专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，湖南专用）八年级英语上学期

**基本信息** 初中英语期中说明文阅读汇编，涵盖人与社会（旅游、“搭子文化”）、人与自我（家庭、日常活动）、人与自然（动物、植物）等主题，精选湖南多地期中真题，素材真实且贴近学生生活。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇3-4题|细节理解（如“Seren是礼品店”）、词义猜测（如“delightful”意为“Great”）、主旨归纳（如“Stroud—英国小镇”标题）|情境时代性（“躺平旅行”“AI机器人Peipei”）、问题层次分明（基础到推理）、真题汇编（湖南衡阳、长沙等地期中试题）|

专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南衡阳四校-11月·期中）If you are looking for a place to spend your vacation, come to Stroud, a small town of England. The town is beautiful with hills around it. You may enjoy your vacation here because it’s very interesting. There is a nice town center. It’s safe for people to walk around because no one can drive on most of the streets. The town center has some shops, like a cake shop and a clothes shop. There are some shops that I call “dangerous”, because it’s easy to spend lots of money on them! In fact, these shops are wonderful places to find gifts. The best one is called Seren. It sells handmade things from all over the world. Maybe the best thing about the town is that there’s a market on Saturday mornings. The market is in the town center. The market is always popular, and it is a great place to meet friends. People sell food, drinks and handicrafts (手工艺品) at the market. There are people playing music. I always have breakfast with friends there. 1.What kind of shop is Seren? A. A cake shop. B. A book shop. C. A gift shop. 2.What does the underlined word “safe” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Exciting B. Not dangerous. C. Wonderful. 3.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A. The market. B. The town center. C. The town. 4.Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Friendly People in Stroud B. Different Shops in Stroud C. Stroud-A Small Town of England 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了英国小镇斯特劳德的相关信息。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In fact, these shops are wonderful places to find gifts. The best one is called Seren.”可知，Seren是一个礼物店。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“It’s safe for people to walk around because no one can drive on most of the streets.”可知，人们在周围散步很安全，因为大多数街道都不允许开车，因此此处safe表示“安全的”，即Not dangerous。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“The market is always popular, and it is a great place to meet friends.”可知，集市总是很受欢迎，而且它是遇见朋友的好地方，因此it指代集市。故选A。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据全文可知，全文围绕斯特劳德小镇展开，介绍其适合度假的原因，因此最佳标题应为“Stroud-A Small Town of England”。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南常德常德芷兰实验学校·期中）Do you know about “lying-flat” travel (躺平旅行)? It’s a new way to relax by slowing down and enjoying the moment during holidays. Now, many young people choose to travel this way. Cheng Yi is one of them. Cheng Yi, a 36-year-old worker, enjoys travelling. In the past, she and her family were always on the go during holidays. They rushed to busy cities, discovering more places and sightseeing. That always made them tired. Now, their holidays are more about spending meaningful moments together as a family. “I used to think of such vacations as a waste of time, but now they fit our family perfectly. We choose places with playgrounds and fun activities for kids. We can relax and don’t need to worry about too many people or long waiting lines. Just being together with family at hotels can make our holidays delightful,” said Cheng. More people are choosing “lying-flat” travel as a way to get away from busy routines and find inner (内心的) peace. However, this doesn’t mean they will stop exploring wonderful places. They are still open to other travel ideas. “Travel isn’t just about visiting many places. It’s about experiencing the place you’ re in and learning about the local (当地的) life. The good times we create together really matter,” Cheng said. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By asking a question. B. By using a mind map. C. By telling about a recent event. 2.What do we know about Cheng? A. Her thoughts about travelling never change. B. In the past, her holidays were often rushed and tiring. C. She feels that family time is uninteresting. 3.What does the underlined word “delightful” mean? A. Usual. B. Terrible. C. Great. 4.Which sentence can best describe Cheng’s opinion about travel now? A. Travel means going to as many well- known places as you can. B. Travel is mostly for the young to enjoy themselves and experience new things. C. Travel is about having a good time with family and learning about how local people live. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“躺平旅行”这一新兴的旅行方式，通过Cheng Yi的例子说明年轻人如何通过慢节奏旅行享受家庭时光。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Do you know about ‘lying-flat’ travel?”（你知道“躺平旅行”吗？）可知，作者以提问方式开篇。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In the past, she and her family were always on the go...That always made them tired.”（过去，她和家人总是匆忙奔波……这让他们很疲惫）可知，Cheng过去的假期匆忙且疲惫。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Just being together with family at hotels can make our holidays delightful”（仅仅和家人一起待在酒店就能让假期很愉快）可知，“delightful”与“great”（美好的）同义。故选C。 (4)题解析： 观点态度题。根据“Travel isn’t just about visiting many places...The good times we create together really matter”（旅行不仅是去很多地方……一起创造的时光才重要）可知，她认为旅行是与家人共度时光并体验当地生活。故选C。 主题语境02 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 I like to make friends. Victor is one of my best friends. He is as outgoing as me. We became friends when I was ten years old. We both like sports very much. We play tennis three times a week and play basketball twice a week. I’m a little quiet. My best friend Grace is different from me. She is funnier than me. She likes going to parties and dancing very much. She likes swing dance best. She joined a dancing club a week ago. My best friend is Lisa. She is two years older than me. She is very friendly. I really like her. We became friends three years ago. Lisa is also hard-working. She studies better than me and she always helps me with my Maths. 1.How old was Mike when he and Victor became friends? A. 9. B. 10. C. 11. 2.What subject is Lisa good at? A. Science B. English C. Maths 3.Which is TRUE? A. Mike and Victor play tennis three times a week. B. Grace doesn’t enjoy dancing at all. C. Lisa is not hard-working. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了 Mike、Monica、Tara 三位同学各自的好朋友，涵盖朋友的性格、爱好、相处日常等内容。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据Mike部分的“We became friends when I was ten years old.”可知，Mike 和 Victor 成为朋友时，Mike的年龄是10岁。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据Tara部分的“she always helps me with my Maths”可知，Lisa擅长的科目是数学。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据Mike部分的“Victor is one of my best friends...We play tennis three times a week”可知，Mike和Victor 一周打3次网球。故选A。 主题语境03 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·湖南长沙师大附中集团-11月·期中） Many parents want their kids to grow into successful and happy adults. An 85-year study from Harvard University, which followed over 700 successful people, shows one surprising reason: chores matter a lot. But it’s not just doing chores. It’s why and how kids do them. When chores are part of working together as a team, like clearing the table or washing dishes together, kids feel respected and connected. This means they feel they are an important part of the family. When parents and children work side by side, even simple tasks become enjoyable. That feeling of being part of a group gives kids a stronger sense of self-worth (自我价值). These children are less selfish and more likely to help others. They’re also learning important skills. For example, children who regularly help clean up after meals or share the chores on weekends often plan their time better and solve problems well—these are useful skills for future jobs and relationships. Also, they can always get along better with classmates and perform more actively at school. The key is that when chores become a shared family mission (使命), they are no longer just tasks. Instead, they become a way to show love and care for the family. So, asking kids to do chores does more than teach responsibility (责任). When families work together on chores, kids feel needed and loved. They also learn important skills for life. Remember, every little chore they do today helps shape (塑造) their tomorrow. 1.How do children feel when doing chores together with parents? A. Tired and bored. B. Excited and respected. C. Respected and connected. 2.What does the underlined word “selfish” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. 自私的 B. 自觉的 C. 无私的 3.What skills can children learn from doing chores? ①making good use of time ②solving problems well ③performing the best at school ④getting on better with classmates A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ 4.What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To advise parents to ask kids to help with more chores. B. To encourage parents and kids to work together on chores. C. To teach kids how to grow into successful and happy adults. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要阐述了父母和孩子一起做家务的意义。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“When chores are part of working together as a team, like clearing the table or washing dishes together, kids feel respected and connected.”可知，孩子和父母一起做家务时，会感到被尊重且有联结感。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“These children are less selfish and more likely to help others.”可知，这些孩子更愿意帮助他人，即这些孩子没那么自私，划线词意为“自私的”。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“For example, children who regularly help clean up after meals or share the chores on weekends often plan their time better and solve problems well—these are useful skills for future jobs and relationships. Also, they can always get along better with classmates and perform more actively at school.”可知，孩子们可以从做家务中学到：合理利用时间、妥善解决问题、与同学相处得更好。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“When families work together on chores, kids feel needed and loved. They also learn important skills for life.”并结合文章内容可知，文章核心强调家人一起做家务的意义——让孩子获得价值感、学习技能等，最终目的是鼓励父母和孩子共同参与家务。故选B。 主题语境04 人与自我-节假日活动 （25-26八上·湖南长沙长郡集团-11月·期中）Hello! I’m Lily. I did a survey (调查) about the National Day holiday activities among 200 students in Changsha. Here are the results: National Day Holiday Activities Percentage (百分比) of Students Visit Yuelu Mountain & Orange Isle 40% Enjoy delicious food at Pozi Street 20% Visit Hunan Museum & study history 25% Other activities (stay at home, travel to other cities…) 15% 1.According to the chart, what was the most popular activity for the holiday? A. Enjoying food at Pozi Street. B. Visiting museums and studying history. C. Visiting Yuelu Mountain and Orange Isle. 2.How many students visited Hunan Museum? A. 50. B. 40. C. 30. 3.From the chart, what can we infer (推断) about the students surveyed? A. They all had different activities for the holiday. B. Most of them left Changsha during the holiday. C. Many of them enjoyed outdoor activities or local culture in Changsha. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要以表格的形式展示了莉莉针对长沙200名学生开展的国庆假期活动调查结果。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Visit Yuelu Mountain & Orange Isle 40%”可知有40%的学生参观了岳麓山和橘子洲，占比例最大，故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Visit Hunan Museum & study history 25%”可知有25%的学生参观了湖南博物馆，而被调查人数一共是200人，所以判断有50人参观了湖南博物馆，故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Other activities (stay at home, travel to other cities…) 15%”可知只有15%的学生待在家里，或是到其它城市旅行，所以推断大多数学生享受了室外活动或本地文化，故选C。 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·湖南衡阳四校-11月·期中）My name is Lily, and my favourite animal is the panda. Pandas are black and white, and they look very cute. They live in the mountains of China and eat bamboo every day. I like pandas because they are funny. Sometimes they climb trees or roll (滚动) on the ground to play. Did you know that pandas spend about 12 hours a day eating? That’s because bamboo doesn’t have much energy, so they need to eat a lot. Sadly, there are not many pandas left in the world. People are working hard to protect them and their homes. 1.What is Lily’s favourite animal? A. Tigers. B. Elephants. C. Pandas. 2.What do pandas eat? A. Fish. B. Meat. C. Bamboo. 3.Why do pandas eat for 12 hours a day? A. Because they are very lazy. B. Because bamboo only gives them a little energy. C. Because they like playing while eating. 4.What are pandas like? A. Kind and noisy. B. Funny and cute. C. Cute and dangerous. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. B　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了Lily最喜欢的动物熊猫，包括熊猫的外形、饮食、习性以及它们面临的生存状况和保护情况。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“My name is Lily, and my favourite animal is the panda.”可知，Lily最喜欢的动物是熊猫。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They live in the mountains of China and eat bamboo every day.”可知，熊猫吃竹子。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Did you know that pandas spend about 12 hours a day eating? That’s because bamboo doesn’t have much energy, so they need to eat a lot.”可知，熊猫每天吃12小时是因为竹子提供的能量少。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Pandas are black and white, and they look very cute. I like pandas because they are funny.”可知，熊猫既可爱又有趣。故选B。 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南邵阳·期中）Have you heard of (听说) dazi? Have you ever found a dazi? These days, finding a dazi is becoming popular with Chinese young people. A dazi is a person we eat with, study with, exercise with or take a trip with, but we haven’t known him or her before. The dazi culture is about finding the right person to do the right activity with. Xiaoyue, a young woman from Ningxia, has met many dazi because of her love for basketball and biking. Having a dazi not only gives her company (陪伴) but also helps her enjoy sports more. These dazi relationships are very different from close friendships. As for close friends, we need to stay in close contact. With a dazi, you don’t have to do so. Many dazi may not meet again after a trip or a game together. So, many people believe having a dazi makes their social life easier and more comfortable. Finding a dazi shows that Chinese young people want clearer boundaries (界限) in their social relationships. Dazi will not talk or ask a lot about their personal lives. And they hope these relationships can let them share their hobbies and interests, or that they can help them to improve themselves. Although finding a dazi has many good points, we should be careful and put our safety first. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By giving numbers. C. By asking questions. 2.How might Xiaoyue describe having a dazi? A. Enjoyable. B. Difficult. C. Serious. 3.What does the underlined word “so” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Having a social life. B. Staying in close contact. C. Playing games together. 4.Why do Chinese young people like to find a dazi? ①To improve themselves. ②To share their hobbies and interests. ③To save time and money. ④To have boundaries in their social relationships. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当下在中国年轻人中流行的“搭子”文化，包括搭子的定义、与亲密朋友的区别、年轻人喜欢找搭子的原因以及找搭子时需要注意的事项等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Have you heard of (听说) dazi? Have you ever found a dazi?”可知，作者通过提问的方式开始这篇文章。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Having a dazi not only gives her company (陪伴) but also helps her enjoy sports more.”可知，有搭子不仅给了小月陪伴，还让她更享受运动，由此可推断小月觉得有搭子是令人愉快的。A选项“Enjoyable（令人愉快的）”符合语境。故选A。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“As for close friends, we need to stay in close contact. With a dazi, you don’t have to do so.”可知，对于亲密朋友，我们需要保持密切联系，而对于搭子，你不必这样做，所以“so”指代的是“Staying in close contact（保持密切联系）”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Finding a dazi shows that Chinese young people want clearer boundaries (界限) in their social relationships. Dazi will not talk or ask a lot about their personal lives. And they hope these relationships can let them share their hobbies and interests, or that they can help them to improve themselves.”可知，中国年轻人喜欢找搭子是因为他们想在社会关系中有更清晰的界限，搭子不会过多谈论或询问他们的个人生活，他们希望这些关系能让他们分享自己的爱好和兴趣，或者帮助他们提升自己，所以①②④符合题意。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南衡阳一中教育集团·期中）Did you hear of dazi? Did you find a dazi? These days, finding a dazi is becoming popular. A dazi is a person we eat with, study with, exercise with or take a trip with, but we don’t know him or her before. The dazi culture is about finding the right person to do the right activity with. Xiaoyue, a young woman from Hengyang, has many dazi because of her love for basketball. Having a dazi not only helps her enjoy sports more but also gives her company (陪伴). These dazi relationships are very different from close friendships. As for close friends, we need to stay in close contact. With a dazi, you don’t have to do so. Many dazi may not meet again after a trip or a game together. So, many people believe having a dazi makes their social life easier and more comfortable. Finding a dazi shows that Chinese young people don’t want to talk or ask a lot about their personal lives. And they hope these relationships can let them share their hobbies and interests. As a new popular culture, finding a dazi has many good points, but we should be careful and put our safety first. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By asking questions. C. By giving an example. 2.How might Xiaoyue describe having a dazi? A. Serious. B. Tired. C. Enjoyable. 3.What does the underlined word “so” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Having a social life. B. Playing games together. C. Staying in close contact. 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Dazi: a new popular culture B. Some stories of dazi C. How we find a dazi 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当下流行的“搭子”文化，阐述了“搭子”的定义、与亲密朋友的区别、年轻人找“搭子”的原因以及找“搭子”的注意事项等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Did you hear of dazi? Did you find a dazi?”可知，作者通过提问的方式开启文章。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Having a dazi not only helps her enjoy sports more but also gives her company (陪伴).”可知，有搭子不仅能让小月更享受运动，还能给她陪伴，由此可推断小月会觉得有搭子是令人愉快的。故选C。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“As for close friends, we need to stay in close contact. With a dazi, you don’t have to do so.”可知，对于亲密朋友，我们需要保持密切联系，而对于搭子，你不需要这样做，所以“so”指代的是“保持密切联系”。故选C。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。文章主要围绕“搭子”这一新的流行文化展开，介绍了其相关情况，A选项“搭子：一种新的流行文化”符合文章主旨。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-体育 （25-26八上·湖南长沙第一中学集团·期中）Xiangchao is also called Hunan Super Football Games. It’s a fun football activity where teams from different cities in Hunan play against each other. Many people like to watch these matches! Xiangchao Matches (2025) No. Teams Time Price Result 1 Changsha vs. Hengyang Sep. 13, 19:35 ¥10 2-1 2 Chenzhou vs. Yongzhou Sep. 21, 15:00 ¥20 3-0 3 Changde vs. Huaihua Oct. 4, 19:35 Free 1-1 4 Huaihua vs. Yiyang Oct. 12, 16:00 ¥15 1-2 1.When is the match between Changde and Huaihua? A. On Sep. 13 at 19:35. B. On Oct. 4 at 19:35. C. On Oct. 12 at 16:00. 2.Which of the following is NOT true? A. The ticket for Changsha vs. Hengyang cost ¥10. B. Yiyang played better than Huaihua. C. Chenzhou played worse than Yongzhou. 【答案】1. B　2. C 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了“湘超 (湖南超级足球联赛)”，详细列出了2025年四场湘超比赛的对阵队伍、时间、票价和比赛结果。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Changde vs. Huaihua”对应的“Time”列可知，比赛时间是“Oct. 4, 19:35”。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。表格中“Chenzhou vs. Yongzhou”的结果是“3-0”，说明郴州赢了永州，即“Chenzhou played better than Yongzhou”，而非“Chenzhou played worse than Yongzhou”，选项C表述错误。故选C。 主题语境03 人与社会-社会 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南长沙长郡集团-11月·期中）Chinese schools are adding more free days for students. In China, students usually have summer and winter vacations and public holidays. But now, thanks to a government action plan introduced in March, many schools are adding more days off. The idea is that some primary and middle schools can give students spring and autumn breaks if they want to. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School enjoyed a five-day spring break in March. They visited interesting places like a history museum, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and an aerospace center (航天中心) to learn about science. “When other students are still having classes, we are outside having fun,” one of the students told Xinhua. Yin Xianwen, Party chief (党委书记) of the school, sees it as a great way to learn. “Watching plants grow is a lesson in nature and visiting old places is a history lesson. Similarly, traveling with others helps students learn how to get along with people.” Yin told People’s Daily. “It gives students the chance (机会) to get the most precious growth experiences during the most beautiful season.” “Also, students can enjoy their spring break with families. It can help families to become closer together and make students feel less tired in studying,” said Xinhua. However, there are some challenges (挑战). Not all parents can take time off when their kids do, so some children may end up staying home and playing on their phones. Schools also need to find a way to fit all their lessons into the new plan. To make these breaks work well, the government, schools, parents and communities need to work together, noted People’s Daily. 1.According to the passage, what did the students from Yuyan Middle School do during their five-day spring break? A. They had more classes at school. B. They stayed at home to relax themselves. C. They visited cool places about science and history. 2.The underlined word “precious” most likely means “________”. A. short B. common C. treasured 3.What may be a challenge of the new breaks? A. Schools might not have enough money for activities. B. Some parents are too busy to stay with their children. C. Students like staying home and playing on their phones. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Importance of Family Time for Students B. A Report on Student Activities in Guangzhou C. Chinese Schools Try New Breaks for Better Learning 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国学校新增春假、秋假等假期，以助力学生更好地学习与成长，还介绍了广州玉岩中学学生春假期间的活动、假期带来的好处以及面临的挑战等内容。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They visited interesting places like a history museum, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and an aerospace center to learn about science.”可知他们参观了有趣的地方，比如历史博物馆，港珠澳大桥，和航天中心，以学习科学，故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“during the most beautiful season”并结合备选项可猜测应是在最美的季节，获得最珍贵的成长经历，可推测出划线词意为“珍贵的”，与“treasured”意思相近。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Not all parents can take time off when their kids do, so some children may end up staying home and playing on their phones.”可知新假的挑战是：不是所有的父母都能休假陪孩子，故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据“Chinese schools are adding more free days for students.”和全文可知文章介绍了中国学校尝试增加新的假期，助力学生更好地学习和成长，故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南怀化·期中）In China, students usually have summer and winter vacations and public (公共的) holidays. But now, thanks to a government (政府) action plan started in March, many schools are adding more vacations for students. The idea is that some primary and middle schools could add spring and autumn vacations for students according to their own needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School enjoyed a five-day spring vacation in March. They looked into history and science at places like the Museum of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (港珠澳大桥), and Zhuhai Aerospace Land. “While others are studying in classrooms, we’re out enjoying ourselves,” one of the students said happily. Yin Xianwen, head teacher of the school, sees it as a great way to learn. “Watching plants grow is a lesson in nature, visiting historical places is a history lesson, and travelling together is a lesson in social (社交的) skills,” Yin told the reporter from the People’s Daily. “It gives students a chance to get the most priceless growth experiences during the most beautiful season. Also, students can enjoy their spring vacations with families. It can help bring families closer together.” However, there are some challenges (挑战) in carrying out the new vacations. Not all parents can have the same free time when their children do, so some children may end up staying at home and playing on their mobile phones. Schools also need to find a way to help students make the new plan. 1.How many new vacations could students get according to a government action plan? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 2.What didn’t the students from Yuyan Middle School do during their spring vacation? A. They explored historical and scientific places. B. They still went back to study at school. C. They went to Zhuhai Aerospace Land. 3.According to the head teacher Yin Xianwen, why should we have the new vacations? a. Because they are good for children’s growth. b. Because they can help bring families closer together. c. Because they can make children get good grades. d. Because they can improve children’s social skills. A. abc B. abd C. bcd 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Traditional Holidays in Chinese Schools B. The New Vacations in Chinese Schools C. The Perfect Spring Vacations in Chinese Schools 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. B　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍我国部分中小学新增春秋假期的政策，举例说明广州一所中学的实践及意义，同时提及该政策推行面临的挑战。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“many schools are adding more vacations...add spring and autumn vacations”可知，新增2个假期（春假、秋假），故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They looked into history and science at places like...Zhuhai Aerospace Land”可知，学生未返校学习，故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“gives students priceless growth experiences...help bring families closer together...lesson in social skills”可知，新增假期利于学生成长、提升社交能力、拉近家庭关系，a、b、d正确，c（提高成绩）未被提及，故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。结合全文可知，本文围绕中国学校新增春假、秋假展开，介绍案例、意义及挑战，最佳标题为“The New Vacations in Chinese Schools”，故选B。 主题语境04 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·湖南湘潭湘钢一中教育集团市十二中·期中）In Chongqing, China, a new robot named Peipei is helping take care of old people. Peipei is a good helper for old people. She works at a centre for old people. She is kind, friendly and useful. Peipei is very smart. She can tell if someone is sad or not sleeping well. Grandma Wang, an old woman at the centre likes talking to Peipei. They often play games and take photos together. Peipei can even make the photos look nice! When Grandma Wang misses her granddaughter, Peipei tells her that she will give her a call soon. Peipei’s name sounds like the word “陪”. It means “to keep you company (陪伴)”. With the help of AI technology (人工智能技术), Peipei can understand feelings and give old people better care. There are many old people in Chongqing. That’s why the city is using robots like Peipei to help. In the future, robots like Peipei may be in more places to care for old people. 1.Which of the following words can best describe Peipei? A. Kind and useful. B. Kind and quiet. C. Quiet and useful. 2.What does Grandma Wang often do with Peipei? A. Sing and dance. B. Play games and take photos. C. Read books and watch TV. 3.Why is the robot named “Peipei”? A. Because it sounds like the word for “陪”. B. Because it is a friendly name for a grandmother. C. Because it can play games with people. 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Grandma Wang and Her Robot Friend. B. Robots are Our Friends. C. A Robot Helper for Old People. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. A　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了重庆一款名为“Peipei”的机器人帮助照顾老年人的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Peipei is a good helper for old people. She works at a centre for old people. She is kind, friendly and useful.”可知，她善良、友好且实用。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Grandma Wang, an old woman at the centre likes talking to Peipei. They often play games and take photos together.”可知，她们经常一起玩游戏和拍照。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Peipei’s name sounds like the word “陪”. It means “to keep you company (陪伴)”.”可知，Peipei的名字发音似“陪”。故选A。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文核心围绕机器人“Peipei”如何帮助老人展开，选项C精准概括全文主旨。故选C。 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南湘潭益智中学~·期中） Giant pandas are one of the most lovely animals in the world, and they are China’s national treasure. Many people call them “living fossils (化石)” because they have lived on Earth for a very long time. Pandas have special black and white fur. Their eyes, ears, shoulders and legs are black, and the rest of their body is white. This special color makes them easy to know. They mainly live in the bamboo forests of southwest China, such as Sichuan Province. Bamboo is their favorite food—99% of what they eat is bamboo. Sometimes, they also eat small fruits or vegetables. Pandas are a little fat but very quick. They can climb trees well and even swim. What do they like to do every day? They spend half of the day eating and most of the other time sleeping. Between meals, they usually sleep for 2 to 4 hours. Now, pandas are a rare kind of animal. There are only about 2,000 pandas left in the world. To protect them, China has built many nature reserves (保护区). Thanks to these efforts (努力), the number of pandas is slowly going up. 1.Giant pandas are called “living fossils” because ________. A. they look like fossils. B. they like to eat bamboo. C. they have lived on Earth for a long time. 2.Where do most pandas live in China? A. Sichuan Province B. Beijing C. Shanghai 3.How long do pandas usually sleep between meals? A. For 1-2 hours. B. For 2-4 hours. C. For 5-6 hours. 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to Protect Pandas B. Giant Pandas: China’s Treasure C. Pandas’ Favorite Food 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大熊猫的相关信息，包括它们被称为“活化石”的原因、外貌特征、生活习性、分布地区以及保护现状等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Many people call them ‘living fossils (化石)’ because they have lived on Earth for a very long time.”可知，大熊猫被称为“活化石”是因为它们在地球上生活了很长时间。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They mainly live in the bamboo forests of southwest China, such as Sichuan Province.”可知，大多数大熊猫生活在中国西南部的竹林里，比如四川省。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Between meals, they usually sleep for 2 to 4 hours.”可知，大熊猫在两餐之间通常睡2到4个小时。故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了大熊猫的相关信息，包括它们的外貌、生活习性、分布地区以及保护现状等，强调了大熊猫是中国的国宝。因此，选项B“Giant Pandas: China’s Treasure”最符合文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南长沙雅礼教育集团·期中）Do you know how many kinds of plants and animals are there in the world? Scientists think there are more than 8 million, but now we only know about 1.8 million. That means there are still millions of living things we don’t know. Scientists are always looking for these unknown (未知的) kinds. In 2019, a group of researchers (研究人员) led by a university professor named Austin found a new animal. They were in Papua, an island region, studying many kinds of life. One night, the researchers were listening to frog sounds. Suddenly, they heard some really strange sounds. At first, they didn’t know where the unique sounds came from. After a while, they found the sounds were from the ground. They started to look carefully among the leaves. They thought they would find an insect. But what they found surprised them. It was a very small frog-only 7 mm long! Austin said, “This frog’s sound doesn’t sound like a frog. It sounds like an insect.” The frog they found was the smallest frog in the world. Researchers think frogs and insects are very important. They help keep our earth clean and we can also use them to make new medicine (药). Researchers around the world work hard to find new plants and animals every day. But their work is getting more and more difficult. This is because the forests where these animals live are getting smaller. The discovery (发现) of this small frog tells us that our earth has many amazing secrets(秘密)waiting to be found. Protecting nature means protecting these chances. 1.How many kinds of plants and animals do we know now? A. About 1.8 million. B. About 8 million. C. About 18 million. 2.What does the underlined word “unique” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 普通的 B. 独特的 C. 安静的 3.What did the researchers expect to find when they started looking among the leaves? A. A small frog. B. An insect. C. A new kind of plant. 4.What is the best title for this passage? A. The Work of Professor Austin. B. Difficulties in Finding New Animals. C. The Discovery of a Small Frog and Nature Protection. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上仍有大量未知动植物，2019年研究人员在巴布亚发现世界上最小的青蛙，同时说明动植物的重要性及寻找新物种的难度，强调保护自然的意义。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Scientists think there are more than 8 million, but now we only know about 1.8 million.”可知，我们现在知道大约180万种动植物。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Suddenly, they heard some really strange sounds. At first, they didn’t know where the unique sounds came from.”可知，“unique”指的是独特的。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They thought they would find an insect.”可知，研究人员开始在树叶间寻找时，期望找到一只昆虫。故选B。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据“The discovery of this small frog tells us that our earth has many amazing secrets waiting to be found. Protecting nature means protecting these chances.”可知，文章围绕小青蛙的发现和自然保护展开。故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26八上·湖南湘潭湘钢一中教育集团市十二中·期中）The baobab (猴面包树) tree is a strange-looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “the bottle tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers can turn into fruit. The baobab is called “the tree of life”, because it can live for more than 1,000 years. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1,000 gallons (加仑) of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk (树干) becomes hollow. So many people can get into the trunk. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree that some people can hardly live without it. 1.Which of the following pictures is the baobab? A. B. C. 2.How tall can baobab trees grow? A. As high as 16 meters B. As tall as a 16-floor building C. Not as tall as a 16-floor building 3.What does the underlined word “hollow” mean in Paragraph 3? A. 脏的 B. 干的 C. 空的 4.Which of the following is NOT true? A. Flowers come out in dry seasons. B. The leaves of the baobab are good medicine. C. The baobab tree can live for more than 1,000 years. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了猴面包树，讲述了关于它的传说、外观、价值等内容。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Just like its name ‘the bottle tree’, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building.”可知，猴面包树看起来像一个大瓶子，图A是典型的猴面包树“瓶状”形态，故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building.”可知，有些猴面包树可以长得有16层楼那么高。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“When a baobab gets old, its trunk (树干) becomes hollow. So many people can get into the trunk.”可知，当猴面包树老了，它的树干就会变空，人可以进入树干里，因此划线词“hollow”意为“空的”。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out.”可知，猴面包树在雨季时才长叶开花，干季没有叶子。故选A。 Passage 4 （25-26八上·湖南常德常德芷兰实验学校·期中）If you asked scientists whether monkeys and chimpanzees (黑猩猩) had a sense of right and wrong before they had a deep study on them, they would tell you that it seemed not possible. It was believed that only humans could imagine the future. Some people said that most monkeys were cleverer than most dogs. What’s more, if dogs seemed unhappy when they did something bad, some people believed that dogs learnt such an action to make their owners happy. It doesn’t mean that dogs understand why their owners are angry. It doesn’t mean that animals can think about the future. Now, however, it appears that chimpanzees and monkeys may be able to think about the future. Santino is a chimpanzee and he lives at a zoo in Sweden. He is famous for his bad mood. Santino doesn’t like being looked at by visitors and he often throws stones at them. Before visitors walk into the zoo, he must have decided if he is prepared for visiting days. He begins collecting stones so that he is fully ready to throw them when people come to see him. The interesting thing is that Santino would only collect stones when he thinks visitors might come. In winter when the zoo is closed, he doesn’t collect them. Santino’s action is a clear example of an animal planning for the future. It’s also an example to show “scientific” beliefs come from facts rather than opinions. It seems likely that within ten years, we shall have a completely different view of animal intelligence (智慧). 1.What did scientists think of animals before? A. They could think about what will happen next. B. They didn’t know what was right or wrong. C. They could feel happy or sad when people do. 2.Why does Santino collect many stones? A. Because he wants to make a wall with stones. B. Because his keeper asks him to do that. C. Because he wants to throw them at people who come to see him. 3.Which paragraph gives an example to show animals can also plan for the future? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. 4.What does the writer want to tell us? A. Dogs are able to know how their owners feel. B. Only animals that look like humans can imagine later events. C. We should find out what is true by looking at real things, not just personal ideas. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文一篇说明文，通过黑猩猩Santino的例子，说明原本被认为不具备是非观、无法规划未来的动物（如黑猩猩）其实有这类能力，同时强调科学认知应基于事实而非主观观点，预示动物智力的研究将迎来新认知。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“If you asked scientists whether monkeys...it seemed not possible.”可知，科学家之前认为动物没有是非观念。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“He begins collecting stones...when people come to see him.”可知，Santino收集石头是为了扔给来看它的游客。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中Santino提前收集石头应对游客的例子，以及“Santino’s action is a clear example of an animal planning for the future.”可知，第三段举例说明动物能规划未来。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“It’s also an example to show ‘scientific’ beliefs come from facts rather than opinions.”可知，作者想告诉我们应该通过事实而非个人想法来探寻真相。故选C。 主题语境01 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 （25-26八上·湖南益阳·期中）①Do you know “E-person” and “I-person”? Even twins may be different from each other in personalities, hobbies and friends. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. ②Andy, an E-person I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head for the sea on Saturdays to surf (冲浪), and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding bikes. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him on the weekend because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. ③Anna, an I-person I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on the sofa with a great book in my hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tim. Sue is so funny that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me. We often share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. ④From Andy and Anna, Introverted and outgoing people can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1.What does Andy do on Sundays with Tom? A. They go surfing. B. They ride bikes. C. They play video games. 2.Which of the following words can best describe Anna? A. Funny. B. Lazy. C. Quiet. 3.The underlined word “introverted” in the last paragraph means “________”. A. 幽默的 B. 内向的 C. 冷漠的 4.What might be the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了“外向型人格”和“内向型人格”，通过一对双胞胎Andy和Anna的例子，说明不同性格的人也能成为朋友，且需要不同性格的朋友丰富生活。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Andy, an E-person”和“on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding bikes”可知，Andy周日和Tom一起骑自行车。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Anna, an I-person”和“I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on the sofa with a great book in my hand”可知，Anna喜欢安静独处，能体现她性格是安静的。故选C。 (3)题解析： 词义猜测题。根据前文Andy是“E-person”、Anna是“I-person”，结合“introverted and outgoing people”的并列关系，可推测“introverted”与“outgoing”“外向的”意思相反，对应“内向的”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段引出“外向型人格”和“内向型人格”的话题；第②③段分别介绍Andy(外向型人格)和Anna(内向型人格)的例子；第④段总结观点。结构为“总—分—总”，对应选项A(①总起，②③分述，④总结)。故选A。 主题语境02 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南岳阳·期中）Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the baobab tree, also called the monkey bread tree, the bottle tree or others. The baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers can turn into fruit. The baobab is called “the tree of life”, because it can live longer than 1,000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab tree can pull in and hold 1,000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. The baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow (空的). An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree. Some people could hardly live without it. 1.Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A. B. C. 2.Which of the following is NOT true? A. The baobab has many names. B. Flowers come out in rainy seasons. C. The oldest baobab is less than 1, 000 years old. 3.Why an old tree can hold many people ? A. Because it can live longer than 1,000 years old. B. Because its trunk becomes hollow. C. Because people build houses inside it. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. To introduce the history of the baobab tree. B. To tell people how to plant the baobab tree. C. To describe the appearance and uses of the baobab tree. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了猴面包树(baobab tree)的起源传说、独特外形、生长习性、长寿特性以及它对人类的多方面用途。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air.”可知，旱季时，这些树没有叶子，看起来像直立的树干，如A图所示。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The baobab is called ‘the tree of life’, because it can live longer than 1,000 years old.”可知，它的寿命可以超过1,000年。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow (空的). An old tree can hold many people.”可知，猴面包树老了之后，树干会变空，因此能容纳很多人。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了猴面包树(baobab tree)的起源传说、独特外形、生长习性、长寿特性以及它对人类的多方面用途。因此，C选项“描述猴面包树的外观和用途。”最贴合文章的主旨。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南长沙长郡集团-11月·期中）The Amazing Discovery of Plant Communication A recent study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中科院) has found a wonderful secret of the natural world: trees in a forest can actually “talk” to each other and work together to help each other stay healthy and grow. This discovery is changing our understanding of forests, showing they are far more than just many trees growing in one place. The study explains that trees are connected by a special web under the ground. This web is made of their roots and a kind of fungi (真菌), which acts like a natural internet, often called the “Wood Wide Web”. When a tree is attacked (侵害) by insects or is short of water, it doesn’t stay in silence. Instead, it sends out special messages to tell other trees about the danger through this web. Nearby trees that receive these messages will quickly start making special things to protect themselves. What’s more, the help doesn’t stop there. In the forest, there are larger, older trees, called “mother trees”, which play an important role. They are often the most connected centre in the web and will even share valuable nutrients (营养素) and water with younger trees through their roots and the fungi, giving them a better chance to grow better. This exciting discovery teaches us a very important lesson about nature. It helps us understand why it’s important to protect whole forest ecosystems, not just focusing on single trees. When we cut down too many trees, we break their communication and support (支持) webs. Then, they cannot help each other when there is a big storm, a tree sickness, or other problems like climate change. Life becomes much harder for them. The research team leader, Dr. Wang, shared his thoughts on the bigger lesson: “This teaches us a beautiful lesson about working together and community. Just like trees that support each other unconditionally (无条件地), we humans should also work together to protect our environment. Every tree matters in a forest, just as every person matters in our society.” This finding reminds us that we are part of an interconnected world, and our future depends on learning from the wisdom of nature. 1.How do trees mainly “talk” to each other according to the study? A. By sending messages through the air. B. By changing the color of their leaves. C. Through their roots and a special web under the ground. 2.What do “mother trees” do to help younger trees? A. Give them more sunlight. B. Share nutrients through their roots. C. Protect them from strong winds. 3.What does Dr. Wang mainly want to tell us? A. Cutting down trees is important for making cities bigger. B. Humans should learn from trees and work together. C. Older people are always wiser than young people. 4.Which of the following best describes the purpose (目的) of the passage? A. To explain how fungi help trees grow. B. To describe the dangers forests are facing. C. To tell us about a scientific discovery and its lesson on working together. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了“森林中的树木可以‘交谈’”这一发现，以及该发现给我们的启示。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The study explains that trees are connected by a special web under the ground. This web is made of their roots and a kind of fungi,”可知，树木主要是通过它们的根和地下的特殊网相互“交谈”。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In the forest, there are larger, older trees, called ‘mother trees’, which play an important role. They are often the most connected centre in the web and will even share valuable nutrients (营养素) and water with younger trees through their roots and the fungi, giving them a better chance to grow better.”可知，“母树”通过根部与幼树共享有价值的营养物质和水，帮助其更好地生长。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“This teaches us a beautiful lesson about working together and community. Just like trees that support each other unconditionally (无条件地), we humans should also work together to protect our environment.”可知，王博士的核心观点是：树木之间相互支持，如同社区合作。他希望人们能从中学习，团结一致，保护环境。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了“森林中的树木可以‘交谈’”这一发现，以及该发现给我们的启示。文章主要目的是解释树木如何通过地下网络相互交流与支持，启示人们能从中学习，团结一致。故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26八上·湖南长沙第一中学集团·期中） A family of golden lion tamarins (金狮面狨) is moving in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest (巴西大西洋森林). The father has two babies on his back, and his partner is next to him. These tamarins can only live in forests— they can’t live anywhere else. Long ago, the Atlantic Forest was twice as big as Thailand. But in the 1500s, Europeans (欧洲人) began to cut down trees to make ships and homes. Later, farmers cut down more trees for sugarcane (甘蔗), coffee and cows. Now the forest is less than 10% of its original (最初的) size. Tamarins spend most of their time in the top of trees, so when the forest got smaller, their homes and living areas got smaller too. By the 1970s, only about 200 tamarins were left. Since 1972, people who protect nature have worked to save the tamarins. Some zoos had tamarins in cages. They bred more tamarins to make their number bigger—many baby tamarins were born in the zoos at that time. Then they trained the tamarins to live in the wild. For example, zookeepers let them live in trees and learn to find food. In 1983, the first group went back to Brazil’s forests. Local groups also helped: they bought land, planted trees and gave people jobs. Now nearly 2,500 tamarins live in the forest. 1.Why did Europeans cut down trees in the Atlantic Forest? A. To protect golden lion tamarins. B. To build ships and homes. C. To grow sugarcane and tea. 2.What does the underlined word “bred” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. 繁育 B. 售卖 C. 放生 3.How many tamarins live in the forest now? A. About 200. B. Nearly 2,500. C. Less than 10% of its original number. 4.This passage is most likely from ________. A. a travel guide about Brazil B. a history book about Europe C. a magazine about saving animals 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了巴西大西洋森林中金狮面狨的生存情况，讲述了由于人类砍伐树木导致森林面积锐减、金狮面狨数量濒临灭绝，随后自然保护者和动物园通过繁育、野化训练等方式拯救它们，当地群体也参与保护，最终使金狮面狨数量恢复的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“But in the 1500s, Europeans began to cut down trees to make ships and homes.”可知，欧洲人砍伐树木的目的是建造船只和房屋。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第三段“to make their number bigger—many baby tamarins were born in the zoos at that time”可知，“bred”的目的是增加金狮面狨的数量，且有幼崽在动物园出生，因此划线单词“bred”意为“繁育”。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now nearly 2,500 tamarins live in the forest.”可知，如今，这片森林里生活着将近2,500只金狮面狨。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。文章核心围绕金狮面狨的保护展开，涉及生存危机、拯救措施和保护成果，属于动物保护相关主题。因此，本文最可能来自一本关于拯救动物的杂志。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.C 主题语境02人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 【答案】1.B2.C3.A 主题语境03人与自我-日常活动 【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.B 主题语境04人与自我-节假日活动 【答案】1.C2.A3.C 主题语境05人与自然-动物与植物 【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.B 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-人际交往 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.B 113 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.A 主题语境02人与社会-体育 【答案】1.B2.C 主题语境03人与社会-社会 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.B 主题语境04人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.A2.B3.A4.C 主题语境05人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.B Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.C Passage 3 【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.A Passage 4 【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.C 拓展培优 主题语境01人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.A 213 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境02人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.B3.B4.C Passage 3 【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.C 3/3 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南衡阳四校-11月·期中）If you are looking for a place to spend your vacation, come to Stroud, a small town of England. The town is beautiful with hills around it. You may enjoy your vacation here because it’s very interesting. There is a nice town center. It’s safe for people to walk around because no one can drive on most of the streets. The town center has some shops, like a cake shop and a clothes shop. There are some shops that I call “dangerous”, because it’s easy to spend lots of money on them! In fact, these shops are wonderful places to find gifts. The best one is called Seren. It sells handmade things from all over the world. Maybe the best thing about the town is that there’s a market on Saturday mornings. The market is in the town center. The market is always popular, and it is a great place to meet friends. People sell food, drinks and handicrafts (手工艺品) at the market. There are people playing music. I always have breakfast with friends there. 1.What kind of shop is Seren? A. A cake shop. B. A book shop. C. A gift shop. 2.What does the underlined word “safe” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Exciting B. Not dangerous. C. Wonderful. 3.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A. The market. B. The town center. C. The town. 4.Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Friendly People in Stroud B. Different Shops in Stroud C. Stroud-A Small Town of England Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南常德常德芷兰实验学校·期中）Do you know about “lying-flat” travel (躺平旅行)? It’s a new way to relax by slowing down and enjoying the moment during holidays. Now, many young people choose to travel this way. Cheng Yi is one of them. Cheng Yi, a 36-year-old worker, enjoys travelling. In the past, she and her family were always on the go during holidays. They rushed to busy cities, discovering more places and sightseeing. That always made them tired. Now, their holidays are more about spending meaningful moments together as a family. “I used to think of such vacations as a waste of time, but now they fit our family perfectly. We choose places with playgrounds and fun activities for kids. We can relax and don’t need to worry about too many people or long waiting lines. Just being together with family at hotels can make our holidays delightful,” said Cheng. More people are choosing “lying-flat” travel as a way to get away from busy routines and find inner (内心的) peace. However, this doesn’t mean they will stop exploring wonderful places. They are still open to other travel ideas. “Travel isn’t just about visiting many places. It’s about experiencing the place you’ re in and learning about the local (当地的) life. The good times we create together really matter,” Cheng said. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By asking a question. B. By using a mind map. C. By telling about a recent event. 2.What do we know about Cheng? A. Her thoughts about travelling never change. B. In the past, her holidays were often rushed and tiring. C. She feels that family time is uninteresting. 3.What does the underlined word “delightful” mean? A. Usual. B. Terrible. C. Great. 4.Which sentence can best describe Cheng’s opinion about travel now? A. Travel means going to as many well- known places as you can. B. Travel is mostly for the young to enjoy themselves and experience new things. C. Travel is about having a good time with family and learning about how local people live. 主题语境02 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 I like to make friends. Victor is one of my best friends. He is as outgoing as me. We became friends when I was ten years old. We both like sports very much. We play tennis three times a week and play basketball twice a week. I’m a little quiet. My best friend Grace is different from me. She is funnier than me. She likes going to parties and dancing very much. She likes swing dance best. She joined a dancing club a week ago. My best friend is Lisa. She is two years older than me. She is very friendly. I really like her. We became friends three years ago. Lisa is also hard-working. She studies better than me and she always helps me with my Maths. 1.How old was Mike when he and Victor became friends? A. 9. B. 10. C. 11. 2.What subject is Lisa good at? A. Science B. English C. Maths 3.Which is TRUE? A. Mike and Victor play tennis three times a week. B. Grace doesn’t enjoy dancing at all. C. Lisa is not hard-working. 主题语境03 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·湖南长沙师大附中集团-11月·期中） Many parents want their kids to grow into successful and happy adults. An 85-year study from Harvard University, which followed over 700 successful people, shows one surprising reason: chores matter a lot. But it’s not just doing chores. It’s why and how kids do them. When chores are part of working together as a team, like clearing the table or washing dishes together, kids feel respected and connected. This means they feel they are an important part of the family. When parents and children work side by side, even simple tasks become enjoyable. That feeling of being part of a group gives kids a stronger sense of self-worth (自我价值). These children are less selfish and more likely to help others. They’re also learning important skills. For example, children who regularly help clean up after meals or share the chores on weekends often plan their time better and solve problems well—these are useful skills for future jobs and relationships. Also, they can always get along better with classmates and perform more actively at school. The key is that when chores become a shared family mission (使命), they are no longer just tasks. Instead, they become a way to show love and care for the family. So, asking kids to do chores does more than teach responsibility (责任). When families work together on chores, kids feel needed and loved. They also learn important skills for life. Remember, every little chore they do today helps shape (塑造) their tomorrow. 1.How do children feel when doing chores together with parents? A. Tired and bored. B. Excited and respected. C. Respected and connected. 2.What does the underlined word “selfish” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. 自私的 B. 自觉的 C. 无私的 3.What skills can children learn from doing chores? ①making good use of time ②solving problems well ③performing the best at school ④getting on better with classmates A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ 4.What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To advise parents to ask kids to help with more chores. B. To encourage parents and kids to work together on chores. C. To teach kids how to grow into successful and happy adults. 主题语境04 人与自我-节假日活动 （25-26八上·湖南长沙长郡集团-11月·期中）Hello! I’m Lily. I did a survey (调查) about the National Day holiday activities among 200 students in Changsha. Here are the results: National Day Holiday Activities Percentage (百分比) of Students Visit Yuelu Mountain & Orange Isle 40% Enjoy delicious food at Pozi Street 20% Visit Hunan Museum & study history 25% Other activities (stay at home, travel to other cities…) 15% 1.According to the chart, what was the most popular activity for the holiday? A. Enjoying food at Pozi Street. B. Visiting museums and studying history. C. Visiting Yuelu Mountain and Orange Isle. 2.How many students visited Hunan Museum? A. 50. B. 40. C. 30. 3.From the chart, what can we infer (推断) about the students surveyed? A. They all had different activities for the holiday. B. Most of them left Changsha during the holiday. C. Many of them enjoyed outdoor activities or local culture in Changsha. 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·湖南衡阳四校-11月·期中）My name is Lily, and my favourite animal is the panda. Pandas are black and white, and they look very cute. They live in the mountains of China and eat bamboo every day. I like pandas because they are funny. Sometimes they climb trees or roll (滚动) on the ground to play. Did you know that pandas spend about 12 hours a day eating? That’s because bamboo doesn’t have much energy, so they need to eat a lot. Sadly, there are not many pandas left in the world. People are working hard to protect them and their homes. 1.What is Lily’s favourite animal? A. Tigers. B. Elephants. C. Pandas. 2.What do pandas eat? A. Fish. B. Meat. C. Bamboo. 3.Why do pandas eat for 12 hours a day? A. Because they are very lazy. B. Because bamboo only gives them a little energy. C. Because they like playing while eating. 4.What are pandas like? A. Kind and noisy. B. Funny and cute. C. Cute and dangerous. 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南邵阳·期中）Have you heard of (听说) dazi? Have you ever found a dazi? These days, finding a dazi is becoming popular with Chinese young people. A dazi is a person we eat with, study with, exercise with or take a trip with, but we haven’t known him or her before. The dazi culture is about finding the right person to do the right activity with. Xiaoyue, a young woman from Ningxia, has met many dazi because of her love for basketball and biking. Having a dazi not only gives her company (陪伴) but also helps her enjoy sports more. These dazi relationships are very different from close friendships. As for close friends, we need to stay in close contact. With a dazi, you don’t have to do so. Many dazi may not meet again after a trip or a game together. So, many people believe having a dazi makes their social life easier and more comfortable. Finding a dazi shows that Chinese young people want clearer boundaries (界限) in their social relationships. Dazi will not talk or ask a lot about their personal lives. And they hope these relationships can let them share their hobbies and interests, or that they can help them to improve themselves. Although finding a dazi has many good points, we should be careful and put our safety first. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By giving numbers. C. By asking questions. 2.How might Xiaoyue describe having a dazi? A. Enjoyable. B. Difficult. C. Serious. 3.What does the underlined word “so” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Having a social life. B. Staying in close contact. C. Playing games together. 4.Why do Chinese young people like to find a dazi? ①To improve themselves. ②To share their hobbies and interests. ③To save time and money. ④To have boundaries in their social relationships. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南衡阳一中教育集团·期中）Did you hear of dazi? Did you find a dazi? These days, finding a dazi is becoming popular. A dazi is a person we eat with, study with, exercise with or take a trip with, but we don’t know him or her before. The dazi culture is about finding the right person to do the right activity with. Xiaoyue, a young woman from Hengyang, has many dazi because of her love for basketball. Having a dazi not only helps her enjoy sports more but also gives her company (陪伴). These dazi relationships are very different from close friendships. As for close friends, we need to stay in close contact. With a dazi, you don’t have to do so. Many dazi may not meet again after a trip or a game together. So, many people believe having a dazi makes their social life easier and more comfortable. Finding a dazi shows that Chinese young people don’t want to talk or ask a lot about their personal lives. And they hope these relationships can let them share their hobbies and interests. As a new popular culture, finding a dazi has many good points, but we should be careful and put our safety first. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By asking questions. C. By giving an example. 2.How might Xiaoyue describe having a dazi? A. Serious. B. Tired. C. Enjoyable. 3.What does the underlined word “so” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Having a social life. B. Playing games together. C. Staying in close contact. 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Dazi: a new popular culture B. Some stories of dazi C. How we find a dazi 主题语境02 人与社会-体育 （25-26八上·湖南长沙第一中学集团·期中）Xiangchao is also called Hunan Super Football Games. It’s a fun football activity where teams from different cities in Hunan play against each other. Many people like to watch these matches! Xiangchao Matches (2025) No. Teams Time Price Result 1 Changsha vs. Hengyang Sep. 13, 19:35 ¥10 2-1 2 Chenzhou vs. Yongzhou Sep. 21, 15:00 ¥20 3-0 3 Changde vs. Huaihua Oct. 4, 19:35 Free 1-1 4 Huaihua vs. Yiyang Oct. 12, 16:00 ¥15 1-2 1.When is the match between Changde and Huaihua? A. On Sep. 13 at 19:35. B. On Oct. 4 at 19:35. C. On Oct. 12 at 16:00. 2.Which of the following is NOT true? A. The ticket for Changsha vs. Hengyang cost ¥10. B. Yiyang played better than Huaihua. C. Chenzhou played worse than Yongzhou. 主题语境03 人与社会-社会 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南长沙长郡集团-11月·期中）Chinese schools are adding more free days for students. In China, students usually have summer and winter vacations and public holidays. But now, thanks to a government action plan introduced in March, many schools are adding more days off. The idea is that some primary and middle schools can give students spring and autumn breaks if they want to. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School enjoyed a five-day spring break in March. They visited interesting places like a history museum, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, and an aerospace center (航天中心) to learn about science. “When other students are still having classes, we are outside having fun,” one of the students told Xinhua. Yin Xianwen, Party chief (党委书记) of the school, sees it as a great way to learn. “Watching plants grow is a lesson in nature and visiting old places is a history lesson. Similarly, traveling with others helps students learn how to get along with people.” Yin told People’s Daily. “It gives students the chance (机会) to get the most precious growth experiences during the most beautiful season.” “Also, students can enjoy their spring break with families. It can help families to become closer together and make students feel less tired in studying,” said Xinhua. However, there are some challenges (挑战). Not all parents can take time off when their kids do, so some children may end up staying home and playing on their phones. Schools also need to find a way to fit all their lessons into the new plan. To make these breaks work well, the government, schools, parents and communities need to work together, noted People’s Daily. 1.According to the passage, what did the students from Yuyan Middle School do during their five-day spring break? A. They had more classes at school. B. They stayed at home to relax themselves. C. They visited cool places about science and history. 2.The underlined word “precious” most likely means “________”. A. short B. common C. treasured 3.What may be a challenge of the new breaks? A. Schools might not have enough money for activities. B. Some parents are too busy to stay with their children. C. Students like staying home and playing on their phones. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The Importance of Family Time for Students B. A Report on Student Activities in Guangzhou C. Chinese Schools Try New Breaks for Better Learning Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南怀化·期中）In China, students usually have summer and winter vacations and public (公共的) holidays. But now, thanks to a government (政府) action plan started in March, many schools are adding more vacations for students. The idea is that some primary and middle schools could add spring and autumn vacations for students according to their own needs. In Guangzhou, 310 students from Yuyan Middle School enjoyed a five-day spring vacation in March. They looked into history and science at places like the Museum of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (港珠澳大桥), and Zhuhai Aerospace Land. “While others are studying in classrooms, we’re out enjoying ourselves,” one of the students said happily. Yin Xianwen, head teacher of the school, sees it as a great way to learn. “Watching plants grow is a lesson in nature, visiting historical places is a history lesson, and travelling together is a lesson in social (社交的) skills,” Yin told the reporter from the People’s Daily. “It gives students a chance to get the most priceless growth experiences during the most beautiful season. Also, students can enjoy their spring vacations with families. It can help bring families closer together.” However, there are some challenges (挑战) in carrying out the new vacations. Not all parents can have the same free time when their children do, so some children may end up staying at home and playing on their mobile phones. Schools also need to find a way to help students make the new plan. 1.How many new vacations could students get according to a government action plan? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 2.What didn’t the students from Yuyan Middle School do during their spring vacation? A. They explored historical and scientific places. B. They still went back to study at school. C. They went to Zhuhai Aerospace Land. 3.According to the head teacher Yin Xianwen, why should we have the new vacations? a. Because they are good for children’s growth. b. Because they can help bring families closer together. c. Because they can make children get good grades. d. Because they can improve children’s social skills. A. abc B. abd C. bcd 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Traditional Holidays in Chinese Schools B. The New Vacations in Chinese Schools C. The Perfect Spring Vacations in Chinese Schools 主题语境04 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·湖南湘潭湘钢一中教育集团市十二中·期中）In Chongqing, China, a new robot named Peipei is helping take care of old people. Peipei is a good helper for old people. She works at a centre for old people. She is kind, friendly and useful. Peipei is very smart. She can tell if someone is sad or not sleeping well. Grandma Wang, an old woman at the centre likes talking to Peipei. They often play games and take photos together. Peipei can even make the photos look nice! When Grandma Wang misses her granddaughter, Peipei tells her that she will give her a call soon. Peipei’s name sounds like the word “陪”. It means “to keep you company (陪伴)”. With the help of AI technology (人工智能技术), Peipei can understand feelings and give old people better care. There are many old people in Chongqing. That’s why the city is using robots like Peipei to help. In the future, robots like Peipei may be in more places to care for old people. 1.Which of the following words can best describe Peipei? A. Kind and useful. B. Kind and quiet. C. Quiet and useful. 2.What does Grandma Wang often do with Peipei? A. Sing and dance. B. Play games and take photos. C. Read books and watch TV. 3.Why is the robot named “Peipei”? A. Because it sounds like the word for “陪”. B. Because it is a friendly name for a grandmother. C. Because it can play games with people. 4.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Grandma Wang and Her Robot Friend. B. Robots are Our Friends. C. A Robot Helper for Old People. 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南湘潭益智中学~·期中） Giant pandas are one of the most lovely animals in the world, and they are China’s national treasure. Many people call them “living fossils (化石)” because they have lived on Earth for a very long time. Pandas have special black and white fur. Their eyes, ears, shoulders and legs are black, and the rest of their body is white. This special color makes them easy to know. They mainly live in the bamboo forests of southwest China, such as Sichuan Province. Bamboo is their favorite food—99% of what they eat is bamboo. Sometimes, they also eat small fruits or vegetables. Pandas are a little fat but very quick. They can climb trees well and even swim. What do they like to do every day? They spend half of the day eating and most of the other time sleeping. Between meals, they usually sleep for 2 to 4 hours. Now, pandas are a rare kind of animal. There are only about 2,000 pandas left in the world. To protect them, China has built many nature reserves (保护区). Thanks to these efforts (努力), the number of pandas is slowly going up. 1.Giant pandas are called “living fossils” because ________. A. they look like fossils. B. they like to eat bamboo. C. they have lived on Earth for a long time. 2.Where do most pandas live in China? A. Sichuan Province B. Beijing C. Shanghai 3.How long do pandas usually sleep between meals? A. For 1-2 hours. B. For 2-4 hours. C. For 5-6 hours. 4.What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to Protect Pandas B. Giant Pandas: China’s Treasure C. Pandas’ Favorite Food Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南长沙雅礼教育集团·期中）Do you know how many kinds of plants and animals are there in the world? Scientists think there are more than 8 million, but now we only know about 1.8 million. That means there are still millions of living things we don’t know. Scientists are always looking for these unknown (未知的) kinds. In 2019, a group of researchers (研究人员) led by a university professor named Austin found a new animal. They were in Papua, an island region, studying many kinds of life. One night, the researchers were listening to frog sounds. Suddenly, they heard some really strange sounds. At first, they didn’t know where the unique sounds came from. After a while, they found the sounds were from the ground. They started to look carefully among the leaves. They thought they would find an insect. But what they found surprised them. It was a very small frog-only 7 mm long! Austin said, “This frog’s sound doesn’t sound like a frog. It sounds like an insect.” The frog they found was the smallest frog in the world. Researchers think frogs and insects are very important. They help keep our earth clean and we can also use them to make new medicine (药). Researchers around the world work hard to find new plants and animals every day. But their work is getting more and more difficult. This is because the forests where these animals live are getting smaller. The discovery (发现) of this small frog tells us that our earth has many amazing secrets(秘密)waiting to be found. Protecting nature means protecting these chances. 1.How many kinds of plants and animals do we know now? A. About 1.8 million. B. About 8 million. C. About 18 million. 2.What does the underlined word “unique” mean in Paragraph 2? A. 普通的 B. 独特的 C. 安静的 3.What did the researchers expect to find when they started looking among the leaves? A. A small frog. B. An insect. C. A new kind of plant. 4.What is the best title for this passage? A. The Work of Professor Austin. B. Difficulties in Finding New Animals. C. The Discovery of a Small Frog and Nature Protection. Passage 3 （25-26八上·湖南湘潭湘钢一中教育集团市十二中·期中）The baobab (猴面包树) tree is a strange-looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “the bottle tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers can turn into fruit. The baobab is called “the tree of life”, because it can live for more than 1,000 years. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1,000 gallons (加仑) of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk (树干) becomes hollow. So many people can get into the trunk. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree that some people can hardly live without it. 1.Which of the following pictures is the baobab? A. B. C. 2.How tall can baobab trees grow? A. As high as 16 meters B. As tall as a 16-floor building C. Not as tall as a 16-floor building 3.What does the underlined word “hollow” mean in Paragraph 3? A. 脏的 B. 干的 C. 空的 4.Which of the following is NOT true? A. Flowers come out in dry seasons. B. The leaves of the baobab are good medicine. C. The baobab tree can live for more than 1,000 years. Passage 4 （25-26八上·湖南常德常德芷兰实验学校·期中）If you asked scientists whether monkeys and chimpanzees (黑猩猩) had a sense of right and wrong before they had a deep study on them, they would tell you that it seemed not possible. It was believed that only humans could imagine the future. Some people said that most monkeys were cleverer than most dogs. What’s more, if dogs seemed unhappy when they did something bad, some people believed that dogs learnt such an action to make their owners happy. It doesn’t mean that dogs understand why their owners are angry. It doesn’t mean that animals can think about the future. Now, however, it appears that chimpanzees and monkeys may be able to think about the future. Santino is a chimpanzee and he lives at a zoo in Sweden. He is famous for his bad mood. Santino doesn’t like being looked at by visitors and he often throws stones at them. Before visitors walk into the zoo, he must have decided if he is prepared for visiting days. He begins collecting stones so that he is fully ready to throw them when people come to see him. The interesting thing is that Santino would only collect stones when he thinks visitors might come. In winter when the zoo is closed, he doesn’t collect them. Santino’s action is a clear example of an animal planning for the future. It’s also an example to show “scientific” beliefs come from facts rather than opinions. It seems likely that within ten years, we shall have a completely different view of animal intelligence (智慧). 1.What did scientists think of animals before? A. They could think about what will happen next. B. They didn’t know what was right or wrong. C. They could feel happy or sad when people do. 2.Why does Santino collect many stones? A. Because he wants to make a wall with stones. B. Because his keeper asks him to do that. C. Because he wants to throw them at people who come to see him. 3.Which paragraph gives an example to show animals can also plan for the future? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. 4.What does the writer want to tell us? A. Dogs are able to know how their owners feel. B. Only animals that look like humans can imagine later events. C. We should find out what is true by looking at real things, not just personal ideas. 主题语境01 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 （25-26八上·湖南益阳·期中）①Do you know “E-person” and “I-person”? Even twins may be different from each other in personalities, hobbies and friends. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins. ②Andy, an E-person I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head for the sea on Saturdays to surf (冲浪), and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding bikes. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him on the weekend because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. ③Anna, an I-person I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on the sofa with a great book in my hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tim. Sue is so funny that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me. We often share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful. ④From Andy and Anna, Introverted and outgoing people can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship! 1.What does Andy do on Sundays with Tom? A. They go surfing. B. They ride bikes. C. They play video games. 2.Which of the following words can best describe Anna? A. Funny. B. Lazy. C. Quiet. 3.The underlined word “introverted” in the last paragraph means “________”. A. 幽默的 B. 内向的 C. 冷漠的 4.What might be the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. 主题语境02 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·湖南岳阳·期中）Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the baobab tree, also called the monkey bread tree, the bottle tree or others. The baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers can turn into fruit. The baobab is called “the tree of life”, because it can live longer than 1,000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab tree can pull in and hold 1,000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. The baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow (空的). An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree. Some people could hardly live without it. 1.Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A. B. C. 2.Which of the following is NOT true? A. The baobab has many names. B. Flowers come out in rainy seasons. C. The oldest baobab is less than 1, 000 years old. 3.Why an old tree can hold many people ? A. Because it can live longer than 1,000 years old. B. Because its trunk becomes hollow. C. Because people build houses inside it. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A. To introduce the history of the baobab tree. B. To tell people how to plant the baobab tree. C. To describe the appearance and uses of the baobab tree. Passage 2 （25-26八上·湖南长沙长郡集团-11月·期中）The Amazing Discovery of Plant Communication A recent study from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中科院) has found a wonderful secret of the natural world: trees in a forest can actually “talk” to each other and work together to help each other stay healthy and grow. This discovery is changing our understanding of forests, showing they are far more than just many trees growing in one place. The study explains that trees are connected by a special web under the ground. This web is made of their roots and a kind of fungi (真菌), which acts like a natural internet, often called the “Wood Wide Web”. When a tree is attacked (侵害) by insects or is short of water, it doesn’t stay in silence. Instead, it sends out special messages to tell other trees about the danger through this web. Nearby trees that receive these messages will quickly start making special things to protect themselves. What’s more, the help doesn’t stop there. In the forest, there are larger, older trees, called “mother trees”, which play an important role. They are often the most connected centre in the web and will even share valuable nutrients (营养素) and water with younger trees through their roots and the fungi, giving them a better chance to grow better. This exciting discovery teaches us a very important lesson about nature. It helps us understand why it’s important to protect whole forest ecosystems, not just focusing on single trees. When we cut down too many trees, we break their communication and support (支持) webs. Then, they cannot help each other when there is a big storm, a tree sickness, or other problems like climate change. Life becomes much harder for them. The research team leader, Dr. Wang, shared his thoughts on the bigger lesson: “This teaches us a beautiful lesson about working together and community. Just like trees that support each other unconditionally (无条件地), we humans should also work together to protect our environment. Every tree matters in a forest, just as every person matters in our society.” This finding reminds us that we are part of an interconnected world, and our future depends on learning from the wisdom of nature. 1.How do trees mainly “talk” to each other according to the study? A. By sending messages through the air. B. By changing the color of their leaves. C. Through their roots and a special web under the ground. 2.What do “mother trees” do to help younger trees? A. Give them more sunlight. B. Share nutrients through their roots. C. Protect them from strong winds. 3.What does Dr. Wang mainly want to tell us? A. Cutting down trees is important for making cities bigger. B. Humans should learn from trees and work together. C. Older people are always wiser than young people. 4.Which of the following best describes the purpose (目的) of the passage? A. To explain how fungi help trees grow. B. To describe the dangers forests are facing. C. To tell us about a scientific discovery and its lesson on working together. Passage 3 （25-26八上·湖南长沙第一中学集团·期中） A family of golden lion tamarins (金狮面狨) is moving in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest (巴西大西洋森林). The father has two babies on his back, and his partner is next to him. These tamarins can only live in forests— they can’t live anywhere else. Long ago, the Atlantic Forest was twice as big as Thailand. But in the 1500s, Europeans (欧洲人) began to cut down trees to make ships and homes. Later, farmers cut down more trees for sugarcane (甘蔗), coffee and cows. Now the forest is less than 10% of its original (最初的) size. Tamarins spend most of their time in the top of trees, so when the forest got smaller, their homes and living areas got smaller too. By the 1970s, only about 200 tamarins were left. Since 1972, people who protect nature have worked to save the tamarins. Some zoos had tamarins in cages. They bred more tamarins to make their number bigger—many baby tamarins were born in the zoos at that time. Then they trained the tamarins to live in the wild. For example, zookeepers let them live in trees and learn to find food. In 1983, the first group went back to Brazil’s forests. Local groups also helped: they bought land, planted trees and gave people jobs. Now nearly 2,500 tamarins live in the forest. 1.Why did Europeans cut down trees in the Atlantic Forest? A. To protect golden lion tamarins. B. To build ships and homes. C. To grow sugarcane and tea. 2.What does the underlined word “bred” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. 繁育 B. 售卖 C. 放生 3.How many tamarins live in the forest now? A. About 200. B. Nearly 2,500. C. Less than 10% of its original number. 4.This passage is most likely from ________. A. a travel guide about Brazil B. a history book about Europe C. a magazine about saving animals / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $