Unit 1 The Changing World（单元知识清单）-【知识大闯关】2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“Unit 1 The Changing World”全单元内容，涵盖48个必背词汇、9个高频短语、现在完成时语法及变化类写作等核心范畴，构建了从“词汇热身”到“语法突破”再到“综合应用”的闯关式学习支架。 清单通过分类、分级、关联构建知识体系，如分类词汇站按词性标注音标及考点，语法闯关针对现在完成时易错点设计训练，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特色设计包括“短语快车道”的例句翻译练习、“写作金句”的仿写模板，以及“战绩自评表”助力学生自主检测，教师可利用清单精准定位教学重难点，提升复习效率。

Unit 1 The Changing World · 单元知识清单 班级 ______　姓名 ______　得分 ______ Unit 1 The Changing World 单元知识清单（全单元总复习）· 闯关学习单 共 8 关｜满分 100★｜建议用时 60 分钟　（答案已用红色标出：先自己做，再看红色答案） 【通关地图】 关卡 闯关内容 满分 我的星星 第 1 关 热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 2 关 分类词汇站 · 48 个必背词 12★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 3 关 短语快车道 · 9 个高频短语 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 4 关 交际套句 · 写作金句 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 5 关 语法闯关 · 现在完成时 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 6 关 考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 7 关 终极挑战赛（单选 / 阅读 / 拼写 / 完成句子） 23★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 8 关 写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 合计 加油，你离「王者」只差 1 颗星 100★ 第 1 关　热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜　（10★） 先别翻下面的清单！凭记忆试一试，答对 1 题得 2★，看看你能拿几颗星。 ★ 冲关开始（5 小题 × 2★） 1.【中文快译】志愿者（名词）→ volunteer 2.【谜语猜词】All the people living in a place. 谜底（名词）：population 3.【选词填空】Our town has changed ________ in the past ten years.　(rapid / rapidly) 4.【首字母填空】China has developed very fast since 1978. 5.【中译英】措施，办法（名词）→ measure 第 2 关　分类词汇站 · 48 个必背词　（12★） 按词性分类记单词，记得更快。背诵版看红色英文，默写版只看中文和音标自己写。 一、名词（n.） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 1 家乡，故乡 hometown /ˈhəʊmtaʊn/ 例句：I love my beautiful hometown. 2 志愿者 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ 搭配：work as a volunteer 做志愿者 3 条件，状况 condition /kənˈdɪʃn/ 搭配：living conditions 生活条件 4 亲戚，亲属 relative /ˈrelətɪv/ 例句：I keep in touch with my relatives online. 5 交流，沟通 communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ 动词形式：communicate 交流 6 发展 development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ 动词形式：develop 发展 7 人口 population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ 考点：用 large/small 修饰，不用 many 8 政策 policy /ˈpɒləsi/ 搭配：one-child policy 独生子女政策 9 能源，能量（不可数） energy /ˈenədʒi/ 不可数；搭配：be short of energy 10 资源 resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ 搭配：natural resources 自然资源 11 措施，办法 measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ 搭配：take measures to do sth. 12 夫妻；一对 couple /ˈkʌpl/ 搭配：a young couple 一对年轻夫妻 13 空间（不可数） space /speɪs/ 搭配：living space 居住空间 14 百分之…… percent /pəˈsent/ 用法：数字后不加 s 15 街区 block /blɒk/ 搭配：a block away 一个街区之外 16 歌剧 opera /ˈɒprə/ 搭配：Beijing Opera 京剧 17 困境，需求 need /niːd/ 搭配：in need 在困境中 18 工程，项目 project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ 搭配：Hope Project 希望工程 19 进步（不可数） progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ 不可数；搭配：make great progress 20 援助，救助 aid /eɪd/ 搭配：medical aid 医疗援助 21 意义，含义 meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ 形容词：meaningful 有意义的 二、动词（v.） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 22 发展；培养 develop /dɪˈveləp/ 变形：development n.；developing / developed 23 改善，提高 improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ 变形：improvement n. 改善 24 买得起；承担得起 afford /əˈfɔːd/ 搭配：afford sth. / afford to do sth.（常配 can/could） 25 供养；支持 support /səˈpɔːt/ 搭配：support one’s family 养家 26 交流，沟通 communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ 搭配：communicate with sb. 27 使满足，使满意 satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ 搭配：satisfy one’s needs 28 成功 succeed /səkˈsiːd/ 搭配：succeed in doing sth.；变形：success n. 29 增长，增加 increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ 搭配：increase by（涨幅）；increase to（最终数字） 30 培训，训练 train /treɪn/ 搭配：train sb. to do sth. 31 提供 provide /prəˈvaɪd/ 搭配：provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 三、形容词（adj.） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 32 迅速的 rapid /ˈræpɪd/ 副词：rapidly 快速地 33 最近的 recent /ˈriːsnt/ 副词：recently（现在完成时标志） 34 发展中的 developing /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/ 搭配：developing countries 发展中国家 35 发达的 developed /dɪˈveləpt/ 搭配：developed countries 发达国家 36 短缺的；短的 short /ʃɔːt/ 搭配：be short of 缺少…… 37 当地的，本地的 local /ˈləʊkl/ 搭配：local people 当地人 38 无家可归的 homeless /ˈhəʊmləs/ 构词：home + less（无……的） 39 有意义的 meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ 构词：meaning + ful 40 合适的 suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ 搭配：be suitable for 适合…… 41 基础的 basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ 搭配：basic education 基础教育 42 医疗的 medical /ˈmedɪkl/ 搭配：medical care 医疗保障 43 感到满意的 satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ 搭配：be satisfied with 对……满意 四、副词（adv.） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 44 快速地 rapidly /ˈræpɪdli/ 形容词：rapid 迅速的 45 最近 recently /ˈriːsntli/ 常用于现在完成时 46 如今，现在 nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/ = at the present time 五、数词（num.） 序号 中文提示 英文 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 47 十亿 billion /ˈbɪljən/ 用法：数字 + billion 无 s；billions of 数十亿 48 千 thousand /ˈθaʊznd/ 用法：数字 + thousand 无 s；thousands of 成千上万 第 3 关　短语快车道 · 9 个高频短语　（10★） 先记短语，再读例句。默写版请先写出短语，再把例句中文译成英语。 序号 短语 含义 例句 1 take place 发生（无被动语态） Many changes have taken place in this city since 2015.（自 2015 年以来这座城市发生了许多变化。） 2 carry out 执行，实施 The government carried out a new plan last year.（政府去年实施了一项新计划。） 3 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 She keeps in touch with her old classmates by email.（她通过电子邮件和老同学保持联系。） 4 be short of 短缺…… Some mountain villages are short of doctors.（一些山村缺少医生。） 5 take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 The city takes measures to protect the old buildings.（这座城市采取措施保护老建筑。） 6 in need 在困境中 The volunteers often help families in need.（志愿者们经常帮助有困难的家庭。） 7 make progress 取得进步 My cousin has made progress in his English.（我表弟的英语取得了进步。） 8 get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 The new students get used to eating in the school canteen.（新生们习惯了在食堂吃饭。） 9 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 My parents used to ride bikes to work.（我父母过去常骑自行车上班。） 第 4 关　交际套句 · 写作金句　（10★） 这些句子写作时直接套用。背下模板，再换上自己的主语和谓语，句子就是你的了。 一、今昔对比描写句（写变化类作文必用） 套句模板（课文原型） 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） In the past, many families were big and poor. Parents couldn’t afford an education for their children. 过去很多家庭又大又穷，父母负担不起孩子的教育。 In the past, many villages were small and poor. Farmers couldn’t afford a tractor for their fields. Most children had to work to help support their families. 大多数孩子必须打工养家糊口。 Most young people had to leave to help support their parents. Big families shared small old houses. The roads were narrow and dirty. 大家庭挤在狭小破旧的房子里，道路狭窄脏乱。 Large families shared tiny rooms. The lanes were muddy and narrow. Now great changes have taken place in China. People’s living conditions are much better. 如今中国发生巨变，人们的生活条件好了很多。 Now great changes have taken place in our town. Villagers’ living conditions are much better. We can also keep in touch with relatives and friends by telephone or the Internet. 我们可以通过电话、网络和亲友保持联系。 We can also keep in touch with teachers and classmates by email or video calls. There are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs. 各式各样的衣食，满足人们的需求。 There are more kinds of books and courses to satisfy students’ needs. 二、口语短句 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） I haven’t seen you for a long time. 好久不见。 She hasn’t written to me for a long time. By the way, where’s Maria? 顺便问一下，玛丽亚去哪了？ By the way, where’s your brother? 三、阅读拔高金句 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） It has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. 中国已经成功举办了 2008 年奥运会。（succeed in doing 考点） Our city has already succeeded in building a new library. More and more ring roads have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. 越来越多环城公路建成，人们生活条件大幅改善。 More and more parks have appeared. Students’ study conditions have improved a lot. 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 现在完成时　（15★） 本单元第一语法！三种基本句式 + 三大易错点，一关搞懂。 一、基本构成 句式 结构 例句 1. 肯定句 主语 + have / has + 动词过去分词 We have finished the survey.（我们完成了这项调查。） 　　第三人称单数 he / she / it / 单数名词 → has He has been to Xi’an.（他去过西安。） 2. 否定句 主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词（haven’t / hasn’t） The twins haven’t visited the museum.（这对双胞胎没参观过博物馆。） 3. 一般疑问句 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词？回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. —Has she ever tried Chinese food?　—Yes, she has. 二、三大易错点 + 对点训练 ★ 易错点 01 易错点 01　短暂性动词与 for / since 连用 原理：buy、leave、die、borrow、join 都是一瞬间完成的动作，不能持续一段时间；遇到 for / since / how long 必须换成延续性状态短语。 1. The small shop didn’t open ________ last spring. 　　A. since　B. for　C. until　D. by　C ★ 易错点 02 易错点 02　have been to / have gone to / have been in 混淆 have been to + 地点：去过某地，人已经回来，可搭配 twice、three times； ✗ —Where is Maria? —She has been to Cuba.　✅ Maria has been to Cuba twice. have gone to + 地点：去了某地，人不在现场；✅ —Where is Maria? —She has gone to Cuba. have been in + 地点 + 时间段：在某地居住、停留多久；✅ He has been in the city for 10 years. 1. —My sister has been to Sanya twice.　—________. I went there last winter. 　　A. So have I　B. So I have　C. Neither have I　D. I have so　A 2. —Have you ever ________ to the city library?　—Yes, I ________ there with my parents last Sunday. 　　A. been; went　B. gone; have gone　C. been; have been　D. gone; went　A 3. —Tom, where is your brother?　—He ________ Beijing to take part in a robot competition. He will be back next week. 　　A. has gone to　B. has been to　C. has been in　D. went to　A ★ 易错点 03 易错点 03　used to 三组句型极易混淆（to 词性是关键） 1. used to do sth. 过去常常（to 是不定式，加动词原形）；否定、疑问句助动词 did 后 used 变回 use（去掉 d）。 　✗ I didn’t used to walk to school.　✅ I didn’t use to walk to school. 2. be / get used to doing sth. 习惯于（to 是介词，后面动词必须加 -ing） 　✗ I am used to get up early.　✅ I am used to getting up early. 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做（被动语态，to 加动词原形） 　✗ Wood is used to making paper.　✅ Wood is used to make paper. 1. Many young teachers ________ work in the countryside, but now more of them ________ to the city to live and work. 　　A. used to; have come　B. were used to; came　C. used to; came　D. were used to; have come　A 2. We ________ reading e-books on the phone now, although we ________ read paper books years ago. 　　A. used to; used to　B. are used to; used to　C. used to; are used to　D. are used to; are used to　B 3. He ________ in a small town with his parents, but now he ________ the busy life in Beijing. 　　A. used to live; is used to living　B. is used to living; used to live　C. used to living; is used to live　D. is used to live; used to living　A 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化　（10★） 五个高频词的“变形 + 搭配”，中考词形变换题全靠它们。 考点词 变形 / 搭配 中考例句（已改写） 1. develop v. 发展；培养 development n. 发展；developing adj. 发展中的；developed adj. 发达的 Our town has developed quickly in recent years. 2. rapidly adv. 快速地 形容词：rapid 迅速的 The small town is growing rapidly. 3. afford v. 负担得起，买得起 搭配：afford sth. / afford to do sth.（常配 can/could） Years ago, few families could afford a car. 4. satisfy v. 使满足 搭配：satisfy one’s needs 满足某人需求 The new market can satisfy the villagers’ daily needs. 5. succeed v. 成功 搭配：succeed in doing sth.；success n.；successful adj. The team succeeded in winning the first prize. ★ 考点即学即练 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。（5 小题 × 2★） 1. The city has seen fast _______ (develop) in the past ten years.　development 2. Our country is changing _______ (rapid) than before.　more rapidly 3. Few students could _______ (afford) such an expensive bike ten years ago.　afford 4. The new library can _______ (satisfy) the readers’ needs.　satisfy 5. Our class _______ (succeed) in winning the singing contest last week.　succeeded 第 7 关　终极挑战赛　（23★） 中考题型全覆盖：单选、阅读、单词拼写、完成句子，一级一级来！ Ⅰ. 单项选择（10 小题 × 1★）　★ 1. —Many students walk to school instead of taking cars.　—That’s a good way to protect the ______.　C 　　A. custom　B. condition　C. environment　D. temperature 2. Today most students take the bus to school, but they ______ walk to school years ago.　B 　　A. are used to　B. used to　C. were used to　D. use to 3. —______ has your village changed since 2018?　—It has become much cleaner.　B 　　A. What　B. How　C. Why　D. When 4. Millions of tourists ______ this small island since the new airport was built.　B 　　A. visited　B. have visited　C. will visit　D. are visiting 5. The ______ has built several new schools for the mountain village.　B 　　A. volunteer　B. government　C. farmer 6. Bamboo is widely used to make many household ______ like baskets, mats and chopsticks.　C 　　A. services　B. materials　C. products　D. inventions 7. —Where is your sister?　—She ______ to the post office. She ______ back in half an hour.　A 　　A. has gone; will come　B. has been; came　C. went; comes　D. goes; has come 8. Our school ______ a lot since the new headmaster came.　C 　　A. changed　B. changes　C. has changed　D. will change 9. Which sentence is in the present perfect tense?　B 　　A. She visited the museum last week.　B. He has finished his homework.　C. They play football every Sunday.　D. We will travel to Beijing. 10. So many changes have ______ in our school over the past five years.　A 　　A. taken place　B. took place　C. happen　D. happened Ⅱ. 阅读理解（4 小题 × 1★）　★★　阅读短文，选择最佳答案 China’s high-speed railway network has grown faster than any other in the world. Twenty years ago, few ordinary families could afford to travel far from home, and a trip from Beijing to Shanghai took more than ten hours by train. Today the same journey takes only about four and a half hours. By 2024, the network had reached over 45,000 kilometres, long enough to go around the earth once. More than two thousand stations have been built, and millions of people take the trains every day. Great changes have taken place in the small towns along the lines. New hotels and shops have appeared, and local farmers can send their fruit to big cities in a few hours. The railway has not only shortened the journey but also made life better for everyone. 11. How long did the trip from Beijing to Shanghai take twenty years ago?　B 　　A. About four and a half hours.　B. More than ten hours.　C. About twenty hours.　D. Less than two hours. 12. What do we know about the network by 2024?　A 　　A. It reached over 45,000 kilometres.　B. It had fewer than 2,000 stations.　C. It was the shortest in the world.　D. It was built in one year. 13. How does the writer show the growth of the network?　B 　　A. By telling stories.　B. By listing numbers.　C. By asking questions.　D. By giving examples. 14. Why does the writer write this text?　B 　　A. To ask people to travel by plane.　B. To show how the railway has changed people’s lives.　C. To introduce a new station.　D. To complain about the slow trains. Ⅲ. 单词拼写（5 小题 × 1★）　★★　根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词 15. ________ the teacher’s opinion, hard work makes a big difference.　In 16. Where is your brother? He has g________ to the station to sell digital p________.　gone; products 17. The coach told us that we should pay attention to every ________ (方面) of training.　aspect 18. Shenzhen has developed many h________ (高科技的) industries like new energy cars.　high-tech 19. Online shopping has ________ (great) changed the way people buy things.　greatly Ⅳ. 完成句子（4 小题 × 1★）　★★★ 20. In 2020, the new 600-kilometre high-speed railway was opened.（对划线部分提问） 　　________ ________ the new high-speed railway opened? 【参考答案】When was 21. Anna, long time no see.（改为同义句） 　　Anna, we haven’t ________ each other ________ a long time. 【参考答案】seen; for 22. Did the villagers walk on narrow tracks long ago?（用 used to 改写句子，每空一词） 　　________ the villagers ________ ________ ________ on narrow tracks long ago? 【参考答案】Did; use to walk 23. 便捷的高铁能让小镇的居民受益巨大。 　　The people in the small town can ________ greatly ________ the convenient high-speed railway. 【参考答案】benefit; from 第 8 关　写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评　（10★） 一、话题分析 1. 核心话题：变化类作文（社会变化、家乡变化、个人生活变化） 2. 题目高频考法：Changes in My Hometown（最高频）／Changes in My Life／The World Is Changing for the Better／Great Changes in China 3. 固定写作逻辑：过去穷 / 差 → 现在好 / 美 → 感慨 + 展望 4. 必须使用的核心时态（得分关键）：过去用 used to do / 一般过去时；现在变化用现在完成时（本单元必考语法） 二、写作框架（三段式） 段落 功能 万能句 / 写作公式 第一段 开篇点题（总起、一句话入题） Great changes have taken place in my hometown / our life over the past few years. 第二段 主体对比段（全文最高分段落）：生活条件 + 交通环境 + 交流教育 In the past（过去差，统一用 used to）+ But now（现在好，统一用现在完成时） 第三段 结尾升华（感慨 + 展望未来） With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better.／I’m proud of these great changes. I believe our hometown will become more beautiful in the future. 三、范文背诵（Changes in My Hometown） Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past few years. In the past, my hometown was a quiet and poor village. The roads were narrow and muddy. People used to live in small old houses, and they could hardly afford new clothes. Many children had no chance to go to school. But now everything has changed for the better. Wide roads have been built, and tall buildings have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. Children can study in bright classrooms, and we can keep in touch with our friends easily on the Internet. With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better. I am proud of my hometown, and I believe it will become even more beautiful in the future. 四、我的战绩自评 环节 满分 我得的星 我的易错点 / 想再练一遍的地方 第 1 关　热身闯关 10★ 第 2 关　分类词汇站 12★ 第 3 关　短语快车道 10★ 第 4 关　交际套句 · 写作金句 10★ 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 现在完成时 15★ 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ 第 7 关　终极挑战赛 23★ 第 8 关　写作工坊 10★ 合计 100★ ★ 段位榜 90★ 及以上 · 王者　｜　80★ 黄金　｜　70★ 白银　｜　60★ 青铜　｜　60★ 以下：再来一次，把错题讲给同学听！ 【错题收纳盒】把今天做错的题号写下来，明天重做一遍。 1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 家长 / 老师签字：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 第 页 / 共 页　·　闯关学习单 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 1 The Changing World · 单元知识清单 班级 ______　姓名 ______　得分 ______ Unit 1 The Changing World 单元知识清单（全单元总复习）· 闯关学习单 共 8 关｜满分 100★｜建议用时 60 分钟　（答案已抽出：做完后到末页「答案自查区」核对） 【通关地图】 关卡 闯关内容 满分 我的星星 第 1 关 热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 2 关 分类词汇站 · 48 个必背词 12★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 3 关 短语快车道 · 9 个高频短语 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 4 关 交际套句 · 写作金句 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 5 关 语法闯关 · 现在完成时 15★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 6 关 考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 7 关 终极挑战赛（单选 / 阅读 / 拼写 / 完成句子） 23★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 第 8 关 写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评 10★ ☆☆☆☆☆ 合计 加油，你离「王者」只差 1 颗星 100★ 第 1 关　热身闯关 · 词汇猜猜猜　（10★） 先别翻下面的清单！凭记忆试一试，答对 1 题得 2★，看看你能拿几颗星。 ★ 冲关开始（5 小题 × 2★） 1.【中文快译】志愿者（名词）→ ________________ 2.【谜语猜词】All the people living in a place. 谜底（名词）：________________ 3.【选词填空】Our town has changed ________ in the past ten years.（首字母提示：r） 4.【首字母填空】China has d_________ very fast since 1978. 5.【中译英】措施，办法（名词）→ ________________ 第 2 关　分类词汇站 · 48 个必背词　（12★） 按词性分类记单词，记得更快。背诵版看红色英文，默写版只看中文和音标自己写。 一、名词（n.） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 1 家乡，故乡 ________________ /ˈhəʊmtaʊn/ 出生或长大的那个地方 2 志愿者 ________________ /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ 无偿提供帮助的人 3 条件，状况 ________________ /kənˈdɪʃn/ 搭配：living ＋ 它，指生活条件 4 亲戚，亲属 ________________ /ˈrelətɪv/ 指家庭中的亲属 5 交流，沟通 ________________ /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ 动词以 -ate 结尾，此处是名词 6 发展 ________________ /dɪˈveləpmənt/ 动词加 -ment 变名词 7 人口 ________________ /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ 考点：用 large/small 修饰，不用 many 8 政策 ________________ /ˈpɒləsi/ 国家制定的正式规定 9 能源，能量（不可数） ________________ /ˈenədʒi/ 不可数名词；指电力、燃料等 10 资源 ________________ /rɪˈsɔːs/ 常以复数出现；natural ＋ 它 11 措施，办法 ________________ /ˈmeʒə(r)/ 搭配：take … to do sth.（解决问题的办法） 12 夫妻；一对 ________________ /ˈkʌpl/ 特指夫妻二人 13 空间（不可数） ________________ /speɪs/ 不可数名词；指居住的地方 14 百分之…… ________________ /pəˈsent/ 用法：数字后不加 s 15 街区 ________________ /blɒk/ 城市中被街道围起来的一片区域 16 歌剧 ________________ /ˈɒprə/ 一种带唱的舞台艺术；Beijing 加它指京剧 17 困境，需求 ________________ /niːd/ 名词；in ＋ 它表示处于困境 18 工程，项目 ________________ /ˈprɒdʒekt/ 搭配：Hope ＋ 它指希望工程 19 进步（不可数） ________________ /ˈprəʊɡres/ 不可数名词；搭配 make great ＋ 它 20 援助，救助 ________________ /eɪd/ 搭配：medical ＋ 它指医疗援助 21 意义，含义 ________________ /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ 形容词以 -ful 结尾 二、动词（v.） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 22 发展；培养 ________________ /dɪˈveləp/ 名词加 -ment；分词作形容词 23 改善，提高 ________________ /ɪmˈpruːv/ 名词去 e 加 -ment 24 买得起；承担得起 ________________ /əˈfɔːd/ 常与 can/could 连用，后接 sth. 或 to do 25 供养；支持 ________________ /səˈpɔːt/ 搭配：后接 one’s family 表示养家 26 交流，沟通 ________________ /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ 搭配：后接 with sb. 27 使满足，使满意 ________________ /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ 搭配：后接 one’s needs 28 成功 ________________ /səkˈsiːd/ 搭配：后接 in doing sth. 29 增长，增加 ________________ /ɪnˈkriːs/ 搭配：by 后接涨幅，to 后接最终数字 30 培训，训练 ________________ /treɪn/ 也可作名词，指火车 31 提供 ________________ /prəˈvaɪd/ 搭配：sb. with sth. 或 sth. for sb. 三、形容词（adj.） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 32 迅速的 ________________ /ˈræpɪd/ 副词加 -ly 33 最近的 ________________ /ˈriːsnt/ 副词加 -ly；是现在完成时的标志 34 发展中的 ________________ /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/ 搭配：＋ countries 指发展中国家 35 发达的 ________________ /dɪˈveləpt/ 搭配：＋ countries 指发达国家 36 短缺的；短的 ________________ /ʃɔːt/ 搭配：be … of 表示“缺少” 37 当地的，本地的 ________________ /ˈləʊkl/ 搭配：＋ people 指当地人 38 无家可归的 ________________ /ˈhəʊmləs/ 构词：home 加表示“无”的后缀 39 有意义的 ________________ /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ 构词：名词 meaning 加 -ful 40 合适的 ________________ /ˈsuːtəbl/ 搭配：be … for 表示适合 41 基础的 ________________ /ˈbeɪsɪk/ 搭配：＋ education 指基础教育 42 医疗的 ________________ /ˈmedɪkl/ 搭配：＋ care 指医疗保障 43 感到满意的 ________________ /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ 搭配：be … with 表示对……满意 四、副词（adv.） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 44 快速地 ________________ /ˈræpɪdli/ 形容词去掉 -ly 就是“迅速的” 45 最近 ________________ /ˈriːsntli/ 常用于现在完成时 46 如今，现在 ________________ /ˈnaʊədeɪz/ = at the present time 五、数词（num.） 序号 中文提示 英文（自己写） 音标 考点 / 搭配提示 47 十亿 ________________ /ˈbɪljən/ 用法：数字后无 s；加 s 加 of 表约数 48 千 ________________ /ˈθaʊznd/ 用法：数字后无 s；加 s 加 of 表约数 第 3 关　短语快车道 · 9 个高频短语　（10★） 先记短语，再读例句。默写版请先写出短语，再把例句中文译成英语。 序号 短语（自己写） 含义 例句（请把中文译成英语） 1 ________________ 发生（无被动语态） 译句：自 2015 年以来这座城市发生了许多变化。 2 ________________ 执行，实施 译句：政府去年实施了一项新计划。 3 ________________ 与……保持联系 译句：她通过电子邮件和老同学保持联系。 4 ________________ 短缺…… 译句：一些山村缺少医生。 5 ________________ 采取措施做某事 译句：这座城市采取措施保护老建筑。 6 ________________ 在困境中 译句：志愿者们经常帮助有困难的家庭。 7 ________________ 取得进步 译句：我表弟的英语取得了进步。 8 ________________ 习惯于做某事 译句：新生们习惯了在食堂吃饭。 9 ________________ 过去常常做某事 译句：我父母过去常骑自行车上班。 第 4 关　交际套句 · 写作金句　（10★） 这些句子写作时直接套用。背下模板，再换上自己的主语和谓语，句子就是你的了。 一、今昔对比描写句（写变化类作文必用） 套句模板（课文原型） 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） In the past, many families were big and poor. Parents couldn’t afford an education for their children. 过去很多家庭又大又穷，父母负担不起孩子的教育。 In the past, many villages were small and poor. Farmers couldn’t afford a tractor for their fields. Most children had to work to help support their families. 大多数孩子必须打工养家糊口。 Most young people had to leave to help support their parents. Big families shared small old houses. The roads were narrow and dirty. 大家庭挤在狭小破旧的房子里，道路狭窄脏乱。 Large families shared tiny rooms. The lanes were muddy and narrow. Now great changes have taken place in China. People’s living conditions are much better. 如今中国发生巨变，人们的生活条件好了很多。 Now great changes have taken place in our town. Villagers’ living conditions are much better. We can also keep in touch with relatives and friends by telephone or the Internet. 我们可以通过电话、网络和亲友保持联系。 We can also keep in touch with teachers and classmates by email or video calls. There are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs. 各式各样的衣食，满足人们的需求。 There are more kinds of books and courses to satisfy students’ needs. 二、口语短句 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） I haven’t seen you for a long time. 好久不见。 She hasn’t written to me for a long time. By the way, where’s Maria? 顺便问一下，玛丽亚去哪了？ By the way, where’s your brother? 三、阅读拔高金句 套句模板 中文 仿写示范（换主语 + 换谓语） It has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. 中国已经成功举办了 2008 年奥运会。（succeed in doing 考点） Our city has already succeeded in building a new library. More and more ring roads have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. 越来越多环城公路建成，人们生活条件大幅改善。 More and more parks have appeared. Students’ study conditions have improved a lot. 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 现在完成时　（15★） 本单元第一语法！三种基本句式 + 三大易错点，一关搞懂。 一、基本构成 句式 结构 例句 1. 肯定句 主语 + have / has + 动词过去分词 We have finished the survey.（我们完成了这项调查。） 　　第三人称单数 he / she / it / 单数名词 → has He has been to Xi’an.（他去过西安。） 2. 否定句 主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词（haven’t / hasn’t） The twins haven’t visited the museum.（这对双胞胎没参观过博物馆。） 3. 一般疑问句 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词？回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. —Has she ever tried Chinese food?　—Yes, she has. 二、三大易错点 + 对点训练 ★ 易错点 01 易错点 01　短暂性动词与 for / since 连用 原理：buy、leave、die、borrow、join 都是一瞬间完成的动作，不能持续一段时间；遇到 for / since / how long 必须换成延续性状态短语。 1. The small shop didn’t open ________ last spring. 　　A. since　B. for　C. until　D. by　________________ ★ 易错点 02 易错点 02　have been to / have gone to / have been in 混淆 have been to + 地点：去过某地，人已经回来，可搭配 twice、three times； ✗ —Where is Maria? —She has been to Cuba.　✅ Maria has been to Cuba twice. have gone to + 地点：去了某地，人不在现场；✅ —Where is Maria? —She has gone to Cuba. have been in + 地点 + 时间段：在某地居住、停留多久；✅ He has been in the city for 10 years. 1. —My sister has been to Sanya twice.　—________. I went there last winter. 　　A. So have I　B. So I have　C. Neither have I　D. I have so　________________ 2. —Have you ever ________ to the city library?　—Yes, I ________ there with my parents last Sunday. 　　A. been; went　B. gone; have gone　C. been; have been　D. gone; went　________________ 3. —Tom, where is your brother?　—He ________ Beijing to take part in a robot competition. He will be back next week. 　　A. has gone to　B. has been to　C. has been in　D. went to　________________ ★ 易错点 03 易错点 03　used to 三组句型极易混淆（to 词性是关键） 1. used to do sth. 过去常常（to 是不定式，加动词原形）；否定、疑问句助动词 did 后 used 变回 use（去掉 d）。 　✗ I didn’t used to walk to school.　✅ I didn’t use to walk to school. 2. be / get used to doing sth. 习惯于（to 是介词，后面动词必须加 -ing） 　✗ I am used to get up early.　✅ I am used to getting up early. 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做（被动语态，to 加动词原形） 　✗ Wood is used to making paper.　✅ Wood is used to make paper. 1. Many young teachers ________ work in the countryside, but now more of them ________ to the city to live and work. 　　A. used to; have come　B. were used to; came　C. used to; came　D. were used to; have come　________________ 2. We ________ reading e-books on the phone now, although we ________ read paper books years ago. 　　A. used to; used to　B. are used to; used to　C. used to; are used to　D. are used to; are used to　________________ 3. He ________ in a small town with his parents, but now he ________ the busy life in Beijing. 　　A. used to live; is used to living　B. is used to living; used to live　C. used to living; is used to live　D. is used to live; used to living　________________ 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化　（10★） 五个高频词的“变形 + 搭配”，中考词形变换题全靠它们。 考点词 变形 / 搭配 中考例句（已改写） 1. develop v. 发展；培养 development n. 发展；developing adj. 发展中的；developed adj. 发达的 Our town has developed quickly in recent years. 2. rapidly adv. 快速地 形容词：rapid 迅速的 The small town is growing rapidly. 3. afford v. 负担得起，买得起 搭配：afford sth. / afford to do sth.（常配 can/could） Years ago, few families could afford a car. 4. satisfy v. 使满足 搭配：satisfy one’s needs 满足某人需求 The new market can satisfy the villagers’ daily needs. 5. succeed v. 成功 搭配：succeed in doing sth.；success n.；successful adj. The team succeeded in winning the first prize. ★ 考点即学即练 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。（5 小题 × 2★） 1. The city has seen fast _______ (develop) in the past ten years.　________________ 2. Our country is changing _______ (rapid) than before.　________________ 3. Few students could _______ (afford) such an expensive bike ten years ago.　________________ 4. The new library can _______ (satisfy) the readers’ needs.　________________ 5. Our class _______ (succeed) in winning the singing contest last week.　________________ 第 7 关　终极挑战赛　（23★） 中考题型全覆盖：单选、阅读、单词拼写、完成句子，一级一级来！ Ⅰ. 单项选择（10 小题 × 1★）　★ 1. —Many students walk to school instead of taking cars.　—That’s a good way to protect the ______.　________________ 　　A. custom　B. condition　C. environment　D. temperature 2. Today most students take the bus to school, but they ______ walk to school years ago.　________________ 　　A. are used to　B. used to　C. were used to　D. use to 3. —______ has your village changed since 2018?　—It has become much cleaner.　________________ 　　A. What　B. How　C. Why　D. When 4. Millions of tourists ______ this small island since the new airport was built.　________________ 　　A. visited　B. have visited　C. will visit　D. are visiting 5. The ______ has built several new schools for the mountain village.　________________ 　　A. volunteer　B. government　C. farmer 6. Bamboo is widely used to make many household ______ like baskets, mats and chopsticks.　________________ 　　A. services　B. materials　C. products　D. inventions 7. —Where is your sister?　—She ______ to the post office. She ______ back in half an hour.　________________ 　　A. has gone; will come　B. has been; came　C. went; comes　D. goes; has come 8. Our school ______ a lot since the new headmaster came.　________________ 　　A. changed　B. changes　C. has changed　D. will change 9. Which sentence is in the present perfect tense?　________________ 　　A. She visited the museum last week.　B. He has finished his homework.　C. They play football every Sunday.　D. We will travel to Beijing. 10. So many changes have ______ in our school over the past five years.　________________ 　　A. taken place　B. took place　C. happen　D. happened Ⅱ. 阅读理解（4 小题 × 1★）　★★　阅读短文，选择最佳答案 China’s high-speed railway network has grown faster than any other in the world. Twenty years ago, few ordinary families could afford to travel far from home, and a trip from Beijing to Shanghai took more than ten hours by train. Today the same journey takes only about four and a half hours. By 2024, the network had reached over 45,000 kilometres, long enough to go around the earth once. More than two thousand stations have been built, and millions of people take the trains every day. Great changes have taken place in the small towns along the lines. New hotels and shops have appeared, and local farmers can send their fruit to big cities in a few hours. The railway has not only shortened the journey but also made life better for everyone. 11. How long did the trip from Beijing to Shanghai take twenty years ago?　________________ 　　A. About four and a half hours.　B. More than ten hours.　C. About twenty hours.　D. Less than two hours. 12. What do we know about the network by 2024?　________________ 　　A. It reached over 45,000 kilometres.　B. It had fewer than 2,000 stations.　C. It was the shortest in the world.　D. It was built in one year. 13. How does the writer show the growth of the network?　________________ 　　A. By telling stories.　B. By listing numbers.　C. By asking questions.　D. By giving examples. 14. Why does the writer write this text?　________________ 　　A. To ask people to travel by plane.　B. To show how the railway has changed people’s lives.　C. To introduce a new station.　D. To complain about the slow trains. Ⅲ. 单词拼写（5 小题 × 1★）　★★　根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词 15. ________ the teacher’s opinion, hard work makes a big difference.　________________ 16. Where is your brother? He has g________ to the station to sell digital p________.　________________ 17. The coach told us that we should pay attention to every ________ (方面) of training.　________________ 18. Shenzhen has developed many h________ (高科技的) industries like new energy cars.　________________ 19. Online shopping has ________ (great) changed the way people buy things.　________________ Ⅳ. 完成句子（4 小题 × 1★）　★★★ 20. In 2020, the new 600-kilometre high-speed railway was opened.（对划线部分提问） 　　________ ________ the new high-speed railway opened? 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 21. Anna, long time no see.（改为同义句） 　　Anna, we haven’t ________ each other ________ a long time. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 22. Did the villagers walk on narrow tracks long ago?（用 used to 改写句子，每空一词） 　　________ the villagers ________ ________ ________ on narrow tracks long ago? 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 23. 便捷的高铁能让小镇的居民受益巨大。 　　The people in the small town can ________ greatly ________ the convenient high-speed railway. 【作答区】请把答案写在题中横线上，做完核对末页「答案自查区」。 第 8 关　写作工坊 + 我的战绩自评　（10★） 一、话题分析 1. 核心话题：变化类作文（社会变化、家乡变化、个人生活变化） 2. 题目高频考法：Changes in My Hometown（最高频）／Changes in My Life／The World Is Changing for the Better／Great Changes in China 3. 固定写作逻辑：过去穷 / 差 → 现在好 / 美 → 感慨 + 展望 4. 必须使用的核心时态（得分关键）：过去用 used to do / 一般过去时；现在变化用现在完成时（本单元必考语法） 二、写作框架（三段式） 段落 功能 万能句 / 写作公式 第一段 开篇点题（总起、一句话入题） Great changes have taken place in my hometown / our life over the past few years. 第二段 主体对比段（全文最高分段落）：生活条件 + 交通环境 + 交流教育 In the past（过去差，统一用 used to）+ But now（现在好，统一用现在完成时） 第三段 结尾升华（感慨 + 展望未来） With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better.／I’m proud of these great changes. I believe our hometown will become more beautiful in the future. 三、范文背诵（Changes in My Hometown） Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past few years. In the past, my hometown was a quiet and poor village. The roads were narrow and muddy. People used to live in small old houses, and they could hardly afford new clothes. Many children had no chance to go to school. But now everything has changed for the better. Wide roads have been built, and tall buildings have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. Children can study in bright classrooms, and we can keep in touch with our friends easily on the Internet. With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better. I am proud of my hometown, and I believe it will become even more beautiful in the future. 四、我的战绩自评 环节 满分 我得的星 我的易错点 / 想再练一遍的地方 第 1 关　热身闯关 10★ 第 2 关　分类词汇站 12★ 第 3 关　短语快车道 10★ 第 4 关　交际套句 · 写作金句 10★ 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 现在完成时 15★ 第 6 关　考点精讲 · 词形变化 10★ 第 7 关　终极挑战赛 23★ 第 8 关　写作工坊 10★ 合计 100★ ★ 段位榜 90★ 及以上 · 王者　｜　80★ 黄金　｜　70★ 白银　｜　60★ 青铜　｜　60★ 以下：再来一次，把错题讲给同学听！ 【错题收纳盒】把今天做错的题号写下来，明天重做一遍。 1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 家长 / 老师签字：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 答案自查区　（做完再核对，可沿边框裁下） ★ 全部答案解析 第 1 关　热身闯关 1. volunteer　2. population　3. rapidly　4. developed　5. measure 第 2 关　分类词汇站（48 词） 名词：1.hometown　2.volunteer　3.condition　4.relative　5.communication　6.development　7.population　8.policy　9.energy　10.resource　11.measure　12.couple　13.space　14.percent　15.block　16.opera　17.need　18.project　19.progress　20.aid　21.meaning 动词：22.develop　23.improve　24.afford　25.support　26.communicate　27.satisfy　28.succeed　29.increase　30.train　31.provide 形容词：32.rapid　33.recent　34.developing　35.developed　36.short　37.local　38.homeless　39.meaningful　40.suitable　41.basic　42.medical　43.satisfied 副词：44.rapidly　45.recently　46.nowadays　｜　数词：47.billion　48.thousand 第 3 关　短语快车道 1.take place　2.carry out　3.keep in touch with　4.be short of　5.take measures to do sth.　6.in need　7.make progress　8.get used to doing sth.　9.used to do sth. 参考译句：1. Many changes have taken place in this city since 2015.　2. The government carried out a new plan last year.　3. She keeps in touch with her old classmates by email.　4. Some mountain villages are short of doctors.　5. The city takes measures to protect the old buildings.　6. The volunteers often help families in need.　7. My cousin has made progress in his English.　8. The new students get used to eating in the school canteen.　9. My parents used to ride bikes to work. 第 5 关　语法闯关 · 现在完成时 易错点 01　1. C｜易错点 02　1. A　2. A　3. A｜易错点 03　1. A　2. B　3. A 第 6 关　考点精讲：1.development　2.more rapidly　3.afford　4.satisfy　5.succeeded 第 7 关　终极挑战赛 Ⅰ. 1.C　2.B　3.B　4.B　5.B　6.C　7.A　8.C　9.B　10.A Ⅱ. 11.B　12.A　13.B　14.B Ⅲ. 15.In　16.gone; products　17.aspect　18.high-tech　19.greatly Ⅳ. 20.When was　21.seen; for　22.Did; use to walk　23.benefit; from 第 8 关　写作工坊：范文见正文，请对照三段式框架自查自己的作文。 第 页 / 共 页　·　闯关学习单 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $