专题04 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道+其他）（期中真题汇编，浙江专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 高二上学期期中英语阅读理解汇编，涵盖人与社会（社区食堂、AI与就业）、人与自我（遗嘱反思、成长环境）等主题，精选浙江学军中学、杭师大附中等校期中试题，素材兼具时代性与思辨性。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇4题，共10篇|细节理解（背景消费特征）、推理判断（作者对社区食堂态度）、观点态度（AI就业看法）、主旨大意（成长与环境关系）|选用2024-2025年社会热点（器官移植、大城市价值争议），通过对比论证（如订阅消费利弊）考查批判性思维，问题设计梯度分明（基础题如词义猜测，能力题如作者意图分析）|

专题04 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道+其他） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州学军中学·期中）In recent years, much of my life, as a consumer has shifted to what I like to call background spending. As I’ve subscribed to more apps and streaming platforms, significant sums of my money tend to slip away each month without my ever thinking about it. Think of it as automated trade. Spending without the trouble of spending. Acquisition without action or thought. But while this flood of subscriptions was sold to me on the condition that it would make my life more trouble free, there was a certain shock I felt upon discovering how much I was spending without realizing each month ($179.45). You see, the thing about background spending is that it tends to happen, well, in the background without your full attention. And there lies the point. “Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,” these companies promise us. But by agreeing to this trade, we’ve become lazy passive consumers. And this laziness breeds more laziness because most of us can’t be bothered with conducting regular reviews of our subscription spending. We’re too lazy to even notice or cancel! I know it’s not just me who is suddenly living life as a smooth-brained subscriber. The average consumer spends $273 per month on subscriptions, according to a 2021 study of 2,500 by digital services firm West Monroe. Not a single person surveyed knew what his actual monthly spending was. It’s understandable why this model is so attractive to businesses. As companies questioned traditional advertising models, subscriptions offered the promise of “selling once and earning forever.” And while subscription services have been around for decades (think Wine of the Month Club), more customers have been willing to sign up thanks to the widespread availability of smartphones and the increasing ease of home delivery. While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute found 40 percent of consumers believe they have too many subscriptions. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions. 1.What can we know about background spending in paragraph 2? A. Its purpose. B. Its feature. C. Its procedure. D. Its requirement. 2.What makes it possible for background spending to happen? A. Its attractive price. B. Some people’s poor habit. C. Its secure service. D. Some people’s addiction to it. 3.Why is the subscription model appealing to businesses? A. It offers good home delivery services. B. It is like traditional advertising models. C. It is popular among smartphone producers. D. It brings repeated profits through a single sale. 4.What’s the author’s attitude towards background spending? A. Supportive. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Unclear. 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·浙江北仑中学·期中）Many people assume that siblings naturally grow up to be close, but for me, that wasn’t the case. When I was seven, I moved from London to Florida with my two sisters, while my four brothers stayed behind. We didn’t reunite until I was seventeen. The long separation and lack of communication caused our bond to fade completely. This emotional distance still affects me. I feel grief when I see other families enjoying sibling vacations or holiday jokes. I’ve come to understand that our broken relationships were caused by family changes, poor communication, and favoritism (偏袒) — experiences that are common for many. Therapist (治疗专家) Phebe Brako-Owusu explains that sudden family shifts without explanation or emotional support can seriously hurt children. Favoritism, too, can damage sibling trust and create pressure, even for the so-called “favorite” child. Understanding the causes helped, but healing didn’t begin until I started therapy. Therapy helped me recognize how not having my feelings understood led to bitterness and silence. It also helped me take responsibility for my role in these conflicts and show empathy toward my siblings’ experiences. Experts suggest doing personal work before trying to reconnect with siblings, and if you do choose to talk, use “I” statements and be clear about your purpose — whether it’s trying to make peace or setting boundaries. As a parent now, I reflect on how parents can prevent such issues. Brako-Owusu recommends encouraging open communication, avoiding favoritism, and creating space for siblings to bond. Even if a relationship can’t be repaired now, it doesn’t mean it never will. I hold on to hope that someday my siblings and I may reconnect. 1.What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She remained close to her brothers through letters. B. She was excited to live in the U. S. with her sisters. C. She never wanted to be taken away from hometown. D. She was emotionally affected by the move at age seven. 2.Which of the following would Brako-Owusu most likely disapprove of? A. Sharing decision-making. B. Not explaining family change. C. Seeking for psychological help. D. Not favoring a certain child. 3.What is advised before trying to reconnect with siblings, according to experts? A. Going through necessary self-reflection. B. Focusing on building new family traditions. C. Waiting for siblings to initiate the conversation. D. Breaking down boundaries without conditions. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards repairing her relationship with her siblings? A. Doubtful. B. Optimistic. C. Indifferent. D. Reserved. 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州西湖区杭师大附中·期中）Imagine a potter(陶工), sitting quietly on a small chair, holding soft clay(黏土) in his hands, sculpting it as he spins the pottery wheel. The clay’s fate is completely in the potter’s hands. A skilled potter would turn it into a beautiful container but the same clay, when handed to a green hand, may be ruined. Just as the potter shapes clay into containers, our lives are shaped by the hands of our surroundings — the people we meet, the places we go, each conversation and every experience shape us into who we are. Jim Rohn once said, “You are the average of the top 5 people you spend your most time with.” Now think about the company you keep — the ones who share your joys, wipe tears away and share your dreams. Every part of you is nothing but their average. Back in middle school, most of my classmates didn’t quite match my level of intellect (智力). More often than not, I stood out from them; although it felt really satisfying, it somehow lacked the challenge I desired. It wasn’t until I started high school that I found what I was searching for. High school did feel frightening at first. I found myself surrounded by brighter, wiser and prettier faces than I ever imagined. I felt inadequate compared to them, but it was in that discomfort that I found growth. To grow, you got to be with people who stand out in areas where you fall short, those who inspire you to learn and improve. Just as tough competition pushes athletes to stand out, great people bring out the best in you. So, find your people, people who’ll inspire and uplift you, who have qualities you want. They wouldn’t simply hand you success but force you to lift yourself higher and higher. But if negativity surrounds you, don’t expect positive changes in your life. If you’re always with people who see nothing but reasons why things can’t be done, then that will also become your reality. 1.What does the author compare our surroundings to? A. The potter. B. The clay. C. The pottery wheel. D. The container. 2.Which of the following best describes the author’s high school? A. Dull. B. Painful. C. Rewarding. D. Thrilling. 3.Who does the author suggest readers be with in order to grow? A. People who motivate them to advance. B. People who match their level of intellect. C. People who work in the same area as they do. D. People who share happiness and sorrow with them. 4.What is the message conveyed in the text? A. Toughness leads to success. B. Positivity outweighs hard work. C. Birds of a feather gather together. D. Success loves a successful company. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州外国语学校·期中）Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven’t worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of? Maybe you say, “I can’t throw that away because I paid good money for it.” If you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (谬论). It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit. This psychological trap causes us to stick with a plan even if it no longer serves us and the costs clearly outweigh the benefits. Arkes and Blumer conducted a survey showing that people are influenced by sunk cost fallacy in their decisions. Participants imagined spending 50 on Wisconsin, realizing later they were for the same weekend. They were told Wisconsin would be more enjoyable. When asked which trip to take, 54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin, because they had made a greater initial investment. Sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions. Once we’ve invested in a choice, we feel guilt or regret if we don’t follow through. We fail to realize that past costs won’t be recovered. Instead, we base decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits. This may be due to loss aversion (厌恶), where losses feel worse than gains. We avoid losses, making choices based on avoiding the “loss” of our past investment instead of considering the benefits gained if we don’t continue our commitment. No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance. Never give up! Don’t waste. But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a painful realization. 1.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. People benefit from sticking with a plan. B. People’s consumption view has changed. C. People refuse to give up the past commitment. D. People’s clothes are becoming more expensive. 2.Why did more than half of the participants choose the trip to Michigan in the survey? A. To further reduce the loss. B. To appear more reasonable. C. To make a greater investment. D. To enjoy more of themselves. 3.When does “sunk cost fallacy” occur? A. When we don’t continue our commitment. B. When we don’t follow through our choices. C. When we stop feeling guilty and regretful all the time. D. When we make decisions based on past costs emotionally. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards “perseverance”? A. Favourable. B. Objective. C. Negative. D. Unclear. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·浙江S9联盟-11月·期中）The future arrives fast, and as China pursues high-quality development amid rapid aging, community canteens have emerged as a key topic. By late 2024, China’s population aged 60 and above exceeded 300million, with 10 million more expected yearly over the next decade, per CCTV News. These canteens, designed to offer affordable, home meals, have mixed fates — some thrive as “community stars,” while others close quickly. Take Beijing’s “Jia Fan Xiang” (meaning “aroma of home-cooked meals”). The 30-square-meter canteen draws both seniors and young people. Retiree Liu Min, 57, visits daily: he gets braised pork, chicken with potatoes, and spinach for over 30 yuan ($4.5) with a 12% senior discount. Yet staff member Tang notes high rent and wages; despite government support, it still operates at a loss. Another Beijing example is Bajiao community canteen, which serves three nearby communities. Since November 2024, it has 6-7 daily dishes, offers home delivery for immobile seniors, and gets 3-yuan government subsidies (补贴) per meal plus 5-yuan allowances for eligible seniors (seniors pay 13 yuan). It plans to add health lectures and volunteer services but faces cash flow issues — needing 150 daily meals to break even, which is hard to sustain. Staff shortages (only 3 people) and poor kitchen equipment add to struggles. Nationwide, canteens in Beijing, Xi’an, Shenyang, and Hangzhou have closed, some within two months, leaving seniors unable to get prepaid card refunds. High costs, reduced subsidies, and unclear positioning hinder sustainability. A Wuhan University study found Suzhou’s senior meal system, though able to serve 120,000 daily, only serves 24,000. However, governments are acting. Eleven departments released a plan to boost senior meal services; 300 million yuan in central funding supports meal assistance, and the 2025 Government Work Report promised more support. Yu Shaoxiang, a researcher, says canteens need government leadership and non-profit operations, not full marketization or total reliance on subsidies. With social participation, they can become stable. Patrons like Liu Min are optimistic: “As long as quality and price stay, this will win hearts.” 1.What does the underlined word “thrive” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Close down quickly. B. Develop well. C. Face many problems. D. Lose a lot of money. 2.What is the author’s main purpose of writing this passage? A. To show that seniors in China don’t like community canteens. B. To introduce how community canteens in Beijing serve people. C. To tell readers that all community canteens in China are closing. D. To explain the current situation of China’s community canteens. 3.Why does Bajiao community canteen have cash flow problems? A. It’s hard to reach the required number of meals. B. It offers free meals to all seniors every day. C. The government gives it too much money. D. It spends a lot of money on buying new furniture for the canteen. 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Suzhou’s senior meal system serves 120,000 seniors every day. B. The government has taken action to support community canteens. C. Jia Fan Xiang community canteen makes a lot of money every month. D. By late 2024, China’s population aged 60 and above was less than 300 million. 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·浙江环大罗山·期中）From self-driving cars to carebots for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2040 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses. “The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces,” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific. A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence. The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already ravages more job opportunities than it creates. But the report states, “Losing occupations does not change what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research. “The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big companies.” it states. A 2024 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create” according to Aaron Smith, the report’s co-author. “Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change.” Microsoft’s Jonathan Grudin told researchers. 1.What phenomenon does the author describe according to Paragraph 1? A. The complete disappearance of self-driving cars. B. The sharp decrease in the number of elderly people. C. The sudden stop of technological development. D. The rapid replacement of human jobs by AI. 2.What does the underlined word “ravages” mean in paragraph 4? A. loses B. provides C. replaces D. destroys 3.What might determine the future development of companies according to the report? A. The number of employees they have. B. Whether their business is safe from tech-driven change. C. Their rapid responsiveness and technological strengths. D. The length of time they have been in business. 4.What can be a suitable title for this text? A. Will Robots Leave Us Jobless? B. Technology Vs. Humans: Who Wins? C. AI Rise: How Will It Shape the World? D. Will Small Firms Defeat Large Companies? 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·浙江浙南名校联盟-11月·期中）When I first sat down to write my will (遗嘱), I expected it to be a simple act of paperwork, a practical task that adults are supposed to complete. Instead, it pulled me into an unexpected spiral of reflection. What do I truly want to leave behind? What traces of my life will matter when I am no longer here? The questions felt heavy, but they carried a hidden gift. Writing about my possessions made me think not of objects, but of people—my children, my partner, my friends. Suddenly, I saw how every choice I make is connected to love. The books on my shelves, the photographs on the wall, even the recipes in my kitchen are not just things; they are extensions of care, memory, and joy. In the middle of this process, I recognized that a will is less about death than about life. It is about pausing long enough to notice what I value most. The act of writing forced me to define the essence of what I hope my family remembers: not money or furniture, but kindness, curiosity, and the laughter we shared. I felt lighter after finishing the document. Instead of fear, I carried gratitude. I saw my life not as incomplete but as perpetual, filled with small opportunities to live with intention. If facing death teaches anything, it is that the present moment is our most generous gift. Every day, I can choose to pass on patience, love, and courage. What began as a legal form turned into a reminder: life is fragile, but it is also abundant. And if I am mindful, then even in the ordinary rhythm of my days, I am already leaving behind what matters most. 1.What realization did the author have while writing her will? A. Writing a will was easier than she had expected. B. She owned more valuable property than she thought. C. Objects in her life were deeply tied to people and memories. D. Her family members were not interested in material possessions. 2.What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward death? A. She avoided thinking about it. B. She feared it even more than before. C. She decided never to discuss it again. D. She became calmer and more grateful. 3.What does the underlined word “perpetual” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Aging B. Dying C. Lasting D. Confusing 4.Which proverb best expresses the main idea of the passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C. You can’t take it with you when you go. D. Love and the present matter most. 主题语境01 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·浙江浙里特色联盟-11月·期中）Are big cities overvalued? New economic research suggests so. Judged by their preferences, people love cities. Huge cities such as London and New York are full, with high house prices. China, meanwhile, can claim at least six cities bigger than either of them. Across the world, 25% of people live in cities of over a million, up from just 15% six decades ago. Economists tend to think this is a great development. Cities, they argue, benefit from ‘agglomeration’, the consequence of so many people living close by. For one thing, government and businesses can run more efficiently: size helps everything from public transport to the hiring of staff. For another, finding the next big idea is easier when like-minded people gather together. But have economists overstated the benefits of big cities? That is what a new study by Matthew Turner and David Weil, both of Brown University, suggests. Their analysis applies existing figures of the impact of agglomeration on economic efficiency and the rate of invention to a model of the American economy. This allows the researchers to answer a question: how different would America look if, from 1900 to 2010, no city area had grown to a population of more than 1 million people? According to their work, the answer is ‘not all that much’. Growth would have been slower, but only a bit: the researchers think that America’s total production would have been 8% lower in 2010 than it was in reality. Cities do make residents more efficient, but the size of the city does not matter too much. City supporters may not fully agree with the researchers’ findings, which depend on some guesses. Edward Glaeser of Harvard notes that Turner and Weil believe creating new ideas gets harder over time, as the simplest solutions are used up. This means big cities benefit less than expected from gathering talented people. It’s unclear if this trend will keep happening in the future. AI supporters would surely argue that creating new ideas will probably speed up in the next few years. 1.What do the data in paragraph 1 show? A. City size has hardly changed. B. Rural life has become popular. C. Huge cities are disappearing fast. D. More people move to big cities. 2.What are the benefits of “agglomeration” according to economists? A. Less traffic and lower costs. B. Better services and new ideas. C. Cheaper housing and cleaner air. D. Better education and more friends. 3.What do Turner and Weil’s findings suggest? A. Big cities cut national income greatly. B. Big cities double national total production. C. Big cities hardly improve general growth. D. Big cities widen the income gap hugely. 4.Why does the author mention Glaeser’s opinion? A. To advocate for further city development. B. To restate Turner and Weil’s key arguments. C. To praise the strength of the researchers’ data analysis. D. To explain city supporters’ doubt on the research findings. 主题语境02 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·浙江9+1联盟-11月·期中）Scientists have dreamed for centuries about using animal organs to treat humans. In recent years, those efforts have begun to bear fruit: Researchers have begun transplanting the hearts and kidneys of genetically modified pigs into patients, with varying degrees of success. But lungs are notoriously difficult to transplant, even from human to human, and mortality rates (死亡率) are high. Now, in the first procedure of its kind, Chinese scientists reported transplanting a lung from a pig into a brain-dead man on August 25th, 2025. The organ sustained damage after it was transplanted but functioned to some degree, scientists at Guangzhou Medical University reported in the journal Nature Medicine. The organ was removed after nine days. American scientists called the procedure exciting but urged caution. While dialysis (透析) can help people with kidney failure, there’s not much that can replace lungs. In the US alone, millions suffer from life-threatening lung disease. Yet there is an extreme shortage of human lungs available for transplant. Many donor organs are simply not in good enough condition to transplant. The Chinese scientists transplanted the left lung of a pig that had undergone six gene edits into a brain-dead 39-year-old man. Because the procedure left his functioning right lung in place, the experiment did not prove that the transplanted lung could sustain life on its own, critics noted. The pig’s lung also suffered damage within 24 hours of the transplant. Signs of antibody-mediated rejection were observed at three and six days after transplant. Fluid buildup was also discovered in the lung. Since lungs come into contact with the environment with every breath and are constantly being exposed to external (外部的) threats, like allergens, pollutants and viruses, they are rich in immune cells. The immune responses in these organs are thus more aggressive than those seen in other solid organs, like the kidney, and transplanted lungs are more likely to fail. This trial is part of a growing effort to use genetically modified (改良的) pig organs to address the critical shortage of human donors. Similar experiments involving pig kidneys and livers are underway in the U.S. and China. Earlier this year, a patient in New Hampshire received a pig kidney and remains the longest-living survivor of such a transplant. If refined, pig organ transplants could offer hope to millions of patients with end-stage lung, kidney, or liver disease. 1.What is the significance of China’s pig-to-human lung transplant? A. First lung transplant across species attempted. B. A record number of genetic modifications used. C. A complete cure for end-stage lung disease provided. D. The longest survival of a pig organ in a human achieved. 2.What was the limitation of the pig-to-human lung transplant attempt? A. Continuous external threats. B. Limited gene edits. C. Immediate internal rejection. D. Unproven independent function. 3.Basically, why are lung transplants more difficult than other organ types? A. Its milder immune response. B. Its larger physical size. C. Its more environmental danger. D. Its rarer equipment support. 4.Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Pig Organs Help cure Human Lung Diseases. B. Scientists Perform First Pig-to-Human Lung Transplant. C. Dialysis Replaces Failing Lungs for Most Patients successfully. D. Medical Teams managed to deal with Organ Shortage Problem. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题04阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道+其他） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.B2.B3.D4C 主题语境02人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.B 主题语境03人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.A2.C3.A4.D 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.A3.D4B Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.B 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 【答案】1.D2.D3.C4.A 主题语境03人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.C2.D3.C4.D 112 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.D 主题语境02人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B 212 专题04 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道+其他） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州学军中学·期中）In recent years, much of my life, as a consumer has shifted to what I like to call background spending. As I’ve subscribed to more apps and streaming platforms, significant sums of my money tend to slip away each month without my ever thinking about it. Think of it as automated trade. Spending without the trouble of spending. Acquisition without action or thought. But while this flood of subscriptions was sold to me on the condition that it would make my life more trouble free, there was a certain shock I felt upon discovering how much I was spending without realizing each month ($179.45). You see, the thing about background spending is that it tends to happen, well, in the background without your full attention. And there lies the point. “Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,” these companies promise us. But by agreeing to this trade, we’ve become lazy passive consumers. And this laziness breeds more laziness because most of us can’t be bothered with conducting regular reviews of our subscription spending. We’re too lazy to even notice or cancel! I know it’s not just me who is suddenly living life as a smooth-brained subscriber. The average consumer spends $273 per month on subscriptions, according to a 2021 study of 2,500 by digital services firm West Monroe. Not a single person surveyed knew what his actual monthly spending was. It’s understandable why this model is so attractive to businesses. As companies questioned traditional advertising models, subscriptions offered the promise of “selling once and earning forever.” And while subscription services have been around for decades (think Wine of the Month Club), more customers have been willing to sign up thanks to the widespread availability of smartphones and the increasing ease of home delivery. While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute found 40 percent of consumers believe they have too many subscriptions. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions. 1.What can we know about background spending in paragraph 2? A. Its purpose. B. Its feature. C. Its procedure. D. Its requirement. 2.What makes it possible for background spending to happen? A. Its attractive price. B. Some people’s poor habit. C. Its secure service. D. Some people’s addiction to it. 3.Why is the subscription model appealing to businesses? A. It offers good home delivery services. B. It is like traditional advertising models. C. It is popular among smartphone producers. D. It brings repeated profits through a single sale. 4.What’s the author’s attitude towards background spending? A. Supportive. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Unclear. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. D　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，揭示了订阅服务可能导致消费者在不知不觉中花费巨额资金，同时也指出了这种消费模式的便利性和潜在问题。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“Think of it as automated trade. Spending without the trouble of spending. Acquisition without action or thought. (可以把它想象成自动交易。花钱而不用花钱的麻烦。没有行动或思想的获得。)”可知，作者是在描述背景支出的特征，即它是一种自动化的、不需要思考或行动的消费。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段““Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,” these companies promise us. But by agreeing to this trade, we’ve become lazy passive consumers. And this laziness breeds more laziness because most of us can’t be bothered with conducting regular reviews of our subscription spending. We’re too lazy to even notice or cancel! (这些公司向我们承诺：“交出你的信用卡信息，让我们来处理剩下的事情。”但是通过同意这种交易，我们变成了懒惰的被动消费者。这种懒惰滋生了更多的懒惰，因为我们大多数人都懒得定期检查我们的订阅支出。我们懒得去注意或取消！)”以及第六段中“Not a single person surveyed knew what his actual monthly spending was. (没有一个接受调查的人知道自己每月的实际支出是多少)”可知，是有些人的坏习惯让后台支出成为可能。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It’s understandable why this model is so attractive to businesses. As companies questioned traditional advertising models, subscriptions offered the promise of “selling once and earning forever.” And while subscription services have been around for decades (think Wine of the Month Club), more customers have been willing to sign up thanks to the widespread availability of smartphones and the increasing ease of home delivery. (可以理解为什么这种模式对企业如此有吸引力。当公司质疑传统的广告模式时，订阅提供了“一次销售，永远盈利”的承诺。虽然订阅服务已经存在了几十年（想想月度葡萄酒俱乐部），但由于智能手机的普及和送货上门的日益便利，越来越多的客户愿意注册。)”可知，因为订阅模式通过一次销售带来了重复的利润，所以对企业有吸引力。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute found 40 percent of consumers believe they have too many subscriptions. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions. (虽然这些订阅承诺了安逸和快乐，但并非所有人都满意。去年，科尔尼消费者研究所发现，40%的消费者认为他们的订阅量太多。近一半的人还认为，我们为流媒体视频点播订阅支付了太多费用。)”可知，作者对后台支出持批评态度，认为消费者为此付出了太多，而收效甚微。故选C项。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·浙江北仑中学·期中）Many people assume that siblings naturally grow up to be close, but for me, that wasn’t the case. When I was seven, I moved from London to Florida with my two sisters, while my four brothers stayed behind. We didn’t reunite until I was seventeen. The long separation and lack of communication caused our bond to fade completely. This emotional distance still affects me. I feel grief when I see other families enjoying sibling vacations or holiday jokes. I’ve come to understand that our broken relationships were caused by family changes, poor communication, and favoritism (偏袒) — experiences that are common for many. Therapist (治疗专家) Phebe Brako-Owusu explains that sudden family shifts without explanation or emotional support can seriously hurt children. Favoritism, too, can damage sibling trust and create pressure, even for the so-called “favorite” child. Understanding the causes helped, but healing didn’t begin until I started therapy. Therapy helped me recognize how not having my feelings understood led to bitterness and silence. It also helped me take responsibility for my role in these conflicts and show empathy toward my siblings’ experiences. Experts suggest doing personal work before trying to reconnect with siblings, and if you do choose to talk, use “I” statements and be clear about your purpose — whether it’s trying to make peace or setting boundaries. As a parent now, I reflect on how parents can prevent such issues. Brako-Owusu recommends encouraging open communication, avoiding favoritism, and creating space for siblings to bond. Even if a relationship can’t be repaired now, it doesn’t mean it never will. I hold on to hope that someday my siblings and I may reconnect. 1.What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A. She remained close to her brothers through letters. B. She was excited to live in the U. S. with her sisters. C. She never wanted to be taken away from hometown. D. She was emotionally affected by the move at age seven. 2.Which of the following would Brako-Owusu most likely disapprove of? A. Sharing decision-making. B. Not explaining family change. C. Seeking for psychological help. D. Not favoring a certain child. 3.What is advised before trying to reconnect with siblings, according to experts? A. Going through necessary self-reflection. B. Focusing on building new family traditions. C. Waiting for siblings to initiate the conversation. D. Breaking down boundaries without conditions. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards repairing her relationship with her siblings? A. Doubtful. B. Optimistic. C. Indifferent. D. Reserved. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者自身的经历探讨了兄弟姐妹关系疏远的原因，并提出了修复这种关系的建议和希望。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I was seven, I moved from London to Florida with my two sisters, while my four brothers stayed behind. We didn’t reunite until I was seventeen. The long separation and lack of communication caused our bond to fade completely.(我七岁的时候，和两个姐妹从伦敦搬到了佛罗里达，而我的四个兄弟留在了伦敦。我们直到17岁才团聚。长时间的分离和缺乏沟通使我们的关系完全淡化了)”可知，作者七岁时搬家，与兄弟分离十年，亲情关系淡化，由此可推知，作者在七岁时受到搬家的影响，在情感上受到了影响。故选D项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Therapist (治疗专家) Phebe Brako-Owusu explains that sudden family shifts without explanation or emotional support can seriously hurt children.(治疗专家Phebe Brako-Owusu解释说，突然的家庭变化如果没有解释或情感支持，会严重伤害孩子)”可推知，Brako-Owusu认为突然的家庭变化而没有解释会伤害孩子，所以她最可能不赞成不解释家庭变化。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Experts suggest doing personal work before trying to reconnect with siblings, and if you do choose to talk, use “I” statements and be clear about your purpose — whether it’s trying to make peace or setting boundaries.(专家建议，在尝试与兄弟姐妹修复关系前先做好自我调整。如果决定沟通，请多用“我”开头的表达方式，并明确自己的目的——无论是为了和解还是设立界限)”可知，专家建议，在试图与兄弟姐妹重新联系之前要先做好自我调整，要明确自己的目的，即先进行必要的自我反省。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Even if a relationship can’t be repaired now, it doesn’t mean it never will. I hold on to hope that someday my siblings and I may reconnect.(即使现在一段关系无法修复，也不意味着永远不会。我抱着希望，希望有一天我和我的兄弟姐妹能重新联系上)”可知，作者对修复与兄弟姐妹的关系持乐观态度。故选B项。 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州西湖区杭师大附中·期中）Imagine a potter(陶工), sitting quietly on a small chair, holding soft clay(黏土) in his hands, sculpting it as he spins the pottery wheel. The clay’s fate is completely in the potter’s hands. A skilled potter would turn it into a beautiful container but the same clay, when handed to a green hand, may be ruined. Just as the potter shapes clay into containers, our lives are shaped by the hands of our surroundings — the people we meet, the places we go, each conversation and every experience shape us into who we are. Jim Rohn once said, “You are the average of the top 5 people you spend your most time with.” Now think about the company you keep — the ones who share your joys, wipe tears away and share your dreams. Every part of you is nothing but their average. Back in middle school, most of my classmates didn’t quite match my level of intellect (智力). More often than not, I stood out from them; although it felt really satisfying, it somehow lacked the challenge I desired. It wasn’t until I started high school that I found what I was searching for. High school did feel frightening at first. I found myself surrounded by brighter, wiser and prettier faces than I ever imagined. I felt inadequate compared to them, but it was in that discomfort that I found growth. To grow, you got to be with people who stand out in areas where you fall short, those who inspire you to learn and improve. Just as tough competition pushes athletes to stand out, great people bring out the best in you. So, find your people, people who’ll inspire and uplift you, who have qualities you want. They wouldn’t simply hand you success but force you to lift yourself higher and higher. But if negativity surrounds you, don’t expect positive changes in your life. If you’re always with people who see nothing but reasons why things can’t be done, then that will also become your reality. 1.What does the author compare our surroundings to? A. The potter. B. The clay. C. The pottery wheel. D. The container. 2.Which of the following best describes the author’s high school? A. Dull. B. Painful. C. Rewarding. D. Thrilling. 3.Who does the author suggest readers be with in order to grow? A. People who motivate them to advance. B. People who match their level of intellect. C. People who work in the same area as they do. D. People who share happiness and sorrow with them. 4.What is the message conveyed in the text? A. Toughness leads to success. B. Positivity outweighs hard work. C. Birds of a feather gather together. D. Success loves a successful company. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文，通过对陶工和黏土的比喻，讲述了环境对我们成长的塑造作用，强调要与激励我们进步的人为伍，从而实现自我提升。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Just as the potter shapes clay into containers, our lives are shaped by the hands of our surroundings—the people we meet, the places we go, each conversation and every experience shape us into who we are. (正如陶工将黏土塑造成容器一样，我们的生活也被环境所塑造——我们遇到的人、去过的地方、每一次交谈和经验都在塑造我们是谁)”可知，作者将我们的环境比作陶工，环境对我们的成长起到塑造作用。故选A。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“High school did feel frightening at first. I found myself surrounded by brighter, wiser and prettier faces than I ever imagined. I felt inadequate compared to them, but it was in that discomfort that I found growth. (一开始高中确实令人害怕。我发现周围的人比我想象的更聪明、更聪慧、更漂亮。相比之下，我感到自惭形秽，但正是在这种不适中，我找到了成长)”可知，作者面对更优秀的同伴，初时有压力但随后通过竞争实现了成长，因此可以用“rewarding”(回报丰厚的、有收获的)来描述作者的高中体验。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第六段“To grow, you got to be with people who stand out in areas where you fall short, those who inspire you to learn and improve. (要成长，你必须与那些在你不足的领域中脱颖而出的人在一起，他们会激励你学习和提高)”可知，作者建议与能够激励我们进步的人在一起，这样才能促成自我成长。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据第六段“So, find your people, people who’ll inspire and uplift you, who have qualities you want. They wouldn’t simply hand you success but force you to lift yourself higher and higher..(所以，找到你的人，那些会激励和提升你的人，他们拥有你想要的品质。他们不会直接把成功交到你手里，而是迫使你不断提升自己)”以及全文核心思想强调与优秀的人为伍，以提升自我。故“Success loves a successful company (成功者喜欢结交成功者)”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州外国语学校·期中）Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven’t worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of? Maybe you say, “I can’t throw that away because I paid good money for it.” If you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (谬论). It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit. This psychological trap causes us to stick with a plan even if it no longer serves us and the costs clearly outweigh the benefits. Arkes and Blumer conducted a survey showing that people are influenced by sunk cost fallacy in their decisions. Participants imagined spending 50 on Wisconsin, realizing later they were for the same weekend. They were told Wisconsin would be more enjoyable. When asked which trip to take, 54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin, because they had made a greater initial investment. Sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions. Once we’ve invested in a choice, we feel guilt or regret if we don’t follow through. We fail to realize that past costs won’t be recovered. Instead, we base decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits. This may be due to loss aversion (厌恶), where losses feel worse than gains. We avoid losses, making choices based on avoiding the “loss” of our past investment instead of considering the benefits gained if we don’t continue our commitment. No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance. Never give up! Don’t waste. But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a painful realization. 1.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. People benefit from sticking with a plan. B. People’s consumption view has changed. C. People refuse to give up the past commitment. D. People’s clothes are becoming more expensive. 2.Why did more than half of the participants choose the trip to Michigan in the survey? A. To further reduce the loss. B. To appear more reasonable. C. To make a greater investment. D. To enjoy more of themselves. 3.When does “sunk cost fallacy” occur? A. When we don’t continue our commitment. B. When we don’t follow through our choices. C. When we stop feeling guilty and regretful all the time. D. When we make decisions based on past costs emotionally. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards “perseverance”? A. Favourable. B. Objective. C. Negative. D. Unclear. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. D　4. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了沉没成本谬论这一心理现象，指出人们因过去的投入而难以放弃某个计划或选择，即使它已不再适合自己，并分析了其产生的原因，同时提醒人们有时放弃才是正确的选择。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven’t worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of? Maybe you say, ‘I can’t throw that away because I paid good money for it.’ If you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy.(你的衣柜里是否有一件多年没穿却舍不得扔掉的西装或裙子？也许你会说：“我不能扔掉它，因为我花了不少钱买的。”如果你发现自己有这样的情况，那么你就陷入了对沉没成本谬误的执念。)”可知，作者开篇描述的现象是人们不愿放弃过去的投入（即对过去的承诺不愿放手）。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin, because they had made a greater initial investment.(54%的人选择了密歇根州，尽管合理的选择是威斯康星州，因为他们最初的投入更多。)”结合第三段中的We avoid losses, making choices based on avoiding the “loss” of our past investment instead of considering the benefits gained if we don’t continue our commitment.(我们倾向于避免损失，因此做出的选择往往是为了避免过去投资的“损失”，而非考虑放弃当前承诺可能带来的收益。)”可知，超过一半的参与者选择密歇根州的旅行，是为了避免过去投入的损失，即进一步减少损失。故选A项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions. Once we’ve invested in a choice, we feel guilt or regret if we don’t follow through. We fail to realize that past costs won’t be recovered. Instead, we base decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits.(当我们让情绪影响决策时，沉没成本谬误就会发生。一旦我们对某个选择进行了投入，如果不坚持下去，就会感到内疚或后悔。我们没有意识到过去的成本无法收回。相反，我们基于过去的成本做决策，忽视了当前和未来的成本与收益。)”可知，沉没成本谬误发生在我们情绪化地基于过去的成本做决策时。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance. Never give up! Don’t waste. But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all.(没有人能否认，我们从坚持不懈中获益良多。因此，我们的社会热衷于强调坚持不懈。永不放弃！不要浪费。但只有你自己知道适合你的正确道路。有时，放弃是所有选择中最艰难的。)”可知，作者既承认坚持不懈的益处，也指出在不合适的情况下放弃也是明智的，因此对“坚持不懈”的态度是客观的。故选B项。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·浙江S9联盟-11月·期中）The future arrives fast, and as China pursues high-quality development amid rapid aging, community canteens have emerged as a key topic. By late 2024, China’s population aged 60 and above exceeded 300million, with 10 million more expected yearly over the next decade, per CCTV News. These canteens, designed to offer affordable, home meals, have mixed fates — some thrive as “community stars,” while others close quickly. Take Beijing’s “Jia Fan Xiang” (meaning “aroma of home-cooked meals”). The 30-square-meter canteen draws both seniors and young people. Retiree Liu Min, 57, visits daily: he gets braised pork, chicken with potatoes, and spinach for over 30 yuan ($4.5) with a 12% senior discount. Yet staff member Tang notes high rent and wages; despite government support, it still operates at a loss. Another Beijing example is Bajiao community canteen, which serves three nearby communities. Since November 2024, it has 6-7 daily dishes, offers home delivery for immobile seniors, and gets 3-yuan government subsidies (补贴) per meal plus 5-yuan allowances for eligible seniors (seniors pay 13 yuan). It plans to add health lectures and volunteer services but faces cash flow issues — needing 150 daily meals to break even, which is hard to sustain. Staff shortages (only 3 people) and poor kitchen equipment add to struggles. Nationwide, canteens in Beijing, Xi’an, Shenyang, and Hangzhou have closed, some within two months, leaving seniors unable to get prepaid card refunds. High costs, reduced subsidies, and unclear positioning hinder sustainability. A Wuhan University study found Suzhou’s senior meal system, though able to serve 120,000 daily, only serves 24,000. However, governments are acting. Eleven departments released a plan to boost senior meal services; 300 million yuan in central funding supports meal assistance, and the 2025 Government Work Report promised more support. Yu Shaoxiang, a researcher, says canteens need government leadership and non-profit operations, not full marketization or total reliance on subsidies. With social participation, they can become stable. Patrons like Liu Min are optimistic: “As long as quality and price stay, this will win hearts.” 1.What does the underlined word “thrive” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Close down quickly. B. Develop well. C. Face many problems. D. Lose a lot of money. 2.What is the author’s main purpose of writing this passage? A. To show that seniors in China don’t like community canteens. B. To introduce how community canteens in Beijing serve people. C. To tell readers that all community canteens in China are closing. D. To explain the current situation of China’s community canteens. 3.Why does Bajiao community canteen have cash flow problems? A. It’s hard to reach the required number of meals. B. It offers free meals to all seniors every day. C. The government gives it too much money. D. It spends a lot of money on buying new furniture for the canteen. 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Suzhou’s senior meal system serves 120,000 seniors every day. B. The government has taken action to support community canteens. C. Jia Fan Xiang community canteen makes a lot of money every month. D. By late 2024, China’s population aged 60 and above was less than 300 million. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国社区食堂在人口老龄化背景下的发展现状。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段“These canteens, designed to offer affordable, home meals, have mixed fates — some thrive as “community stars,” while others close quickly. (这些旨在提供经济实惠家庭餐的食堂命运好坏参半——一些作为“社区明星”thrive，而另一些则迅速关闭)”可知，社区食堂的命运各异，一些成为“社区明星”，另一些则迅速关闭，thrive与close quickly意思相反，即“发展良好”。故选B项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。文章第一段点明社区食堂兴起的背景，第二到四段通过具体案例呈现了部分食堂的成功运营和部分食堂面临的困境，第五段提及政府的支持措施并展望未来。作者本文旨在全面、客观地介绍中国社区食堂当前的整体状况。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“It plans to add health lectures and volunteer services but faces cash flow issues — needing 150 daily meals to break even, which is hard to sustain. (它计划增加健康讲座和志愿服务，但面临现金流问题——每天需要150份餐才能收支平衡，这很难维持)”可知，八角社区食堂的现金流问题源于难以达到维持收支平衡所需的供餐量。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段“However, governments are acting. Eleven departments released a plan to boost senior meal services; 300 million yuan in central funding supports meal assistance, and the 2025 Government Work Report promised more support. (然而，政府正在采取行动。11个部门发布了促进老年人膳食服务的计划；中央财政投入3亿元支持伙食救助，《2025年政府工作报告》承诺加大支持力度)”可知，政府已采取行动支持社区食堂。故选B项。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·浙江环大罗山·期中）From self-driving cars to carebots for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2040 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses. “The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces,” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific. A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence. The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already ravages more job opportunities than it creates. But the report states, “Losing occupations does not change what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research. “The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big companies.” it states. A 2024 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create” according to Aaron Smith, the report’s co-author. “Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change.” Microsoft’s Jonathan Grudin told researchers. 1.What phenomenon does the author describe according to Paragraph 1? A. The complete disappearance of self-driving cars. B. The sharp decrease in the number of elderly people. C. The sudden stop of technological development. D. The rapid replacement of human jobs by AI. 2.What does the underlined word “ravages” mean in paragraph 4? A. loses B. provides C. replaces D. destroys 3.What might determine the future development of companies according to the report? A. The number of employees they have. B. Whether their business is safe from tech-driven change. C. Their rapid responsiveness and technological strengths. D. The length of time they have been in business. 4.What can be a suitable title for this text? A. Will Robots Leave Us Jobless? B. Technology Vs. Humans: Who Wins? C. AI Rise: How Will It Shape the World? D. Will Small Firms Defeat Large Companies? 【答案】1. D　2. D　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇议论文，探讨了技术快速发展，尤其是人工智能，对当前就业市场的影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“From self-driving cars to carebots for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2040 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses. (从自动驾驶汽车到老年人护理机器人，技术的快速发展长期以来一直对许多由人类完成的工作构成潜在威胁。但专家们现在认为，随着人工智能继续改变商业格局，到2040年，如今近50%的职业将完全不再需要。)”可知，作者描述的现象是人工智能正快速取代人类工作。故选D。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段“From self-driving cars to carebots for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. (从自动驾驶汽车到老年人护理机器人，技术的快速发展长期以来一直对许多由人类完成的工作构成潜在威胁。)”第四段“The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already ravages more job opportunities than it creates. (该报告基于对亚太地区、欧洲和北美200名专家、商界领袖和年轻人的采访。报告显示，在美国，技术ravages的就业机会已经超过了它创造的。)”结合前文提到技术对工作的“威胁”及“职业消失”的表述，可知“ravages”意为“摧毁、破坏”。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第六段“The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big companies. (拥有快速反应能力和技术专长的20至40人规模的公司的发展，将直接挑战大公司。)”可知，报告认为企业的快速反应能力和技术优势可能决定其未来发展。故选C。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕技术（尤其是人工智能）对就业的影响展开，既提到现有职业可能被取代的担忧，又介绍了新岗位会增长的乐观观点，核心是探讨技术快速发展，尤其是人工智能，对当前就业市场的影响。A项“机器人是否会让我们失业？”符合主题，可用作标题。故选A。 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·浙江浙南名校联盟-11月·期中）When I first sat down to write my will (遗嘱), I expected it to be a simple act of paperwork, a practical task that adults are supposed to complete. Instead, it pulled me into an unexpected spiral of reflection. What do I truly want to leave behind? What traces of my life will matter when I am no longer here? The questions felt heavy, but they carried a hidden gift. Writing about my possessions made me think not of objects, but of people—my children, my partner, my friends. Suddenly, I saw how every choice I make is connected to love. The books on my shelves, the photographs on the wall, even the recipes in my kitchen are not just things; they are extensions of care, memory, and joy. In the middle of this process, I recognized that a will is less about death than about life. It is about pausing long enough to notice what I value most. The act of writing forced me to define the essence of what I hope my family remembers: not money or furniture, but kindness, curiosity, and the laughter we shared. I felt lighter after finishing the document. Instead of fear, I carried gratitude. I saw my life not as incomplete but as perpetual, filled with small opportunities to live with intention. If facing death teaches anything, it is that the present moment is our most generous gift. Every day, I can choose to pass on patience, love, and courage. What began as a legal form turned into a reminder: life is fragile, but it is also abundant. And if I am mindful, then even in the ordinary rhythm of my days, I am already leaving behind what matters most. 1.What realization did the author have while writing her will? A. Writing a will was easier than she had expected. B. She owned more valuable property than she thought. C. Objects in her life were deeply tied to people and memories. D. Her family members were not interested in material possessions. 2.What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward death? A. She avoided thinking about it. B. She feared it even more than before. C. She decided never to discuss it again. D. She became calmer and more grateful. 3.What does the underlined word “perpetual” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Aging B. Dying C. Lasting D. Confusing 4.Which proverb best expresses the main idea of the passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. C. You can’t take it with you when you go. D. Love and the present matter most. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者本以为写遗嘱只是简单文书工作，却借此反思人生，意识到物品与人和回忆相连，死亡不可怕，爱与当下才是最该珍惜、传承的重要事物。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Writing about my possessions made me think not of objects, but of people— my children, my partner, my friends. Suddenly, I saw how every choice I make is connected to love. The books on my shelves, the photographs on the wall, even the recipes in my kitchen are not just things; they are extensions of care, memory, and joy.(写下自己的物品，让我想到的不是物件本身，而是身边的人 —— 我的孩子、伴侣与朋友。突然间我意识到，自己做的每一个选择都与爱紧密相连。书架上的书、墙上的照片，甚至厨房里的食谱，都不只是寻常物件；它们是关怀、回忆与喜悦的延伸。)”可知，作者在写遗嘱时意识到生活中的物品与人和回忆紧密相连。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“I felt lighter after finishing the document. Instead of fear, I carried gratitude. (完成文件后，我感觉更轻松了。心中没有了恐惧，取而代之的是感激。)”可知，作者对死亡的态度变得更平静且充满感激。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第四段“I saw my life not as incomplete but as perpetual, filled with small opportunities to live with intention. (我不再认为我的人生是不完整的，而是perpetual，充满了有意识地生活的微小机会。)”并结合最后一段“And if I am mindful, then even in the ordinary rhythm of my days, I am already leaving behind what matters most.(只要我用心感知，即便在日复一日的平凡节奏里，也早已留下了那些最为珍贵的东西。)”可推测， 作者认为人生的价值会通过传递的爱与美好延续，并非随着生命终结而消失，因此perpetual应表达“持久的、永恒的”含义。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“Suddenly, I saw how every choice I make is connected to love.(突然间我意识到，自己做的每一个选择，都与爱息息相关。)”、第四段“If facing death teaches anything, it is that the present moment is our most generous gift. (若直面死亡能让人领悟什么，那便是当下这一刻，才是我们所拥有的最珍贵的馈赠。)”及最后一段“And if I am mindful, then even in the ordinary rhythm of my days, I am already leaving behind what matters most.(只要我用心感知，即便在日复一日的平凡节奏里，也早已留下了那些最为珍贵的东西。)”可知，文章核心是“爱与当下最为重要”。故选D项。 主题语境01 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·浙江浙里特色联盟-11月·期中）Are big cities overvalued? New economic research suggests so. Judged by their preferences, people love cities. Huge cities such as London and New York are full, with high house prices. China, meanwhile, can claim at least six cities bigger than either of them. Across the world, 25% of people live in cities of over a million, up from just 15% six decades ago. Economists tend to think this is a great development. Cities, they argue, benefit from ‘agglomeration’, the consequence of so many people living close by. For one thing, government and businesses can run more efficiently: size helps everything from public transport to the hiring of staff. For another, finding the next big idea is easier when like-minded people gather together. But have economists overstated the benefits of big cities? That is what a new study by Matthew Turner and David Weil, both of Brown University, suggests. Their analysis applies existing figures of the impact of agglomeration on economic efficiency and the rate of invention to a model of the American economy. This allows the researchers to answer a question: how different would America look if, from 1900 to 2010, no city area had grown to a population of more than 1 million people? According to their work, the answer is ‘not all that much’. Growth would have been slower, but only a bit: the researchers think that America’s total production would have been 8% lower in 2010 than it was in reality. Cities do make residents more efficient, but the size of the city does not matter too much. City supporters may not fully agree with the researchers’ findings, which depend on some guesses. Edward Glaeser of Harvard notes that Turner and Weil believe creating new ideas gets harder over time, as the simplest solutions are used up. This means big cities benefit less than expected from gathering talented people. It’s unclear if this trend will keep happening in the future. AI supporters would surely argue that creating new ideas will probably speed up in the next few years. 1.What do the data in paragraph 1 show? A. City size has hardly changed. B. Rural life has become popular. C. Huge cities are disappearing fast. D. More people move to big cities. 2.What are the benefits of “agglomeration” according to economists? A. Less traffic and lower costs. B. Better services and new ideas. C. Cheaper housing and cleaner air. D. Better education and more friends. 3.What do Turner and Weil’s findings suggest? A. Big cities cut national income greatly. B. Big cities double national total production. C. Big cities hardly improve general growth. D. Big cities widen the income gap hugely. 4.Why does the author mention Glaeser’s opinion? A. To advocate for further city development. B. To restate Turner and Weil’s key arguments. C. To praise the strength of the researchers’ data analysis. D. To explain city supporters’ doubt on the research findings. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了大城市是否被高估的问题。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“New economic research suggests so. Judged by their preferences, people love cities. Huge cities such as London and New York are full, with high house prices. China, meanwhile, can claim at least six cities bigger than either of them. Across the world, 25% of people live in cities of over a million, up from just 15% six decades ago.(新的经济研究也表明了这一点。从人们的偏好来看，人们喜欢城市。像伦敦和纽约这样的大城市人口密集，房价高昂。而中国至少有六个城市的人口规模超过了这两个城市。在全球范围内，有25%的人口居住在人口超过一百万的城市里，而六十年前这一比例仅为15%。)”可推断，第一段的数据说明越来越多的人迁入大城市。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For one thing, government and businesses can run more efficiently: size helps everything from public transport to the hiring of staff. For another, finding the next big idea is easier when like-minded people gather together.(一方面，政府和企业能够更加高效地运作：规模优势能体现在从公共交通到员工招聘等方方面面。另一方面，志同道合的人聚集在一起时，更容易产生具有重大意义的创新想法。)”可知，聚集效应的好处包括更好的服务（高效运行）和新想法的产生。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“According to their work, the answer is ‘not all that much’. Growth would have been slower, but only a bit: the researchers think that America’s total production would have been 8% lower in 2010 than it was in reality. Cities do make residents more efficient, but the size of the city does not matter too much. (根据他们的研究结果，答案是“并没有那么大”。经济增长速度会有所放缓，但幅度不会太大：研究人员认为，2010年美国的总产量会比实际情况低8%。城市确实能让居民变得更高效，但城市规模本身的影响并不太大。)”可知，若没有大城市，经济增长仅会略低，因此大城市对整体增长的提升作用有限。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“City supporters may not fully agree with the researchers’ findings, which depend on some guesses. Edward Glaeser of Harvard notes that Turner and Weil believe creating new ideas gets harder over time, as the simplest solutions are used up. This means big cities benefit less than expected from gathering talented people. It’s unclear if this trend will keep happening in the future. AI supporters would surely argue that creating new ideas will probably speed up in the next few years.(城市支持者们或许不会完全认同研究人员的这些结论，因为这些结论是基于一些推测得出的。哈佛大学的爱德华·格莱泽指出，特纳和韦尔认为随着时间的推移，创造新想法的难度会越来越大，因为最简单的解决方案已经被用完了。这意味着大城市从汇聚优秀人才中获得的益处会低于预期。目前尚不清楚这种趋势未来是否会持续下去。而人工智能的支持者们肯定会认为，在接下来的几年里，创造新想法的速度可能会加快。)”可知，城市支持者可能不完全认同研究结论，爱德华·格莱泽指出研究假设的局限性，因此推断作者引用格莱泽的观点是为了说明支持者对研究结果的质疑。故选D。 主题语境02 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·浙江9+1联盟-11月·期中）Scientists have dreamed for centuries about using animal organs to treat humans. In recent years, those efforts have begun to bear fruit: Researchers have begun transplanting the hearts and kidneys of genetically modified pigs into patients, with varying degrees of success. But lungs are notoriously difficult to transplant, even from human to human, and mortality rates (死亡率) are high. Now, in the first procedure of its kind, Chinese scientists reported transplanting a lung from a pig into a brain-dead man on August 25th, 2025. The organ sustained damage after it was transplanted but functioned to some degree, scientists at Guangzhou Medical University reported in the journal Nature Medicine. The organ was removed after nine days. American scientists called the procedure exciting but urged caution. While dialysis (透析) can help people with kidney failure, there’s not much that can replace lungs. In the US alone, millions suffer from life-threatening lung disease. Yet there is an extreme shortage of human lungs available for transplant. Many donor organs are simply not in good enough condition to transplant. The Chinese scientists transplanted the left lung of a pig that had undergone six gene edits into a brain-dead 39-year-old man. Because the procedure left his functioning right lung in place, the experiment did not prove that the transplanted lung could sustain life on its own, critics noted. The pig’s lung also suffered damage within 24 hours of the transplant. Signs of antibody-mediated rejection were observed at three and six days after transplant. Fluid buildup was also discovered in the lung. Since lungs come into contact with the environment with every breath and are constantly being exposed to external (外部的) threats, like allergens, pollutants and viruses, they are rich in immune cells. The immune responses in these organs are thus more aggressive than those seen in other solid organs, like the kidney, and transplanted lungs are more likely to fail. This trial is part of a growing effort to use genetically modified (改良的) pig organs to address the critical shortage of human donors. Similar experiments involving pig kidneys and livers are underway in the U.S. and China. Earlier this year, a patient in New Hampshire received a pig kidney and remains the longest-living survivor of such a transplant. If refined, pig organ transplants could offer hope to millions of patients with end-stage lung, kidney, or liver disease. 1.What is the significance of China’s pig-to-human lung transplant? A. First lung transplant across species attempted. B. A record number of genetic modifications used. C. A complete cure for end-stage lung disease provided. D. The longest survival of a pig organ in a human achieved. 2.What was the limitation of the pig-to-human lung transplant attempt? A. Continuous external threats. B. Limited gene edits. C. Immediate internal rejection. D. Unproven independent function. 3.Basically, why are lung transplants more difficult than other organ types? A. Its milder immune response. B. Its larger physical size. C. Its more environmental danger. D. Its rarer equipment support. 4.Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Pig Organs Help cure Human Lung Diseases. B. Scientists Perform First Pig-to-Human Lung Transplant. C. Dialysis Replaces Failing Lungs for Most Patients successfully. D. Medical Teams managed to deal with Organ Shortage Problem. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了中国科学家进行的首例猪-人肺移植手术，阐述了其意义、存在的局限性、肺移植比其他器官更难的原因，以及该试验在解决人体器官供体短缺问题上的作用。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Now, in the first procedure of its kind, Chinese scientists reported transplanting a lung from a pig into a brain-dead man on August 25th, 2025. (如今，在2025年8月25日，中国科学家报告了首例此类手术，将一只猪的肺移植到了一名脑死亡男子体内)”可知，中国科学家实施的是首例猪-人肺移植手术。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Because the procedure left his functioning right lung in place, the experiment did not prove that the transplanted lung could sustain life on its own, critics noted. (批评家指出，由于该手术保留了他功能正常的右肺，因此该实验并未证明移植的肺可以独立维持生命)”可知，该猪-人肺移植尝试未证明移植肺具备独立维持生命的能力。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段首句“Since lungs come into contact with the environment with every breath and are constantly being exposed to external (外部的) threats, like allergens, pollutants and viruses, they are rich in immune cells. The immune responses in these organs are thus more aggressive than those seen in other solid organs, like the kidney, and transplanted lungs are more likely to fail. (由于肺在每次呼吸时都会与环境接触，不断暴露于过敏原、污染物和病毒等外部威胁中，所以肺部富含免疫细胞。因此，这些器官的免疫反应比肾脏等其他实体器官更强烈，移植的肺也更有可能衰竭)”可知，肺移植比其他器官更难是因为其接触环境频繁、免疫反应更剧烈。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合根据第二段首句“Now, in the first procedure of its kind, Chinese scientists reported transplanting a lung from a pig into a brain-dead man on August 25th, 2025. (如今，在2025年8月25日，中国科学家报告了首例此类手术，将一只猪的肺移植到了一名脑死亡男子体内)”可知，文章介绍了中国科学家进行的首例猪-人肺移植手术，阐述了其意义、存在的局限性、肺移植比其他器官更难的原因，以及该试验在解决人体器官供体短缺问题上的作用。因此B项“科学家首次进行猪肺移植”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $