专题08 选词填空（期中真题汇编，福建专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 精选福建多校高二上期中选词填空试题，涵盖单句及短文语境，注重词汇运用与跨文化理解，适配期中复习巩固。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句选词填空|4题|动词短语（take up）、衔接词（for instance）|基础词汇辨析，强调语境匹配| |短文选词填空|30题|形容词（appropriate）、名词（prospect）、动词（witness）|融入跨文化差异（肢体语言）、科学人物（杨振宁）等真实情境，考查词形变化与语篇理解|

函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题08选词填空 基础必练 【答案】1.took up 2.In this sense 3.appeal to 4.was convinced of 进阶提升 (一) 1.interact 2.varies 3.displays 4.approvedof 5.witnessing 6.identical 7.gestures 8.appropriate 9.break down 10.employing (二) 1.callingon 2.Barely 3.edged 4.appealsto 5.objective 6.Comingtopower 7.prospect 8.critical 9.instant 10.approved 拓展培优 【答31.crucial2.academic3.committed 4.Ultimately 5.enormous 6.emphasized 7.critically 8.passion 9.constant 10.obstacles 1/1 专题08 选词填空 （25-26高二上·福建漳州第一中学·期中）选择一个适当的词组，并将其正确形式填入空白处。(注意：每个词组只用一次。其中有两项为多余。) appeal to     for instance     be convinced of     be comprised of     take up     in this sense 1. After she retired from teaching, she painting as a hobby to live a colorful life. 2. Good habits shape our lives. , starting small today matters a lot. 3. Generally, the easy-to-follow science experiments in class students most. 4. After I attended the lecture of the scientist, I the importance of learning physics well. 【答案】1. took up 2. In this sense 3. appeal to 4. was convinced of 【解析】(1)题解析： 考查动词短语和时态。句意：从教学岗位退休后，她开始把绘画当作爱好，以此过上丰富多彩的生活。根据“painting as a hobby”以及语境可知，此处表达开始从事绘画这个爱好，动词短语“take up”有“开始从事（某项活动或爱好）”的含义。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。故填took up。 (2)题解析： 考查介词短语。句意：好习惯塑造我们的人生。从这个意义上来说，今天从小事做起至关重要。根据前文“Good habits shape our lives.”和后文“starting small today matters a lot.”可知，后文是基于前文观点的一种引申说明，介词短语“in this sense”表示“从这个意义上来说”，符合语境。短语位于句首，首字母需大写。故填In this sense。 (3)题解析： 考查动词短语和时态。句意：一般来说，课堂上那些易于操作的科学实验最吸引学生。根据“the easy-to-follow science experiments in class”以及“students most”可知，此处表达实验对学生有吸引力，动词短语“appeal to”表示“对……有吸引力”，符合语境。句子描述的是一般情况，要用一般现在时，主语“experiments”是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填appeal to。 (4)题解析： 考查短语和时态。句意：听完那位科学家的讲座后，我坚信学好物理的重要性。根据“After I attended the lecture of the scientist”以及“the importance of learning physics well”可知，此处表达听完讲座后产生的坚信的态度，动词短语“be convinced of”表示“坚信；确信”，符合语境。句子描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时态，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was convinced of。 （一） （25-26高二上·福建福九联盟·期中）阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词的正确形式填空。 identical       display            employ          appropriate        break down   gesture        interaction        vary             approve of        witness We use both words and body language to express our thoughts when we 1 with other people. Just like spoken language, body language 2 from culture to culture. Making eye contact 3 interest in some countries, while in others it is not always 4 . For example, in Japan, it is respectful to bow or look down when speaking to an older person. The gesture for “OK” also has different meanings. When 5 this gesture in Japan, someone might think it means money, while in France, an 6 gesture means zero. However, you should avoid using it in Brazil and Germany, as it is considered impolite. Even the 7 for “yes” and “no” differ. In Bulgaria, shaking the head means “yes”. Such differences show the importance of using body language that is 8 to the culture. A smile, however, can 9 barriers everywhere. We highly advocate 10 a universally acknowledged smile to greet, apologize, or ask for help. Smiling at yourself in the mirror can make you feel happier. There’s nothing better than seeing a smiling face when you feel down. 【答案】1. interact 2. varies 3. displays 4. approved of 5. witnessing 6. identical 7. gestures 8. appropriate 9. break down 10. employing 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。介绍了我们在与他人交流时会使用语言和肢体语言，且肢体语言因文化而异，同时指出了解肢体语言文化差异的重要性。 (1)题解析： 考查动词。句意：我们与他人互动时，会通过语言和肢体语言来表达想法。根据 “express our thoughts ”及“with others”可知，此处表示“与……互动”，应用固定短语interact with，作从句谓语。故填interact。 (2)题解析： 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：就像口语一样，肢体语言也是因文化而异。根据“from... to...”及语境可知，此处表示“因……而异”，应用动词vary；描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是body language，谓语用varies。故填varies。 (3)题解析： 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在一些国家，进行眼神交流表明对谈话感兴趣，但在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可的。根据“make eye contact”及“interest”可知，此处表示“表现出兴趣”，应用动词display；making eye contact是动名词短语作主语，视为单数，谓语用displays。故填displays。 (4)题解析： 考查动词短语。句意：在一些国家，进行眼神交流表明对谈话感兴趣，但在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可的。此处需要一个与前面“表示兴趣”形成对比的词，表示“并不总是被认可”，应用approved of，跟is一起构成谓语。故填approved of。 (5)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：当在日本看到这个手势时，有人可能会认为它表示钱，而在法国，同样的手势表示零。根据“might think”可推知，此处是指看到这个手势后会有想法或揣测，witness作动词，意为“看见，见证”。witness与someone是主谓关系，此空应用现在分词witnessing构成状语从句的省略。故填witnessing。 (6)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：当在日本看到这个手势时，有人可能会认为它表示钱，而在法国，同样的手势表示零。根据“The gesture for “OK” also has different meanings.”可知，此处表示“相同的”，应用形容词 identical，修饰名词gesture，此空在句中作定语。故填identical。 (7)题解析： 考查名词。句意：甚至表示“是”和“否”的手势在不同文化中也有所不同。根据“differ”可知，此处应用复数名词gestures作主语。故填gestures。 (8)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：这些差异表明使用适合特定文化的肢体语言很重要。根据“to the culture”及语境可知，此处表示“适合……的”，应用形容词appropriate作表语。故填appropriate。 (9)题解析： 考查动词短语。句意：然而，微笑可以打破任何地方的障碍。根据“barriers”及语境可知，此处表示“打破障碍”，应用动词短语break down，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填break down。 (10)题解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们高度提倡使用一个被普遍认可的微笑来问候、道歉或求助。根据“advocate”及“a universally acknowledged smile”可知，此处意为提倡使用通用的肢体语言——微笑去传递想法。此空应是动名词employing作宾语。故填employing。 （二） （25-26高二上·福建福州第三中学-11月·期中）根据语境，选择适当的词语并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 critical   barely   edge   approve   objective   prospect   instant   call on   appeal to   come to power 1. We intended to visit the theme park, but ended up Professor Zhang. 2. does she speak in public, even when asked directly. 3. The old man along the narrow mountain path, holding the rope tightly to avoid falling down. 4. Traditional folk art rarely modern audiences, as its rhythm and themes feel outdated to many. 5. To conduct a reliable experiment, researchers must stay and not let personal opinions affect their data analysis. 6. during a period of economic hardship put the new government under great pressure to steady the market quickly. 7. Despite the challenging situation, the of discovering a cure for the disease keeps the scientists motivated to continue their research. 8. Effective communication is to the success of any team project, as it ensures all members share the same goals and responsibilities. 9. The the curtain rose, the audience was surprised by the breathtaking stage design and the performers’ exquisite acting. 10. With the committee’s plan by our government, we can finally start the community improvement project. 【答案】1. calling on 2. Barely 3. edged 4. appeals to 5. objective 6. Coming to power 7. prospect 8. critical 9. instant 10. approved 【解析】(1)题解析： 考查动词短语。句意：我们本打算去主题公园，但最终去拜访了张教授。根据“visit”和“Professor Zhang”可推知，此处是指拜访张教授，call on意为“拜访”，符合语境。end up doing sth.是固定短语，表示“最终做某事”。故填calling on。 (2)题解析： 考查副词。句意：她几乎从不在公共场合讲话，即使被直接问到也是如此。根据“does she speak”可知，此空应是否定意义的词引起的部分倒装，barely意为“几乎不”，符合语境，位于句首应大写首字母。故填Barely。 (3)题解析： 考查动词。句意：老人沿着狭窄的山路小心翼翼地前行，紧紧抓住绳子以防摔倒。分析句子结构可知，此空是谓语。根据“along the narrow mountain path”可推知，此空应与走路有关，edge作动词时意为“徐徐移动，侧身移动”，符合语境，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时edged。故填edged。 (4)题解析： 考查动词短语。句意：传统民间艺术很少能吸引现代观众，因为对许多人来说，它的节奏和主题都显得过时了。根据“feel outdated to many”可知，过时了所以大家不感兴趣，此处应是appeal to，意为 “吸引”，句子描述客观事实且主语是Traditional folk art，谓语用appeals to，故填appeals to。 (5)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：为了进行可靠的实验，研究人员必须保持客观，不让个人意见影响他们的数据分析。根据“not let personal opinions affect their data analysis”可推知，此处应是指保持冷静、客观、理性等，objective意为“客观的”，作表语，符合语境。故填objective。 (6)题解析： 考查动词短语。句意：新政府在经济困难时期上台，这使它面临着迅速稳定市场的巨大压力。根据“the new government”以及“under great pressure to steady the market ”可推知，此处是指新政府上台压力很大。come to power意为“上台，执政”，符合语境，作主语，come应用动名词形式coming。故填Coming to power。 (7)题解析： 考查名词。句意：尽管处境艰难，但发现这种疾病治愈方法的前景让科学家们有动力继续他们的研究。根据“Despite the challenging situation”以及“keeps the scientists motivated”可推知，此处是指有望发现疗法。prospect意为“前景，可能性”，符合语境。此空应是prospect，与keeps保持主谓一致。故填prospect。 (8)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：有效沟通对任何团队项目的成功都至关重要，因为它确保所有成员都有相同的目标和责任。根据“is ____ to”以及“ensures”可推知，此处是指重要、关键。critical意为“至关重要的”，作表语，符合语境。故填critical。 (9)题解析： 考查名词。句意：幕布一拉开，观众就对令人惊叹的舞台设计和表演者精湛的演技感到惊讶。根据“the curtain rose”和“the audience was surprised”句子结构均完整可知，“The ____”应是连词，instant意为“瞬间，刹那”，the instant引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，符合语境。故填instant。 (10)题解析： 考查动词。句意：随着委员会的计划得到我国政府的批准，我们终于可以启动社区改善项目了。根据“can finally start”可推知，此处是指计划通过了，项目终于可以启动。approve意为“批准”，符合语境。根据“with”可知，此空应是非谓语，plan与approve是动宾关系，应用过去分词approved，故填approved。 （25-26高二上·福建福州黎明中学·期中）阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词的正确形式填空。 constant          passionate          academy            critical                       commit    crucial             enormous          ultimate        obstacle                  emphasis Yang Zhenning’s student period was a 1 chapter that forged his scientific career. In 1938, he entered National Southwestern Associated University, where the tough wartime conditions didn’t dampen his enthusiasm for learning. He often spent long hours in the library, and his impressive 2 performance earned him respect from both teachers and classmates. Under the mentorship of famous physicist Wu Dayou, Yang 3 himself to studying theoretical physics. 4 , in 1945, he went to the University of Chicago for further education, becoming a student of the renowned physicist Enrico Fermi. There, he made 5 progress by participating in intensive research projects and academic discussions. Yang once 6 that his student years were the most valuable experience in his life. The rigorous training not only enhanced his professional skills but also taught him to think 7 . In 1948, he obtained his PhD in Physics, a milestone that paved the way for his future breakthroughs. His story inspires us that 8 and perseverance are essential for anyone pursuing dreams. For teenagers with academic aspirations, building a solid knowledge foundation is crucial. It is through 9 efforts that we can overcome 10 and achieve goals, just as Yang did in his own scientific journey. 【答案】1. crucial 2. academic 3. committed 4. Ultimately 5. enormous 6. emphasized 7. critically 8. passion 9. constant 10. obstacles 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了杨振宁的学生时代，这段关键时期塑造了他的科学生涯，他在艰难环境中潜心钻研，在名师指导下取得显著进步，其故事彰显了热情与毅力的重要性，为追求梦想的人提供了启示。 (1)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：杨振宁的学生时代是塑造他科学生涯的关键篇章。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词chapter，应用形容词作定语，结合语境，此处表示“关键的”，应用crucial。故填crucial。 (2)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：他经常在图书馆度过很长时间，令人印象深刻的学术表现为他赢得了老师和同学的尊重。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词performance，应用形容词作定语，结合前文“National Southwestern Associated University”及学术相关语境，此处表示“学术的”，应用academic。故填academic。 (3)题解析： 考查动词。句意：在著名物理学家吴大猷的指导下，杨振宁致力于理论物理的研究。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词，结合语境，此处表示“致力于”，应用commit，commit oneself to doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“致力于做某事”，结合上下文时态，此处应用一般过去时，commit用过去式。故填committed。 (4)题解析： 考查副词。句意：最终，在1945年，他前往芝加哥大学深造，成为著名物理学家恩里科·费米的学生。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子，应用副词作状语，结合语境，此处表示“最终”，应用ultimate的副词形式ultimately，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Ultimately。 (5)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：在那里，通过参与密集的研究项目和学术讨论，他取得了巨大的进步。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词progress，应用形容词作定语，结合语境，此处表示“巨大的”，应用enormous。故填enormous。 (6)题解析： 考查动词。句意：杨振宁曾强调，他的学生时代是他一生中最宝贵的经历。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词，结合语境，此处表示“强调”，应用emphasis的动词形式emphasize，结合前文“once”可知，此处应用一般过去时，emphasize用过去式。故填emphasized。 (7)题解析： 考查副词。句意：严格的训练不仅提升了他的专业技能，还教会他批判性地思考。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词think，应用副词作状语，结合语境，此处表示“批判性地”，应用critical的副词形式critically。故填critically。 (8)题解析： 考查名词。句意：他的故事激励我们，热情和毅力对于任何追求梦想的人来说都是必不可少的。分析句子结构可知，空处与“perseverance”并列作主语，应用名词，结合语境，此处表示“热情”，应用passionate的名词形式passion，为不可数名词。故填passion。 (9)题解析： 考查形容词。句意：只有通过持续的努力，我们才能克服障碍，实现目标，就像杨振宁在他自己的科学旅程中所做的那样。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词efforts，应用形容词作定语，结合语境，此处表示“持续的”，应用constant。故填constant。 (10)题解析： 考查名词。句意：只有通过持续的努力，我们才能克服障碍，实现目标，就像杨振宁在他自己的科学旅程中所做的那样。分析句子结构可知，空处作overcome的宾语，应用名词，结合语境，此处表示“障碍”，应用obstacle，结合语境可知，此处应用其复数形式表示泛指。故填obstacles。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 选词填空 （25-26高二上·福建漳州第一中学·期中）选择一个适当的词组，并将其正确形式填入空白处。(注意：每个词组只用一次。其中有两项为多余。) appeal to     for instance     be convinced of     be comprised of     take up     in this sense 1. After she retired from teaching, she painting as a hobby to live a colorful life. 2. Good habits shape our lives. , starting small today matters a lot. 3. Generally, the easy-to-follow science experiments in class students most. 4. After I attended the lecture of the scientist, I the importance of learning physics well. （一） （25-26高二上·福建福九联盟·期中）阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词的正确形式填空。 identical       display            employ          appropriate        break down   gesture        interaction        vary             approve of        witness We use both words and body language to express our thoughts when we 1 with other people. Just like spoken language, body language 2 from culture to culture. Making eye contact 3 interest in some countries, while in others it is not always 4 . For example, in Japan, it is respectful to bow or look down when speaking to an older person. The gesture for “OK” also has different meanings. When 5 this gesture in Japan, someone might think it means money, while in France, an 6 gesture means zero. However, you should avoid using it in Brazil and Germany, as it is considered impolite. Even the 7 for “yes” and “no” differ. In Bulgaria, shaking the head means “yes”. Such differences show the importance of using body language that is 8 to the culture. A smile, however, can 9 barriers everywhere. We highly advocate 10 a universally acknowledged smile to greet, apologize, or ask for help. Smiling at yourself in the mirror can make you feel happier. There’s nothing better than seeing a smiling face when you feel down. （二） （25-26高二上·福建福州第三中学-11月·期中）根据语境，选择适当的词语并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 critical   barely   edge   approve   objective   prospect   instant   call on   appeal to   come to power 1. We intended to visit the theme park, but ended up Professor Zhang. 2. does she speak in public, even when asked directly. 3. The old man along the narrow mountain path, holding the rope tightly to avoid falling down. 4. Traditional folk art rarely modern audiences, as its rhythm and themes feel outdated to many. 5. To conduct a reliable experiment, researchers must stay and not let personal opinions affect their data analysis. 6. during a period of economic hardship put the new government under great pressure to steady the market quickly. 7. Despite the challenging situation, the of discovering a cure for the disease keeps the scientists motivated to continue their research. 8. Effective communication is to the success of any team project, as it ensures all members share the same goals and responsibilities. 9. The the curtain rose, the audience was surprised by the breathtaking stage design and the performers’ exquisite acting. 10. With the committee’s plan by our government, we can finally start the community improvement project. （25-26高二上·福建福州黎明中学·期中）阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词的正确形式填空。 constant          passionate          academy            critical                       commit    crucial             enormous          ultimate        obstacle                  emphasis Yang Zhenning’s student period was a 1 chapter that forged his scientific career. In 1938, he entered National Southwestern Associated University, where the tough wartime conditions didn’t dampen his enthusiasm for learning. He often spent long hours in the library, and his impressive 2 performance earned him respect from both teachers and classmates. Under the mentorship of famous physicist Wu Dayou, Yang 3 himself to studying theoretical physics. 4 , in 1945, he went to the University of Chicago for further education, becoming a student of the renowned physicist Enrico Fermi. There, he made 5 progress by participating in intensive research projects and academic discussions. Yang once 6 that his student years were the most valuable experience in his life. The rigorous training not only enhanced his professional skills but also taught him to think 7 . In 1948, he obtained his PhD in Physics, a milestone that paved the way for his future breakthroughs. His story inspires us that 8 and perseverance are essential for anyone pursuing dreams. For teenagers with academic aspirations, building a solid knowledge foundation is crucial. It is through 9 efforts that we can overcome 10 and achieve goals, just as Yang did in his own scientific journey. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $