语法复习：被动语态 课件（含学案） -2027届高三一轮复习语法专项

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦被动语态专题，依据新课标语法项目列表覆盖7种时态被动语态，对接高考评价体系分析近5年真题，明确语法填空（约60%）、单项填空（30%）等常考题型，高频考点集中于一般现在、过去、将来时及现在完成时被动，构建系统备考框架。 课件亮点在于“真题溯源+重难点突破+素养提升”策略，如以2022新高考I卷“is designed”、2024新高考II卷“was built”为例解析时态判定，针对主动表被动、使役动词被动to还原等易错点培养思维品质，融入写作运用提升语言能力，助力学生构建知识体系，教师可精准把握考点实现高效复习。

私家英语 2027届语法一轮复习学案 被动语态 语篇感知 On August 26, Gyirong Port in Xizang 1. (strike) by a devastating debrisflow, bringing huge losses to local communities. Before the disaster occurred, enough earlywarning facilities 2. (construct) in nearby villages when the heavy rain poured down. Rescue access routes 3. (block) by fallen rocks before rescuers got close to the core disaster area. Now the public 4. (warn) against entering the dangerous mountain zone by local officials. At present, the total economic loss 5. (calculate) by professional working groups. Since the disaster, lots of supplies 6. (send) to the affected residents. Visitors 7. (keep) off the valley to avoid potential risks. More temporary shelters 8. (build) for survivors in the weeks ahead. By the end of next month, all damaged local roads 9. (repair). Experts state that new monitoring systems 10. (test) continuously for geological risk prevention in the coming years. [规则感悟]　①是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were＋过去分词。②是过去进行时的被动语态，结构为was/were＋being＋过去分词。③是过去完成时的被动语态，结构为had been＋过去分词。④是一般现在时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are＋过去分词。⑤是现在进行时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are＋being＋过去分词。⑥是现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been＋过去分词。⑦是带情态动词的被动语态，结构为情态动词＋be＋过去分词。⑧是一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will＋be＋过去分词。⑨是将来完成时的被动语态，结构为will＋have been＋过去分词。⑩是将来进行时的被动语态，结构为will＋be＋being＋过去分词。 动词时态语态基本结构(以动词do为例) 高考真题 1.（2025年全国高考一卷）“The players’  personalities ______________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 58 tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 2.（2025年北京卷）By the time you brushed your teeth, you had made several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes _________________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 3.（2024新高考II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, __________ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4.（2024全国甲卷）What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 5. (2024浙江卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____________ (offer) in smaller packs. 6. (2023新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _____________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 7. (2023全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _______________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 8.(2022新高考I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 9.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _______________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? 10. (2022浙江1月卷) Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____________________________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 11. (2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 12. (2021天津卷) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. 13. (2021浙江1月卷) It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ____________ (consider) healthy. 14. (2021浙江6月卷) Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ____________(paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. 15.(2020天津卷) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ____________ (remain) around that level since. 16. (2020北京卷) Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they ____________ (throw) away. 17. (2020全国I卷) “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ____________ (construct)”. 18. (2020全国III卷) The artist was sure he would __________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 19. (2020浙江7月卷) And，as more children were born，more food ____________ (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology to change lives. 20.（2020新高考）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. 21.（2026年全国卷二卷）Now, I ________(suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 22.（2026全国一卷）As transportation and communication 59________ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. More Practice： 1.（·江苏卷 单项填空） I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years. A. had been carried out B. would be carried out C. is being carried out D. has been carried out 2. （·新课标II卷·语法填空）Steam engines _____________(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been（fairly） (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 3. （·新课标III卷·语法填空）Sarah_____________(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. 4.（·北京卷﹒单项填空）The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ____________ with success in the end. A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded 5.（·江苏卷 单项填空）More efforts, as reported, ____________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. A.are made B.will be made C.are being made D.have been made 6.（·全国新课标卷I 语法填空）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I ___________________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 7.（·上海卷 语法填空）In recent years, stress (33) ______________________ (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. 8.（·四川卷 语法填空）The giant panda ___________________(love) by people throughout the world. 1. （·北京卷·单项填空）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days. A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped 2. （·天津卷·单项填空）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 3. （·北京卷·单项填空）In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 4. （·天津卷·单项填空） Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 5.I got caught in the rain on my way home and my new suit_________. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. had been ruined D. has been ruined 6.Now all the employees except the manager _________ to work online at home. A. encourages B. encourage C.is encouraged D. are encouraged 7.He __________ everywhere for materials and finally his efforts paid off. The medicine __________ to be very effective. A. looked; was proved B. explored; was proved C. sought; has proved D. hunted; was proving 8.—What’s that noise? — Oh, I forget to tell you. The new machine________. A.is testing B. was being tested C.is being tested D. has been tested 9.The plan for Xiongan New Area ________ officially on April 1,2017. A. announced B. was announced C. announces D.is announced 10.Ann ______ a certificate at the end of the program to show she has learned computer skills. A. will give B. will be given C. gave D. was given 11.Martin Luther King demanded that people of all races ______. A. were equally treated B. should treat equally C.be equally treated D. are giving equal rights 12.Different types of teas ______ by skilled tea-tasters before appearing in the Tea Trade Centre. A. are tasted B. were tasted C. tasted D. have tasted 13.—Do you think he can win the prize for the race? —Impossible now. He ________ to do so, but he has just had his right leg hurt. A. has expected B.is expected C. would expect D. was expected 14.Today, the forests have almost gone. People must _________down too many trees. A. stop to cut B. stop from cutting C.be stopped to cut D.be stopped from cutting 翻译练习 1.这件事最终成功地解决了，使我们感到非常快慰。(relief) 2.已经警告过他们，天气不好,不要登山。(warn) 3.五年经济发展计划正在顺利进行。(carry out) 4.因为大雨，校运会将不得不推迟。(put off) 5.这个村庄每年不得不把许多钱花在药品上。(spend) 6.申请材料需精心准备,这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确的了解。(in order that) 专题时文阅读02环境保护 基础篇 Solutions to Plastic Pollution 塑料污染解决方案 巩固篇 Chile cracks down on Easter Island tourism to protect environment 智利打击复活节岛旅游以保护环境 提高篇 China establishes AI monitoring platform to protect wildlife 中国建立人工智能监测平台保护野生动物 专项微练 单句语法填空 情态动词专项训练 真题精选 高考模拟衔接 名校真题演练 【原创题】 【基础篇】 Proclaimed by the United Nations in 1972, World Environment Day is considered 1 (be) the biggest international day for the environment, and has been observed 2 (annual) on June 5 since 1973 in a bid to "highlight that the protection and health of the environment is a major issue, 3 affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world," according to a UNESCO website. According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the day 4 (grow) to be the largest global platform for 5 (environment) outreach. And under the theme of "Solutions to Plastic Pollution," this year's edition calls for global solutions and actions to combat the increasing threat of plastic to the environment, 6 (invite) people from every corner of the earth to join the BeatPlasticPollution campaign. In China, great efforts have been made to fight plastic pollution over the past decades. 7 measures already in place – such as the restriction of the production, sale and use of certain plastics, the promotion of the development of degradable, recycle-friendly alternative products, and national-level environmental conservation awareness campaigns, 8 (individual)have also been responding to the call, trying to make 9 difference in this fight against plastic pollution. Among one of the latest moves, volunteers from Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, offered tourists biodegradable bags in exchange for their plastic bags, in the hope of reducing the use of plastic bags and protecting 10 (they) much-cherished local islands. 【巩固篇】 Chile is cracking down on tourists and non-local residents on its remote Easter Island, in a bid 1 (protect) the famed destination’s environment and heritage, and tackle rising crime. New rules came 2 effect on Wednesday reducing the time that tourists – foreigners, but also Chileans not part of the Rapa Nui people – can stay on the island from 90 to 30 days. Those wishing to visit Easter Island must now fill out a special form, have a hotel reservation or present a letter of invitation from 3 islander, along with showing round trip tickets. Those 4 wish to live on the island are required to be a parent, partner or child of the Rapa Nui people. Others who will 5 (allow) to stay are public servants, employees of organizations that provide services to the government, and those who develop an independent economic activity alongside their families. The new rules will also establish a yet-to-be-decided maximum capacity. Despite its isolated location some 3,500 kilometers from the coast of mainland Chile, the island is a popular tourist destination, not least due to the around 900 giant human figures that line the island, 6 (stand) up to 10 meters tall. The Moai monumental statues were carved by the Rapa Nui people, believed to have arrived on the Pacific island around the 12th century. But tourists and mainland migrants have become a threat to the island's wellbeing. "It is a magical island, we all want to visit it, but it is also a 7 (sense) island and therefore we have to take care of it," Chile's President Sebastian Pinera said Wednesday, speaking on the country's 24-hour news channel. At the last census in 2017, there were 7,750 people living on Easter Island, almost double the population of a few decades ago, before the island 8 (hit) by a tourism boom and the real estate development that accompanied it. Mayor Pedro Edmunds told AFP news agency that tourists are "damaging the local idiosyncrasy" as "customs from the continent" are infiltrating the island. "The 1,000-year culture is changing and not for the good."  Crime and domestic violence figures are also rising, and basic services such as waste management, 9 (strain) under the pressure. "Environmentally the island is very fragile," Ana Maria Gutierrez, the local government's environmental adviser told AFP. For Mayor Edmunds, the legislation is "a good start" but “not enough.” Like "many other Rapa Nui" he said he favors a "total" ban on the 10 (arrive) of new residents. 【提高篇】 An artificial intelligence (AI) monitoring platform to protect China's wildlife has been 1 (joint) established, local authorities said Tuesday. The AI big data real-time monitoring platform, co-developed by Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) and HIT Big Data Group, 2 (expect) to support research on ecological systems, animal population and individual animals through advanced technologies, 3 (include) AI, machine learning and neuro-linguistic processing. The Internet of Things, big data and intelligent machine vision will also enable the platform 4 (establish) individual recognition models with main recognition 5 (element), such as animals' posture, gait, color and fur pattern. Li Fuquan, 6 official with HIT Big Data Group, said the platform will be preliminarily applied to track and monitor endangered Siberian tigers, leopards and their prey. Forest zones 7 northeastern Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces and border areas between China and Russia are Siberian tigers 8 leopards' main habitat. The platform is expected to provide cross-border services for wildlife protection, according to Li. A database for Siberian tigers and leopards will be established to help study the relationship between the changes of 9 (ecology) environment and the development of the species. "Data can help 10 (we) better understand wildlife, and more technologies are expected to be introduced to study and protect wild animals," Li added. 【真题精选】 （2023·湖北·统考二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China will build the world’s largest national park system, and a layout plan will be released soon. The plan is being drafted____11____(meet) the requirements of building a system with the largest scale of protection, the most diverse geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world. Under the plan, which____12____(launch) by the administration in 2019, about 50 areas have been selected as candidates for national parks. The parks are expected to cover 10 percent of the ____13____(country) land area and preserve more than 80 percent of the key national ____14____(protect) wild plant and animal species. In October, China announced its first group of five national parks, covering ____15____total land area of more than 230,000 square kilometers. Since their establishment, the parks____16____(make) achievements in environmental and species protection. “At the same time, a new group of national parks are being established____17____an orderly manner and will be put into use as soon as possible,” emphasized Li, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration official. Li also said at the news conference on Monday ____18____China’s planted forest conservation area has reached 87.6 million hectares,____19____(rank) Nolin the world. China is also one of the 12 countries with _____20_____(rich) biodiversity in the world, he added. （2023·甘肃陇南一模）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Analysis of millions of infrared (红外线) photos and tens of ____21____(thousand)of videos shows that the Sanjiangyuan area in the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has one of the most complete food chains in the world. The analysis____22____(carry) out by the Shan Shui Conservation Centre more than a decade ago. A professor of conservation biology at Peking University,____23____founded the center in 2007 and has____24____(continuous) worked on the preservation of Sanjiangyuan for 17 years, said, “Conservation of nature is not about shouting slogans (口号) related to keeping rare animals alive It is not something you can learn from textbooks. Reality always____25____(tell) us what the problem is. Apart from protecting animals and the environment, we need to pay attention to the people who share the natural environment ____26____wildlife. Wildlife conservation is all down to humans”. Since her 20s, the professor has been devoted to protecting ____27____researching endangered wildlife such as pandas and snow leopards, ____28____(promote) the establishment of protected areas and related laws and policies. The conservation center has worked with the park’s management committee ____29____(develop) supervisory(监管) systems, and provided product design _____30_____(solution) for nature experience programs. （2023·贵州铜仁二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two villages have been named the Best Tourism Villages 2022 by the World Tourism Organization, thanks to their achievements in ____31____ (balance) tourism with economic development while sticking to ____32____ (environment) protection. According to the organization, 32 villages in 18 countries and regions including Austria, Chile and China ____33____ (award) the recognition late on Tuesday. China’s Dazhai village in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region ____34____ Jingzhu village in Chongqing won the recognition. Figures show that tourism development in Dazhai ____35____ (bring) great economic benefits to villagers since the village started to develop tourism around 2003. According to the bureau, ____36____ the village only received 32,000 visits in 2004, the number rose to nearly 798,000 in 2019 before COVID-19 emerged. The villagers’ average income also saw ____37____ rise from 700 yuan per year ($100) to over 34,500 yuan in 2019. Jingzhu village, the other village ____38____ (recognize) by the World Tourism Organization this year, is located in Chongqing. The World Tourism Organization began to award Best Tourism Villages across the world in 2021 ____39____ (promote) the cultural heritage protection and sustainable development of villages. China so far has four villages winning the title, _____40_____ the other two being Yucun village in Zhejiang and Xidi village in Anhui. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $私家英语 2027届语法一轮复习学案 被动语态 语篇感知 On August 26, Gyirong Port in Xizang 1.(①)was struck(strike) by a devastating debrisflow, bringing huge losses to local communities. Before the disaster occurred, enough earlywarning facilities 2.(②)were being constructed(construct) in nearby villages when the heavy rain poured down. Rescue access routes 3.(③)had been blocked(block) by fallen rocks before rescuers got close to the core disaster area. Now the public 4.(④)are warned(warn) against entering the dangerous mountain zone by local officials. At present, the total economic loss 5.(⑤)is being calculated(calculate) by professional working groups. Since the disaster, lots of supplies 6.(⑥)have been sent(send) to the affected residents. Visitors 7.(⑦)should be kept(keep) off the valley to avoid potential risks. More temporary shelters 8.(⑧)will be built(build) for survivors in the weeks ahead. By the end of next month, all damaged local roads 9.(⑨)will have been repaired(repair). Experts state that new monitoring systems 10.(⑩)will be being tested(test) continuously for geological risk prevention in the coming years. [规则感悟]　①是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were＋过去分词。②是过去进行时的被动语态，结构为was/were＋being＋过去分词。③是过去完成时的被动语态，结构为had been＋过去分词。④是一般现在时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are＋过去分词。⑤是现在进行时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are＋being＋过去分词。⑥是现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been＋过去分词。⑦是带情态动词的被动语态，结构为情态动词＋be＋过去分词。⑧是一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will＋be＋过去分词。⑨是将来完成时的被动语态，结构为will＋have been＋过去分词。⑩是将来进行时的被动语态，结构为will＋be＋being＋过去分词。 8月26日，西藏吉隆口岸 (①)遭到袭击，一场破坏力极强的泥石流给当地群众造成巨大损失。灾害发生前，大雨倾盆而下时，周边村庄充足的预警设施 (②)正在被修建。救援人员抵达核心受灾区域前，救援通道 (③)已被落石阻断。 如今，当地官员提醒公众，民众 (④)被警告不得进入危险山区。目前，专业工作小组正在对全部经济损失开展工作，损失数额 (⑤)正在被核算。灾害发生以来，大批救灾物资 (⑥)已经被送往受灾群众手中。游客 (⑦)应当被劝阻远离山谷，规避潜在风险。未来几周内，更多临时避难所 (⑧)将会被搭建供幸存者使用。到下个月底为止，所有受损的地方道路 (⑨)将会已经被修缮完毕。专家表示，在未来数年间，新型监测系统 (⑩)将会持续被测试，用于地质灾害风险防范。 动词时态语态基本结构(以动词do为例) 高考真题 1.（2025年全国高考一卷）“The players’  personalities ______________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 58 tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 2.（2025年北京卷）By the time you brushed your teeth, you had made several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes _________________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 3.（2024新高考II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, __________ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4.（2024全国甲卷）What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 5. (2024浙江卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____________ (offer) in smaller packs. 6. (2023新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _____________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 7. (2023全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _______________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 8.(2022新高考I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 9.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _______________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? 10. (2022浙江1月卷) Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____________________________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 11. (2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 12. (2021天津卷) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. 13. (2021浙江1月卷) It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ____________ (consider) healthy. 14. (2021浙江6月卷) Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ____________(paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. 15.(2020天津卷) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ____________ (remain) around that level since. 16. (2020北京卷) Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they ____________ (throw) away. 17. (2020全国I卷) “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ____________ (construct)”. 18. (2020全国III卷) The artist was sure he would __________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 19. (2020浙江7月卷) And，as more children were born，more food ____________ (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology to change lives. 20.（2020新高考）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. 21.（2026年全国卷二卷）Now, I ________(suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 22.（2026全国一卷）As transportation and communication 59________ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. 1. are revealed 中文解释：句子主语“the players’ personalities”（运动员的性格）与谓语动词“reveal”（展现）是被动关系，且根据语境，描述的是比赛中的一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are revealed。 2. are achieved 中文解释：主语“better outcomes”（更好的结果）与“achieve”（实现）是被动关系，句子陈述通常的情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，因此填are achieved。 3. was built 中文解释：主语“a six-meter-tall pavilion”（一座六米高的亭子）与“build”（建造）是被动关系，且动作发生在“two years later”（两年后，结合语境为过去时间），用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was built。 4. be done 中文解释：句子主语“what”（事情）与“do”（处理）是被动关系，情态动词“should”后接动词原形，因此用被动语态的原形be done。 5. be offered 中文解释：主语“they”（指代香肠）与“offer”（提供）是被动关系，情态动词“could”后接动词原形，所以填be offered。 6. to be lifted 中文解释：“allow sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定结构，此处“them”（指代小笼包）与“lift”（提起）是被动关系，因此用不定式的被动形式to be lifted。 7. be employed 中文解释：主语“a simple lyric form”（一种简单的抒情形式）与“employ”（运用）是被动关系，情态动词“can”后接动词原形，故填be employed。 8. is designed 中文解释：主语“The GPNP”（国家公园）与“design”（设计）是被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，所以填is designed。 9. be appreciated 中文解释：主语“a painting”（一幅画）与“appreciate”（欣赏）是被动关系，情态动词“can”后接动词原形，因此填be appreciated。 10. is viewed 中文解释：主语“travelling...by plane”（乘飞机出差等）与“view”（视为）是被动关系，句子描述普遍情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is viewed。 11. was built 中文解释：主语“It”（西安城墙）与“build”（建造）是被动关系，动作发生在“the Tang dynasty”（唐朝，过去时间），用一般过去时的被动语态，所以填was built。 12. are being displayed 中文解释：时间状语 “Currently（目前）”强调 “当前正在进行的状态”，句中提到 “35,000 件作品在卢浮宫的 300 多个展厅中”，结合后半句 “要看完所有作品得花一辈子”，这里更侧重 “这些作品当前正在被展示的状态”，用现在进行时的被动语态 “are being displayed” 能更生动地体现这种动态的呈现过程。 13. is considered 中文解释：主语“a BMI...25”（身体质量指数在19到25之间）与“consider”（认为）是被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，因此填is considered。 14. was painted 中文解释：主语“the little home”（小房子）与“paint”（粉刷）是被动关系，结合后句的“was”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was painted。 15. has remained 中文解释：根据“since”（自那以后）可知，动作从过去持续到现在，主语“the number”（数量）是单数，用现在完成时，故填has remained。 16. are thrown 中文解释：主语“they”（一次性塑料袋）与“throw”（扔掉）是被动关系，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，所以填are thrown。 17. is constructed 中文解释：宾语从句中，主语“the moon”（月球）与“construct”（形成）是被动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is constructed。 18. be chosen 中文解释：主语“he”与“choose”（选中）是被动关系，情态动词“would”后接动词原形，因此填be chosen。 19. was needed 中文解释：主语“more food”（更多食物）与“need”（需要）是被动关系，结合前句的“were born”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was needed。 20. are called 中文解释：主语“the parts...public”（博物馆对公众开放的部分）与“call”（称为）是被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，所以填are called。 21. am supposed；固定搭配 be supposed to do “应该做”，Now 提示一般现在时，主语 I，be 动词用 am。 22. were；并列主语 transportation and communication 表复数，at that time 以及主句 was 提示一般过去时。 More Practice： 1.（·江苏卷 单项填空） I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years. A. had been carried out B. would be carried out C. is being carried out D. has been carried out 2. （·新课标II卷·语法填空）Steam engines _____________(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been（fairly） (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 3. （·新课标III卷·语法填空）Sarah_____________(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. 4.（·北京卷﹒单项填空）The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ____________ with success in the end. A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded 5.（·江苏卷 单项填空）More efforts, as reported, ____________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. A.are made B.will be made C.are being made D.have been made 6.（·全国新课标卷I 语法填空）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I ___________________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 7.（·上海卷 语法填空）In recent years, stress (33) ______________________ (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. 8.（·四川卷 语法填空）The giant panda ___________________(love) by people throughout the world. 1. （·北京卷·单项填空）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days. A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped 2. （·天津卷·单项填空）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 3. （·北京卷·单项填空）In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 4. （·天津卷·单项填空） Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 5.I got caught in the rain on my way home and my new suit_________. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. had been ruined D. has been ruined 6.Now all the employees except the manager _________ to work online at home. A. encourages B. encourage C.is encouraged D. are encouraged 7.He __________ everywhere for materials and finally his efforts paid off. The medicine __________ to be very effective. A. looked; was proved B. explored; was proved C. sought; has proved D. hunted; was proving 8.—What’s that noise? — Oh, I forget to tell you. The new machine________. A.is testing B. was being tested C.is being tested D. has been tested 9.The plan for Xiongan New Area ________ officially on April 1,2017. A. announced B. was announced C. announces D.is announced 10.Ann ______ a certificate at the end of the program to show she has learned computer skills. A. will give B. will be given C. gave D. was given 11.Martin Luther King demanded that people of all races ______. A. were equally treated B. should treat equally C.be equally treated D. are giving equal rights 12.Different types of teas ______ by skilled tea-tasters before appearing in the Tea Trade Centre. A. are tasted B. were tasted C. tasted D. have tasted 13.—Do you think he can win the prize for the race? —Impossible now. He ________ to do so, but he has just had his right leg hurt. A. has expected B.is expected C. would expect D. was expected 14.Today, the forests have almost gone. People must _________down too many trees. A. stop to cut B. stop from cutting C.be stopped to cut D.be stopped from cutting 1. 答案：A. had been carried out 中文解释：句中“last month”（上个月）是过去的时间，“in the past two years”（过去两年）指的是截至上个月之前的两年，是“过去的过去”，且“发展计划”与“执行”是被动关系，因此用过去完成时的被动语态。 2. 答案：were used 中文解释：根据“must have been”可知句子时态为过去时，“蒸汽机”与“使用”是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 3. 答案：was told 中文解释：“Sarah”与“告诉”是被动关系，且“could be”表明是过去的情况，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。 4. 答案：D. will be rewarded 中文解释：“学生们的努力”与“回报”是被动关系，“in the end”（最终）暗示将来的结果，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。 5. 答案：B. will be made 中文解释：“in the years ahead”（在未来几年）表示将来，“努力”与“做出”是被动关系，因此用一般将来时的被动语态。 6. 答案：was allowed 中文解释：“I”与“允许”是被动关系，前文“it was a great honour”表明是过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 7. 答案：has been regarded 中文解释：“in recent years”（近年来）常与现在完成时连用，“压力”与“视为”是被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。 8. 答案：is loved 中文解释：“大熊猫”与“喜爱”是被动关系，且描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。 1. 答案：D. had been trapped 中文解释：“risked his life”（冒着生命危险）是过去的动作，“被困在山里两天”发生在这之前，是“过去的过去”，且“游客”与“困住”是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态。 2. 答案：C. is being repaired 中文解释：“this week”（本周）暗示当前正在进行的动作，“洗衣机”与“修理”是被动关系，因此用现在进行时的被动语态。 3. 答案：D. hadn’t been invented 中文解释：“in the 1950s”（20世纪50年代）是过去的时间，“无线电话尚未发明”发生在这之前，是“过去的过去”，且“无线电话”与“发明”是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态。 4. 答案：B. is regarded 中文解释：“along with”连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的“cycling”（单数）一致，“骑自行车”与“视为”是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。 5. 答案：D. has been ruined 中文解释：句中 “got caught in the rain”（淋雨）是过去的动作，但 “新西装被毁” 这一结果持续到现在（强调对现在的影响 —— 西装目前是坏的），侧重 “过去动作对现在造成的影响”。 6. 答案：D. are encouraged 中文解释：主语是“all the employees”（复数），“except the manager”是插入语，“员工”与“鼓励”是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态（复数形式）。 7. 答案：C. sought; has proved 中文解释：第一空“寻找材料”是过去的动作，用“sought”（seek的过去式）；第二空“证明有效”是从过去到现在的结果，“prove”作“证明是”讲时，主动形式表被动含义，用现在完成时“has proved”。 8. 答案：C. is being tested 中文解释：问句询问当前的噪音，说明“新机器”正在被测试，“机器”与“测试”是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态。 9. 答案：B. was announced 中文解释：“on April 1, 2017”（2017年4月1日）是过去的时间，“计划”与“宣布”是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。 10. 答案：B. will be given 中文解释：“at the end of the program”（项目结束时）表示将来，“Ann”与“给证书”是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态。 11. 答案：C. be equally treated 中文解释：“demand”（要求）后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，“should”可省略，且“人们”与“对待”是被动关系，因此用“be equally treated”。 12. 答案：A. are tasted 中文解释：描述的是茶叶上市前的常规流程，用一般现在时，“茶叶”与“品尝”是被动关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。 13. 答案：D. was expected 中文解释：“他原本被期望能获奖”发生在“腿受伤”之前，是过去的情况，“他”与“期望”是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。 14. 答案：D. be stopped from cutting 中文解释：“人们”与“阻止”是被动关系，“stop sb. from doing sth.”（阻止某人做某事）的被动形式是“be stopped from doing sth.”，因此选D。 翻译练习 1.这件事最终成功地解决了，使我们感到非常快慰。(relief) 2.已经警告过他们，天气不好,不要登山。(warn) 3.五年经济发展计划正在顺利进行。(carry out) 4.因为大雨，校运会将不得不推迟。(put off) 5.这个村庄每年不得不把许多钱花在药品上。(spend) 6.申请材料需精心准备,这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确的了解。(in order that) 1. Much to our relief, the matter has been successfully solved at last. 2. They were warned not to climb the mountain in such bad weather. 3. The five-year plan of economic development is being carried out smoothly 4. The school sport meet/meeting will have to be put off because of/due to a heavy rain. 5. A large/great amount of money will have to be spent on medicine in this village every year. 6. The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 专题时文阅读02环境保护 基础篇 Solutions to Plastic Pollution 塑料污染解决方案 巩固篇 Chile cracks down on Easter Island tourism to protect environment 智利打击复活节岛旅游以保护环境 提高篇 China establishes AI monitoring platform to protect wildlife 中国建立人工智能监测平台保护野生动物 专项微练 单句语法填空 情态动词专项训练 真题精选 高考模拟衔接 名校真题演练 【原创题】 【基础篇】 Proclaimed by the United Nations in 1972, World Environment Day is considered 1 (be) the biggest international day for the environment, and has been observed 2 (annual) on June 5 since 1973 in a bid to "highlight that the protection and health of the environment is a major issue, 3 affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world," according to a UNESCO website. According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the day 4 (grow) to be the largest global platform for 5 (environment) outreach. And under the theme of "Solutions to Plastic Pollution," this year's edition calls for global solutions and actions to combat the increasing threat of plastic to the environment, 6 (invite) people from every corner of the earth to join the BeatPlasticPollution campaign. In China, great efforts have been made to fight plastic pollution over the past decades. 7 measures already in place – such as the restriction of the production, sale and use of certain plastics, the promotion of the development of degradable, recycle-friendly alternative products, and national-level environmental conservation awareness campaigns, 8 (individual)have also been responding to the call, trying to make 9 difference in this fight against plastic pollution. Among one of the latest moves, volunteers from Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, offered tourists biodegradable bags in exchange for their plastic bags, in the hope of reducing the use of plastic bags and protecting 10 (they) much-cherished local islands. 【巩固篇】 Chile is cracking down on tourists and non-local residents on its remote Easter Island, in a bid 1 (protect) the famed destination’s environment and heritage, and tackle rising crime. New rules came 2 effect on Wednesday reducing the time that tourists – foreigners, but also Chileans not part of the Rapa Nui people – can stay on the island from 90 to 30 days. Those wishing to visit Easter Island must now fill out a special form, have a hotel reservation or present a letter of invitation from 3 islander, along with showing round trip tickets. Those 4 wish to live on the island are required to be a parent, partner or child of the Rapa Nui people. Others who will 5 (allow) to stay are public servants, employees of organizations that provide services to the government, and those who develop an independent economic activity alongside their families. The new rules will also establish a yet-to-be-decided maximum capacity. Despite its isolated location some 3,500 kilometers from the coast of mainland Chile, the island is a popular tourist destination, not least due to the around 900 giant human figures that line the island, 6 (stand) up to 10 meters tall. The Moai monumental statues were carved by the Rapa Nui people, believed to have arrived on the Pacific island around the 12th century. But tourists and mainland migrants have become a threat to the island's wellbeing. "It is a magical island, we all want to visit it, but it is also a 7 (sense) island and therefore we have to take care of it," Chile's President Sebastian Pinera said Wednesday, speaking on the country's 24-hour news channel. At the last census in 2017, there were 7,750 people living on Easter Island, almost double the population of a few decades ago, before the island 8 (hit) by a tourism boom and the real estate development that accompanied it. Mayor Pedro Edmunds told AFP news agency that tourists are "damaging the local idiosyncrasy" as "customs from the continent" are infiltrating the island. "The 1,000-year culture is changing and not for the good."  Crime and domestic violence figures are also rising, and basic services such as waste management, 9 (strain) under the pressure. "Environmentally the island is very fragile," Ana Maria Gutierrez, the local government's environmental adviser told AFP. For Mayor Edmunds, the legislation is "a good start" but “not enough.” Like "many other Rapa Nui" he said he favors a "total" ban on the 10 (arrive) of new residents. 【提高篇】 An artificial intelligence (AI) monitoring platform to protect China's wildlife has been 1 (joint) established, local authorities said Tuesday. The AI big data real-time monitoring platform, co-developed by Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) and HIT Big Data Group, 2 (expect) to support research on ecological systems, animal population and individual animals through advanced technologies, 3 (include) AI, machine learning and neuro-linguistic processing. The Internet of Things, big data and intelligent machine vision will also enable the platform 4 (establish) individual recognition models with main recognition 5 (element), such as animals' posture, gait, color and fur pattern. Li Fuquan, 6 official with HIT Big Data Group, said the platform will be preliminarily applied to track and monitor endangered Siberian tigers, leopards and their prey. Forest zones 7 northeastern Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces and border areas between China and Russia are Siberian tigers 8 leopards' main habitat. The platform is expected to provide cross-border services for wildlife protection, according to Li. A database for Siberian tigers and leopards will be established to help study the relationship between the changes of 9 (ecology) environment and the development of the species. "Data can help 10 (we) better understand wildlife, and more technologies are expected to be introduced to study and protect wild animals," Li added. 【真题精选】 （2023·湖北·统考二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China will build the world’s largest national park system, and a layout plan will be released soon. The plan is being drafted____11____(meet) the requirements of building a system with the largest scale of protection, the most diverse geographical features and the highest conservation value in the world. Under the plan, which____12____(launch) by the administration in 2019, about 50 areas have been selected as candidates for national parks. The parks are expected to cover 10 percent of the ____13____(country) land area and preserve more than 80 percent of the key national ____14____(protect) wild plant and animal species. In October, China announced its first group of five national parks, covering ____15____total land area of more than 230,000 square kilometers. Since their establishment, the parks____16____(make) achievements in environmental and species protection. “At the same time, a new group of national parks are being established____17____an orderly manner and will be put into use as soon as possible,” emphasized Li, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration official. Li also said at the news conference on Monday ____18____China’s planted forest conservation area has reached 87.6 million hectares,____19____(rank) Nolin the world. China is also one of the 12 countries with _____20_____(rich) biodiversity in the world, he added. （2023·甘肃陇南一模）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Analysis of millions of infrared (红外线) photos and tens of ____21____(thousand)of videos shows that the Sanjiangyuan area in the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has one of the most complete food chains in the world. The analysis____22____(carry) out by the Shan Shui Conservation Centre more than a decade ago. A professor of conservation biology at Peking University,____23____founded the center in 2007 and has____24____(continuous) worked on the preservation of Sanjiangyuan for 17 years, said, “Conservation of nature is not about shouting slogans (口号) related to keeping rare animals alive It is not something you can learn from textbooks. Reality always____25____(tell) us what the problem is. Apart from protecting animals and the environment, we need to pay attention to the people who share the natural environment ____26____wildlife. Wildlife conservation is all down to humans”. Since her 20s, the professor has been devoted to protecting ____27____researching endangered wildlife such as pandas and snow leopards, ____28____(promote) the establishment of protected areas and related laws and policies. The conservation center has worked with the park’s management committee ____29____(develop) supervisory(监管) systems, and provided product design _____30_____(solution) for nature experience programs. （2023·贵州铜仁二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two villages have been named the Best Tourism Villages 2022 by the World Tourism Organization, thanks to their achievements in ____31____ (balance) tourism with economic development while sticking to ____32____ (environment) protection. According to the organization, 32 villages in 18 countries and regions including Austria, Chile and China ____33____ (award) the recognition late on Tuesday. China’s Dazhai village in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region ____34____ Jingzhu village in Chongqing won the recognition. Figures show that tourism development in Dazhai ____35____ (bring) great economic benefits to villagers since the village started to develop tourism around 2003. According to the bureau, ____36____ the village only received 32,000 visits in 2004, the number rose to nearly 798,000 in 2019 before COVID-19 emerged. The villagers’ average income also saw ____37____ rise from 700 yuan per year ($100) to over 34,500 yuan in 2019. Jingzhu village, the other village ____38____ (recognize) by the World Tourism Organization this year, is located in Chongqing. The World Tourism Organization began to award Best Tourism Villages across the world in 2021 ____39____ (promote) the cultural heritage protection and sustainable development of villages. China so far has four villages winning the title, _____40_____ the other two being Yucun village in Zhejiang and Xidi village in Anhui. Keys: 【原创题】 【基础篇】 1.to be 2.annually 3.which 4.has grown 5.environmental 6.inviting 7.With 8.individuals 9.a 10.their 【巩固篇】 1.to protect 2.into 3.an 4.who 5.be allowed 6.standing 7.sensitive 8.was hit 9.are straining 10.arrival 【提高篇】 1.jointly 2.is expected 3.including 4.to establish 5.elements 6.an 7.in 8.and 9.ecological 10.us 【真题精选】 （2023·湖北·统考二模）【答案】 11．to meet 12．was launched 13．country’s 14．protected 15．a 16．have made 17．in 18．that 19．ranking 20．the richest 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。中国将建设世界上最大的国家公园体系，不久将发布布局规划。该规划正在起草中，以满足建设世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的体系的要求。 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：该规划正在起草中，以满足建设世界上保护规模最大、地理特征最多样、保护价值最高的体系的要求。分析句子可知，此处是不定式做目的状语。故填to meet。 12．考查时态语态。句意：根据政府于2019年启动的该计划，约有50个地区被选为国家公园的候选地区。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据时间状语 in 2019可知，应用一般过去时态。先行词the plan与launch是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填was launched。 13．考查名词所有格。句意：这些公园预计将覆盖全国10%的土地面积，并保护80%以上的国家重点保护野生动植物物种。分析句子可知，此处应用名词所有格形式作定语。故填country’s。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语。wild plant and animal species与protect是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填protected。 15．考查冠词。句意：10月，中国宣布了第一批五个国家公园，总占地面积超过23万平方公里。cover a(n)… area of 是固定短语，意为“占地……；覆盖多大面积”，total发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 16．考查时态。句意：自成立以来，这些公园在环境和物种保护方面取得了成就。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语，根据时间状语since可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填have made。 17．考查介词。句意：国家林草局官员李强调：“与此同时，一批新的国家公园正在有序建立，并将尽快投入使用。” in an orderly manner是固定短语，意为“有条不紊地”。故填in。 18．考查宾语从句。句意：李在周一的新闻发布会上还表示，中国的人工林保护面积已达8760万公顷，居世界首位。分析句子可知，空格处应填入宾语从句引导词，该宾语从句成分齐全，句意完整，故用that引导。故填that。 19．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填ranking。 20．考查形容词最高级。句意：他补充道，中国也是世界上生物多样性最丰富的12个国家之一。根据句中in the world可知，此处应用形容词最高级。故填the richest。 （2023·甘肃陇南一模）【答案】 21．thousands 22．was carried 23．who 24．continuously 25．tells 26．with 27．and 28．promoting 29．to develop 30．solutions 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北京大学保护生物学教授持续致力于三江源保护17年。 21．考查固定短语。句意：对数百万张红外照片和数万段视频的分析表明，位于青藏高原中心的三江源地区拥有世界上最完整的食物链之一。表示“数万”短语为thousands of。故填thousands。 22．考查时态语态。句意：这项分析是由山水自然保育中心在十多年前进行的。主语analysis与谓语动词carry构成被动关系，根据后文more than a decade ago可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was carried。 23．考查定语从句。句意：他是北京大学保护生物学教授，于2007年创立了该中心，17年来一直致力于三江源的保护工作。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词professor，在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。 24．考查副词。句意：他是北京大学保护生物学教授，于2007年创立了该中心，17年来一直致力于三江源的保护工作。修饰动词work应用副词continuously，作状语。故填continuously。 25．考查时态。句意：现实总是告诉我们问题所在。根据后文is可知为一般现在时，主语为Reality，为不可数名词，谓语用三单形式。故填tells。 26．考查介词。句意：除了保护动物和环境，我们还需要关注那些与野生动物共享自然环境的人们。表示“和……分享”短语为share with。故填with。 27．考查连词。句意：自20多岁以来，她一直致力于保护和研究大熊猫、雪豹等濒危野生动物，推动保护区的建立和相关法律政策的制定。此处protecting与researching为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：自20多岁以来，她一直致力于保护和研究大熊猫、雪豹等濒危野生动物，推动保护区的建立和相关法律政策的制定。分析句子结构可知promote与逻辑主语the professor构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填promoting。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：保护中心与公园管理委员会合作开发了监督系统，并为自然体验项目提供了产品设计解决方案。分析句子结构可知develop作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to develop。 30．考查名词。句意：保护中心与公园管理委员会合作开发了监督系统，并为自然体验项目提供了产品设计解决方案。作宾语，应用名词solution，前文没有冠词故用复数形式表示泛指。故填solutions。 （2023·贵州铜仁二模）【答案】 31．balancing 32．environmental 33．were awarded 34．and 35．has brought 36．while/although/though 37．a 38．recognized 39．to promote 40．with 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。联合国世界旅游组织正式公布2022年“最佳旅游乡村”名单，中国广西大寨村和重庆荆竹村成功入选。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：两个村庄被世界旅游组织评为2022年最佳旅游村，这是由于他们在平衡旅游与经济发展的同时坚持保护环境方面取得的成就。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据空前面的介词in可知，此处应为动名词形式作其宾语，且表示主动意义。故填balancing。 32．考查形容词。句意：两个村庄被世界旅游组织评为2022年最佳旅游村，这是由于他们在平衡旅游与经济发展的同时坚持保护环境方面取得的成就。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名protection，environment的形容词为environmental意为“环境的”。故填environmental。 33．考查谓语动词。句意：据该组织称，周二晚些时候，奥地利、智利、中国等18个国家和地区的32个村庄获得了认可。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语为late on Tuesday可知，此处应使用一般过去时，与句子主语32 villages为被动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填were awarded。 34．考查连词。句意：中国广西壮族自治区的大寨村和重庆的荆竹村获得了这一荣誉。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词连接两个并列主语Dazhai village和Jingzhu village。故填and。 35．考查谓语动词。句意：数据显示，自2003年前后开始发展旅游业以来，大寨的旅游业发展为村民带来了巨大的经济效益。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since the village started to develop tourism around 2003可知，此处应使用现在完成时，且与主语tourism development之间为主动关系，主语是第三人称单数。故填has brought。 36．考查状语从句。句意：据该局称，尽管2004年该村仅接待了3.2万人次，但在2019年COVID-19出现之前，这一数字上升到近79.8万人次。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，根据语境可知，前后两个分句应为“尽管”的意思。故填while/although/though。 37．考查冠词。句意：村民的平均收入也从每年700元(100美元)增加到2019年的3.45万元以上。分析句子结构可知，这里的rise是可数名词单数，意为“（数量或水平的）增加，提高”，其前面通常用不定冠词表示泛指意义，且rise的第一个音素是辅音。故填a。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：荆竹村是今年被世界旅游组织认可的另一个村庄，位于重庆。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，recognize与修饰的名词village之间为被动关系，且表示动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词形式。故填recognized。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界旅游组织于2021年开始在全球范围内颁发最佳旅游村，以促进文化遗产保护和村庄的可持续发展。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“为了……”为目的状语，因此使用动词不定式形式。故填to promote。 40．考查介词。句意：到目前为止，中国有四个村庄获得了冠军，另外两个是浙江的余村和安徽的西递村。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定结构“with+宾语+宾补”在句中作状语，其中现在分词短语作宾语补足语。故填with。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2027届语法一轮复习 被动语态 On August 26, Gyirong Port in Xizang 1.      (strike) by a devastating debris-flow, bringing huge losses to local communities. Before the disaster occurred, enough early warning facilities 2.      (construct) in nearby villages when the heavy rain poured down. Rescue access routes 3.      (block) by fallen rocks before rescuers got close to the core disaster area. Now the public 4.      (warn) against entering the dangerous mountain zone by local officials. At present, the total economic loss 5.      (calculate) by professional working groups. Since the disaster, lots of supplies 6.      (send) to the affected residents. Visitors 7.      (keep) off the valley to avoid potential risks. More temporary shelters 8.      (build) for survivors in the weeks ahead. By the end of next month, all damaged local roads 9.      (repair). Experts state that new monitoring systems 10.      (test) continuously for geological risk prevention in the coming years. 1.was struck；2. were being constructed；3. had been blocked；4. are warned；5. is being calculated；6. have been sent；7. should be kept；8. will be built；9. will have been repaired；10. will be being tested 8 月 26 日，西藏吉隆口岸 (①)遭到袭击，一场破坏力极强的泥石流给当地群众造成巨大损失。灾害发生前，大雨倾盆而下时，周边村庄充足的预警设施 (②)正在被修建。救援人员抵达核心受灾区域前，救援通道 (③)已被落石阻断。如今，当地官员提醒公众，民众 (④)被警告不得进入危险山区。目前，专业工作小组正在对全部经济损失开展工作，损失数额 (⑤)正在被核算。灾害发生以来，大批救灾物资 (⑥)已经被送往受灾群众手中。游客 (⑦)应当被劝阻远离山谷，规避潜在风险。未来几周内，更多临时避难所 (⑧)将会被搭建供幸存者使用。到下个月底为止，所有受损的地方道路 (⑨)将会已经被修缮完毕。专家表示，在未来数年间，新型监测系统 (⑩)将会持续被测试，用于地质灾害风险防范。 课程标准对语法知识的内容要求 英语语法知识包括词法知识和句法知识：词法关注词的形态变化，如名词的数、格，动词的时、态（体）等；句法关注句子结构， 如句子的成分、语序、种类等。词法和句法之间的关系非常紧密。在语言使用中，语法知识是“形式—意义—使用”的统一体，与语音、词汇、语篇和语用知识紧密相连，直接影响语言理解和表达的准确性和得体性。 高中阶段英语语法知识的学习是义务教育阶段语法学习的延伸和继续，应在更加丰富的语境中通过各种英语学习和实践活动进一步巩固和恰当运用义务教育阶段所学的语法知识，学会在语境中理解和运用新的语法知识，进一步发展英语语法意识。 附录3 语法项目一览 被动语态 （1） 一般现在时的被动语态 （2） 一般过去时的被动语态 （3） 一般将来时的被动语态 （4） 现在进行时的被动语态* （5） 现在完成时的被动语态* （6） 过去进行时的被动语态** （7） 过去完成时的被动语态** -《高中英语新课标2020修订版》 新教材对应单元： 被动语态 必修二 Unit 2 现在进行时的被动语态 必修二 Unit 3 现在完成时的被动语态 选修二 Unit 3 过去完成时及其被动语态 选修四 Unit 1 被动语态 01 被动语态 02 03 重难点 高考真题 本课达成目标： 利用思维导图，总结并学习不同时态的被动语态，并利用高考真题，巩固被动语态的相关知识，了解高考考查方向。 目录 CONTENTS 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态 01 Xiao Ming’s Cellphone Xiao Ming’s cellphone was broken.I couldn’t get through to him while the cellphone was being repaired.I wanted to inform him that he had been admitted to the basketball club. Cellphones are widely used nowadays.It seems that they are being used so frequently that people have been controlled by them. Someone thinks that cellphones should be restricted on some occasions. Xiao Ming’s cellphone will be repaired well soon. Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone will have been brought home and will be being used again. 语篇感知 动词的语态 Oral Practice： What happened to the sharks in recent years? What measures should be taken to protect them? 一般时： 一般现在时被动语态 每年，大约一亿只鲨鱼被人类捕杀。 Human kill about 100 million sharks every year. About 100 million sharks are killed by human every year. 一般过去时被动语态 去年，世界范围内只有10个人被鲨鱼杀害。 Sharks killed only 10 persons worldwide last year. Only 10 persons were killed worldwide by sharks last year. 一般将来时被动语态 鲨鱼翅将被做成鱼翅汤。 We will make the shark's fins into fin soup. The shark's fins will be madeinto fin soup. 进行时： 现在进行时被动语态 这个人正在拯救这条鲨鱼。 The man is saving the shark. The shark is being saved by the man. 过去进行时的被动语态 在昨天的这个时候，人们正在拯救鲨鱼。 At this time yesterday, people were saving many sharks. At the this time yesterday, many sharks were being saved. 过去进行时的被动语态 明天的这个时候，人们正在拯救鲨鱼。 At this time tomorrow, people will be saving many sharks. At this time tomorrow, many sharks will be being saved by people 完成时： 现在完成时被动语态 近些年来，鲨鱼被人们大量地捕杀。 Human have killed many sharks in recent years . Many sharks have been killed in recent years. 过去完成时被动语态 政府部门在去年以前已经采取了许多措施来保护鲨鱼。 The government had taken measures to protect sharks before last year. Measures had been taken to protect sharks before last year. 将来完成时被动语态 在明年年底之前，政府部门将采取一些保护鲨鱼的措施。 The government will have taken measures to protect sharks by the end of next year. Measures will have been taken to protect sharks at the end of next year. 主动 do/does 被动 主动 被动 被动 被动 被动 被动 被动 被动 主动 主动 主动 主动 did 主动 主动 will do would do am/is/are doing am/is/are+being done was/were doing was/were+being done has/have done have/has been done had done am/is/are +done was/were+ done will be done would be done 动词时态语态基本结构 被动 主动 had been done has/have been doing 被动语态重难点 02 1.系动词：feel（摸）, smell（闻）, sound（听）, taste（尝）, look（看），prove（证明）等 This news sounds great. He proved （to be） an honest boy. 2. want/need/require + doing sth(to be done),需要做某事 Your shoes are too dirty. They need washing/to be washed. 3. deserve/ be worth /bear +doing sth 值得做某事 This movie is worth watching. He has done a lot of work.He deserves praising. 4. cook/ burn/print/prepare 用于进行时，常用主动表被动 Let's have some snacks. The rice is cooking. 5. be to blame 应负责任，应受责备 He is to be blame for the mistake. 6. 用于说明主语的品质或性能的动词, 如cut, sell, write, wear，read，fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等 Mo Yan is a great writer. His books sell well. The pen which you sent me last week writes smoothly. 主动表被动 1.使役动词(have/make/let)和感官动词(一感feel 二听listen to /hear 四看：see/watch/notice/observe) 的不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省略。 The boss made him work overtime. →He was made to work overtime. 2.“get＋过去分词”也可构成被动语态，“get married/beaten/broken/damaged/ repaired/dressed”等构成的被动语态一般指动作的结果，而非动作本身。 John and Jane got married last month.约翰和简上个月结婚了。 3.若不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，则不定式就需要用被动式。 I have something to type.我有些东西要打(字)。 Do you have a letter to be sent?你有信要我去帮你寄吗？ 4.不及物动词（短语）无被动语态。常见的不及物动词（短语）有appear,belong,disappear,happen,remain,break out,come true,fall asleep,keep silent,lose heart,take place,run out等。 We can’t say for sure what will happen.我们无法确切地说会发生什么事。 5.带介词或副词的短语（如look after,put on,pay attention to）用作被动语态的谓语时，它们原来所带的介词或副词应保留下来。 This issue is worth pay attention to. 难点突破 高考中被动语态考查 03 1.（2025年全国高考一卷）“The players’  personalities _57______________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 58 tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 2.（2025年北京卷）By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 had made several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16_________________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. are revealed are achieved 22 3.（2024新高考II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, __________ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4.（2024全国甲卷）What should _________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. 5. (2024浙江卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____________ (offer) in smaller packs. 6. (2023新高考I卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _____________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 7. (2023全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _______________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. was built be done be offered to be lifted be employed 23 8.(2022新高考I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 9.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _______________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? 10. (2022浙江1月卷) Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ___________________________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 11. (2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). is viewed/has been viewed is designed be appreciated was bulit 24 12. (2021天津卷) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. 13. (2021浙江1月卷) It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ____________ (consider) healthy. 14. (2021浙江6月卷) Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ____________(paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. 15.(2020天津卷) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ____________ (remain) around that level since. 16. (2020北京卷) Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they ____________ (throw) away. are being displayed is considered has remained was painted are thrown 25 17. (2020全国I卷) “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ____________ (construct)”. 18. (2020全国III卷) The artist was sure he would __________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 19. (2020浙江7月卷) And，as more children were born，more food ____________ (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology to change lives. 20.（2020新高考）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms. is constructed was needed be chosen are called 26 21.（2026年全国卷二卷）Now, I ________(suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 22.（2026全国一卷）As transportation and communication 59________ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. am supposed were 27 More Practice 1.（·江苏卷 单项填空） I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years. A. had been carried out B. would be carried out C. is being carried out D. has been carried out 2. （·新课标II卷·语法填空）Steam engines _____________(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been（fairly） (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 3. （·新课标III卷·语法填空）Sarah_____________(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. 4.（·北京卷﹒单项填空）The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ____________ with success in the end. A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded was told / has been told were used A D 29 5.（·江苏卷 单项填空）More efforts, as reported, ____________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. A.are made B.will be made C.are being made D.have been made 6.（·全国新课标卷I 语法填空）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I ___________________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 7.（·上海卷 语法填空）In recent years, stress (33) ______________________ (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. 8.（·四川卷 语法填空）The giant panda ___________________(love) by people throughout the world. has been regarded was allowed B is loved 30 1. （·北京卷·单项填空）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days. A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped 2. （·天津卷·单项填空）My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. A. was repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 3. （·北京卷·单项填空）In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 4. （·天津卷·单项填空） Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards D C D B 31 5.I got caught in the rain on my way home and my new suit_________. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. had been ruined D. has been ruined 6.Now all the employees except the manager _________ to work online at home. A. encourages B. encourage C.is encouraged D. are encouraged 7.He __________ everywhere for materials and finally his efforts paid off. The medicine __________ to be very effective. A. looked; was proved B. explored; was proved C. sought; has proved D. hunted; was proving 8.—What’s that noise? — Oh, I forget to tell you. The new machine________. A.is testing B. was being tested C.is being tested D. has been tested 9.The plan for Xiongan New Area ________ officially on April 1,2017. A. announced B. was announced C. announces D.is announced C D D C B 32 10.Ann ______ a certificate at the end of the program to show she has learned computer skills. A. will give B. will be given C. gave D. was given 11.Martin Luther King demanded that people of all races ______. A. were equally treated B. should treat equally C.be equally treated D. are giving equal rights 12.Different types of teas ______ by skilled tea-tasters before appearing in the Tea Trade Centre. A. are tasted B. were tasted C. tasted D. have tasted 13.—Do you think he can win the prize for the race? —Impossible now. He ________ to do so, but he has just had his right leg hurt. A. has expected B.is expected C. would expect D. was expected 14.Today, the forests have almost gone. People must _________down too many trees. A. stop to cut B. stop from cutting C.be stopped to cut D.be stopped from cutting A C B D D 33 被动语态常考点以及备考启示 动词的语态是历年高考的重点，也是高考的必考点。高考主要以语法填空、短文改错等形式对被动语态这一考点进行考查，动词的语态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。 预计高考语态仍将是高考考查的重点和难点所在，考查形式仍以语法填空和短文改错题型为主，很可能会与动词的时态及其他的语法点结合起来进行考查。 【备考启示】 1. 掌握被动语态的基本时态变化； 2. 掌握被动语态的特殊结构形式； 3. 掌握不能用被动语态的几种情况； 4. 掌握主动形式表示被动意义的情况。 被动语态在应用文的运用 03 1. (2021·浙江6月)昨天，在我们学校美术馆，举办了一场精彩的学生中国画展览。 A fantastic students’ Chinese painting show was organized in our school art gallery yesterday. 2. (2022·全国乙)很容易看出，选择听英语歌曲和看英文电影的学生的比例分别是65%和50%。 It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to E inglish songs and watching English movies is respectively 65%and 50%. 3. 句型：Sth. could be done by/through doing sth. 环境问题可以通过发展清洁和可再生资源得到解决。 Environmental problems could be solved through developing clean and renewable resources. 4. 句型：More/Special emphasis should be laid/ put/ place on sth. 应该特别强调环保的重要性。 Special emphasis should be laid/ put/ place on the importance of protecting the environment.( The importance of protecting the environment should be laid special emphasis on. ) 写作运用 1.这件事最终成功地解决了，使我们感到非常快慰。(relief) Much to our relief, the matter has been successfully solved at last. 2.已经警告过他们，天气不好,不要登山。(warn) They were warned not to climb the mountain in such bad weather. 3.五年经济发展计划正在顺利进行。(carry out) The five-year plan of economic development is being carried out smoothly 4.因为大雨，校运会将不得不推迟。(put off) The school sport meet/meeting will have to be put off because of/due to a heavy rain. 5.这个村庄每年不得不把许多钱花在药品上。(spend) A large/great amount of money will have to be spent on medicine in this village every year. 6.申请材料需精心准备,这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确的了解。(in order that) 17. The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 翻译练习 Homework 以“被动语态”为主题制作自己独特的思维导图，对“被动语态”进行回顾与整理，查漏补缺，把零散的知识系统化，形成一个完整的知识体系。 null 59088.0 Lavf58.20.100 Tencent CAPD MTS $On August twenty six, jaron porn zing was struck by a devastating debriefings, bringing huge losses to local communities before the disaster occurred. Enough early warning facilities were being constructed in nearby villages. When the heavy rain pour down, rescue access roads had been blocked by fAllen rocks before rescuers got close to the court disaster area. Now the public are warned against entering the dangerous mountain zone by local officials. At present, the total economic loss is being calculated by professional working groups. Since the disaster, lots of supplies have been sent to the affected residents. Visitors should be kept off the valley to avoid potential risks. More temporary shelters will be built for survivors in the weeks ahead. By the end of next month, all damaged local roads will have been repaired. Experts state that new monitoring systems will be being tested continuously for geological risk prevention in the coming years.