内容正文:
Let’s listen and learn.
UNIT 3
Smart Learning
Section A(4a-4c)
Let's review
1. 朗读并说出句意(衔接 Section A 3a-3e 阅读):
I think (that) first you need to become an active learner.
2. 对比观察,找出两个句子的差别:
I believe you. | I believe (that) I can fly.
3. 想一想:第二句中作宾语的是一个单词,还是一个句子?
→ 由句子充当宾语 → 宾语从句(本课学习主题)
Learning tip:观察 — 归纳 — 验证
先自己从例句中发现规律,再用规则回头检查自己写出的句子。
Learning Objectives
In this lesson you will be able to:
1. identify the connecting words (that / if·whether / wh-words) and
the object clauses in sentences;
2. master the three key points of object clauses: connecting words,
word order (陈述语序) and tense;
3. use object clauses to talk about learning methods and express your opinions
and questions;
4. summarize the rules by observing examples, and check your own learning
with the self-check list.
Let’s learn.
I believe you.
I believe
I can fly.
(that)
主
谓
宾
这两个句子有什么区别呢?
从 句
代词
Let’s learn.
I believe (that) I can fly .
宾 语 从 句
连接词
I believe (that) I can touch the sky .
宾 语 从 句
动词、介词后的句子就是宾语从句
that 无实际含义,常常可以省略
Let’s learn.
the movie will be on in June.
I ask
I ask
Will the movie be on in June?
Will
the movie
be on in June?
Will
the movie
be on in June?
Will the movie be on in June?
I ask
我问
这部电影是否在6月上映。
will
be on in June.
if
whether
the movie will be on in June.
the movie will be on in June.
I ask
the movie will be on in June.
I ask
whether / if 表示“是否”,不可以省略,其后句子用陈述句语序
Let’s learn.
3
4
2
1
whether
介词后面
I’m thinking of whether Keep Run
-ning will be on in May.
位于句首时
Whether it is true or not,
I can’t tell.
不定式前面
They asked me whether to watch
Running Man together.
与 or not 连用
I’m not sure whether
it will be on in May or not.
一般情况下,if / whether 引导宾从,表示“是否”的时候,可以通用;想要不用错,选 whether 就对了。
Read the sentences. Circle the connecting words and underline the object clauses.
I believe (that) reading is important for learning.
I think (that) the best way is to do maths problems.
Peter finds (that) he can connect physics with something in real life.
I wonder if / whether you could help me.
I want to know if / whether you read English books outside class.
1. that引导陈述句宾语从句,无词义,非正式书写可省略(多个宾语从句并列时,第二个 that 不能省);
2. if /whether 引导一般疑问含义的宾语从句,表 “是否”。
宾语从句
在复合句中,由一个句子充当宾语,这个句子叫作宾语从句。
宾语从句三要素:关联词、语序、时态。
Let’s learn.
宾语从句
连接词
(引导词)
语序
时态
陈述句语序
可省略
一、关联词
引导宾语从句的常见关联词有that、if、whether、what、who、where、why和how等。
当宾语从句具有陈述意义时,用that引导。
that只起连接作用,没有实际意义,在从句中不充当成分,因此常可省略。
e.g. Mary thinks (that) the teams were just fantastic.
I believe (that) reading is important for learning.
Grandma still remembers (that) you love cookies.
that
I wonder if / whether there will be races again next year.
I want to know if / whether you read English books outside class.
I wonder if / whether you could help me.
当宾语从句具有一般疑问含义时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”
whether或if 在从句中不充当任何成分,但不可省略。
if / whether
只用whether,不用if引导的情况:
1) 在介词后面
e.g. I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
2) 与or not直接连用
e.g. I don’t know whether or not they can get there on time.
一般来说,在宾语从句中if与whether可以互换使用。但有时,两者不能互换。
I don’t know whether / if she will go to Beijing tomorrow.
The boy didn’t believe that his cat died.
Do you know if / whether Lucy will go to Beijing to have a meeting tomorrow?
二、语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,也无论主从句间是什么引导词,宾语从句一律用陈述语序:引导词+主语+谓语+其他。
I know (that) Jack is a hard-working student.
I know (that) he will take the exam.
Jenny knows the man was flying a kite at that time.
宾语从句的时态一般受主句时态的影响。
如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时,that, whether/ if 引导的宾语从句可根据需要使用适当的时态。
三、时态
Linda didn’t say if her aunt was still with them.
Dad told me that the sun rises in the east.
Teresa told her son that leaves turn yellow in autumn.
当主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态。
当从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象等时,一般不受主句时态的限制,用一般现在时。
4b
Complete the sentences with that or whether / if.
1. Jim doesn't know ________ he can take partin the research
project or not.
2. My parents think ________ they need to be stricter about my
studies.
3. Ms Gao understands _______ some students need more
time to improve.
4. Terry wonders ________ it will be easy to study courses on AI.
5. Could you tell me ________ this sentence is correct in English?
whether
that
if/whether
that
if/whether
Q: What do you know about the person?
Hua Luogeng.
Let’s watch and learn!
Complete the passage with the correct sentence parts.
A. by studying maths books B. He suggested that
C. He wondered whether D. learning had many challenges
E. It is hard to believe
As a youth, Hua Luogeng left high school to support his family. However, he loved maths and did not want to give up. _______ there was a way to continue learning. Finally, he decided to teach himself _______. Hua Luogeng later introduced a reading and learning method to young learners.
C
A
A. By studying maths books B. He suggested that
C. He wondered whether D. learning had many challenges
E. It is hard to believe
_______ learners should read and take notes very carefully, then summarize the key points. He once said, “A book starts heavy and thick but becomes thinner as you understand it better.” As an active learner, Hua Luogeng stayed positive no matter what difficulties he met in his life and studies. _______ that such a talent also failed exams in school, but that was true for him. He said that _______ and it was important to take things step by step.
B
E
D
Discuss whether you would like to try the learning method suggested.
Yes, I would like to try Hua Luogeng’s learning method. Taking careful notes and summarizing key points can help me understand better. When a book becomes “thinner”, I know I have grasped (掌握) the main ideas. This active way of learning makes me more confident. It also teaches me to face difficulties step by step. So I will give it a try.
Sentence Bank:I think / believe / find (that) Hua Luogeng's method is … | I wonder whether it works for me. | I want to know if my classmates have other good methods.
New words: correct, suggest, method, summarize
Expressions: connect … with…, take part in,
key points
Sentences: I think (that) the best way is to do maths problems.
Peter finds (that) he can connect physics with something in real life.
完成句子。
1. 我听说你擅长跳舞。
I heard _______ _______ _______ good at dancing.
2. Alice不知道明天是否会下雨。
Alice _______ _______ ________ _______ ______ rain tomorrow.
3. 我们物理老师告诉我们,声音在水中传播的速度比在空气中快。
Our physics teacher told us _______ _______ _______ faster in water than in air.
4. 虽然写作比赛我失利了,但是我父母相信下次我会做得更好。
Although I lost the writing competition, my parents _______ _______ _______ do better next time.
that you are/were
doesn’t know whether/if it will
that sound travels
believe
that I’ll
1. My teacher taught us ________ the earth revolves around the sun.
2. —I wonder __________ there is a post office near here.
—Yes, it’s on Main Street.
3. I’m not sure _________ I can catch the bus or not.
4. They told me ________ they could finish the work before ten o’clock.
5. The old man asked the police ___________ there is a bank near this park.
6. I believe ______ everyone can learn a lot from great works.
7. Linda asked me ________ I bought Jim the cool T-shirt or not.
that
语法填空
if / whether
whether
if / whether
that
that
whether
Summary & Self-check
宾语从句三要素
① 连接词:that(陈述句,常可省略)/ if · whether(“是否”,不可省略)/ wh-词(what, who, where, why, how…)
② 语序:一律用陈述语序 —— 连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他
③ 时态:主现从随便 / 主过从过去 / 客观真理用一般现在时
Self-check 自查清单
① 我能找出句子中的连接词(that / if·whether / wh-词)
② 我会用陈述语序,不会写成疑问语序
③ 我能根据主句时态确定从句时态(客观真理用一般现在时)
④ 我能用宾语从句谈论自己的学习方法
Homework
Homework(分层作业
★ 基础层:整理宾语从句“三要素”笔记(连接词 / 语序 / 时态);
朗读 4a 五个句子并圈出连接词,抄写订正。
★ 提高层:完成 4b、4c 并订正;
用 that 和 if / whether 各写 2 个句子,谈谈自己的学习方法。
★ 拓展层:采访 1-2 位同学 “What's your best way to learn English?”,
用宾语从句写 3-5 句汇报(如 I found that … / He said that …),下节课分享。
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