2026年中考英语阅读专项第1册：阅读理解20篇分层训练（基础+拔高，含详解与日积月累）

**基本信息** 分层训练体系覆盖中考阅读全题型，通过20篇主题文章系统培养语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇|10篇|细节定位、词义猜测等基础技巧|从校园生活到文化习俗，构建阅读基础能力| |拔高篇|10篇|推理判断、写作意图等高阶策略|从科技应用到跨文化交际，提升思维深度| |答案解析|20篇|题型分类+干扰项分析+词汇归纳|方法-知识-能力三维递进，强化学习能力|

2026中考英语语言运用阅读专项|第1册 阅读理解·分层训练20篇 (基础10篇+拔高10篇（含答案详解与日积月累）) 考纲1600词内1题型覆盖主旨/细节/推理/词义/写作意图|每篇附重点词汇归纳 第一部分基础篇(Passages1-10) Passage1|校园生活·记叙文|词数约228|建议用时6分钟 A Note on the Desk Li Hua is a quiet boy in Class 3,Grade 9.He is good at drawing but he never shows his pictures to others.He is afraid that his classmates may laugh at him One Monday morning,Li Hua found a note on his desk.It said,"Your picture on the blackboard newspaper last week was wonderful!Could you draw one for our reading comer?"There was no name on it.Li Hua looked around,but everyone was reading quietly That afternoon,he drew a picture of a girl reading under a big tree and put it in the reading comer.The next day,another note came:"It's beautiful!Why not join the school art club?"This time Li Hua smiled.He decided to find out who wrote the notes.After school,he stayed behind and saw his deskmate Wang Lin putting a third note on his desk. "It's you!"Li Hua said in surprise.Wang Lin smiled,"Our teacher says everyone needs a little push.Your pictures can make our classroom warmer."That weekend,Li Hua joined the art club.His pictures are now on the wall of the school hall,and he is no longer a quiet boy who hides his talent. 1.Why did Li Hua never show his pictures to others? A.Because he couldn't draw well B.Because he was afraid of being laughed at C.Because his teacher didn't allow it D.Because he had no time to draw 2.Who wrote the notes to Li Hua? A.His teacher B.His mother C.Wang Lin D.The art club leader 3.What does the underlined sentence "everyone needs a little push"mean? A.Everyone should be pushed hard B.Everyone needs a little encouragement C.Everyone likes writing notes D.Everyone must join the art club 4.What is the best title for the passage? A.A Note on the Desk B.The School Art Club C.How to Draw Pictures D.A Strict Teacher Passage2|家庭生活·记叙文|词数约235|建议用时6分钟 Dinner with Grandma Zhang Mei lives with her parents in the city.Her grandma lives alone in a small town two hours away.Zhang Mei used to visit her only during the Spring Festival. Last month,Zhang Mei's parents were both busy with work.So twelve-year-old Zhang Mei took the bus to the town by herself.When she arrived,grandma was sitting in the yard,shelling beans."Grandma,I'm here to keep you company,Zhang Mei said. Grandma's eyes lit up at once. That evening,Zhang Mei helped cook dinner.She washed the vegetables while grandma told stories about her childhood.At dinner,grandma put the best pieces of fish into Zhang Mei's bowl,just as she had done years ago."Grandma,you should eat more too,"Zhang Mei said,and put a piece into grandma's bowl.They both laughed On the bus home,Zhang Mei thought:"Grandma doesn't need expensive gifts.She just needs us to be there."Since then,she has visited grandma once a month,and sometimes they have video chats on weekends. 1.Where does Zhang Mei's grandma live? A.In the city with the family B.In a small town alone C.In a hospital D.With Zhang Mei's uncle 2.What was grandma doing when Zhang Mei arrived? A.Cooking dinner B.Telling stories C.Shelling beans in the yard D.Waiting at the bus stop 3.What did Zhang Mei learn from the visit? A.Grandma needs expensive gifts B.Being with family matters more than gifts C.Cooking fish is difficult D.Video chats are better than visits 4.What can we know from the passage? A.Zhang Mei visits grandma more often now B.Zhang Mei's parents moved to the town C.Grandma disliked the fish D.Zhang Mei will stop video chats Passage3|动物自然·说明文|词数约240|建议用时6分钟 Why Do Bees Dance? Bees are busy little workers.Most people know that bees make honey,but few people know that bees can "dance".In fact,a bee's dance is a kind of language. When a worker bee finds flowers with lots of nectar,it flies back home and dances on the honeycomb.If the flowers are near,the bee dances in a circle.This "round dance" tells other bees:"Food is close to us!Go and find it!"If the flowers are far away,the bee dances in a figure of eight,like the number 8.This "waggle dance"tells both the direction and the distance of the flowers.The bee moves straight in one direction while waggling its body,the direction of the line shows which way to fly,and the number of waggles shows how far it is. Scientists are still studying this amazing language.They have found that the dances are so exact that other bees can find the flowers even kilometres away The next time you see a bee,remember:it may look small,but it has its own clever way to talk with friends. 1.What is a bee's dance in fact? A.A kind of game B.A kind of language C.A way to make honey D.A way to sleep 2.If the flowers are far away,the bee will A.dance in a circle B.dance in a figure of eight C.stop dancing D.dance on the flowers 3.The underlined word "waggle"probably means A.摇摆 B.唱歌 C.停留 D.躲藏 4.What is the passage mainly about? A.How bees make honey B.How bees tell others about food C.Where bees build their homes D.Why bees are disappearing Passage4|人物故事·记叙文|词数约246|建议用时6分钟 The Girl Who Ran to School Every morning at half past six,people in a small mountain village can see a girl running along the road with a schoolbag on her back.She is Liu Fang,a 13-year-old student. Liu Fang's home is eight kilometres from her school.There is no school bus in the village,and her family cannot afford a bicycle.So she runs to school every day,in the hot summer and in the cold winter.The running takes her about an hour."The first month was really hard,Liu Fang said."My legs hurt every evening.But I didn't want to give up my studies." To save time,Liu Fang recites English words while running."The morning air is fresh,and my memory works best at that time,"she said with a smile.Her English teacher was deeply moved when she leamned about this.Now the teacher often gives her extra help after class,and Liu Fang's English is among the best in her class Last year,a reporter wrote about Liu Fang's story.Many kind people sent books and sports shoes to her school.Liu Fang gave most of them to her classmates."We should all run towards our dreams,"she said. 1.How does Liu Fang go to school every day? A.By school bus B.By bike C.On foot D.By car 2.How long does it take Liu Fang to run to school? A.Half an hour B.About an hour C.Two hours D.Eight hours 3.Why does Liu Fang recite English words while running? A.To make running interesting B.To save time and use her best memory time C.To win an English competition D.To make her teacher happy 4.What can we learn from Liu Fang? A.Running is the best sport B.We should give up when life is hard C.Difficulties cannot stop a person with a dream D.Reporters can change everything Passage5|健康饮食·说明文|词数约232|建议用时6分钟 Breakfast Matters Some students run out of home without breakfast every moming."I'm not hungry," or"I want to sleep ten more minutes,"they say.But doctors tell us that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After a whole night without food,our body needs energy in the morning.If we don't eat breakfast,our blood sugar will be low.Then it is hard for us to listen carefully in class.Some students may even feel sick or have a headache before noon A good breakfast does not need to be big or expensive.Doctors suggest that a healthy breakfast should have three things:some grains,like bread or porridge,to give us energy;some protein,like eggs or milk,to help us grow,and some fruit or vegetables, like an apple or a tomato,to give us vitamins.A breakfast with all three can keep us active until lunchtime. So from tomorrow on,get up ten minutes earlier and sit down for breakfast.Your body and your grades will both thank you. 1.Why do some students skip breakfast according to the passage? A.They have no money B.They are not hungry or want more sleep C.Their parents don't cook D.They want to lose weight 2.What may happen if students don't eat breakfast? A.They will listen more carefully B.Their blood sugar will be low C.They will grow faster D.They will feel excited 3.According to doctors,a healthy breakfast should include A.grains,protein and fruit or vegetables B.only milk and eggs C.fast food and juice D.meat and rice only 4.What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage? A.To sell breakfast food B.To tell students to eat breakfast every day C.To introduce doctors'work D.To teach students how to cook Passage6|兴趣爱好·记叙文|词数约225|建议用时6分钟 Grandpa's Garden on the Balcony Wang Qiang's grandpa moved to the city to live with the family last year.At first, grandpa was unhappy.He missed his big vegetable garden in the countryside Seeing this,Wang Qiang had an idea.He bought some large boxes,filled them with soil,and put them on the balcony."Grandpa,here is your new garden!"he said. Grandpa's face lit up.The next morning,he began to plant tomatoes,peppers and green onions in the boxes. Every day after school,Wang Qiang watered the plants with grandpa.Grandpa taught him how to tell if a tomato is ready to pick:"It must be red all over,and a little soft."Little by little,the small balcony turned green.Neighbours often stopped to look at it and asked for grandpa's advice. Last week,the family had a dinner with tomatoes and peppers from the balcony. "Nothing tastes better than vegetables you grow yourself,"grandpa said proudly.Wang Qiang smiled.He was happy that grandpa had found his "countryside"in the city 1.Why was grandpa unhappy at first? A.He didn't like Wang Qiang B.He missed his garden in the countryside C.He couldn't grow vegetables D.The city was too noisy 2.What did Wang Qiang do to help grandpa? A.He bought a house in the countryside B.He made a small garden on the balcony C.He took grandpa back to the village D.He cooked dinner for grandpa 3.How can we tell if a tomato is ready to pick? A.It is green and hard B.It is big and round C.It is red all over and a little soft D.It smells sweet 4.What does the story mainly tell us? A.City life is better than country life B.Love and care can help family members feel at home C.Growing vegetables is easy D.Old people should live alone Passage7|科普常识·说明文|词数约238|建议用时6分钟 Why Is the Sea Salty? If you have ever swum in the sea,you know that sea water tastes salty.But rain water and river water are fresh.Where does the salt in the sea come from? Part of the salt comes from the land.When rain falls on rocks,it slowly wears them down and picks up tiny amounts of salt and other minerals.Rivers then carry this salt to the sea.The other part comes from the sea floor itself,where hot springs under the sea give out minerals. You may ask:rivers carry salt to the sea every day,so why isn't the sea getting saltier and saltier?In fact,it is-but very,very slowly.At the same time,some salt leaves the sea.When sea water turns into vapour and rises into the air,the salt stays behind;but winds can blow tiny drops of salty water onto the land,and some salt goes deep into the sea floor.So the sea keeps a balance. Not all seas are equally salty,though.The Red Sea is one of the saltiest seas in the world because it is very hot and almost no rivers flow into it. 1.Sea water tastes salty mainly because of the salt from A.the rain B.the land and the sea floor C.the wind D.the fish 2.The underlined phrase "wears them down"in Paragraph 2 means A.使岩石碎裂磨损B.把岩石搬走 C.给岩石染色 D.使岩石变多 3.Why isn't the sea getting saltier quickly? A.Rivers stop carrying salt B.Salt leaves the sea in different ways at the same time C.Fish eat the salt D.Rain washes the sea 4.Why is the Red Sea one of the saltiest seas? A.It has many rivers B.It is very hot and almost no rivers flow into it C.It is very deep D.It is near the land Passage8|友谊互助记叙文|词数约243|建议用时6分钟 The Relay Race It was the day of the school sports meeting.Chen Jie was running the last leg of the 4x100-metre relay race for Class 5.Everyone said Class 5 would win easily,because Chen Jie was the fastest runner in Grade 8. But when Chen Jie took the baton from his teammate,it fell to the ground!The crowd went quiet for a second.Chen Jie quickly picked it up and ran with all his strength He passed one runner,then another.At the finish line,Class 5 came second-just one step behind Class 2. "It's all my fault,"said Zhao Peng,the teammate who had passed the baton to Chen Jie.His eyes were red."If I hadn't slowed down too early,the baton wouldn't have fallen.Chen Jie put his arm around Zhao Peng's shoulder."We win together,and we lose together.That's what a team means.Besides,a silver medal is still a medal!" Hearing this,the whole class cheered.Their teacher took a photo of the team holding the silver medal.In the photo,everyone is smiling-Zhao Peng's smile is the biggest of all. 1.What happened when Chen Jie took the baton? A.He ran in the wrong direction B.The baton fell to the ground C.He hurt his leg D.He stopped running 2.Which place did Class 5 get in the race? A.First B.Second C.Third D.Last 3.Why did Zhao Peng say "It's all my fault"? A.Because he ran too slowly in his leg B.Because he slowed down too early and the baton fell C.Because he didn't take part in the race D.Because he lost his shoes 4.What can we learn from Chen Jie's words? A.Winning is the only thing that matters B.A good team shares both success and failure C.Silver medals are useless D.We should blame others for mistakes Passage9|环境保护.说明文|词数约236|建议用时6分钟 Small Actions,Big Difference Every year,people around the world use about 500 billion plastic bags.Most of them are used for only 20 minutes,but they need hundreds of years to break down.Where do they go in the end?Many of them go into the sea. In the sea,plastic bags look like jellyfish,the favourite food of sea turtles.When turtles eat the bags,the plastic stays in their stomachs and makes them sick.Scientists say that if we do nothing,by 2050 there could be more plastic than fish in the sea The good news is that everyone can help.In many cities in China,shops no longer give out free plastic bags.Students in some schools have started"green bag"projects: they make cloth bags from old T-shirts and give them to people in markets for free.One student said,"One bag may save one turtle.That's enough reason for me." Protecting the ocean sounds like a big job,but it starts with small actions-like saying "No,thanks"to a plastic bag. 1.How long do most plastic bags stay in use? A.20 minutes B.One year C.Hundreds of years D.500 years 2.Why do sea turtles eat plastic bags? A.Because the bags taste good B.Because the bags look like jellyfish,their favourite food C.Because there is no food in the sea D.Because the bags are soft 3.What do students in some schools do to help? A.They buy many plastic bags B.They make cloth bags from old T-shirts and give them away C.They catch sea turtles D.They close the shops 4.What is the writer's purpose? A.To ask people to stop eating fish B.To encourage people to take small actions to protect the ocean C.To introduce sea turtles D.To sell cloth bags Passage10|文化习俗·说明文|词数约230|建议用时6分钟 Tea:A Cup of Chinese Culture Tea is the most popular drink in the world after water.Chinese people have drunk tea for thousands of years.But do you know how tea was discovered? An old story says that about 5,000 years ago,Emperor Shen Nong was boiling water under a tea tree.Some leaves fell into his pot.He tasted the water and found it fresh and nice.That was the first cup of tea.Of course,it is only a story,but it shows how long tea has been part of Chinese life. In China,tea is more than a drink.When guests come,the host always makes tea for them-this shows respect.In many families,young people serve tea to their grandparents to show love and thanks.At traditional weddings,the new couple serves tea to their parents,and the parents give them red envelopes in return Today,milk tea shops are everywhere,and young people love them.Whether it is a cup ofgreen tea made by grandpa or a cup of milk tea with friends,tea still brings people together,just as it did thousands of years ago. 1.According to the story,how was tea discovered? A.Shen Nong bought it in a market B.Some tea leaves fell into Shen Nong's boiling water C.A farmer grew it in the field D.A doctor made it as medicine 2.In China,making tea for guests shows A.wealth B.respect C.interest D.thanks 3.The underlined words "in return"in Paragraph 3 mean A.作为回报 B.退货 C.轮流 D.以后 4.What does the writer want to tell us? A.Milk tea is better than green tea B.Tea has been an important part of Chinese culture C.Shen Nong was the first emperor D.Young people don't like tea 第二部分拔高篇(Passages11-20) Passage11|科技与生活议论文|词数约318|建议用时8分钟 Should Students Use AI to Help with Homework? These days,many students use AI tools to help with their homework.With a phone in hand,a student can get the answer to almost any question in seconds.But is this a good thing?People have very different opinions. Supporters say AI is like a patient tutor.It never gets tired,and it can explain a difficult maths problem again and again until the student understands it.For students in small villages who cannot find good teachers,AI brings new hope."It helps me check my writing and tells me where my mistakes are,"said Li Ming,a Grade 9 student."My English has improved a lot this term." However,some teachers are worried."The purpose of homework is to train the brain, not to get the right answers,"says Ms.Wang,a Chinese teacher with 20 years of experience."If students copy answers from AI without thinking,they are lying to themselves.In the exam hall,there is no AI to help them."What worries teachers more is that AI sometimes makes mistakes.If students believe everything AI says,wrong ideas may stay in their heads. Perhaps the question is not whether to use Al,but how to use it.Experts suggest three rules for students:first,always finish your own thinking before asking AI;second, use AI to check and explain,not to replace your work,third,remember to question the answers AI gives.In this way,AI becomes a good teacher rather than a shortcut to laziness As one student put it,"AI is like a calculator.It helps you count faster,but you still need to know what numbers to put in." 1.Why do supporters think AI is helpful to students? A.It does all the homework for them B.It is like a patient tutor that explains repeatedly C.It helps them play games better D.It makes exams easier 2.What worries teachers most according to Ms.Wang's idea and Paragraph 3? A.AI tools are too expensive B.Students may copy without thinking and believe wrong answers C.AI will take teachers'jobs D.Students will use phones in class 3.What does the underlined word "shortcut"in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.捷径 B.短信 C.缺点 D.键盘 4.Which of the following would the experts probably agree with? A.Never use AI for study B.Think on your own first and question AI's answers C.Use AI to write all essays D.Believe whatever AI says 5.What can we infer from the student's words at the end? A.Calculators should be banned B.AI is useless for study C.AI helps only if we use our own minds first D.Maths is the most important subject Passage12|成长思辨·记叙文|词数约332|建议用时8分钟 The Empty Seat in the Piano Competition When the judge called her name for the second time,thirteen-year-old Su Tong was standing outside the concert hall,holding her rival's music book. The city piano competition was the most important event of Su Tong's year.She had practised the same piece for eight months.That morning,she arrived early and saw a girl crying in the hallway.It was Han Xue,the player just before her,and also her strongest rival."My music book is gone,"Han Xue sobbed."I left it on the bus.I can't play without it-my memory always fails me when I'm nervous. Su Tong knew this piece too-they had chosen the same one by accident.Without a second thought,she lent Han Xue her own book."The judges have copies.Ill manage," Su Tong said,though her own memory was not much better.But as the competition went on,Su Tong discovered that the judges'copies were all being used by other players When her tumn was coming,Su Tong made a decision.She ran to the nearest music shop bought a new book with her pocket money,and ran all the way back-which was why she was outside when her name was called. "I'm sory,I'm here!"she gasped.The judges agreed to let her play last.Sitting at the piano,Su Tong's hands were still shaking from running,but strangely,her heart was calm.She played better than ever. In the end,Han Xue won first prize and Su Tong came second.At the award ceremony,Han Xue held Su Tong's hand and said to the reporters,"The real champion taught me that music is bigger than a medal."The two girls have been best friends ever since,and they often play four-hand pieces together-with one shared music book between them. 1.Why was Su Tong outside the hall when her name was called? A.She was too nervous to enter B.She went to buy a music book C.She lost her way D.She was looking for her rival 2.What does the underlined word "rival"in Paragraph 2 mean? A.队友 B.对手 C.评委 D.朋友 3.Why did Su Tong lend her music book to Han Xue? A.She didn't need it at all B.She thought the judges'copies would be enough for her C.She wanted to give up the competition D.The judges asked her to do so 4.What can we infer from "strangely,her heart was calm"? A.She didn't care about the result B.Doing the right thing gave her peace of mind C.She knew she would win D.She was too tired to be nervous 5.What is the best title of the passage? A.How to Win a Piano Competition B.The Empty Seat in the Piano Competition C.Two Girls and a Music Shop D.The Importance of Practice Passage13|中外文化说明文I词数约326|建议用时8分钟 Why Do the British Talk About the Weather So Much? If you spend a day in the UK,you will probably hear people talking about the weather many times."Lovely day,isn't it?""Rain again!"Strangers at bus stops, shopkeepers and customers,even neighbours who have known each other for years all begin their conversations in the same way.Why are the British so interested in the weather? One reason is simple:British weather really is changeable.In one day,you may see sunshine,wind,rain and clouds,sometimes all within a single hour.People never know what to wear,so the weather is always worth talking about.But there is a deeper reason. Talking about the weather is a safe way to start a conversation.The British are famous for being polite and a little shy with strangers.Talking about personal things like age, money or family may make people uncomfortable.The weather,however,belongs to everyone and offends no one. There is also an unwritten rule in weather talk:you must agree.If someone says "It's cold today,"the proper answer is "Yes,freezing!"even if you don't feel cold at all.The purpose of weather talk is not to exchange information but to show friendliness. Disagreeing about the weather is considered almost rude. Interestingly,weather talk is changing.Young British people now often check weather apps on their phones instead of guessing from the sky,and some researchers worry that climate change,with its serious storms and heatwaves,is making the weather less of a light topic.Still,as long as there are bus stops and queues in Britain,the weather will remain the nation's favourite small talk. 1.British people like talking about the weather partly because A.the weather there is always fine B.the weather changes a lot C.they have nothing else to do D.they are weather scientists 2.Why is the weather a "safe"topic in the UK? A.It never changes B.Everyone knows a lot about it C.It is impersonal and offends no one D.It helps people make money 3.What is the "unwritten rule"in British weather talk? A.You must tell the truth B.You must agree with the other person C.You must talk for an hour D.You must check the weather app first 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Weather talk will disappear very soon B.Climate change may make weather a heavier topic C.Young people never talk about weather D.Bus stops will be removed in Britain 5.What is the passage mainly about? A.How to predict the weather in the UK B.The reasons and rules of British weather talk C.The history of British weather D.Climate change in the UK Passage14|科普探索·说明文|词数约341|建议用时8分钟 The Secret Life of Sleep We spend about a third of our lives sleeping,yet for a long time,sleep was one of the greatest mysteries of science.Why do we sleep?What happens in our brains while our bodies rest?Thanks to modern research,scientists are beginning to find answers- and many of them matter a lot to students. First,sleep is when the brain does its cleaning.During the day,our brain cells work hard and produce waste.At night,the spaces between brain cells grow larger,allowing a special liquid to wash the waste away.Without this nightly cleaning,waste builds up and makes it harder to think clearly the next day. Second,sleep helps us remember.When we learn something new,the information is first kept in a short-term "box"in the brain.During deep sleep,the brain replays the day's experiences and moves important information into long-term memory.This is why students who sleep well after studying often do better in tests than those who stay up all night.An all-nighter may give you a few more hours with your books,but it takes away the very process that turns those hours into real learning. Third,sleep affects our feelings.People who don't get enough sleep are more likely to feel worried or angry.One study found that teenagers who slept less than seven hours a night were much easier to be upset by small things. So how much sleep do teenagers need?Experts say eight to ten hours.It may sound like a lot when there is so much homework to do,but remember:sleeping is not a waste of time.It is the time when your brain turns today's effort into tomorrow's ability. 1.What happens in the brain during sleep according to Paragraph 2? A.Brain cells stop growing B.Waste is washed away from the brain C.The brain produces more waste D.Brain cells become smaller 2.Why do students who sleep well after studying do better in tests? A.They have more time to study B.Deep sleep moves new information into long-term memory C.They are cleverer than others D.Tests are easier for them 3.What does the underlined word "all-nighter"in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.A night with good sleep B.Staying up all night C.A test at night D.A long dream 4.What can we infer from the study mentioned in Paragraph 4? A.Teenagers need less sleep than adults B.Lack of sleep can make teenagers easier to get upset C.Sleep has nothing to do with feelings D.Small things never upset teenagers 5.What is the writer's attitude towards enough sleep for students? A.Doubtful B.Supportive C.Uncaring D.Worried Passage15|人物励志·夹叙夹议|词数约335|建议用时8分钟 The Runner Who Finished Last In 1968,the Olympic marathon in Mexico City ended hours after the winner crossed the finish line.Most of the crowd had gone home,and the medals had already been given out.Then,as darkness fell,a lone runner entered the stadium.His right knee was bandaged and bleeding,he was limping badly.This was John Stephen Akhwari from Tanzania Akhwari had fallen during the race after a collision with other runners.His knee was badly hurt,and doctors advised him to stop.But he refused."My country did not send me 5,000 miles to start the race,"he later told a reporter."They sent me 5,000 miles to finish it."Step by painful step,he completed the last kilometres of the marathon.The few people still in the stadium stood up and clapped as he crossed the line-more than an hour after the winner. Akhwari finished 57th out of 75 runners.He won no medal,set no record,and many people soon forgot his name.Yet his answer to the reporter travelled around the world and is still remembered today.Sports writers call it one of the greatest sentences in Olympic history. Why does this story still move us after more than fifty years?Perhaps because it answers a question we all face:what is the point of going on when we know we cannot win?Akhwari's answer is simple-the race you promised to finish is your own.Not every goal in life ends with a medal.Sometimes the goal is the finishing itself:the homework you complete though no one checks it,the promise you keep though no one remembers it Today,a street in his hometown carries his name.It does not say "Akhwari the champion".It simply says "Akhwari"-and that is enough 1.What happened to Akhwari during the race? A.He got lost B.He fell and hurt his knee badly C.He was disqualified D.He ran in the wrong direction 2.Why did Akhwari refuse to stop running? A.He wanted to win a medal B.He believed his duty was to finish the race C.He didn't understand the doctors D.He wanted to set a record 3.Which of the following is TRUE about Akhwari's finish? A.He won a gold medal B.He set an Olympic record C.He finished over an hour after the winner D.Nobody watched him finish 4.What question does the writer think this story answers? A.How to win a marathon B.What is the point of going on when we cannot win C.How to become famous D.Why the Olympics are important 5.What does the writer want to tell us? A.Winning is everything in sports B.Finishing what you promised matters more than medals C.Marathons are too dangerous D.We should forget the losers Passage16|学习方法说明文|词数约322|建议用时8分钟 The Testing Effect:Why Quizzes Help You Learn When exams come,most students open their books and read their notes again and again.It feels like the safest way to review.But scientists who study memory have surprising advice:close the book and test yourselfinstead. In one famous experiment,researchers divided students into two groups.Both groups studied the same article.Then the first group read the article four more times, while the second group closed the article and tried to write down everything they could remember-a kind of self-test.A week later,both groups took a test.To many people's surprise,the self-test group remembered about 50%more than the re-reading group,even though they had spent less time with the article. Why does testing work better than re-reading?Scientists explain it this way:every time you pull a piece of information out of your memory,that memory becomes stronger, like a path in a forest that becomes clearer the more you walk on it.Re-reading,on the other hand,only puts information in front of your eyes.It creates a comfortable feeling of "I know this",but the feeling is often an illusion-the information never really enters your memory. Does this mean you should never re-read?Not exactly.Reading is necessary for the first understanding.But after that,the most useful review is active recall:close the book, ask yourself questions,write down key points from memory,and then check what you missed.Flashcards,self-made quizzes and explaining a lesson to a classmate are all forms of active recall. So the next time you prepare for an exam,remember:a page that tests you teaches you more than a page you simply read. 1.In the experiment,what did the second group do after studying the article? A.They read it four more times B.They closed it and wrote down what they remembered C.They discussed it with classmates D.They slept for a week 2.What was the result of the experiment? A.The re-reading group did better B.The two groups did equally well C.The self-test group remembered about 50%more D.The self-test group spent more time 3.The writer compares memory to a forest path to show that A.memory is easy to lose B.recalling information makes the memory stronger C.forests are good for memory D.reading is like walking 4.What does the underlined word "illusion"in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.错觉 B.礼物 C.方法 D.进步 5.Which of the following is a form of active recall according to the passage? A.Reading notes silently five times B.Explaining a lesson to a classmate C.Copying the textbook D.Listening to music while reading Passage17|社会温情·记叙文|词数约338|建议用时8分钟 The Umbrella Wall At the east gate of Sunshine Community,there is a wall covered with umbrellas.Red ones,blue ones,big ones,small ones-on rainy days,anyone can take one for free;on sunny days,people bring them back,often with one or two extra. The wall started three years ago with a single broken umbrella.Aunt Zhao,who runs the breakfast shop by the gate,saw a schoolboy standing under her roof one stormy morning,watching the rain and crying because he would be late for an exam.She gave him her own umbrella."Bring it back when you can,"she said.The boy returned it the next day with a thank-you note and a second umbrella."My grandma says a borrowed umbrella should come home with a friend,"the note read. Aunt Zhao hung the two umbrellas on the wall outside her shop with a sign:"Take one if you need it.Neighbours smiled at first.Then someone added a third umbrella.A retired teacher painted the wall with rainbows.A repairman offered to fix broken umbrellas for free,so even damaged ones joined the wall.By the end of the first year, there were over forty umbrellas,and the wall had become the community's warmest landmark. Not every story was perfect.One winter,several umbrellas disappeared during a week of heavy snow,and someone suggested locking the wall.Aunt Zhao refused."If we lock it,"she said,"we will have umbrellas,but we will no longer have the wall."She added a smaller sign instead:"Come back when the sun does."Gradually,the umbrellas returned-more than had been taken. Reporters have asked Aunt Zhao many times why the wall works.She always gives the same answer:"An umbrella keeps off the rain.Trust keeps off something colder. 1.How did the umbrella wall start? A.A school donated umbrellas B.Aunt Zhao lent her umbrella to a boy and umbrellas grew from there C.The government built it D.A repairman collected broken umbrellas 2.What did the boy's thank-you note mean by "come home with a friend"? A.The umbrella should be returned with another one B.The boy wanted a new friend C.Grandma needed an umbrella D.The umbrella missed its home 3.Why did Aunt Zhao refuse to lock the wall? A.She lost the key B.Locking it would destroy the trust the wall stands for C.Umbrellas are cheap D.The neighbours asked her not to 4.What does Aunt Zhao mean by "Trust keeps off something colder"? A.Trust makes people feel warm inside B.Trust can stop the cold wind C.Umbrellas are useless in winter D.People should buy thicker coats 5.What is the best title for the passage? A.How to Fix an Umbrella B.The Umbrella Wall C.A Stormy Morning D.Aunt Zhao's Breakfast Shop Passage18|自然奥秘说明文|词数约330|建议用时8分钟 Why Do Leaves Change Colour in Autumn? Every autumn,mountains and parks put on a show ofred,yellow and orange. Tourists travel hundreds of kilometres to see it.But behind the beauty lies a quiet story of how trees prepare for winter For most of the year,leaves are green because they are full of chlorophyll,the chemical that catches sunlight and turns it into food for the tree.Trees need chlorophyll so much that they keep making it all summer,covering the other colours that are actually in the leaves all along. When autumn comes,days grow shorter and nights grow colder.Trees can sense this change.They begin to close the "doors"between the leaf and the branch-a thin layer of cells grows where the leaf joins the branch,slowly cutting off the water supply to the leaf.Without water,the leaf stops making chlorophyll.As the green colour fades,the hidden colours finally get their chance:the yellows and oranges were there all summer, quietly waiting,the reds,however,are brand new-they are made from sugar trapped in the leaf on sunny autumn days.That is why a bright,sunny autumn gives us redder leaves than a rainy one. In the end,the"door"closes completely,the leaf dries,and a wind sets it free.Far from being a sad ending,this is the tree's clever plan:by dropping its leaves,the tree stops losing water through them and saves its energy to survive the winter. So the next time a red leaflands on your shoulder,remember-you are holding not a death,but a clever goodbye 1.Why are leaves green for most of the year? A.They contain a lot of water B.They are full of chlorophyll which covers other colours C.They get too much sunlight D.They have no other colours 2.What makes leaves stop producing chlorophyll in autumn? A.Strong winds B.Too much rain C.The water supply to the leaf is cut off D.Tourists pick the leaves 3.Why are leaves redder after sunny autumn days? A.Sunlight burns the leaves B.Reds are made from sugar trapped in the leaf on sunny days C.Sunny days make chlorophyll red D.Rain washes the red away 4.What can we infer about why trees drop their leaves? A.Leaves become too heavy B.It helps trees save water and energy to survive winter C.Trees want to look beautiful D.Old leaves dislike winter 5.What feeling does the writer want to leave readers at the end? A.Sadness about death B.Fear of winter C.A warm respect for nature's wisdom D.Interest in picking leaves Passage19|成长反思·夹叙夹议|词数约344|建议用时8分钟 The Jar of Marbles On the first day of Grade 7,our new head teacher Mr.Guo brought a big glass jar and a bag of marbles to class.He put the jar on the windowsill and said nothing about it. For days,we guessed wildly:was it for a science experiment?A game? The answer came at the first class meeting."Every time anyone in this class does something kind or brave,"Mr.Guo said,dropping a marble into the jar,"one marble goes in.It doesn't matter if it's big or small-helping a classmate with maths,picking up rubbish nobody asked you to pick up,admitting a mistake.When the jar is full,we will celebrate together.""What will we get?"someone asked."That's the interesting part,"Mr Guo smiled."I don't know yet.We'll decide when the jar is full." At first,we did good deeds loudly,making sure someone noticed."I just helped Wang Lei carry his bag!Put in a marble!"But Mr.Guo had another rule:only others could report your good deeds,never yourself.Slowly,something changed.We began watching each other-not to catch mistakes,as classes often do,but to catch goodness. "I saw Lin Tao stay behind to clean the blackboard yesterday,"someone would say,and the marble would fall with a clear,happy sound. By winter,the jar was half full,and our class had changed without our noticing Fights became rare,lost things found their way home.The jar was not magic,of course. It simply taught us to look for the best in each other-and when you look for the best in people,you often bring it out. On the day the last marble dropped in,we voted for our celebration:a picnic by the river,with Mr.Guo as our guest of honour.The empty jar now stands by the door.This year,it is filling again-this time with marbles we put in for ourselves,for the things no one saw 1.When would Mr.Guo put a marble into the jar? A.When someone got a high score B.When anyone in class did something kind or brave C.When the class won a competition D.When a new student arrived 2.What was Mr.Guo's other rule about reporting good deeds? A.You must report your own deeds B.Only others could report your good deeds C.Good deeds must be kept secret D.Only teachers could report 3.What change happened to the class by winter? A.Students studied harder for exams B.Fights became rare and lost things were returned C.The jar became full D.Students stopped doing good deeds 4.What does "catch goodness"mean in Paragraph 3? A.抓住别人的把柄B.发现并指出别人的善行 C.得到奖品 D 抓住弹珠 5.What is the main idea of the passage? A.A glass jar can work magic B.Looking for the best in people brings out the best C.Teachers should give prizes D.Good deeds must be reported Passage20|跨文化交际·说明文|词数约336|建议用时8分钟 Same Word,Different Worlds:Colour Words Across Cultures When Chinese students learn English,they often meet sentences that seem to make no sense:"He is feeling blue today.Blue?Isn't that a colour?In fact,colour words cany different feelings in different cultures,and understanding them is a small but real step in cross-cultural communication Take blue first.In English,blue often stands for sadness:"feeling blue"means feeling sad,and "the blues"is a kind of slow,sad music.Yet blue also suggests peace and trust-that is why many banks and airlines choose blue for their logos.In Chinese, has no strong connection with sadness at all;instead,it usually makes people think of the sky and the sea. Red tells a different story.In China,red is the colour of joy:red envelopes at the Spring Festival,red lanterns at weddings.But in English,red is often connected with danger or anger:a red flag wains of danger,and "to see red"means to become very angry. A British person seeing the Chinese stock market might be very confused-in China red means prices are going up,while in Western markets,red means they are falling! White offers perhaps the sharpest contrast.At Western weddings,the bride wears white,a symbol of purity and new beginnings.In traditional Chinese culture,however, white was long connected with funerals and sadness,though today many Chinese brides happily wear white wedding dresses,showing how cultures borrow from each other. None of these differences means one culture is "right"and another "wrong".They simply grew from different histories.The real lesson for language learners is this:a word is never just a word.Behind it stands a whole way of seeing the world-and learning a language means learning to see through another culture's eyes. 1.What does "He is feeling blue today"mean? A.He likes the colour blue B.He is feeling sad C.He is wearing blue clothes D.He feels peaceful 2.In China,what does red usually stand for? A.Danger B.Anger C.Joy D.Purity 3.Why might a British person be confused by the Chinese stock market? A.The prices change too fast B.Red means rising prices in China but falling prices in Western markets C.There are no colours in Westemn markets D.The market uses too much blue 4.What does the example of Chinese brides in white show? A.White is unlucky for everyone B.Cultures can borrow from and influence each other C.Chinese weddings are Westem now D.White is only for funerals 5.What is the real lesson for language leamers according to the passage? A.Memorise more colour words B.A word carries a culture's way of seeing the world C.English is harder than Chinese D.Avoid using colour words 第三部分答案与解析 Passage1答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.C3.B4.A l.B细节理解题。定位第一段末句He is afraid that his classmates may laugh at him”,与B项 “害怕被嘲笑同义。陷阱：A项与原文“He is good at drawing”相反，是典型反义干扰。 2.C细节理解题。第三段末句he saw his deskmate Wang Lin putting a third note on his desk”直 接点明是同桌王林。 3.B词义猜测题。结合上下文：王林写纸条鼓励李华展示才华，push在此是比喻义“鼓励、 推动'，与encouragement对应。陷阱：A项按字面意思理解，脱离语境。 4.A主旨大意题。全文围绕“课桌上的纸条'展开：纸条改变了一个不敢展示自己的男孩。B 项只是故事结尾的一部分，C、D偏离主题。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 be good at 擅长.… 文中：He is good at drawing.拓展：at后接名词或动名词 doing laugh at 嘲笑 文中：afraid that his classmates may laugh at him.拓展： 反义praise sb.for因..表扬某人 find out 查明；弄清楚 文中：He decided to find out who wrote the notes.拓展： find强调找到的结果，find out强调查证 in surprise 惊讶地 文中：LiHua said in surprise..拓展：同类结构in fear/in anger,介词用im Passage2答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.C3.B4.A 1.B细节理解题。第一段“Her grandma lives alone in a small town''直接给出答案。 2.C细节理解题。第二段“grandma was sitting in the yard,shelling beans''为原文定位句。shell beans意为‘剥豆”，不认识也不影响做题，凭语境可选。 3.B推理判断题。末段“doesn't need expensive gifts.just needs us to be there''推出“陪伴比礼 物更重要”。陷阱：A项与原文正好相反。 4.A细节理解题。末段‘“she has visited grandma once a month,.and sometimes they have video chats''说明探望变多了。D项错在stop,与原文矛盾。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 used to do 过去常常做… 文中：Zhang Mei used to visit her only during the Spring Festival..拓展：辨析be usedto doing习惯于做 keep sb.company 陪伴某人 文中：I'm here to keep you company.拓展：company此 处不可数，不加a light up (眼睛、脸)亮 文中：Grandma's eyes lit up at once.拓展：还可表“点亮 起来；露出喜色 （灯)” put...into... 把.…放进.… 文中：put the best pieces of fish into Zhang Mei's bowl..注 意：imto表方向，不可换成on Passage3答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.A4.B 1.B细节理解题。第一段末句“abee's dance is a kind of language'直接点明。 2.B细节理解题。第二段“If the flowers are far away,the bee dances in a figure of eight'。陷 阱：A项“圆舞”对应的是flowers are near,张冠李戴。 3.A词义猜测题。下句while waggling its body''描述蜜蜂跳舞时身体的动作，结合8字舞”的 常识可推知是“摇摆”。语境猜词，无需认识该词。 4.B主自大意题。全文围绕蜜蜂用舞蹈传递食物位置信息展开，B项概括最准。A项只在开 头一句提及，非主旨。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 in fact 事实上 文中：In fact,abee's dance is a kind of language..拓展：用 于句首引出真相，同义actually figure of eight 8字形 文中：dances in a figure of eight.拓展：figure还有‘数 字；人物：身材等义 both...and... 和.…都 文中：tells both the direction and the distance.注意：连接 两个并列成分 kilometre 千米：公里 文中：even kilometres away.拓展：kilometres away前常 用具体数字或even强调 Passage4答案与解析 答案速查：1.C2.B3.B4.C 1.C细节理解题。第二段“no school bus...cannot afford a bicycle..So she runs to school',跑着 上学即步行，选C。 2.B细节理解题。第二段The running takes her about an hour''。陷阱：A项的half an hour来 自她背课文的时间描述干扰，注意区分。 3.B细节理解题。第三段To save time,.Liu Fang recites English words.my memory works best at that time'”,两个原因都对应B。 4.C推理判断题。刘芳在艰苦条件下坚持求学并说We should all run towards our dreams”,推 出C。B项价值观错误，D项夸大事实。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 afford 买得起；负担得 文中：her family cannot afford a bicycle.用法：常与can/ 起 camt连用，后接名词或todo give up 放弃 文中：I didn't want to give up my studies.拓展：give up doing sth.放弃做某事 be deeply moved 被深深打动 文中：Her English teacher was deeply moved..注意：被动 语态，deeply修饰moved among the best 名列前茅 文中：her English is amnong the best in her class..拓展： among用于三者及以上之中 Passage5答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.A4.B 1.B细节理解题。第一段引语“I'm not hungry"I want to sleep ten more minutes'”即学生不吃早 餐的两个理由。 2.B细节理解题。第二段If we don't eat breakfast,.our blood sugar will be low''。A项与原文 hard to listen carefully”相反。 3.A细节理解题。第三段“three things:some grains..some protein.some fiuit or vegetables' 完整对应A项。 4.B写作意图题。结尾“get up ten minutes earlier and sit down for breakfast'点明作者目的：劝 说学生每天吃早餐。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 the most important 最重要的一餐 文中：breakfast is the most important meal of the day.注 meal 意：important的最高级前加most blood sugar 血糖 文中：our blood sugar will be low.拓展：low的反义词 high,be high/low in表示某含量高/低” suggest 建议 文中：Doctors suggest that a healthy breakfast should have three things.用法：suggest(hat)./suggest doing,不接 to do keep us active 使我们保持活跃 文中：can keep us active until lunchtime..结构：keep+宾 语+形容词 Passage6答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.C4.B 1.B细节理解题。第一段He missed his big vegetable garden in the countryside”为直接原因。 2.B细节理解题。第二段“bought some large boxes,.filled them with soil,,and put them on the balcony''即在阳台造了小花园。 3.C细节理解题。第三段“It must be red all over,and a little soft',两个条件缺一不可。陷阱： B项big and round文中未提，是常识千扰。 4.B主旨大意题。王强用心帮爷爷在城市找到归属感，“found his countryside in the city”点 题：关爱让家人安心。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 move to 搬到.… 文中：grandpa moved to the city.注意：to后接地点，表 方向 fill...with... 用.装满.… 文中：filled them with soil..拓展：被动be filled with=be full of little by little 渐渐地 文中：Little by little,the small balcony turned green.拓 展：同义step by step ask for 请求；征求 文中：asked for grandpa's advice..注意：advice不可数， 条建议用apiece of advice Passage7答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.A3.B4.B l.B细节理解题。第二段“Part of the salt comes from the land..The other part comes from the sea floor itself',两大来源概括即B。 2.A词义猜测题。雨水落在岩石上并“带走”盐分，可推知雨水先把岩石慢慢侵蚀磨损。wear dowm本义“磨损”。 3.B细节理解题。第三段“some salt leaves the sea..winds can blow..some salt goes deep into the sea floor'',盐同时在流失，保持平衡。 4.B细节理解题。末段because it is very hot and almost no rivers flow into it'。陷阱：A项与 原文“几乎没有河流”相反。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 come from 来自.… 文中：Where does the salt in the sea come from?同义：be from pick up 带走；捡起；学 文中：picks up tiny amounts of salt.一词多义，注意结合 会 语境判断 tum into 变成. 文中：When sea water tums into vapour.拓展：change into同义 flow into 流入… 文中：almost no rivers flow into it.flow的过去式 flowed,注意与fly-flew区分 Passage8答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.B4.B 1.B细节理解题。第二段“it fell to the ground',it指代the baton(接力棒)。 2.B细节理解题。第二段末Class5 came second一just one step behind Class2”。 3.B细节理解题。第三段“If I hadn't slowed down too early,the baton wouldn't have fallen''说明 他自责的原因。 4.B推理判断题。“We win together,.and we lose together..That's what a team means'"体现团队同 甘共苦的精神。D项价值观与原文相反。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 take..from... 从.接过/拿 文中：took the baton from his teammate.注意时态： 走… take-took-taken pick up 捡起 文中：quickly picked it up.代词it必须放在pick与up中 间 with all one's strength 用尽全力 文中：ran with all his strength.拓展：同义try one's best put one's arm around 搂着；用胳膊搂 文中：put his arm around Zhao Peng's shoulder.表示安 着 慰、亲近的动作 Passage9答案与解析 答案速查：1.A2.B3.B4.B 1.A细节理解题。第一段Most of them are used for only20 ninutes'”。陷阱：C项是*分解所 需时间*，与“使用时间”张冠李戴，是典型时间混淆干扰。 2.B细节理解题。第二段“plastic bags look like jellyfish,the favourite food of sea turtles''。 3.B细节理解题。第三段“make cloth bags from old T-shirts and give them to people in markets for free'',give away即免费赠送。 4.B写作意图题。末段“it starts with small actions”点明主旨：从小行动做起保护海洋。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 break down 分解；出故障 文中：they need hundreds of years to break down.一词多 义：车break down是“抛锚 in the end 最后；最终 文中：Where do they go in the end?辨析：at the end of.. 后接名词 give out 分发；免费发放 文中：shops no longer give out free plastic bags.拓展：还 有耗尽”之义 no longer 不再 文中：no longer give out free plastic bags.位置：实义动 词前、be动词后 Passage10答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.A4.B l.B细节理解题。第二段Some leaves fell into his pot..He tasted the water and found it fresh and nice'。 2.B细节理解题。第三段“the host always makes tea for them一this shows respect'”。 3.A词义猜测题。新人给父母敬茶，父母给红包“作为回报/回礼”，in return意为“作为交 换、回报”。 4.B主旨大意题。全文从发现、礼俗到今天的奶茶，说明茶一直是中国文化的重要组成部 分，末句tea still brings people together”点题。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 thousands of 数千的；成千上 文中：for thousands ofyears..注意：表示概数时thousand 万的 后加s且接of more than 不仅仅是：超过 文中：tea is more than a drink.一词多义：more than 10 years表“超过十年” serve...to... 把...端给/招 文中：young people serve teato their gr'andparents.seve 待… sb.sth.serve sth.to sb. in return 作为回报 文中：the parents give them red envelopes in return.拓 展：in return for..作为对.的回报 Passage11答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.A4B5.C l.B细节理解题。第二段“AI is like a patient tutor..explain..again and again until the student understands”,对应B的repeatedly explains。 2.B细节理解题。第三段提出两层担忧：不思考照抄以及“What worries teachers more is that AI sometimes makes mistakes..wrong ideas may stay”,B概括完整。 3.A词义猜测题。前文说要用自己的思考在先，AI应成为好老师rather than a shortcut to laziness'”(通往懒惰的捷径)。由rather than的对比关系可推出词义。 4.B推理判断题。由第四段三条规则先自己思考、用AI检查解释、质疑AI答案可推出 B。A项过于绝对，与how to use it'的态度不符。 5.C推理判断题。把AI比作计算器一“算得更快，但你得先知道输入什么数字”，寓意工 具再好也要以独立思考为前提，即C。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 be worried 感到担忧 文中：some teachers are worried.同义：be concemed about replace 取代 文中：not to replace your work.用法：replace A with B用 B取代A rather than 而不是 文中：a good teacher rather than a shortcut to laziness.连 接并列成分，表取舍 as one put it 正如某人所说 文中：As one student put it.拓展：put it此处意为“表 述、说” Passage12答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.B4.B5.B 1.B细节理解题。第三段末“ran to the nearest music shop,.bought a new book.which was why she was outside when her name was called". 2.B词义猜测题。由her strongest rival'及两人弹同一首曲子参赛可知，韩雪是她最强的竞争 对手。 3.B细节理解题。第三段The judges have copies.I'll manage,.'..though her own memory was not much better''说明她当时以为可以借评委的谱子应对。陷阱：A项忽略了though引出的真 实情况。 4.B推理判断题。帮助对手之后内心反而平静，可推出问心无愧带来心安，与结尾usic is bigger than a medal'呼应。 5.B主台大意题。“钢琴比赛中的空位既概括了开篇悬念（她被点名时不在场），又引出她 舍己助人的主体故事，最具统摄力。A、D偏离主题，C只是局部细节。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 without a second 不假思索地 文中：she lent Han Xue her own book without a second thought thought..用于褒扬果断的善意 manage 设法应付 文中："'ll manage.熟词生义：不是“管理”，而是“应付过 去”，manage to do设法做成 by accident 偶然地 文中：they had chosen the same one by accident.反义：on purpose故意地 ever since 从那时起一直 文中：have been best friends ever since..与现在完成时连 用 Passage13答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.C3.B4.B5.B l.B细节理解题。第二段“British weather really is changeable..sometimes all within a single hour”,变化无常是原因之一。 2.C细节理解题。第二段末The weather,however,.belongs to everyone and offends no one'”, 与C的impersonal(不涉及私人)对应。 3.B细节理解题。第三段you must agree.The purpose..is not to exchange information but to show friendliness''。陷阱：A项看似合理，实则与文中even if you don't feel cold矛盾。 4.B推理判断题。“climate change..is making the weather less of a light topic'”可推出天气话题 可能变得更沉重，B正确；A项与末句will remain'矛盾。 5.B主自大意题。全文围绕英国人爱谈天气的原因（多变、安全）与潜规则（必须附和）展 开，B概括最全面。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 be famous for 以..…闻名 文中：famous for being polite..辨析：be famous as以. 身份闻名 belong to 属于 文中：The weather belongs to everyone.注意：无被动、 无进行时 instead of 代替；而不是 文中：check weather apps..instead of guessing.后接名词 或doing as long as 只要 文中：as long as there are bus stops and queues.引导条件 状语从句 Passage14答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.B4.B5.B l.B细节理解题。第二段“allowing a special liquid to wash the waste away',睡眠时大脑进行 “清洁”。 2.B细节理解题。第三段“During deep sleep,the brain..moves important information into long- term memory',对应B。 3.B词义猜测题。由上文those who stay up all night''和下文give you a few more hours with your books''可知all-nighter指通宵不睡。 4.B推理判断题。研究：每晚睡不足7小时的青少年“much easier to be upset by small things”,推出缺觉更易烦躁。 5.B观点态度题。末段“sleeping is not a waste of time..turns today's effort into tomorrow's ability明确支持充足睡眠。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 thanks to 多亏；由于 文中：Thanks to modern research.注意：多含褒义；表中 性原因用because of build up 逐渐积累 文中：waste builds up.拓展：build up one's body增强体 质 stay up 熬夜 文中：those who stay up all night..拓展：stay up late熬到 很晚 be likely to do 很可能做某事 文中：more likely to feel worried or angry.主语可以是人 或物 Passage15答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.C4.B5.B l.B细节理解题。第二段had fallen during the race..His knee was badly hurt'。 2.B推理判断题。由My country did not send me5,000 miles to start the race..to finish it'可推 知他认为使命在于跑完全程，而非名次。 3.C细节理解题。第二段末more than an hour after the winner”。陷阱：A、B与第三段“won no medal,set no record"相反；D与“stood up and clapped”相反。 4.B细节理解题。第四段“it answers a question we all face:what is the point of going on when we know we cannot win?'。 5.B主旨大意题。第四段“the goal is the finishing itself'点明主旨：兑现承诺、坚持到底比奖 牌更重要。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 give out 分发；颁发 文中：the medals had already been given out..注意此处为 过去完成被动语态 advise sb.to do 建议某人做某事 文中：doctors advised him to stop.拓展：advise doing, 但advise sb.todo stand up and clap 起立鼓掌 文中：stood up and clapped as he crossed the line.clap clapped,.注意双写p the point of doing 做.的意义 文中：what is the point of going on.句型：There is no point in doing做..没有意义 Passage16答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.C3.B4.A5.B l.B细节理解题。第二段“the second group closed the article and tried to write down everything they could remember''。 2.C细节理解题。第二段末the self--test group remembered about50%more..even though they had spent less time''。陷阱：D项与原文less time相反。 3.B推理判断题。比喻“越常走的路越清晰”说明主动提取信息能强化记忆，B正确。 4.A词义猜测题。由破折号后the information never really enters your memory'可知“我知道这 个”的舒适感其实是一种错觉。 5.B细节理解题。第四段“Flashcards,.self-made quizzes and explaining a lesson to a classmate are all forms of active recall". 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 divide...into... 把..分成.… 文中：divided students into two groups..被动：be divided into even though 即使；尽管 文中：even though they had spent less time..引导让步状语 从句，不与but连用 on the other hand 另一方面 文中：Re-reading,.on the other hand,.only puts.用于对 比，常与on the one hand呼应 active recall 主动回忆 文中：the most useful review is active recall..recall=re- (再)+cal(唤起) Passage17答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.A3.B4.A5.B 1.B细节理解题。第二段：赵阿姨借伞给男孩→男孩还伞时多带一把→挂墙供人取用，墙的 由来即B。 2.A推理判断题。由“returned it the next day..and a second umbrella''可知带个朋友回家指 还伞时多添一把。 3.B推理判断题。由'If we lock it,we will have umbrellas,.but we will no longer have the wall'可 知，她守护的是墙所代表的信任而非伞本身。 4.A推理判断题。伞挡雨，信任挡“更冷的东西”一即人与人之间的冷漠，意为信任温暖人 心。 5.B主自大意题。全文围绕“伞墙的诞生、波折与意义展开，B最具统摄力；C、D只是局 部。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 for free 免费地 文中：anyone can take one for free.同义：free of charge thank-you note 感谢便条 文中：with a thank-you note.复合名词作定语，thank-you 用连字符 offer to do 主动提出做某事 文中：offered to fix broken umbrellas for free.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb. keep off 挡住；使不接近 文中：An umbrella keeps off the rain.拓展：keep off the grass勿踩草坪 Passage18答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C 1.B细节理解题。第二段full of chlorophyll..covering the other colours'”,绿色遮盖了本就存 在的其他颜色。陷阱：D项与“the other colour's that are actually in the leaves all along”相反。 2.C细节理解题。第三段“cutting off the water supply to the leaf.Without water,the leaf stops naking chlorophyll'。 3.B细节理解题。第三段末the reds.are made from sugar trapped in the leaf on sunny autumn days”。 4.B推理判断题。第四段by dropping its leaves,the tree stops losing water...saves its energy to survive the winter'”,可推出落叶是保水节能的生存策略。 5.C观点态度题。结尾not a death,but a clever goodbye'把落叶写成智慧的告别，传递对自然 智慧的敬意与温情。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 all along 一直；始终 文中：colours that are actually in the leaves all along.拓 展：同义all the time cut off 切断 文中：cutting off the water supply.拓展：cut off the electricity断电 be made from 由..制成（看 文中：reds are made from sugar.辨析：be made of看得出 不出原料) 原料 far from 远非；完全不 文中：Far from being a sad ending.用法：far from+ n./doing,表否定判断 Passage19答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.B3.B4.B5.B l.B细节理解题。第二段“Every time anyone in this class does something kind or brave..one marble goes in'',明确与学习分数无关。陷阱：A项是典型经验干扰。 2.B细节理解题。第三段“only others could report your good deeds,never yourself'。 3.B细节理解题。第四段“Fights became rare,:lost things found their way home''。C项时间不 符—罐子到年末才满。 4.B词义/句意理解题。由对比not to catch mistakes..but to catch goodness'”及后文汇报同学 善行的例子可知，是发现他人的好。 5.B主旨大意题。第四段“when you look for the best in people,.you often bring it out'为全文点 睛句，B最贴合。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 admit 承认 文中：admitting a mistake.用法：admit doing sth.;admit a mistake承认错误 make sure 确保；务必 文中：making sure someone noticed.后接(that)从句或of sth. stay behind 留下来 文中：stay behind to clean the blackboard.behind为副 词，不接宾语 bring out 使显现；激发 文中：bring it out.拓展：bring out the best in sb.激发出 某人最好的一面 Passage20答案与解析 答案速查：1.B2.C3.B4.B5.B 1.B细节理解题。第二段feeling blue'means feeling sad'。陷阱：D项利用了blue的另一层 含义“宁静”，与feeling blue固定搭配无关。 2.C细节理解题。第三段“In China,red is the colour of joy:red envelopes..red lanterns'”。A、 B是英语文化中red的联想。 3.B细节理解题。第三段末“in China,red means prices are going up,while in Western markets,. red means they are falling". 4.B推理判断题。第四段末“showing how cultures borrow from each other'”,直接点明该例证 明文化相互借鉴融合。 5.B主自大意题。末段“a word is never just a word..Behind it stands a whole way of seeing the world为全文主旨。 日积月累 重点词汇/短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 make no sense 讲不通；毫无意 文中：sentences that seem to make no sense.拓展：make 义 sense有意义、讲得通 stand for 代表；象征 文中：blue often stands for sadness.还可指缩写“代表”， 如UN stands for.. be connected with 与.有联系 文中：red is often connected with danger.同义：berelated to borrow from 向...借鉴 文中：cultures borrow from each other.辨析：borrow借 入，lend借出 2026 中考英语语言运用·阅读专项｜第 1 册 阅读理解·分层训练 20 篇　（基础 10 篇 + 拔高 10 篇（含答案详解与日积月累）） 考纲 1600 词内｜题型覆盖主旨 / 细节 / 推理 / 词义 / 写作意图｜每篇附重点词汇归纳 第一部分　基础篇（Passages 1–10） Passage 1｜校园生活·记叙文｜词数约 228｜建议用时 6 分钟 A Note on the Desk Li Hua is a quiet boy in Class 3, Grade 9. He is good at drawing but he never shows his pictures to others. He is afraid that his classmates may laugh at him. One Monday morning, Li Hua found a note on his desk. It said, "Your picture on the blackboard newspaper last week was wonderful! Could you draw one for our reading corner?" There was no name on it. Li Hua looked around, but everyone was reading quietly. That afternoon, he drew a picture of a girl reading under a big tree and put it in the reading corner. The next day, another note came: "It's beautiful! Why not join the school art club?" This time Li Hua smiled. He decided to find out who wrote the notes. After school, he stayed behind and saw his deskmate Wang Lin putting a third note on his desk. "It's you!" Li Hua said in surprise. Wang Lin smiled, "Our teacher says everyone needs a little push. Your pictures can make our classroom warmer." That weekend, Li Hua joined the art club. His pictures are now on the wall of the school hall, and he is no longer a quiet boy who hides his talent. 1. Why did Li Hua never show his pictures to others? A. Because he couldn't draw well B. Because he was afraid of being laughed at C. Because his teacher didn't allow it D. Because he had no time to draw 2. Who wrote the notes to Li Hua? A. His teacher B. His mother C. Wang Lin D. The art club leader 3. What does the underlined sentence "everyone needs a little push" mean? A. Everyone should be pushed hard B. Everyone needs a little encouragement C. Everyone likes writing notes D. Everyone must join the art club 4. What is the best title for the passage? A. A Note on the Desk B. The School Art Club C. How to Draw Pictures D. A Strict Teacher Passage 2｜家庭生活·记叙文｜词数约 235｜建议用时 6 分钟 Dinner with Grandma Zhang Mei lives with her parents in the city. Her grandma lives alone in a small town two hours away. Zhang Mei used to visit her only during the Spring Festival. Last month, Zhang Mei's parents were both busy with work. So twelve-year-old Zhang Mei took the bus to the town by herself. When she arrived, grandma was sitting in the yard, shelling beans. "Grandma, I'm here to keep you company," Zhang Mei said. Grandma's eyes lit up at once. That evening, Zhang Mei helped cook dinner. She washed the vegetables while grandma told stories about her childhood. At dinner, grandma put the best pieces of fish into Zhang Mei's bowl, just as she had done years ago. "Grandma, you should eat more too," Zhang Mei said, and put a piece into grandma's bowl. They both laughed. On the bus home, Zhang Mei thought: "Grandma doesn't need expensive gifts. She just needs us to be there." Since then, she has visited grandma once a month, and sometimes they have video chats on weekends. 1. Where does Zhang Mei's grandma live? A. In the city with the family B. In a small town alone C. In a hospital D. With Zhang Mei's uncle 2. What was grandma doing when Zhang Mei arrived? A. Cooking dinner B. Telling stories C. Shelling beans in the yard D. Waiting at the bus stop 3. What did Zhang Mei learn from the visit? A. Grandma needs expensive gifts B. Being with family matters more than gifts C. Cooking fish is difficult D. Video chats are better than visits 4. What can we know from the passage? A. Zhang Mei visits grandma more often now B. Zhang Mei's parents moved to the town C. Grandma disliked the fish D. Zhang Mei will stop video chats Passage 3｜动物自然·说明文｜词数约 240｜建议用时 6 分钟 Why Do Bees Dance? Bees are busy little workers. Most people know that bees make honey, but few people know that bees can "dance". In fact, a bee's dance is a kind of language. When a worker bee finds flowers with lots of nectar, it flies back home and dances on the honeycomb. If the flowers are near, the bee dances in a circle. This "round dance" tells other bees: "Food is close to us! Go and find it!" If the flowers are far away, the bee dances in a figure of eight, like the number 8. This "waggle dance" tells both the direction and the distance of the flowers. The bee moves straight in one direction while waggling its body; the direction of the line shows which way to fly, and the number of waggles shows how far it is. Scientists are still studying this amazing language. They have found that the dances are so exact that other bees can find the flowers even kilometres away. The next time you see a bee, remember: it may look small, but it has its own clever way to talk with friends. 1. What is a bee's dance in fact? A. A kind of game B. A kind of language C. A way to make honey D. A way to sleep 2. If the flowers are far away, the bee will ______. A. dance in a circle B. dance in a figure of eight C. stop dancing D. dance on the flowers 3. The underlined word "waggle" probably means ______. A. 摇摆 B. 唱歌 C. 停留 D. 躲藏 4. What is the passage mainly about? A. How bees make honey B. How bees tell others about food C. Where bees build their homes D. Why bees are disappearing Passage 4｜人物故事·记叙文｜词数约 246｜建议用时 6 分钟 The Girl Who Ran to School Every morning at half past six, people in a small mountain village can see a girl running along the road with a schoolbag on her back. She is Liu Fang, a 13-year-old student. Liu Fang's home is eight kilometres from her school. There is no school bus in the village, and her family cannot afford a bicycle. So she runs to school every day, in the hot summer and in the cold winter. The running takes her about an hour. "The first month was really hard," Liu Fang said. "My legs hurt every evening. But I didn't want to give up my studies." To save time, Liu Fang recites English words while running. "The morning air is fresh, and my memory works best at that time," she said with a smile. Her English teacher was deeply moved when she learned about this. Now the teacher often gives her extra help after class, and Liu Fang's English is among the best in her class. Last year, a reporter wrote about Liu Fang's story. Many kind people sent books and sports shoes to her school. Liu Fang gave most of them to her classmates. "We should all run towards our dreams," she said. 1. How does Liu Fang go to school every day? A. By school bus B. By bike C. On foot D. By car 2. How long does it take Liu Fang to run to school? A. Half an hour B. About an hour C. Two hours D. Eight hours 3. Why does Liu Fang recite English words while running? A. To make running interesting B. To save time and use her best memory time C. To win an English competition D. To make her teacher happy 4. What can we learn from Liu Fang? A. Running is the best sport B. We should give up when life is hard C. Difficulties cannot stop a person with a dream D. Reporters can change everything Passage 5｜健康饮食·说明文｜词数约 232｜建议用时 6 分钟 Breakfast Matters Some students run out of home without breakfast every morning. "I'm not hungry," or "I want to sleep ten more minutes," they say. But doctors tell us that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After a whole night without food, our body needs energy in the morning. If we don't eat breakfast, our blood sugar will be low. Then it is hard for us to listen carefully in class. Some students may even feel sick or have a headache before noon. A good breakfast does not need to be big or expensive. Doctors suggest that a healthy breakfast should have three things: some grains, like bread or porridge, to give us energy; some protein, like eggs or milk, to help us grow; and some fruit or vegetables, like an apple or a tomato, to give us vitamins. A breakfast with all three can keep us active until lunchtime. So from tomorrow on, get up ten minutes earlier and sit down for breakfast. Your body and your grades will both thank you. 1. Why do some students skip breakfast according to the passage? A. They have no money B. They are not hungry or want more sleep C. Their parents don't cook D. They want to lose weight 2. What may happen if students don't eat breakfast? A. They will listen more carefully B. Their blood sugar will be low C. They will grow faster D. They will feel excited 3. According to doctors, a healthy breakfast should include ______. A. grains, protein and fruit or vegetables B. only milk and eggs C. fast food and juice D. meat and rice only 4. What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage? A. To sell breakfast food B. To tell students to eat breakfast every day C. To introduce doctors' work D. To teach students how to cook Passage 6｜兴趣爱好·记叙文｜词数约 225｜建议用时 6 分钟 Grandpa's Garden on the Balcony Wang Qiang's grandpa moved to the city to live with the family last year. At first, grandpa was unhappy. He missed his big vegetable garden in the countryside. Seeing this, Wang Qiang had an idea. He bought some large boxes, filled them with soil, and put them on the balcony. "Grandpa, here is your new garden!" he said. Grandpa's face lit up. The next morning, he began to plant tomatoes, peppers and green onions in the boxes. Every day after school, Wang Qiang watered the plants with grandpa. Grandpa taught him how to tell if a tomato is ready to pick: "It must be red all over, and a little soft." Little by little, the small balcony turned green. Neighbours often stopped to look at it and asked for grandpa's advice. Last week, the family had a dinner with tomatoes and peppers from the balcony. "Nothing tastes better than vegetables you grow yourself," grandpa said proudly. Wang Qiang smiled. He was happy that grandpa had found his "countryside" in the city. 1. Why was grandpa unhappy at first? A. He didn't like Wang Qiang B. He missed his garden in the countryside C. He couldn't grow vegetables D. The city was too noisy 2. What did Wang Qiang do to help grandpa? A. He bought a house in the countryside B. He made a small garden on the balcony C. He took grandpa back to the village D. He cooked dinner for grandpa 3. How can we tell if a tomato is ready to pick? A. It is green and hard B. It is big and round C. It is red all over and a little soft D. It smells sweet 4. What does the story mainly tell us? A. City life is better than country life B. Love and care can help family members feel at home C. Growing vegetables is easy D. Old people should live alone Passage 7｜科普常识·说明文｜词数约 238｜建议用时 6 分钟 Why Is the Sea Salty? If you have ever swum in the sea, you know that sea water tastes salty. But rain water and river water are fresh. Where does the salt in the sea come from? Part of the salt comes from the land. When rain falls on rocks, it slowly wears them down and picks up tiny amounts of salt and other minerals. Rivers then carry this salt to the sea. The other part comes from the sea floor itself, where hot springs under the sea give out minerals. You may ask: rivers carry salt to the sea every day, so why isn't the sea getting saltier and saltier? In fact, it is — but very, very slowly. At the same time, some salt leaves the sea. When sea water turns into vapour and rises into the air, the salt stays behind; but winds can blow tiny drops of salty water onto the land, and some salt goes deep into the sea floor. So the sea keeps a balance. Not all seas are equally salty, though. The Red Sea is one of the saltiest seas in the world because it is very hot and almost no rivers flow into it. 1. Sea water tastes salty mainly because of the salt from ______. A. the rain B. the land and the sea floor C. the wind D. the fish 2. The underlined phrase "wears them down" in Paragraph 2 means ______. A. 使岩石碎裂磨损 B. 把岩石搬走 C. 给岩石染色 D. 使岩石变多 3. Why isn't the sea getting saltier quickly? A. Rivers stop carrying salt B. Salt leaves the sea in different ways at the same time C. Fish eat the salt D. Rain washes the sea 4. Why is the Red Sea one of the saltiest seas? A. It has many rivers B. It is very hot and almost no rivers flow into it C. It is very deep D. It is near the land Passage 8｜友谊互助·记叙文｜词数约 243｜建议用时 6 分钟 The Relay Race It was the day of the school sports meeting. Chen Jie was running the last leg of the 4×100-metre relay race for Class 5. Everyone said Class 5 would win easily, because Chen Jie was the fastest runner in Grade 8. But when Chen Jie took the baton from his teammate, it fell to the ground! The crowd went quiet for a second. Chen Jie quickly picked it up and ran with all his strength. He passed one runner, then another. At the finish line, Class 5 came second — just one step behind Class 2. "It's all my fault," said Zhao Peng, the teammate who had passed the baton to Chen Jie. His eyes were red. "If I hadn't slowed down too early, the baton wouldn't have fallen." Chen Jie put his arm around Zhao Peng's shoulder. "We win together, and we lose together. That's what a team means. Besides, a silver medal is still a medal!" Hearing this, the whole class cheered. Their teacher took a photo of the team holding the silver medal. In the photo, everyone is smiling — Zhao Peng's smile is the biggest of all. 1. What happened when Chen Jie took the baton? A. He ran in the wrong direction B. The baton fell to the ground C. He hurt his leg D. He stopped running 2. Which place did Class 5 get in the race? A. First B. Second C. Third D. Last 3. Why did Zhao Peng say "It's all my fault"? A. Because he ran too slowly in his leg B. Because he slowed down too early and the baton fell C. Because he didn't take part in the race D. Because he lost his shoes 4. What can we learn from Chen Jie's words? A. Winning is the only thing that matters B. A good team shares both success and failure C. Silver medals are useless D. We should blame others for mistakes Passage 9｜环境保护·说明文｜词数约 236｜建议用时 6 分钟 Small Actions, Big Difference Every year, people around the world use about 500 billion plastic bags. Most of them are used for only 20 minutes, but they need hundreds of years to break down. Where do they go in the end? Many of them go into the sea. In the sea, plastic bags look like jellyfish, the favourite food of sea turtles. When turtles eat the bags, the plastic stays in their stomachs and makes them sick. Scientists say that if we do nothing, by 2050 there could be more plastic than fish in the sea. The good news is that everyone can help. In many cities in China, shops no longer give out free plastic bags. Students in some schools have started "green bag" projects: they make cloth bags from old T-shirts and give them to people in markets for free. One student said, "One bag may save one turtle. That's enough reason for me." Protecting the ocean sounds like a big job, but it starts with small actions — like saying "No, thanks" to a plastic bag. 1. How long do most plastic bags stay in use? A. 20 minutes B. One year C. Hundreds of years D. 500 years 2. Why do sea turtles eat plastic bags? A. Because the bags taste good B. Because the bags look like jellyfish, their favourite food C. Because there is no food in the sea D. Because the bags are soft 3. What do students in some schools do to help? A. They buy many plastic bags B. They make cloth bags from old T-shirts and give them away C. They catch sea turtles D. They close the shops 4. What is the writer's purpose? A. To ask people to stop eating fish B. To encourage people to take small actions to protect the ocean C. To introduce sea turtles D. To sell cloth bags Passage 10｜文化习俗·说明文｜词数约 230｜建议用时 6 分钟 Tea: A Cup of Chinese Culture Tea is the most popular drink in the world after water. Chinese people have drunk tea for thousands of years. But do you know how tea was discovered? An old story says that about 5,000 years ago, Emperor Shen Nong was boiling water under a tea tree. Some leaves fell into his pot. He tasted the water and found it fresh and nice. That was the first cup of tea. Of course, it is only a story, but it shows how long tea has been part of Chinese life. In China, tea is more than a drink. When guests come, the host always makes tea for them — this shows respect. In many families, young people serve tea to their grandparents to show love and thanks. At traditional weddings, the new couple serves tea to their parents, and the parents give them red envelopes in return. Today, milk tea shops are everywhere, and young people love them. Whether it is a cup of green tea made by grandpa or a cup of milk tea with friends, tea still brings people together, just as it did thousands of years ago. 1. According to the story, how was tea discovered? A. Shen Nong bought it in a market B. Some tea leaves fell into Shen Nong's boiling water C. A farmer grew it in the field D. A doctor made it as medicine 2. In China, making tea for guests shows ______. A. wealth B. respect C. interest D. thanks 3. The underlined words "in return" in Paragraph 3 mean ______. A. 作为回报 B. 退货 C. 轮流 D. 以后 4. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Milk tea is better than green tea B. Tea has been an important part of Chinese culture C. Shen Nong was the first emperor D. Young people don't like tea 第二部分　拔高篇（Passages 11–20） Passage 11｜科技与生活·议论文｜词数约 318｜建议用时 8 分钟 Should Students Use AI to Help with Homework? These days, many students use AI tools to help with their homework. With a phone in hand, a student can get the answer to almost any question in seconds. But is this a good thing? People have very different opinions. Supporters say AI is like a patient tutor. It never gets tired, and it can explain a difficult maths problem again and again until the student understands it. For students in small villages who cannot find good teachers, AI brings new hope. "It helps me check my writing and tells me where my mistakes are," said Li Ming, a Grade 9 student. "My English has improved a lot this term." However, some teachers are worried. "The purpose of homework is to train the brain, not to get the right answers," says Ms. Wang, a Chinese teacher with 20 years of experience. "If students copy answers from AI without thinking, they are lying to themselves. In the exam hall, there is no AI to help them." What worries teachers more is that AI sometimes makes mistakes. If students believe everything AI says, wrong ideas may stay in their heads. Perhaps the question is not whether to use AI, but how to use it. Experts suggest three rules for students: first, always finish your own thinking before asking AI; second, use AI to check and explain, not to replace your work; third, remember to question the answers AI gives. In this way, AI becomes a good teacher rather than a shortcut to laziness. As one student put it, "AI is like a calculator. It helps you count faster, but you still need to know what numbers to put in." 1. Why do supporters think AI is helpful to students? A. It does all the homework for them B. It is like a patient tutor that explains repeatedly C. It helps them play games better D. It makes exams easier 2. What worries teachers most according to Ms. Wang's idea and Paragraph 3? A. AI tools are too expensive B. Students may copy without thinking and believe wrong answers C. AI will take teachers' jobs D. Students will use phones in class 3. What does the underlined word "shortcut" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. 捷径 B. 短信 C. 缺点 D. 键盘 4. Which of the following would the experts probably agree with? A. Never use AI for study B. Think on your own first and question AI's answers C. Use AI to write all essays D. Believe whatever AI says 5. What can we infer from the student's words at the end? A. Calculators should be banned B. AI is useless for study C. AI helps only if we use our own minds first D. Maths is the most important subject Passage 12｜成长思辨·记叙文｜词数约 332｜建议用时 8 分钟 The Empty Seat in the Piano Competition When the judge called her name for the second time, thirteen-year-old Su Tong was standing outside the concert hall, holding her rival's music book. The city piano competition was the most important event of Su Tong's year. She had practised the same piece for eight months. That morning, she arrived early and saw a girl crying in the hallway. It was Han Xue, the player just before her, and also her strongest rival. "My music book is gone," Han Xue sobbed. "I left it on the bus. I can't play without it — my memory always fails me when I'm nervous." Su Tong knew this piece too — they had chosen the same one by accident. Without a second thought, she lent Han Xue her own book. "The judges have copies. I'll manage," Su Tong said, though her own memory was not much better. But as the competition went on, Su Tong discovered that the judges' copies were all being used by other players. When her turn was coming, Su Tong made a decision. She ran to the nearest music shop, bought a new book with her pocket money, and ran all the way back — which was why she was outside when her name was called. "I'm sorry, I'm here!" she gasped. The judges agreed to let her play last. Sitting at the piano, Su Tong's hands were still shaking from running, but strangely, her heart was calm. She played better than ever. In the end, Han Xue won first prize and Su Tong came second. At the award ceremony, Han Xue held Su Tong's hand and said to the reporters, "The real champion taught me that music is bigger than a medal." The two girls have been best friends ever since, and they often play four-hand pieces together — with one shared music book between them. 1. Why was Su Tong outside the hall when her name was called? A. She was too nervous to enter B. She went to buy a music book C. She lost her way D. She was looking for her rival 2. What does the underlined word "rival" in Paragraph 2 mean? A. 队友 B. 对手 C. 评委 D. 朋友 3. Why did Su Tong lend her music book to Han Xue? A. She didn't need it at all B. She thought the judges' copies would be enough for her C. She wanted to give up the competition D. The judges asked her to do so 4. What can we infer from "strangely, her heart was calm"? A. She didn't care about the result B. Doing the right thing gave her peace of mind C. She knew she would win D. She was too tired to be nervous 5. What is the best title of the passage? A. How to Win a Piano Competition B. The Empty Seat in the Piano Competition C. Two Girls and a Music Shop D. The Importance of Practice Passage 13｜中外文化·说明文｜词数约 326｜建议用时 8 分钟 Why Do the British Talk About the Weather So Much? If you spend a day in the UK, you will probably hear people talking about the weather many times. "Lovely day, isn't it?" "Rain again!" Strangers at bus stops, shopkeepers and customers, even neighbours who have known each other for years all begin their conversations in the same way. Why are the British so interested in the weather? One reason is simple: British weather really is changeable. In one day, you may see sunshine, wind, rain and clouds, sometimes all within a single hour. People never know what to wear, so the weather is always worth talking about. But there is a deeper reason. Talking about the weather is a safe way to start a conversation. The British are famous for being polite and a little shy with strangers. Talking about personal things like age, money or family may make people uncomfortable. The weather, however, belongs to everyone and offends no one. There is also an unwritten rule in weather talk: you must agree. If someone says "It's cold today," the proper answer is "Yes, freezing!" even if you don't feel cold at all. The purpose of weather talk is not to exchange information but to show friendliness. Disagreeing about the weather is considered almost rude. Interestingly, weather talk is changing. Young British people now often check weather apps on their phones instead of guessing from the sky, and some researchers worry that climate change, with its serious storms and heatwaves, is making the weather less of a light topic. Still, as long as there are bus stops and queues in Britain, the weather will remain the nation's favourite small talk. 1. British people like talking about the weather partly because ______. A. the weather there is always fine B. the weather changes a lot C. they have nothing else to do D. they are weather scientists 2. Why is the weather a "safe" topic in the UK? A. It never changes B. Everyone knows a lot about it C. It is impersonal and offends no one D. It helps people make money 3. What is the "unwritten rule" in British weather talk? A. You must tell the truth B. You must agree with the other person C. You must talk for an hour D. You must check the weather app first 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Weather talk will disappear very soon B. Climate change may make weather a heavier topic C. Young people never talk about weather D. Bus stops will be removed in Britain 5. What is the passage mainly about? A. How to predict the weather in the UK B. The reasons and rules of British weather talk C. The history of British weather D. Climate change in the UK Passage 14｜科普探索·说明文｜词数约 341｜建议用时 8 分钟 The Secret Life of Sleep We spend about a third of our lives sleeping, yet for a long time, sleep was one of the greatest mysteries of science. Why do we sleep? What happens in our brains while our bodies rest? Thanks to modern research, scientists are beginning to find answers — and many of them matter a lot to students. First, sleep is when the brain does its cleaning. During the day, our brain cells work hard and produce waste. At night, the spaces between brain cells grow larger, allowing a special liquid to wash the waste away. Without this nightly cleaning, waste builds up and makes it harder to think clearly the next day. Second, sleep helps us remember. When we learn something new, the information is first kept in a short-term "box" in the brain. During deep sleep, the brain replays the day's experiences and moves important information into long-term memory. This is why students who sleep well after studying often do better in tests than those who stay up all night. An all-nighter may give you a few more hours with your books, but it takes away the very process that turns those hours into real learning. Third, sleep affects our feelings. People who don't get enough sleep are more likely to feel worried or angry. One study found that teenagers who slept less than seven hours a night were much easier to be upset by small things. So how much sleep do teenagers need? Experts say eight to ten hours. It may sound like a lot when there is so much homework to do, but remember: sleeping is not a waste of time. It is the time when your brain turns today's effort into tomorrow's ability. 1. What happens in the brain during sleep according to Paragraph 2? A. Brain cells stop growing B. Waste is washed away from the brain C. The brain produces more waste D. Brain cells become smaller 2. Why do students who sleep well after studying do better in tests? A. They have more time to study B. Deep sleep moves new information into long-term memory C. They are cleverer than others D. Tests are easier for them 3. What does the underlined word "all-nighter" in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. A night with good sleep B. Staying up all night C. A test at night D. A long dream 4. What can we infer from the study mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. Teenagers need less sleep than adults B. Lack of sleep can make teenagers easier to get upset C. Sleep has nothing to do with feelings D. Small things never upset teenagers 5. What is the writer's attitude towards enough sleep for students? A. Doubtful B. Supportive C. Uncaring D. Worried Passage 15｜人物励志·夹叙夹议｜词数约 335｜建议用时 8 分钟 The Runner Who Finished Last In 1968, the Olympic marathon in Mexico City ended hours after the winner crossed the finish line. Most of the crowd had gone home, and the medals had already been given out. Then, as darkness fell, a lone runner entered the stadium. His right knee was bandaged and bleeding; he was limping badly. This was John Stephen Akhwari from Tanzania. Akhwari had fallen during the race after a collision with other runners. His knee was badly hurt, and doctors advised him to stop. But he refused. "My country did not send me 5,000 miles to start the race," he later told a reporter. "They sent me 5,000 miles to finish it." Step by painful step, he completed the last kilometres of the marathon. The few people still in the stadium stood up and clapped as he crossed the line — more than an hour after the winner. Akhwari finished 57th out of 75 runners. He won no medal, set no record, and many people soon forgot his name. Yet his answer to the reporter travelled around the world and is still remembered today. Sports writers call it one of the greatest sentences in Olympic history. Why does this story still move us after more than fifty years? Perhaps because it answers a question we all face: what is the point of going on when we know we cannot win? Akhwari's answer is simple — the race you promised to finish is your own. Not every goal in life ends with a medal. Sometimes the goal is the finishing itself: the homework you complete though no one checks it, the promise you keep though no one remembers it. Today, a street in his hometown carries his name. It does not say "Akhwari the champion". It simply says "Akhwari" — and that is enough. 1. What happened to Akhwari during the race? A. He got lost B. He fell and hurt his knee badly C. He was disqualified D. He ran in the wrong direction 2. Why did Akhwari refuse to stop running? A. He wanted to win a medal B. He believed his duty was to finish the race C. He didn't understand the doctors D. He wanted to set a record 3. Which of the following is TRUE about Akhwari's finish? A. He won a gold medal B. He set an Olympic record C. He finished over an hour after the winner D. Nobody watched him finish 4. What question does the writer think this story answers? A. How to win a marathon B. What is the point of going on when we cannot win C. How to become famous D. Why the Olympics are important 5. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Winning is everything in sports B. Finishing what you promised matters more than medals C. Marathons are too dangerous D. We should forget the losers Passage 16｜学习方法·说明文｜词数约 322｜建议用时 8 分钟 The Testing Effect: Why Quizzes Help You Learn When exams come, most students open their books and read their notes again and again. It feels like the safest way to review. But scientists who study memory have surprising advice: close the book and test yourself instead. In one famous experiment, researchers divided students into two groups. Both groups studied the same article. Then the first group read the article four more times, while the second group closed the article and tried to write down everything they could remember — a kind of self-test. A week later, both groups took a test. To many people's surprise, the self-test group remembered about 50% more than the re-reading group, even though they had spent less time with the article. Why does testing work better than re-reading? Scientists explain it this way: every time you pull a piece of information out of your memory, that memory becomes stronger, like a path in a forest that becomes clearer the more you walk on it. Re-reading, on the other hand, only puts information in front of your eyes. It creates a comfortable feeling of "I know this", but the feeling is often an illusion — the information never really enters your memory. Does this mean you should never re-read? Not exactly. Reading is necessary for the first understanding. But after that, the most useful review is active recall: close the book, ask yourself questions, write down key points from memory, and then check what you missed. Flashcards, self-made quizzes and explaining a lesson to a classmate are all forms of active recall. So the next time you prepare for an exam, remember: a page that tests you teaches you more than a page you simply read. 1. In the experiment, what did the second group do after studying the article? A. They read it four more times B. They closed it and wrote down what they remembered C. They discussed it with classmates D. They slept for a week 2. What was the result of the experiment? A. The re-reading group did better B. The two groups did equally well C. The self-test group remembered about 50% more D. The self-test group spent more time 3. The writer compares memory to a forest path to show that ______. A. memory is easy to lose B. recalling information makes the memory stronger C. forests are good for memory D. reading is like walking 4. What does the underlined word "illusion" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. 错觉 B. 礼物 C. 方法 D. 进步 5. Which of the following is a form of active recall according to the passage? A. Reading notes silently five times B. Explaining a lesson to a classmate C. Copying the textbook D. Listening to music while reading Passage 17｜社会温情·记叙文｜词数约 338｜建议用时 8 分钟 The Umbrella Wall At the east gate of Sunshine Community, there is a wall covered with umbrellas. Red ones, blue ones, big ones, small ones — on rainy days, anyone can take one for free; on sunny days, people bring them back, often with one or two extra. The wall started three years ago with a single broken umbrella. Aunt Zhao, who runs the breakfast shop by the gate, saw a schoolboy standing under her roof one stormy morning, watching the rain and crying because he would be late for an exam. She gave him her own umbrella. "Bring it back when you can," she said. The boy returned it the next day with a thank-you note and a second umbrella. "My grandma says a borrowed umbrella should come home with a friend," the note read. Aunt Zhao hung the two umbrellas on the wall outside her shop with a sign: "Take one if you need it." Neighbours smiled at first. Then someone added a third umbrella. A retired teacher painted the wall with rainbows. A repairman offered to fix broken umbrellas for free, so even damaged ones joined the wall. By the end of the first year, there were over forty umbrellas, and the wall had become the community's warmest landmark. Not every story was perfect. One winter, several umbrellas disappeared during a week of heavy snow, and someone suggested locking the wall. Aunt Zhao refused. "If we lock it," she said, "we will have umbrellas, but we will no longer have the wall." She added a smaller sign instead: "Come back when the sun does." Gradually, the umbrellas returned — more than had been taken. Reporters have asked Aunt Zhao many times why the wall works. She always gives the same answer: "An umbrella keeps off the rain. Trust keeps off something colder." 1. How did the umbrella wall start? A. A school donated umbrellas B. Aunt Zhao lent her umbrella to a boy and umbrellas grew from there C. The government built it D. A repairman collected broken umbrellas 2. What did the boy's thank-you note mean by "come home with a friend"? A. The umbrella should be returned with another one B. The boy wanted a new friend C. Grandma needed an umbrella D. The umbrella missed its home 3. Why did Aunt Zhao refuse to lock the wall? A. She lost the key B. Locking it would destroy the trust the wall stands for C. Umbrellas are cheap D. The neighbours asked her not to 4. What does Aunt Zhao mean by "Trust keeps off something colder"? A. Trust makes people feel warm inside B. Trust can stop the cold wind C. Umbrellas are useless in winter D. People should buy thicker coats 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to Fix an Umbrella B. The Umbrella Wall C. A Stormy Morning D. Aunt Zhao's Breakfast Shop Passage 18｜自然奥秘·说明文｜词数约 330｜建议用时 8 分钟 Why Do Leaves Change Colour in Autumn? Every autumn, mountains and parks put on a show of red, yellow and orange. Tourists travel hundreds of kilometres to see it. But behind the beauty lies a quiet story of how trees prepare for winter. For most of the year, leaves are green because they are full of chlorophyll, the chemical that catches sunlight and turns it into food for the tree. Trees need chlorophyll so much that they keep making it all summer, covering the other colours that are actually in the leaves all along. When autumn comes, days grow shorter and nights grow colder. Trees can sense this change. They begin to close the "doors" between the leaf and the branch — a thin layer of cells grows where the leaf joins the branch, slowly cutting off the water supply to the leaf. Without water, the leaf stops making chlorophyll. As the green colour fades, the hidden colours finally get their chance: the yellows and oranges were there all summer, quietly waiting; the reds, however, are brand new — they are made from sugar trapped in the leaf on sunny autumn days. That is why a bright, sunny autumn gives us redder leaves than a rainy one. In the end, the "door" closes completely, the leaf dries, and a wind sets it free. Far from being a sad ending, this is the tree's clever plan: by dropping its leaves, the tree stops losing water through them and saves its energy to survive the winter. So the next time a red leaf lands on your shoulder, remember — you are holding not a death, but a clever goodbye. 1. Why are leaves green for most of the year? A. They contain a lot of water B. They are full of chlorophyll which covers other colours C. They get too much sunlight D. They have no other colours 2. What makes leaves stop producing chlorophyll in autumn? A. Strong winds B. Too much rain C. The water supply to the leaf is cut off D. Tourists pick the leaves 3. Why are leaves redder after sunny autumn days? A. Sunlight burns the leaves B. Reds are made from sugar trapped in the leaf on sunny days C. Sunny days make chlorophyll red D. Rain washes the red away 4. What can we infer about why trees drop their leaves? A. Leaves become too heavy B. It helps trees save water and energy to survive winter C. Trees want to look beautiful D. Old leaves dislike winter 5. What feeling does the writer want to leave readers at the end? A. Sadness about death B. Fear of winter C. A warm respect for nature's wisdom D. Interest in picking leaves Passage 19｜成长反思·夹叙夹议｜词数约 344｜建议用时 8 分钟 The Jar of Marbles On the first day of Grade 7, our new head teacher Mr. Guo brought a big glass jar and a bag of marbles to class. He put the jar on the windowsill and said nothing about it. For days, we guessed wildly: was it for a science experiment? A game? The answer came at the first class meeting. "Every time anyone in this class does something kind or brave," Mr. Guo said, dropping a marble into the jar, "one marble goes in. It doesn't matter if it's big or small — helping a classmate with maths, picking up rubbish nobody asked you to pick up, admitting a mistake. When the jar is full, we will celebrate together." "What will we get?" someone asked. "That's the interesting part," Mr. Guo smiled. "I don't know yet. We'll decide when the jar is full." At first, we did good deeds loudly, making sure someone noticed. "I just helped Wang Lei carry his bag! Put in a marble!" But Mr. Guo had another rule: only others could report your good deeds, never yourself. Slowly, something changed. We began watching each other — not to catch mistakes, as classes often do, but to catch goodness. "I saw Lin Tao stay behind to clean the blackboard yesterday," someone would say, and the marble would fall with a clear, happy sound. By winter, the jar was half full, and our class had changed without our noticing. Fights became rare; lost things found their way home. The jar was not magic, of course. It simply taught us to look for the best in each other — and when you look for the best in people, you often bring it out. On the day the last marble dropped in, we voted for our celebration: a picnic by the river, with Mr. Guo as our guest of honour. The empty jar now stands by the door. This year, it is filling again — this time with marbles we put in for ourselves, for the things no one saw. 1. When would Mr. Guo put a marble into the jar? A. When someone got a high score B. When anyone in class did something kind or brave C. When the class won a competition D. When a new student arrived 2. What was Mr. Guo's other rule about reporting good deeds? A. You must report your own deeds B. Only others could report your good deeds C. Good deeds must be kept secret D. Only teachers could report 3. What change happened to the class by winter? A. Students studied harder for exams B. Fights became rare and lost things were returned C. The jar became full D. Students stopped doing good deeds 4. What does "catch goodness" mean in Paragraph 3? A. 抓住别人的把柄 B. 发现并指出别人的善行 C. 得到奖品 D. 抓住弹珠 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A glass jar can work magic B. Looking for the best in people brings out the best C. Teachers should give prizes D. Good deeds must be reported Passage 20｜跨文化交际·说明文｜词数约 336｜建议用时 8 分钟 Same Word, Different Worlds: Colour Words Across Cultures When Chinese students learn English, they often meet sentences that seem to make no sense: "He is feeling blue today." Blue? Isn't that a colour? In fact, colour words carry different feelings in different cultures, and understanding them is a small but real step in cross-cultural communication. Take blue first. In English, blue often stands for sadness: "feeling blue" means feeling sad, and "the blues" is a kind of slow, sad music. Yet blue also suggests peace and trust — that is why many banks and airlines choose blue for their logos. In Chinese, 蓝色 has no strong connection with sadness at all; instead, it usually makes people think of the sky and the sea. Red tells a different story. In China, red is the colour of joy: red envelopes at the Spring Festival, red lanterns at weddings. But in English, red is often connected with danger or anger: a red flag warns of danger, and "to see red" means to become very angry. A British person seeing the Chinese stock market might be very confused — in China, red means prices are going up, while in Western markets, red means they are falling! White offers perhaps the sharpest contrast. At Western weddings, the bride wears white, a symbol of purity and new beginnings. In traditional Chinese culture, however, white was long connected with funerals and sadness, though today many Chinese brides happily wear white wedding dresses, showing how cultures borrow from each other. None of these differences means one culture is "right" and another "wrong". They simply grew from different histories. The real lesson for language learners is this: a word is never just a word. Behind it stands a whole way of seeing the world — and learning a language means learning to see through another culture's eyes. 1. What does "He is feeling blue today" mean? A. He likes the colour blue B. He is feeling sad C. He is wearing blue clothes D. He feels peaceful 2. In China, what does red usually stand for? A. Danger B. Anger C. Joy D. Purity 3. Why might a British person be confused by the Chinese stock market? A. The prices change too fast B. Red means rising prices in China but falling prices in Western markets C. There are no colours in Western markets D. The market uses too much blue 4. What does the example of Chinese brides in white show? A. White is unlucky for everyone B. Cultures can borrow from and influence each other C. Chinese weddings are Western now D. White is only for funerals 5. What is the real lesson for language learners according to the passage? A. Memorise more colour words B. A word carries a culture's way of seeing the world C. English is harder than Chinese D. Avoid using colour words 第三部分　答案与解析 Passage 1 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. C　3. B　4. A 1. B　细节理解题。定位第一段末句“He is afraid that his classmates may laugh at him”，与 B 项“害怕被嘲笑”同义。陷阱：A 项与原文“He is good at drawing”相反，是典型反义干扰。 2. C　细节理解题。第三段末句“he saw his deskmate Wang Lin putting a third note on his desk”直接点明是同桌王林。 3. B　词义猜测题。结合上下文：王林写纸条鼓励李华展示才华，push 在此是比喻义“鼓励、推动”，与 encouragement 对应。陷阱：A 项按字面意思理解，脱离语境。 4. A　主旨大意题。全文围绕“课桌上的纸条”展开：纸条改变了一个不敢展示自己的男孩。B 项只是故事结尾的一部分，C、D 偏离主题。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 be good at 擅长…… 文中：He is good at drawing. 拓展：at 后接名词或动名词 doing laugh at 嘲笑 文中：afraid that his classmates may laugh at him. 拓展：反义 praise sb. for 因……表扬某人 find out 查明；弄清楚 文中：He decided to find out who wrote the notes. 拓展：find 强调“找到”的结果，find out 强调“查证” in surprise 惊讶地 文中：Li Hua said in surprise. 拓展：同类结构 in fear / in anger，介词用 in Passage 2 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. C　3. B　4. A 1. B　细节理解题。第一段“Her grandma lives alone in a small town”直接给出答案。 2. C　细节理解题。第二段“grandma was sitting in the yard, shelling beans”为原文定位句。shell beans 意为“剥豆”，不认识也不影响做题，凭语境可选。 3. B　推理判断题。末段“doesn't need expensive gifts… just needs us to be there”推出“陪伴比礼物更重要”。陷阱：A 项与原文正好相反。 4. A　细节理解题。末段“she has visited grandma once a month, and sometimes they have video chats”说明探望变多了。D 项错在 stop，与原文矛盾。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 used to do 过去常常做…… 文中：Zhang Mei used to visit her only during the Spring Festival. 拓展：辨析 be used to doing 习惯于做 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 文中：I'm here to keep you company. 拓展：company 此处不可数，不加 a light up （眼睛、脸）亮起来；露出喜色 文中：Grandma's eyes lit up at once. 拓展：还可表“点亮（灯）” put…into… 把……放进…… 文中：put the best pieces of fish into Zhang Mei's bowl. 注意：into 表方向，不可换成 on Passage 3 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. A　4. B 1. B　细节理解题。第一段末句“a bee's dance is a kind of language”直接点明。 2. B　细节理解题。第二段“If the flowers are far away, the bee dances in a figure of eight”。陷阱：A 项“圆舞”对应的是 flowers are near，张冠李戴。 3. A　词义猜测题。下句“while waggling its body”描述蜜蜂跳舞时身体的动作，结合“8字舞”的常识可推知是“摇摆”。语境猜词，无需认识该词。 4. B　主旨大意题。全文围绕蜜蜂用舞蹈传递食物位置信息展开，B 项概括最准。A 项只在开头一句提及，非主旨。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 in fact 事实上 文中：In fact, a bee's dance is a kind of language. 拓展：用于句首引出真相，同义 actually figure of eight 8 字形 文中：dances in a figure of eight. 拓展：figure 还有“数字；人物；身材”等义 both…and… ……和……都 文中：tells both the direction and the distance. 注意：连接两个并列成分 kilometre 千米；公里 文中：even kilometres away. 拓展：kilometres away 前常用具体数字或 even 强调 Passage 4 答案与解析 答案速查：1. C　2. B　3. B　4. C 1. C　细节理解题。第二段“no school bus… cannot afford a bicycle. So she runs to school”，跑着上学即步行，选 C。 2. B　细节理解题。第二段“The running takes her about an hour”。陷阱：A 项的 half an hour 来自她背课文的时间描述干扰，注意区分。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段“To save time, Liu Fang recites English words… my memory works best at that time”，两个原因都对应 B。 4. C　推理判断题。刘芳在艰苦条件下坚持求学并说“We should all run towards our dreams”，推出 C。B 项价值观错误，D 项夸大事实。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 afford 买得起；负担得起 文中：her family cannot afford a bicycle. 用法：常与 can / can't 连用，后接名词或 to do give up 放弃 文中：I didn't want to give up my studies. 拓展：give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 be deeply moved 被深深打动 文中：Her English teacher was deeply moved. 注意：被动语态，deeply 修饰 moved among the best 名列前茅 文中：her English is among the best in her class. 拓展：among 用于三者及以上之中 Passage 5 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. A　4. B 1. B　细节理解题。第一段引语“I'm not hungry”“I want to sleep ten more minutes”即学生不吃早餐的两个理由。 2. B　细节理解题。第二段“If we don't eat breakfast, our blood sugar will be low”。A 项与原文“hard to listen carefully”相反。 3. A　细节理解题。第三段“three things: some grains… some protein… some fruit or vegetables”完整对应 A 项。 4. B　写作意图题。结尾“get up ten minutes earlier and sit down for breakfast”点明作者目的：劝说学生每天吃早餐。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 the most important meal 最重要的一餐 文中：breakfast is the most important meal of the day. 注意：important 的最高级前加 most blood sugar 血糖 文中：our blood sugar will be low. 拓展：low 的反义词 high，be high/low in 表示“某含量高/低” suggest 建议 文中：Doctors suggest that a healthy breakfast should have three things. 用法：suggest (that)…/ suggest doing，不接 to do keep us active 使我们保持活跃 文中：can keep us active until lunchtime. 结构：keep + 宾语 + 形容词 Passage 6 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. C　4. B 1. B　细节理解题。第一段“He missed his big vegetable garden in the countryside”为直接原因。 2. B　细节理解题。第二段“bought some large boxes, filled them with soil, and put them on the balcony”即在阳台造了小花园。 3. C　细节理解题。第三段“It must be red all over, and a little soft”，两个条件缺一不可。陷阱：B 项 big and round 文中未提，是常识干扰。 4. B　主旨大意题。王强用心帮爷爷在城市找到归属感，“found his countryside in the city”点题：关爱让家人安心。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 move to 搬到…… 文中：grandpa moved to the city. 注意：to 后接地点，表方向 fill…with… 用……装满…… 文中：filled them with soil. 拓展：被动 be filled with = be full of little by little 渐渐地 文中：Little by little, the small balcony turned green. 拓展：同义 step by step ask for 请求；征求 文中：asked for grandpa's advice. 注意：advice 不可数，一条建议用 a piece of advice Passage 7 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. A　3. B　4. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“Part of the salt comes from the land… The other part comes from the sea floor itself”，两大来源概括即 B。 2. A　词义猜测题。雨水落在岩石上并“带走”盐分，可推知雨水先把岩石慢慢侵蚀磨损。wear down 本义“磨损”。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段“some salt leaves the sea… winds can blow… some salt goes deep into the sea floor”，盐同时在流失，保持平衡。 4. B　细节理解题。末段“because it is very hot and almost no rivers flow into it”。陷阱：A 项与原文“几乎没有河流”相反。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 come from 来自…… 文中：Where does the salt in the sea come from? 同义：be from pick up 带走；捡起；学会 文中：picks up tiny amounts of salt. 一词多义，注意结合语境判断 turn into 变成…… 文中：When sea water turns into vapour. 拓展：change into 同义 flow into 流入…… 文中：almost no rivers flow into it. flow 的过去式 flowed，注意与 fly—flew 区分 Passage 8 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. B　4. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“it fell to the ground”，it 指代 the baton（接力棒）。 2. B　细节理解题。第二段末“Class 5 came second — just one step behind Class 2”。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段“If I hadn't slowed down too early, the baton wouldn't have fallen”说明他自责的原因。 4. B　推理判断题。“We win together, and we lose together. That's what a team means”体现团队同甘共苦的精神。D 项价值观与原文相反。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 take…from… 从……接过/拿走…… 文中：took the baton from his teammate. 注意时态：take—took—taken pick up 捡起 文中：quickly picked it up. 代词 it 必须放在 pick 与 up 中间 with all one's strength 用尽全力 文中：ran with all his strength. 拓展：同义 try one's best put one's arm around 搂着；用胳膊搂着 文中：put his arm around Zhao Peng's shoulder. 表示安慰、亲近的动作 Passage 9 答案与解析 答案速查：1. A　2. B　3. B　4. B 1. A　细节理解题。第一段“Most of them are used for only 20 minutes”。陷阱：C 项是**分解所需时间**，与“使用时间”张冠李戴，是典型时间混淆干扰。 2. B　细节理解题。第二段“plastic bags look like jellyfish, the favourite food of sea turtles”。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段“make cloth bags from old T-shirts and give them to people in markets for free”，give away 即免费赠送。 4. B　写作意图题。末段“it starts with small actions”点明主旨：从小行动做起保护海洋。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 break down 分解；出故障 文中：they need hundreds of years to break down. 一词多义：车 break down 是“抛锚” in the end 最后；最终 文中：Where do they go in the end? 辨析：at the end of… 后接名词 give out 分发；免费发放 文中：shops no longer give out free plastic bags. 拓展：还有“耗尽”之义 no longer 不再 文中：no longer give out free plastic bags. 位置：实义动词前、be 动词后 Passage 10 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. A　4. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“Some leaves fell into his pot. He tasted the water and found it fresh and nice”。 2. B　细节理解题。第三段“the host always makes tea for them — this shows respect”。 3. A　词义猜测题。新人给父母敬茶，父母给红包“作为回报/回礼”，in return 意为“作为交换、回报”。 4. B　主旨大意题。全文从发现、礼俗到今天的奶茶，说明茶一直是中国文化的重要组成部分，末句“tea still brings people together”点题。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 thousands of 数千的；成千上万的 文中：for thousands of years. 注意：表示概数时 thousand 后加 s 且接 of more than 不仅仅是；超过 文中：tea is more than a drink. 一词多义：more than 10 years 表“超过十年” serve…to… 把……端给/招待…… 文中：young people serve tea to their grandparents. serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. in return 作为回报 文中：the parents give them red envelopes in return. 拓展：in return for… 作为对……的回报 Passage 11 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. A　4. B　5. C 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“AI is like a patient tutor… explain… again and again until the student understands”，对应 B 的 repeatedly explains。 2. B　细节理解题。第三段提出两层担忧：不思考照抄以及“What worries teachers more is that AI sometimes makes mistakes… wrong ideas may stay”，B 概括完整。 3. A　词义猜测题。前文说要用自己的思考在先，AI 应成为好老师“rather than a shortcut to laziness”（通往懒惰的捷径）。由 rather than 的对比关系可推出词义。 4. B　推理判断题。由第四段三条规则“先自己思考、用 AI 检查解释、质疑 AI 答案”可推出 B。A 项过于绝对，与“how to use it”的态度不符。 5. C　推理判断题。把 AI 比作计算器——“算得更快，但你得先知道输入什么数字”，寓意工具再好也要以独立思考为前提，即 C。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 be worried 感到担忧 文中：some teachers are worried. 同义：be concerned about replace 取代 文中：not to replace your work. 用法：replace A with B 用 B 取代 A rather than 而不是 文中：a good teacher rather than a shortcut to laziness. 连接并列成分，表取舍 as one put it 正如某人所说 文中：As one student put it. 拓展：put it 此处意为“表述、说” Passage 12 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. B　4. B　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第三段末“ran to the nearest music shop, bought a new book… which was why she was outside when her name was called”。 2. B　词义猜测题。由“her strongest rival”及两人弹同一首曲子参赛可知，韩雪是她最强的竞争对手。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段“‘The judges have copies. I'll manage,’… though her own memory was not much better”说明她当时以为可以借评委的谱子应对。陷阱：A 项忽略了 though 引出的真实情况。 4. B　推理判断题。帮助对手之后内心反而平静，可推出问心无愧带来心安，与结尾“music is bigger than a medal”呼应。 5. B　主旨大意题。“钢琴比赛中的空位”既概括了开篇悬念（她被点名时不在场），又引出她舍己助人的主体故事，最具统摄力。A、D 偏离主题，C 只是局部细节。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 without a second thought 不假思索地 文中：she lent Han Xue her own book without a second thought. 用于褒扬果断的善意 manage 设法应付 文中：I'll manage. 熟词生义：不是“管理”，而是“应付过去”，manage to do 设法做成 by accident 偶然地 文中：they had chosen the same one by accident. 反义：on purpose 故意地 ever since 从那时起一直 文中：have been best friends ever since. 与现在完成时连用 Passage 13 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. C　3. B　4. B　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“British weather really is changeable… sometimes all within a single hour”，变化无常是原因之一。 2. C　细节理解题。第二段末“The weather, however, belongs to everyone and offends no one”，与 C 的 impersonal（不涉及私人）对应。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段“you must agree… The purpose… is not to exchange information but to show friendliness”。陷阱：A 项看似合理，实则与文中 even if you don't feel cold 矛盾。 4. B　推理判断题。“climate change… is making the weather less of a light topic”可推出天气话题可能变得更沉重，B 正确；A 项与末句“will remain”矛盾。 5. B　主旨大意题。全文围绕英国人爱谈天气的原因（多变、安全）与潜规则（必须附和）展开，B 概括最全面。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 be famous for 以……闻名 文中：famous for being polite. 辨析：be famous as 以……身份闻名 belong to 属于 文中：The weather belongs to everyone. 注意：无被动、无进行时 instead of 代替；而不是 文中：check weather apps… instead of guessing. 后接名词或 doing as long as 只要 文中：as long as there are bus stops and queues. 引导条件状语从句 Passage 14 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. B　4. B　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“allowing a special liquid to wash the waste away”，睡眠时大脑进行“清洁”。 2. B　细节理解题。第三段“During deep sleep, the brain… moves important information into long-term memory”，对应 B。 3. B　词义猜测题。由上文“those who stay up all night”和下文“give you a few more hours with your books”可知 all-nighter 指通宵不睡。 4. B　推理判断题。研究：每晚睡不足 7 小时的青少年“much easier to be upset by small things”，推出缺觉更易烦躁。 5. B　观点态度题。末段“sleeping is not a waste of time… turns today's effort into tomorrow's ability”明确支持充足睡眠。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 thanks to 多亏；由于 文中：Thanks to modern research. 注意：多含褒义；表中性原因用 because of build up 逐渐积累 文中：waste builds up. 拓展：build up one's body 增强体质 stay up 熬夜 文中：those who stay up all night. 拓展：stay up late 熬到很晚 be likely to do 很可能做某事 文中：more likely to feel worried or angry. 主语可以是人或物 Passage 15 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. C　4. B　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“had fallen during the race… His knee was badly hurt”。 2. B　推理判断题。由“My country did not send me 5,000 miles to start the race… to finish it”可推知他认为使命在于跑完全程，而非名次。 3. C　细节理解题。第二段末“more than an hour after the winner”。陷阱：A、B 与第三段“won no medal, set no record”相反；D 与“stood up and clapped”相反。 4. B　细节理解题。第四段“it answers a question we all face: what is the point of going on when we know we cannot win?”。 5. B　主旨大意题。第四段“the goal is the finishing itself”点明主旨：兑现承诺、坚持到底比奖牌更重要。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 give out 分发；颁发 文中：the medals had already been given out. 注意此处为过去完成被动语态 advise sb. to do 建议某人做某事 文中：doctors advised him to stop. 拓展：advise doing，但 advise sb. to do stand up and clap 起立鼓掌 文中：stood up and clapped as he crossed the line. clap—clapped，注意双写 p the point of doing 做……的意义 文中：what is the point of going on. 句型：There is no point in doing 做……没有意义 Passage 16 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. C　3. B　4. A　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“the second group closed the article and tried to write down everything they could remember”。 2. C　细节理解题。第二段末“the self-test group remembered about 50% more… even though they had spent less time”。陷阱：D 项与原文 less time 相反。 3. B　推理判断题。比喻“越常走的路越清晰”说明主动提取信息能强化记忆，B 正确。 4. A　词义猜测题。由破折号后“the information never really enters your memory”可知“我知道这个”的舒适感其实是一种错觉。 5. B　细节理解题。第四段“Flashcards, self-made quizzes and explaining a lesson to a classmate are all forms of active recall”。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 divide…into… 把……分成…… 文中：divided students into two groups. 被动：be divided into even though 即使；尽管 文中：even though they had spent less time. 引导让步状语从句，不与 but 连用 on the other hand 另一方面 文中：Re-reading, on the other hand, only puts… 用于对比，常与 on the one hand 呼应 active recall 主动回忆 文中：the most useful review is active recall. recall = re-（再）+ call（唤起） Passage 17 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. A　3. B　4. A　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段：赵阿姨借伞给男孩→男孩还伞时多带一把→挂墙供人取用，墙的由来即 B。 2. A　推理判断题。由“returned it the next day… and a second umbrella”可知“带个朋友回家”指还伞时多添一把。 3. B　推理判断题。由“If we lock it, we will have umbrellas, but we will no longer have the wall”可知，她守护的是墙所代表的信任而非伞本身。 4. A　推理判断题。伞挡雨，信任挡“更冷的东西”——即人与人之间的冷漠，意为信任温暖人心。 5. B　主旨大意题。全文围绕“伞墙”的诞生、波折与意义展开，B 最具统摄力；C、D 只是局部。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 for free 免费地 文中：anyone can take one for free. 同义：free of charge thank-you note 感谢便条 文中：with a thank-you note. 复合名词作定语，thank-you 用连字符 offer to do 主动提出做某事 文中：offered to fix broken umbrellas for free. offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. keep off 挡住；使不接近 文中：An umbrella keeps off the rain. 拓展：keep off the grass 勿踩草坪 Passage 18 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. C　3. B　4. B　5. C 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“full of chlorophyll… covering the other colours”，绿色遮盖了本就存在的其他颜色。陷阱：D 项与“the other colours that are actually in the leaves all along”相反。 2. C　细节理解题。第三段“cutting off the water supply to the leaf. Without water, the leaf stops making chlorophyll”。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段末“the reds… are made from sugar trapped in the leaf on sunny autumn days”。 4. B　推理判断题。第四段“by dropping its leaves, the tree stops losing water… saves its energy to survive the winter”，可推出落叶是保水节能的生存策略。 5. C　观点态度题。结尾“not a death, but a clever goodbye”把落叶写成智慧的告别，传递对自然智慧的敬意与温情。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 all along 一直；始终 文中：colours that are actually in the leaves all along. 拓展：同义 all the time cut off 切断 文中：cutting off the water supply. 拓展：cut off the electricity 断电 be made from 由……制成（看不出原料） 文中：reds are made from sugar. 辨析：be made of 看得出原料 far from 远非；完全不 文中：Far from being a sad ending. 用法：far from + n./doing，表否定判断 Passage 19 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. B　3. B　4. B　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“Every time anyone in this class does something kind or brave… one marble goes in”，明确与学习分数无关。陷阱：A 项是典型经验干扰。 2. B　细节理解题。第三段“only others could report your good deeds, never yourself”。 3. B　细节理解题。第四段“Fights became rare; lost things found their way home”。C 项时间不符——罐子到年末才满。 4. B　词义/句意理解题。由对比“not to catch mistakes… but to catch goodness”及后文汇报同学善行的例子可知，是发现他人的好。 5. B　主旨大意题。第四段“when you look for the best in people, you often bring it out”为全文点睛句，B 最贴合。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 admit 承认 文中：admitting a mistake. 用法：admit doing sth.；admit a mistake 承认错误 make sure 确保；务必 文中：making sure someone noticed. 后接 (that) 从句或 of sth. stay behind 留下来 文中：stay behind to clean the blackboard. behind 为副词，不接宾语 bring out 使显现；激发 文中：bring it out. 拓展：bring out the best in sb. 激发出某人最好的一面 Passage 20 答案与解析 答案速查：1. B　2. C　3. B　4. B　5. B 1. B　细节理解题。第二段“‘feeling blue’ means feeling sad”。陷阱：D 项利用了 blue 的另一层含义“宁静”，与 feeling blue 固定搭配无关。 2. C　细节理解题。第三段“In China, red is the colour of joy: red envelopes… red lanterns”。A、B 是英语文化中 red 的联想。 3. B　细节理解题。第三段末“in China, red means prices are going up, while in Western markets, red means they are falling”。 4. B　推理判断题。第四段末“showing how cultures borrow from each other”，直接点明该例证明文化相互借鉴融合。 5. B　主旨大意题。末段“a word is never just a word. Behind it stands a whole way of seeing the world”为全文主旨。 日积月累 重点词汇 / 短语 词义 文中原句与拓展 make no sense 讲不通；毫无意义 文中：sentences that seem to make no sense. 拓展：make sense 有意义、讲得通 stand for 代表；象征 文中：blue often stands for sadness. 还可指缩写“代表”，如 UN stands for… be connected with 与……有联系 文中：red is often connected with danger. 同义：be related to borrow from 向……借鉴 文中：cultures borrow from each other. 辨析：borrow 借入，lend 借出 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $