Unit 1 Science and Scientists（图文版知识清单）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元核心知识 词性转换 1 infect /in'fekt/ 2 frustrate /frA'strert/ vt.使感染；传染 海 vt.使沮丧 →infection →frustrated ad.沮丧的；失意的 → frustrating adj.令入沮丧的 n.感染；传染 → frustration n.挫败 3 contradict /.kontra'dikt/ transform /traens'fo:m/ NO V.反驳；与…矛盾 V.改变；转变 →contradictory ad,相互矛盾的；对立的 →transformation n.变化；改造 → contradiction n.矛盾 5 theory /'erari/ think /0mk/ n.理论 v.思考 →theoretical ad,理论的 →thinking n.思想；思维；见解 提醒；theoretical framework理论框架 pure /pjua(r)/ 8 substantial /sab'staenj/ ad.纯的；纯净的 ad.大量的；重大的 →purify v.净化 →substantially adv..大体上；极大地 purity n.纯净 initial /rn START 10 intervene /.ita'vi:n/ ad.最初的；开始的 i.干预；介入 →initially adv.起初；开始 →intervention n.介入；干涉 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元核心知识 bacteria virus 二、 核心单词 单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配 severe /sI'vIa(r)/ 十分严重的； severe disease adj. 严厉的 重病 infection 又 /In'fekJn/ 感染；传染 prevent infection n. 预防感染 contradictory 相互矛盾的； /,kpntra'dIktari/ adj. contradictory opinions x 对立的 相矛盾观点 suspect vt. 怀疑；不信任 suspect sb of doing sth /sa'spekt/ 怀疑某人做某事 n. 嫌疑人 blame vt. 责怪；归咎于 blame sb for sth /bleIm/ 因某事责怪某人； n. 责备 be to blame应承担责任 transform 改变；转变 transform A into B /traens'fo:m/ v. 把A转变为B 好 Unit 1 Key Science and Scientists Phrases 单元核心知识 二、核心单词（续】 单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配 V. 减少 decrease by下降了； decrease /dI'kri:s/ n. 降低 decrease to下降到 NEWS subscribe to同意； subscribe /sab'skraIb/ vi. 订阅；定期交纳 订阅（报刊） intervention /,Inta'venfn/ n. 介入；干预 government intervention 政府干预 vt. 处理；操纵 handle handle problems /'haendl/ n. 把手 处理难题 三、重点短语 once and for all 6 above all 最终地；彻底地 最重要的是；尤其是 汝 subscribe to NEWS trace back 同意；赞同；定期订购 SUBSCRIBS 追溯；追踪 Q break out 3 8 thanks to (战争、疾病等)爆发； 幸亏；由于 突然发生 4 in charge of a deal with handle 掌管；主管 处理；操纵 Manager 6 come down 10 transform...into... 患上（小病）；染上 把…转变为… Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元核心知识 四、重点句型 John Snow untili引导时间状语从句 Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world,until a British doctor,John Snow, showed how it could be overcome 霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一，直到英国医生 约翰·斯诺揭示了战胜它的方法。 because引导原因状语从句 As a young doctor,John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. 年轻时身为医生，约翰·斯诺十分沮丧，因为没人知道 该如何预防和治疗霍乱。 One theory was that.,(that引导表语从句，单元核心语法) One theory was that bad air caused the disease. 一种理论认为，污浊空气引发了这种疾病。 s0..that..结果状语从句 He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days 500+ 他发现，两条特定街道的霍乱疫情极其严重，十天内就有 500多人丧生。 骨中骨0中 It seemed that..主语从句；have sth done使役结构 It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 这位女士似乎十分喜欢水泵的水，于是让人每天把水送到家中。 Cholera Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元核心知识 Cholera coses 四、重点句型 what引导主语从句 What John Snow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome. 约翰·斯诺向世人展示的是战胜霍乱的办法。 wherei引导表语从句 The exact places Snow marked on the map were where all those who died had lived. 斯诺在地图上标记的地点，正是所有死者居住的地方。 8 动名词作主语 Finding the cause of the disease will help us prevent it from spreading 找到疾病成因将帮助我们阻止疾病传播。 though引导让步状语从句 Besides being brilliant,he was brave,though sometimes careless in what he said or did. 他才华出众，同时十分勇敢，尽管言行偶尔有些随意。 10 There is no doubt that.同位语从句 There is no doubt that John Snow made a great contribution to public health. 毫无疑问，约翰·斯诺为公共卫生事业做出了巨大贡献。 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元核心知识 五、核心语法 表语从句Predicative clauses 概念 表语从句放在系动词(be,become,seem,look,remain,proves等) 之后，在复合句中作表语，用来对主语进行解释、说明、补充。 引导词分类 ●that 无词义，不充当句子成分，不可省略 The truth is that cholera was spread by polluted water. 事实是霍乱由受污染的水源传播。 ●whether 是否，不作成分，不能替换f The problem is whether we can find the cause of the disease. 问题是我们能否找到这种疾病的诱因。 ●连接代词 在从句中充当主/宾/定语 what who /whom/ This is what John Snow discovered whose/which 这就是约翰·斯诺的发现。 ●连接副词 在从句中作状语 when/where/why/how That is why he carried out the experiment. 那就是他开展实验的原因。 常见系动词分类 be动词 变化类 感官类 状态类 ☆ become,get, look,sound, seem,appear, turn,grow taste,smell,feel remain,prove 易混提醒 表语从句≠定语从句；表语从句位于系动词后，定语从句位于名词后。