Unit 4 Space Exploration Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 课时作业 -2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

**基本信息** 高中英语必修三课时作业，通过基础词汇语法→语篇理解→综合应用的三层梯度设计，系统巩固语言知识，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|词汇变形、短语搭配、基础句型|单句填空考查词性转换（如globe→global），句型训练强化attach等核心动词用法| |语篇层|语篇理解、逻辑衔接|阅读理解分析月球山谷形成（推理判断），七选五训练太空垃圾问题上下文逻辑| |综合层|语法知识语篇应用|语法填空结合嫦娥六号任务语境，综合考查时态、语态及从句连接词（如what引导宾语从句）|

2026-2027高中英语 必修三 课时作业 Period Four　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing ●Ⅰ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) 1.Clearly, 　　　　　　(globe) climate change is becoming a great threat to our environment.   2.The event has a 　　　　　　(limit) number of tickets, so book early to avoid disappointment.  3.You could also visit the local library where the 　　　　　　(resource) are rich and diverse.   4.People are advised to sort their rubbish to make it easier for the waste 　　　　　　(recycle).   5.Older women who 　　　　　　(regular) drink green tea may have low risks of stomach cancers.   6.The home is situated within easy access to shops and other 　　　　　　(facility).   7.Don’t judge others 　　　　　　(shallow) based on their appearance; look deeper into their character.  8.It is beyond 　　　　　　(argue) that smoking is harmful to health.   9.The beauty of Jiuzhai Valley is 　　　　　words.   10.Their research centred on the key factors of the solution 　　　　　　environmental pollution.   ●Ⅱ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分16分) 1.He didn’t report this matter to the manager; 　　　　　　(结果;因此), it brought a great loss.   2.　　　　　　 (最后), I’d like to show my great thanks again for your favour.   3.When he was a boy, he 　　　　　　(热衷于) swimming in that river near his village.   4.He 　　　　　　　　(用完,耗尽) all his money when he came back home.   5.Don’t jump to conclusions before you 　　　　　　(弄清楚) the cause of the accident.   6.Sleep disorders can lower people’s quality of life and even 　　　　　　(导致) disease.   7.Try to finish your work more efficiently 　　　　　　　　　　(以便) go home earlier.   8.She had enough money to 　　　　　　　(为……提供生活所需) her children before she found a job.   ●Ⅲ 句型训练(每小题3分,满分12分) 1.Although busy, she still 　　　　　　　　　　spending quality time with her children. (attach)   尽管忙碌,她仍非常重视与孩子共度有质量的时光。 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 is good for your health.(v.-ing 作主语)   晚饭后散步对你的健康有好处。 3.She considers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  她认为花时间为社区做志愿活动是值得的。 4.  there are more monitors on main streets and crossings.(it作形式主语) 众所周知,主要街道和十字路口的监控器更多了。 ●Ⅳ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分) A new study suggests an asteroid strike (小行星撞击) on the moon billions of years ago left two huge valleys about the size of Earth’s Grand Valley. Researchers from the United States and Britain said their research shows the two deep valleys formed apace—the whole process finished within less than 10 minutes. They noted the crash happened near the south pole on the far side of the moon. That is the side of the moon which always faces away from Earth. The speed of the incoming object was thought to be around 55,000 kilometres per hour. The crash likely took place about 3.8 billion years ago. The group’s research suggested the asteroid passed over the south pole before hitting. It then created a huge plain area and sent rocky materials at speeds of up to 1 kilometre per second. The researchers said material was sent flying and struck the moon’s surface like missiles (导弹), resulting in the creation of the valleys. The valleys appear comparable in size to the Grand Valley, in the US state of Arizona. It is thought that the asteroid was 25 kilometres across. The researchers guessed that the energy needed to create the two valleys would have been more than 130 times greater than the power of all the world’s current nuclear weapons (核武器). As broken pieces from the crash were thrown out from the moon’s south pole, ancient rocks in the polar area would be at or close to the surface. This makes it easier for astronauts to collect them. The researchers said those rocks can help scientists get a better understanding of the moon’s history. The researchers noted it is not yet clear whether the two huge valleys are always shadowed like some of the valleys at the moon’s south pole. That is something that researchers are clearly going to reexamine. (　)1.What does the underlined word “apace” in Paragraph 1 mean? A.Strangely. 　　　　　B.Perfectly. C.Recently. D.Quickly. (　)2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A.The size of the asteroid that hit the moon. B.The process of how the valleys on the moon were formed. C.The speed of the incoming object that crashed on the moon. D.The comparison between the moon’s valleys and other valleys. (　)3.Why are nuclear weapons mentioned? A.To explain how they work. B.To show how dangerous asteroid strikes can be. C.To warn that they should be managed properly. D.To suggest that asteroids could be used as weapons in space. (　)4.What role do the ancient rocks in the polar area of the moon play? A.They prove there are huge valleys on the moon. B.They tell the location of the asteroid strike on the moon. C.They stress the influence of the asteroid strike on the moon. D.They enable researchers to learn more about the moon. ●Ⅴ 阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) Seventy-five years after humans successfully put their first object into space, it’s much easier to launch a satellite, but it’s a lot messier once we’re up there. 1.　　　　 There are around 5,000 satellites in orbit with fewer than half actually working. When a satellite stops functioning, it keeps orbiting at very high speed, making a great threat to the useful ones.  2.　　　　 Scientists are struggling for strategies to tackle the problem. One suggested solution is to refuel the dead satellites and bring them back to life. Another concept is to use a robot with four arms to catch a dead satellite before pulling it into the atmosphere to burn it up.This is hard both technically and politically, though. 3.　　　　 And the world hasn’t yet reached a consensus (共识) on why we should clear the space junk and there are no real rules that govern how we work out there.  First why should we keep things clean in orbit? We use satellites to check the weather, find our way around, and for financial purposes. Space data gives us not just beautiful pictures of the earth, but also information about climate change, natural disasters and other things that can help humans with earthbound challenges. 4.　　　  Then how can we humans think as one big community? Governments should make powerful regulations. Companies ought to engage in shared practices and scientists are expected to think up practical methods. 5.　　　　 Only in this way can we keep those orbital highways open for the next generation and beyond before they are deadly blocked by space junk.  A.They provide services closely related to our life. B.So space sustainability has become a big concern. C.Space is getting increasingly crowded and dangerous. D.Operating a robot from hundreds of miles away is tough. E.Anyway, we should quicken the pace of clearing up. F.So we depend largely on space and it needs to be tidied up. G.All of these have been integrated into the solutions we really need. ●Ⅵ 语法填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) On Sunday, China landed an unmanned spacecraft on the far side of the moon. This 1.　　　　　　 (history) mission aims to collect the first rock and soil samples from the moon’s dark side. The Chang’e-6 craft, which 2.　　　　　　 (equip) with its own launcher, landed in a large impact crater before 6:30 am Beijing time, China’s state-run Xinhua News Agency reported. “The mission involves many engineering innovations, high risks 3.　  great difficulty,” the China National Space Administration said, as translated. The craft 4.　　　　　　 (collect) samples by drilling into rocks and soil on the moon and taking samples from the lunar surface. “5.　　　　　 (land) on the far side of the moon is very difficult because you don’t have line-of-sight communications, you’re relying on a lot of 6.　　　　　　 (link) in the chain to control 7.　　　　　　 is going on, or you have to make it automatic,” said Neil Melville-Kenney, according to Reuters. Melville-Kenney, 8.　　　　　　 technical officer at the European Space Agency, is working with China 9.　　　　　　 one of the Chang’e-6 payloads. The 10.　　　　　　 (accomplish) is a leap for China in the lunar space race as many countries, including the United States, are hoping to use lunar minerals for long-term astronaut missions within the next decade.  Period Four　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.global　2.limited　3.resources　4.to be recycled　5.regularly　6.facilities　7.shallowly　8.argument 9.beyond　10.to Ⅱ.1.as a result　2.In closing　3.was keen on　4.had run out of　5.figure out　6.result in　7.so as to/in order to 8.provide for Ⅲ.1.attaches great importance to 2.Walking after supper 3.it worthwhile spending/to spend time volunteering for the community 4.It is known to all that/It is widely known that Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明,约38亿年前小行星撞击月球南极附近,快速形成两个巨型山谷,其研究意义重大。 1.D　词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Researchers from the United States and Britain said their research shows the two deep valleys formed apace—the whole process finished within less than 10 minutes.”(来自美国和英国的研究人员表示,他们的研究表明这两个深谷形成得很快——整个过程在不到10 分钟的时间里就完成了。)可推测apace的意思是“快速地”。故选D项。 2.B　段落大意题。根据第三段“The group’s research suggested the asteroid passed over the south pole before hitting. It then created a huge plain area and sent rocky materials at speeds of up to 1 kilometre per second. The researchers said material was sent flying and struck the moon’s surface like missiles (导弹),resulting in the creation of the valleys.”可知,该段主要讲述了月球上的山谷形成的过程。故选B项。 3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段“The researchers guessed that the energy needed to create the two valleys would have been more than 130 times greater than the power of all the world’s current nuclear weapons (核武器)。”可知,通过将形成山谷所需的能量与核武器威力做比较,说明小行星撞击的威力巨大,即展示了小行星撞击可能是多么危险。故选B项。 4.D　细节理解题。根据第五段“As broken pieces from the crash were thrown out from the moon’s south pole, ancient rocks in the polar area would be at or close to the surface. This makes it easier for astronauts to collect them. The researchers said those rocks can help scientists get a better understanding of the moon’s history.”可知,月球极地地区的古老岩石能让研究人员更多地了解月球。故选D项。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着太空技术的不断发展,太空垃圾问题日益严重,针对这一问题,人们探讨了应对措施。 1.C　根据上文“Seventy-five years after humans successfully put their first object into space, it’s much easier to launch a satellite, but it’s a lot messier once we’re up there.”(在人类成功将第一个物体送入太空75年后,发射卫星变得容易多了,但是一旦我们到了太空中,情况就变得更加混乱了。)以及下文“There are around 5,000 satellites in orbit with fewer than half actually working. When a satellite stops functioning, it keeps orbiting at very high speed, making a great threat to the useful ones.”(大约有5000颗卫星在轨道上运行,其中不到一半实际上是在工作的。当一颗卫星停止运转后,它会继续以极高的速度绕轨运行,这对那些有用的卫星构成了巨大威胁。)可知,空处指的是太空中的混乱情况。选项C“Space is getting increasingly crowded and dangerous.”(太空正变得越来越拥挤和危险。)与上下文语境相符,其中dangerous与下文a great threat对应。故选C。 2.B　根据下文“Scientists are struggling for strategies to tackle the problem. One suggested solution is to refuel the dead satellites and bring them back to life. Another concept is to use a robot with four arms to catch a dead satellite before pulling it into the atmosphere to burn it up.”可推测,空处提及的是一个有待解决的问题。选项B“So space sustainability has become a big concern.”(因此,太空可持续性已成为一个重大问题。)提出太空可持续性已成为一个重大问题,引出下文,符合语境,其中a big concern与下文the problem相呼应。故选B。 3.D　根据上文“…catch a dead…”和“This is hard both technically and politically, though.”可知,用机器人抓住废弃的卫星并将其拖入大气层烧毁一事很困难。空处应继续解释为什么该解决方案实施起来困难重重,选项D“Operating a robot from hundreds of miles away is tough.”(从数百英里外操作机器人是很困难的。)自然延续上文内容,解释了为什么解决方案实施起来非常困难,符合语境。故选D。 4.F　根据上文“Space data gives us not just beautiful pictures of the earth, but also information about climate change, natural disasters and other things that can help humans with earthbound challenges.”可知,太空数据提供了很多信息,本段主要介绍太空数据对我们的用处。选项F“So we depend largely on space and it needs to be tidied up.”(所以我们很大程度上依赖太空,它需要被清理。)符合语境,其中we depend largely on space有承上作用,it needs to be tidied up有启下作用,并呼应段首“First why should we keep things clean in orbit?”。故选F。 5.G　根据上文“Then how can we humans think as one big community? Governments should make powerful regulations. Companies ought to engage in shared practices and scientists are expected to think up practical methods.”可知,上文主要从几个方面介绍人类应该怎样做来清理太空垃圾。选项G“All of these have been integrated into the solutions we really need.”(所有这些都已被整合到我们真正需要的解决方案中。)符合语境,其中all of these与上文的几个方面的措施对应。故选G。 Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国嫦娥六号无人飞船在月球背面成功着陆这一历史性任务,包括其目的、采样方式及面临的困难等。 1.historic　考查形容词。空处修饰名词mission,用形容词historic作定语,表示“有历史意义的,历史性的”。故填historic。 2.is equipped　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。equip(配备)是从句中谓语动词,与主语which(即先行词the Chang’e-6 craft)之间是被动关系,描述客观事实,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is equipped。 3.and　考查连词。名词词组engineering innovations, high risks和great difficulty是并列关系,要用连词and连接。故填and。 4.will collect　考查时态。collect(采集)是谓语动词,根据语境,飞船采集样本这个动作还未发生,要用一般将来时。故填will collect。 5.Landing/To land　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作主语,用动名词landing或不定式to land作主语;句首单词首字母大写。故填Landing/To land。 6.links　考查名词复数。a lot of后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词,link(环节)是可数名词,用复数形式。故填links。 7.what　考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,结合句意表示“正在发生的事情”可知,要用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 8.a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一名技术官”,且technical的发音以辅音音素开头,要用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 9.on　考查介词。work with…on…是固定短语,意为“与……合作处理……”,符合语境。故填on。 10.accomplishment　考查名词。空处作主语,用名词 accomplishment(成就,成绩),结合系动词is可知,主语是单数名词。故填accomplishment。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $