写下来，明天重做一遍。 1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 家长 / 老师签字：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 答案自查区　（做完再核对，可沿边框裁下） ★ 全部答案解析 第 1 关　热身闯关 1. compare　2. appearance　3. faster　4. utgoing（outgoing）　5. have sth in common 第 2 关　分类词汇站（24 词） 性格与品质：1.shy　2.lazy　3.outgoing　4.hard-working　5.straightforward　6.honest　7.direct 外貌与描述：8.appearance　9.personality　10.slim　11.pleasant 比较与差异：12.compare　13.difference　14.similarity　15.alike　16.average 兴趣与情感：17.interest　18.sense　19.humour　20.opinion 其他高频词：21.loud　22.character　23.friendship　24.exchange 第 3 关　短语快车道 1.compare…with…　2.have sth in common　3.be different from　4.the population of　5.hang out　6.because of　7.encourage sb to do sth　8.be afraid of sth　9.solve the problem　10.play the Chinese flute　11.win the first prize　12.take part in　13.work hard　14.as…as…　15.in one’s spare time 参考译句：1. My deskmate compared her answers with mine after the test.　2. The two boys have a lot in common and often play together.　3. My cousin’s eating habits are different from mine.　4. The population of this small town is about twenty thousand.　5. The three girls often hang out in the bookshop after school.　6. Our class won the match because of the whole team’s hard work.　7. Our teacher often encourages us to speak English bravely.　8. My little sister is afraid of big dogs.　9. The two students solved the problem together after class.　10. My cousin can play the Chinese flute very well.　11. Our team won the first prize in the school singing competition.　12. More than thirty students took part in the school sports meeting.　13. My deskmate works hard and always gets good grades.　14. My brother runs as fast as his classmate.　15. Grandpa reads newspapers in his spare time. 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 比较级与 as…as 易错点 01　1. wide　2. early｜易错点 02　1. better　2. colder｜易错点 03　1. those　2. that 第 6 关　考点精讲：1.comparison　2.shyness　3.differences　4.honesty　5.humorous 第 7 关　终极挑战赛 Ⅰ. 1.A　2.B　3.A　4.B　5.B　6.B　7.B　8.A　9.B　10.A Ⅱ. 11.C　12.B　13.B　14.A　15.B Ⅲ. 16.population　17.personality　18.compare　19.alike Ⅳ. 20.have a lot in common　21.Thanks to　22.are similar to　23.care about 第 8 关　写作工坊：范文见正文，请对照三段式框架与避错清单自查自己的作文。 第 页 / 共 页　·　闯关学习单 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $