专题04 阅读理解（说明文&议论文）（期中真题汇编，安徽专用）八年级英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文与议论文阅读，涵盖人与社会（旅游、文化、科技）、人与自我（日常活动、情绪管理）、人与自然（动植物、宇宙）三大主题，精选安徽多地初中期中真题，素材兼具时代性与文化性，能力梯度清晰。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|多篇阅读，每题3-5小题|细节理解（如大桥类型）、推理判断（如火箭残骸风险）、主旨归纳（如家庭时间重要性）|素材含科技前沿（人形机器人运动会）、文化传承（簪花围非遗），问题从基础事实到高阶推理，适配期中能力检测|

专题04 阅读理解（说明文&议论文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·安徽安庆四中·期中）The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge (花江峡谷大桥) is one of the most amazing bridges in China. It is located in the mountainous Guizhou Province, which is famous for its deep valleys and rivers. Building bridges here is very difficult but necessary to connect cities and improve people’s lives. Completed on September 28th, 2025, the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge. This means it has tall towers that support the road with strong cables. The bridge stretches (延展) an impressive 1,280 meters across the deep Huajiang Canyon. What makes it special is its main span (跨度)—the part between the two towers—which is 720 meters long. This design was a great challenge (挑战) for the engineers. Though the builders used advanced technology, they worked in tough conditions. They had to deal with strong winds and the great height. Building this bridge helped to shorten the travel time between two important towns from several hours to just a few minutes. This makes it easier for people to travel, do business, and get supplies. The Huajiang Canyon Bridge is not just useful; it is also a beautiful sight. It stands as a symbol of modern engineering and human creativity, showing that we can overcome natural challenges to build a better future. 1.What type of bridge is the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge? A. A stone bridge B. A wooden bridge C. A cable-stayed bridge D. A suspension bridge 2.How does the bridge change travel for local people? A. It makes travel more expensive. B. It shortens the travel time significantly. C. It makes travel more difficult. D. It doesn’t change anything about travel. 3.Which one was not a natural challenge the builders faced while building the bridge? A. They had to deal with strong winds. B. They worked at a great height. C. They worked in tough conditions. D. They used advanced technology. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了花江峡谷大桥的建设背景、技术特点及其对当地交通的重要改善作用。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge”可知，花江峡谷大桥是一座斜拉桥。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Building this bridge helped to shorten the travel time between two important towns from several hours to just a few minutes.”可知，大桥显著缩短了旅行时间。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“the builders used advanced technology”可知，使用先进技术是人为措施，不是自然挑战。故选D。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·安徽六安九中·期中）I’m a student from Xuchang, Henan. When people talk about Xuchang, many of them will think of Pangdonglai Supermarket. With a history of over 20 years, Pangdonglai Supermarket is a symbol of Xuchang. Almost all the people here know and love it. Some of you may ask why Pangdonglai Supermarket is so popular. One of the reasons is that the things there are cheap. People can find everything they need at good prices. If the thing you bought gets cheaper a few days later, the workers there will call you and refund (退还) you the money you overpaid. Pangdonglai Supermarket is also famous for its excellent service (服务). The workers there are very friendly and always ready to help people. They put some magnifiers (放大镜) next to the things they sell to help the old to see them clearly. You can have a meal there as well as going shopping. I enjoy eating there with my friends on Saturday afternoons. All in all, with its cheap things and good service, Pangdonglai Supermarket wins the hearts of many people. 1.Pangdonglai Supermarket has a history of ________ . A. less than 5 years B. less than 10 years C. more than 20 years D. more than 25 years 2.In the third paragraph, the writer mainly talks about Pangdonglai’s ________. A. symbol B. service C. workers D. magnifiers 3.What is the structure of the passage? A. ①—②③④ B. ①②—③④ C. ①②③—④ D. ①—②③—④ 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了河南许昌的胖东来超市，通过其20多年历史、商品价格实惠、服务周到友好等特点，说明了它深受当地人民喜爱的原因。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“With a history of over 20 years, Pangdonglai Supermarket is a symbol of Xuchang.”可知，胖东来超市有20多年历史，故选C。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“Pangdonglai Supermarket is also famous for its excellent service (服务).”可知，第三段主要讲胖东来的服务，故选B。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章第①段总述胖东来是许昌的象征；第②③段分别从“商品便宜”和“服务优质”两个方面分析其受欢迎的原因；第④段总结其因便宜商品和优质服务赢得人心。结构为①—②③—④，故选D。 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽合肥蜀山区琥珀教育集团·期中）Which is your favourite flavour (口味) of cakes? It might say something about your personality (性格). Vanilla (香草) Chocolate Green tea You always listen to other people’s ideas. You also enjoy being with your family. You want to be a popular student. You like going out and talking with other people. You believe in yourself and have many good habits. 1.What can different flavours of cakes tell us about a person? A. Height. B. Personality. C. Job. D. Dream. 2.Tom has lots of good habits, so he might like ________. A. green tea cakes B. chocolate cakes C. vanilla cakes D. strawberry cakes 3.We can read this text in a ________. A. history book B. news report C. magazine D. story book 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍选择不同口味的蛋糕可以反映出不同的性格。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Which is your favourite flavour (口味) of cakes? It might say something about your personality (性格).”可知，不同的蛋糕口味体现人的不同性格，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Green tea ... You believe in yourself and have many good habits.”可知，喜欢绿茶口味的人相信自己并且有很多好习惯，故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，是出现在杂志上的性格小测试，故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆石化一中·期中）Have you ever looked at your cat and thought, “Do you know who I am?” Scientists in Japan wanted to see if cats know what their owners smell like. Scientists in Tokyo worked with thirty house cats. They put three plastic tubes (塑料软管) in front of each cat. Inside the first tube was a stick (棍) with the owner’s scent (气味). Inside the second tube was a stick with the scent of a stranger. The last tube held a clean stick with no scent at all. The cats were free to smell each tube. Most cats spent more time smelling the stick with the stranger’s scent than the other two sticks. This shows this: The cats knew that the smell was new, and not from anyone familiar. Cats often use smell and scents to know and communicate with other cats. And in earlier studies, baby cats also smelt strange mother cats longer than they smelt their own mothers. So cats notice what’s new, and take their time finding it out. After smelling the sticks, some cats rubbed (摩擦) their faces on the tubes. This is a marking action, and means the cats were marking the tubes with their own scent. So what does this tell us? _______ However, the researchers say they still don’t know if cats can know people just by smell. For now, your cat might not know it’s you by your smell alone—but they do know you’re not a stranger! 1.Why did the cats spend more time on the stick with a stranger’s scent? A. They thought there was much food. B. The stranger’s scent was similar to their owners’. C. They noticed the smell was new and wanted to learn more about it. D. There was something wrong with their noses after they smelt the other sticks. 2.Which of the following can we put back into the blank “_____”? A. Cats have no ability to know different smells at all. B. Cats can know people quickly by using only one sense. C. Cats are only interested in the smell of their owners. D. Cats can tell the difference between familiar and unfamiliar smells. 3.What can we infer from the text? A. The cats spent the least time smelling the clean stick. B. The scientists may do more studies on cats in the future. C. The smell of the stranger made the cats feel afraid and run away. D. The clean stick was used to show cats have a good sense of smell. 4.In which part of a newspaper can we find the text? A. Sports&Health. B. People&Health. C. Food&Culture. D. Science&Nature. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇科普类说明文。主要讲述了日本科学家通过实验研究猫是否能通过气味识别主人和陌生人。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Most cats spent more time smelling the stick with the stranger’s scent than the other two sticks. This shows this: The cats knew that the smell was new, and not from anyone familiar.”可知，猫之所以花更多时间闻陌生人的气味，是因为它们注意到这个气味是新的，并想进一步了解它。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Cats often use smell and scents to know and communicate with other cats…So cats notice what’s new, and take their time finding it out.”和“they do know you’re not a stranger!”可知，此处与猫能通过气味区分陌生人和熟悉的人有关。选项D“猫能区分熟悉和不熟悉的气味”符合语境。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“However, the researchers say they still don’t know if cats can know people just by smell.”可知，由于还不知道猫是否可以通过气味来认识人，所以科学家将来可能会对猫做更多的研究。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主题为科学实验，研究猫的嗅觉能力，属于自然科学范畴，应出现在“科学与自然”版块。故选D。 主题语境04 人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽安庆石化一中·期中）In our modern world, it seems that everyone is very busy all the time. Parents are often working very hard at their jobs, and children are usually busy with a lot of homework and many after-school activities. Because of this busy lifestyle, many families are spending less and less quality time together. However, I strongly believe that spending regular time with one’s family is very important for many different reasons. First of all, spending time together as a family helps to build strong and healthy relationships. When families eat dinner together, talk about their daily experiences, or play games, they communicate more and understand each other much better. This kind of interaction (互动) creates a loving and supportive environment at home so that family members are always ready to help each other. For children, knowing that their parents are always there for them provides a deep sense of safety and happiness, which is necessary for their growth. Second, your family is there to help you through hard times. When you face difficulties, such as problems at school or with friends, your family can offer good advice and help you find solutions. Sharing your worries with people who truly care about you can make you feel supported and less alone. Of course, finding free time can be hard for busy families. But it is important to remember that family time does not have to be a long or complicated activity. Even a short walk together in the park or helping to prepare a meal at home can be very valuable. The most important thing is to put away distractions like mobile phones and really focus on being with each other. 1.How does the writer lead into the topic in the first paragraph? A. By telling an interesting story of his family. B. By talking about a problem people have today. C. By asking readers about their own family life. D. By showing what is good for family time. 2.What is the writer’s advice for families? A. They should have long holidays together. B. Parents should stop working to be with children. C. Children should do more after-school activities. D. They should put away phones during family time. 3.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Why family time is important. B. How to have after-school activities. C. Why parents are always busy. D. How to use mobile phones less. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文，作者针对现代家庭因忙碌缺乏高质量陪伴的问题，论述家庭时间对建立关系、共渡难关的重要性，建议放下干扰专注陪伴。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Because of this busy lifestyle, many families are spending less and less quality time together. However, I strongly believe that spending regular time with one’s family is very important...”可知，作者通过谈论现代人忙碌导致家庭高质量陪伴减少的问题引出主题，故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The most important thing is to put away distractions like mobile phones and really focus on being with each other.”可知，作者建议在家庭时间里放下手机，故选D。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。本文从“建立健康家庭关系”，“帮助度过困难时期”两方面阐述家庭时间的重要性，并给出陪伴建议，核心是“为什么家庭时间很重要”，故选A。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽阜阳一中·期中）Some people think that labour (劳动) is hard and tiring. But I think labour is sweet and happy. This is because I know the meaning of labour. Labour is like a sweet cake. It makes you feel happy after doing hard and tiring jobs. Labour is also like bitter (苦的) fruit that makes you sad. Labour makes everything. No matter (无论) how poor a hard-working man is, he will have a rich day. No matter how rich a lazy man is, he will be poor one day. Labour brings us clothes, food and houses. We should always keep these words in mind. Labour makes a successful person. Lao She said, “If you don’t work, even your flower cannot live. It shows the meaning of labour.” A man also said, “Working hard is the key to making money. So labour is the most glorious (光荣的) matter in the world.” The fun of labour is endless. When you use labour to do a good job for yourself or for others, your heart must be sweeter than honey. Then you can feel the joy of labour. People like to make friends with those hard-working people. Labour is great. We should work hard to make our life meaningful. 1.What does the writer really think of labour? A. Hard. B. Sweet. C. Tiring. D. Lucky. 2.Why is labour sometimes like bitter fruit? A. Because it makes people unhappy. B. Because it gets people hurt. C. Because it gives difficult jobs. D. Because it brings bad things. 3.What can we learn from Lao She’s words? A. Enough labour can bring us enough money. B. Good luck can make a lazy person rich. C. Being hard-working can make our life better. D. Poor life can make a person work harder. 【答案】1. B　2. A　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文，阐述了作者对劳动的看法，认为劳动是甜蜜且快乐的，劳动能创造一切，带来诸多益处，还提到劳动的乐趣无穷，鼓励人们努力工作让生活有意义。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But I think labour is sweet and happy.”可知，作者认为劳动是甜蜜且快乐的。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Labour is also like bitter (苦的) fruit that makes you sad.”可知，劳动有时像苦果，是因为它让人伤心，也就是让人不开心。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Lao She said, ‘If you don’t work, even your flower cannot live. It shows the meaning of labour.’”可知，老舍的话表明不劳动，花都无法存活，这意味着劳动很重要，即努力工作能让我们的生活更好。故选C。 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽六安九中·期中）Plants are amazing living things. They can grow in many different places, from hot deserts to cold mountains. There are more than 300,000 kinds of plants in the world. Most plants have three main parts: roots, stems and leaves. Roots grow under the ground. They take water and nutrients from the soil. Stems hold the plants up and carry water and nutrients to the leaves. Leaves use sunlight to make food for the plants. Some plants have flowers. Flowers come in different colors, like red, yellow and purple. After flowers bloom, they often turn into fruits. Fruits have seeds inside them. When the fruits fall to the ground, the seeds can grow into new plants. But some plants are in danger. People cut down trees to build houses and farms. Pollution also hurts plants. We need to protect plants because they give us oxygen, food and many other useful things. 1.How many kinds of plants are there in the world? A. Less than 30,000. B. More than 30,000,000. C. Less than 300,000. D. More than 300,000. 2.Why do people cut down trees? A. To protect plants. B. To build houses and farms. C. To grow flowers. D. To make food. 3.Why do we need to protect plants? A. Because they are beautiful. B. Because they give us oxygen, food and other useful things. C. Because they can grow in deserts. D. Because they have flowers. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了植物的多样性、结构和功能以及保护植物的必要性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“There are more than 300,000 kinds of plants in the world.”可知，世界上有超过30万种植物。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“People cut down trees to build houses and farms.”可知，人们砍伐树木是为了建造房屋和农场。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“We need to protect plants because they give us oxygen, food and many other useful things.”可知，我们需要保护植物，因为它们提供氧气、食物和其他有用的东西。故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆四中·期中）Every year on October 4th the world comes together for the well-being (福祉) of animals everywhere. This is World Animal Day. Starting in 1925, the yearly event has become a special chance for everyone who cares about animals to make a difference. In 2021, the theme was “A Shared Planet”. “As we share this Earth with all living things, we can truly make a difference for all animals!” wrote the event’s website. In the past ten years, China has done much to improve the well-being of domestic (驯养的) and wild animals. The protection of Asian elephants is a good example. Asian elephants have become endangered because some people hunt them for their ivory (象牙). Asian elephants in China are mostly in Yunnan Province. These wild animals sometimes eat local farmers’ crops. The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife. For example, they make rules to stop the ivory trade. With World Animal Day around the corner, we all can think of more ways to better protect our wild friends. Let’s take action together! 1.What does the underlined word “harmonious” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Serious. B. Friendly. C. Awful. D. Nervous. 2.Why have Asian elephants become endangered according to the passage? A. Because people caught them for shows. B. Because people hunted them to make medicine. C. Because people hunted them for ivory. D. Because people kept them as pets. 3.What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To ask people to better protect wild animals. B. To tell people to protect local farmers’ crops. C. To tell people how to care about Asian elephants. D. To tell people just to know about World Animal Day. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了世界动物日的起源和意义，并以中国保护亚洲象为例，呼吁人们采取更多行动保护野生动物。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“These wild animals sometimes eat local farmers’ crops. The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife.”可知，野生动物有时会吃农民的庄稼，政府努力在当地居民和野生动物之间建立更“和谐的”关系。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Asian elephants have become endangered because some people hunt them for their ivory.”可知，亚洲象因被猎取象牙而濒危。故选C。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“With World Animal Day around the corner, we all can think of more ways to better protect our wild friends. Let’s take action together!”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是呼吁人们更好地保护野生动物。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26八上·安徽安庆石化一中·期中）Plants give us food, clothes and oxygen (氧气). There are over 335,000 kinds of plants in the world. Many plants have six parts. In fact, all living things have life cycles (周期). During the growth of plants, each part has its own job to do. Let’s learn together. A plant’s life cycle begins with seeds. Seeds come in many shapes and sizes. When seeds are in the earth, they will grow into plants over time. The roots of a plant usually grow underground. They take in nutrients (养分) and absorb (吸收) water from the earth. The stem grows up from the roots and helps the plant to stand. It stores nutrients and transports (传送) water to other parts of the plant. Leaves grow out of the stem. The leaves collect sunlight and CO₂ during the day, and these things are converted (转化) into sugar and oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). Many flowers are colourful. They help the plant to make seeds. Some plants grow fruits that have seeds in them, such as apples and corn. These are all fruits of plants. 1.What do plants bring us according to the text? ①Food. ② Clothes. ③Money. ④Oxygen. ⑤Sunlight. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ②④⑤ 2.What does a plant’s life cycle begin with? A. B. C. D. 3.What is the main job of leaves? A. They carry out photosynthesis. B. They transport water to other parts of plants. C. They make seeds for plants. D. They grow fruits for people to eat. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物的作用、种类及生命周期，解析根、茎、叶、花、果等部分的功能，展现植物生长的奥秘。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Plants give us food, clothes and oxygen.”可知，植物带给我们食物、衣服和氧气，对应①②④，故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“A plant’s life cycle begins with seeds.”可知，植物的生命周期从种子开始，故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The leaves collect sunlight and CO₂ during the day, and these things are converted into sugar and oxygen through photosynthesis.”可知，叶子的主要工作是进行光合作用，故选A。 主题语境01 人与社会-文化 （25-26八上·安徽合肥三十八中·期中）The Chinese pingfeng, a folding (折叠) screen, is an old invention and traditional Chinese furniture. Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens a dragon usually appears. It stands for nobility (高贵) and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol (象征) of everlasting (永久的) life. Beautiful flowers mean good luck. Lots of people like to choose them as a popular design of the pingfeng. All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes. Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story. In the past, the unmarried daughter of a rich family couldn’t be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close cousins. When an admirer (仰慕者) paid a visit, however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were glad with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to marry him. Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, and it adds style to them. The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture. 1.What did people use the pingfeng for at the very beginning? A. Hiding a person. B. Protecting people from wind. C. Dividing a room. D. Decorating a room. 2.Which design stands for good luck? A. The dragon. B. The peacock. C. The beautiful bird. D. The beautiful flowers. 3.How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A. By telling a story. B. By asking and answering questions. C. By telling differences. D. By giving examples. 4.What does the writer think of the pingfeng? A. It is of no practical use at all now. B. It is not just used as furniture. C. It is not popular anymore. D. It won’t be used in the future 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统家具——屏风的历史、用途、设计及其文化意义。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning.”可知，屏风的最初用途是挡风。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Beautiful flowers mean good luck.”可知，美丽花朵象征好运。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“On screens a dragon usually appears. It stands for nobility (高贵) and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol (象征) of everlasting (永久的) life. Beautiful flowers mean good luck.”可知，第二段通过列举具体图案（龙、孔雀、花朵）及其象征意义展开论述，属于典型举例论证。故选D。 (4)题解析： 观点态度题。根据“The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture.”可知，作者认为屏风不仅是家具。故选B。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·安徽合肥四十五中·期中）A study shows that almost half of all people say that they are shy. Some people are not shy when they are with their friends. But when they are in a new environment, they become afraid. For other people, shyness can be a problem. They become so worried that they cannot speak in front of people. But why are some people shy? Scientists once did a study on two-month-old babies. They found that of every five babies, one was very outgoing. This kind of baby liked to make sounds. And one of every five babies was always quiet. These babies might be shy when they grew up. Family affects (影响) shyness. Studies show that children who are shy usually have parents that have fewer friends and fewer family activities. People who are outgoing are sometimes more successful. But sometimes shyness can be a good thing. Shy people are often very good at listening. They are good friends because they listen more than they talk. This can also make them successful. 1.What does the underlined word “environment” mean? A. The people and things that are around you in your life. B. The word that people use to describe a person. C. The money that people use to pay for a thing. D. The food that many people like. 2.How does the writer start the text? A. By giving an example. B. By showing the results of a study. C. By showing pictures. D. By asking a question. 3.What can we know from the text? A. Shy children’s parents usually have more friends. B. Outgoing people are often very good at listening. C. Shy people are usually more successful. D. Some people aren’t shy when they are with their friends. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了害羞这一现象，探讨了害羞的表现、成因以及害羞带来的影响，同时指出外向和害羞的人各自的特点。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。 根据“Some people are not shy when they are with their friends. But when they are in a new environment, they become afraid.”可知，有些人和朋友在一起时不害羞，但在新环境中会害怕。由此可推测，environment指的是生活中周围的人和事物，故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。 根据“A study shows that almost half of all people say that they are shy.”可知，作者开篇展示了一项研究的结果。由此可知，作者通过展示研究结果开启文章，故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。 根据“Some people are not shy when they are with their friends.”可知，有些人和朋友在一起时不害羞。 故选D。 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽合肥三十八中·期中）On August 14, 2025, Beijing hosted the world’s first Humanoid Robot Games (首届人形机器人运动会) at the National Speed Skating Oval, also known as the “Ice Ribbon”. Over 500 robots from 16 countries formed 280 teams to take part in sports, dances, and practical tasks during the three-day event. The opening ceremony (开幕式) amazed the audience with robots dancing hip-hop, performing martial arts, and playing instruments like keyboards. In a futuristic fashion show, robots modeled clothes with humans, though one fell and needed help. Teams from top universities (like Tsinghua University and Peking University) and companies joined the international event. A Chinese official said every robot was “making history.” Though robots sometimes made mistakes, the events aimed to improve technology through practice. The Games show China’s progress in AI robotics and give us a look at a future where humans and machines work together. 1.Where was the world’s first Humanoid Robot Games? A. A famous soccer stadium in Beijing. B. The National Speed Skating Oval (“Ice Ribbon”). C. A large hall in Tsinghua University. D. An international exhibition center in China. 2.Which of the following is NOT included in the opening ceremony? A. Robots dancing hip-hop. B. Robots playing the keyboard. C. A futuristic robot-human fashion show. D. Robots sorting hospital medicines. 3.What is the main aim of holding the Humanoid Robot Games? A. To entertain the audience with robot shows. B. To help robots win more competitions worldwide. C. To improve robotics technology through practice. D. To show China’s leading position in AI technology. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文讲述了2025年8月14日，世界首届人形机器人运动会在北京国家速滑馆举办。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“On August 14, 2025, Beijing hosted the world’s first Humanoid Robot Games (首届人形机器人运动会) at the National Speed Skating Oval, also known as the ‘Ice Ribbon’.”可知，世界首届人形机器人运动会在国家速滑馆（“冰丝带”）举办。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The opening ceremony (开幕式) amazed the audience with robots dancing hip-hop, performing martial arts, and playing instruments like keyboards. In a futuristic fashion show, robots modeled clothes with humans, though one fell and needed help.”可知，开幕式上有机器人跳街舞、弹键盘以及未来感十足的机器人与人类时装秀，没有提到机器人在医院分类药品。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Though robots sometimes made mistakes, the events aimed to improve technology through practice.”可知，举办人形机器人运动会的主要目的是通过实践来改进机器人技术。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）Electric cars may seem like recent inventions, but actually, they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than there were gas-powered (汽油驱动的) ones. At that time, gas was expensive compared with other energies (能源). Once gas prices dropped and new technologies were developed, electric cars were out of date. During the 20th century, gas-powered cars got bigger, heavier and faster. They needed more fuel (燃料), which led to more air pollution. For years, car makers didn’t worry about pollution. But as oil became less and less available, customers asked the car makers to produce more useful and less polluting cars. One way was a “hybrid” car, one that ran partly on gas and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s when gas prices rose faster and car makers made the fuel cars more affordable. An all-electric car uses no gas. The problem, though, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged. That makes electric cars not so useful for long journeys. The government and car makers are working together to develop safe, inexpensive, and useful electric cars. When people have these cars in the future, gas stations may be a thing of the past. 1.In the early 1900s, there were more ________ on the road than gas-powered ones. A. electric cars B. hybrid cars C. polluting cars D. fuel cars 2.When did gas-powered cars get bigger, heavier and faster? A. In the 1800s. B. In the early 1900s. C. During the 20th century. D. In the 2000s. 3.Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because ________. A. gas prices rose faster and they were more affordable B. car makers didn’t worry about pollution C. oil became more and more D. new technologies were developed 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了电动汽车的发展历程。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than there were gas-powered ones.”可知，20世纪初，道路上的电动汽车比汽油驱动的汽车多。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“During the 20th century, gas-powered cars got bigger, heavier and faster.”可知，在20世纪，汽油驱动的汽车变得更大、更重、更快。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s when gas prices rose faster and car makers made the fuel cars more affordable.”可知，混合动力汽车在21世纪初流行起来，因为汽油价格上涨更快，而且汽车制造商使燃料汽车更便宜。故选A。 Passage 3 （25-26八上·安徽合肥四十五中·期中）Do you want to take the flying taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car? Air taxis are taking a big step now. In June, a company called Joby Aviation tested their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. Joby says their taxis are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters (直升机). The air taxi will be flown by a pilot and can carry four other people. It can fly as fast as 320 kilometres per hour and can go around 160 kilometres before it needs to be recharged (充电). Joby thinks they will start carrying people for money by 2025. They expect to charge (收费) about 1 per mile. This makes it easy for many people to fly. Joby also expects their air taxi can give a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when and how these taxis can fly. Although the idea of flying taxi is exciting, some people have worries about the flying taxis. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to the skies. Some people think that only rich people will be able to use them in the future. 1.How many people in all can the air taxi carry at one time? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 2.What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A. The company. B. The helicopter. C. The pilot. D. The air taxi. 3.What is Joby’s future plan? A. To increase the price of the flying taxi. B. To make the flying taxi go around 160 kilometers per hour. C. To build the world’s first and best flying taxi. D. To offer a ride-sharing service in the sky. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了Joby Aviation公司研发的空中出租车，包括其特点、收费计划以及面临的挑战。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The air taxi will be flown by a pilot and can carry four other people.”可知，空中出租车除飞行员外还能搭载4人，因此总共可载5人。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“It can fly as fast as 320 kilometres per hour...”可知，“it”指代前文提到的“air taxi”。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Joby also expects their air taxi can give a ride-sharing service in the air.”可知，Joby计划未来提供空中拼车服务。故选D。 主题语境04 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·安徽马鞍山八中·期中）Some students think it difficult to learn English well. That’s because they don’t find the right way. I think reading is very important for students. The more you read, the better you’ll understand. Reading is helpful to listening, speaking and writing. If you often read English aloud, you’ll improve your listening. On the other hand, listening a lot can help you to read better. Reading English everywhere when you are free, if you wish. You can get a lot of knowledge when you read. Sometimes you need to express your ideas, you can either speak or write. That means you are using what you learned from reading. The same as Chinese, the more you read, the better you can write. If you want to remember something, you should read again and again. So from now on, you’d better do more reading. It’s a good way to learn English well. 1.Some students think it difficult to learn English well because ________. A. they don’t work hard B. they are afraid of English C. they don’t find the right way D. they aren’t clever 2.Reading is helpful to ________. A. speaking B. listening C. writing D. A, B and C 3.The writer thinks ________ is a good way to learn English well. A. the better you write B. doing more reading C. the more you remember D. the more you write 4.In Chinese studying, the more you read, ________. A. the better you speak B. the better you write C. the more you remember D. the more you write 5.The title of this passage may be ________. A. English is important B. Reading is helpful C. English is difficult D. Reading is important 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B　4. B　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了阅读的好处。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Some students think it difficult to learn English well. That’s because they don’t find the right way.”可知，因为他们没有找到正确的方法，故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Reading is helpful to listening, speaking and writing.”可知，阅读对听、说、写都有帮助，故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“So from now on, you’d better do more reading. It’s a good way to learn English well.”可知，作者认为多阅读是学好英语的一个好方法，故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The same as Chinese, the more you read, the better you can write.”可知，读得越多，写得越好，故选B。 (5)题解析： 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了阅读的好处，所以B选项“阅读是有帮助的”符合本文标题，故选B。 主题语境05 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·安徽合肥蜀山区琥珀教育集团·期中）At times, people want to look a bit more like someone else. However, you are all different in your own way. Accepting who you are can help you feel happier and more positive about yourself. Self-acceptance (自我接纳) means appreciating (欣赏) what you’re good at, like sports, science or music. It’s a habit about being kind to yourself even when you make a mistake. In other words, just accept who you are no matter what other people say or think. When you accept who you are, you feel happier and more confident. Otherwise, we may forget about the little things that make us special. However, how to be self-accepting? Start by making a list of all the things you like about yourself. Maybe you’re good at cooking. Ask your friends for help. Also, try saying kind, positive things to yourself in a mirror every morning. Think up ways to treat yourself, like taking a long bath or watching your favorite film. It’s also important to look after yourself by eating healthy food and getting plenty of sleep. 1.Self-acceptance can make us ________ according to the passage. A. become more confident B. appear more perfect C. meet others’ standards D. overcome our weaknesses 2.Which paragraph mainly talks about the ways of self-acceptance? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 3.What can we learn from the passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Where there is love, there is life C. You are imperfect, but you are beautiful. D. Don’t let yesterday take up too much of today 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了自我接纳的含义以及自我接纳带来的好处，同时阐述了如何做到自我接纳，包括列出自己喜欢自己的点、向朋友寻求帮助、每天早上对自己说积极的话、想出善待自己的方式以及照顾好自己等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“When you accept who you are, you feel happier and more confident.”可知，自我接纳能让我们变得更自信。故选A。 (2)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Start by making a list of all the things you like about yourself...It’s also important to look after yourself by eating healthy food and getting plenty of sleep.”可知，第四段主要讲了自我接纳的方法。故选D。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“However, you are all different in your own way. Accepting who you are can help you feel happier and more positive about yourself.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了要学会自我接纳，接受自己的不完美，欣赏自己。C选项“你不完美，但你很美丽”符合文章主旨。故选C。 主题语境06 人与自我-学校活动 It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities. Activity 1: Water Relay (接力赛) Tools ● Two large buckets (水桶) to hold water ● One small bucket for each team member Instructions ● Fill one large bucket with water. ● Make holes in the bottom of the small buckets. ● Have the team members line up between the two large buckets. ● Pass the water from one large bucket to the other, using small buckets. Try to keep as much water as possible. Why It’s Fun ● It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible. ● It’s water. Isn’t it fun to get you wet on a hot summer day? Activity 2: Truth and Lie This activity will allow team members to learn about each other. Instructions ● Have each team member think of three pieces of information about themselves, and one of them is a lie. ● Each team member tells the group all the three pieces of information. Let the other team members guess which is the lie. Why It’s Fun ● Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so. ● Members can learn about each other. ● Members will be surprised at what others think of them. 1.How many team skills does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 2.What tools are needed for each team in Water Relay? A. One large bucket for each member. B. Two large buckets for each member. C. One small bucket for each member and two large buckets. D. Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket. 3.In order to win Water Relay, the team members should ________. A. get themselves wet B. lose as little water as possible C. pass the water as slowly as possible D. pass the large bucket to the other team 4.It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can ________. A. talk about themselves B. share love with each other C. tell lies to surprise others D. learn all the information about others 5.This passage is most probably from ________. A. a science book B. a travel guide C. a news website D. a school magazine 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. B　4. A　5. D 【解析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了两个有趣的适合学生做的团队活动：水接力赛和真相与谎言。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems.”可知第1段提到了三种团队技能：发展人际关系，与他人良好沟通，解决问题。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Tools ●Two large buckets to hold water ●One small bucket for each team member”可知在水接力赛中每个队员需要一个小桶，还需要两个大桶盛水、故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Try to keep as much water as possible.”及“It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible.”可知要赢得水接力赛，就要尽量少让水洒掉。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so.”可知玩真相和谎言是很有趣的，因为团队成员可以谈论自己。故选A。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第1段中“It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities.”可知这是针对学生们学习团队技能而列举的两个有趣的活动，由此可推知极可能来自一本学校杂志。故选D。 主题语境07 人与自我-感情与情绪 （25-26八上·安徽阜阳一中·期中）Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work, or when your best friend does not wait for you after school? If you do, you need to take control (控制) of your feelings and stop getting angry so easily. Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends. Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written My Feelings Are Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings. It tells teenagers how to stay cool when bad things happen to them. The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. It can never make them better. “Getting angry is not a natural way to act,” the book says. It is just a bad habit, like smoking. The book says you can control your anger easily. All you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry. When a baby falls over, he only cries if people are watching him. Like a baby, you should only get angry if you are sure it is the right time to do so. The book gives many tips (提示) to help you if you get angry easily. Here are the top three. * Keep a record (记录). Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. * Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. * Do something different. When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1.How does the writer start the text? A. By telling stories. B. By asking questions. C. By telling facts. D. By using old sayings. 2.Where does Gary Egeberg come from? A. Canada. B. America. C. China. D. Australia. 3.What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A. Getting angry. B. Controlling feelings. C. Smoking. D. Staying cool. 4.What’s the purpose of the text? A. To tell us to help each other. B. To tell us to work hard at school. C. To tell us to do more exercise. D. To tell us not to get angry easily. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，通过提出问题、介绍书籍以及给出建议等方式，阐述了不要轻易生气这一主题，旨在帮助读者控制情绪，避免因轻易生气而失去朋友。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work, or when your best friend does not wait for you after school?”可知，作者通过提出两个问题来开启文章。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher...”可知，Gary Egeberg来自美国。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“‘Getting angry is not a natural way to act,’ the book says. It is just a bad habit, like smoking.”可知，这里说生气不是一种自然的行为方式，它只是一个坏习惯，就像吸烟一样，所以“It”指代的是“Getting angry”。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“If you do, you need to take control (控制) of your feelings and stop getting angry so easily. Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends.”以及后文给出的控制生气的建议等内容可知，文章的目的是告诉我们不要轻易生气。故选D。 主题语境08 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽阜阳一中·期中）Parents love us best in the world. As children, we should do something to show our love for them. Here are a few of my ways. Make a card. You may think making a card is a little thing, and most of you may never try it. My parents keep all the cards from me. They say the cards are treasures to them. So why not make a card for your parents? Clean up the room. My dad and mum are busy every day. They need to work and do housework. All these things make them tired, so I always keep my room clean and tidy. How about you? Do you often clean your room? Make a meal. Parents are tired after a day’s work. Making dinner for them can give them a break. I am too young to do it by myself, so I ask my sister to help me cook. Say sorry and thanks. If I do something wrong, I will say sorry to them. If I do that, they will know how I feel. After they do a thing for me, I always say thanks. I can also do something else for them to show I am sorry or I’m thankful, like writing a letter and drawing pictures. I think you can give it a try, too. 1.Who is the passage for? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Students. D. Friends. 2.Which is the best structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 3.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Best gifts for parents B. Interesting things to do with children C. Ways to show our love D. Places to have fun with family members 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了作为孩子，我们应该做些事情来表达对父母的爱，并介绍了几种表达爱的方式，包括制作卡片、打扫房间、做饭以及说抱歉和感谢等。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As children, we should do something to show our love for them. Here are a few of my ways.”可知，文章是写给孩子们的，即学生群体，让他们知道如何表达对父母的爱。故选C。 (2)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章第一段“As children, we should do something to show our love for them. Here are a few of my ways.”是总述，引出下文要介绍的表达对父母爱的方式；第二段到第五段分别介绍了制作卡片、打扫房间、做饭以及说抱歉和感谢这四种方式，是分述部分。所以文章结构为①/②③④⑤。故选A。 (3)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“As children, we should do something to show our love for them. Here are a few of my ways.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了作为孩子如何向父母表达爱的方式，所以最佳标题是“Ways to show our love”。故选C。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆四中·期中）What do you think of getting your kids to help with housework? I think it’s a good thing. It not only keeps your home cleaner, but also teaches your kids skills. It will be helpful to them in the future. How can you make your kids do housework? Here are some ideas. Start the housework with them. Parents often make a common mistake. They expect their kids to know how to do housework themselves. Picking their toys up may seem like a job at first. However, your kids may not understand how to put them away. What should you do? Instead of scolding (责骂) them, try saying if they need help. Help them start the work, and then let them finish it. Everyone needs to have a sense of responsibility (责任感). When teaching kids to do chores, an important thing is to tell them that doing housework is everyone’s job. It’s very important to give kids the right housework. A difficult job may make your kids easily give up, while a very easy job may cause your kids to feel bored soon. Make doing housework become a good habit. From an early age, you need to teach your kids the importance of doing housework at home. Little by little, kids will understand their responsibilities of keeping their homes clean. Finally, doing housework will become a habit. 1.What is very important according to Paragraph 3? A. Telling kids not to give up. B. Giving kids easy jobs. C. Letting kids finish quickly. D. Giving kids proper (合适的) housework. 2.Why do people need to teach their kids the importance of doing housework from an early age? A. Because their kids will keep the habit later. B. Because their kids will listen to them carefully. C. Because their kids will be more independent (独立的). D. Because their kids will be more interested in housework. 3.What’s the structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1) A. B. C. D. 4.What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text? A. To encourage kids to choose housework they like. B. To show the difficulties kids face in doing housework. C. To give parents advice on getting their kids to do housework. D. To show parents the importance of doing housework themselves. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了让孩子帮忙做家务是一件好事，它不仅能让家更干净，还能教会孩子技能，对他们的未来有帮助，并给出了让孩子做家务的一些建议。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“It’s very important to give kids the right housework. A difficult job may make your kids easily give up, while a very easy job may cause your kids to feel bored soon.”可知，给孩子合适的家务很重要。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“From an early age, you need to teach your kids the importance of doing housework at home. Little by little, kids will understand their responsibilities of keeping their homes clean. Finally, doing housework will become a habit.”可知，人们需要从小就教孩子做家务的重要性，是因为他们的孩子以后会保持这个习惯。故选A。 (3)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章结构为：①段引出话题；②③④段分别提出三条建议。因此文章结构是①/②③④ 。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“How can you make your kids do housework? Here are some ideas.”及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是给父母一些让孩子做家务的建议。故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）People must meet all kinds of problems throughout their lives. We always have to make certain choices. But sometimes, the right choice can be difficult to make. So it is natural that people may ask their family and friends for help. But I think the most important decisions should be made on your own. Normally, people would usually consider a certain choice by considering how much it can be helpful for them. In fact, it is natural, too. Most of the time, they’re choosing for themselves, not for anyone else. So if we ask others for help, we may be led sideways (偏地) by those who think differently. Second, when people ask others for advice, they will probably hear many different ideas. What others see as being necessary may not be equally important to the person who needs help. It is because different people have different thoughts. This could result in a difficult situation where someone might feel confused (困惑的). On the contrary (相反), if a person considers a problem on his or her own, he or she can stay peaceful and think about the advantages and drawbacks of each decision. We know ourselves better than anyone else, after all. If we choose on our own, the final choice will probably be reasonable. I think trying to make choices on one’s own is better than depending on others. 1.When people meet problems, it is very ________ for them to ask for help. A. impossible B. simple C. natural D. important 2.The underlined word “drawbacks” means ________. A. 缺点 B. 困难 C. 选择 D. 兴趣 3.What is the best title for this text? A. Depend on Yourself for Big Decisions B. Advantages and Drawbacks of Each Decision C. The Different Thoughts of Different People D. Don’t Depend on Your Parents or Others 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要论述了在面临重要选择时，应该自己做决定，而不是依赖他人。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“So it is natural that people may ask their family and friends for help.”可知，人们遇到问题时向他人求助是很自然的。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“he or she can stay peaceful and think about the advantages and drawbacks of each decision.”可知，此处“advantages and drawbacks”为对应关系，drawbacks与advantages (优点)意思相反，应表示“缺点”。故选A。 (3)题解析： 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要论述了在面临重要选择时应该自己做决定，而不是依赖他人，因此“Depend on Yourself for Big Decisions”是最佳标题。故选A。 主题语境09 人与自然-动物与植物 Some animals are the most dangerous animals in the world. However, most of them are also in danger. Great White Sharks (大白鲨) The great white sharks are famous for their size and their sharp teeth. These allow them to catch more food, like fish. People call them the king of the sea. They are white and black. The adult (成年的) sharks can be 4~5.2 m and 680~1,100 kg. Polar Bears (北极熊) The adult polar bears can be 350~700 kg. They are all white and full of thick fur   (厚厚的皮毛). Their fur can protect them from water. Although most polar bears are born on land, they spend most of their time in the sea. Poison Dart Frogs (箭毒蛙) Poison dart frogs live in South America. They often have beautiful colours. Most of them are small, sometimes less than 1.5 cm. A poison dart frog has enough poison to stop the heart of a large animal from beating. The poison is on their skin (皮肤), so don’t touch them. 1.What are the great white sharks famous for? A. Their big eyes. B. Their living places. C. Their size and sharp teeth. D. Their beautiful colours. 2.The adult polar bears can be around ________. A. 400kg B. 900kg C. 1,000kg D. 1,100kg 3.Where can you probably find the text? A. In a history book. B. In a science magazine. C. In a storybook. D. In a fashion magazine. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了世界上最危险的几种动物，包括大白鲨、北极熊和箭毒蛙，并描述了它们各自的特点。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The great white sharks are famous for their size and their sharp teeth.”可知，大白鲨以其体型和锋利的牙齿而闻名。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The adult polar bears can be 350~700 kg.”可知，成年北极熊的体重在350到700公斤之间，400kg在此范围内。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了世界上最危险的几种动物及其特点，这类内容通常出现在科学杂志中。故选B。 主题语境10 人与自然-宇宙 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）Will falling parts from a broken rocket (火箭) hit you on the head? In the past, that seemed impossible. However, that is changing. Scientists warn that falling rocket parts could hurt people in the next ten years. Research shows that this is because more countries are sending more rockets into space. Therefore, space is becoming congested (拥挤的). In 2024, there were 259 successful rocket launches (发射). That was a record number. And it is likely that the world will continue to break the record this year. A Canadian study found more than 60% of rockets are left in space after they complete their tasks. These rockets may circle the earth for years before they fall. Scientists found out that rocket parts are more likely to hit the Global South. However, most rockets are launched from the Global North. When rockets fall, their parts often land near poorer countries. Scientists call this“exporting (出口) risk. ”While no one has been hurt yet, the risk of people being hit by falling parts continues to grow. Governments and companies that send rockets into space must act responsibly to protect everyone. 1.Why is space becoming congested? A. Fewer rockets are launched. B. More countries send more rockets into space. C. Rockets are getting bigger. D. Rockets fall to Earth quickly. 2.Where are rocket parts more likely to hit? A. The Global North. B. The Global South. C. Rich countries. D. Rocket launching places. 3.Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. Rockets fall as soon as they finish their work. B. Most rockets are launched from the Global South. C. Rocket parts are more likely to hit the Global North. D. Rocket parts often fall near poorer countries. 4.What will the writer most probably write about next? A. How to send more rockets into space. B. How to produce a rocket on your own. C. How to take care of rockets left in space. D. How to make rockets land near rich countries. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讨论了随着更多火箭发射，太空变得拥挤，火箭部件坠落对地球，特别是对较贫穷国家带来的风险。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Research shows that this is because more countries are sending more rockets into space. Therefore, space is becoming congested.”可知，太空变得拥挤是因为更多国家向太空发射更多火箭。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Scientists found out that rocket parts are more likely to hit the Global South.”可知，火箭部件更可能坠落在全球南方国家。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“When rockets fall, their parts often land near poorer countries.”可知，火箭部件经常坠落在较贫穷国家附近。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Governments and companies that send rockets into space must act responsibly to protect everyone.”可推知，作者接下来最可能写如何负责任地处理留在太空的火箭，以保护人们的安全。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·安徽合肥四十五中·期中）A friendship is very important. However, it is not easy to build a lasting friendship. In order to do so, you need to make the person whom you want to make friends with trust you. Of course, it is easier said than done. Here is some of my advice about making friends. First, be careful when you want to make friends with someone. He or she may not be as kind as you think. He or she may lie and may cause you trouble. Once I told a secret of mine to one of my friends. I told him not to tell the secret to anybody else. But that was a lie! I was very sad when I found out that he had told the secret to many people. It was so terrible. Second, it is not easy to keep a friendship. You should not be selfish (自私的) and you should think about problems from the side of your friends. It is also important to keep calm. A friendship won’t last long if you don’t care for your friends or blame them whenever there is conflict (争执). My last suggestion is: you don’t have to use presents to show that you care for your friends. Friendship is not built on gifts. Instead, it is founded on kindness and true love. Cherish (珍惜) your friends! They are treasure (财富) in your life! 1.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “blame” in Chinese? A. 理解 B. 破坏 C. 责备 D. 尊重 2.What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 3.What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to build a lasting friendship? B. How to make more friends? C. How to learn to share? D. What is friendship? 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文，阐述了维持长久友谊的重要性，并提出三点建议：谨慎择友、避免自私与冲突时保持冷静、用心而非礼物维系感情，最后呼吁珍惜朋友这一人生财富。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“A friendship won’t last long if you don’t care for your friends or blame them whenever there is conflict (争执).”可知，在有争执的时候不关心朋友或者“责备”朋友，友谊不会长久，“blame”意思是“责备”，故选C。 (2)题解析： 篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章第①段提出建立持久友谊不容易，第②③④段分别从谨慎交友、维护友谊、不依赖礼物等方面给出建议，第⑤段总结珍惜朋友，属于“总—分—总”结构。故选D。 (3)题解析： 最佳标题题。根据文章开头“it is not easy to build a lasting friendship”及后文三条交友建议，可知核心是围绕“如何建立持久友谊”展开，所以“How to build a lasting friendship?”作为标题最合适，故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中）In some places of Kenya, most children want to go to school. But there are no roads, only deserts. Cars are of no use and only camels can travel across the desert. So children usually learn from the books that camels carry on their backs. Usually in a camel team, one camel carries about 180 kilos of books, and the other carries a tent (帐篷). At each place, a worker sets up the tent and puts the books inside for people to read. Two weeks later, the camels come back to the tent with new books. Some people in Thailand live in the mountains and the jungles (丛林). Their libraries are on the backs of elephants. These big animals can work well along the way. They carry heavy books in metal (金属) boxes. The boxes protect the books from the heavy rain. In Indonesia, there are over 17,000 islands around the country. Most people travel by boat, and their library books are delivered in the same way. ________ People on the islands keep these books for a few weeks before new books arrive. Now, some areas have also introduced more convenient (便利的) ways like solar-powered (太阳能的) cars or drones (无人机) to transport books. But for people who live far away and can’t get to the library, a mobile library brings more than books. It also brings a new world. 1.Why do some people use camels to carry library books in Kenya? A. Because there are no cars. B. Because there are few workers. C. Because they can travel across the deserts. D. Because they can carry more books. 2.How do the people in Thailand protect books from the heavy rain? A. By putting books in metal boxes. B. By covering books with thick plastic. C. By building new libraries in the mountains. D. By setting up a tent and putting books inside. 3.Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 3? A. There are many books in their libraries. B. A wooden boat can carry about 500 library books. C. The libraries help the local people make a living. D. It’s hard to build a library on these islands. 4.What is the main idea of this passage? A. Everyone can make a change to the world. B. We should work together to protect animals. C. A mobile library is important for the people in some areas. D. People should travel more to know about different cultures. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在肯尼亚、泰国和印度尼西亚等地区，由于地理环境特殊，人们采用骆驼、大象和船等特殊方式运输图书，为偏远地区的人们提供阅读资源，同时提到现在一些地区也引入了更便利的运输方式，强调了移动图书馆对这些地区人们的重要性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But there are no roads, only deserts. Cars are of no use and only camels can travel across the desert.”可知，在肯尼亚的一些地方，没有道路，只有沙漠，汽车没用，只有骆驼能穿越沙漠，所以人们用骆驼来运送图书馆的书籍。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They carry heavy books in metal (金属) boxes. The boxes protect the books from the heavy rain.”可知，在泰国，人们把沉重的书放在金属盒子里，这些盒子能保护书免受大雨的侵袭。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most people travel by boat, and their library books are delivered in the same way.”可知，在印度尼西亚，大多数人乘船旅行，他们的图书馆书籍也是以同样的方式运送的，所以空白处应与船运送书籍相关。选项B“一艘木船大约可以运载500本图书馆的书籍”符合语境。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“But for people who live far away and can’t get to the library, a mobile library brings more than books. It also brings a new world.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了在一些特殊地区，人们采用特殊方式运输图书，为偏远地区的人们提供阅读资源，强调了移动图书馆对这些地区人们的重要性。故选C。 主题语境03 人与社会-艺术 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中） Xunpu has become popular online after several stars shared photos of themselves wearing a kind of local headwear called Zanhuawei (簪花围). Xunpu is a small fishing village near the city of Quanzhou in Fujian Province. Zanhuawei is a kind of flower headwear worn by local women, known as “the garden on the head”. It is an important part of Xunpu women’s dress culture. An old saying in Xunpu goes, “Put flowers in your hair in this life, and you’ll also be pretty in the afterlife.” The tradition of wearing flowers has been part of Xunpu women’s lives since the Tang Dynasty. Xunpu is famous for its excellent seafood. When women sell their seafood at the local market, they wear flowers in their hair so buyers can easily distinguish them from sellers from nearby villages. Xunpu women are known for being hard-working, warm-hearted and brave. They usually wear seasonal (季节性的) flowers and often give them to others as gifts on big days. Local people often say, “When Xunpu women put a zanhua on their heads, they express their wish for happiness, and the flowers are seen as a symbol of hope.” Zanhuawei was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. 1.Which of the following about Zanhuawei is TRUE according to the passage? A. It is only worn by young women in Xunpu on holidays. B. It is often called “the garden on the head”. C. It is worn to help with fishing in the sea. D. It became a national intangible cultural heritage in 2018. 2.What can we infer（推断） from the passage about Xunpu women? A. They wear flowers mainly for personal decoration. B. They started wearing flowers to become famous online. C. Their flower headwear is closely connected to their daily life and wishes. D. They don’t like to sell seafood. 3.What does the underlined word “distinguish” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. 区分 B. 模仿 C. 装饰 D. 注意 4.Which is the best title for the passage? A. The Seafood of Xunpu Village B. The Hard-working Women of Fujian C. How to Wear Flowers in Your Hair D. Zanhuawei: A Beautiful Tradition of Xunpu Women 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了福建泉州浔埔村的“簪花围”头饰，包括其文化意义、历史渊源以及与当地女性生活的关联。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Zanhuawei is a kind of flower headwear worn by local women, known as ‘the garden on the head’.” 可知，“簪花围”常被称为“头上的花园”。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。从文中可知，浔埔女性卖海鲜时戴花以便买家区分，且簪花表达对幸福的期许，说明其头饰与日常生活和愿望紧密相连。故选C。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“When women sell their seafood at the local market, they wear flowers in their hair so buyers can easily distinguish them from sellers from nearby villages.”可知，女性戴花是为了让买家容易把她们和附近村庄的卖家区分开，“distinguish”意为“区分”。故选A。 (4)题解析： 最佳标题题。文章围绕浔埔女性的“簪花围”传统展开，介绍其文化、意义等，D选项“簪花围：浔埔女性的美丽传统”最能概括主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 主题语境04 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中）“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are of great importance in our lives. They always help us and bring us joy. Poems can show us the beauty of friendship. Let’s read two classical (经典的) Chinese poems about saying goodbye to friends. To Wang Lun（By Li Bai） I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go, When suddenly on shore your farewell songs overflow. However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) may be, It is not so deep, O Wang Lun, as your love for me. Seeing Yuan the Second off to the Northwest Frontier（By Wang Wei） No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain, The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again, West of the Sunny Pass no more friends will be seen. Both poems are about the sadness of parting (分别) from friends. Li Bai uses a deep lake to describe his friend’s deeper love. Wang Wei paints a quiet rainy scene and asks his friend to have one more drink because there will be no old friends after the journey. The language is simple, but the feelings are strong and sincere. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By using a famous saying. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指的是)? A. The ship. B. Wang Lun’s love. C. Li Bai’s love. D. The lake. 3.Why did the writer write this passage? A. To tell the life stories of two poets. B. To introduce two poems about parting from friends. C. To teach how to write a poem. D. To explain Chinese culture. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要通过两首古诗展现离别友情。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”可知，通过名言引入话题。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms may be, It is not so deep ...” 可知， “It” 指代前一句的主语 “the Lake of Peach Blossoms”。后文通过对比强调“潭水不如汪伦的情谊深”。故选D。 (3)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“Let’s read two classical Chinese poems about saying goodbye to friends”可知，文章具体分析了两首诗的离别情感。故选B。 主题语境05 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）In recent years, the word “involution (内卷)” has become very popular. It describes a situation where people have to work or study hard just to stay in the same place or to get a slight advantage (优势). Take students for example. They face serious competition. They not only have to do much homework every day, but also need to take different after-school classes. They always try to get better grades than their classmates. Some students even stay up late to study, without caring about their health. This kind of non-stop competition among students is a typical character of involution. In the workplace, it’s the same story. People have to work longer hours and take on more work. They always want to be better than others. They are afraid of losing their jobs if they don’t work hard. The pressure makes them feel very tired. This is also an example of involution. Businesses are not immune (免疫的) to it either. Companies (公司) try hard to improve their market share. However, sometimes the products or services they offer are similar, and they are just competing for a small number of customers (顾客). This kind of involution is typical in the business world. Involution has both good and bad sides. On the one hand, it can make people improve their abilities. On the other hand, it may cause people to feel too stressed and lose their love for life. So we should try to find a good way of making the most of its advantages and reducing its disadvantages (减少它的不利之处). 1.How does the writer start the text? A. By giving examples. B. By telling a story. C. By explaining a word. D. By showing some reasons. 2.What’s the common result of involution at school and at work? A. People take more breaks. B. People feel more stressed and tired. C. People improve their teamwork skills. D. People become more creative and relaxed. 3.What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards involution? A. He thinks people should stop it. B. He advises people to use it well. C. He is not sure about its effect (影响). D. He thinks it’s necessary for development. 4.Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了“内卷”这一现象，包括其定义、在不同领域（学生、职场、商业）中的表现、利弊以及作者对待内卷的态度和建议。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“In recent years, the word ‘involution (内卷)’ has become very popular. It describes a situation where people have to work or study hard just to stay in the same place or to get a slight advantage (优势).”可知，作者通过解释“内卷”这个词来开始这篇文章。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Take students for example. They face serious competition...Some students even stay up late to study, without caring about their health.”以及“In the workplace, it’s the same story...The pressure makes them feel very tired.”可知，在学校和职场中，内卷的共同结果是人们感到更有压力和疲惫。故选B。 (3)题解析： 观点态度题。根据“Involution has both good and bad sides. On the one hand, it can make people improve their abilities. On the other hand, it may cause people to feel too stressed and lose their love for life. So we should try to find a good way of making the most of its advantages and reducing its disadvantages (减少它的不利之处).”可知，作者认为内卷既有好处也有坏处，建议人们好好利用它。故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章首先解释了“内卷”这个词的含义，然后分别从学生、职场和商业三个角度举例说明了内卷的现象，最后分析了内卷的利弊，并提出了对待内卷的态度和建议。因此，文章的结构是总分总。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中）Now students’ English handwriting gets worse. That makes their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful? If not, here are some tips. Use paper with lines. When you write in English, try to use paper with lines, which can help keep your writing straight and your letters the same size. Remember to write between the lines and make capital letters clear. Slow down. If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down. Writing too fast can lead to mistakes. If you take your time, your words will be neater. Hold your pen right. When you hold your pen in the correct way, writing is much better. Try to be relaxed and don’t hold the pen so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean. If you do so, people will guess you are a student with a good habit. Draw more pictures. Drawing can also help your handwriting. While you are drawing pictures, you need to use the skills to control your pen better. You may not draw much in class, but you can always practise at home. Handwriting is important. Imagine you are a famous star—your fans will want your autograph (亲笔签名)! So start improving your handwriting today. 1.How many suggestions are mentioned to make your handwriting beautiful? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2.What might happen if you hold your pen too hard? A. Your writing will become clearer. B. Your hand will feel relaxed. C. Your writing may not be clean and nice. D. You will write faster. 3.Where can you probably read this passage? A. In a dictionary. B. In a guidebook. C. In a newspaper. D. On an English learning website. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，针对学生英语书写变差的问题，给出了四条改进建议，强调书写的重要性，鼓励大家从现在开始提升英语书写水平。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。文章提到的改进英语书写的建议分别是：使用带横线的纸、放慢书写速度、正确握笔、多画画，共四条。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Try to be relaxed and don’t hold the pen so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean.”可知，放松握笔能让书写整洁美观，反之，握笔太用力可能会导致书写不够干净美观。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。文章围绕“改进英语书写”展开，属于英语学习相关内容，最可能出现在英语学习网站上。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文&议论文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·安徽安庆四中·期中）The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge (花江峡谷大桥) is one of the most amazing bridges in China. It is located in the mountainous Guizhou Province, which is famous for its deep valleys and rivers. Building bridges here is very difficult but necessary to connect cities and improve people’s lives. Completed on September 28th, 2025, the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge. This means it has tall towers that support the road with strong cables. The bridge stretches (延展) an impressive 1,280 meters across the deep Huajiang Canyon. What makes it special is its main span (跨度)—the part between the two towers—which is 720 meters long. This design was a great challenge (挑战) for the engineers. Though the builders used advanced technology, they worked in tough conditions. They had to deal with strong winds and the great height. Building this bridge helped to shorten the travel time between two important towns from several hours to just a few minutes. This makes it easier for people to travel, do business, and get supplies. The Huajiang Canyon Bridge is not just useful; it is also a beautiful sight. It stands as a symbol of modern engineering and human creativity, showing that we can overcome natural challenges to build a better future. 1.What type of bridge is the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge? A. A stone bridge B. A wooden bridge C. A cable-stayed bridge D. A suspension bridge 2.How does the bridge change travel for local people? A. It makes travel more expensive. B. It shortens the travel time significantly. C. It makes travel more difficult. D. It doesn’t change anything about travel. 3.Which one was not a natural challenge the builders faced while building the bridge? A. They had to deal with strong winds. B. They worked at a great height. C. They worked in tough conditions. D. They used advanced technology. 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·安徽六安九中·期中）I’m a student from Xuchang, Henan. When people talk about Xuchang, many of them will think of Pangdonglai Supermarket. With a history of over 20 years, Pangdonglai Supermarket is a symbol of Xuchang. Almost all the people here know and love it. Some of you may ask why Pangdonglai Supermarket is so popular. One of the reasons is that the things there are cheap. People can find everything they need at good prices. If the thing you bought gets cheaper a few days later, the workers there will call you and refund (退还) you the money you overpaid. Pangdonglai Supermarket is also famous for its excellent service (服务). The workers there are very friendly and always ready to help people. They put some magnifiers (放大镜) next to the things they sell to help the old to see them clearly. You can have a meal there as well as going shopping. I enjoy eating there with my friends on Saturday afternoons. All in all, with its cheap things and good service, Pangdonglai Supermarket wins the hearts of many people. 1.Pangdonglai Supermarket has a history of ________ . A. less than 5 years B. less than 10 years C. more than 20 years D. more than 25 years 2.In the third paragraph, the writer mainly talks about Pangdonglai’s ________. A. symbol B. service C. workers D. magnifiers 3.What is the structure of the passage? A. ①—②③④ B. ①②—③④ C. ①②③—④ D. ①—②③—④ 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽合肥蜀山区琥珀教育集团·期中）Which is your favourite flavour (口味) of cakes? It might say something about your personality (性格). Vanilla (香草) Chocolate Green tea You always listen to other people’s ideas. You also enjoy being with your family. You want to be a popular student. You like going out and talking with other people. You believe in yourself and have many good habits. 1.What can different flavours of cakes tell us about a person? A. Height. B. Personality. C. Job. D. Dream. 2.Tom has lots of good habits, so he might like ________. A. green tea cakes B. chocolate cakes C. vanilla cakes D. strawberry cakes 3.We can read this text in a ________. A. history book B. news report C. magazine D. story book Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆石化一中·期中）Have you ever looked at your cat and thought, “Do you know who I am?” Scientists in Japan wanted to see if cats know what their owners smell like. Scientists in Tokyo worked with thirty house cats. They put three plastic tubes (塑料软管) in front of each cat. Inside the first tube was a stick (棍) with the owner’s scent (气味). Inside the second tube was a stick with the scent of a stranger. The last tube held a clean stick with no scent at all. The cats were free to smell each tube. Most cats spent more time smelling the stick with the stranger’s scent than the other two sticks. This shows this: The cats knew that the smell was new, and not from anyone familiar. Cats often use smell and scents to know and communicate with other cats. And in earlier studies, baby cats also smelt strange mother cats longer than they smelt their own mothers. So cats notice what’s new, and take their time finding it out. After smelling the sticks, some cats rubbed (摩擦) their faces on the tubes. This is a marking action, and means the cats were marking the tubes with their own scent. So what does this tell us? _______ However, the researchers say they still don’t know if cats can know people just by smell. For now, your cat might not know it’s you by your smell alone—but they do know you’re not a stranger! 1.Why did the cats spend more time on the stick with a stranger’s scent? A. They thought there was much food. B. The stranger’s scent was similar to their owners’. C. They noticed the smell was new and wanted to learn more about it. D. There was something wrong with their noses after they smelt the other sticks. 2.Which of the following can we put back into the blank “_____”? A. Cats have no ability to know different smells at all. B. Cats can know people quickly by using only one sense. C. Cats are only interested in the smell of their owners. D. Cats can tell the difference between familiar and unfamiliar smells. 3.What can we infer from the text? A. The cats spent the least time smelling the clean stick. B. The scientists may do more studies on cats in the future. C. The smell of the stranger made the cats feel afraid and run away. D. The clean stick was used to show cats have a good sense of smell. 4.In which part of a newspaper can we find the text? A. Sports&Health. B. People&Health. C. Food&Culture. D. Science&Nature. 主题语境04 人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽安庆石化一中·期中）In our modern world, it seems that everyone is very busy all the time. Parents are often working very hard at their jobs, and children are usually busy with a lot of homework and many after-school activities. Because of this busy lifestyle, many families are spending less and less quality time together. However, I strongly believe that spending regular time with one’s family is very important for many different reasons. First of all, spending time together as a family helps to build strong and healthy relationships. When families eat dinner together, talk about their daily experiences, or play games, they communicate more and understand each other much better. This kind of interaction (互动) creates a loving and supportive environment at home so that family members are always ready to help each other. For children, knowing that their parents are always there for them provides a deep sense of safety and happiness, which is necessary for their growth. Second, your family is there to help you through hard times. When you face difficulties, such as problems at school or with friends, your family can offer good advice and help you find solutions. Sharing your worries with people who truly care about you can make you feel supported and less alone. Of course, finding free time can be hard for busy families. But it is important to remember that family time does not have to be a long or complicated activity. Even a short walk together in the park or helping to prepare a meal at home can be very valuable. The most important thing is to put away distractions like mobile phones and really focus on being with each other. 1.How does the writer lead into the topic in the first paragraph? A. By telling an interesting story of his family. B. By talking about a problem people have today. C. By asking readers about their own family life. D. By showing what is good for family time. 2.What is the writer’s advice for families? A. They should have long holidays together. B. Parents should stop working to be with children. C. Children should do more after-school activities. D. They should put away phones during family time. 3.What is the main idea of the passage? A. Why family time is important. B. How to have after-school activities. C. Why parents are always busy. D. How to use mobile phones less. Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽阜阳一中·期中）Some people think that labour (劳动) is hard and tiring. But I think labour is sweet and happy. This is because I know the meaning of labour. Labour is like a sweet cake. It makes you feel happy after doing hard and tiring jobs. Labour is also like bitter (苦的) fruit that makes you sad. Labour makes everything. No matter (无论) how poor a hard-working man is, he will have a rich day. No matter how rich a lazy man is, he will be poor one day. Labour brings us clothes, food and houses. We should always keep these words in mind. Labour makes a successful person. Lao She said, “If you don’t work, even your flower cannot live. It shows the meaning of labour.” A man also said, “Working hard is the key to making money. So labour is the most glorious (光荣的) matter in the world.” The fun of labour is endless. When you use labour to do a good job for yourself or for others, your heart must be sweeter than honey. Then you can feel the joy of labour. People like to make friends with those hard-working people. Labour is great. We should work hard to make our life meaningful. 1.What does the writer really think of labour? A. Hard. B. Sweet. C. Tiring. D. Lucky. 2.Why is labour sometimes like bitter fruit? A. Because it makes people unhappy. B. Because it gets people hurt. C. Because it gives difficult jobs. D. Because it brings bad things. 3.What can we learn from Lao She’s words? A. Enough labour can bring us enough money. B. Good luck can make a lazy person rich. C. Being hard-working can make our life better. D. Poor life can make a person work harder. 主题语境05 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽六安九中·期中）Plants are amazing living things. They can grow in many different places, from hot deserts to cold mountains. There are more than 300,000 kinds of plants in the world. Most plants have three main parts: roots, stems and leaves. Roots grow under the ground. They take water and nutrients from the soil. Stems hold the plants up and carry water and nutrients to the leaves. Leaves use sunlight to make food for the plants. Some plants have flowers. Flowers come in different colors, like red, yellow and purple. After flowers bloom, they often turn into fruits. Fruits have seeds inside them. When the fruits fall to the ground, the seeds can grow into new plants. But some plants are in danger. People cut down trees to build houses and farms. Pollution also hurts plants. We need to protect plants because they give us oxygen, food and many other useful things. 1.How many kinds of plants are there in the world? A. Less than 30,000. B. More than 30,000,000. C. Less than 300,000. D. More than 300,000. 2.Why do people cut down trees? A. To protect plants. B. To build houses and farms. C. To grow flowers. D. To make food. 3.Why do we need to protect plants? A. Because they are beautiful. B. Because they give us oxygen, food and other useful things. C. Because they can grow in deserts. D. Because they have flowers. Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆四中·期中）Every year on October 4th the world comes together for the well-being (福祉) of animals everywhere. This is World Animal Day. Starting in 1925, the yearly event has become a special chance for everyone who cares about animals to make a difference. In 2021, the theme was “A Shared Planet”. “As we share this Earth with all living things, we can truly make a difference for all animals!” wrote the event’s website. In the past ten years, China has done much to improve the well-being of domestic (驯养的) and wild animals. The protection of Asian elephants is a good example. Asian elephants have become endangered because some people hunt them for their ivory (象牙). Asian elephants in China are mostly in Yunnan Province. These wild animals sometimes eat local farmers’ crops. The government has been trying to create a more harmonious relationship between the local people and wildlife. For example, they make rules to stop the ivory trade. With World Animal Day around the corner, we all can think of more ways to better protect our wild friends. Let’s take action together! 1.What does the underlined word “harmonious” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Serious. B. Friendly. C. Awful. D. Nervous. 2.Why have Asian elephants become endangered according to the passage? A. Because people caught them for shows. B. Because people hunted them to make medicine. C. Because people hunted them for ivory. D. Because people kept them as pets. 3.What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To ask people to better protect wild animals. B. To tell people to protect local farmers’ crops. C. To tell people how to care about Asian elephants. D. To tell people just to know about World Animal Day. Passage 3 （25-26八上·安徽安庆石化一中·期中）Plants give us food, clothes and oxygen (氧气). There are over 335,000 kinds of plants in the world. Many plants have six parts. In fact, all living things have life cycles (周期). During the growth of plants, each part has its own job to do. Let’s learn together. A plant’s life cycle begins with seeds. Seeds come in many shapes and sizes. When seeds are in the earth, they will grow into plants over time. The roots of a plant usually grow underground. They take in nutrients (养分) and absorb (吸收) water from the earth. The stem grows up from the roots and helps the plant to stand. It stores nutrients and transports (传送) water to other parts of the plant. Leaves grow out of the stem. The leaves collect sunlight and CO₂ during the day, and these things are converted (转化) into sugar and oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). Many flowers are colourful. They help the plant to make seeds. Some plants grow fruits that have seeds in them, such as apples and corn. These are all fruits of plants. 1.What do plants bring us according to the text? ①Food. ② Clothes. ③Money. ④Oxygen. ⑤Sunlight. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②④ D. ②④⑤ 2.What does a plant’s life cycle begin with? A. B. C. D. 3.What is the main job of leaves? A. They carry out photosynthesis. B. They transport water to other parts of plants. C. They make seeds for plants. D. They grow fruits for people to eat. 主题语境01 人与社会-文化 （25-26八上·安徽合肥三十八中·期中）The Chinese pingfeng, a folding (折叠) screen, is an old invention and traditional Chinese furniture. Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens a dragon usually appears. It stands for nobility (高贵) and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol (象征) of everlasting (永久的) life. Beautiful flowers mean good luck. Lots of people like to choose them as a popular design of the pingfeng. All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes. Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story. In the past, the unmarried daughter of a rich family couldn’t be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close cousins. When an admirer (仰慕者) paid a visit, however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were glad with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to marry him. Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, and it adds style to them. The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture. 1.What did people use the pingfeng for at the very beginning? A. Hiding a person. B. Protecting people from wind. C. Dividing a room. D. Decorating a room. 2.Which design stands for good luck? A. The dragon. B. The peacock. C. The beautiful bird. D. The beautiful flowers. 3.How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A. By telling a story. B. By asking and answering questions. C. By telling differences. D. By giving examples. 4.What does the writer think of the pingfeng? A. It is of no practical use at all now. B. It is not just used as furniture. C. It is not popular anymore. D. It won’t be used in the future 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·安徽合肥四十五中·期中）A study shows that almost half of all people say that they are shy. Some people are not shy when they are with their friends. But when they are in a new environment, they become afraid. For other people, shyness can be a problem. They become so worried that they cannot speak in front of people. But why are some people shy? Scientists once did a study on two-month-old babies. They found that of every five babies, one was very outgoing. This kind of baby liked to make sounds. And one of every five babies was always quiet. These babies might be shy when they grew up. Family affects (影响) shyness. Studies show that children who are shy usually have parents that have fewer friends and fewer family activities. People who are outgoing are sometimes more successful. But sometimes shyness can be a good thing. Shy people are often very good at listening. They are good friends because they listen more than they talk. This can also make them successful. 1.What does the underlined word “environment” mean? A. The people and things that are around you in your life. B. The word that people use to describe a person. C. The money that people use to pay for a thing. D. The food that many people like. 2.How does the writer start the text? A. By giving an example. B. By showing the results of a study. C. By showing pictures. D. By asking a question. 3.What can we know from the text? A. Shy children’s parents usually have more friends. B. Outgoing people are often very good at listening. C. Shy people are usually more successful. D. Some people aren’t shy when they are with their friends. 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽合肥三十八中·期中）On August 14, 2025, Beijing hosted the world’s first Humanoid Robot Games (首届人形机器人运动会) at the National Speed Skating Oval, also known as the “Ice Ribbon”. Over 500 robots from 16 countries formed 280 teams to take part in sports, dances, and practical tasks during the three-day event. The opening ceremony (开幕式) amazed the audience with robots dancing hip-hop, performing martial arts, and playing instruments like keyboards. In a futuristic fashion show, robots modeled clothes with humans, though one fell and needed help. Teams from top universities (like Tsinghua University and Peking University) and companies joined the international event. A Chinese official said every robot was “making history.” Though robots sometimes made mistakes, the events aimed to improve technology through practice. The Games show China’s progress in AI robotics and give us a look at a future where humans and machines work together. 1.Where was the world’s first Humanoid Robot Games? A. A famous soccer stadium in Beijing. B. The National Speed Skating Oval (“Ice Ribbon”). C. A large hall in Tsinghua University. D. An international exhibition center in China. 2.Which of the following is NOT included in the opening ceremony? A. Robots dancing hip-hop. B. Robots playing the keyboard. C. A futuristic robot-human fashion show. D. Robots sorting hospital medicines. 3.What is the main aim of holding the Humanoid Robot Games? A. To entertain the audience with robot shows. B. To help robots win more competitions worldwide. C. To improve robotics technology through practice. D. To show China’s leading position in AI technology. Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）Electric cars may seem like recent inventions, but actually, they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than there were gas-powered (汽油驱动的) ones. At that time, gas was expensive compared with other energies (能源). Once gas prices dropped and new technologies were developed, electric cars were out of date. During the 20th century, gas-powered cars got bigger, heavier and faster. They needed more fuel (燃料), which led to more air pollution. For years, car makers didn’t worry about pollution. But as oil became less and less available, customers asked the car makers to produce more useful and less polluting cars. One way was a “hybrid” car, one that ran partly on gas and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s when gas prices rose faster and car makers made the fuel cars more affordable. An all-electric car uses no gas. The problem, though, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged. That makes electric cars not so useful for long journeys. The government and car makers are working together to develop safe, inexpensive, and useful electric cars. When people have these cars in the future, gas stations may be a thing of the past. 1.In the early 1900s, there were more ________ on the road than gas-powered ones. A. electric cars B. hybrid cars C. polluting cars D. fuel cars 2.When did gas-powered cars get bigger, heavier and faster? A. In the 1800s. B. In the early 1900s. C. During the 20th century. D. In the 2000s. 3.Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because ________. A. gas prices rose faster and they were more affordable B. car makers didn’t worry about pollution C. oil became more and more D. new technologies were developed Passage 3 （25-26八上·安徽合肥四十五中·期中）Do you want to take the flying taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car? Air taxis are taking a big step now. In June, a company called Joby Aviation tested their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. Joby says their taxis are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters (直升机). The air taxi will be flown by a pilot and can carry four other people. It can fly as fast as 320 kilometres per hour and can go around 160 kilometres before it needs to be recharged (充电). Joby thinks they will start carrying people for money by 2025. They expect to charge (收费) about 1 per mile. This makes it easy for many people to fly. Joby also expects their air taxi can give a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when and how these taxis can fly. Although the idea of flying taxi is exciting, some people have worries about the flying taxis. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to the skies. Some people think that only rich people will be able to use them in the future. 1.How many people in all can the air taxi carry at one time? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 2.What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A. The company. B. The helicopter. C. The pilot. D. The air taxi. 3.What is Joby’s future plan? A. To increase the price of the flying taxi. B. To make the flying taxi go around 160 kilometers per hour. C. To build the world’s first and best flying taxi. D. To offer a ride-sharing service in the sky. 主题语境04 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·安徽马鞍山八中·期中）Some students think it difficult to learn English well. That’s because they don’t find the right way. I think reading is very important for students. The more you read, the better you’ll understand. Reading is helpful to listening, speaking and writing. If you often read English aloud, you’ll improve your listening. On the other hand, listening a lot can help you to read better. Reading English everywhere when you are free, if you wish. You can get a lot of knowledge when you read. Sometimes you need to express your ideas, you can either speak or write. That means you are using what you learned from reading. The same as Chinese, the more you read, the better you can write. If you want to remember something, you should read again and again. So from now on, you’d better do more reading. It’s a good way to learn English well. 1.Some students think it difficult to learn English well because ________. A. they don’t work hard B. they are afraid of English C. they don’t find the right way D. they aren’t clever 2.Reading is helpful to ________. A. speaking B. listening C. writing D. A, B and C 3.The writer thinks ________ is a good way to learn English well. A. the better you write B. doing more reading C. the more you remember D. the more you write 4.In Chinese studying, the more you read, ________. A. the better you speak B. the better you write C. the more you remember D. the more you write 5.The title of this passage may be ________. A. English is important B. Reading is helpful C. English is difficult D. Reading is important 主题语境05 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·安徽合肥蜀山区琥珀教育集团·期中）At times, people want to look a bit more like someone else. However, you are all different in your own way. Accepting who you are can help you feel happier and more positive about yourself. Self-acceptance (自我接纳) means appreciating (欣赏) what you’re good at, like sports, science or music. It’s a habit about being kind to yourself even when you make a mistake. In other words, just accept who you are no matter what other people say or think. When you accept who you are, you feel happier and more confident. Otherwise, we may forget about the little things that make us special. However, how to be self-accepting? Start by making a list of all the things you like about yourself. Maybe you’re good at cooking. Ask your friends for help. Also, try saying kind, positive things to yourself in a mirror every morning. Think up ways to treat yourself, like taking a long bath or watching your favorite film. It’s also important to look after yourself by eating healthy food and getting plenty of sleep. 1.Self-acceptance can make us ________ according to the passage. A. become more confident B. appear more perfect C. meet others’ standards D. overcome our weaknesses 2.Which paragraph mainly talks about the ways of self-acceptance? A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4. 3.What can we learn from the passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Where there is love, there is life C. You are imperfect, but you are beautiful. D. Don’t let yesterday take up too much of today 主题语境06 人与自我-学校活动 It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are two fun team activities. Activity 1: Water Relay (接力赛) Tools ● Two large buckets (水桶) to hold water ● One small bucket for each team member Instructions ● Fill one large bucket with water. ● Make holes in the bottom of the small buckets. ● Have the team members line up between the two large buckets. ● Pass the water from one large bucket to the other, using small buckets. Try to keep as much water as possible. Why It’s Fun ● It’s fun to workout away to lose as little water as possible. ● It’s water. Isn’t it fun to get you wet on a hot summer day? Activity 2: Truth and Lie This activity will allow team members to learn about each other. Instructions ● Have each team member think of three pieces of information about themselves, and one of them is a lie. ● Each team member tells the group all the three pieces of information. Let the other team members guess which is the lie. Why It’s Fun ● Students love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so. ● Members can learn about each other. ● Members will be surprised at what others think of them. 1.How many team skills does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 2.What tools are needed for each team in Water Relay? A. One large bucket for each member. B. Two large buckets for each member. C. One small bucket for each member and two large buckets. D. Two small buckets for each member and one large bucket. 3.In order to win Water Relay, the team members should ________. A. get themselves wet B. lose as little water as possible C. pass the water as slowly as possible D. pass the large bucket to the other team 4.It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can ________. A. talk about themselves B. share love with each other C. tell lies to surprise others D. learn all the information about others 5.This passage is most probably from ________. A. a science book B. a travel guide C. a news website D. a school magazine 主题语境07 人与自我-感情与情绪 （25-26八上·安徽阜阳一中·期中）Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work, or when your best friend does not wait for you after school? If you do, you need to take control (控制) of your feelings and stop getting angry so easily. Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends. Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, has written My Feelings Are Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings. It tells teenagers how to stay cool when bad things happen to them. The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. It can never make them better. “Getting angry is not a natural way to act,” the book says. It is just a bad habit, like smoking. The book says you can control your anger easily. All you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry. When a baby falls over, he only cries if people are watching him. Like a baby, you should only get angry if you are sure it is the right time to do so. The book gives many tips (提示) to help you if you get angry easily. Here are the top three. * Keep a record (记录). Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. * Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. * Do something different. When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1.How does the writer start the text? A. By telling stories. B. By asking questions. C. By telling facts. D. By using old sayings. 2.Where does Gary Egeberg come from? A. Canada. B. America. C. China. D. Australia. 3.What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A. Getting angry. B. Controlling feelings. C. Smoking. D. Staying cool. 4.What’s the purpose of the text? A. To tell us to help each other. B. To tell us to work hard at school. C. To tell us to do more exercise. D. To tell us not to get angry easily. 主题语境08 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽阜阳一中·期中）Parents love us best in the world. As children, we should do something to show our love for them. Here are a few of my ways. Make a card. You may think making a card is a little thing, and most of you may never try it. My parents keep all the cards from me. They say the cards are treasures to them. So why not make a card for your parents? Clean up the room. My dad and mum are busy every day. They need to work and do housework. All these things make them tired, so I always keep my room clean and tidy. How about you? Do you often clean your room? Make a meal. Parents are tired after a day’s work. Making dinner for them can give them a break. I am too young to do it by myself, so I ask my sister to help me cook. Say sorry and thanks. If I do something wrong, I will say sorry to them. If I do that, they will know how I feel. After they do a thing for me, I always say thanks. I can also do something else for them to show I am sorry or I’m thankful, like writing a letter and drawing pictures. I think you can give it a try, too. 1.Who is the passage for? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Students. D. Friends. 2.Which is the best structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 3.What’s the best title for the passage? A. Best gifts for parents B. Interesting things to do with children C. Ways to show our love D. Places to have fun with family members Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽安庆四中·期中）What do you think of getting your kids to help with housework? I think it’s a good thing. It not only keeps your home cleaner, but also teaches your kids skills. It will be helpful to them in the future. How can you make your kids do housework? Here are some ideas. Start the housework with them. Parents often make a common mistake. They expect their kids to know how to do housework themselves. Picking their toys up may seem like a job at first. However, your kids may not understand how to put them away. What should you do? Instead of scolding (责骂) them, try saying if they need help. Help them start the work, and then let them finish it. Everyone needs to have a sense of responsibility (责任感). When teaching kids to do chores, an important thing is to tell them that doing housework is everyone’s job. It’s very important to give kids the right housework. A difficult job may make your kids easily give up, while a very easy job may cause your kids to feel bored soon. Make doing housework become a good habit. From an early age, you need to teach your kids the importance of doing housework at home. Little by little, kids will understand their responsibilities of keeping their homes clean. Finally, doing housework will become a habit. 1.What is very important according to Paragraph 3? A. Telling kids not to give up. B. Giving kids easy jobs. C. Letting kids finish quickly. D. Giving kids proper (合适的) housework. 2.Why do people need to teach their kids the importance of doing housework from an early age? A. Because their kids will keep the habit later. B. Because their kids will listen to them carefully. C. Because their kids will be more independent (独立的). D. Because their kids will be more interested in housework. 3.What’s the structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1) A. B. C. D. 4.What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text? A. To encourage kids to choose housework they like. B. To show the difficulties kids face in doing housework. C. To give parents advice on getting their kids to do housework. D. To show parents the importance of doing housework themselves. Passage 3 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）People must meet all kinds of problems throughout their lives. We always have to make certain choices. But sometimes, the right choice can be difficult to make. So it is natural that people may ask their family and friends for help. But I think the most important decisions should be made on your own. Normally, people would usually consider a certain choice by considering how much it can be helpful for them. In fact, it is natural, too. Most of the time, they’re choosing for themselves, not for anyone else. So if we ask others for help, we may be led sideways (偏地) by those who think differently. Second, when people ask others for advice, they will probably hear many different ideas. What others see as being necessary may not be equally important to the person who needs help. It is because different people have different thoughts. This could result in a difficult situation where someone might feel confused (困惑的). On the contrary (相反), if a person considers a problem on his or her own, he or she can stay peaceful and think about the advantages and drawbacks of each decision. We know ourselves better than anyone else, after all. If we choose on our own, the final choice will probably be reasonable. I think trying to make choices on one’s own is better than depending on others. 1.When people meet problems, it is very ________ for them to ask for help. A. impossible B. simple C. natural D. important 2.The underlined word “drawbacks” means ________. A. 缺点 B. 困难 C. 选择 D. 兴趣 3.What is the best title for this text? A. Depend on Yourself for Big Decisions B. Advantages and Drawbacks of Each Decision C. The Different Thoughts of Different People D. Don’t Depend on Your Parents or Others 主题语境09 人与自然-动物与植物 Some animals are the most dangerous animals in the world. However, most of them are also in danger. Great White Sharks (大白鲨) The great white sharks are famous for their size and their sharp teeth. These allow them to catch more food, like fish. People call them the king of the sea. They are white and black. The adult (成年的) sharks can be 4~5.2 m and 680~1,100 kg. Polar Bears (北极熊) The adult polar bears can be 350~700 kg. They are all white and full of thick fur   (厚厚的皮毛). Their fur can protect them from water. Although most polar bears are born on land, they spend most of their time in the sea. Poison Dart Frogs (箭毒蛙) Poison dart frogs live in South America. They often have beautiful colours. Most of them are small, sometimes less than 1.5 cm. A poison dart frog has enough poison to stop the heart of a large animal from beating. The poison is on their skin (皮肤), so don’t touch them. 1.What are the great white sharks famous for? A. Their big eyes. B. Their living places. C. Their size and sharp teeth. D. Their beautiful colours. 2.The adult polar bears can be around ________. A. 400kg B. 900kg C. 1,000kg D. 1,100kg 3.Where can you probably find the text? A. In a history book. B. In a science magazine. C. In a storybook. D. In a fashion magazine. 主题语境10 人与自然-宇宙 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）Will falling parts from a broken rocket (火箭) hit you on the head? In the past, that seemed impossible. However, that is changing. Scientists warn that falling rocket parts could hurt people in the next ten years. Research shows that this is because more countries are sending more rockets into space. Therefore, space is becoming congested (拥挤的). In 2024, there were 259 successful rocket launches (发射). That was a record number. And it is likely that the world will continue to break the record this year. A Canadian study found more than 60% of rockets are left in space after they complete their tasks. These rockets may circle the earth for years before they fall. Scientists found out that rocket parts are more likely to hit the Global South. However, most rockets are launched from the Global North. When rockets fall, their parts often land near poorer countries. Scientists call this“exporting (出口) risk. ”While no one has been hurt yet, the risk of people being hit by falling parts continues to grow. Governments and companies that send rockets into space must act responsibly to protect everyone. 1.Why is space becoming congested? A. Fewer rockets are launched. B. More countries send more rockets into space. C. Rockets are getting bigger. D. Rockets fall to Earth quickly. 2.Where are rocket parts more likely to hit? A. The Global North. B. The Global South. C. Rich countries. D. Rocket launching places. 3.Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. Rockets fall as soon as they finish their work. B. Most rockets are launched from the Global South. C. Rocket parts are more likely to hit the Global North. D. Rocket parts often fall near poorer countries. 4.What will the writer most probably write about next? A. How to send more rockets into space. B. How to produce a rocket on your own. C. How to take care of rockets left in space. D. How to make rockets land near rich countries. 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·安徽合肥四十五中·期中）A friendship is very important. However, it is not easy to build a lasting friendship. In order to do so, you need to make the person whom you want to make friends with trust you. Of course, it is easier said than done. Here is some of my advice about making friends. First, be careful when you want to make friends with someone. He or she may not be as kind as you think. He or she may lie and may cause you trouble. Once I told a secret of mine to one of my friends. I told him not to tell the secret to anybody else. But that was a lie! I was very sad when I found out that he had told the secret to many people. It was so terrible. Second, it is not easy to keep a friendship. You should not be selfish (自私的) and you should think about problems from the side of your friends. It is also important to keep calm. A friendship won’t last long if you don’t care for your friends or blame them whenever there is conflict (争执). My last suggestion is: you don’t have to use presents to show that you care for your friends. Friendship is not built on gifts. Instead, it is founded on kindness and true love. Cherish (珍惜) your friends! They are treasure (财富) in your life! 1.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “blame” in Chinese? A. 理解 B. 破坏 C. 责备 D. 尊重 2.What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 3.What’s the best title of the passage? A. How to build a lasting friendship? B. How to make more friends? C. How to learn to share? D. What is friendship? 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中）In some places of Kenya, most children want to go to school. But there are no roads, only deserts. Cars are of no use and only camels can travel across the desert. So children usually learn from the books that camels carry on their backs. Usually in a camel team, one camel carries about 180 kilos of books, and the other carries a tent (帐篷). At each place, a worker sets up the tent and puts the books inside for people to read. Two weeks later, the camels come back to the tent with new books. Some people in Thailand live in the mountains and the jungles (丛林). Their libraries are on the backs of elephants. These big animals can work well along the way. They carry heavy books in metal (金属) boxes. The boxes protect the books from the heavy rain. In Indonesia, there are over 17,000 islands around the country. Most people travel by boat, and their library books are delivered in the same way. ________ People on the islands keep these books for a few weeks before new books arrive. Now, some areas have also introduced more convenient (便利的) ways like solar-powered (太阳能的) cars or drones (无人机) to transport books. But for people who live far away and can’t get to the library, a mobile library brings more than books. It also brings a new world. 1.Why do some people use camels to carry library books in Kenya? A. Because there are no cars. B. Because there are few workers. C. Because they can travel across the deserts. D. Because they can carry more books. 2.How do the people in Thailand protect books from the heavy rain? A. By putting books in metal boxes. B. By covering books with thick plastic. C. By building new libraries in the mountains. D. By setting up a tent and putting books inside. 3.Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 3? A. There are many books in their libraries. B. A wooden boat can carry about 500 library books. C. The libraries help the local people make a living. D. It’s hard to build a library on these islands. 4.What is the main idea of this passage? A. Everyone can make a change to the world. B. We should work together to protect animals. C. A mobile library is important for the people in some areas. D. People should travel more to know about different cultures. 主题语境03 人与社会-艺术 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中） Xunpu has become popular online after several stars shared photos of themselves wearing a kind of local headwear called Zanhuawei (簪花围). Xunpu is a small fishing village near the city of Quanzhou in Fujian Province. Zanhuawei is a kind of flower headwear worn by local women, known as “the garden on the head”. It is an important part of Xunpu women’s dress culture. An old saying in Xunpu goes, “Put flowers in your hair in this life, and you’ll also be pretty in the afterlife.” The tradition of wearing flowers has been part of Xunpu women’s lives since the Tang Dynasty. Xunpu is famous for its excellent seafood. When women sell their seafood at the local market, they wear flowers in their hair so buyers can easily distinguish them from sellers from nearby villages. Xunpu women are known for being hard-working, warm-hearted and brave. They usually wear seasonal (季节性的) flowers and often give them to others as gifts on big days. Local people often say, “When Xunpu women put a zanhua on their heads, they express their wish for happiness, and the flowers are seen as a symbol of hope.” Zanhuawei was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. 1.Which of the following about Zanhuawei is TRUE according to the passage? A. It is only worn by young women in Xunpu on holidays. B. It is often called “the garden on the head”. C. It is worn to help with fishing in the sea. D. It became a national intangible cultural heritage in 2018. 2.What can we infer（推断） from the passage about Xunpu women? A. They wear flowers mainly for personal decoration. B. They started wearing flowers to become famous online. C. Their flower headwear is closely connected to their daily life and wishes. D. They don’t like to sell seafood. 3.What does the underlined word “distinguish” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. 区分 B. 模仿 C. 装饰 D. 注意 4.Which is the best title for the passage? A. The Seafood of Xunpu Village B. The Hard-working Women of Fujian C. How to Wear Flowers in Your Hair D. Zanhuawei: A Beautiful Tradition of Xunpu Women 主题语境04 人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中）“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are of great importance in our lives. They always help us and bring us joy. Poems can show us the beauty of friendship. Let’s read two classical (经典的) Chinese poems about saying goodbye to friends. To Wang Lun（By Li Bai） I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go, When suddenly on shore your farewell songs overflow. However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) may be, It is not so deep, O Wang Lun, as your love for me. Seeing Yuan the Second off to the Northwest Frontier（By Wang Wei） No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain, The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again, West of the Sunny Pass no more friends will be seen. Both poems are about the sadness of parting (分别) from friends. Li Bai uses a deep lake to describe his friend’s deeper love. Wang Wei paints a quiet rainy scene and asks his friend to have one more drink because there will be no old friends after the journey. The language is simple, but the feelings are strong and sincere. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By using a famous saying. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指的是)? A. The ship. B. Wang Lun’s love. C. Li Bai’s love. D. The lake. 3.Why did the writer write this passage? A. To tell the life stories of two poets. B. To introduce two poems about parting from friends. C. To teach how to write a poem. D. To explain Chinese culture. 主题语境05 人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 （25-26八上·安徽安庆外国语学校·期中）In recent years, the word “involution (内卷)” has become very popular. It describes a situation where people have to work or study hard just to stay in the same place or to get a slight advantage (优势). Take students for example. They face serious competition. They not only have to do much homework every day, but also need to take different after-school classes. They always try to get better grades than their classmates. Some students even stay up late to study, without caring about their health. This kind of non-stop competition among students is a typical character of involution. In the workplace, it’s the same story. People have to work longer hours and take on more work. They always want to be better than others. They are afraid of losing their jobs if they don’t work hard. The pressure makes them feel very tired. This is also an example of involution. Businesses are not immune (免疫的) to it either. Companies (公司) try hard to improve their market share. However, sometimes the products or services they offer are similar, and they are just competing for a small number of customers (顾客). This kind of involution is typical in the business world. Involution has both good and bad sides. On the one hand, it can make people improve their abilities. On the other hand, it may cause people to feel too stressed and lose their love for life. So we should try to find a good way of making the most of its advantages and reducing its disadvantages (减少它的不利之处). 1.How does the writer start the text? A. By giving examples. B. By telling a story. C. By explaining a word. D. By showing some reasons. 2.What’s the common result of involution at school and at work? A. People take more breaks. B. People feel more stressed and tired. C. People improve their teamwork skills. D. People become more creative and relaxed. 3.What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards involution? A. He thinks people should stop it. B. He advises people to use it well. C. He is not sure about its effect (影响). D. He thinks it’s necessary for development. 4.Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. Passage 2 （25-26八上·安徽芜湖镜湖区二十九中·期中）Now students’ English handwriting gets worse. That makes their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful? If not, here are some tips. Use paper with lines. When you write in English, try to use paper with lines, which can help keep your writing straight and your letters the same size. Remember to write between the lines and make capital letters clear. Slow down. If your writing is hard to read, try slowing down. Writing too fast can lead to mistakes. If you take your time, your words will be neater. Hold your pen right. When you hold your pen in the correct way, writing is much better. Try to be relaxed and don’t hold the pen so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean. If you do so, people will guess you are a student with a good habit. Draw more pictures. Drawing can also help your handwriting. While you are drawing pictures, you need to use the skills to control your pen better. You may not draw much in class, but you can always practise at home. Handwriting is important. Imagine you are a famous star—your fans will want your autograph (亲笔签名)! So start improving your handwriting today. 1.How many suggestions are mentioned to make your handwriting beautiful? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2.What might happen if you hold your pen too hard? A. Your writing will become clearer. B. Your hand will feel relaxed. C. Your writing may not be clean and nice. D. You will write faster. 3.Where can you probably read this passage? A. In a dictionary. B. In a guidebook. C. In a newspaper. D. On an English learning website. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（说明文&议论文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.C2.B3.D 主题语境02人与社会-社会 【答案】1.C2.B3.D 主题语境03人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.A3.C Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.D 主题语境04人与自我-日常活动 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.A Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.A3.C 主题语境05人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.D2.B3.B Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.C3.A 114 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 3 【答案】1.C2.B3.A 进阶提升》 主题语境01人与社会-文化 【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.B 主题语境02人与社会-社会 【答案】1.A2.B3.D 主题语境03人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.C Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.C3.A Passage 3 【答案】1.C2.D3.D 主题语境04人与自我-个人兴趣 【答案】1.C2.D3.B4B5.B 主题语境05人与自我-个人情况 【答案】1.A2.D3.C 主题语境06人与自我-学校活动 【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.A5.D 主题语境07人与自我-感情与情绪 214 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.D 主题语境08人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.A3.C Passage 2 【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C Passage 3 【答案】1.C2.A3.A 主题语境09人与自然-动物与植物 【答案】1.C2.A3.B 主题语境10人与自然-宇宙 【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.C 拓展培优》 主题语境01人与社会-人际交往 【答案】1.C2.D3.A 主题语境02人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.C 主题语境03人与社会-艺术 【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D 主题语境04人与自我-家庭、朋友与周围的人 【答案】1.B2.D3.B 314 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境05人与自我-方法与哲理 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.B3.B4.D Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.C3.D 4/4