内容正文:
人教版 · 九年级上册 Unit 4 词汇趣味讲义
Our Memory · 64 个词条(含短语与专有名词)轻松拿下
(本讲义依据人教版九年级上册 Unit 4 词汇表编写,收录全部 64 个词条;音标、词性与释义以课本为准。)
使用说明 · 30 分钟学习路线
★ 目标:学完本讲义,你能认读、拼写 Unit 4 的 64 个词条,会用 run out、mix up、go through、keep in mind、wear out 等高频搭配,并能简要介绍记忆是如何工作的。
★ 路线:① 读一读热身故事,猜猜加粗单词的意思 → ② 对照“单词大本营”逐个记 → ③ 跟着“读音密码”读准 → ④ 背下“搭配加油站” → ⑤ 完成“趣味闯关”并对照答案。
Part 1 · 热身故事:《Our Memory》
Our Memory
Memory has a special position in the brain. When sadness comes and your energy seems to run out (of sth), your brain reacts fast. Don’t mix up the steps. Our teacher writes put sth to good use on the board; a chain of stable habits makes memory strong.
At a lecture, a teacher tells her grandson to retell each story, memorize key words and tick every right answer. When you go through a long passage, think what may happen to you. Please keep (...) in mind the main idea. In any case — and in sb's case if he is tired — take a short break.
Imagine an opera ticket in your wallet before a picnic! “Pardon me?” At the airport, a loud gunshot made every grown-up recall the day. News through the grapevine can give a real boost to memory.
“To start with,” the teacher says, “we have short-term memory and long-term memory. A good technique is to read a passage twice. You are likely to wear out if you cram. Let’s discuss the pictures: every image and graph helps. In my view, this is the most effective way.”
An engine needs fuel; a website needs an address, a password and an account. Each login can increase your memory. Think of wild animals: blood and a wound after a fight, or a lost boy at the mall.
Take a notebook and draw a squirrel holding a nut and a clever dolphin; you will recognize them at once. Write an outline and fully divide the text — learn to divide sth into small parts. Memory is not one-size-fits-all!”, say Rick, Johnny and Bob.
(故事里的加粗词条共 64 个,正好是本单元的全部词汇——先读一遍,能猜出几个意思?)
Part 2 · 单词大本营(64 个词条全收录)
★ 记单词有方法:拆词、谐音、联想、对比、成对记,找到适合你的那一招!
序号
单词
音标
词性
释义
趣味记忆法
1
position
/pəˈzɪʃn/
n.
位置;地方 v. 安置;使处于
posit(放置)+ ion = position 位置。
2
sadness
/ˈsædnəs/
n.
悲伤
sad(悲伤的)+ ness = sadness 悲伤。
3
run out (of sth)
用完;耗尽
短语:run out (of sth) 用完、耗尽。
4
react
/riˈækt/
v.
作出反应;回应
re(回)+ act(行动)= react 回应。
5
mix up
混淆;弄乱
短语:mix up 混淆、弄乱。
6
put sth to good use
有效使用(或利用)某物
短语:put sth to good use 有效利用某物。
7
chain
/tʃeɪn/
n.
链条
chain 链条;chain reaction 连锁反应。
8
stable
/ˈsteɪbl/
adj.
稳定的;稳固的
stable 稳定的;名词 stability。
9
lecture
/ˈlektʃə(r)/
n.
讲座;讲课
lecture 讲座;lecturer 演讲者。
10
retell
/ˌriːˈtel/
v.
复述
re(再)+ tell(讲)= retell 复述。
11
memorize
/ˈmeməraɪz/
(=memorise) v.
记住;记忆
memory(记忆)+ ize = memorize 记住。
12
tick
/tɪk/
v.
给……打钩 n. 对号;钩号
tick 打钩;也作名词“对号”。
13
grandson
/ˈɡrænsʌn/
n.
孙子;外孙
grand(大)+ son(儿子)= grandson 孙子。
14
go through
经历;仔细察看
短语:go through 经历、仔细察看。
15
happen to
发生于;使遭遇
短语:happen to 发生于、使遭遇。
16
keep (...) in mind
记在心中;记住
短语:keep (...) in mind 记住。
17
case
/keɪs/
n.
情况;事实
case 情况;in case 以防万一。
18
in sb's case
就某人的情况而言
短语:in sb's case 就某人的情况而言。
19
opera
/ˈɒprə/
n.
歌剧;歌剧团
opera 歌剧;Peking Opera 京剧。
20
ticket
/ˈtɪkɪt/
n.
入场券;票
tick + et:ticket 票、入场券。
21
wallet
/ˈwɒlɪt/
n.
钱包
wallet 钱包;wall + et 联想“墙中小包”。
22
picnic
/ˈpɪknɪk/
n.
野餐
picnic 野餐;go on a picnic 去野餐。
23
pardon
/ˈpɑːdn/
v.
原谅 interj. 请再说一遍;抱歉
pardon 原谅;I beg your pardon. 请再说一遍。
24
airport
/ˈeəpɔːt/
n.
机场
合成词:air(空)+ port(港)= airport 机场。
25
gunshot
/ˈɡʌnʃɒt/
n.
枪声;(射出的)炮弹
合成词:gun(枪)+ shot(声)= gunshot 枪声。
26
grown-up
/ˌɡrəʊnˈʌp/
adj.
成年的
grown(长大的)+ up = grown-up 成年人。
27
recall
/rɪˈkɔːl/
v.
回忆起;回想起
re(回)+ call(叫)= recall 回想。
28
grapevine
/ˈɡreɪpvaɪn/
n.
葡萄藤;葡萄树
合成词:grape(葡萄)+ vine(藤)= grapevine 葡萄藤。
29
boost
/buːst/
v.
促进;使增长 n. 帮助;增长
boost 促进、推动;boost memory 增强记忆。
30
to start with
首先
短语:to start with 首先(= first)。
31
short-term
/ˈʃɔːt ˈtɜːm/
adj.
短期的
合成词:short(短)+ term(期)= 短期的。
32
long-term
/ˈlɒŋ ˈtɜːm/
adj.
长期的
合成词:long(长)+ term = 长期的。
33
technique
/tekˈniːk/
n.
技巧
technical(技术的)的名词:technique 技巧。
34
passage
/ˈpæsɪdʒ/
n.
段落;走廊
passage 段落;也指“走廊”。
35
likely
/ˈlaɪkli/
adj.
可能的
like(像)+ ly = likely 可能的。
36
wear out
使疲乏;磨损
短语:wear out 磨损、使疲乏。
37
discuss
/dɪˈskʌs/
v.
讨论;谈论;商量
dis + cuss:discuss 讨论;名词 discussion。
38
image
/ˈɪmɪdʒ/
n.
图像;形象
image 图像;imagine 想象的同源。
39
graph
/ɡrɑːf/
n.
图;图表
graph 图表;photograph 照片、telegraph 电报。
40
view
/vjuː/
v.
看;观看 n. 观点;视野
view 观点、视野;动词“看”。
41
effective
/ɪˈfektɪv/
adj.
有效的
effect(效果)+ ive = effective 有效的。
42
engine
/ˈendʒɪn/
n.
发动机
engine 发动机;engineer 工程师。
43
fuel
/ˈfjuːəl/
n.
燃料
fuel 燃料;fuel the car 给车加油。
44
address
/əˈdres/
n.
地址
address 地址;动词“演讲”。
45
password
/ˈpɑːswɜːd/
n.
密码;口令
合成词:pass(通过)+ word(话)= password 密码。
46
account
/əˈkaʊnt/
n.
账户;账目
account 账户;a bank account 银行账户。
47
increase
/ˈɪŋkriːs/
n.
增长 /ɪnˈkriːs/ v. 增加
in + crease:increase 增长;重音名动不同。
48
wild
/waɪld/
adj.
野生的;自然生长的
wild 野生的;wildlife 野生动植物。
49
blood
/blʌd/
n.
血
blood 血;blood type 血型。
50
wound
/wuːnd/
n.
伤口;创伤 v. 使受伤
wound 伤口(≠wound 风的过去式 wound)。
51
mall
/mɔːl/
n.
购物商场
mall 购物商场;shopping mall。
52
notebook
/ˈnəʊtbʊk/
n.
笔记本;笔记本电脑
合成词:note(笔记)+ book = notebook。
53
squirrel
/ˈskwɪrəl/
n.
松鼠
squirrel 松鼠(注意 squ 读 /skw/)。
54
nut
/nʌt/
n.
坚果
nut 坚果;花生 walnut 里有 nut。
55
dolphin
/ˈdɒlfɪn/
n.
海豚
dolphin 海豚;dolf 谐音“豆腐”。
56
recognize
/ˈrekəɡnaɪz/
(=recognise) v.
辨认出;认可
re + cognize:recognize 辨认出。
57
outline
/ˈaʊtlaɪn/
n.
纲要 v. 概述
out(外)+ line(线)= outline 纲要、轮廓。
58
fully
/ˈfʊli/
adv.
完全地
full(完全的)+ ly = fully 完全地。
59
divide
/dɪˈvaɪd/
v.
(把……)分成
di + vide:divide 分成;division 除法。
60
divide sth into
把某物分为
短语:divide sth into 把某物分为。
61
one-size-fits-all
/ˌwʌn saɪz fɪts ˈɔːl/
adj.
通用的
合成习语:one-size-fits-all 通用的、一刀切的。
62
Rick
/rɪk/
里克
专有名词:Rick 里克(人名)。
63
Johnny
/ˈdʒɒni/
约翰尼
专有名词:Johnny 约翰尼(人名)。
64
Bob
/bɒb/
鲍勃
专有名词:Bob 鲍勃(人名)。
Part 3 · 读音密码(4 条语音规律)
① 记忆短语家族:run out (of sth)、mix up、go through、happen to、keep (...) in mind、wear out、divide sth into。—— 全部围绕“记忆与遗忘”。
② 词族:memorize → memory;react → reaction;effective → effect;recognize → recognition;stable → stability。—— 后缀 -ize 是动词、-tion/-ity 是名词。
③ 易混:wallet(钱包)↔ ticket(票);dolphin(海豚)↔ squirrel(松鼠);wound(伤口)≠ wound(wind 的过去式)。—— 看图记最清楚。
④ 合成词:grandson、airport、gunshot、grown-up、grapevine、notebook、password、short-term。—— 拆成两个熟词就记住了。
Part 4 · 搭配加油站(8 组高频搭配)
搭配
意思
例句(本单元情境)
run out (of sth)
用完
When energy runs out, take a break.
mix up
混淆
Don't mix up the two words.
go through
经历;仔细察看
Go through the passage again.
keep (...) in mind
记住
Keep the main idea in mind.
in case
以防万一
Take a note in case you forget.
wear out
磨损;使疲乏
Your brain wears out after long study.
divide sth into
把……分为
Divide the text into parts.
to start with
首先
To start with, we have two memories.
Part 5 · 趣味闯关(6 关通关秘籍)
关卡一 · 单词消消乐(选词填空)
【account】 【address】 【effective】 【increase】 【lecture】 【passage】 【position】 【recognize】 【technique】 【wallet】
1. Memory has a special ___ in the brain.
2. We listened to a ___ on memory.
3. Please read the long ___ twice.
4. This is the most ___ way.
5. A good ___ helps you remember.
6. Practice can ___ your memory.
7. You will ___ the word at once.
8. My ___ was lost at the mall.
9. Please write your e-mail ___.
10. You need a password for your ___.
关卡二 · 火眼金睛(单项选择)
1. When your energy seems to ___, take a break.
A. run out B. mix up C. wear out D. go through
2. Don’t ___ the two similar words.
A. mix up B. run out C. keep in mind D. divide into
3. ___ the passage before you answer.
A. Go through B. Wear out C. Run out D. Mix up
4. Please ___ the main idea in mind.
A. keep B. tick C. react D. recall
5. You are ___ to forget after cramming.
A. likely B. stable C. wild D. fully
6. ___ the text into small parts.
A. Divide B. Boost C. Recall D. Memorize
关卡三 · 单词找房间(词性分类)
把下列 12 个单词按词性送进正确的“房间”(填序号即可)。
1. react 2. sadness 3. stable 4. fully 5. chain 6. likely 7. discuss 8. image 9. recall 10. effective 11. position 12. ticket
房间
住进来的单词(填序号)
名词房
____________________________
动词房
____________________________
形容词房
____________________________
副词房
____________________________
关卡四 · 最佳搭档(搭配连线)
把左边的词(组)与右边正确的意思连起来。
左(搭配)
右(意思)
1. run
a. out (of sth)(用完)
2. mix
b. up(混淆)
3. go
c. through(经历)
4. keep ... in
d. mind(记住)
5. in
e. case(以防万一)
6. wear
f. out(磨损)
7. divide sth
g. into(把……分为)
8. to start
h. with(首先)
关卡五 · 我是翻译官(中译英)
1. 当你的精力似乎用完时,就休息一下。(run out of, energy)
2. 不要把这两个相似的单词弄混。(mix up, similar)
3. 回答问题前再仔细看一遍这段文字。(go through, passage)
4. 请记住文章的大意。(keep ... in mind, main idea)
5. 长时间学习后大脑会疲倦。(wear out, brain)
6. 把课文分成几个小部分。(divide ... into, parts)
关卡六 · 谜语大挑战(脑筋急转弯)
1. I am a small flat case for money and cards. You carry me in your bag. What am I?
2. I am a clever sea animal. I jump out of the water and make sounds. What am I?
3. I am a small animal with a big tail. I collect nuts for winter. What am I?
(提示:三道题的答案里藏着 wallet、dolphin、squirrel 三个单词。)
Part 6 · 参考答案
关卡一 · 单词消消乐
1. position 2. lecture 3. passage 4. effective 5. technique 6. increase 7. recognize 8. wallet 9. address 10. account
关卡二 · 火眼金睛
1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A
关卡三 · 单词找房间
名词房:2、5、8、11、12; 动词房:1、7、9; 形容词房:3、6、10; 副词房:4。
关卡四 · 最佳搭档
1-a 2-b 3-c 4-d 5-e 6-f 7-g 8-h
关卡五 · 我是翻译官(参考答案)
1. When your energy seems to run out, take a break.
2. Don't mix up the two similar words.
3. Go through the passage again before you answer.
4. Please keep the main idea in mind.
5. The brain wears out after long study.
6. Divide the text into small parts.
关卡六 · 谜语大挑战
1. A wallet.
2. A dolphin.
3. A squirrel.
Part 7 · 我的词汇打卡清单
每掌握一个词,就在对应的格子里打“√”。全部 64 个√,你就是本单元的单词小达人!
单词
会读
会拼
会用
position
sadness
run out (of sth)
react
mix up
put sth to good use
chain
stable
lecture
retell
memorize
tick
grandson
go through
happen to
keep (...) in mind
case
in sb's case
opera
ticket
wallet
picnic
pardon
airport
gunshot
grown-up
recall
grapevine
boost
to start with
short-term
long-term
technique
passage
likely
wear out
discuss
image
graph
view
effective
engine
fuel
address
password
account
increase
wild
blood
wound
mall
notebook
squirrel
nut
dolphin
recognize
outline
fully
divide
divide sth into
one-size-fits-all
Rick
Johnny
Bob
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