Unit4 History and traditions 词汇精讲课件-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册
2026-09-20
|
76页
|
328人阅读
|
1人下载
普通
摘要:
该高中英语课件聚焦“History and Traditions”主题,系统精讲59个核心词汇,涵盖历史人物、文化概念、地理名称等,通过Confucius等人物或Battle of Hastings等事件导入,以派生词关联(如Confucius-Confucianism)和例句构建从具体到抽象的学习支架,帮助学生衔接前后知识。
其亮点在于词汇与文化深度融合,每个词汇含音标、派生词及文化例句(如Achilles' heel关联希腊神话,Normans涉及历史事件),结合插图辅助理解,既提升语言能力(语境中掌握用法),又培养文化意识(理解中外历史内涵)。采用情境化教学,学生能在文化语境中高效记忆,教师可直接使用结构化内容提升教学效率。
内容正文:
Unit 4
History and Traditions
词汇精讲
01
Confucius
/kənˈfjuːʃəs/
n. 孔子
派生词
• Confucian adj. 儒家的
• Confucianism n. 儒家思想
例句
• Confucius is a great thinker whose ideas still influence Chinese culture.
考点
• Confucius 孔子(专有名词大写)
02
mansion
/ˈmænʃn/
n. 公馆;宅邸;宅第
派生词
• mansion house 公馆
例句
• The old mansion has stood on the hill for over two hundred years.
考点
• a country mansion 乡间宅邸
• a historic mansion 历史公馆
03
cemetery
/ˈsemətri/
n. 墓地;公墓
派生词
• graveyard n. 墓地
• tomb n. 坟墓
例句
• Many famous writers are buried in this old cemetery.
考点
• a military cemetery 军人公墓
• a cemetery 墓地
04
philosophy
/fəˈlɒsəfi/
n. 哲学
派生词
• philosopher n. 哲学家
• philosophical adj. 哲学的
例句
• Confucian philosophy has shaped Chinese thought for thousands of years.
考点
• moral philosophy 伦理学
• philosophy of life 人生哲学
05
descendant
/dɪˈsendənt/
n. 后裔;后代;子孙
派生词
• descend v. 下降
• ancestor n. 祖先
例句
• He is a direct descendant of a famous ancient king.
考点
• a descendant of ……的后裔
• direct descendants 直系后代
06
individual
/ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/
adj. & n. 单独的;个别的;个人
派生词
• individually adv. 单独地
• individualism n. 个人主义
例句
• Each individual has a responsibility to protect cultural relics.
考点
• individual freedom 个人自由
• individual interests 个人利益
07
heel
/hiːl/
n. 足跟;(鞋、袜等的)后跟
派生词
• Achilles' heel 唯一致命弱点
• high heels 高跟鞋
例句
• Achilles' heel is the weak point that can cause someone's downfall.
考点
• Achilles' heel 致命弱点
• high-heeled shoes 高跟鞋
08
Achilles' heel
/əˌkɪliːz ˈhiːl/
n. (希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟;唯一致命弱点
派生词
• Achilles 阿喀琉斯
• weak point 弱点
例句
• Pride was his Achilles' heel and finally led to his failure.
考点
• Achilles' heel 致命弱点(专有名词,来自希腊神话)
09
kingdom
/ˈkɪŋdəm/
n. 王国;领域
派生词
• king n. 国王
• queen n. 王后
例句
• The United Kingdom is made up of four parts.
考点
• the United Kingdom 联合王国
• animal kingdom 动物界
10
chief
/tʃiːf/
adj. & n. 最重要的;最高级别的;(公司或机构的)首领;酋长
派生词
• chiefly adv. 主要地
• the chief engineer 总工程师
例句
• Tourism is one of the chief sources of income in this city.
考点
• the chief cause 主要原因
• chief executive 首席执行官
11
puzzle
/ˈpʌzl/
n. & vt. 谜;智力游戏;迷惑;使困惑
派生词
• puzzled adj. 困惑的
• puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的
例句
• The history of the British Isles is like a big puzzle to solve.
考点
• puzzle over 苦苦思索
• puzzle out 琢磨出
• a jigsaw puzzle 拼图
12
nearby
/ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/
adj. & adv. 附近的;邻近的;在附近
派生词
• near adv. 近地
• neighborhood n. 街区
例句
• We stopped at a nearby pub to have a rest after the long walk.
考点
• a nearby town 附近的城镇
• live nearby 住在附近
13
join ... to ...
/dʒɔɪn tuː/
phr. 把……和……连接或联结起来
派生词
• join hands 携手
• join in 参加
例句
• The bridge joins the island to the mainland.
考点
• join A to B 把A和B连接起来
14
break away (from sb/sth)
/breɪk əˈweɪ/
phr. 脱离;背叛;逃脱
派生词
• break out 爆发
• break down 出故障
例句
• The southern part of the kingdom broke away and became independent.
考点
• break away from 脱离;挣脱
• break away from tradition 打破传统
15
belong
/bɪˈlɒŋ/
vi. 应在(某处);适应
派生词
• belongings n. 财物
• belong to 属于
例句
• These old books belong in the museum, not in a dusty corner.
考点
• belong to 属于(无被动,无进行时)
• belong in 应在……
16
belong to
/bɪˈlɒŋ tuː/
phr. 属于
派生词
• belong v. 属于
• belongings n. 所有物
例句
• This ancient painting belongs to the national museum.
考点
• belong to 属于(to为介词,后接名词;无被动无进行时)
17
as well as
/æz wel æz/
phr. 同;和;还
派生词
• as well 也
• also adv. 也
例句
• The country has a long history as well as a rich culture.
考点
• as well as 连接两个主语时,谓语与前面的主语保持一致
• as well as = besides
18
currency
/ˈkʌrənsi/
n. 通货;货币
派生词
• current adj. 当前的
• foreign currency 外币
例句
• The pound is the currency used in the United Kingdom.
考点
• foreign currency 外币
• currency exchange 货币兑换
19
military
/ˈmɪlətri/
adj. 军事的;军用的
派生词
• military force 军事力量
• the military 军队
例句
• The old castle was once a military base in ancient times.
考点
• military service 兵役
• military forces 军队
20
defence
/dɪˈfens/
n. 防御;保卫;辩护
派生词
• defend v. 防御
• defensive adj. 防御的
例句
• The walls of the castle were built for defence against enemies.
考点
• national defence 国防
• in defence of 保卫
21
legal
/ˈliːɡl/
adj. 法律的;合法的
派生词
• illegal adj. 非法的
• legally adv. 合法地
例句
• It is legal to visit the public parts of the old castle.
考点
• legal action 法律诉讼
• legal rights 合法权利
• legal age 法定年龄
22
surround
/səˈraʊnd/
vt. 围绕;包围
派生词
• surroundings n. 环境
• surrounding adj. 周围的
例句
• The old town is surrounded by green hills and a clear river.
考点
• be surrounded by/with 被……包围
• surrounding environment 周围环境
23
evidence
/ˈevɪdəns/
n. 证据;证明
派生词
• evident adj. 明显的
• evidently adv. 明显地
例句
• There is evidence that people lived here thousands of years ago.
考点
• evidence for/of ……的证据
• There is evidence that... 有证据表明……
24
location
/ləʊˈkeɪʃn/
n. 地方;地点;位置
派生词
• locate v. 位于
• locality n. 地点
例句
• The location of the new museum is near the city center.
考点
• a perfect location 绝佳位置
• the location of ……的位置
25
conquer
/ˈkɒŋkə(r)/
vt. 占领;征服;控制
派生词
• conqueror n. 征服者
• conquest n. 征服
例句
• The Romans conquered many parts of Britain long ago.
考点
• conquer a country 征服一个国家
• conquer difficulties 克服困难
26
battle
/ˈbætl/
n. 战役;搏斗;斗争
派生词
• battlefield n. 战场
• fight a battle 作战
例句
• The Battle of Hastings took place in the year 1066.
考点
• fight a battle 作战
• win/lose a battle 赢/输战役
• the battle against 与……作斗争
27
port
/pɔːt/
n. 港口(城市);港口
派生词
• airport n. 机场
• port city 港口城市
例句
• Liverpool was once a busy port where ships came and went.
考点
• a port city 港口城市
• a naval port 军港
28
fascinating
/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/
adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的
派生词
• fascinate v. 使着迷
• fascinated adj. 被迷住的
例句
• The history of the British royal family is absolutely fascinating.
考点
• a fascinating story 迷人的故事
• be fascinated by 被……迷住
29
keep your eyes open (for)
/kiːp jɔːr aɪz ˈəʊpən/
phr. 留心;留意;睁大眼睛
派生词
• keep an eye on 留意
• keep your eyes peeled 留心
例句
• Keep your eyes open for old castles as you drive through the countryside.
考点
• keep one's eyes open for 留心注意
30
charge
/tʃɑːdʒ/
vt. & n. 收费;指控;充电;负责
派生词
• in charge of 负责
• free of charge 免费
例句
• They charge a small entry fee to visit the old tower.
考点
• charge sb money for sth 因……收某人钱
• in charge of 负责
• free of charge 免费
• charge a battery 充电
31
announce
/əˈnaʊns/
vt. 宣布;通知;声称
派生词
• announcement n. 宣布
• announcer n. 播音员
例句
• The government announced plans to repair the old castle.
考点
• announce sth 宣布某事
• announce that... 宣布……
• announce to sb 向某人宣布
32
amount
/əˈmaʊnt/
n. 数额;数量;金额
派生词
• a large amount of 大量
• the amount of ……的数量
例句
• A large amount of money was spent on protecting the ancient temple.
考点
• a large amount of + 不可数名词 大量
• the amount of ……的数量
• amount to 总计
33
gallery
/ˈɡæləri/
n. (艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊
派生词
• art gallery 美术馆
• picture gallery 画廊
例句
• We visited an art gallery to see paintings by famous artists.
考点
• an art gallery 美术馆
• the National Gallery 国家美术馆
34
approach
/əˈprəʊtʃ/
n. & vt. 方法;接近;接洽;着手处理
派生词
• an approach to ……的方法
• approachable adj. 平易近人的
例句
• We need a new approach to protect old buildings from damage.
考点
• an approach to (doing) sth
(做)……的方法
• approach sb 走近某人
• approach a problem 处理问题
35
ensure
/ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/
vt. 确保;保证;担保
派生词
• sure adj. 确信的
• ensure safety 确保安全
例句
• Laws must be made to ensure that cultural relics are well protected.
考点
• ensure sth 确保某事
• ensure that... 确保……
• ensure sb sth 保证某人……
36
landscape
/ˈlændskeɪp/
n. (陆上的,尤指乡村的)风景;景色
派生词
• landscape painting 风景画
• natural landscape 自然景观
例句
• The English landscape is famous for its green hills and small villages.
考点
• a beautiful landscape 美丽的风景
• rural landscape 乡村风光
37
generous
/ˈdʒenərəs/
adj. 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的
派生词
• generously adv. 慷慨地
• generosity n. 慷慨
例句
• The local people are generous and warm to visitors.
考点
• be generous with sth 在……大方
• It is generous of sb to do sth 某人做……真慷慨
38
butter
/ˈbʌtə(r)/
n. 黄油;奶油
派生词
• butterfly n. 蝴蝶
• peanut butter 花生酱
例句
• People in Britain often eat bread with butter for breakfast.
考点
• bread and butter 面包黄油
• peanut butter 花生酱
39
honey
/ˈhʌni/
n. 蜂蜜
派生词
• honeybee n. 蜜蜂
• honeymoon n. 蜜月
例句
• Bees make honey from the flowers in the garden.
考点
• honey bee 蜜蜂
• honey jar 蜂蜜罐
40
ancestor
/ˈænsestə(r)/
n. 祖宗;祖先
派生词
• ancestry n. 祖先
• descendant n. 后代
例句
• We honour our ancestors during the Spring Festival.
考点
• one's ancestors 某人的祖先
• ancestor worship 祭祖
41
position
/pəˈzɪʃn/
n. 位置;姿态;职位;处境
派生词
• in position 在适当位置
• out of position 不在位
例句
• Can you find the position of London on the map?
考点
• in a ... position 处于……地位
• take up a position 就职
• position of ...的位置
42
courtyard
/ˈkɔːtjɑːd/
n. 庭院;院子
派生词
• court n. 庭院
• front yard 前院
例句
• The old house has a beautiful courtyard with many flowers.
考点
• a castle courtyard 城堡庭院
• in the courtyard 在院子里
43
snack
/snæk/
n. 点心;小吃;快餐
派生词
• snack bar 快餐店
• a light snack 小吃
例句
• We had a quick snack at a small café before visiting the castle.
考点
• a snack bar 小吃店
• have a snack 吃点小吃
44
eager
/ˈiːɡə(r)/
adj. 热切的;渴望的
派生词
• eagerly adv. 渴望地
• eagerness n. 渴望
例句
• The students are eager to learn about the history of the UK.
考点
• be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
• be eager for sth 渴望某物
45
poem
/ˈpəʊɪm/
n. 诗;诗歌
派生词
• poet n. 诗人
• poetry n. 诗歌(总称)
例句
• We read a famous English poem about the beauty of the countryside.
考点
• write a poem 写诗
• a love poem 爱情诗
• poetry 诗歌总称
46
county
/ˈkaʊnti/
n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县
派生词
• county town 郡府
• in the county 在郡里
例句
• Yorkshire is a large county in the north of England.
考点
• a county town 郡府所在地
• in the county 在郡里
47
feast
/fiːst/
n. 盛宴;宴会;节日
派生词
• feast on 尽情享用
• a wedding feast 婚宴
例句
• The king held a great feast to celebrate the victory.
考点
• a wedding feast 婚宴
• give/hold a feast 举行盛宴
• feast on 尽情吃
48
roll
/rəʊl/
vi. & vt. & n. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动;卷;卷形物
派生词
• roll over 翻滚
• a bread roll 面包卷
例句
• The ball rolled down the hill and into the river.
考点
• roll over 翻滚
• roll up 卷起
• a roll of ... 一卷……
49
dot
/dɒt/
n. & vt. 点;小圆点;加点;散布于
派生词
• on the dot 准时
• a dot of 一点
例句
• Small villages dot the green countryside.
考点
• on the dot 准时
• dots of ... 点点……
• be dotted with 散布着
50
roar
/rɔː(r)/
vi. & n. 吼叫;咆哮;呼啸;喧闹声
派生词
• roaring adj. 轰鸣的
• roar with laughter 哄堂大笑
例句
• The wind roared around the old castle all night.
考点
• roar with laughter 哄堂大笑
• the wind roars 风呼啸
51
ocean
/ˈəʊʃn/
n. 大海;海洋
派生词
• ocean floor 海底
• the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
例句
• The United Kingdom is an island country surrounded by ocean.
考点
• the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
• ocean life 海洋生物
52
scent
/sent/
n. 气味;香味;香水
派生词
• scented adj. 有香味的
• a sweet scent 甜香
例句
• The sweet scent of roses filled the old courtyard.
考点
• a sweet scent 甜香
• the scent of flowers 花香
53
greet
/ɡriːt/
vt. 问候;迎接;向……打招呼
派生词
• greeting n. 问候
• greet sb with 用……迎接
例句
• The host greeted us warmly at the door of the old house.
考点
• greet sb with sth 用……迎接某人
• greet sb 向某人打招呼
54
pub
/pʌb/
n. 酒吧;酒馆
派生词
• pub food 酒馆食物
• go to the pub 去酒吧
例句
• British people often go to the pub after work to relax.
考点
• a local pub 当地酒馆
• go to the pub 去酒吧
55
wine
/waɪn/
n. 葡萄酒;果酒
派生词
• wine glass 酒杯
• red wine 红酒
例句
• French wine is famous all over the world.
考点
• red/white wine 红/白葡萄酒
• a bottle of wine 一瓶酒
56
beer
/bɪə(r)/
n. 啤酒
派生词
• beer garden 啤酒花园
• a glass of beer 一杯啤酒
例句
• People in Britain enjoy drinking beer in the local pub.
考点
• a pint of beer 一品脱啤酒
• beer garden 露天啤酒园
57
stew
/stjuː/
n. & vt. 炖菜;炖菜;炖;焖
派生词
• beef stew 炖牛肉
• stewed fruit 炖水果
例句
• On cold days, a warm bowl of beef stew tastes wonderful.
考点
• beef stew 炖牛肉
• stew apples 炖苹果
58
custom
/ˈkʌstəm/
n. 风俗;习俗;习惯
派生词
• customs n. 海关
• customary adj. 习惯的
例句
• Eating roast beef on Sundays is a British custom.
考点
• a local custom 当地风俗
• social customs 社会习俗
• customs 海关
59
sensory
/ˈsensəri/
adj. 感觉的;感官的
派生词
• sense n. 感觉
• senses n. 感官
例句
• The old town offers a rich sensory experience for visitors.
考点
• sensory experience 感官体验
• sensory organs 感觉器官
60
striking
/ˈstraɪkɪŋ/
adj. 引人注目的;显著的
派生词
• strike v. 击;罢工
• strikingly adv. 显著地
例句
• The castle has a striking tall tower that can be seen for miles.
考点
• a striking feature 显著特征
• a striking contrast 鲜明对比
61
transition
/trænˈzɪʃn/
n. 过渡;转变;变迁
派生词
• transition from...to... 从……到……的过渡
• transitional adj. 过渡的
例句
• The country went through a long transition from war to peace.
考点
• a transition from A to B 从A到B的过渡
• in transition 处于过渡时期
62
achievement
/əˈtʃiːvmənt/
n. 成就;成绩;达到
派生词
• achieve v. 达到
• achievements 成就
例句
• Building the Great Wall was a great achievement in ancient times.
考点
• a sense of achievement 成就感
• academic achievements 学术成就
63
crowd
/kraʊd/
n. & vt. 人群;群众;挤满;聚集
派生词
• crowded adj. 拥挤的
• a crowd of 一群
例句
• A large crowd gathered in front of the castle to watch the show.
考点
• a crowd of people 一群人
• be crowded with 挤满了
• crowd into 涌入
64
Wales
/weɪlz/
n. 威尔士(英国)
派生词
• Welsh adj. 威尔士的
• the Welsh 威尔士人
例句
• Wales is known for its beautiful green mountains and rivers.
考点
• Wales 威尔士(专有名词大写)
• Welsh 威尔士的
65
Scotland
/ˈskɒtlənd/
n. 苏格兰(英国)
派生词
• Scottish adj. 苏格兰的
• the Scots 苏格兰人
例句
• Scotland is famous for its castles, bagpipes and kilts.
考点
• Scotland 苏格兰(专有名词大写)
• Scottish 苏格兰的
66
Northern Ireland
/ˌnɔːðən ˈaɪələnd/
n. 北爱尔兰(英国)
派生词
• Northern Irish 北爱尔兰的
• Ireland 爱尔兰
例句
• Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom.
考点
• Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰(专有名词大写)
67
Anglo-Saxon
/ˌæŋɡləʊ ˈsæksn/
n. 盎格鲁—撒克逊人
派生词
• Anglo-Saxon England 盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰
例句
• The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain long before the Normans.
考点
• Anglo-Saxon 盎格鲁-撒克逊人(专有名词大写)
68
Viking
/ˈviːkɪŋ/
n. 维京人;北欧海盗
派生词
• Viking ships 维京船
• Viking age 维京时代
例句
• The Vikings sailed their long ships to Britain more than a thousand years ago.
考点
• the Vikings 维京人(复数)
• Viking ship 维京长船
69
the Normans
/ðə ˈnɔːmənz/
n. 诺曼人(征服者)
派生词
• Norman Conquest 诺曼征服
• Normandy 诺曼底
例句
• The Normans conquered England in 1066.
考点
• the Normans 诺曼人(复数,专有名词)
70
Battle of Hastings
/ˈbætl əv ˈheɪstɪŋz/
n. 黑斯廷斯战役(1066年)
派生词
• Hastings 黑斯廷斯
• battle 战役
例句
• The Battle of Hastings changed the history of England forever.
考点
• the Battle of Hastings 黑斯廷斯战役(专有名词大写)
71
Roman
/ˈrəʊmən/
adj. & n. 古罗马的;古罗马人;罗马人
派生词
• Rome 罗马
• Roman Empire 罗马帝国
例句
• The Romans built many roads and walls in Britain.
考点
• the Roman Empire 罗马帝国
• Roman roads 罗马道路
72
Van Gogh
/væn ˈɡɒɡ/
n. 凡·高(荷兰画家)
派生词
• Van Gogh Museum 凡·高博物馆
例句
• Van Gogh is one of the most famous painters in the world.
考点
• Van Gogh 凡·高(画家名,专有名词大写)
73
the Emerald Isle
/ðə ˈemərəld aɪl/
n. 绿宝石岛(爱尔兰的别称)
派生词
• emerald n. 祖母绿
• Ireland 爱尔兰
例句
• Ireland is often called the Emerald Isle because of its green countryside.
考点
• the Emerald Isle 绿宝石岛(爱尔兰别称)
74
Irish
/ˈaɪərɪʃ/
adj. & n. 爱尔兰的;爱尔兰人;爱尔兰语
派生词
• Ireland n. 爱尔兰
• the Irish 爱尔兰人
例句
• Irish music and dance are loved by people all over the world.
考点
• Irish 爱尔兰的/人(专有名词大写)
• the Irish 爱尔兰人
Thank you!
词汇精讲
1680.0
1392.0
1440.0
1584.0
1536.0
1584.0
1056.0
1776.0
1248.0
1152.0
1200.0
1344.0
1392.0
1488.0
1200.0
1440.0
1584.0
1392.0
1344.0
1392.0
1248.0
1392.0
1440.0
1536.0
1296.0
1200.0
1152.0
1632.0
1968.0
1152.0
1344.0
1296.0
1248.0
1392.0
1296.0
1536.0
1392.0
1200.0
1056.0
1536.0
1344.0
1440.0
1248.0
1152.0
1200.0
1296.0
1248.0
1056.0
1104.0
1104.0
1248.0
1248.0
1200.0
1056.0
1104.0
1056.0
1200.0
1296.0
1392.0
1440.0
1536.0
1536.0
1248.0
1248.0
1488.0
1824.0
1872.0
1296.0
1488.0
2016.0
1248.0
1488.0
1920.0
1344.0
$
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。