专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，江西专用）高一英语上学期

**基本信息** 高一上学期说明文阅读理解专题汇编，涵盖人与社会、自我、自然等主题，精选江西多校期中试题，素材兼具时代性与生活性，问题设计梯度分明。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（说明文）|多篇Passage（每篇4题）|人与社会（历史文化、AI/大数据）、人与自我（学习方法、生活习惯）、人与自然（微塑料、环境保护）|情境贴近科技前沿（如AI对学习的影响）、社会热点（慢旅行、手机使用），问题含细节理解（如“morgue”词义猜测）、推理判断（如作者对冬瓜降温法的态度）、主旨归纳（如“秘密代码的用途”），适配高一上学期阅读能力要求。|

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西南昌市外国语学校·期中）“Inspector Sands to the control room, please.” If you ever hear that at a British train station, don’t panic. But you might appreciate knowing that this is a codeword meant to inform staff that there is an emergency somewhere in the building. The idea is to avoid causing alarm among commuters (通勤者), but still get the message out to those trained to deal with the problem. The subject of secret codewords like this was raised this week on Reddit, and the discussion has attracted thousands of examples. But what codewords and signs are really out there in the wild? A good place to start is hospital emergency codes. These are often colour-coded, and one health centre in Canada has published its list online. “Code red” announces a fire, “code white” indicates a violent person while “code black” means a bomb threat is active. It’s been reported that hospital staff sometimes refer to the morgue as “Rose Cottage”, in order to avoid upsetting relatives of a patient who has recently died. “I can see very good reasons for having these codes,” says Paul Baker, a linguist at the University of Lancaster. “It may be that people are unsure when they’re giving the code so there’s no point upsetting members of the public.” Not all codes are alphanumeric (字母数字的). Some are visual, intended to be hidden in plain sight. As BBC Future discovered earlier this year, many banknotes feature a specific pattern of dots placed there to prevent people from photocopying money. Many copiers and scanners are programmed to spot it. And finally, the spray-painted squiggles (波形曲线) you see on pavements in towns and cities all over the world are codes understood by construction workers and engineers. For example, in UK, different colours are related to different types of cable or pipe. Blue meant a water system while yellow indicated gas lines and green labelled CCTV or data wiring. All of these codes have a purpose — to avoid causing panic, to transmit subtle signals in social groups, or to provide technical information quickly and easily. “People don’t like secrets, do they?” says Baker. “There is a drive to have as much information as possible — we do live in the information age,” he adds. 1.The following are purposes of the secret codes except ________. A. to avoid causing alarm and panic among the public. B. to send sensitive signals in social groups. C. to provide technical information quickly and easily. D. to make people believe you are wiser. 2.The underlined word “morgue” in paragraph 3 refers to the room in a hospital ______. A. where patients are treated B. where dead bodies are kept C. where a patient has an operation D. where a surgeon cuts open the patients’ bodies 3.How many kinds of secret codes are mentioned in the passage? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 4.Which of the following could be the best title of the passage? A. The secret codes you are not meant to know B. Where to find the codes C. The origin of different codes D. Codes in the modern society Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西吉安第一中学·期中）Many of us may have experienced the pleasant moment of seeing recommended songs after we listened to some songs on a music app. When we open shopping websites, we often see things we want to buy on the home page. The businessman can decide which is the best place to build a new entrance in a big supermarket in the city center. If you want to take a taxi on a taxi app, it can even guess where you want to go before you tell it! Aren’t these things amazing? Those are all based on data (数据). Data is no longer only about numbers, but information from almost every side of our lives: our shopping habits, interests or what we eat. All of this is called “big data”. China is speeding up its big data strategy to better serve social and economic development. As a result, people’s lives can be improved as well. It is also expected that there will be greater use of big data in areas like education, social safety and transportation. We have seen big data being used more often in China in the past few years. The role it plays in tourism is just one example. Many travelers today like to share their experiences with others on the Internet. All the data that travelers share online is helping the tourism industry get a lot of information. After the data is analyzed (分析), these tour sights and service providers can better understand travelers’ needs. In this way, services will be improved, which is helpful to the development of the whole industry. As a result, travelers can expect better tours in the future. Moreover, big data is also an important growth tool for economic development. With growth rate of 30 percent every year, sales of big data industry in China will reach one trillion yuan yearly by 2030. Having so many good influences, big data is sure to be seen more and more in China. 1.According to Paragraph 1, big data can help people ________. A. take a taxi without paying for it. B. design home pages for websites. C. make better decisions in business. D. buy songs from a music app. 2.Why does the author mention our shopping habits and interests in Paragraph 2? A. To show shopping habits and interests influence our lives. B. To prove that big data is now part of almost everything we do. C. To prove that big data only has information about what we buy and eat. D. To show that China’s plan for big data is mainly about changing shopping habits. 3.Which of the following words can describe the writer’s feeling towards big data? A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Bored. 4.What can be the best title for the passage? A. Big Data Brings Good Music. B. Tourism Gets Help from Big Data. C. Sales of Big Data Industry in China. D. Big Data Influences China positively. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西省部分学校·期中）AI is becoming increasingly popular in society. A recent report from Common Sense Media shows that while young people know the possible uses of AI tools, they may not fully understand the hidden dangers. So it is important for parents to talk with their teens about AI. Today teens use AI most often for homework (53%). They also use it to help with school tasks, and 46% of them report doing so without the teacher’s permission (许可). What’s more, they use it to fight boredom (42%) and to translate something from one language into another (41%). They may even use AI to create a joke, plan activities, and get health advice. “It’s important to find out how exactly AI is helping teens,” says Arman Jaffer, an AI education expert. “One thing educators and parents have noticed is that AI can be the best for learning when it centers on the learning process (过程), not the result. Rather than asking ChatGPT for an answer or to write a complete paper, it can work better if it’s used to provide ideas, give suggestions, or help with study.” “As AI is being applied more widely in the classroom, it is very important to make sure students are being properly educated on AI, so they are prepared for a world where AI is in everything they do,” says Leticia Barr, a computer science teacher. “Knowing how AI is present in their lives, the way it works, and how to best use AI tools for educational advantages is more important than stopping it.” The best thing parents can do is check in with their children — be the ones who actively take part in the learning process. They are never able to go faster than computer programmers and AI, but they can play an important role in their children’s learning and support the difficult work teachers do every day. 1.What can be learned from paragraph 2? A. Boredom is common among teens. B. Students use AI for different purposes. C. Homework is too difficult for teens to deal with. D. Teachers should pay more attention to students ’needs. 2.What does Arman Jaffer suggest about using AI? A. Avoiding it in writing. B. Getting parents’ permission first. C. Asking it to present the result directly. D. Finding how to solve problems with it. 3.What is Leticia Barr’s attitude towards AI use? A. Supportive. B. Uncaring. C. Unclear. D. Doubtful. 4.How should parents face the AI challenge? A. By joining in their children’s learning journey. B. By signing up for computer education courses. C. By keeping up with the latest advances in AI. D. By getting some help from the school teachers. 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西鹰潭余江区第一中学·期中）If you’ve ever played on a sports team or been to gym class, you probably know the practice. First, you do some warm-ups. Then you stretch (拉伸). Exercises and activities follow. At the end of the exercise, you do more stretches. For years, coaches and gym teachers have believed that stretching helps athletes perform better, and suffer fewer injuries. From the health club to the football field, everywhere you look, people stretch. Now research suggests that stretching may not do your body as much good as people thought. After reviewing more than 350 scientific studies, researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that stretching may not cut the chance of injury. “There is not enough evidence (证据) to show that stretching is effective,” says Stephen Thacker, director of the CDC’s epidemiology program in Atlanta, Ga. “Certain athletes stretch all the time, but they’re the ones who are more likely to get hurt.” Thacker points to professional baseball players as an example. They all do stretches before a game. Yet baseball players have one of the highest rates of injury in any sport. To understand why stretching may be a bad idea, it helps to know how muscles (肌肉) work. It all starts with orders from the brain. Special cells called neurons carry electrical messages from the brain through the nervous system to the muscles you want to activate. As soon as the messages get to their targets, the muscles react. When you stretch, you lengthen muscle fibers. It then takes longer for messages from the brain to travel through them. Stretching before you exercise is particularly risky, experts say. Instead of stretching before an activity, they recommend warming up by starting slowly to get blood and oxygen flowing to your muscles. 1.What is the common belief about stretching among coaches and gym teachers? A. It improves performance. B. It should be avoided in matches. C. It is only useful for athletes. D. It may increase the risk of injuries. 2.What does Thacker want to explain by mentioning professional baseball players? A. The downside of stretching. B. The purpose of the CDC’s study. C. The value of the group game. D. The necessity of doing warm-ups. 3.What do experts recommend for warming up before exercise? A. Focusing on your thoughts. B. Stretching as much as possible. C. Following the coach’s order. D. Starting with slow movements. 4.Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. How Can We Pick an Activity? B. Is Warming up Necessary for Us? C. Why Do Athletes Do Stretches? D. Does Stretching Help Workouts? Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西吉安第一中学·期中）Being bored (无聊的) is no fun, especially at work. There’s nothing worse than finding yourself bored in your office on a Monday morning and realize there’s still four and a half more days to the weekend. But a new research done by Australian National University argues that while boredom is certainly boring, it isn’t all bad. This bored mental state can actually spark (引发) precious creativity. The study asked 52 subjects (实验对象) to do a boring job: Sort apart a bowl of red and green beans with just one hand for 30 minutes. Meanwhile, 49 other subjects — the control group — were instructed to create art projects with paper, beans, and glue. Once the 30 minutes was over, each group was asked to spend five minutes on a creative task:they had to come up with reasons why a hypothetical (假设的) person was two hours late for a meeting. The researchers found that the bored group came up with not just more ideas but more creative ideas than the control group. The research found that although some previous research shows boredom can make people dissatisfied at a job, boredom didn’t produce unwanted feelings that could be detrimental to mental health. In this case, people who were bored were just bored, and they walked away with a benefit of creativity. “Boredom is not miserable and harmful based on my research,” says the study’s lead author, Guihyun Park. “People want to get out of a boring state, so they are induced to novelty-seeking (追求新奇的) unique thinking, which brings out creativity.” 1.What can we know about the 52 subjects? A. They often felt very bored. B. They were required to sort beans. C. They always thought of weekends. D. They were asked to do creative work. 2.What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. Bored people are often late for a meeting. B. The bored group was as creative as the control group. C. The two groups did different tasks to test their creativity. D. Bored people could work better than those who were not. 3.What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Valuable. B. Harmful. C. Effective. D. Helpful. 4.What is the passage mainly about? A. How to avoid boredom at work. B. Different ways to complete creative tasks. C. A study on the positive effect of boredom. D. The harm of boredom to work satisfaction. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西省部分学校·期中）Why do our brains make some memories (记忆) so unforgettable, and let others go away? A new study has found a possible answer, suggesting that memories of common moments are given extra sticking power if they become connected to something surprising, interesting, or carry a strong feeling. In their paper, the researchers describe such a picture: someone is hiking through Yellowstone National Park and they come across a group of wild cows. The “wow” moment, they discovered, not just keeps the experience itself in the mind, but lots of little, more common events leading up to and away from it: a rock noticed on the path, a small animal moving quickly into the plants…are also remembered. The latest project, which included 650 subjects (实验对象),10 studies done before, and the use of AI to study a broader set of data (数据), is the first to show that memory improvement does happen. One big difference from past studies: the researchers found the brain uses a special standard to decide which memories to keep. During the experiment, the subjects were shown lots of pictures and then given a surprise memory test the next day. With things that happened after an event, the strength of memory seemed to consist in the emotional (情感的) influence of the big moment itself — the more lasting the noticeable event, the more possibly everything after it was to be remembered. However, that didn’t apply when the memories reach back to the things that happened before the event. In fact, the memories were more likely to be strengthened if they had similarities — like a matching color — that connected them to the important moment. The discovery has broad meanings in practice. In education, pairing emotionally strong materials with difficult-to-master ideas could help students understand them more easily and keep them in the memory for a longer time. In a hospital, doctors could help people save some memories that are weak but deeply hidden in their mind because of aging. 1.Why is Yellowstone National Park mentioned? A. To offer some background information of the study. B. To list the most popular travel attraction in America. C. To prove the role special places play in strengthening memories. D. To present a real-life situation that helps explain the research finding. 2.What is a finding of the study? A. Staying outdoors improves one’s memory. B. AI tools are important for studying memory. C. Our brain actively chooses what to remember. D. The best way to test memory is a surprise test. 3.What do the underlined words “consist in” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Result in. B. Depend on. C. Make up. D. Stand for. 4.What is the main idea of the text? A. The secret behind the formation of memories. B. How daily happenings influence people’s feelings. C. The reasons why certain memories are unforgettable. D. How to improve memory in education and hospital settings. Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江西宜春丰城市第九中学·期中）In Frozen II, the ice queen Elsa returns with her magical control over snow and ice. Snowflakes (雪花) fall from her fingertips and she can use ice to fight fire. How closely does Elsa's icy touch approach reality? Elsa isn't alone in building with ice. In our world, designers can make fantastic structures from ice, too. Obviously, ice melts (融化) when it 's warm. Melting aside, Elsa's palace still might not be all that strong— structurally anyway. Ice is brittle. "If you're trying to construct a large building, it'd be very hard to get ice to hold a lot of weight,” explains Kenneth Libbrecht, a physicist at the California Institute of Technology. A small igloo, a small round house built from hard snow, would last longer. Elsa probably should have a spare igloo. Her palace looks to be a single crystal (结晶体) and a crystal of ice is weaker in some directions than others. But in an igloo, each block has thousands of tiny ice crystals in it, each turned a different way. So, no one direction would be weak, as it likely would be in this palace. "Elsa could strengthen her palace by adding a second material— kind of like the corn in cookies,” Kenneth Libbrecht said. That still inspires some designers, including Arno Pronk from the Eindhoven University of Technology. His team builds structures with ice mixtures. Because the materials are cheap and the structures are short-term, you can do a lot of experiments, he says. "If you strengthen ice with materials like wood pieces or paper, it becomes stronger,” Pronk notes. Besides, other scientists are thinking about making other ice structures. These researchers are figuring out what it might take to build ice homes on Mars for human explorers. Ice walls might even help protect astronauts from harmful lights, improving safety and creating livable environments for long-term missions on Mars. "Though still only a concept, our ice home is not science fiction,” says Sheila Thibeault, a physicist from NASA. "The current idea is to cover the ice in plastic. This would help give the ice some structure,” she adds. 1.Why is Elsa's ice magic in Frozen II mentioned? A. To remind us of the power of snow. B. To connect to real-world applications. C. To compare fantasy with physics rules. D. To stress the structural limitations of ice. 2.What does the underlined word "brittle” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Hard B. Smooth C. Variable. D. Breakable. 3.Why is an igloo recommended to Elsa? A. Its round shape prevents heat loss. B. It shows similarity to the crystal shape. C. It offers convenience with many directions. D. Its multi-crystal structure better spreads stress. 4.What is the possible benefit of building ice homes on Mars? A. Providing shelter for humans. B. Reducing construction waste. C. Allowing for quick settlement. D. Helping collect solar power. 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高一上·江西南昌第二中学·期中）A sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle eventually does harm to health but breaking out of long inactivity can be discouraging. Now, however, there may be a simple way to ease into more activity. A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. “It’s quite simple, but it’s not an idea that’s out there,” says University of Sydney exercise scientist Emmanuel Stamatakis who led the research. “Many people, including many health professionals, still think of physical activity as something that you do during your free time, and you need to go somewhere to do it.” Stamatakis and his colleagues, on the other hand, wanted to understand if daily life activities done somewhat vigorously in short bouts could also provide health benefits compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle. To study this, his team used data from nearly 25,000 adults who were non-exercisers. Without these data, it was almost impossible to continue the study. Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. The team found that people who did at least four one-to-two-minute high intensity physical activities every day had a nearly 40 percent less risk of dying from cancer and a roughly 49 percent over chance of dying from a cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” 1.What did the recent study find? A. An inactive lifestyle is harmful but hard to change B. Daily short but intense activities do good to health. C. Doing daily housework is also a kind of exercise D. More physical exercises can make you more active. 2.What does the underlined word “vigorously” most probably mean? A. Continuously. B. Energetically. C. Regularly. D. Creatively. 3.Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 5? A. Research purposes. B. Research limitations. C. Research methods. D. Research findings. 4.What would Stamatakis suggest? A. Carrying out more short bouts of intense activity. B. Avoiding movement of light intensity. C. Doing only 8 minutes intense activity every day. D. Going to exercise at fixed time and place. 主题语境04 人与自然-环境 （25-26高一上·江西多校联考·期中）If you fill a glass of water, buy a bottle of water, or even draw water from a well, there’s a good chance you’re drinking little pieces of plastic particles — microplastics (微塑料), which are smaller than 5 millimeters in size. A growing number of studies have found these little particles in drinking water sources around the world, and scientists are now studying the possible risks that affect human health. Most microplastics are little pieces that break off from plastic bottles, food bottles, and plastic bags as they age and wear down. And some microplastics come from clothing; when we wash clothes with microplastics, microplastics fall off and end up in polluted water systems. These microplastics then make their way into rivers, lakes, oceans, and even groundwater. Scientists are still learning about how microplastics affect human health. In laboratory tests, microplastics have been shown to cause damage to liver cells (肝细胞) and the function of stomach in animals. But it’s unclear exactly how many microplastics humans take in, or what long-term effects this intake might have. “We know microplastics are in our bodies, but we don’t yet know if they’re causing harm,” said Dr. Miller, a specialist at the University of California. To address the problem of more microplastics entering into our bodies, scientists are working on better filtration (过滤) technologies. Some new water filters can catch microplastics as small as 0.1 micrometers. Some governments recently passed some laws requiring water companies to test for microplastics and reduce their levels. However, technology and laws alone are not enough. The solution also lies in our daily choices. As Dr. Miller puts it: “We can’t undo the microplastics that are already in our water, but we can take steps to stop more from getting there. It’s a problem we can solve if we work together.” 1.What can we know about microplastics from paragraph 1? A. They are found in various water sources. B. They are mainly from underground water. C. They are proven harmful to human health. D. They are less than 5 millimeters in length. 2.What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Microplastics’ varieties. B. Microplastics’ sources. C. Microplastics’ influences. D. Microplastics’ solutions. 3.Which can best describe Dr. Miller’s view on microplastics? A. Current intake, zero danger. B. Risk known, threat controlled. C. Liver ruined, crisis incoming. D. Particles found, damage unproven. 4.What is the author’s attitude to solving the problem of microplastics? A. Challenging. B. Unconcerned. C. Active. D. Doubtful. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西莲花中学·期中）Have you felt annoyed when a cellphone rings during the class? Something must be done to stop this. Now in New York City, USA, a rule is carried out in schools. Students can’ t even bring cellphones to school. Is it a good thing or not? Anxious parents say that cellphones are an important tool in holding New York city’s families together. “I worry about it,” said Elizabeth Lorris Ritter, a mother of a middle school kid. It’s necessary in our everyday life. We have a washing machine. We have running water, and We have cellphones.” Many American parents think cellphones connect them to their children on buses, getting out from subways, walking through unknown places. “I have her call me when she gets out of school,” said Lindsay Walt, a schoolgirl’s mother. “No one in New York is going to let their child go to school without a cellphone” What about the cellphone owners, the students? Most of the students said cellphones were essential and the cellphone was like all extra (额外的) hand or foot for them. “I feel so empty,” said May Chom, “There is also no way to listen to music on the way to school without my phone. It will be a really, really boring trip.” 1.Students often use a cellphone ______ according to the passage. A. to enjoy listening to music B. to make phone calls to their teachers C. to work as running water D. to work as a washing machine 2.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Many American parents don’t think cellphones are necessary for the students. B. Cellphones only bring troubles to the school life. C. Cellphones connect children with their families when they are outside. D. Cellphones can help students learn better. 3.What does the underlined word “essential” mean in Chinese? A. 时髦的 B. 必要的 C. 多余的 D. 昂贵的 4.This article is about the ______ in carrying out the rule—not to use a cellphone in school. A. happiness B. interest C. problem D. expense (费用) Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西多校联考·期中）Imagine a teacher that can offer help anytime, never gets tired, and can design its lessons to your exact learning needs. That’s what AI teachers offer. They use AI to know students’ strengths and weaknesses, how students learn, and create personalized study plans. But while AI teachers have the abilities to change education, they also raise important questions about the future of teaching and learning. AI teachers offer flexibility (灵活性). Students can use them anytime, anywhere. Many AI teachers also use games to make learning more attractive. Most importantly, AI teachers can be fit for each student’s needs. For example, if a student struggles with maths, AI teachers can provide extra practice problems and explain concepts (概念) in different ways until the student understands. However, some teachers worry that AI could reduce the human connection. Others are concerned about personal privacy: AI teachers collect lots of information about students. If the information falls into the wrong hands, it could be misused. There’s also the risk that students might become too dependent on AI, losing the ability to think creatively or solve problems on their own. Experts say the key is to use AI teachers as an additional role to traditional education, not use them to be in the place of it. AI can solve daily tasks, freeing up teachers to focus on what they do best: inspiring students, leading discussions, and building relationships. To address privacy concerns, governments and companies need to create strong laws to protect students’ personal privacy. And to prevent over-reliance, teachers should guide students on how to use AI wisely, encouraging them to ask questions and think independently. AI teachers are not perfect, but they have the power to make education more accessible, personalized, and attractive. As technology improves, they will likely become an even bigger part of classrooms around the world. The future of education isn’t about choosing between AI and human teachers — it’s about combining the best of both to help every student succeed. 1.What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 1? A. To question the existing AI technology. B. To introduce the following context. C. To summarize the previous findings. D. To conclude the author’s own argument. 2.What is the key to keeping students from over-relying on AI teachers? A. Actively guiding the wise use of AI. B. Simply stopping the use of AI. C. Wholly removing AI from class. D. Fully depending on AI for teaching. 3.The author implies that the future of education will ________. A. focus fully on personalized learning plans B. depend entirely on technological advances C. give play to AI and human teachers’ strengths D. take the place of the roles of human teachers 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Damage of AI in Education B. The Role of AI in Future Education C. A Replacement for Human Teachers D. A Partnership for Future Education 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西南昌第二中学·期中）Two British teachers have broken the world record for the longest journey in a tuk-tuk after pulling their broken vehicle for 43 miles. Richard Sears and Nick Gough traveled 42,120 kilometers around the world and passed through over 35 countries. They did this to support the grass roots education projects in Africa, Asia and South America. The pair, who set off from London, thought their journey was over when the vehicle started to fail. When the tuk-tuk broke, they were only 70 kilometers away from their destination. They decided to pull it the rest of the way. The tuk-tuk, which weighs 800 kilograms, was pulled in turn by Richard and Nick over three days. On arrival in Chepén, Peru, they discovered a repairman who specialized in tuk-tuks and managed to fix it. The pair were back on the road aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to tackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia. The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes. Nick and Richard uncovered some inspirational projects across Africa, Asia and South America. They witnessed first-hand the educational challenges facing these areas today. They joined street children in the slums of Cairo, Khartoum, Kampala, Mumbai and Phnom Penh. They visited Congolese refugees (难民) in camps in Eastern Burundi. The pair established The Tuk Tuk Educational Trust, a U.K. registered charity. Talking about their motivation, Richard said, “The world’s leaders have made a commitment to achieve universal primary education but, in spite of this promise, over 57 million primary-aged children worldwide are still out of school; many more are in school, but still cannot access quality learning opportunities.” 1.Why did the two teachers travel around the world? A. To give support to education projects. B. To create a new record in a journey. C. To find like-minded teachers to work with. D. To explore landscapes of different countries. 2.What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. Their achievements in fighting poverty. B. Their exciting experiences on the road. C. The beautiful scenery of famous mountains. D. The difficulties and dangers of the journey. 3.Which of the following best describes the two teachers? A. Curious and brave. B. Humorous and generous. C. Responsible and courageous. D. Efficient and honest. 4.What can we infer from Richard’s words in the last paragraph? A. Students in developing countries need to be further educated. B. The world’s leaders don’t pay enough attention to education. C. People should work together to promote equality in education. D. Universal primary education remains a long way to go. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西景德镇·期中）Most people live with “just-me-ism”. For example, you might leave the tap running while brushing teeth, keep a light on when going out, or drop litter without picking it up. You know these actions are wrong, yet you tell yourself, “What difference does it make? The world has millions of people, and I’m just one. Does leaving a tap running, a light on, or a piece of litter really matter? Besides, no one will know.” But imagine millions of people having the same mindset: millions of gallons of water would be wasted, millions of lights left on, and millions of litter pieces scattered. All this would cause great harm to our world. To encourage young people to act for the environment, animals, and their communities, Roots& Shoots was founded. Established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall — a world-famous scientist and expert on wild chimpanzees — this organization is more than just a group. Beyond her research, Dr. Goodall has devoted herself fully to environmental protection. The core purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, ranging from preschoolers to university students, equipping them to help build a secure future where humans live in peace with nature. The name “Roots & Shoots” carries deep meaning: roots grow slowly underground to form a solid foundation, while shoots, though small and weak, can break through brick walls to reach sunlight. These roots and shoots represent you, your friends, and young people worldwide. Countless such “roots and shoots” can solve global problems, change the world, and turn it into a better place to live. Now the choice is yours: Will you use your life to make the world better for people, animals, and the environment? Will you help plant Roots & Shoots in everyone’s heart? Will you join the community for a shared future? You cannot be absent. 1.Who would most probably be called a just-me-ist based on the text? A. Lily who brings shopping bags while going to the supermarket. B. Amy who chooses the easiest tasks and never helps her teammates. C. Marshall who always argues and even has fights with his classmates. D. Mike who throws plastic bottles in the forest without taking them away. 2.What is the primary goal of Roots & Shoots? A. To advocate a ban on environmental protection. B. To inspire young people to study chimpanzees. C. To call on everyone to take care of those they love. D. To encourage the youth to live in harmony with nature. 3.What can we learn from Roots & Shoots? A. Early birds catch the worms. B. Many hands make light work. C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 4.The organization is named “Roots & Shoots” because ________. A. roots and shoots are small but powerful B. roots and shoots are easy to find in nature C. roots and shoots are Dr. Jane Goodall’s favorites D. roots and shoots are the most important parts of plants 主题语境03 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西南昌第二中学·期中）If the sound of a baby crying gets you red in the face, you’re not just imagining things. A new study has found that a baby’s cries — particularly those that signal pain — really do cause a hot redness in adults’ faces, perhaps as a way of launching us into action. Without language, crying is a baby’s best shot at getting the help they need from their caregivers. But not every cry is the same. Cries that come from serious pain are much more disordered than the cries of low-level discomfort. Scientists call these “nonlinear phenomena” or NLPs. Caregivers can usually differentiate between cries of ordinary discomfort and those NLPs, but it’s unclear exactly how our bodies arrive at this higher-order conclusion. A team led by Dr. Laurent Moreau from Jean Monnet University wanted to know how these sounds affect adults’ nervous systems and the bodily effects they cause. They tested the reactions of 41 participants(21 men, 20 women, aged 35 years old on average)to the sounds of babies crying. These adults listened to a selection of 23 audio (音频) tracks, recorded from 16 different babies while they were either experiencing the discomfort of a bath, or the pain of a vaccination shot (接种疫苗) at the doctor. As the participants listened, a heat camera tracked changes to their face temperature. An increase in heat from this part of the body is a response from the nervous system, which manages uncontrollable bodily functions such as heart rate and breathing. The results showed that a cry with a higher level of NLP caused a stronger redness response from listeners’ faces, suggesting that these messy sounds are much more effective at getting the attention of adults, on a bodily level, than cries with little or no NLP. “While our results sound interesting and new, this study remains rather basic and raises a number of questions about the methods used in the experiment.” Dr. Moreau notes. 1.Which of the following is an NLP in babies’ cries? A. Cries out of the pain of a dog bite. B. Cries out of boredom with toys. C. Cries from restlessness when held. D. Cries from unwillingness to drink milk. 2.Why did Dr. Moreau’s team conduct the research? A. To test if pain makes cries longer. B. To learn why adults can recognize cries. C. To see how cries affect the adults’ nerves. D. To compare men’s and women’s responses. 3.How was the research carried out? A. By observing babies’ discomfort behaviors. B. By having participants describe feelings. C. By measuring heart rate and recording breathing. D. By playing audios and tracking face temperature. 4.What may the study team focus on next? A. Studying more baby cries. B. Improving the study methods. C. Exploring adults’ nervous systems. D. Managing participants’ bodily functions. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西崇仁县第一中学·期中）A recent study conducted by researchers at MIT has found that using AI tools like ChatGPT may hurt people’s ability to think, learn, and remember in the long term. The study focused on students who used large language models (LLMs) to help them write essays (文章). These students showed less brain activity, poorer memory, and lower engagement (参与) compared with those who did not use AI. The research team used Electroencephalogram scans (EEGs) to monitor the brain activity of 54 students in three groups when they were doing their writing tasks: one group used ChatGPT, one used Google, and the third used no external (外部的) help at all. Over a period of four months, the group that used ChatGPT performed worst in all areas — brain activity, language use, and scoring. The findings showed that students who depended on AI had trouble remembering or quoting from their own essays. They also felt less ownership of their work. On the other hand, students who wrote without any help produced more original content and had more active brains. Even when students stopped using AI and tried writing on their own, their brain activity remained low. Interestingly, those who started without AI and later used it showed an increase an brain activity, suggesting they were actively trying to combine the new tool with their own knowledge. The researchers also warned that while AI makes tasks easier, it may reduce people’s willingness to think critically. Many users simply accept the AI’s answers without questioning them. Teachers were able to identify AI-generated essays because they followed a similar structure and lacked creativity. Henry Shevlin, a researcher from Cambridge University, said that “Right now, there’s no proof (证据) that LLM usage caused lasting ‘brain damage’, but it suggests that AI could possibly form a kind of ‘laziness’”. He added, “We should be careful not to come to conclusions about whether AI is all good or all bad for learning. Some studies show positive results, while others show disadvantages. What really matters is how we choose to use the tool.” 1.Which group showed the lowest brain activity and poorest performance over four months? A. The group that used ChatGPT. B. The group that used Google. C. The group that worked in pairs. D. The group that used no external help. 2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the study’s findings? A. The study proved that using AI causes lasting damage to the brain. B. Teachers could not identify AI-generated essays and student-written ones. C. Students who went from writing alone to using AI showed a rise in brain activity. D. Brain activity immediately returned to high levels just after students stopped using AI. 3.What can we infer from Henry Shevlin words? A. All schools should immediately stop using AI tools. B. The effect of using AI depends greatly on how it is used. C. AI is always harmful in education, no matter how it is used. D. The study’s conclusions are perfect and need no further discussion. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI May Weaken Learning Performances. B. How to Use ChatGPT for Essay Writing. C. The Rapid Development of AI Technology. D. Why Teachers Dislike AI-generated Essays. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西莲花中学·期中）What you do after studying could have a big impact on how well you learn and remember. Today on Education Tips, we will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep. When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity. Perhaps they look at their phone or computer. They might even play a video game or watch television. But research suggests that resting after your study may help you remember what you have studied. The basic idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain gets a chance to rest. Resting is difficult when you are playing computer games. While this might sound unusual to you, many studies have explored the benefits of resting after learning — what is called “wakeful rest”. A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember information they learned after doing wakeful rest. If you want to give “wakeful rest” a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. It is really that easy! Besides wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning. The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School (HMS) notes that sleep helps people to learn in two ways. A report on the school’s website explains that “a sleep-deprived person cannot focus attention well and therefore cannot learn well.” It also says, “Sleep itself helps us to memorize and that memorizing is very important for learning new information.” The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) suggests that adults between the ages of 20 and 64 get about between 6 and 7 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers may need a little bit more, and people over the age of 65 may need a little less. Try to get some “wakeful rest” after a study. Then try to get a good night’s sleep. That’s it — a simple, no-cost way to help you remember what you learn. 1.According to the research, shortly after studying students are recommended ______ A. To take a wakeful rest. B. To play a video game. C. To have a nice sleep at night. D. To read a newspaper. 2.How long should teenagers sleep each day according to NSF? A. Less than 6 hours. B. No more than 7 hours. C. Around 8 hours. D. Just 7 hours. 3.What’s paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The importance of sleep. B. The types of resting activities. C. The good ways to get a rest. D. The reason for having a rest. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Low-cost Tips on Working. B. Good Things to Do After Your Study. C. Why Do We Need to Have a Good Sleep? D. How Long Should We Rest After Learning? Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江西师范大学附属中学·期中）At a summit in Paris in February, 2025, tech bosses issued the grandest claims about artificial intelligence. Dario Amodei, CEO, said it would lead to the “largest change to the global labor market in human history”. Jensen Huang, CEO of NVIDIA, envisioned a future where workers “are all going to be CEOs of AI agents”. Such predictions draw on an established thought. As large language models gained popularity in the early 2020s, economists and bosses were hopeful that AI would help promote equality, benefiting lower-skilled workers most. Despite such optimism about AI as an equalizer in labor market, more recent findings have cast doubt on this vision. They instead suggest a future where fly still higher, and the rest are left behind. Rather than narrowing gaps, AI is likely to widen workforce divides in the long term. For example, for air-traffic controllers, AI processes flight data while leaving decisions to humans, thus keeping salaries high. By contrast, self-checkout systems simplify cashiers’ roles, automating tasks like calculating change, which lowers the skill requirements, causing wages to decline. Apart from its replacement of routine jobs, AI may extend its reach to creative work. At A&O, a law firm, AI can analyze contracts and suggest revisions within 30 seconds, handling much of the work once done by associate lawyers. In contrast, top performers have been best at using technology to make strategic decisions. Therefore, it is junior staff who are the most at risk. Labor markets have always been defined by the destruction of old roles and the creation of new ones. In the Industrial Revolution, engineers mastering machinery saw their wages skyrocket while laborers lost out. The Computer Age then rewarded software engineers and outdated typists. AI appears to follow a similar path, benefiting those with judgment and expertise to handle complex, information-rich environments. Today’s AI is just the beginning. As it grows more complicated, workplaces might be transformed, making every worker a CEO, predicted Jensen Huang. But there will be no equalizing: the most talented will still make the best CEOs. 1.What is the early expectation of AI’s impact on work? A. It was seen as a threat to job security. B. It was believed to replace only manual labor. C. It was expected to reduce workplace inequality. D. It was thought to mainly benefit high-level managers. 2.What can we infer about the long-term impact of AI? A. AI will slow the global economic growth. B. AI will narrow the gap of wage inequality. C. AI will put lower-skilled workers at a disadvantage. D. AI will significantly enhance creative work opportunities. 3.Why are the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Age mentioned? A. To compare the speed of technological change. B. To suggest AI will ultimately benefit all workers. C. To argue AI will create entirely new types of jobs. D. To show technological shifts often increase inequality. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A. The End of Human Labor with AI B. The Division AI Deepens in Workforce C. The Partnership between CEOs and AI D. The Limits of AI Application in Creative Work Passage 5 （25-26高一上·江西景德镇一中·期中）Scientists are advancing brain-computer interface (BCI) technology with a breakthrough system that translates inner speech into audible words. Developed by US researchers, this “thought decoder (解码器)” achieved 74% accuracy in converting the imagined speech of four paralyzed volunteers into sound. Unlike earlier BCIs, which relied on brain signals from attempted speech or writing, the new device directly interprets neural patterns linked to phonemes (speech units), aiming to restore fluent communication for those with speech or motor disabilities. The system works by implanting sensors in the motor cortex (运动皮层), the brain region controlling movement, including speech. As volunteers think of words, machine learning algorithms (算法) analyze neural activity to identify phoneme patterns and reconstruct sentences. Stanford neuroscientist Benyamin Meschede-Krasa explains, “If you just have to think about speech instead of actually trying to speak, it’s potentially easier and faster.” Researchers discovered overlapping brain signals between attempted and imagined speech, but the system could distinguish them through probability calculations. For example, it recognized 125,000 words by linking frequent phoneme combinations. “These patterns are a similar but smaller version of attempted speech activity,” notes Stanford’s Frank Willett, adding, “We decoded them well enough to prove the principle, but not as well as attempted speech.” There’s still a long way to go here, and the BCI often fell far short of that 74% maximum accuracy rating. However, by utilizing upgraded implant technology and mapping more of the brain for thought cues, the researchers are confident that the system can be quickly improved over the next few years. Another issue to overcome is the potential for translating, logging, and speaking out inner monologues that are intended to be kept private — not something you want in a BCI. Safeguards like thinking of a special password start and stop decoding could be implemented here, the researchers suggest. This concept was trialed in the experiments with 98 percent accuracy. This follows other progress, such as a recent real-time thought-decoding study (personalized to one individual). “The future of BCIs is bright,” Willett says. “This gives hope that speech BCIs may one day restore communication as fluent and natural as conversational speech.” 1.How does the new BCI system differ from earlier models? A. It uses external sensors instead of implants. B. It requires physical movement to generate speech. C. It relies on brain signals from attempted writing only. D. It directly decodes neural patterns associated with inner speech. 2.What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. Benyamin Meschede-Krasa invented the new BCI system. B. The motor cortex is only responsible for speaking movements. C. Machine learning plays a key role in linking brain signals to words. D. The new BCI needs users to silently speak words to generate neural signals. 3.What privacy concern is raised about the BCI system? A. It stores thoughts without user approval. B. It might decode unintended private thoughts. C. It cannot differentiate between multiple users. D. It requires users to share mental passwords publicly 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. BCIs: The Future of Medical Implants. B. Breakthrough in Decoding Imagined Speech. C. The Morals of Translating Inner Monologues. D. Overcoming Paralysis Through Brain Technology. 主题语境04 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高一上·江西宜春丰城市第九中学·期中）An important lesson in the moral education of children may be closer than imagined — it could be right there in the books they are holding. Stories can be helpful for building moral values in young audiences, according to the result of a new study. “Media can greatly influence children’s moral values and get them to place more or less importance on the values according to what is uniquely stressed in that content.” says Lindsay Hahn, PhD, a professor in the University at Buffalo College of Arts and Sciences. Hahn is first author of the new study, which explores how media content influences children. Many previous studies have focused on wide ideas, like positive or negative effects of specific content. However, Hahn’s study looks at how reading of content featuring specific moral values (care, fairness, loyalty, and authority) might influence the weight that kids place on those values. Do children who read about particular moral characteristics absorb those qualities and build their own morality? The findings suggest so, and further support how this approach can help to teach the moral principles that kids might receive through formal instruction. For the study, Hahn and her team took the main character from a teen novel and edited the content to create four different story versions (版本). Each version showed one of four moral values that the study focused on. Then those stories were read by about 200 participants between the ages of 10 and 14. This age group is the best for media research. Hahn explained the reason, “It is more difficult for younger children to understand stories, while it is also challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with simple storylines.” The team then designed a scale (量表) to measure the importance that kids place on moral values, so as to determine how participants might be influenced by specific stories. 1.What is the result of the new study? A. Stories should be spread more by media. B. Stories help children develop moral values. C. Children learn moral values from their parents. D. Children like reading books full of funny stories. 2.What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. The branches of media research. B. The impact on children’s literature. C. The comparison with previous studies. D. The response of the public to the study. 3.Why did the researchers choose participants aged from 10 to 14? A. Their moral values cannot be easily influenced. B. They are in a critical stage of moral development. C. This age group has better moral values than others. D. They can understand the stories and won’t lose interest. 4.Where does this passage probably come from? A. A social report. B. A blog post. C. A school textbook. D. An education magazine. 主题语境05 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西崇仁县第一中学·期中）As a terrible heatwave continues to sweep across China, many people are turning to a quirky method to stay cool at night — hugging a winter melon while they sleep. This strange practice has become popular in provinces such as Shandong, Jiangsu, and Anhui due to its low cost, sustainability (可持续性), and surprising effectiveness. The idea of using winter melons as a natural coolant (冷却剂) is not new. It actually comes from ancient Chinese tradition. There is even a classical poem titled Xia Ri Bao Gua Mian (which means “Sleeping with a Melon on a Summer Night” that describes this custom. Winter melons have a water content of more than 95%, which allows them to stay cool for hours. In traditional Chinese medicine, the melon’s peel (果皮) is also known for its ability to reduce inner heat. Health experts like Yang Zufu from the China Rehabilitation Research Center say that holding a winter melon can be a mild and convenient way to lower body temperature. However, people who have weak digestion (消化) or are especially sensitive (敏感的) to cold are advised not to place the melon directly against their skin. Instead, they should wrap it in a towel or put it near their pillow. Before using the melon, it is important to wash off the fine white fuzzy (绒毛) on its surface to prevent your skin getting red or uncomfortable, but the peel should not be damaged. Although placing the melon near your arms or legs can help you feel cooler, it is not recommended to press it against the stomach. When the melon gets warm, it can be cooled down again with cold water and reused. In addition to this method, experts suggest other ways to beat the heat, such as wearing loose and breathable clothes, eating cooling foods like melons and sour fruits, improving air flow in rooms during early morning and late evening, and avoiding outdoor exercise during the hottest time of the day. 1.What does the underlined word “quirky” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Traditional. B. Unusual. C. Modern. D. Common. 2.What is the main reason why winter melons can help people cool down? A. They are cheap and easy to find. B. They can be reused many times. C. They are recommended by health experts. D. They have a high water content and medicinal peel. 3.What can we infer from the expert’s advice in the passage? A. The method is only suitable for adults. B. Winter melons are more effective than air conditioners. C. Some people should take protective measures when using the method. D. Everyone can always use this winter-melon method directly without any risk. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards the practice of hugging winter melons? A. Uncertain. B. Objective. C. Worried. D. Humorous. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西丰城第九中学·期中）Math is everywhere in our life, from working out the bill after dinner to your personal costs. While some people enjoy solving math problems, many others are afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and feel really anxious. It might seem discouraging, but this “math anxiety” is quite common, and you’re far from being the only one who feels this way. Besides, our worries and fears don’t always show how able we are. The reason for this problem often begins to appear in our childhood at school. Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students, and girls might be more affected by this anxiety. According to the Program for International Student Assessment, around 31% of 15 and 16-year-olds in 34 countries said that they felt very nervous when solving math problems, 33% said they got nervous doing math homework, and nearly60% worried that math classes would be difficult. Shulamit Kahn, from Boston University’s Questrom School of Business, told the BBC that providing students, especially girls, with good role models “is important, especially at a young age.” She believes the key is to have people, especially women who love teaching math, educate younger kids. David Robson, writing for BBC Future, mentioned, “It’s unclear why math causes so much fear compared to other subjects like geography. But knowing there’s a right or wrong answer might make you more anxious about not doing well.” And if we believe that we’re not “math people”, we may question about ourselves and avoid solving problems that we could deal with. Researchers have been trying to work out why mental math can make us nervous. This fear might come from all kinds of sources, but some suggest that openly expressing your fears can weaken their control on you and encourage children to see math tests as challenges rather than threat (威胁). We need to have a positive view on math and give it another try. 1.What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A. Girls are better at math than boys. B. Math classes are difficult for everyone. C. Students’ anxiety only comes from teachers. D. Math anxiety in childhood affect students’ confidence. 2.What might happen if someone believes they’re not a “math person”? A. They will study math harder. B. They will doubt their abilities. C. They will face challenges bravely. D. They won’t see math as a threat. 3.According to the last paragraph, what are children advised to do? A. Find the reasons of math fear positively. B. Give up challenges to avoid anxiety actively. C. Speak out their fears for improvement bravely. D. Examine the reasons for math failure carefully. 4.What might be the best title of the passage? A. Math Anxiety: How to Fix It? B. Math Application: How to use Math? C. Math Learning: The Key to Success in All Fields. D. Math Competition: Race between Boys and Girls. Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西丰城第九中学·期中）“Long time no see” is a very interesting sentence. When I first read this sentence from an American friend’s e-mail, I laughed. I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish (中式英语). Obviously, it is a word-by-word literal (字面意思的) translation of the Chinese greeting with ruined (被破坏的) English grammar and structure! Later on, my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting. I was too surprised to believe her. Her words could not convince (使相信) me at all. So I did research on Google.com. To my surprise, there are over 60 thousand web pages including “Long time no see.” This sentence has been widely used in e-mails, letters, newspapers, movies, books, or other possible places. Though it is sort of informal, it is part of the language that Americans use daily. Ironically (讽刺地), if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word, the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected. Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentence. Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan’s movies. In the 1930s, Hollywood moviemakers successfully created a worldwide famous Chinese detective (侦探) named “Charlie Chan” on wide screens. Detective Chan liked to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom (智慧) by quoting (引用) Confucius (孔子). “Long time no see.” was his trademark (标志性口头禅). Soon after Charlie Chan, “Long time no see.” became a popular phrase in America thanks to the popularity of these movies. Some scholars (学者) compare America to a huge melting pot. All kinds of cultures are mixed in the pot together, and they change the color and taste of each other. American Chinese, though a minority ethnic group (少数民族) in the United States, is also bringing some changes to the stew (大杂烩)! Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed pot. You can have some other examples besides adoption from Chinese, such as pizza from Italian, sushi from Japanese, and dejà vu from French etc. There is a long list! Americans do not just simply borrow something from others. They will also modify (修改) it and make it their own, so you would not be surprised to find a tofu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant, or to buy a bottle of iced Chinese green tea with honey in a grocery store. Since Americans appreciate Chinese culture more and more nowadays, I believe more Chinese words will become American English in the future. In this way, the American’s melting pot keeps adding richness and flavor. 1.What did the writer himself feel surprised at? A. The Chinglish expression “Long time no see.” B. So many literal translations of the expressions used in America. C. “Long time no see.” is used as a standard American English greeting. D. Finding out Americans use the expression every day. 2.What do the underlined words “melting pot” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. American changing cultures. B. Culture mixture. C. A kind of cooked dish. D. Confucius’s words. 3.According to the passage, what can be inferred? A. Detectives translated the phrase “Long time no see”. B. Cultures cannot be changed in the huge melting pot. C. The huge melting pot greatly affects all languages. D. Hollywood made “Long time no see” popular. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Some Chinese expressions are introduced into English. B. American English is only influenced by Chinese. C. Some American expressions can be used in China. D. American English keeps being enriched by different cultures. Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江西师范大学附属中学·期中）Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. In reality, education does an aging brain good. Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forming new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new. Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume: Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower; as long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences. In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy. A desire for new life challenges can further boost power. Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests. Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, but those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck. While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It’s not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should.” 1.What do some people think of aging adults? A. Their wisdom increases as time passes in their long lives. B. They can get benefits from learning in old age and gain wisdom. C. Their memory gets worse little by little compared to before. D. They may have mental health problems because of forgetfulness. 2.What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman’s finding? A. Brain damage greatly stops people from learning. B. Brains can renew and develop when people learn. C. Brain ability becomes weaker more slowly than we think. D. Brains form connections in new situations. 3.What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks? A. Doing daily activities in traditional ways. B. Not worrying about our mental endurance. C. Copying the way old dogs learn new skills. D. Dealing with daily tasks in new methods. 4.What is the finding of the 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging? A. Wanting to solve puzzles improves one’s reasoning ability. B. Playing number games surprisingly boosts one’s memory. C. Having a desire for new experiences can help renew the brain. D. Learning new skills shouldn’t be limited to old dogs alone. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高一上·江西南昌市外国语学校·期中）Universities have boomed in recent decades. In theory, universities should be an excellent source of productivity growth. In practice, however, the great expansion of higher education has coincided with a productivity slowdown. A new paper by Ashish Arora and his colleagues, suggests that universities’ rapid growth and the rich world’s stagnant productivity could be two sides of the same coin. The new paper makes a subtle but devastating suggestion: that when it came to delivering productivity gains, the old, big-business model of science worked better than the new, university-led one. Broadly, they find that scientific breakthroughs from public institutions “elicit little or no response from established corporations” over a number of years. A researcher in a university lab might publish brilliant papers after brilliant paper, pushing the front of a discipline. Often, however, this has no impact on corporations’ own publications, their patents or the number of scientists that they employ. And this, in turn, points to a small impact on economy-wide productivity. Why do companies struggle to use ideas produced by universities? The loss of the corporate lab is one part of the answer. Such institutions were home to a lively mixture of thinkers and doers. In the 1940s Bell Labs had the interdisciplinary team of chemists, metallurgists and physicists necessary to solve the overlapping theoretical and practical problems associated with developing the transistor. That cross-cutting expertise is now largely gone. Another part of the answer concerns universities. Free from the demands of corporate overloads, research focuses more on satisfying geeks’ curiosity or boosting citation counts than on finding breakthroughs that will change the world or make money. In moderation, research for research’s sake is no bad thing; some breakthrough technologies, such as penicillin, were discovered almost by accident. But if everyone is arguing over how many angels dance on the head of a pin, the economy suffers. When higher-education institutions do produce work that is more relevant to the real world, the consequences are troubling. As universities produce more fresh PhD graduates, companies seem to find it easier to invent new stuff. Yet universities’ patents have an offsetting effect, provoking corporations to produce fewer patents themselves. It is possible that existing businesses, worried about competition from university spinoffs, cut back on research and development (R&D) in that field. Although no one knows for sure how these opposing effects balance out, the authors point to a net decline in corporate patenting of about 1.5% a year. The vast fiscal resources devoted to public science, in other words, probably make businesses across the rich world less innovative. Perhaps, with time, universities and the corporate sector will work together more profitably. And corporate researchers, rather than universities, are driving the current generative AI innovation boom: in a few cases, the corporate lab has already risen from the ashes. At some point, though, governments will need to ask themselves hard questions. In a world of weak economic growth, generous public support for universities may come to seem an unjustifiable luxury. 1.According to the text, Arora and his colleagues find that ________. A. universities have long been an important source of productivity growth B. universities’ scientific outputs don’t really impact established corporations C. university-led model of science is delivering fewer scientific breakthroughs D. big businesses are slow to absorb innovative ideas produced by universities 2.Bell Labs are mentioned in the text to ________. A. honor their key contributions to scientific development B. highlight a successful corporate-university partnership C. indicate the essential components of successful corporate labs D. mourn the bygone days of multidisciplinary corporate research 3.What does the word “offsetting” probably mean? A. weakening B. boosting C. stabilizing D. disrupting 4.Which of the following statements will the author most likely agree with? A. Universities should expand their collaboration with corporations. B. Universities should play a bigger role in developing generative AI. C. The government should put in effort to revive corporate labs. D. The government should reduce public support for universities. 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高一上·江西南昌东湖区南昌中学·期中）In recent years, the concept of “slow travel” has appeared as a reaction to the fast-paced, mass tourism that dominates (主宰) the industry. Slow travel encourages travelers to engage deeply with local cultures, stay longer in destinations, and form meaningful connections with local communities. One of the key principles of slow travel is to reduce environmental impact. By choosing to stay in locally-owned accommodations, eating at family-run restaurants, and using public transportation or bicycles, travelers can greatly decrease their carbon footprint. For instance, a study found that tourists who engage in slow travel produce up to 70% less greenhouse gas emissions compared to those on traditional package tours. Slow travel also allows for a deeper cultural understanding. Instead of rushing through tourist attractions, slow travelers take the time to participate in local traditions, learn about historical importance, and interact with locals. This not only enriches the travel experience but also provides economic benefits to local communities. In some rural areas, “slow travel” has helped preserve (保存) endangered crafts and save dying traditions. However, slow travel is not without challenges. It requires more planning and flexibility. As travelers need to research local customs, transportation options, and authentic (真实的) experiences. Additionally, slow travel may not be feasible for everyone due to time or budget (预算) limit. For busy professionals or families with limited vacation days, spending weeks in a single destination may seem unrealistic. Despite these challenges, the slow travel movement continues to grow. Travelers are becoming more aware of their environmental and cultural impact, and many are seeking more authentic and sustainable ways to explore the world. As a result, travel companies are starting to offer more slow-travel options, such as longer home-stays and cultural experience programs. 1.Which is the benefit of slow travel? A. It can save money on traveling. B. It can be more environmentally friendly. C. It can increase the income of travel companies. D. It can allow travelers to visit more places hurriedly. 2.What can we learn about slow travel from the third paragraph? A. It has little impact on local economies. B. It focuses on interactions with travelers. C. It discourages travelers from learning about history. D. It may contribute to the preservation of traditional crafts. 3.What does the underlined word “feasible” mean in this context? A. desirable B. affordable C. practical D. classical 4.What can be inferred about the future of slow travel? A. It will cost less as time passes. B. It will only be accessible to rich travelers. C. It may become more popular in the future. D. It will take the place of traditional tourism entirely. 主题语境03 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高一上·江西南昌东湖区南昌中学·期中）People send messages every day on social media. These online conversations can have a huge impact and shape how societies make decisions. However, there is a growing problem: Sometimes, people may not listen to each other and end up saying hurtful things. Would it be better if there were an advisor in online conversations? We tried to use artificial intelligence (AI) to carry out this task. So, we did an online experiment (实验) with pairs of people discussing a challenging topic. In the first group, one participant (参与者) in each pair had an AI helper. The AI tried to make sure the discussion was polite and respectful (尊敬的). It didn’t change the participant’s point of view, though! The participant could accept or refuse the suggestions or completely edit the message an AI helper offered. In the control group, the people had a conversation on the same topic but neither of the participants had an AI helper. After the discussions ended, the pairs shared their thoughts on how good the conversation was. In our study, the participants accepted the AI’s suggestions two-thirds of the time. When they used the AI’s suggestions, the messages became more positive and polite. Participants whose partners used the AI reported feeling better about the conversation. They were more willing to understand and respect each other, even if they still disagreed. The people who used the AI themselves didn’t report a huge change in how they felt about the conversation. However, they were more willing to respect the opinions of others! The results of our study show that AI did a good job of making online discussions more polite. But you don’t need a reminder to be respectful. Even in the vast digital world, each conversation matters. Your choice to be kind and respectful can make a big difference. It can promote a culture of healthy discussion and understanding. This is also true for real-life conversations. 1.What is the function of Paragraph 1? A. To offer a suggestion. B. To give a conclusion. C. To lead in the topic. D. To present a research finding. 2.What was the role of AI in the experiment? A. It made sure the conversation was more friendly. B. It provided new topics for discussions. C. It made participants disagree less. D. It changed participants’ opinions. 3.What did the participants whose partners used the AI report after the discussion? A. They found it harder to respect each other. B. They felt more positive about the conversation. C. They were more likely to disagree with their partners. D. They became more interested in the topic of discussion. 4.Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will AI Be the Future of Social Media? B. Can AI Help Reduce Real-life Arguments? C. Should AI Manage Our Online Conversations? D. Can AI Make Online Discussions More Polite? 主题语境04 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西省部分学校·期中）A recent study of 3,000 adults suggests that eating breakfast later in the morning as you get older could be connected to poorer health and a shorter life. Researchers followed the participants for about 22 years on average. During this time, participants reported their health, meal times and, in some cases, provided blood samples. Over time, the researchers noticed that over the years, people started eating breakfast and dinner later, and they also ate all their meals within a shorter time each day. The researchers found that on average, people in the study ate breakfast at around 8:20 a.m. However, those who ate breakfast closer to 9 a.m. or later were more likely to report health issues like feeling sad, low energy, and problems with their teeth. “These results give new meaning to the idea that breakfast is the most important meal of the day, especially for older adults,” said lead author Dr. Hassan Dashti, a nutrition expert. “Our study shows that changes in when older people eat, especially breakfast time, could be an easy way to check their overall health. Also, encouraging older adults to keep regular meal times could be part of wider plans to support healthy aging and a longer life.” This was an observational study, so it does not prove that eating breakfast later causes health problems or early death. It only suggests there might be a connection. In fact, the researchers found that people who were naturally “night owls” — those who wake up and go to bed later — also tended to eat their meals later in the day. The researchers said their findings were of great importance given the growing popularity of intermittent fasting (间歇性禁食), where people choose to fast for longer periods on purpose and often, as a result, end up eating breakfast later in the day. “Later meal timing, especially delaying breakfast, is tied to both health problems and higher risk of death in older adults,” said Dashti. 1.What did the researchers find in their study? A. People don’t eat a regular breakfast. B. Later breakfast is linked to health risks. C. Breakfast time has no effect on health. D. Eating less breakfast is good for the old. 2.What did Dr. Dashti advise older adults to do? A. Think highly of a longer life. B. Keep regular meal times daily. C. Eat breakfast for a shorter time. D. Have their health checked monthly. 3.What might be the disadvantage of the study? A. It didn’t prove a direct cause. B. It lasted for a very long time. C. It only focused on young adults. D. It didn’t consider those night owls. 4.Why did the researchers think their findings were important? A. An eating habit is affecting people. B. Many people forget breakfast for work. C. Health problems are being ignored. D. Older adults are suffering from their diet. Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西鹰潭余江区第一中学·期中）Since William Schnider got his first cellphone in sixth grade, it has become a big part of his life. During the day, he keeps it in his right pocket, and at night, it’s within arm’s reach. He doesn’t often make calls; instead, he chats on social media and sends texts. So when the 17-year-old senior at Van Nuys High School heard that cellphones would be banned (禁止) in L. A. public schools, he doubted this decision. “I don’t see how it will work or if it’s fair. Is this really needed?” he asked. However, after the astonishment wore off, some teens began to realize that they might be addicted to social media and phones. They wondered if too much screen time and worry about getting “likes” were harmful. The Board of Education decided to ban cellphones by January 2025 to change the behavior of students. This move holds great importance, especially since students were forced to go to class online - many by phone - more than four years ago. School leaders believe that this ban will lessen classroom distractions (分神) that hurt learning and reduce social media dependency. They think that a strict ban can encourage direct communication among students and teachers. William understands the reasoning behind the ban. He knows phones can be distracting, especially when students focus on social media rather than real-life conversations. He’s caught himself repeatedly checking how many people liked a story he posted recently of him and a friend on an outing. For Angelica Zamora-Reyes, 17, a senior at Downtown Magnets High School, the ban can’t come soon enough. She has experienced the downsides of phones. Despite using her phone for good, like keeping in touch with family, she also recognizes the problems, such as comparing their clothes, weight and likes on social media. In general, the idea of banning cellphones creates debate, and many students see both good and bad points. 1.What can be learned about William from paragraph 1? A. He is glued to his phone. B. He is a sixth grader now. C. He prefers to write letters. D. He often makes phone calls. 2.What does the underlined word “astonishment” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Creativity. B. Surprise. C. Discussion. D. Interest. 3.What do school leaders hope to achieve by applying the ban? A. Teachers will care more about students. B. Every classroom will get clean and tidy. C. Students will break free from cellphones. D. Parents will speak in support of the rule. 4.What is Angelica’s opinion about the ban? A. It’ll force her to lose weight. B. She welcomes the decision. C. It’ll benefit service providers. D. She is against the new rule. 主题语境05 人与自然-环境 （25-26高一上·江西省部分学校·期中）A dozen children play at a family fishing camp on a beach of Isla Partida, off Mexico’s Baja California. Fathers and uncles sit in the shade, fixing fishing nets. These men are the fourth generation to make a living by catching fish, including sharks. Most of them hope their children will not follow in their footsteps. Paloma, 15, wears a T-shirt with a picture of a hammerhead shark （锤头鲨）, the logo of a local conservation group called Pelagios Kakunja. Paloma wants to be a marine biologist when she grows up. Her parents support her dream. Nowadays, it takes more time and fuel to find sharks, so fishing does not bring much money. Now, her father hopes to get paid to study sharks instead of killing them. Her family is part of a project run by Pelagios Kakunja. The group plans to train 30 fishers in Baja California as field technicians, who will drive a boat to look for sharks, take blood and tissue samples from the sharks, and use underwater cameras to record videos. One shark they’re looking for is the scalloped hammerhead. In the 1980s and 1990s, there were hammerheads everywhere. Unluckily, the number of the scalloped hammerhead began to collapse quickly in Baja. By 2012, there was nearly nothing left. Overfishing, they concluded, was the main reason. Soon, Mexico made shark fishing illegal from May to July, which helps protect sharks during their breeding season. And sharks are starting to come back. Last year, researchers caught and tagged a young hammerhead for the first time in Cabo Pulmo National Park. This is a protected ocean area near the southern end of Baja California. More fishers are also joining the ecotourism industry. Baja is a famous place for swimming with or watching blue sharks and white sharks. Shark-related tourism brings in over $300 million each year around the world, and this number is likely to double in the next 20 years. 1.Why does the author introduce Paloma in the beginning? A. To describe her family life. B. To show a changing tradition. C. To explain why people love sharks. D. To praise a conservation group. 2.What do we know about Pelagios Kakunja from the text? A. It sells T-shirts to tourists. B. It helps fishers make money quickly. C. It trains fishers to protect sharks. D. It teaches fishers to catch more sharks. 3.What does the underlined word “collapse” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Increase rapidly. B. Change slowly. C. Remain similarly. D. Drop suddenly. 4.What does the author want to say in the last paragraph? A. Fishing is still the best job. B. Sharks are too dangerous. C. Protecting sharks brings advantages. D. Tourism is harming the ocean. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西南昌市外国语学校·期中）“Inspector Sands to the control room, please.” If you ever hear that at a British train station, don’t panic. But you might appreciate knowing that this is a codeword meant to inform staff that there is an emergency somewhere in the building. The idea is to avoid causing alarm among commuters (通勤者), but still get the message out to those trained to deal with the problem. The subject of secret codewords like this was raised this week on Reddit, and the discussion has attracted thousands of examples. But what codewords and signs are really out there in the wild? A good place to start is hospital emergency codes. These are often colour-coded, and one health centre in Canada has published its list online. “Code red” announces a fire, “code white” indicates a violent person while “code black” means a bomb threat is active. It’s been reported that hospital staff sometimes refer to the morgue as “Rose Cottage”, in order to avoid upsetting relatives of a patient who has recently died. “I can see very good reasons for having these codes,” says Paul Baker, a linguist at the University of Lancaster. “It may be that people are unsure when they’re giving the code so there’s no point upsetting members of the public.” Not all codes are alphanumeric (字母数字的). Some are visual, intended to be hidden in plain sight. As BBC Future discovered earlier this year, many banknotes feature a specific pattern of dots placed there to prevent people from photocopying money. Many copiers and scanners are programmed to spot it. And finally, the spray-painted squiggles (波形曲线) you see on pavements in towns and cities all over the world are codes understood by construction workers and engineers. For example, in UK, different colours are related to different types of cable or pipe. Blue meant a water system while yellow indicated gas lines and green labelled CCTV or data wiring. All of these codes have a purpose — to avoid causing panic, to transmit subtle signals in social groups, or to provide technical information quickly and easily. “People don’t like secrets, do they?” says Baker. “There is a drive to have as much information as possible — we do live in the information age,” he adds. 1.The following are purposes of the secret codes except ________. A. to avoid causing alarm and panic among the public. B. to send sensitive signals in social groups. C. to provide technical information quickly and easily. D. to make people believe you are wiser. 2.The underlined word “morgue” in paragraph 3 refers to the room in a hospital ______. A. where patients are treated B. where dead bodies are kept C. where a patient has an operation D. where a surgeon cuts open the patients’ bodies 3.How many kinds of secret codes are mentioned in the passage? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 4.Which of the following could be the best title of the passage? A. The secret codes you are not meant to know B. Where to find the codes C. The origin of different codes D. Codes in the modern society 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. B　4. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些在特殊场合所使用的密码。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“All of these codes have a purpose — to avoid causing panic, to transmit subtle signals in social groups, or to provide technical information quickly and easily. (所有这些密码都有一个目的——避免引起恐慌，在社会群体中传递微妙的信号，或者快速而容易地提供技术信息)”可知，选项A、B、C都是密码的目的，除了选项D“让人们相信你更聪明”。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“It’s been reported that hospital staff sometimes refer to the morgue as “Rose Cottage”, in order to avoid upsetting relatives of a patient who has recently died. (据报道，医院工作人员有时会把morgue称为“玫瑰小屋”，以避免让最近去世的病人的亲属感到不安)”，由照顾死者亲属的情绪可知，划线词morgue指的是“医院内停放尸体的房间”。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“A good place to start is hospital emergency codes. These are often colour-coded, and one health centre in Canada has published its list online. (一个很好的开始是医院的紧急密码。这些通常是用颜色编码的，加拿大的一个健康中心已经在网上公布了它的清单)”，第五段中“Not all codes are alphanumeric (字母数字的). Some are visual, intended to be hidden in plain sight. (并不是所有的密码都是字母数字的。有些是视觉上的，故意隐藏在显而易见的地方)”和倒数第二段中“And finally, the spray-painted squiggles (波形曲线) you see on pavements in towns and cities all over the world are codes understood by construction workers and engineers. (所有这些密码都有一个目的——避免引起恐慌，在社会群体中传递微妙的信号，或者快速而容易地提供技术信息)”可知，文章中总共提到了3种类型的密码：color code，visual code，spray-painted squiggles。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“but still get the message out to those trained to deal with the problem (但仍然会让那些受过训练的人知道如何处理这个问题)”，第二段中“But what codewords and signs are really out there in the wild? (但是，究竟有哪些编码和符号是真正存在于野外的呢)” 以及下文描述了color code，visual code和spray-painted squiggles这3种类型的密码，可知，本文主要介绍了一些在特殊场合所使用的密码，因此本文的最佳标题选项A“那些你不应该知道的密码”符合题意。故选A项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西吉安第一中学·期中）Many of us may have experienced the pleasant moment of seeing recommended songs after we listened to some songs on a music app. When we open shopping websites, we often see things we want to buy on the home page. The businessman can decide which is the best place to build a new entrance in a big supermarket in the city center. If you want to take a taxi on a taxi app, it can even guess where you want to go before you tell it! Aren’t these things amazing? Those are all based on data (数据). Data is no longer only about numbers, but information from almost every side of our lives: our shopping habits, interests or what we eat. All of this is called “big data”. China is speeding up its big data strategy to better serve social and economic development. As a result, people’s lives can be improved as well. It is also expected that there will be greater use of big data in areas like education, social safety and transportation. We have seen big data being used more often in China in the past few years. The role it plays in tourism is just one example. Many travelers today like to share their experiences with others on the Internet. All the data that travelers share online is helping the tourism industry get a lot of information. After the data is analyzed (分析), these tour sights and service providers can better understand travelers’ needs. In this way, services will be improved, which is helpful to the development of the whole industry. As a result, travelers can expect better tours in the future. Moreover, big data is also an important growth tool for economic development. With growth rate of 30 percent every year, sales of big data industry in China will reach one trillion yuan yearly by 2030. Having so many good influences, big data is sure to be seen more and more in China. 1.According to Paragraph 1, big data can help people ________. A. take a taxi without paying for it. B. design home pages for websites. C. make better decisions in business. D. buy songs from a music app. 2.Why does the author mention our shopping habits and interests in Paragraph 2? A. To show shopping habits and interests influence our lives. B. To prove that big data is now part of almost everything we do. C. To prove that big data only has information about what we buy and eat. D. To show that China’s plan for big data is mainly about changing shopping habits. 3.Which of the following words can describe the writer’s feeling towards big data? A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Bored. 4.What can be the best title for the passage? A. Big Data Brings Good Music. B. Tourism Gets Help from Big Data. C. Sales of Big Data Industry in China. D. Big Data Influences China positively. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大数据在中国的发展及其带来的积极影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The businessman can decide which is the best place to build a new entrance in a big supermarket in the city center. (商人可以决定在市中心的大型超市里哪个地方是建造新入口的最佳地点。)”可知，大数据可以帮助人们在商业中做出更好的决策。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Data is no longer only about numbers, but information from almost every side of our lives: our shopping habits, interests or what we eat. All of this is called ‘big data’. (数据不再仅仅是数字，而是来自我们生活几乎各个方面的信息：我们的购物习惯、兴趣或我们吃什么。所有这些都被称为“大数据”。)”可知，作者提到我们的购物习惯和兴趣是为了证明大数据现在几乎是我们所做一切的一部分。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Having so many good influences, big data is sure to be seen more and more in China. (大数据有这么多好的影响，在中国肯定会越来越多地被看到。)”可知，作者对大数据的态度是积极的。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“China is speeding up its big data strategy to better serve social and economic development. As a result, people’s lives can be improved as well. (中国正在加快其大数据战略，以更好地服务社会和经济发展。因此，人们的生活也可以得到改善。)”以及最后一段中的“Having so many good influences, big data is sure to be seen more and more in China. (大数据有这么多好的影响，在中国肯定会越来越多地被看到。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了大数据在中国的发展及其带来的积极影响，所以“Big Data Influences China positively (大数据对中国产生积极影响)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西省部分学校·期中）AI is becoming increasingly popular in society. A recent report from Common Sense Media shows that while young people know the possible uses of AI tools, they may not fully understand the hidden dangers. So it is important for parents to talk with their teens about AI. Today teens use AI most often for homework (53%). They also use it to help with school tasks, and 46% of them report doing so without the teacher’s permission (许可). What’s more, they use it to fight boredom (42%) and to translate something from one language into another (41%). They may even use AI to create a joke, plan activities, and get health advice. “It’s important to find out how exactly AI is helping teens,” says Arman Jaffer, an AI education expert. “One thing educators and parents have noticed is that AI can be the best for learning when it centers on the learning process (过程), not the result. Rather than asking ChatGPT for an answer or to write a complete paper, it can work better if it’s used to provide ideas, give suggestions, or help with study.” “As AI is being applied more widely in the classroom, it is very important to make sure students are being properly educated on AI, so they are prepared for a world where AI is in everything they do,” says Leticia Barr, a computer science teacher. “Knowing how AI is present in their lives, the way it works, and how to best use AI tools for educational advantages is more important than stopping it.” The best thing parents can do is check in with their children — be the ones who actively take part in the learning process. They are never able to go faster than computer programmers and AI, but they can play an important role in their children’s learning and support the difficult work teachers do every day. 1.What can be learned from paragraph 2? A. Boredom is common among teens. B. Students use AI for different purposes. C. Homework is too difficult for teens to deal with. D. Teachers should pay more attention to students ’needs. 2.What does Arman Jaffer suggest about using AI? A. Avoiding it in writing. B. Getting parents’ permission first. C. Asking it to present the result directly. D. Finding how to solve problems with it. 3.What is Leticia Barr’s attitude towards AI use? A. Supportive. B. Uncaring. C. Unclear. D. Doubtful. 4.How should parents face the AI challenge? A. By joining in their children’s learning journey. B. By signing up for computer education courses. C. By keeping up with the latest advances in AI. D. By getting some help from the school teachers. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍青少年AI使用现状、专家对AI教育的建议及家长应如何引导孩子合理使用AI。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Today teens use AI most often for homework (53%). They also use it to help with school tasks, and 46% of them report doing so without the teacher’s permission (许可). What’s more, they use it to fight boredom (42%) and to translate something from one language into another (41%). They may even use AI to create a joke, plan activities, and get health advice.(如今，青少年使用人工智能最常见的用途是完成作业（占比 53%）。他们还会用它辅助完成学校任务，其中 46% 的青少年表示这种使用并未获得老师许可。此外，42% 的青少年用它缓解无聊，41% 的人用它进行语言翻译。他们甚至可能借助人工智能创作笑话、规划活动，或是获取健康建议。)”可知，青少年使用AI的用途多样，涵盖学习、娱乐、生活等多个方面，故选B项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One thing educators and parents have noticed is that AI can be the best for learning when it centers on the learning process (过程), not the result. Rather than asking ChatGPT for an answer or to write a complete paper, it can work better if it’s used to provide ideas, give suggestions, or help with study.(教育工作者和家长注意到，当AI以学习过程为核心而非结果时，它对学习最有帮助。与其让ChatGPT直接给出答案或撰写完整论文，不如用它提供思路、给出建议或辅助学习，这样效果更好。)”可知，Arman Jaffer建议AI应服务于学习过程，帮助学生掌握解决问题的方法，而非直接获取结果。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As AI is being applied more widely in the classroom, it is very important to make sure students are being properly educated on AI... Knowing how AI is present in their lives, the way it works, and how to best use AI tools for educational advantages is more important than stopping it.(随着AI在课堂上的应用越来越广泛，确保学生接受正确的AI教育至关重要……了解AI在生活中的存在形式、工作原理以及如何充分利用AI工具获取教育优势，比阻止它更重要。)”可知，Leticia Barr认为AI在课堂中应用广泛，应通过教育引导学生合理使用。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The best thing parents can do is check in with their children—be the ones who actively take part in the learning process.(父母能做的最好的事情就是关注孩子，积极参与到他们的学习过程中。)”可知，家长应通过参与孩子的学习之旅来应对AI带来的挑战。故选A项。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西鹰潭余江区第一中学·期中）If you’ve ever played on a sports team or been to gym class, you probably know the practice. First, you do some warm-ups. Then you stretch (拉伸). Exercises and activities follow. At the end of the exercise, you do more stretches. For years, coaches and gym teachers have believed that stretching helps athletes perform better, and suffer fewer injuries. From the health club to the football field, everywhere you look, people stretch. Now research suggests that stretching may not do your body as much good as people thought. After reviewing more than 350 scientific studies, researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that stretching may not cut the chance of injury. “There is not enough evidence (证据) to show that stretching is effective,” says Stephen Thacker, director of the CDC’s epidemiology program in Atlanta, Ga. “Certain athletes stretch all the time, but they’re the ones who are more likely to get hurt.” Thacker points to professional baseball players as an example. They all do stretches before a game. Yet baseball players have one of the highest rates of injury in any sport. To understand why stretching may be a bad idea, it helps to know how muscles (肌肉) work. It all starts with orders from the brain. Special cells called neurons carry electrical messages from the brain through the nervous system to the muscles you want to activate. As soon as the messages get to their targets, the muscles react. When you stretch, you lengthen muscle fibers. It then takes longer for messages from the brain to travel through them. Stretching before you exercise is particularly risky, experts say. Instead of stretching before an activity, they recommend warming up by starting slowly to get blood and oxygen flowing to your muscles. 1.What is the common belief about stretching among coaches and gym teachers? A. It improves performance. B. It should be avoided in matches. C. It is only useful for athletes. D. It may increase the risk of injuries. 2.What does Thacker want to explain by mentioning professional baseball players? A. The downside of stretching. B. The purpose of the CDC’s study. C. The value of the group game. D. The necessity of doing warm-ups. 3.What do experts recommend for warming up before exercise? A. Focusing on your thoughts. B. Stretching as much as possible. C. Following the coach’s order. D. Starting with slow movements. 4.Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. How Can We Pick an Activity? B. Is Warming up Necessary for Us? C. Why Do Athletes Do Stretches? D. Does Stretching Help Workouts? 【答案】1. A　2. A　3. D　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了拉伸在运动中的作用及其对运动员表现和受伤风险的影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“For years, coaches and gym teachers have believed that stretching helps athletes perform better, and suffer fewer injuries.(多年来，教练和体育老师一直认为拉伸有助于运动员表现得更好，并减少受伤)”可知，教练和体育老师普遍认为拉伸有助于提高表现。故选A。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“Thacker points to professional baseball players as an example. They all do stretches before a game. Yet baseball players have one of the highest rates of injury in any sport.(Thacker以职业棒球运动员为例。他们在比赛前都会做拉伸。然而，棒球运动员的受伤率在所有运动中是最高的之一)”可知，Thacker通过职业棒球运动员的例子来说明拉伸的负面影响。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Instead of stretching before an activity, they recommend warming up by starting slowly to get blood and oxygen flowing to your muscles.(他们建议在活动前不要拉伸，而是通过缓慢开始热身来让血液和氧气流向肌肉)”可知，专家建议通过缓慢活动开始热身来让血液和氧气流向肌肉。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第三段“Now research suggests that stretching may not do your body as much good as people thought. After reviewing more than 350 scientific studies, researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that stretching may not cut the chance of injury. (现在研究表明，伸展运动对身体的好处可能没有人们想象的那么多。美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的研究人员在回顾了350多项科学研究后发现，拉伸运动可能不会减少受伤的机会)”可知，文章主要讨论了拉伸是否有助于运动表现和减少受伤风险。所以短文的标题为“拉伸运动有助于锻炼吗？”。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西吉安第一中学·期中）Being bored (无聊的) is no fun, especially at work. There’s nothing worse than finding yourself bored in your office on a Monday morning and realize there’s still four and a half more days to the weekend. But a new research done by Australian National University argues that while boredom is certainly boring, it isn’t all bad. This bored mental state can actually spark (引发) precious creativity. The study asked 52 subjects (实验对象) to do a boring job: Sort apart a bowl of red and green beans with just one hand for 30 minutes. Meanwhile, 49 other subjects — the control group — were instructed to create art projects with paper, beans, and glue. Once the 30 minutes was over, each group was asked to spend five minutes on a creative task:they had to come up with reasons why a hypothetical (假设的) person was two hours late for a meeting. The researchers found that the bored group came up with not just more ideas but more creative ideas than the control group. The research found that although some previous research shows boredom can make people dissatisfied at a job, boredom didn’t produce unwanted feelings that could be detrimental to mental health. In this case, people who were bored were just bored, and they walked away with a benefit of creativity. “Boredom is not miserable and harmful based on my research,” says the study’s lead author, Guihyun Park. “People want to get out of a boring state, so they are induced to novelty-seeking (追求新奇的) unique thinking, which brings out creativity.” 1.What can we know about the 52 subjects? A. They often felt very bored. B. They were required to sort beans. C. They always thought of weekends. D. They were asked to do creative work. 2.What can we learn from the third paragraph? A. Bored people are often late for a meeting. B. The bored group was as creative as the control group. C. The two groups did different tasks to test their creativity. D. Bored people could work better than those who were not. 3.What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Valuable. B. Harmful. C. Effective. D. Helpful. 4.What is the passage mainly about? A. How to avoid boredom at work. B. Different ways to complete creative tasks. C. A study on the positive effect of boredom. D. The harm of boredom to work satisfaction. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍澳大利亚一项研究发现无聊虽无趣，但能激发珍贵创造力且无明显心理健康危害。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study asked 52 subjects (实验对象) to do a boring job: Sort apart a bowl of red and green beans with just one hand for 30 minutes.(该研究要求52名实验对象做一项无聊的工作：只用一只手将一碗红绿豆分拣开，持续30分钟)”可知，这52名实验对象被要求完成分拣豆子的无聊任务。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Once the 30 minutes was over, each group was asked to spend five minutes on a creative task:they had to come up with reasons why a hypothetical (假设的) person was two hours late for a meeting. The researchers found that the bored group came up with not just more ideas but more creative ideas than the control group.(30分钟结束后，每组都被要求花 5 分钟完成一项创造性任务：他们必须想出一个假设的人开会迟到两小时的原因。研究人员发现，感到无聊的这一组不仅想出的点子更多，而且比对照组的点子更有创意)”可知，感到无聊的人（无聊组）比不感到无聊的人（对照组）在创造性任务上表现更好。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The research found that although some previous research shows boredom can make people dissatisfied at a job, boredom didn’t produce unwanted feelings that could be detrimental to mental health.(该研究发现，尽管此前一些研究表明无聊会让人对工作不满，但无聊并未产生可能对心理健康有害的不良情绪)”可知，detrimental所在句通过转折强调无聊没有带来对心理健康不利的情绪，结合unwanted feelings（不良情绪）的语境，可推测该词意为“有害的”，与harmful同义。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“But a new research done by Australian National University argues that while boredom is certainly boring, it isn’t all bad. This bored mental state can actually spark (引发) precious creativity.(但澳大利亚国立大学的一项新研究认为，虽然无聊确实令人厌烦，但也并非一无是处。这种无聊的精神状态实际上能激发珍贵的创造力)”及后续对研究过程和结论的阐述可知，本文核心是介绍一项关于无聊具有积极影响（激发创造力）的研究。故选C项。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西省部分学校·期中）Why do our brains make some memories (记忆) so unforgettable, and let others go away? A new study has found a possible answer, suggesting that memories of common moments are given extra sticking power if they become connected to something surprising, interesting, or carry a strong feeling. In their paper, the researchers describe such a picture: someone is hiking through Yellowstone National Park and they come across a group of wild cows. The “wow” moment, they discovered, not just keeps the experience itself in the mind, but lots of little, more common events leading up to and away from it: a rock noticed on the path, a small animal moving quickly into the plants…are also remembered. The latest project, which included 650 subjects (实验对象),10 studies done before, and the use of AI to study a broader set of data (数据), is the first to show that memory improvement does happen. One big difference from past studies: the researchers found the brain uses a special standard to decide which memories to keep. During the experiment, the subjects were shown lots of pictures and then given a surprise memory test the next day. With things that happened after an event, the strength of memory seemed to consist in the emotional (情感的) influence of the big moment itself — the more lasting the noticeable event, the more possibly everything after it was to be remembered. However, that didn’t apply when the memories reach back to the things that happened before the event. In fact, the memories were more likely to be strengthened if they had similarities — like a matching color — that connected them to the important moment. The discovery has broad meanings in practice. In education, pairing emotionally strong materials with difficult-to-master ideas could help students understand them more easily and keep them in the memory for a longer time. In a hospital, doctors could help people save some memories that are weak but deeply hidden in their mind because of aging. 1.Why is Yellowstone National Park mentioned? A. To offer some background information of the study. B. To list the most popular travel attraction in America. C. To prove the role special places play in strengthening memories. D. To present a real-life situation that helps explain the research finding. 2.What is a finding of the study? A. Staying outdoors improves one’s memory. B. AI tools are important for studying memory. C. Our brain actively chooses what to remember. D. The best way to test memory is a surprise test. 3.What do the underlined words “consist in” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Result in. B. Depend on. C. Make up. D. Stand for. 4.What is the main idea of the text? A. The secret behind the formation of memories. B. How daily happenings influence people’s feelings. C. The reasons why certain memories are unforgettable. D. How to improve memory in education and hospital settings. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项新研究揭示的难忘记忆形成原因，即普通时刻与特殊事件关联时记忆会更深刻。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A new study has found a possible answer, suggesting that memories of common moments are given extra sticking power if they become connected to something surprising, interesting, or carry a strong feeling.(一项新研究找到了一个可能的答案：若普通时刻的记忆与令人意外、有趣的事物相关联，或承载着强烈情感，就会获得额外的持久性。)”以及第二段中的“In their paper, the researchers describe such a picture: someone are hiking through Yellowstone National Park and they come across a group of wild cows. The “wow” moment, they discovered, not just keeps the experience itself in the mind, but lots of little, more common events leading up to and away from it: a rock noticed on the path, a small animal moving quickly into the plants…are also remembered.(研究人员在论文中描述了这样一个场景：有人在黄石国家公园徒步旅行时，偶遇了一群野牛。他们发现，这个 “哇” 的惊喜时刻，不仅会让这段经历本身铭记于心，还会让许多在其前后发生的微小而普通的事件 —— 比如在路上留意到的一块石头、一只迅速钻进草丛的小动物……也一同被记住。)”可知，提及黄石国家公园是为了呈现一个真实生活场景，具象化“特殊时刻关联普通事件增强记忆”的研究发现，帮助读者理解核心观点。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One big difference from past studies: the researchers found the brain uses a special standard to decide which memories to keep.(与过去研究的一个重大不同之处是：研究人员发现大脑会使用一个特殊标准来决定保留哪些记忆。)”可知，研究发现大脑会主动选择要记住的内容。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“the strength of memory seemed to consist in the emotional influence of the big moment itself—the more lasting the noticeable event, the more possibly everything after it was to be remembered.(记忆的强度似乎consist in重大时刻本身的情感影响——这个引人注目的事件越持久，之后的所有事情就越有可能被记住。)”可知，“重大事件的情感影响”与“记忆强度”存在因果关联，即记忆强度取决于情感影响的大小，因此“consist in”应意为“取决于”。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段开篇提出核心问题“Why do our brains make some memories so unforgettable, and let others go away?(为什么我们的大脑会让一些记忆如此难忘，而让另一些消失？)”，后文围绕这一问题展开，介绍研究过程、关键发现（普通时刻与特殊事件/情感关联增强记忆）及实际应用。所以短文主要关于某些记忆难忘的原因。故选C项。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江西宜春丰城市第九中学·期中）In Frozen II, the ice queen Elsa returns with her magical control over snow and ice. Snowflakes (雪花) fall from her fingertips and she can use ice to fight fire. How closely does Elsa's icy touch approach reality? Elsa isn't alone in building with ice. In our world, designers can make fantastic structures from ice, too. Obviously, ice melts (融化) when it 's warm. Melting aside, Elsa's palace still might not be all that strong— structurally anyway. Ice is brittle. "If you're trying to construct a large building, it'd be very hard to get ice to hold a lot of weight,” explains Kenneth Libbrecht, a physicist at the California Institute of Technology. A small igloo, a small round house built from hard snow, would last longer. Elsa probably should have a spare igloo. Her palace looks to be a single crystal (结晶体) and a crystal of ice is weaker in some directions than others. But in an igloo, each block has thousands of tiny ice crystals in it, each turned a different way. So, no one direction would be weak, as it likely would be in this palace. "Elsa could strengthen her palace by adding a second material— kind of like the corn in cookies,” Kenneth Libbrecht said. That still inspires some designers, including Arno Pronk from the Eindhoven University of Technology. His team builds structures with ice mixtures. Because the materials are cheap and the structures are short-term, you can do a lot of experiments, he says. "If you strengthen ice with materials like wood pieces or paper, it becomes stronger,” Pronk notes. Besides, other scientists are thinking about making other ice structures. These researchers are figuring out what it might take to build ice homes on Mars for human explorers. Ice walls might even help protect astronauts from harmful lights, improving safety and creating livable environments for long-term missions on Mars. "Though still only a concept, our ice home is not science fiction,” says Sheila Thibeault, a physicist from NASA. "The current idea is to cover the ice in plastic. This would help give the ice some structure,” she adds. 1.Why is Elsa's ice magic in Frozen II mentioned? A. To remind us of the power of snow. B. To connect to real-world applications. C. To compare fantasy with physics rules. D. To stress the structural limitations of ice. 2.What does the underlined word "brittle” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Hard B. Smooth C. Variable. D. Breakable. 3.Why is an igloo recommended to Elsa? A. Its round shape prevents heat loss. B. It shows similarity to the crystal shape. C. It offers convenience with many directions. D. Its multi-crystal structure better spreads stress. 4.What is the possible benefit of building ice homes on Mars? A. Providing shelter for humans. B. Reducing construction waste. C. Allowing for quick settlement. D. Helping collect solar power. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章由《冰雪奇缘 2》艾莎的冰魔法引入，探讨冰的建筑特性，提及加固冰结构的方法，还介绍科学家研究在火星建冰屋为宇航员提供庇护。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“How closely does Elsa’s icy touch approach reality? Elsa isn’t alone in building with ice. In our world, designers can make fantastic structures from ice, too. (艾莎的冰雪魔力与现实有多接近？并非只有艾莎能用冰建造东西。在我们的世界里，设计师也能用冰打造奇妙的建筑。)”可知，提及《冰雪奇缘 2》中艾莎的冰魔法，是为了自然过渡到现实世界中冰在建筑领域的应用，建立奇幻与现实的关联。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段““If you’re trying to construct a large building, it’d be very hard to get ice to hold a lot of weight,” explains Kenneth Libbrecht, a physicist at the California Institute of Technology.(加州理工学院的物理学家肯尼斯・利布雷希特解释道：“如果你想建造一座大型建筑，很难让冰承受住巨大的重量。”)”可知，冰难以承受重量，说明其“易碎”。由此可推测brittle意为“易碎的”，与D项“Breakable”一致。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Elsa probably should have a spare igloo. Her palace looks to be a single crystal (结晶体) and a crystal of ice is weaker in some directions than others. But in an igloo, each block has thousands of tiny ice crystals in it, each turned a different way. So, no one direction would be weak, as it likely would be in this palace.(艾尔莎或许该备一座备用冰屋。她的宫殿看似是一整块冰晶，而冰晶在某些方向上的强度会弱于其他方向。但冰屋的每一块冰砖里，都包含数千个微小冰晶，且每个冰晶的朝向各不相同。因此，冰屋不会像这座宫殿那样，存在某个脆弱的方向。)”可知，推荐冰屋是因为其多晶体结构能更好地分散压力，避免单一方向脆弱。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段“These researchers are figuring out what it might take to build ice homes on Mars for human explorers. Ice walls might even help protect astronauts from harmful lights, improving safety and creating livable environments for long-term missions on Mars. (这些研究人员正在研究如何为人类探险家在火星上建造冰屋。冰墙甚至可能帮助保护宇航员免受有害光线的伤害，提高安全性，并为火星上的长期任务创造宜居环境。)”可知，在火星建造冰屋的潜在好处是为人类（宇航员）提供庇护所。故选A项。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高一上·江西南昌第二中学·期中）A sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle eventually does harm to health but breaking out of long inactivity can be discouraging. Now, however, there may be a simple way to ease into more activity. A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. “It’s quite simple, but it’s not an idea that’s out there,” says University of Sydney exercise scientist Emmanuel Stamatakis who led the research. “Many people, including many health professionals, still think of physical activity as something that you do during your free time, and you need to go somewhere to do it.” Stamatakis and his colleagues, on the other hand, wanted to understand if daily life activities done somewhat vigorously in short bouts could also provide health benefits compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle. To study this, his team used data from nearly 25,000 adults who were non-exercisers. Without these data, it was almost impossible to continue the study. Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. The team found that people who did at least four one-to-two-minute high intensity physical activities every day had a nearly 40 percent less risk of dying from cancer and a roughly 49 percent over chance of dying from a cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” 1.What did the recent study find? A. An inactive lifestyle is harmful but hard to change B. Daily short but intense activities do good to health. C. Doing daily housework is also a kind of exercise D. More physical exercises can make you more active. 2.What does the underlined word “vigorously” most probably mean? A. Continuously. B. Energetically. C. Regularly. D. Creatively. 3.Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 5? A. Research purposes. B. Research limitations. C. Research methods. D. Research findings. 4.What would Stamatakis suggest? A. Carrying out more short bouts of intense activity. B. Avoiding movement of light intensity. C. Doing only 8 minutes intense activity every day. D. Going to exercise at fixed time and place. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明短时间高强度的活动有益健康。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. (最近的一项研究表明，每天进行短暂但高强度的活动（比如爬楼梯、搬运重物或者加快家务劳动的节奏）能够带来诸多健康益处。)”可知，最近的研究表明，短时间高强度的活动有益健康的。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。done somewhat vigorously in short bouts在句中作后置定语修饰daily life activities，根据后面“compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle (与久坐或不太活跃的生活方式相比)”可推测，划线词应该和less active意思相反，应该是“高强度地，剧烈地”的意思。故选B。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. (在为期七天的时间里，他们利用机器学习工具来判断一个人是在静坐、站立、行走，还是在进行诸如跑步之类的高强度活动，每次判断的时间段为10秒。研究人员还将任何活动分为轻度、中度或高强度。随后，在接下来的七年里，他们记录了哪些研究参与者去世了，以及导致死亡的原因。)”可知，本段主要讲到了研究过程中的数据收集及分析方法。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” (斯塔马塔基斯表示，这种高强度活动的次数越多，就越能有效降低死亡风险，“次数越多，效果越好。”)”可知，Stamatakis认为短时间高强度的活动有益健康，降低死亡风险，他建议多做这样的活动，越多越好。故选A。 主题语境04 人与自然-环境 （25-26高一上·江西多校联考·期中）If you fill a glass of water, buy a bottle of water, or even draw water from a well, there’s a good chance you’re drinking little pieces of plastic particles — microplastics (微塑料), which are smaller than 5 millimeters in size. A growing number of studies have found these little particles in drinking water sources around the world, and scientists are now studying the possible risks that affect human health. Most microplastics are little pieces that break off from plastic bottles, food bottles, and plastic bags as they age and wear down. And some microplastics come from clothing; when we wash clothes with microplastics, microplastics fall off and end up in polluted water systems. These microplastics then make their way into rivers, lakes, oceans, and even groundwater. Scientists are still learning about how microplastics affect human health. In laboratory tests, microplastics have been shown to cause damage to liver cells (肝细胞) and the function of stomach in animals. But it’s unclear exactly how many microplastics humans take in, or what long-term effects this intake might have. “We know microplastics are in our bodies, but we don’t yet know if they’re causing harm,” said Dr. Miller, a specialist at the University of California. To address the problem of more microplastics entering into our bodies, scientists are working on better filtration (过滤) technologies. Some new water filters can catch microplastics as small as 0.1 micrometers. Some governments recently passed some laws requiring water companies to test for microplastics and reduce their levels. However, technology and laws alone are not enough. The solution also lies in our daily choices. As Dr. Miller puts it: “We can’t undo the microplastics that are already in our water, but we can take steps to stop more from getting there. It’s a problem we can solve if we work together.” 1.What can we know about microplastics from paragraph 1? A. They are found in various water sources. B. They are mainly from underground water. C. They are proven harmful to human health. D. They are less than 5 millimeters in length. 2.What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Microplastics’ varieties. B. Microplastics’ sources. C. Microplastics’ influences. D. Microplastics’ solutions. 3.Which can best describe Dr. Miller’s view on microplastics? A. Current intake, zero danger. B. Risk known, threat controlled. C. Liver ruined, crisis incoming. D. Particles found, damage unproven. 4.What is the author’s attitude to solving the problem of microplastics? A. Challenging. B. Unconcerned. C. Active. D. Doubtful. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了微塑料的来源、对人类健康可能产生的影响以及解决微塑料问题的措施。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you fill a glass of water, buy a bottle of water, or even draw water from a well, there’s a good chance you’re drinking little pieces of plastic particles — microplastics (微塑料), which are smaller than 5 millimeters in size. A growing number of studies have found these little particles in drinking water sources around the world, and scientists are now studying the possible risks that affect human health.(无论你是倒一杯水、买一瓶水，甚至是从井里打水，都很有可能喝到微小的塑料颗粒——微塑料，它们的尺寸小于5毫米。越来越多的研究发现，世界各地的饮用水源中都存在这些微小颗粒，科学家们目前正在研究其对人类健康可能造成的风险。)”可知，微塑料存在于多种水源中。故选A。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most microplastics are little pieces that break off from plastic bottles, food bottles, and plastic bags as they age and wear down. And some microplastics come from clothing; when we wash clothes with microplastics, microplastics fall off and end up in polluted water systems. These microplastics then make their way into rivers, lakes, oceans, and even groundwater.(大多数微塑料是从塑料瓶、食品瓶和塑料袋上脱落下来的小碎片，随着它们的老化和磨损。一些微塑料来自衣物；当我们清洗含有微塑料的衣物时，微塑料会脱落并最终进入受污染的水系统。这些微塑料随后进入河流、湖泊、海洋甚至地下水。)”可知，本段主要介绍了微塑料的来源。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中““We know microplastics are in our bodies, but we don’t yet know if they’re causing harm,” said Dr. Miller, a specialist at the University of California.(加州大学的专家Miller博士说：“我们知道微塑料在我们的身体里，但我们还不知道它们是否会造成伤害。”)”可知，Miller博士认为微塑料已被发现存在于人体中，但其危害尚未得到证实。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“To address the problem of more microplastics entering into our bodies, scientists are working on better filtration (过滤) technologies. Some new water filters can catch microplastics as small as 0.1 micrometers. Some governments recently passed some laws requiring water companies to test for microplastics and reduce their levels. However, technology and laws alone are not enough. The solution also lies in our daily choices. As Dr. Miller puts it: “We can’t undo the microplastics that are already in our water, but we can take steps to stop more from getting there. It’s a problem we can solve if we work together.”(为了解决更多微塑料进入我们体内的问题，科学家们正在研发更好的过滤技术。一些新型净水器可以捕捉到小至0.1微米的微塑料。一些政府最近通过了一些法律，要求自来水公司检测微塑料并降低其含量。然而，仅靠技术和法律是不够的。解决方案还在于我们的日常选择。正如Miller博士所说：“我们无法消除水中已有的微塑料，但我们可以采取措施阻止更多微塑料进入水中。如果我们齐心协力，就能解决这个问题。”)”可知，文章最后一段提到科学家在研发更好的过滤技术，政府出台相关法律，同时强调个人日常选择的重要性，还引用Miller博士的话 “只要共同努力就能解决问题”，可见作者对解决微塑料问题的态度是积极的。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西莲花中学·期中）Have you felt annoyed when a cellphone rings during the class? Something must be done to stop this. Now in New York City, USA, a rule is carried out in schools. Students can’ t even bring cellphones to school. Is it a good thing or not? Anxious parents say that cellphones are an important tool in holding New York city’s families together. “I worry about it,” said Elizabeth Lorris Ritter, a mother of a middle school kid. It’s necessary in our everyday life. We have a washing machine. We have running water, and We have cellphones.” Many American parents think cellphones connect them to their children on buses, getting out from subways, walking through unknown places. “I have her call me when she gets out of school,” said Lindsay Walt, a schoolgirl’s mother. “No one in New York is going to let their child go to school without a cellphone” What about the cellphone owners, the students? Most of the students said cellphones were essential and the cellphone was like all extra (额外的) hand or foot for them. “I feel so empty,” said May Chom, “There is also no way to listen to music on the way to school without my phone. It will be a really, really boring trip.” 1.Students often use a cellphone ______ according to the passage. A. to enjoy listening to music B. to make phone calls to their teachers C. to work as running water D. to work as a washing machine 2.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Many American parents don’t think cellphones are necessary for the students. B. Cellphones only bring troubles to the school life. C. Cellphones connect children with their families when they are outside. D. Cellphones can help students learn better. 3.What does the underlined word “essential” mean in Chinese? A. 时髦的 B. 必要的 C. 多余的 D. 昂贵的 4.This article is about the ______ in carrying out the rule—not to use a cellphone in school. A. happiness B. interest C. problem D. expense (费用) 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了学校禁止学生带手机进校园的规定引起了很多家长和学生的反对。父母认为没有手机就不能随时与孩子保持联系，而学生认为没有手机他们会很无聊。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There is also no way to listen to music on the way to school without my phone.(在去学校的路上没有手机也没法听音乐)”可知，学生喜欢在上学路上用手机听音乐，故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Many American parents think cellphones connect them to their children on buses, getting out from subways, walking through unknown places.(许多美国父母认为手机可以让他们在公交车上、从地铁里出来、在陌生的地方行走时与孩子联系)”可知，手机可以让父母和孩子随时保持联系，故选C。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线词后“the cellphone was like all extra (额外的) hand or foot for them(手机对他们来说就像是额外的手或脚)”可知，学生认为手机对他们来说就像是额外的手或脚，由此推知他们认为手机对他们来说必不可少，essential意为“必要的，必不可少的”，故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“‘I worry about it,’ said Elizabeth Lorris Ritter, a mother of a middle school kid.(‘我对此感到担心，’一个中学生的母亲Elizabeth Lorris Ritter说)”以及最后一段中“‘I feel so empty,’ said May Chom(‘我觉得很空虚，’May Chom说)”可知， 文章开头的几个问题引出要讨论的话题——禁止学生带手机进校园这条规定是否合理，接着主要介绍了很多家长和学生反对这条规定，以及该规定可能导致的各种问题，故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西多校联考·期中）Imagine a teacher that can offer help anytime, never gets tired, and can design its lessons to your exact learning needs. That’s what AI teachers offer. They use AI to know students’ strengths and weaknesses, how students learn, and create personalized study plans. But while AI teachers have the abilities to change education, they also raise important questions about the future of teaching and learning. AI teachers offer flexibility (灵活性). Students can use them anytime, anywhere. Many AI teachers also use games to make learning more attractive. Most importantly, AI teachers can be fit for each student’s needs. For example, if a student struggles with maths, AI teachers can provide extra practice problems and explain concepts (概念) in different ways until the student understands. However, some teachers worry that AI could reduce the human connection. Others are concerned about personal privacy: AI teachers collect lots of information about students. If the information falls into the wrong hands, it could be misused. There’s also the risk that students might become too dependent on AI, losing the ability to think creatively or solve problems on their own. Experts say the key is to use AI teachers as an additional role to traditional education, not use them to be in the place of it. AI can solve daily tasks, freeing up teachers to focus on what they do best: inspiring students, leading discussions, and building relationships. To address privacy concerns, governments and companies need to create strong laws to protect students’ personal privacy. And to prevent over-reliance, teachers should guide students on how to use AI wisely, encouraging them to ask questions and think independently. AI teachers are not perfect, but they have the power to make education more accessible, personalized, and attractive. As technology improves, they will likely become an even bigger part of classrooms around the world. The future of education isn’t about choosing between AI and human teachers — it’s about combining the best of both to help every student succeed. 1.What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 1? A. To question the existing AI technology. B. To introduce the following context. C. To summarize the previous findings. D. To conclude the author’s own argument. 2.What is the key to keeping students from over-relying on AI teachers? A. Actively guiding the wise use of AI. B. Simply stopping the use of AI. C. Wholly removing AI from class. D. Fully depending on AI for teaching. 3.The author implies that the future of education will ________. A. focus fully on personalized learning plans B. depend entirely on technological advances C. give play to AI and human teachers’ strengths D. take the place of the roles of human teachers 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Damage of AI in Education B. The Role of AI in Future Education C. A Replacement for Human Teachers D. A Partnership for Future Education 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。介绍了人工智能教师在教育中的作用，分析了其优势、引发的担忧，并探讨了未来教育中人工智能教师与人类教师相结合的模式。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“That’s what AI teachers offer. They use AI to know students’ strengths and weaknesses, how students learn, and create personalized study plans. But while AI teachers have the abilities to change education, they also raise important questions about the future of teaching and learning. (这就是人工智能教师所能提供的。它们利用人工智能了解学生的优缺点、学习方式，并制定个性化学习计划。但尽管人工智能教师有能力改变教育，它们也引发了关于教与学未来的重要问题)”可知， 第一段通过介绍人工智能教师的功能并提出其引发的教育问题，起到引出下文的作用。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“And to prevent over-reliance, teachers should guide students on how to use AI wisely, encouraging them to ask questions and think independently. (为了防止过度依赖，教师应该指导学生如何明智地使用人工智能，鼓励他们提问并独立思考)”可知，防止学生过度依赖人工智能教师的关键是积极引导学生明智使用人工智能。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“The future of education isn’t about choosing between AI and human teachers — it’s about combining the best of both to help every student succeed. (教育的未来不在于在人工智能教师和人类教师之间做选择，而在于结合两者的优势来帮助每个学生成功)”可知，作者暗示未来教育将发挥人工智能和人类教师各自的优势。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Experts say the key is to use AI teachers as an additional role to traditional education, not use them to be in the place of it. (专家表示，关键是将人工智能教师作为传统教育的补充，而不是用他们来取代传统教育)”以及第五段最后一句“The future of education isn’t about choosing between AI and human teachers — it’s about combining the best of both to help every student succeed. (教育的未来不在于在人工智能教师和人类教师之间做选择，而在于结合两者的优势来帮助每个学生成功)”可知，文章围绕人工智能教师在教育中的角色展开，探讨了其与人类教师的协作，D选项“未来教育的伙伴关系”能准确概括主旨。故选D项。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西南昌第二中学·期中）Two British teachers have broken the world record for the longest journey in a tuk-tuk after pulling their broken vehicle for 43 miles. Richard Sears and Nick Gough traveled 42,120 kilometers around the world and passed through over 35 countries. They did this to support the grass roots education projects in Africa, Asia and South America. The pair, who set off from London, thought their journey was over when the vehicle started to fail. When the tuk-tuk broke, they were only 70 kilometers away from their destination. They decided to pull it the rest of the way. The tuk-tuk, which weighs 800 kilograms, was pulled in turn by Richard and Nick over three days. On arrival in Chepén, Peru, they discovered a repairman who specialized in tuk-tuks and managed to fix it. The pair were back on the road aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to tackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia. The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes. Nick and Richard uncovered some inspirational projects across Africa, Asia and South America. They witnessed first-hand the educational challenges facing these areas today. They joined street children in the slums of Cairo, Khartoum, Kampala, Mumbai and Phnom Penh. They visited Congolese refugees (难民) in camps in Eastern Burundi. The pair established The Tuk Tuk Educational Trust, a U.K. registered charity. Talking about their motivation, Richard said, “The world’s leaders have made a commitment to achieve universal primary education but, in spite of this promise, over 57 million primary-aged children worldwide are still out of school; many more are in school, but still cannot access quality learning opportunities.” 1.Why did the two teachers travel around the world? A. To give support to education projects. B. To create a new record in a journey. C. To find like-minded teachers to work with. D. To explore landscapes of different countries. 2.What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. Their achievements in fighting poverty. B. Their exciting experiences on the road. C. The beautiful scenery of famous mountains. D. The difficulties and dangers of the journey. 3.Which of the following best describes the two teachers? A. Curious and brave. B. Humorous and generous. C. Responsible and courageous. D. Efficient and honest. 4.What can we infer from Richard’s words in the last paragraph? A. Students in developing countries need to be further educated. B. The world’s leaders don’t pay enough attention to education. C. People should work together to promote equality in education. D. Universal primary education remains a long way to go. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。两位英国教师为支持非亚南美基层教育，驾驶三轮车环球旅行4.2万多公里、途经35国，克服车辆故障、自然险阻等困难，还成立慈善信托，助力普及小学教育。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“They did this to support the grass roots education projects in Africa, Asia and South America.(他们这样做是为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美洲的基层教育项目)”可知，这两位老师环游世界是为了为教育项目提供支持。故选A。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The pair were back on the road aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to tackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia. The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes.(这对搭档又踏上了征程，朝着他们的下一个目标进发。在他们的旅途中，他们不得不穿越沙漠和丛林。他们还曾在乌干达和博茨瓦纳与大象有过近距离的遭遇，在马来西亚也曾遭遇过事故。在三轮车上，最大的困难就是沿途出现的山脉，包括阿尔卑斯山、喜马拉雅山和安第斯山脉)”可知，第三段说明了旅途中的困难与危险。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“They did this to support the grass roots education projects in Africa, Asia and South America.(他们这样做是为了支持非洲、亚洲和南美洲的基层教育项目)”以及第三段“The pair were back on the road aiming for their next goal. Along their journey they had to tackle deserts and jungles. They also survived close encounters with elephants in Uganda and Botswana and an accident in Malaysia. The greatest hardship on the tuk-tuk was the mountain ranges lying in their path, including the Alps, the Himalayas and the Andes.(这对搭档又踏上了征程，朝着他们的下一个目标进发。在他们的旅途中，他们不得不穿越沙漠和丛林。他们还曾在乌干达和博茨瓦纳与大象有过近距离的遭遇，在马来西亚也曾遭遇过事故。在旅途中，最大的困难就是沿途的山脉，包括阿尔卑斯山、喜马拉雅山和安第斯山脉)”可知，这两位老师责任心强且勇敢无畏。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The pair established The Tuk Tuk Educational Trust, a U.K. registered charity. Talking about their motivation, Richard said, “The world’s leaders have made a commitment to achieve universal primary education but, in spite of this promise, over 57 million primary-aged children worldwide are still out of school; many more are in school, but still cannot access quality learning opportunities.”(这两人成立了“嘟嘟车教育信托”组织，这是一家在英国注册的慈善机构。谈到他们的初衷时，理查德说：“世界各国的领导人已承诺要实现普及小学教育的目标，但尽管有这一承诺，全球仍有超过 5700 万处于小学年龄段的儿童未上学；还有更多的孩子虽然在学校就读，但仍然无法获得优质的教育机会。”)”可知，全民基础教育仍有很长的路要走。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西景德镇·期中）Most people live with “just-me-ism”. For example, you might leave the tap running while brushing teeth, keep a light on when going out, or drop litter without picking it up. You know these actions are wrong, yet you tell yourself, “What difference does it make? The world has millions of people, and I’m just one. Does leaving a tap running, a light on, or a piece of litter really matter? Besides, no one will know.” But imagine millions of people having the same mindset: millions of gallons of water would be wasted, millions of lights left on, and millions of litter pieces scattered. All this would cause great harm to our world. To encourage young people to act for the environment, animals, and their communities, Roots& Shoots was founded. Established in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall — a world-famous scientist and expert on wild chimpanzees — this organization is more than just a group. Beyond her research, Dr. Goodall has devoted herself fully to environmental protection. The core purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, ranging from preschoolers to university students, equipping them to help build a secure future where humans live in peace with nature. The name “Roots & Shoots” carries deep meaning: roots grow slowly underground to form a solid foundation, while shoots, though small and weak, can break through brick walls to reach sunlight. These roots and shoots represent you, your friends, and young people worldwide. Countless such “roots and shoots” can solve global problems, change the world, and turn it into a better place to live. Now the choice is yours: Will you use your life to make the world better for people, animals, and the environment? Will you help plant Roots & Shoots in everyone’s heart? Will you join the community for a shared future? You cannot be absent. 1.Who would most probably be called a just-me-ist based on the text? A. Lily who brings shopping bags while going to the supermarket. B. Amy who chooses the easiest tasks and never helps her teammates. C. Marshall who always argues and even has fights with his classmates. D. Mike who throws plastic bottles in the forest without taking them away. 2.What is the primary goal of Roots & Shoots? A. To advocate a ban on environmental protection. B. To inspire young people to study chimpanzees. C. To call on everyone to take care of those they love. D. To encourage the youth to live in harmony with nature. 3.What can we learn from Roots & Shoots? A. Early birds catch the worms. B. Many hands make light work. C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 4.The organization is named “Roots & Shoots” because ________. A. roots and shoots are small but powerful B. roots and shoots are easy to find in nature C. roots and shoots are Dr. Jane Goodall’s favorites D. roots and shoots are the most important parts of plants 【答案】1. D　2. D　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们常有的“唯我主义”心态，认为个人的小动作对世界微乎其微。然而文章通过Roots & Shoots组织的创立强调了每个人都很重要，鼓励年轻人为了环境、动物和社区采取行动。文章最后呼吁大家积极参与，共同创造一个美好的未来。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Most people live with “just-me-ism”. For example, you might leave the tap running while brushing teeth, keep a light on when going out, or drop litter without picking it up. You know these actions are wrong, yet you tell yourself, “What difference does it make? The world has millions of people, and I’m just one. Does leaving a tap running, a light on, or a piece of litter really matter? Besides, no one will know.”(大多数人生活在“唯我主义”中。例如，你可能会在刷牙时让水龙头一直开着，出门时不关灯，或者丢弃垃圾而不捡起来。你知道这些行为是错误的，但你会告诉自己：“这有什么关系呢？世界上有成千上万的人，我只是其中一个。让水龙头流着水、亮着一盏灯或丢一片垃圾真的重要吗？而且，没有人会知道。”)”可知，“唯我主义”行为就是只考虑自己方便、不顾公共环境，且认为自己小小的行为不会对环境造成太大的伤害。因此D项“Mike在森林里丢弃塑料瓶而不带走的行为”与文中描述的典型“唯我主义”行为一致。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The core purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, ranging from preschoolers to university students, equipping them to help build a secure future where humans live in peace with nature.(“根与芽”的核心宗旨是教育从学龄前儿童到大学生的年轻人，帮助他们为建设一个人类与自然和平共处的安全未来贡献力量。)”可知，该组织的核心目标是教育年轻人，帮助他们建设一个人类与自然和平共处的未来，因此是为了鼓励年轻人与自然和谐相处。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The name “Roots & Shoots” carries deep meaning: roots grow slowly underground to form a solid foundation, while shoots, though small and weak, can break through brick walls to reach sunlight. These roots and shoots represent you, your friends, and young people worldwide. Countless such “roots and shoots” can solve global problems, change the world, and turn it into a better place to live.(“根与芽”这个名字寓意深刻：根在地下缓慢生长，形成坚实的基础；而芽虽然细小柔弱，却能冲破砖墙，接触到阳光。这些根和芽代表着你、你的朋友以及世界各地的年轻人。无数这样的“根和芽”能够解决全球性问题，改变世界，并将其变成一个更美好的家园。)”可知，第三段通过“roots and shoots”的比喻，强调虽然“根与芽”很渺小，却有着无穷的力量，无数的“根与芽”就能解决全球性的问题，也就是无数年轻人团结起来就可以解决全球问题、改变世界。这体现了“众人拾柴火焰高”的集体力量理念。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The name “Roots & Shoots” carries deep meaning: roots grow slowly underground to form a solid foundation, while shoots, though small and weak, can break through brick walls to reach sunlight. These roots and shoots represent you, your friends, and young people worldwide. Countless such “roots and shoots” can solve global problems, change the world, and turn it into a better place to live.(“根与芽”这个名字寓意深刻：根在地下缓慢生长，形成坚实的基础；而芽虽然细小柔弱，却能冲破砖墙，接触到阳光。这些根和芽代表着你、你的朋友以及世界各地的年轻人。无数这样的“根和芽”能够解决全球性问题，改变世界，并将其变成一个更美好的家园。)”可知，根虽慢长却形成坚实基础，芽虽小却能冲破砖墙见到阳光。这个比喻旨在说明年轻人看似微小却拥有改变世界的强大力量。因此此机构选择这个名字是因为根与芽虽小却拥有强大的力量。故选A。 主题语境03 人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西南昌第二中学·期中）If the sound of a baby crying gets you red in the face, you’re not just imagining things. A new study has found that a baby’s cries — particularly those that signal pain — really do cause a hot redness in adults’ faces, perhaps as a way of launching us into action. Without language, crying is a baby’s best shot at getting the help they need from their caregivers. But not every cry is the same. Cries that come from serious pain are much more disordered than the cries of low-level discomfort. Scientists call these “nonlinear phenomena” or NLPs. Caregivers can usually differentiate between cries of ordinary discomfort and those NLPs, but it’s unclear exactly how our bodies arrive at this higher-order conclusion. A team led by Dr. Laurent Moreau from Jean Monnet University wanted to know how these sounds affect adults’ nervous systems and the bodily effects they cause. They tested the reactions of 41 participants(21 men, 20 women, aged 35 years old on average)to the sounds of babies crying. These adults listened to a selection of 23 audio (音频) tracks, recorded from 16 different babies while they were either experiencing the discomfort of a bath, or the pain of a vaccination shot (接种疫苗) at the doctor. As the participants listened, a heat camera tracked changes to their face temperature. An increase in heat from this part of the body is a response from the nervous system, which manages uncontrollable bodily functions such as heart rate and breathing. The results showed that a cry with a higher level of NLP caused a stronger redness response from listeners’ faces, suggesting that these messy sounds are much more effective at getting the attention of adults, on a bodily level, than cries with little or no NLP. “While our results sound interesting and new, this study remains rather basic and raises a number of questions about the methods used in the experiment.” Dr. Moreau notes. 1.Which of the following is an NLP in babies’ cries? A. Cries out of the pain of a dog bite. B. Cries out of boredom with toys. C. Cries from restlessness when held. D. Cries from unwillingness to drink milk. 2.Why did Dr. Moreau’s team conduct the research? A. To test if pain makes cries longer. B. To learn why adults can recognize cries. C. To see how cries affect the adults’ nerves. D. To compare men’s and women’s responses. 3.How was the research carried out? A. By observing babies’ discomfort behaviors. B. By having participants describe feelings. C. By measuring heart rate and recording breathing. D. By playing audios and tracking face temperature. 4.What may the study team focus on next? A. Studying more baby cries. B. Improving the study methods. C. Exploring adults’ nervous systems. D. Managing participants’ bodily functions. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，婴儿因严重疼痛发出的无序哭声（NLP）会让成年人面部发红发热，更易吸引关注。研究通过让参与者听哭声音频、追踪面部温度得出结果，但该研究仍较基础，存在方法相关疑问。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Cries that come from serious pain are much more disordered than the cries of low-level discomfort. Scientists call these “nonlinear phenomena” or NLPs.(源自严重疼痛的哭喊与低程度不适所引发的哭喊相比，其节奏要更加紊乱。科学家将这类现象称为“非线性现象”或 NLPs)”可知，因被狗咬而发出的哭声属于婴儿哭声中的“非线性现象”。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“A team led by Dr. Laurent Moreau from Jean Monnet University wanted to know how these sounds affect adults’ nervous systems and the bodily effects they cause.(由让-莫内大学的洛朗·莫罗教授领导的一个研究团队想要探究这些声音对成年人神经系统的影响以及它们所引发的身体反应)”可知，莫罗博士的团队进行这项研究是为了探究哭声对成年人神经系统的影响。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“These adults listened to a selection of 23 audio (音频) tracks, recorded from 16 different babies while they were either experiencing the discomfort of a bath, or the pain of a vaccination shot (接种疫苗) at the doctor. As the participants listened, a heat camera tracked changes to their face temperature. (这些成年人聆听了23首音频片段，这些音频是分别从16名不同婴儿身上录制下来的，录制时这些婴儿有的正在经历洗澡带来的不适，有的则正在经历接种疫苗时的疼痛。当参与者们聆听时，一台热成像仪则监测着他们面部温度的变化情况)”可知，这项研究通过播放音频并监测面部温度开展。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段““While our results sound interesting and new, this study remains rather basic and raises a number of questions about the methods used in the experiment.” Dr. Moreau notes.( 莫罗博士指出：“尽管我们的研究结果听起来既有趣又新颖，但这项研究仍较为基础，而且在实验所采用的方法方面也引发了一系列疑问。”)”可知，研究团队接下来可能会关注改进研究方法。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西崇仁县第一中学·期中）A recent study conducted by researchers at MIT has found that using AI tools like ChatGPT may hurt people’s ability to think, learn, and remember in the long term. The study focused on students who used large language models (LLMs) to help them write essays (文章). These students showed less brain activity, poorer memory, and lower engagement (参与) compared with those who did not use AI. The research team used Electroencephalogram scans (EEGs) to monitor the brain activity of 54 students in three groups when they were doing their writing tasks: one group used ChatGPT, one used Google, and the third used no external (外部的) help at all. Over a period of four months, the group that used ChatGPT performed worst in all areas — brain activity, language use, and scoring. The findings showed that students who depended on AI had trouble remembering or quoting from their own essays. They also felt less ownership of their work. On the other hand, students who wrote without any help produced more original content and had more active brains. Even when students stopped using AI and tried writing on their own, their brain activity remained low. Interestingly, those who started without AI and later used it showed an increase an brain activity, suggesting they were actively trying to combine the new tool with their own knowledge. The researchers also warned that while AI makes tasks easier, it may reduce people’s willingness to think critically. Many users simply accept the AI’s answers without questioning them. Teachers were able to identify AI-generated essays because they followed a similar structure and lacked creativity. Henry Shevlin, a researcher from Cambridge University, said that “Right now, there’s no proof (证据) that LLM usage caused lasting ‘brain damage’, but it suggests that AI could possibly form a kind of ‘laziness’”. He added, “We should be careful not to come to conclusions about whether AI is all good or all bad for learning. Some studies show positive results, while others show disadvantages. What really matters is how we choose to use the tool.” 1.Which group showed the lowest brain activity and poorest performance over four months? A. The group that used ChatGPT. B. The group that used Google. C. The group that worked in pairs. D. The group that used no external help. 2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the study’s findings? A. The study proved that using AI causes lasting damage to the brain. B. Teachers could not identify AI-generated essays and student-written ones. C. Students who went from writing alone to using AI showed a rise in brain activity. D. Brain activity immediately returned to high levels just after students stopped using AI. 3.What can we infer from Henry Shevlin words? A. All schools should immediately stop using AI tools. B. The effect of using AI depends greatly on how it is used. C. AI is always harmful in education, no matter how it is used. D. The study’s conclusions are perfect and need no further discussion. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. AI May Weaken Learning Performances. B. How to Use ChatGPT for Essay Writing. C. The Rapid Development of AI Technology. D. Why Teachers Dislike AI-generated Essays. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了MIT的研究发现长期使用ChatGPT等AI工具可能损害人的思考、学习和记忆能力，同时提及合理使用的重要性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over a period of four months, the group that used ChatGPT performed worst in all areas — brain activity, language use, and scoring.(在四个月的时间里，使用 ChatGPT 的小组在所有领域 —— 大脑活动、语言使用和得分方面表现最差)”可知，使用 ChatGPT 的小组大脑活动最低、表现最差。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Interestingly, those who started without AI and later used it showed an increase in brain activity, suggesting they were actively trying to combine the new tool with their own knowledge.(有趣的是，那些一开始不使用AI后来才使用的人，大脑活动有所增加，这表明他们在积极尝试将新工具与自己的知识结合起来)”可知，从独自写作到使用AI的学生大脑活动有所上升。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He added, “We should be careful not to come to conclusions about whether AI is all good or all bad for learning. Some studies show positive results, while others show disadvantages. What really matters is how we choose to use the tool.”(他补充说：“我们应该谨慎，不要轻易下结论说AI对学习是全好还是全坏。一些研究显示了积极的结果，而另一些则显示了缺点。真正重要的是我们选择如何使用这个工具。”)”可知，AI的影响很大程度上取决于使用方式。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A recent study conducted by researchers at MIT has found that using AI tools like ChatGPT may hurt people’s ability to think, learn, and remember in the long term.(麻省理工学院研究人员最近进行的一项研究发现，长期使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具可能会损害人们的思考、学习和记忆能力)”及全文围绕该研究展开，可知“AI可能削弱学习表现”是合适的标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西莲花中学·期中）What you do after studying could have a big impact on how well you learn and remember. Today on Education Tips, we will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep. When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity. Perhaps they look at their phone or computer. They might even play a video game or watch television. But research suggests that resting after your study may help you remember what you have studied. The basic idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain gets a chance to rest. Resting is difficult when you are playing computer games. While this might sound unusual to you, many studies have explored the benefits of resting after learning — what is called “wakeful rest”. A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember information they learned after doing wakeful rest. If you want to give “wakeful rest” a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. It is really that easy! Besides wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning. The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School (HMS) notes that sleep helps people to learn in two ways. A report on the school’s website explains that “a sleep-deprived person cannot focus attention well and therefore cannot learn well.” It also says, “Sleep itself helps us to memorize and that memorizing is very important for learning new information.” The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) suggests that adults between the ages of 20 and 64 get about between 6 and 7 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers may need a little bit more, and people over the age of 65 may need a little less. Try to get some “wakeful rest” after a study. Then try to get a good night’s sleep. That’s it — a simple, no-cost way to help you remember what you learn. 1.According to the research, shortly after studying students are recommended ______ A. To take a wakeful rest. B. To play a video game. C. To have a nice sleep at night. D. To read a newspaper. 2.How long should teenagers sleep each day according to NSF? A. Less than 6 hours. B. No more than 7 hours. C. Around 8 hours. D. Just 7 hours. 3.What’s paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The importance of sleep. B. The types of resting activities. C. The good ways to get a rest. D. The reason for having a rest. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Low-cost Tips on Working. B. Good Things to Do After Your Study. C. Why Do We Need to Have a Good Sleep? D. How Long Should We Rest After Learning? 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章讨论了学习后的活动对学习效果和记忆保持的影响，并介绍了两种无成本的方法——清醒休息和睡眠，以帮助提高学习效果。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“If you want to give “wakeful rest” a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. It is really that easy! (如果你想尝试“清醒休息”，以下是一些可以做的简单的事情。安静地休息五到十分钟。不要看手机、读故事或玩游戏。真的就这么简单！)”可知，学习后可以安静的休息一会儿，什么都不做就可以，故选A项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) suggests that adults between the ages of 20 and 64 get about between 6 and 7 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers may need a little bit more, and people over the age of 65 may need a little less. (国家睡眠基金会(NSF)建议20至64岁的成年人每天大约需要6到7小时的睡眠。青少年可能需要稍微多一些，而65岁以上的人可能需要稍微少一些。)”可知，成年人每天需要睡6-7个小时，青少年需要更多一点，所以8个小时是合理的。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The basic idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain gets a chance to rest. Resting is difficult when you are playing computer games. (基本思想是这样的：学习后停止你的活动，你的大脑就有机会休息。当你在玩电脑游戏时，休息是很困难的。)”可知，这段主要讲述了为什么要休息一下，这是为了让大脑能恢复活力。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Today on Education Tips, we will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep. (今天在教育小贴士中，我们将探讨两种无成本的方法，可以帮助你提高学习效果：清醒休息和睡眠。)”以及全文可知，文章主要讨论了一种名为“清醒式休息”的方式来让大脑彻底休息，从而更好地学习。这是一种值得推荐的事情，也就是good things（好事情），B选项“学习后要做的好事”符合本文标题。故选B项。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江西师范大学附属中学·期中）At a summit in Paris in February, 2025, tech bosses issued the grandest claims about artificial intelligence. Dario Amodei, CEO, said it would lead to the “largest change to the global labor market in human history”. Jensen Huang, CEO of NVIDIA, envisioned a future where workers “are all going to be CEOs of AI agents”. Such predictions draw on an established thought. As large language models gained popularity in the early 2020s, economists and bosses were hopeful that AI would help promote equality, benefiting lower-skilled workers most. Despite such optimism about AI as an equalizer in labor market, more recent findings have cast doubt on this vision. They instead suggest a future where fly still higher, and the rest are left behind. Rather than narrowing gaps, AI is likely to widen workforce divides in the long term. For example, for air-traffic controllers, AI processes flight data while leaving decisions to humans, thus keeping salaries high. By contrast, self-checkout systems simplify cashiers’ roles, automating tasks like calculating change, which lowers the skill requirements, causing wages to decline. Apart from its replacement of routine jobs, AI may extend its reach to creative work. At A&O, a law firm, AI can analyze contracts and suggest revisions within 30 seconds, handling much of the work once done by associate lawyers. In contrast, top performers have been best at using technology to make strategic decisions. Therefore, it is junior staff who are the most at risk. Labor markets have always been defined by the destruction of old roles and the creation of new ones. In the Industrial Revolution, engineers mastering machinery saw their wages skyrocket while laborers lost out. The Computer Age then rewarded software engineers and outdated typists. AI appears to follow a similar path, benefiting those with judgment and expertise to handle complex, information-rich environments. Today’s AI is just the beginning. As it grows more complicated, workplaces might be transformed, making every worker a CEO, predicted Jensen Huang. But there will be no equalizing: the most talented will still make the best CEOs. 1.What is the early expectation of AI’s impact on work? A. It was seen as a threat to job security. B. It was believed to replace only manual labor. C. It was expected to reduce workplace inequality. D. It was thought to mainly benefit high-level managers. 2.What can we infer about the long-term impact of AI? A. AI will slow the global economic growth. B. AI will narrow the gap of wage inequality. C. AI will put lower-skilled workers at a disadvantage. D. AI will significantly enhance creative work opportunities. 3.Why are the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Age mentioned? A. To compare the speed of technological change. B. To suggest AI will ultimately benefit all workers. C. To argue AI will create entirely new types of jobs. D. To show technological shifts often increase inequality. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A. The End of Human Labor with AI B. The Division AI Deepens in Workforce C. The Partnership between CEOs and AI D. The Limits of AI Application in Creative Work 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2025年巴黎峰会上科技巨头们对人工智能的预测，并指出人工智能有望促进劳动平等，但最近的研究结果表明，从长远来看，人工智能可能会扩大劳动力差距。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“As large language models gained popularity in the early 2020s, economists and bosses were hopeful that AI would help promote equality, benefiting lower-skilled workers most.(随着大型语言模型在21世纪20年代初流行起来，经济学家和老板们希望人工智能有助于促进平等，使低技能工人受益最多。)”可知，早期人们期望AI能促进平等，让低技能工人受益最多，即减少职场不平等。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Rather than narrowing gaps, AI is likely to widen workforce divides in the long term. For example, for air-traffic controllers, AI processes flight data while leaving decisions to humans, thus keeping salaries high. By contrast, self-checkout systems simplify cashiers’ roles, automating tasks like calculating change, which lowers the skill requirements, causing wages to decline.(从长远来看，人工智能不仅不会缩小差距，还可能扩大劳动力差距。例如，对于空中交通管制员来说，人工智能处理飞行数据，而把决策留给人类，从而保持高工资。相比之下，自助结账系统简化了收银员的角色，将计算零钱等任务自动化，从而降低了对技能的要求，导致工资下降。)”可推知，从长远来看，AI可能会扩大劳动力差距，使低技能工人处于不利地位。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Labor markets have always been defined by the destruction of old roles and the creation of new ones. In the Industrial Revolution, engineers mastering machinery saw their wages skyrocket while laborers lost out. The Computer Age then rewarded software engineers and outdated typists. AI appears to follow a similar path, benefiting those with judgment and expertise to handle complex, information-rich environments.(劳动力市场总是被定义为旧角色的破坏和新角色的创造。在工业革命时期，掌握机械技术的工程师工资飞涨，而工人却吃亏。计算机时代让软件工程师受益，而打字员则被淘汰。人工智能似乎遵循了类似的道路，有利于那些有判断力和专业知识来处理复杂、信息丰富的环境的人。)”可推知，文章提到工业革命和计算机时代是为了说明技术变革往往会加剧不平等，就像AI的发展也可能会带来类似的情况。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了AI对劳动力市场的影响，早期人们期望AI能促进平等，但实际情况是AI可能会扩大劳动力差距，使不同技能水平的工人之间的差异更加明显，“The Division AI Deepens in Workforce (AI加剧了劳动力的分化)”能够很好地概括文章的主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B项。 Passage 5 （25-26高一上·江西景德镇一中·期中）Scientists are advancing brain-computer interface (BCI) technology with a breakthrough system that translates inner speech into audible words. Developed by US researchers, this “thought decoder (解码器)” achieved 74% accuracy in converting the imagined speech of four paralyzed volunteers into sound. Unlike earlier BCIs, which relied on brain signals from attempted speech or writing, the new device directly interprets neural patterns linked to phonemes (speech units), aiming to restore fluent communication for those with speech or motor disabilities. The system works by implanting sensors in the motor cortex (运动皮层), the brain region controlling movement, including speech. As volunteers think of words, machine learning algorithms (算法) analyze neural activity to identify phoneme patterns and reconstruct sentences. Stanford neuroscientist Benyamin Meschede-Krasa explains, “If you just have to think about speech instead of actually trying to speak, it’s potentially easier and faster.” Researchers discovered overlapping brain signals between attempted and imagined speech, but the system could distinguish them through probability calculations. For example, it recognized 125,000 words by linking frequent phoneme combinations. “These patterns are a similar but smaller version of attempted speech activity,” notes Stanford’s Frank Willett, adding, “We decoded them well enough to prove the principle, but not as well as attempted speech.” There’s still a long way to go here, and the BCI often fell far short of that 74% maximum accuracy rating. However, by utilizing upgraded implant technology and mapping more of the brain for thought cues, the researchers are confident that the system can be quickly improved over the next few years. Another issue to overcome is the potential for translating, logging, and speaking out inner monologues that are intended to be kept private — not something you want in a BCI. Safeguards like thinking of a special password start and stop decoding could be implemented here, the researchers suggest. This concept was trialed in the experiments with 98 percent accuracy. This follows other progress, such as a recent real-time thought-decoding study (personalized to one individual). “The future of BCIs is bright,” Willett says. “This gives hope that speech BCIs may one day restore communication as fluent and natural as conversational speech.” 1.How does the new BCI system differ from earlier models? A. It uses external sensors instead of implants. B. It requires physical movement to generate speech. C. It relies on brain signals from attempted writing only. D. It directly decodes neural patterns associated with inner speech. 2.What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. Benyamin Meschede-Krasa invented the new BCI system. B. The motor cortex is only responsible for speaking movements. C. Machine learning plays a key role in linking brain signals to words. D. The new BCI needs users to silently speak words to generate neural signals. 3.What privacy concern is raised about the BCI system? A. It stores thoughts without user approval. B. It might decode unintended private thoughts. C. It cannot differentiate between multiple users. D. It requires users to share mental passwords publicly 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. BCIs: The Future of Medical Implants. B. Breakthrough in Decoding Imagined Speech. C. The Morals of Translating Inner Monologues. D. Overcoming Paralysis Through Brain Technology. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. B　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国研究人员开发出一种“思维解码器”，能将瘫痪患者想象中的语言转化为声音，实现了74%的准确率，并讨论了其工作原理、当前局限及未来改进方向。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike earlier BCIs, which relied on brain signals from attempted speech or writing, the new device directly interprets neural patterns linked to phonemes (speech units), aiming to restore fluent communication for those with speech or motor disabilities.(与早期依赖尝试说话或写字的脑信号的脑机接口不同，新设备直接解读与音素（语音单位）相关的神经模式，旨在为有语言或运动障碍的人恢复流利的交流。)”可知，新的脑机接口系统与早期模型的不同之处在于它直接解码与内心独白相关的神经模式。故选D。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“As volunteers think of words, machine learning algorithms (算法) analyze neural activity to identify phoneme patterns and reconstruct sentences.(当志愿者思考单词时，机器学习算法分析神经活动以识别音素模式并重建句子。)”可推断出，机器学习在将大脑信号与单词联系起来的过程中起着关键作用。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第六段“Another issue to overcome is the potential for translating, logging, and speaking out inner monologues that are intended to be kept private — not something you want in a BCI.(另一个需要克服的问题是，翻译、记录和说出本应保密的内心独白的潜在可能性——这不是你在脑机接口中想要的。)”可知，脑机接口系统可能存在的隐私问题是它可能会解码意外的私人想法。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国研究人员开发出一种“思维解码器”，能将瘫痪患者想象中的语言转化为声音，实现了74%的准确率，并讨论了其工作原理、当前局限及未来改进方向。由此可知，B项：Breakthrough in Decoding Imagined Speech(解码想象语言的突破)是最好的标题。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高一上·江西宜春丰城市第九中学·期中）An important lesson in the moral education of children may be closer than imagined — it could be right there in the books they are holding. Stories can be helpful for building moral values in young audiences, according to the result of a new study. “Media can greatly influence children’s moral values and get them to place more or less importance on the values according to what is uniquely stressed in that content.” says Lindsay Hahn, PhD, a professor in the University at Buffalo College of Arts and Sciences. Hahn is first author of the new study, which explores how media content influences children. Many previous studies have focused on wide ideas, like positive or negative effects of specific content. However, Hahn’s study looks at how reading of content featuring specific moral values (care, fairness, loyalty, and authority) might influence the weight that kids place on those values. Do children who read about particular moral characteristics absorb those qualities and build their own morality? The findings suggest so, and further support how this approach can help to teach the moral principles that kids might receive through formal instruction. For the study, Hahn and her team took the main character from a teen novel and edited the content to create four different story versions (版本). Each version showed one of four moral values that the study focused on. Then those stories were read by about 200 participants between the ages of 10 and 14. This age group is the best for media research. Hahn explained the reason, “It is more difficult for younger children to understand stories, while it is also challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with simple storylines.” The team then designed a scale (量表) to measure the importance that kids place on moral values, so as to determine how participants might be influenced by specific stories. 1.What is the result of the new study? A. Stories should be spread more by media. B. Stories help children develop moral values. C. Children learn moral values from their parents. D. Children like reading books full of funny stories. 2.What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. The branches of media research. B. The impact on children’s literature. C. The comparison with previous studies. D. The response of the public to the study. 3.Why did the researchers choose participants aged from 10 to 14? A. Their moral values cannot be easily influenced. B. They are in a critical stage of moral development. C. This age group has better moral values than others. D. They can understand the stories and won’t lose interest. 4.Where does this passage probably come from? A. A social report. B. A blog post. C. A school textbook. D. An education magazine. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新研究表明故事有助于儿童形成道德价值观。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。 根据第一段中“Stores can be helpful for building moral values in young audiences, according to the result of a new study.(根据一项新研究的结果，故事对培养年轻读者的道德价值观有帮助)”可知，新研究的结果表明故事对儿童道德价值观的形成有帮助。故选B。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Many previous studies have focused on wide ideas, like positive or negative effects of specific content. However, Hahn’s study looks at how reading of content featuring specific moral values (care, fairness, loyalty, and authority) might influence the weight that kids place on those values.(许多之前的研究都集中在广泛的想法上，比如特定内容的积极或消极影响。然而，Hahn的研究着眼于阅读具有特定道德价值观（关爱、公平、忠诚和权威）的内容可能会如何影响孩子们对这些价值观的重视程度)”可知，前两句提到许多先前的研究关注宽泛的概念，而Hahn的研究则聚焦于阅读特定道德价值观的内容如何影响孩子对这些价值观的重视程度。此处通过However形成对比，强调新研究与以往研究的差异。因此，第三段主要讨论的是与先前研究的对比。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。 根据最后一段中“This age group is the best for media research. Hahn explained the reason, “It is more difficult for younger children to understand stories, while it is also challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with simple storylines.”(这个年龄段最适合媒体研究。Hahn解释了原因：“年龄较小的孩子更难理解故事，而要让年龄较大的青少年保持注意力也很有挑战性，因为他们对简单的故事情节感到厌烦。”)”可知，研究人员选择10到14岁的参与者是因为这个年龄段的孩子既能理解故事，又不会对故事失去兴趣。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“An important lesson in the moral education of children may be closer than imagine — it could be right there in the books they are holding. Stores can be helpful for building moral values in young audiences, according to the result of a new study.(在儿童道德教育方面，一个重要的启示或许比我们想象的更近——它可能就藏在孩子们手中捧着的书本里。根据一项新研究的结果，故事对于培养年轻读者的道德价值观是有帮助的)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于故事对儿童道德价值观影响的新研究，由此可推测，这篇文章可能来自一本教育杂志。故选D。 主题语境05 人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·江西崇仁县第一中学·期中）As a terrible heatwave continues to sweep across China, many people are turning to a quirky method to stay cool at night — hugging a winter melon while they sleep. This strange practice has become popular in provinces such as Shandong, Jiangsu, and Anhui due to its low cost, sustainability (可持续性), and surprising effectiveness. The idea of using winter melons as a natural coolant (冷却剂) is not new. It actually comes from ancient Chinese tradition. There is even a classical poem titled Xia Ri Bao Gua Mian (which means “Sleeping with a Melon on a Summer Night” that describes this custom. Winter melons have a water content of more than 95%, which allows them to stay cool for hours. In traditional Chinese medicine, the melon’s peel (果皮) is also known for its ability to reduce inner heat. Health experts like Yang Zufu from the China Rehabilitation Research Center say that holding a winter melon can be a mild and convenient way to lower body temperature. However, people who have weak digestion (消化) or are especially sensitive (敏感的) to cold are advised not to place the melon directly against their skin. Instead, they should wrap it in a towel or put it near their pillow. Before using the melon, it is important to wash off the fine white fuzzy (绒毛) on its surface to prevent your skin getting red or uncomfortable, but the peel should not be damaged. Although placing the melon near your arms or legs can help you feel cooler, it is not recommended to press it against the stomach. When the melon gets warm, it can be cooled down again with cold water and reused. In addition to this method, experts suggest other ways to beat the heat, such as wearing loose and breathable clothes, eating cooling foods like melons and sour fruits, improving air flow in rooms during early morning and late evening, and avoiding outdoor exercise during the hottest time of the day. 1.What does the underlined word “quirky” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Traditional. B. Unusual. C. Modern. D. Common. 2.What is the main reason why winter melons can help people cool down? A. They are cheap and easy to find. B. They can be reused many times. C. They are recommended by health experts. D. They have a high water content and medicinal peel. 3.What can we infer from the expert’s advice in the passage? A. The method is only suitable for adults. B. Winter melons are more effective than air conditioners. C. Some people should take protective measures when using the method. D. Everyone can always use this winter-melon method directly without any risk. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards the practice of hugging winter melons? A. Uncertain. B. Objective. C. Worried. D. Humorous. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在中国热浪期间流行的一种传统降温方法——抱冬瓜睡觉，并解释了其原理、注意事项以及专家建议。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“As a terrible heatwave continues to sweep across China, many people are turning to a quirky method to stay cool at night — hugging a winter melon while they sleep.( 随着可怕的热浪继续席卷中国，许多人开始用一种……方法来保持夜间凉爽：睡觉时抱一个冬瓜。)”以及下文“This strange practice has become popular in provinces such as Shandong, Jiangsu, and Anhui due to its low cost, sustainability (可持续性), and surprising effectiveness.( 这种奇怪的做法因其低成本、可持续性和惊人的效果而在山东、江苏和安徽等省流行起来。)”由此可知，“睡觉时抱冬瓜”并非常见降温方式。这种方法对于现代社会来说是奇特、新奇的。B选项Unusual“不寻常的”符合语境。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Winter melons have a water content of more than 95%, which allows them to stay cool for hours. In traditional Chinese medicine, the melon’s peel (果皮) is also known for its ability to reduce inner heat.( 冬瓜的含水量超过95%，可以保持凉爽数小时。在传统中医中，瓜皮也以其降内热的能力而闻名。)”可知，冬瓜能帮助人们降温的主要原因是它们有很高的含水量和药用瓜皮。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段中“However, people who have weak digestion (消化) or are especially sensitive (敏感的) to cold are advised not to place the melon directly against their skin. Instead, they should wrap it in a towel or put it near their pillow.( 然而，消化能力弱或对寒冷特别敏感的人建议不要将瓜直接贴在皮肤上。相反，他们应该把它包在毛巾里或放在枕头旁边。)”可知，从文章中专家的建议我们能推断出一些人在使用这种方法时应该采取保护措施。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者既介绍了“抱冬瓜降温”的流行背景、传统渊源、科学原理，也客观呈现了专家的建议（适用人群、注意事项），还补充了其他降温方式，未加入个人主观褒贬，仅客观陈述事实。由此可知，作者对抱冬瓜做法的态度是客观的。故选B项。 Passage 2 （25-26高一上·江西丰城第九中学·期中）Math is everywhere in our life, from working out the bill after dinner to your personal costs. While some people enjoy solving math problems, many others are afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and feel really anxious. It might seem discouraging, but this “math anxiety” is quite common, and you’re far from being the only one who feels this way. Besides, our worries and fears don’t always show how able we are. The reason for this problem often begins to appear in our childhood at school. Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students, and girls might be more affected by this anxiety. According to the Program for International Student Assessment, around 31% of 15 and 16-year-olds in 34 countries said that they felt very nervous when solving math problems, 33% said they got nervous doing math homework, and nearly60% worried that math classes would be difficult. Shulamit Kahn, from Boston University’s Questrom School of Business, told the BBC that providing students, especially girls, with good role models “is important, especially at a young age.” She believes the key is to have people, especially women who love teaching math, educate younger kids. David Robson, writing for BBC Future, mentioned, “It’s unclear why math causes so much fear compared to other subjects like geography. But knowing there’s a right or wrong answer might make you more anxious about not doing well.” And if we believe that we’re not “math people”, we may question about ourselves and avoid solving problems that we could deal with. Researchers have been trying to work out why mental math can make us nervous. This fear might come from all kinds of sources, but some suggest that openly expressing your fears can weaken their control on you and encourage children to see math tests as challenges rather than threat (威胁). We need to have a positive view on math and give it another try. 1.What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A. Girls are better at math than boys. B. Math classes are difficult for everyone. C. Students’ anxiety only comes from teachers. D. Math anxiety in childhood affect students’ confidence. 2.What might happen if someone believes they’re not a “math person”? A. They will study math harder. B. They will doubt their abilities. C. They will face challenges bravely. D. They won’t see math as a threat. 3.According to the last paragraph, what are children advised to do? A. Find the reasons of math fear positively. B. Give up challenges to avoid anxiety actively. C. Speak out their fears for improvement bravely. D. Examine the reasons for math failure carefully. 4.What might be the best title of the passage? A. Math Anxiety: How to Fix It? B. Math Application: How to use Math? C. Math Learning: The Key to Success in All Fields. D. Math Competition: Race between Boys and Girls. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。许多人有“数学焦虑症”，文章主要分析了其原因以及给出了一些建议。 (1)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The reason for this problem often begins to appear in our childhood at school. Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students, and girls might be more affected by this anxiety. According to the Program for International Student Assessment, around 31% of 15 and 16-year-olds in 34 countries said that they felt very nervous when solving math problems, 33% said they got nervous doing math homework, and nearly60% worried that math classes would be difficult. Shulamit Kahn, from Boston University’s Questrom School of Business, told the BBC that providing students, especially girls, with good role models “is important, especially at a young age.” She believes the key is to have people, especially women who love teaching math, educate younger kids.(这个问题的原因往往开始出现在我们的童年在学校。研究表明，在教学过程中感到紧张的数学老师会把他们的焦虑传递给学生，而女孩可能更容易受到这种焦虑的影响。根据国际学生评估项目的数据，在34个国家中，约有31%的15岁和16岁的学生表示，他们在解决数学问题时感到非常紧张，33%的人表示他们在做数学作业时感到紧张，近60%的人担心数学课会很难。波士顿大学奎斯特罗姆商学院的舒拉米特·卡恩告诉BBC，为学生，尤其是女孩，提供好的榜样“很重要，尤其是在年轻的时候。”她认为，关键是让人们，尤其是那些热爱数学教学的女性，来教育年幼的孩子。)”可知，第二段的主旨是童年数学焦虑影响学生的自信心。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And if we believe that we’re not “math people”, we may question about ourselves and avoid solving problems that we could deal with.(如果我们认为我们不是“数学人”，我们可能会质疑自己，避免解决我们可以处理的问题。)”可知，如果有人认为自己不是“数学人”，他们会怀疑自己的能力。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“This fear might come from all kinds of sources, but some suggest that openly expressing your fears can weaken their control on you and encourage children to see math tests as challenges rather than threat (威胁).(这种恐惧可能来自各种各样的来源，但有些人认为，公开表达你的恐惧可以削弱他们对你的控制，并鼓励孩子将数学考试视为挑战而不是威胁。)”可知，建议孩子们勇敢地说出他们对改进的担忧。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段“While some people enjoy solving math problems, many others are afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and feel really anxious. It might seem discouraging, but this “math anxiety” is quite common, and you’re far from being the only one who feels this way. Besides, our worries and fears don’t always show how able we are.(虽然有些人喜欢解决数学问题，但许多人害怕处理数字的那一刻，感到非常焦虑。这可能看起来令人沮丧，但这种“数学焦虑”很常见，你并不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人。此外，我们的担忧和恐惧并不总是表明我们有多能干。)”可知，文章主要说明了许多人有“数学焦虑症”，并分析了其原因以及给出了一些建议。由此可知，A选项“数学焦虑：如何解决？”最符合文章标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26高一上·江西丰城第九中学·期中）“Long time no see” is a very interesting sentence. When I first read this sentence from an American friend’s e-mail, I laughed. I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish (中式英语). Obviously, it is a word-by-word literal (字面意思的) translation of the Chinese greeting with ruined (被破坏的) English grammar and structure! Later on, my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting. I was too surprised to believe her. Her words could not convince (使相信) me at all. So I did research on Google.com. To my surprise, there are over 60 thousand web pages including “Long time no see.” This sentence has been widely used in e-mails, letters, newspapers, movies, books, or other possible places. Though it is sort of informal, it is part of the language that Americans use daily. Ironically (讽刺地), if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word, the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected. Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentence. Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan’s movies. In the 1930s, Hollywood moviemakers successfully created a worldwide famous Chinese detective (侦探) named “Charlie Chan” on wide screens. Detective Chan liked to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom (智慧) by quoting (引用) Confucius (孔子). “Long time no see.” was his trademark (标志性口头禅). Soon after Charlie Chan, “Long time no see.” became a popular phrase in America thanks to the popularity of these movies. Some scholars (学者) compare America to a huge melting pot. All kinds of cultures are mixed in the pot together, and they change the color and taste of each other. American Chinese, though a minority ethnic group (少数民族) in the United States, is also bringing some changes to the stew (大杂烩)! Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed pot. You can have some other examples besides adoption from Chinese, such as pizza from Italian, sushi from Japanese, and dejà vu from French etc. There is a long list! Americans do not just simply borrow something from others. They will also modify (修改) it and make it their own, so you would not be surprised to find a tofu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant, or to buy a bottle of iced Chinese green tea with honey in a grocery store. Since Americans appreciate Chinese culture more and more nowadays, I believe more Chinese words will become American English in the future. In this way, the American’s melting pot keeps adding richness and flavor. 1.What did the writer himself feel surprised at? A. The Chinglish expression “Long time no see.” B. So many literal translations of the expressions used in America. C. “Long time no see.” is used as a standard American English greeting. D. Finding out Americans use the expression every day. 2.What do the underlined words “melting pot” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. American changing cultures. B. Culture mixture. C. A kind of cooked dish. D. Confucius’s words. 3.According to the passage, what can be inferred? A. Detectives translated the phrase “Long time no see”. B. Cultures cannot be changed in the huge melting pot. C. The huge melting pot greatly affects all languages. D. Hollywood made “Long time no see” popular. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Some Chinese expressions are introduced into English. B. American English is only influenced by Chinese. C. Some American expressions can be used in China. D. American English keeps being enriched by different cultures. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. D　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。本文由“Long time no see”这句话引发讨论，阐述了美国是一个“大熔炉”社会，它从不同的语言文化中不断汲取智慧与营养，反映美国文化的多样性及中美文化的交融。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段““Long time no see” is a very interesting sentence. When I first read this sentence from an American friend’s e-mail, I laughed. I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish (中式英语).(“好久不见”是一个非常有趣的话。当我第一次从一位美国朋友的电子邮件中读到这句话时，我笑了。我觉得这是典型的中式英语的一个例子)”及第二段“Later on, my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting. I was too surprised to believe her.(后来，我的朋友告诉我这是一种典型的美式问候方式。我简直不敢相信她的话)”可知，作者第一次在一封来自美国朋友的邮件中看到“Long time no see”这句话时大笑，因为这是中式英语的典型范例。但让作者很惊讶的是“Long time no see”在美国竟然是一种标准的问候方式。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Some scholars compare America to a huge melting pot. All kinds of cultures are mixed in the pot together, and they change the color and taste of each other. American Chinese, though a minority ethnic group (少数民族) in the United States, is also bringing some changes to the stew (大杂烩)! Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed pot.(一些学者将美国比作a huge melting pot。各种不同的文化汇聚在一起，相互交融，改变了彼此的色彩和味道。尽管美籍华人在美国属于少数族裔，但他们也给这大杂烩带来了些许变化！在这样的多元文化融合中，语言往往是最先受到影响的方面)”可推知，一些学者把美国比喻成一个各种文化的大熔炉，互相影响和改变，所以画线部分指的是“不同文化的混合体”。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentence. Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan’s movies. In the 1930s, Hollywood moviemakers successfully created a worldwide famous Chinese detective (侦探) named “Charlie Chan” on wide screens. Detective Chan liked to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom (智慧) by quoting (引用) Confucius (孔子). “Long time no see.” was his trademark (标志性口头禅). Soon after Charlie Chan, “Long time no see.” became a popular phrase in America thanks to the popularity of these movies.(没有人知道这个中式英语句子的起源。有些人认为它源自查理· Chan的电影。在20世纪30年代，好莱坞电影制作人成功地在大银幕上塑造了一个闻名全球的中国侦探形象——“查理· Chan”。这个侦探喜欢引用孔子的名言向美国人传授一些中国智慧。“好久不见”就是他的标志性语句。不久之后，由于这些电影的流行，“好久不见”在美国也变得广为流传)”可知，因为好莱坞电影，这种说法流行起来，即好莱坞使得“Long time no see.”流行起来。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第一段““Long time no see” is a very interesting sentence. When I first read this sentence from an American friend’s e-mail, I laughed. I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish (中式英语).(“好久不见”是一个非常有趣的话。当我第一次从一位美国朋友的电子邮件中读到这句话时，我笑了。我觉得这是典型的中式英语的一个例子)”以及全文的最后一句“In this way, the American’s melting pot keeps adding richness and flavor.(通过这种方式，美国的大熔炉不断增添了丰富和风味)”可知，文章主要讲的是：美国是一个“大熔炉”社会，它从各国不同的语言文化中不断汲取智慧与营养，即不同的文化不断丰富着美式英语。故选D项。 Passage 4 （25-26高一上·江西师范大学附属中学·期中）Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. In reality, education does an aging brain good. Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forming new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new. Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume: Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower; as long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences. In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy. A desire for new l$函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题03阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D Passage 3 【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.A 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.A3.D4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C Passage 3 【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.C Passage 4 【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.A 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.A 主题语境04人与自然-环境 【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.C 114 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 进阶提升) 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D 主题语境02人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.D3.B4.A 主题语境03人与社会-科学与技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.A Passage 3 【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.B Passage 4 【答案】1.C2.C3.D4.B Passage 5 【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.B 主题语境04人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4D 214 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境05人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A Passage 3 【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.D Passage 4 【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.C 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.A 主题语境02人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.C 主题语境03人与社会-科学与技术 【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D 主题语境04人与自我-生活与学习 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.A Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.B 主题语境05人与自然-环境 3/4 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.C 414