内容正文:
专题03 词汇运用(短语和完成句子)
【期中复习】
一、根据汉语提示完成句子
1.________ (最重要的是), you must believe in yourself.
【答案】Above all
【详解】句意:最重要的是,你必须相信自己。结合汉语提示可知,“最重要的是”的常见表达为above all,位于句首,首字母需大写,并用逗号与主句隔开,在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,符合题意。故填Above all。
2.He finished the hard work ________ (轻而易举地).
【答案】with ease
【详解】句意:他轻而易举地完成了这项艰巨的工作。根据中文提示“轻而易举地”可知,此处需要副词短语作状语,修饰动词finished,常用固定短语with ease表示“容易地、毫不费力地”,故填with ease。
3.Students in this school _____________ do morning exercises on the playground every day. (过去常常)
【答案】used to
【详解】句意:这所学校的学生过去常常每天在操场上做早操。根据汉语提示“过去常常”可知,此处为固定短语used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”,to后接动词原形,故填used to。
4.Every citizen should _____________ to protect our environment. (做出努力)
【答案】make efforts/make an effort
【详解】句意:每个公民都应该做出努力来保护我们的环境。根据括号内的中文提示“做出努力”,对应的常用英语短语是make an effort或make efforts;句中的should是情态动词,意为“应该”,其后必须接动词原形。
5.The living conditions in our village have improved a lot _____________ the new policies. (多亏)
【答案】thanks to
【详解】句意:多亏了新政策,我们村的生活条件改善了很多。表示“幸亏”的常用表达是thanks to,后接名词短语the new policies,在句中充当原因状语,用于解释村子生活条件大幅改善的原因。
6._____________ technology, great changes have taken place in education. (在……的帮助下)
【答案】With the help of
【详解】句意:在科技的帮助下,教育发生了巨大的变化。根据汉语提示“在……的帮助下” 可知,此处考查固定短语with the help of,位于句首,短语首字母需要大写,故填With the help of。
7.It is important for us to ________ to protect the environment. (采取行动)
【答案】take action
【详解】句意:对我们来说采取行动保护环境是很重要的。固定句型“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”,to后面接动词原形。固定搭配take action意为“采取行动”。
8.We ________ (仰慕) those who make great contributions to society.
【答案】look up to
【详解】句意:我们敬仰那些为社会做出巨大贡献的人。look up to“仰慕”,陈述事实,时态用一般现在时,主语we为复数,谓语动词用原形。
9.In the past, fields ________ ________ ________(被覆盖) thick sand.
【答案】 were covered with
【详解】句意:过去,田地被厚厚的沙土覆盖着。根据句首时间状语“In the past”,可知句子时态为一般过去时。主语“fields”与动词“cover”之间是被动关系,且括号内提示“被覆盖”,因此需使用被动语态(be+过去分词)。主语“fields”是复数形式,因此一般过去时的be动词应选用were。be covered with是固定短语,意为“被……覆盖”。故填were;covered;with。
10.Great changes ________ ________ ________ (发生) in our hometown over the past 20 years.
【答案】 have taken place
【详解】句意:在过去的20年里,我的家乡发生了巨大变化。时间标志over the past 20 years意为“在过去的20年里”,是现在完成时标志;take place表示“发生”,无被动语态;主语changes为复数,现在完成时结构用have taken place,契合时态要求。
11.We ________ ________ ________ ________ (与……保持联系) distant relatives via video calls.
【答案】 keep in touch with
【详解】句意:我们通过视频通话与远方的亲戚保持联系。固定短语keep in touch with表示“与……保持联系”,主语We为复数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用原形,故填keep;in;touch;with。
12.Many young people choose to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (返乡创业).
【答案】 return home to start businesses
【详解】句意:许多年轻人选择返乡创业。根据汉语提示“返乡创业”,应填动词短语return home to start businesses,其中return home表示“返回家乡”,start businesses表示“创业”(复数形式表示多种创业活动,且主语是Many young people)。choose to后接动词原形,故用return,此处表示返乡的目的是创业,因此中间需用不定式符号to表目的。
13.Many roads and bridges were built. ________ ________ ________ (因此), travelling saves lots of time.
【答案】 As a result
【详解】句意:许多道路和桥梁被修建,因此出行节省了大量时间。表示“因此”,对应短语为as a result;位于句首,首字母大写。
14.________ ________ (成千上万的) trees have been planted along both sides of the railway.
【答案】 Thousands of
【详解】句意:铁路两旁种了成千上万棵树。“成千上万的”用短语“thousands of”表示,后面接可数名词复数,位于句首,首字母需要大写。
15.________ ________ ________ (在过去), there were no modern railways in this mountain area.
【答案】 In the past
【详解】句意:在过去,这片山区没有现代化的铁路。固定短语In the past意为“在过去”,常与一般过去时连用;注意句首单词首字母大写。故依次填In;the;past。
16.Hard work can ________ ________ (带来) amazing changes to our village.
【答案】 bring about
【详解】句意:努力奋斗能给我们村子带来令人惊喜的改变。情态动词“can”后面必须使用动词原形。bring about是固定短语,含义为“带来、引起(变化、结果)”,侧重促成某种改变。
17.The young man ________ to help the poor children last year. (尽最大努力)
【答案】tried his best
【详解】句意:去年,这个年轻人尽最大努力去帮助贫困的孩子们。try one’s best是固定短语,表示“尽最大努力”;主语the young man是男性,对应的形容词性物主代词用his;last year提示本句描述过去发生的事,动词try使用过去式tried,故填tried his best。
18.________ that he climbed Mount Everest at the age of 65. (据说)
【答案】It is said
【详解】句意:据说他65岁登上了珠穆朗玛峰。It is said为固定句型,表示“据说……”,It作形式主语,that引导主语从句,符合句子逻辑及语境。
19.He failed his exams and ________ (辍学) last year.
【答案】dropped out
【详解】句意:他考试不及格,去年辍学了。连词and连接并列谓语,时态要和failed保持一致,使用一般过去时,此处作谓语,应填入动词短语。根据汉语提示可知dropped out表示“辍学”,故填dropped out。
20.He ________ ________ ________ (想出) a plan to test whether cowpox could stop smallpox.
【答案】 came up with
【详解】句意:他想出了一个计划来测试牛痘是否能阻止天花。come up with为固定搭配,意为“想出”,由后句“could”可知,使用一般过去时,come的过去式是came。
21.Cowpox could ________ people ________ (保护……免受……) getting smallpox.
【答案】 protect from
【详解】句意:牛痘可以保护人们免于感染天花。括号内中文提示“保护……免受……”对应短语protect sb. from doing sth.;情态动词could后面需要接动词原形,故填protect;from。
22.Don’t ________ any rubbish after the picnic. (留下)
【答案】leave behind
【详解】句意:野餐后不要留下任何垃圾。否定祈使句以Don’t开头,后面必须接动词原形。中文“留下”,对应本单元短语leave behind。
23.Never ________ (放弃) your dream even if you meet lots of trouble.
【答案】give up
【详解】句意:即便遭遇诸多困境,也永远不要放弃你的梦想。根据汉语提示可知,此处对应短语give up,本句是以Never开头的否定祈使句,结构为Never+动词原形,因此短语give up使用原形形式。
24.We should ________ (做科学研究) to make our country stronger.
【答案】do scientific research
【详解】句意:我们应当做科学研究,让我们的国家更强大。情态动词should后必须接动词原形;中文提示“做科学研究”对应的短语为do scientific research,符合语法要求。
25.It’s our duty to ________ (向……学习) those inspiring people.
【答案】learn from
【详解】句意:向那些鼓舞人心的人学习是我们的责任。根据中文提示可知,“向……学习”对应的英文是learn from,to后接动词原形,因此填learn from。
26.His dream will ________ (实现) as long as he keeps working hard.
【答案】come true
【详解】句意:只要他继续努力,他的梦想就会实现。此处句子是一般将来时,空处在will后,需用动词原形。“实现”译为come true,符合句意。故填come true。
27.His research helped ________ ________ (减少饥饿) in many poor countries.
【答案】 reduce hunger
【详解】句意:他的研究帮助许多贫困国家减少了饥饿问题。动词help后可直接跟动词原形,构成help do sth.结构,表示“帮助做某事”;“减少”对应的初中常用动词是reduce,“饥饿”对应的名词是hunger,组合起来就是reduce hunger,符合题干语义和语法要求。
28.Tu Youyou ________ herself ________ medical research. (投身于)
【答案】 devoted to
【详解】句意:屠呦呦投身于医学研究。句中“投身于”的固定短语是devote oneself to。本句描述的是屠呦呦过去的经历或客观事实,应用一般过去时,动词devote需变为过去式devoted;to为介词,后接名词medical research。
29.Her research ________ ________ ________ all humans. (造福)
【答案】 brings benefits to
【详解】句意:她的研究造福全人类。“造福”即“对……有益”,其英文表达为bring benefits to,句子陈述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,主语“Her research”是名词单数,因此谓语动词用三单形式。
30.The new drug helps millions of people ________ ________ illness. (战胜病痛)
【答案】 fight against
【详解】句意:这种新药帮助数百万人战胜疾病。fight against意为“战胜,对抗”,动词短语;固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,应用动词原形fight。故填fight;against。
31.I study history by ________ ________. (记笔记)
【答案】 taking notes
【详解】句意:我通过记笔记来学习历史。“记笔记”对应的短语是take notes,by是介词,后跟动名词形式,take的动名词形式为taking。
32.Ella wants to know Peter’s ________ ________ ________ physics well. (学习的秘诀)
【答案】 secret to learning
【详解】句意:Ella想知道Peter学好物理的秘诀。“学习的秘诀”英文用the secret to learning,其中secret意为“秘诀”,介词to表示“对于……的”,后接动名词learning。此处Peter’s后接名词短语。
33.By doing ________ ________, Peter finds that he can connect physics with something in real life.(操作实验)
【答案】 hands-on experiments
【详解】句意:通过操作实验,彼得发现他可以将物理与现实生活中的一些事情联系起来。空格前“By doing”,并结合中文提示可知,“操作实验”可表达为hands-on experiments,在句中作宾语。故填hands-on;experiments。
34.I __________ (偶然发现) an old photo album while cleaning the closet.
【答案】came across
【详解】句意:我打扫壁橱的时候偶然发现了一本旧相册。中文“偶然发现”对应英语短语为come across。根据语境可知,动作发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,come的过去式为came,所以填came across。
35.________ (穿上) your warm coat. It’s snowing outside.
【答案】Put on
【详解】句意:穿上你的厚外套。外面正在下雪。put on“穿上”,本句为祈使句,以动词原形开头,句首首字母大写。故填Put on。
36.Before reading a book, I often ________ (浏览) the background information of the writer.
【答案】look through
【详解】句意:在阅读一本书之前,我经常浏览作者的相关背景信息。括号内中文提示为“浏览”,对应动词短语“look through”,且描述一般事实应用一般现在时,主语为“I”,故填look through。
37.Please ________ (放下) your pens and listen to me carefully.
【答案】put down
【详解】句意:请放下你们的笔,仔细听我说。“放下”对应的英文短语为put down。本句为祈使句,空格前“Please”后接动词原形put,故填put down。
38.________ (总的来说), interest plays an important role in study.
【答案】In general
【详解】句意:总的来说,兴趣在学习中发挥着重要的作用。“总的来说”对应短语In general,位于句首作评注性状语,引出总结性观点,句首单词,首字母大写。
39.The best way to study maths is to ________ ________ ________. (多做练习)
【答案】 do more exercises
【详解】句意:学习数学最好的方法是多做练习。The best way to do sth,意为“做某事最好的方法”,to do不定式作后置定语,修饰way,根据汉语提示“多做练习”,对应词组是do more exercises。
40.When you meet a new word, you can ____________in a dictionary or on your phone. (查阅它)
【答案】look it up
【详解】句意:当你遇到生词时,你可以在词典里或者手机上查阅它。情态动词can后接动词原形;“查阅” 固定短语为look up,属于“动词+副词”结构;代词作宾语,代词必须放在动词和副词中间,“它” 指代 a new word,用代词it,故填look it up。
41.We should ____________ the sunny weekend to have a picnic in the park. (利用)
【答案】take advantage of/make use of
【详解】句意:我们应该利用这个晴朗的周末去公园野餐。情态动词should后面接动词原形;“利用” 对应的固定短语是take advantage of或make use of,情态动词后用动词原形,故填take advantage of/make use of。
42.Reading travel books __________ a new world of different cultures for Lily. (打开)
【答案】opened up
【详解】句意:阅读旅行书籍为莉莉打开了一个拥有多元文化的全新世界。句子陈述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时;表示“打开”的短语是open up,其过去式为opened,故填opened up。
43.Lily likes playing the piano; ________, she is good at dancing and painting. (此外)
【答案】in addition
【详解】句意:莉莉喜欢弹钢琴;此外,她擅长跳舞和绘画。括号提示“此外”,in addition是固定短语,可单独放在句中作衔接状语,故填in addition。
44.It is selling very well, ________ (在某种程度上) because the packaging is so attractive.
【答案】in part
【详解】句意:它卖得很好,在某种程度上是因为包装很吸引人。此处需要填入表示“在某种程度上”的短语,对应英文为“in part”,意为“部分地;在某种程度上”,符合句意和语境。
45.Great progress comes ________ ________ ________ (逐步地), not in one day.
【答案】 step by step
【详解】句意:巨大的进步是逐步取得的,而不是一天完成的。根据中文提示“逐步地”以及横线处的三个空格,可知应填入固定短语step by step,意为“一步一步地;逐步地”。
46.Don’t ________ ________ (拖延) today’s work till tomorrow. You should finish it now.
【答案】 put off
【详解】句意:不要把今天的工作拖延到明天,你应该现在就完成它。本句为否定祈使句,Don’t后接动词原形,put off为固定短语,意为“拖延”。
47.Reading every day can help you ____________ (逐步积累) your vocabulary.
【答案】build up
【详解】句意:每天阅读可以帮助你逐步积累词汇量。根据中文提示“逐步积累”,可用动词短语build up,表示“逐渐建立、积累”,help接不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式符号to可省略,此处用动词原形。应填build up。
48.________ (越多) you practise listening, ________ (越能更好) you will understand native speakers.
【答案】 The more the better
【详解】句意:你练习听力越多,你就越能更好地理解母语人士。“越……,越……”用“The+比较级 ..., the+比较级 ...”的固定结构,“越多”用the more,句首首字母大写;“越能更好”用the better,修饰动词understand。
49.Mother ________ the cake ________ eight pieces. (把……分为……)
【答案】 divided into
【详解】句意:妈妈把蛋糕分成八块。“把……分为……”对应的英文短语是divide…into…;主语Mother,句子可使用一般过去时,谓语动词用divided。
50.Looking after three kids all day ________ me ________. (使疲乏)
【答案】 wears out
【详解】句意:整天照顾三个孩子让我很疲乏。“使疲乏”对应的英文短语是wear sb. out;动名词短语作主语,视作单数,句子用一般现在时,谓语动词用wears。
51.The milk ________ ________ (用光了) this morning.
【答案】 ran out
【详解】句意:今天早上牛奶用光了。run out是固定短语,表示(某物)用光、耗尽;时间状语this morning表示过去,动词使用过去式ran,因此分别填ran、out,符合句子逻辑及语境。
52.________(首先), let’s talk about short‑term memory.
【答案】To start with
【详解】句意:首先,让我们来谈谈短时记忆。根据汉语提示,To start with“首先”,句首大写。
53.(就我的情况而言) ________ ________ ________, long‑term memory is much stronger than short‑term memory.
【答案】In my case
【详解】句意:就我的情况而言,长期记忆比短期记忆要强得多。“in my case”为固定短语,含义是“就我的情况而言”,在句中作句首插入语,后面用逗号与主句隔开。
54.While you are taking notes, you had better ________ ________ _______ ________ (关注细节).
【答案】 pay attention to details
【详解】句意:当你记笔记的时候,你最好关注细节。中文提示词“关注”对应的是固定搭配 pay attention to,“细节”对应名词details,用复数形式表示泛指;情态动词had better后面接动词原形。
55.You need to ________ these useful skills ________ ________ (牢记在心).
【答案】 keep in mind
【详解】句意:你需要将这些有用的技能牢记在心。“牢记在心”的英文表达为“keep ... in mind”。“need to do sth.”意为“需要做某事”,to后接动词原形keep。
56.Do not ________ ________ (用尽) all your energy in one single day.
【答案】 use up
【详解】句意:不要在一天之内耗尽你全部的精力。Do not后接动词原形,构成否定祈使句;use up为固定短语,意为“用尽,耗尽”。故填use;up。
57.We can ________ the old things ________ ________ ________(好好利用).
【答案】 put to good use
【详解】句意:我们可以好好利用旧东西。根据汉语提示可知,短语put…to good use表示“好好利用”;情态动词can后面接动词原形。
58.Be careful not to ________ (混淆) the two names.
【答案】mix up
【详解】句意:小心不要混淆这两个名字。空格处在动词不定式符号to后,需用动词原形。“混淆”译为mix up,符合句意。故填mix up。
59.I ________ ________ meet my old friend on the street yesterday. (碰巧)
【答案】 happened to
【详解】句意:我昨天碰巧在街上遇到了我的老朋友。“碰巧做某事”的英文表达为“happen to do sth.”。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,句子应用一般过去时,happen的过去式为happened。
60.The temperature ________ ________ (上升了) 3 degrees overnight and then ________ ________ (上升到) 13 degrees at noon.
【答案】 increased by increased to
【详解】句意:夜间气温上升了3度,中午又上升到13度。 整句描述过去发生的气温变化,需使用动词过去式;固定搭配increase by后接变化差值,对应“上升了”,因此①填increased、②填by;固定搭配increase to后接最终数值,对应“上升到”,and连接并列谓语,时态保持一致,因此③填increased、④填to。
二、完成句子
1.在政府的支持下,村民们开始在沙地里种树。
_________ _________ _________ _________, villagers began to plant trees in sandy land.
【答案】 With the government’s support
【详解】原句中“在……的支持下”为关键词,对应的英语表达为with one's support,在句中作伴随状语。With置于句首首字母大写;the government’s为名词所有格,表示“政府的”;support为不可数名词,意为“支持”。故填With;the;government’s;support。
2.整座山一年四季都被绿树覆盖。
The whole mountain ________________ green trees all year round.
【答案】is covered with
【详解】原句中“被……覆盖”是关键词,固定短语be covered with,意为“被……覆盖”;本句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语“The whole mountain”是单数,be动词使用is,故填is covered with。
3.你了解得越多,你就越珍惜现在的生活。
_______ _______ you know, _______ _______ you will value today’s life.
【答案】 The more the more
【详解】原句关键词“越……,就越……”。固定句型the+比较级,the+比较级,表示越……就越……。the more you know你了解越多,more是副词much的比较级,the more you will value你就越珍惜,more是副词much的比较级。
4.我们经常通过做调查了解家乡的变化。
We often learn about the changes of our hometown by ________ ________.
【答案】 doing surveys
【详解】原句中“做调查”为关键词,对应的英语表达为do surveys。介词by表示“通过某种方式”,后面接动词-ing形式,do变为doing。
5.不要担心水资源短缺。
Don’t ________ ________ ________ the shortage of water.
【答案】 be worried about
【详解】句中“担心”是关键词,英文用be worried about。Don’t后接动词原形be。
6.他轻而易举地完成了任务。
He finished the task ________ ________.
【答案】 with ease
【详解】原句中“轻而易举地”是关键词,对应英文为短语with ease,在句中作方式状语修饰动词finished。
7.这个地区严重缺乏清洁用水。
This area suffers from a serious ________ ________ clean water.
【答案】 lack of
【详解】原句中“缺乏”是关键词,对应英文为短语lack of,a serious lack of意为“严重缺乏”。
8.老师们对学生的学习进步感到满意。
The teachers ________ ________ ________ the students’ progress.
【答案】 are happy with
【详解】原句中“对……感到满意”是关键词,对应英文为短语be happy with,句子时态为一般现在时,主语teachers是复数,be动词用are。
9.总而言之,我们应该更加努力地保护环境。
________ ________, we should work harder to protect the environment.
【答案】 In conclusion
【详解】原句中“总而言之”是关键词,对应英文为短语In conclusion,句首首字母要大写。
10.汤姆下定决心提高他的英语。
Tom ________ ________ ________ improve his English.
【答案】 is determined to
【详解】原句中“下定决心”是关键词,表示“下定决心”的短语是be determined to do sth.。本句主语Tom是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,be动词用is。故填is;determined;to。
11.我的家乡已经发生了很大变化。
Great changes ________ ________ ________ in my hometown.
【答案】 have taken place
【详解】原句中“已经发生”是关键词,“发生”对应表达为动词短语take place;“已经”说明句子为现在完成时,结构为have/has+过去分词;主语Great changes是复数,助动词用have,动词take需用过去分词形式。
12.这座小镇作为一处古老的旅游地而出名。
The town ________ ________ ________ an old tourist place.
【答案】 is famous as
【详解】原句中“作为……而出名”为关键词,对应的英语表达为be famous as;本句介绍小镇的特点,描述客观事实,应用一般现在时。主语The town是单数名词,be动词用is。故填is,famous,as。
13.我的新学校离我家不远。
My new school is not ________ ________ ________ my home.
【答案】 far away from
【详解】原句中“离……不远”是关键词,表示“离……远”的英文是far away from,是形容词短语,not far away from意为“离……不远”。
14.他学习不努力。结果,他考试不及格。
He didn’t study hard. ________ ________ ________, he failed the test.
【答案】 As a result
【详解】原句中“结果”是关键词,对应短语as a result,句首单词首字母大写。故填As;a;result。
15.起初,我们靠手工完成。后来,我们有了机器来协助。
________ the ________, we worked ________ ________. Later, we had machines to help.
【答案】 At beginning by hand
【详解】原句中“起初”是关键词,表示“起初”的短语是at the beginning;“手工”是关键词,表示“手工”的短语是by hand。故填At;beginning;by;hand。
16.这列新的高速列车为乘客们把北京与上海之间的行程时间缩减到大约四个小时。
This new high-speed train ________ the travel time between Beijing and Shanghai ________ about four hours ________ passengers.
【答案】 cuts to for
【详解】原句中“缩减到”和“为”为关键词,“缩减”表达为cut,主语This new high-speed train是单数,一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式cuts;cut…to…为固定搭配,意为“把……缩减到……”;“为(乘客)”表达为介词for,引出对象。故填cuts;to;for。
17.她在大厅里走来走去,寻找自己的座位。
She walked ________ ________ ________ the hall, looking for her seat.
【答案】 up and down
【详解】原句中“走来走去”是关键词。walk up and down意为“来回走动、走来走去”。谓语动词walked已给出,故填up;and;down。
18.He ________ ________ beautiful ________ ________ the East and the West.
他在东西方之间创造了一种美妙的平衡。
【答案】 created a balance between
【详解】原句中“创造了一种美妙的平衡”是关键词,create表示“创造”,此处用一般过去时created;a表示“一种”,修饰单数名词;balance表示“平衡”;between表示“在……之间”,用于两者之间。故填created;a;balance;between。
19.离开前请务必锁门。
Please ____________________ lock the door before you leave.
【答案】make sure to
【详解】原句中“务必”是关键词,表示“务必、确保”的短语是make sure。make sure to do sth.意为“务必做某事”,本句为祈使句,please后面接动词原形。
20.我们的老师们总是引导我们发现解决问题的方法。
Our teachers always ________ ________ ________ discover ways to solve problems.
【答案】 lead us to
【详解】原句中“引导我们……”是关键词,“引导我们做某事”用lead sb. to do sth.,to后加动词原形构成动词不定式,根据always“总是”可知,句子是一般现在时,主语teachers是复数,谓语动词用原形。
21.因为他的家庭负担不起学费,他不得不辍学。
He had to ________ ________ ________ school because his family couldn’t afford the tuition fees.
【答案】 drop out of
【详解】原句中“辍学”是关键词,表示“辍学”的短语是“drop out of school”;“had to”后接动词原形。
22.像这样的故事给予我们勇气与希望。
Stories like this give us ________ and ________.
【答案】 courage hope
【详解】原句中“勇气”和“希望”是关键词,表示“勇气”的名词为courage,表示“希望”的名词为hope,作动词give的宾语。应填courage;hope。
23.只要有可能,我们就应该抵制污染和浪费。
We should ________ ________ pollution and waste whenever possible.
【答案】 fight against
【详解】原句中“抵制”是关键词,表示“对抗”的动词短语是fight against。情态动词should后接动词原形fight。
24.他的精神将永远活在人们心中。
His spirit will ________ ________ forever in people’s hearts.
【答案】 live on
【详解】句中“活在”是关键词。一般将来时标志will后接动词原形,动词短语live on翻译为“继续存在、永存”符合语境。故填live;on。
25.每个人都可以从自身做起,减少塑料的使用。
Everyone can start ________ ________ ________ by reducing plastic use.
【答案】 on their own
【详解】原句中“从自身做起”是关键词。固定短语on one’s own意为“靠自己,从自身做起”;本句主语 Everyone为不定代词,对应的形容词性物主代词用their,构成start on their own,表示从自身做起。
26.当你去外国朋友家做客时, 餐桌上通常能看到刀叉。
Knives and forks are usually seen on the tables when you ________ ________ your foreign friends’ houses.
【答案】 drop by
【详解】原句中关键词是“去……做客”,即“登门拜访”。drop by是固定短语,意思是“顺便拜访、登门做客”,后面可以直接接地点名词。“when”引导时间状语从句,主句是一般现在时,从句主语为“you”,所以谓语动词用原形。故填drop;by。
27.保护环境最重要的是我们应该树立环保意识。
To protect the environment, ________ ________, we should have environmental awareness.
【答案】 above all
【详解】原句中“最重要的是”是关键词。above all是英语常用固定短语,意为“最重要的是、首要的是”,契合句子逻辑。
28.参与环保活动的人数每年都在增加。
________ ________ ________ people taking part in environmental protection activities is growing every year.
【答案】 The number of
【详解】根据中英文对照,空格处缺“……的数量”,The number of 是固定短语,意为“……的数量”,表示具体数目,作主语时谓语动词用单数,与句中 is 一致。故填The;number;of。
29.墨子希望国家之间应该避免互相攻击,无论他们是朋友还是敌人。
Mozi hoped states should ________ ________ one another, ________ they were friends ________ enemies.
【答案】 avoid attacking whether or
【详解】原句中“避免”、“攻击”和“无论……还是……”是关键词,固定搭配avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”,“should”是情态动词,后面接动词原形avoid;“攻击”是attack,应用动名词形式attacking;“无论……还是……”对应固定结构whether…or…,故填avoid;attacking;whether;or。
30.对于他来说勇敢地面对寒冷的天气和高海拔是很困难的,但是他总是继续他的工作。
It was very difficult ________ ________ ________ ________ the cold weather and great heights, but he always ________ ________ his work.
【答案】 for him to brave continued with
【详解】原句中关键词“对某人来说做某事是……的”对应固定句型It was +形容词+for sb to do sth。“继续做某事”对应continue with sth,后半句是一般过去时,因此continue变为过去式continued。
31.然而,许多学生没有意识到这一点,他们在学习上遇到了困难。
However, many students do not realize this, and they ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 have difficulty/trouble learning
【详解】原句中“在学习上遇到了困难”是关键词,表示“在学习上有困难/遇到困难”的短语是have difficulty learning或have trouble learning。本句为一般现在时,主语是they,动词用原形have。故填 have;difficulty/trouble;learning。
32.但你看,我是从零开始的,也遇到过很多问题。我的意思是,你只需要一步步来,从简单的开始,逐步积累。
But you see, I started out at zero and ________ ________ many ________. I mean, you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and ________ ________ .
【答案】 came across problems build up
【详解】原句中“遇到过很多问题”和“逐步积累”是关键词。“遇到过”对应的短语是come across,因前半句为一般过去时,故动词用过去式came;“问题”对应的单词是problem,“many”后接名词复数;“逐步积累”对应的短语是build up,该句为祈使句,祈使句要用动词原形。
33.作为一名积极主动的学习者,华罗庚无论在生活还是学习中遇到什么困难,都保持积极乐观的态度。
As an active learner, Hua Luogeng ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ he met in life and studies.
【答案】 stayed positive no matter what difficulties
【详解】原句中“保持积极乐观的态度”“无论什么困难”是关键词,“保持积极乐观的态度”用stay positive表示,主句描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时,stay变为过去式stayed;“无论什么困难”用no matter what difficulties表示,no matter what引导让步状语从句,difficulties作met的宾语。
34.在老师的鼓励下,她决定采取行动,努力学好英语。
With her teacher’s encouragement,she decided to ________ ________ and work hard at English.
【答案】 take action
【详解】原句中“采取行动”是关键词,表示“采取行动”的英文是take action,固定结构decide to do sth.,to后面要使用动词原形。
35.除了英语,她还会说中文和法语。
________ ________ ________ English, she also speaks Chinese and French.
【答案】 In addition to
【详解】原句中“除了”是关键词,in addition to固定短语,意为“除……之外(还有)”,后接名词/动名词。故填In;addition;to。
36.她总是参加英语角来练习自己的口语。
She always _________ ________ ________ the English corner to practise her spoken English.
【答案】 takes part in
【详解】根据中文“参加”,确定对应的英文短语为take part in。always表示经常性、习惯性动作,本句应用一般现在时。主语She是第三人称单数,动词take需变为takes。故填takes;part;in。
37.她在英语学习上付出了很多努力,最终英语成绩赶超了她的大多数同学。
She put so much effort into her English studies that she was finally ________ ________ most of her classmates in English.
【答案】 ahead of
【详解】原句中“赶超”是关键词,固定搭配ahead of表示“超过、在……前面”,be ahead of为固定短语。因此填ahead;of。
38.研究表明学习的关键就是要有你自己的成长型思维模式。
Studies show that the ________ ________ ________ is to have your own ________ ________.
【答案】 key to learning growth mindset
【详解】原句中“学习的关键”和“成长型思维模式”是关键词。the key to是固定搭配,表示“……的关键”,介词to后面需要接名词或动名词作宾语,learning是动名词,意为“学习”,“学习的关键”用the key to learning表示。“成长型思维模式”用growth mindset表示。growth是名词,意为“成长”,修饰名词mindset。
39.为了提升写作能力,她利用课余时间,坚持每天写英语日记。
To improve her writing skills, she ________ ________ ________ her spare time to keep an English diary daily.
【答案】 took advantage of
【详解】原句中“利用”是关键词。表示“利用”的短语是take advantage of。本句描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,take的过去式是took。故填took;advantage;of。
40.有时,向老师或教练寻求指导也很重要。
Sometimes it is also important to ________ ________ ________ a teacher or a coach.
【答案】 get guidance from
【详解】原句关键词“向……寻求指导”。get guidance from sb.表示从某人那里获得指导。固定句型it is important to do sth.,to后面接动词原形get。故填get;guidance;from。
41.每个人都有学习的能力,而且可以成为成功的学习者。
Everyone has the ________ ________ learn and can become a ________ ________.
【答案】 ability to successful learner
【详解】原句中“有……的能力”和“成功的学习者”是关键词。“有……的能力”对应英文为短语have the ability to,ability to表示“做……的能力”;“成功的学习者”对应英文表达为successful learner,形容词successful作定语修饰名词learner,前有不定冠词a,所以名词learner用单数。
42.在你的学习道路上永远不要灰心。
Never ________ ________ ________ your learning journey.
【答案】 lose heart on
【详解】原文中“灰心”是关键词。根据汉语提示,表示“灰心”的动词词组是lose heart,介词on表示“在……道路上”。故填lose;heart;on。
43.这款葡萄酒由葡萄酿造而成,葡萄是一种特殊的原材料。
This wine ________ ________ ________ grapes, and grape is a special ________ ________.
【答案】 is made from raw material
【详解】原句中“由……酿造而成”是关键词,表示“由……制成”的英文是be made from (看不出原材料),主语“This wine”是第三人称单数,一般现在时,be动词用单数is;表示“原材料”的英文是raw material,形容词raw修饰名词material,位于a之后,用单数material。
44.他不停地问问题直到得到答案。
He ________ ________ asking questions until he got an answer.
【答案】 kept on
【详解】句中“不停地”是关键词;题干前半句缺少谓语,因此应填入动词短语;动词短语keep on doing sth.为固定搭配,翻译为“不停地做某事”,根据句中got可知,时态为一般过去时,keep需变为过去式kept。
45.在我们的日常学习中,我们经常未能注意到这些有用的笔记。
In our daily study, we often ________ ________ notice these useful notes.
【答案】 fail to
【详解】原句中“未能”是关键词,表示“未能做某事”的短语是fail to do sth.。本句为一般现在时,主语we后接动词原形。
46.每学习45分钟,你应该休息一下,放松眼睛。
After studying for 45 minutes, you should ________ ________ ________ to relax your eyes.
【答案】 take a break
【详解】原句中“休息一下”是关键词,表示“休息一下”的英文是take a break,情态动词should后面加动词原形。
47.你可以利用空闲时间来听英语广播。
You can ________ ________ ________ your free time to listen to English radio.
【答案】 make use of
【详解】原句关键词“利用”对应短语make use of;情态动词“can”后面需要接动词原形。
48.最后但同样重要的是,均衡的饮食对大脑健康至关重要。
________ ________ ________ ________, a balanced diet is very important for brain health.
【答案】 Last but not least
【详解】原句中“最后但同样重要的是”为关键信息,固定短语Last but not least,置于句首,首字母大写。
49.语言学习的规则是用进废退,所以要多开口练习。
The rule of language learning is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, so you should practice speaking more.
【答案】 use it or lose it
【详解】原句中“用进废退”对应固定表达“use it or lose it”,直接填入作表语说明“这条规则是什么”,无需变形。
50.智能手机使得我们随时随地获取信息变得便利。
Smartphones ________ ________ ________ for us to get information anytime and anywhere.
【答案】 make it convenient
【详解】原句中“使……变得便利”是关键词,“使……变得……”对应结构“make it+形容词+(for sb.) to do sth.”,其中it作形式宾语,指代后面真正宾语不定式to get information,“便利”对应形容词convenient,作宾语补足语;主语Smartphones为复数,描述客观事实,该句使用一般现在时,谓语动词用原形make。应填make;it;convenient。
51.每年秋天,大雁飞行几千公里去过冬。
Every autumn, wild geese ________ ________ ________ kilometres ________ ________ the winter.
【答案】 fly thousands of to spend
【详解】原句中“飞行”是关键词,对应英文动词fly,主语wild geese为复数,句子描述每年秋天的习惯性动作,用一般现在时,谓语用动词原形;“几千公里”是关键词,对应英文短语thousands of kilometres;“去过冬”是关键词,对应to spend the winter,动词不定式表示目的。
52.另一个方法是把演讲分成小片段。
________ method is ________ ________ the speech ________ short sections.
【答案】 Another to divide into
【详解】原句中“另一个”和“把……分成”是关键词,表示“另一个”的单词是another,后跟名词单数“method”,位于句首,单词首字母需大写;表示“把……分成”的短语是divide ... into,此处用不定式作表语,因此第二空用to,第三空用divide,第四空用into。
53.这个人如果不被立即治疗,他可能会死于受伤。
The man is ________ ________ ________ ________ wounds if he isn’t ________ at once.
【答案】 likely to die from treated
【详解】原句中“可能死于”和“不被治疗”为关键词,“可能”对应英语表达为be likely to do,“死于(外因)”对应英语表达为die from;“被治疗”对应被动结构be treated。根据句意和语法可知,主句使用be likely to do sth(很可能做某事),后接die from引出死亡原因;if引导的条件状语从句为一般现在时被动语态isn’t+过去分词,表达“不被治疗”,treat的过去分词为treated。故填likely;to;die;from;treated。
54.最后,一个朋友告诉我,我应该对自己有信心。
Finally, a friend told me that I should have ________ ________ myself.
【答案】 confidence in
【详解】句中缺少关键词“对……有信心”,可用短语have confidence in表示,句中已有动词have,因此第一个空填不可数名词confidence,第二个空填介词in。
55.我们不知道她刚刚说了什么。
We don’t know ________ ________ ________ just now.
【答案】 what she said
【详解】原句中“她说了什么”是关键词,“她”对应人称代词主格she,句子包含宾语从句,从句要使用陈述语序;时间短语just now表示“刚才”,从句动作发生在过去,谓语动词使用一般过去时,“说”对应过去式said。“什么”对应what,引导宾语从句,在从句内充当said的宾语,故填what;she;said。
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专题03 词汇运用(短语和完成句子)
【期中复习】
一、根据汉语提示完成句子
1.________ (最重要的是), you must believe in yourself.
2.He finished the hard work ________ (轻而易举地).
3.Students in this school _____________ do morning exercises on the playground every day. (过去常常)
4.Every citizen should _____________ to protect our environment. (做出努力)
5.The living conditions in our village have improved a lot _____________ the new policies. (多亏)
6._____________ technology, great changes have taken place in education. (在……的帮助下)
7.It is important for us to ________ to protect the environment. (采取行动)
8.We ________ (仰慕) those who make great contributions to society.
9.In the past, fields ________ ________ ________(被覆盖) thick sand.
10.Great changes ________ ________ ________ (发生) in our hometown over the past 20 years.
11.We ________ ________ ________ ________ (与……保持联系) distant relatives via video calls.
12.Many young people choose to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (返乡创业).
13.Many roads and bridges were built. ________ ________ ________ (因此), travelling saves lots of time.
14.________ ________ (成千上万的) trees have been planted along both sides of the railway.
15.________ ________ ________ (在过去), there were no modern railways in this mountain area.
16.Hard work can ________ ________ (带来) amazing changes to our village.
17.The young man ________ to help the poor children last year. (尽最大努力)
18.________ that he climbed Mount Everest at the age of 65. (据说)
19.He failed his exams and ________ (辍学) last year.
20.He ________ ________ ________ (想出) a plan to test whether cowpox could stop smallpox.
21.Cowpox could ________ people ________ (保护……免受……) getting smallpox.
22.Don’t ________ any rubbish after the picnic. (留下)
23.Never ________ (放弃) your dream even if you meet lots of trouble.
24.We should ________ (做科学研究) to make our country stronger.
25.It’s our duty to ________ (向……学习) those inspiring people.
26.His dream will ________ (实现) as long as he keeps working hard.
27.His research helped ________ ________ (减少饥饿) in many poor countries.
28.Tu Youyou ________ herself ________ medical research. (投身于)
29.Her research ________ ________ ________ all humans. (造福)
30.The new drug helps millions of people ________ ________ illness. (战胜病痛)
31.I study history by ________ ________. (记笔记)
32.Ella wants to know Peter’s ________ ________ ________ physics well. (学习的秘诀)
33.By doing ________ ________, Peter finds that he can connect physics with something in real life.(操作实验)
34.I __________ (偶然发现) an old photo album while cleaning the closet.
35.________ (穿上) your warm coat. It’s snowing outside.
36.Before reading a book, I often ________ (浏览) the background information of the writer.
37.Please ________ (放下) your pens and listen to me carefully.
38.________ (总的来说), interest plays an important role in study.
39.The best way to study maths is to ________ ________ ________. (多做练习)
40.When you meet a new word, you can ____________in a dictionary or on your phone. (查阅它)
41.We should ____________ the sunny weekend to have a picnic in the park. (利用)
42.Reading travel books __________ a new world of different cultures for Lily. (打开)
43.Lily likes playing the piano; ________, she is good at dancing and painting. (此外)
44.It is selling very well, ________ (在某种程度上) because the packaging is so attractive.
45.Great progress comes ________ ________ ________ (逐步地), not in one day.
46.Don’t ________ ________ (拖延) today’s work till tomorrow. You should finish it now.
47.Reading every day can help you ____________ (逐步积累) your vocabulary.
48.________ (越多) you practise listening, ________ (越能更好) you will understand native speakers.
49.Mother ________ the cake ________ eight pieces. (把……分为……)
50.Looking after three kids all day ________ me ________. (使疲乏)
51.The milk ________ ________ (用光了) this morning.
52.________(首先), let’s talk about short‑term memory.
53.(就我的情况而言) ________ ________ ________, long‑term memory is much stronger than short‑term memory.
54.While you are taking notes, you had better ________ ________ _______ ________ (关注细节).
55.You need to ________ these useful skills ________ ________ (牢记在心).
56.Do not ________ ________ (用尽) all your energy in one single day.
57.We can ________ the old things ________ ________ ________(好好利用).
58.Be careful not to ________ (混淆) the two names.
59.I ________ ________ meet my old friend on the street yesterday. (碰巧)
60.The temperature ________ ________ (上升了) 3 degrees overnight and then ________ ________ (上升到) 13 degrees at noon.
二、完成句子
1.在政府的支持下,村民们开始在沙地里种树。
_________ _________ _________ _________, villagers began to plant trees in sandy land.
2.整座山一年四季都被绿树覆盖。
The whole mountain ________________ green trees all year round.
3.你了解得越多,你就越珍惜现在的生活。
_______ _______ you know, _______ _______ you will value today’s life.
4.我们经常通过做调查了解家乡的变化。
We often learn about the changes of our hometown by ________ ________.
5.不要担心水资源短缺。
Don’t ________ ________ ________ the shortage of water.
6.他轻而易举地完成了任务。
He finished the task ________ ________.
7.这个地区严重缺乏清洁用水。
This area suffers from a serious ________ ________ clean water.
8.老师们对学生的学习进步感到满意。
The teachers ________ ________ ________ the students’ progress.
9.总而言之,我们应该更加努力地保护环境。
________ ________, we should work harder to protect the environment.
10.汤姆下定决心提高他的英语。
Tom ________ ________ ________ improve his English.
11.我的家乡已经发生了很大变化。
Great changes ________ ________ ________ in my hometown.
12.这座小镇作为一处古老的旅游地而出名。
The town ________ ________ ________ an old tourist place.
13.我的新学校离我家不远。
My new school is not ________ ________ ________ my home.
14.他学习不努力。结果,他考试不及格。
He didn’t study hard. ________ ________ ________, he failed the test.
15.起初,我们靠手工完成。后来,我们有了机器来协助。
________ the ________, we worked ________ ________. Later, we had machines to help.
16.这列新的高速列车为乘客们把北京与上海之间的行程时间缩减到大约四个小时。
This new high-speed train ________ the travel time between Beijing and Shanghai ________ about four hours ________ passengers.
17.她在大厅里走来走去,寻找自己的座位。
She walked ________ ________ ________ the hall, looking for her seat.
18.He ________ ________ beautiful ________ ________ the East and the West.
他在东西方之间创造了一种美妙的平衡。
19.离开前请务必锁门。
Please ____________________ lock the door before you leave.
20.我们的老师们总是引导我们发现解决问题的方法。
Our teachers always ________ ________ ________ discover ways to solve problems.
21.因为他的家庭负担不起学费,他不得不辍学。
He had to ________ ________ ________ school because his family couldn’t afford the tuition fees.
22.像这样的故事给予我们勇气与希望。
Stories like this give us ________ and ________.
23.只要有可能,我们就应该抵制污染和浪费。
We should ________ ________ pollution and waste whenever possible.
24.他的精神将永远活在人们心中。
His spirit will ________ ________ forever in people’s hearts.
25.每个人都可以从自身做起,减少塑料的使用。
Everyone can start ________ ________ ________ by reducing plastic use.
26.当你去外国朋友家做客时, 餐桌上通常能看到刀叉。
Knives and forks are usually seen on the tables when you ________ ________ your foreign friends’ houses.
27.保护环境最重要的是我们应该树立环保意识。
To protect the environment, ________ ________, we should have environmental awareness.
28.参与环保活动的人数每年都在增加。
________ ________ ________ people taking part in environmental protection activities is growing every year.
29.墨子希望国家之间应该避免互相攻击,无论他们是朋友还是敌人。
Mozi hoped states should ________ ________ one another, ________ they were friends ________ enemies.
30.对于他来说勇敢地面对寒冷的天气和高海拔是很困难的,但是他总是继续他的工作。
It was very difficult ________ ________ ________ ________ the cold weather and great heights, but he always ________ ________ his work.
31.然而,许多学生没有意识到这一点,他们在学习上遇到了困难。
However, many students do not realize this, and they ________ ________ ________.
32.但你看,我是从零开始的,也遇到过很多问题。我的意思是,你只需要一步步来,从简单的开始,逐步积累。
But you see, I started out at zero and ________ ________ many ________. I mean, you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and ________ ________ .
33.作为一名积极主动的学习者,华罗庚无论在生活还是学习中遇到什么困难,都保持积极乐观的态度。
As an active learner, Hua Luogeng ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ he met in life and studies.
34.在老师的鼓励下,她决定采取行动,努力学好英语。
With her teacher’s encouragement,she decided to ________ ________ and work hard at English.
35.除了英语,她还会说中文和法语。
________ ________ ________ English, she also speaks Chinese and French.
36.她总是参加英语角来练习自己的口语。
She always _________ ________ ________ the English corner to practise her spoken English.
37.她在英语学习上付出了很多努力,最终英语成绩赶超了她的大多数同学。
She put so much effort into her English studies that she was finally ________ ________ most of her classmates in English.
38.研究表明学习的关键就是要有你自己的成长型思维模式。
Studies show that the ________ ________ ________ is to have your own ________ ________.
39.为了提升写作能力,她利用课余时间,坚持每天写英语日记。
To improve her writing skills, she ________ ________ ________ her spare time to keep an English diary daily.
40.有时,向老师或教练寻求指导也很重要。
Sometimes it is also important to ________ ________ ________ a teacher or a coach.
41.每个人都有学习的能力,而且可以成为成功的学习者。
Everyone has the ________ ________ learn and can become a ________ ________.
42.在你的学习道路上永远不要灰心。
Never ________ ________ ________ your learning journey.
43.这款葡萄酒由葡萄酿造而成,葡萄是一种特殊的原材料。
This wine ________ ________ ________ grapes, and grape is a special ________ ________.
44.他不停地问问题直到得到答案。
He ________ ________ asking questions until he got an answer.
45.在我们的日常学习中,我们经常未能注意到这些有用的笔记。
In our daily study, we often ________ ________ notice these useful notes.
46.每学习45分钟,你应该休息一下,放松眼睛。
After studying for 45 minutes, you should ________ ________ ________ to relax your eyes.
47.你可以利用空闲时间来听英语广播。
You can ________ ________ ________ your free time to listen to English radio.
48.最后但同样重要的是,均衡的饮食对大脑健康至关重要。
________ ________ ________ ________, a balanced diet is very important for brain health.
49.语言学习的规则是用进废退,所以要多开口练习。
The rule of language learning is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, so you should practice speaking more.
50.智能手机使得我们随时随地获取信息变得便利。
Smartphones ________ ________ ________ for us to get information anytime and anywhere.
51.每年秋天,大雁飞行几千公里去过冬。
Every autumn, wild geese ________ ________ ________ kilometres ________ ________ the winter.
52.另一个方法是把演讲分成小片段。
________ method is ________ ________ the speech ________ short sections.
53.这个人如果不被立即治疗,他可能会死于受伤。
The man is ________ ________ ________ ________ wounds if he isn’t ________ at once.
54.最后,一个朋友告诉我,我应该对自己有信心。
Finally, a friend told me that I should have ________ ________ myself.
55.我们不知道她刚刚说了什么。
We don’t know ________ ________ ________ just now.
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