专题02 Units 4～6（语篇综合练）英语外研版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 该专项聚焦语篇综合训练，融合文化传承与科技生态主题，通过多样化题型系统提升语言能力与跨文化思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|3篇（丰子恺学画/牡丹文化/伦敦兰花节）|语境中语法应用，兼顾文化与跨文化交际|以文化现象为载体，考查词法与句法，强化语言准确性| |阅读理解|3篇（AI气象模型/座头鲸交流/生态旅游）|细节理解与推理判断，聚焦科技与自然|从信息获取到深层分析，培养逻辑思维与信息素养| |七选五|2篇（观鸟益处/可再生能源）|篇章结构与逻辑衔接，主题贴近生活|通过段落关联考查语篇组织能力，提升思维连贯性| |完形填空|3篇（壁画家故事/凤蝶实验/动物信任）|语境词汇与情节理解，侧重叙事类语篇|以故事发展推动词汇运用，培养语境感知能力| |写作|3篇（邀请信/观察记录/投稿论述）|应用文体与观点表达，融合文化与思辨|从信息传递到观点构建，提升语言输出与思维品质|

专题02 Units 4~6（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 语法填空 A 介绍画家丰子恺童年学画的经历，结合中国基础美术教育文献展，展现我国基础美术教育的发展与美育价值 语法填空 B 介绍牡丹在中国文化里 “花中之王” 的地位，讲述牡丹的历史、文学艺术寓意，以及牡丹文化节推动中外文化交流的现状 语法填空 C 介绍伦敦邱园以中国为主题的兰花节，依托兰花这一花中君子，展现生物多样性，促进中英两国植物保护与文化交流 阅读理解 A 介绍两款 AI 气象预测模型盘古气象大模型与 NowcastNet，讲解它们在极端天气预报上的优势，探讨 AI 在气象领域的应用前景 阅读理解 B 介绍 Whale-SETI 科研团队的实验，研究座头鲸与人之间的声音互动，发现座头鲸能够回应人类播放的鲸类叫声，愿意开展友好交流 阅读理解 C 介绍生态旅游，以生态旅行者 Brandy Werner 为例，说明生态旅游以探访自然、学习并保护生态环境为目标，实地体验有助于人们树立环保意识 七选五 D 介绍观鸟有益于身心健康，从亲近自然天性、生物多样性、积极情绪、敬畏自然、心流体验多个角度阐释观鸟带来身心增益的原因 七选五 E 介绍可再生能源的优势，分析清洁能源发展现状，从创造就业、经济价值等角度说明加速能源转型的必要性，同时指出初期投入成本的挑战 完形填空 A 讲述阿根廷壁画家 Fio Silva 的创作故事，她从自然获取灵感，偶然开启街头壁画创作，巧用色彩，用壁画美化城市公共空间 完形填空 B 讲述少年 Jo Nagai 饲养凤蝶幼虫做实验，发现蝴蝶的记忆可以跨蛹期保留，还能遗传给后代，说明科学发现没有年龄限制 完形填空 C 讲述作者在后院长期投喂野兔与土拨鼠，慢慢赢得动物信任，和小动物之间建立温馨治愈的相处故事 书信写作 A 李华写信邀请英国朋友 David 参加学校举办的中国传统艺术展，介绍展览时间地点以及剪纸、国画等展品，期待对方前来参观 书信写作 B 李华给英国朋友 Tom 写邮件，分享自己坚持数周观察记录公园玫瑰生长的经历，讲述观察过程以及从中收获的耐心与放松 投稿写作 C 英文专栏投稿，围绕生态修复该依靠自然自愈还是科技干预展开论述，提出观点：需要将自然自愈能力和科技修复相结合 一、语法填空 A （25-26高二下·浙江杭州·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Painter Feng Zikai (1898-1975) recalled his childhood enlightenment as he learned about painting in his article 1 (pen) in 1934. When he studied Chinese poetry and the Three-Character Classic, he found himself, instead of 2 (catch) by the text, seized by the illustrations. These images were so impressive that he began coloring them using paints from his family’s dyehouse. “The children new to school enjoy coloring images in textbooks,” says Li Hongbo, 3 art professor at Jilin Normal University. “They may have limited understanding of colors, but they often take pride 4 their ‘creations’ and find endless pleasure from such activities. These phenomena can serve as a gateway for children to learn about painting 5 reveal that textbooks from other subjects can contribute to the fundamental fine arts education,” says Li. Feng’s story is being shown 6 (visible) in the ongoing Mirror to the Future: Chinese Basic Art Education Literature Exhibition, 7 highlight is to show the development of the country’s fundamental fine arts education since 1904. This exhibition 8 (display) the rich value of fine arts education in enhancing the ability to appreciate beauty, cultivate the soul and stimulate innovation. It also makes possible the 9 (integrate) of the rich resources into the field of education, giving full play to 10 (they) roles of preserving history and educating people. 【答案】 1．penned 2．being caught 3．an 4．in 5．and 6．visibly 7．whose 8．displays 9．integration 10．their 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丰子恺故事及美术教育展的意义与价值。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：画家丰子恺（1898-1975）在1934年写的一篇文章中回忆了他童年学习绘画的启蒙经历。此处为非谓语动词，且article与pen“写”之间是被动关系，即文章被写，应用过去分词penned，作后置定语，修饰article。故填penned。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：当他学习中国诗歌和《三字经》时，他发现自己并没有被文字所吸引，而是被插图所吸引。instead of为介词短语，后接动名词作宾语，且he与catch“吸引”之间是被动关系，应用动名词的被动式being caught。故填being caught。 3．考查冠词。句意：“刚上学的孩子们喜欢给课本上的图片上色，”吉林师范大学艺术教授李宏波说。professor为可数名词，此处表泛指，且art发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．考查介词。句意：他们可能对颜色的理解有限，但他们常常为自己的‘创作’感到自豪，并从这些活动中找到无穷的乐趣。take pride in为固定短语，意为“以……为傲”。故填in。 5．考查连词。句意：这些现象可以作为孩子们学习绘画的途径，也表明其他学科的教科书可以为基础美术教育做出贡献。learn about painting和reveal that textbooks from other subjects can contribute to the fundamental fine arts education为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 6．考查副词。句意：丰子恺的故事正在进行的“镜鉴未来：中国基础美术教育文献展”中生动地展现出来，该展览的重点是展示自1904年以来我国基础美术教育的发展。此处修饰动词shown，应用副词visibly，作状语。故填visibly。 7．考查定语从句。句意：丰子恺的故事正在进行的“镜鉴未来：中国基础美术教育文献展”中生动地展现出来，该展览的重点是展示自1904年以来我国基础美术教育的发展。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mirror to the Future: Chinese Basic Art Education Literature Exhibition，先行词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：本次展览展示了美术教育在提高审美能力、陶冶情操、激发创新方面的丰富价值。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为exhibition，谓语用第三人称单数形式displays。故填displays。 9．考查名词。句意：它还使丰富的资源融入教育领域成为可能，充分发挥其保存历史、教育人民的作用。此处作makes的宾语，应用名词integration，是不可数名词。故填integration。 10．考查代词。句意：它还使丰富的资源融入教育领域成为可能，充分发挥其保存历史、教育人民的作用。此处修饰名词roles，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 B （25-26高二下·黑龙江·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The peony (牡丹), often referred to as the King of Flowers, holds 1 special place in Chinese culture, symbolizing prosperity (繁荣), honor, and beauty. The history of peonies in China dates back 2 the Qin Dynasty (221 BCE-207 BCE). By the Tang Dynasty (618-907), peonies had become a symbol of wealth and status, earning the title “national flower”. In ancient Chinese culture, peonies 3 (celebrate) not only for their beauty but also for their symbolic meanings. Peonies also played a significant role in literature and art. During the Tang Dynasty, poets and artists frequently praised peonies in their works, 4 (use) the flower as a metaphor (隐喻) for beauty and the prosperity of the state. The peony’s image became 5 (deep) rooted in the consciousness of the Chinese people, 6 influenced various aspects of cultural expression. In recent years, the peony has gained 7 (power) support to be officially recognized as China’s national flower. Peony festivals are a major cultural event in China, attracting millions of tourists annually. Cities like Luoyang and Heze, 8 (know) as the “Peony capitals of China”, host grand celebrations including peony exhibitions, cultural performances, and trade 9 (fair). These festivals serve as platforms for cultural exchange and mutual learning, promoting the peony’s significance both domestically 10 internationally. 【答案】 1．a 2．to 3．were celebrated 4．using 5．deeply 6．which 7．powerful 8．known 9．fairs 10．and 【导语】本文介绍了牡丹在中国文化中的特殊地位、发展历史、在文学艺术领域的重要影响以及近年来的发展现状。 1．考查冠词。句意：牡丹常被称为花中之王，在中国文化中占有特殊的地位，象征着繁荣、荣耀与美丽。空格处修饰可数名词单数place，表示“一个特殊的地位”，是泛指，且special是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a。 2．考查介词。句意：牡丹在中国的历史可以追溯到秦朝（公元前221年-公元前207年）。date back to是固定搭配，意为“追溯到……”。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：在中国古代文化中，人们不仅赞美牡丹的美丽，也赞美它的象征意义。根据In ancient Chinese culture可知，本句讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时；主语peonies是复数，和动词celebrate(赞美)构成被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were，celebrate的过去分词是celebrated。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：唐朝时期，诗人和艺术家经常在作品中赞颂牡丹，将这种花作为美与国家繁荣的隐喻。句子谓语是praised，空格处需用非谓语动词；逻辑主语poets and artists和动词use之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词using作伴随状语。 5．考查副词。句意：牡丹的形象深深扎根于中国人的意识当中，这影响了文化表达的方方面面。空格处修饰过去分词rooted，需要用副词；deep是形容词，对应的副词为deeply，意为“深深地”。 6．考查定语从句。句意：牡丹的形象深深扎根于中国人的意识当中，这影响了文化表达的方方面面。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面“牡丹的形象深植于中国人意识”这件事，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导该从句。 7．考查形容词。句意：近年来，牡丹获得了强有力的支持，得以被官方认定为中国国花。空格处修饰名词support，需要用形容词作定语；power是名词，对应的形容词为powerful，意为“强有力的”。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：像洛阳和菏泽这样被称为“中国牡丹之都”的城市，会举办盛大庆祝活动，包括牡丹展览、文化演出和商贸博览会。句子谓语是host，空格处作后置定语修饰Cities；be known as...意为“被称为……”，逻辑主语Cities和动词know之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词known。 9．考查名词复数。句意：像洛阳和菏泽这样被称为“中国牡丹之都”的城市，会举办盛大庆祝活动，包括牡丹展览、文化演出和商贸博览会。fair是可数名词，意为“博览会”，根据前文的exhibitions和performances可知，这里表示不止一场商贸博览会，因此用名词复数形式fairs。 10．考查连词。句意：这些节日是文化交流与互学互鉴的平台，提升了牡丹在国内外的影响力。both...and...是固定搭配，意为“……和……都”，此处连接domestically和internationally两个并列副词。 C （25-26高二下·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 London’s Kew Gardens has opened its 30th annual Orchid Festival, themed around China this year. It ran from Feb. 7 to March 8, 1 by chance also fell within Spring Festival. Lantern-style lighting and the scent of blooming flowers lent the gardens a 2 (festival) atmosphere. Orchids are cherished in both countries and in Chinese tradition are regarded as one of the “Four Gentlemen of Flowers,” symbolising “integrity, resilience 3 a noble character.” They are also sensitive 4 environmental change, reminding people of plant conservation and international scientific 5 (collaborate). Richard Deverell, a director of the Kew Gardens, said that choosing China as the theme this year was “because it’s one of the most biodiverse countries in the world,” 6 (possess) over 1,700 species of orchids. The festival, he said, aims to tell visitors two intertwined stories at once — biodiversity and the cultural traditions rooted in it. At the opening reception, Chinese Ambassador to Britain Zheng Zeguang 7 (acknowledge) Kew’s long-standing connection with botanists and conservationists in China, expressing hope for 8 (far) environmental achievements in both countries. Also contributing to the event was Chinese ink painter Gu Xiaolan, who brought orchid-themed 9 (work) to the exhibition. She added that the garden’s staff had adjusted lighting, temperature and humidity conditions for her, a gesture she described as both professional and thoughtful. Juliet Petrus, a London-based musician studying Chinese music, said the festival felt like a cultural bridge that uses flowers 10 (connect) different traditions and scientific knowledge. 【答案】 1．which 2．festive 3．and 4．to 5．collaboration 6．possessing 7．acknowledged 8．further 9．works 10．to connect 【导语】文章主要讲述了伦敦邱园举办以中国为主题的第30届兰花节，借花卉展示生物多样性与文化交融，促进中英交流合作。 1．考查关系代词。​句意：它从2月7日持续到3月8日，而这个时间段恰巧也在春节期间。根据句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的时间段“Feb. 7 to March 8”，且在从句中作主语，此处需用关系代词which引导该从句。 2．考查形容词。​句意：灯笼式的灯光和盛开花朵的芬芳赋予了园区一种节日的氛围。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词atmosphere，名词festival的形容词形式为festive“节日的”。 3．考查并列连词。​句意：兰花在两国都备受珍爱。在中国传统文化中，兰花位列 “花中四君子” 之一，象征着正直高洁、坚韧不屈与高尚品格。根据空前后“integrity, resilience”与“a noble character”为并列关系，共同作symbolising的宾语，此处需用并列连词and连接三个并列的名词（短语）。 4．考查介词。​句意：它们对环境变化也很敏感，提醒人们关注植物保护和国际科学合作。此处考查固定搭配be sensitive to...，意为“对……敏感”。 5．考查名词。​句意同上。空处需用名词作reminding的宾语，动词collaborate的名词形式为collaboration“合作”。 6．考查非谓语动词。​句意：理查德·德弗罗——邱园的负责人之一——表示，今年选择中国作为主题，是因为中国是世界上生物多样性最丰富的国家之一，拥有超过1700种兰花。空处需填非谓语动词，动词possess“拥有”与其逻辑主语it之间为主动关系，故填现在分词possessing作状语。 7．考查时态。​句意：在开幕招待会上，中国驻英国大使郑泽光肯定了邱园与中国植物学家及环保人士的长期联系，表达了对两国取得更大环保成就的期望。根据时间状语“At the opening reception”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，此处需填动词acknowledge“承认，认可”的过去式acknowledged。 8．考查形容词比较级。​句意同上。此处用形容词far的比较级further“更进一步的”修饰名词achievements，作定语。 9．考查名词复数。​句意：同样为此次活动做出贡献的，还有中国水墨画家顾晓兰，她携兰花主题画作亮相此次展览。空处需用名词作brought的宾语；work表示“作品”时，为可数名词，此处用复数形式works表示泛指。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：定居伦敦、研习中国音乐的音乐家朱丽叶·彼得勒斯表示，这场花卉盛会宛如一座文化桥梁，以花为媒，联结起不同的文化传统与科学知识。此处考查固定搭配use sth. to do sth.，意为“用某物做某事”。 二、阅读理解 A （25-26高二下·福建莆田·期末）With global temperatures climbing and sea levels rising, extreme weather events are becoming an everyday reality. Getting informed in time to prepare for a disastrous hurricane or heat wave could be the disparity between life and death. Now AI can help. Two studies published in the journal Nature described the benefits of two AI models that could improve weather forecasting. The first AI-based system, developed by the Huawei Cloud team, is known as Pangu-Weather. It is capable of predicting global weather a week in advance. Before it came out, most countries relied on mathematical weather prediction models. What makes Pangu-Weather different is that the Pangu-Weather model is deeply trained with the help of 39-year global weather data, preparing it to forecast temperature, pressure, and wind speed. When compared to the mathematical weather prediction method, Pangu-Weather is 10,000 times faster and no less accurate. Pangu-Weather can predict weather patterns 5 to 7 days in advance. However, it can’t forecast precipitation (降水). As precipitation prediction is vital for extreme weather forecasting, a second Nature model, NowcastNet, fills this gap. It can accurately predict rainfall 6 hours ahead, helping meteorologists (气象学家) study weather patterns in real-time more effectively. NowcastNet focuses on detailed, realistic descriptions of extreme rainfall patterns. It uses radar observations from the US and China, as well as deep learning methods, to predict precipitation rates over a 1.6-million-square-mile region of the eastern and central US up to 3 hours in advance. 62 meteorologists from China tested NowcastNet and ranked it first, out of four other leading weather forecasting methods, in reliably predicting heavy rain. While generative AI models have good prospects in weather forecasting, experts point out that replacing existing systems has many challenges. However, in 5 to 10 years, these models may surprise us. 1．What does the underlined word “disparity” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Balance. B．Relationship. C．Difference. D．Comparison. 2．What’s special about Pangu-Weather? A．Theory-based. B．Human-operated. C．Data-driven. D．Cloud-powered. 3．What is an advantage of NowcastNet? A．It reduces radar errors on a large scale. B．It predicts downpours with high accuracy. C．It observes rain data from global countries. D．It tracks extreme weather 24 hours in advance. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The impacts of climate change on extreme weather events. B．The introduction to high-tech weather-forecasting models. C．The explanation of new measures to protect the environment. D．The challenges in using generative AI in weather forecasting. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了两款新型AI气象模型“盘古气象大模型”与“NowcastNet”在极端天气预测中的优势与应用前景。 1．词句猜测题。 根据第一段中“Getting informed in time to prepare for a disastrous hurricane or heat wave could be the disparity between life and death.(及时获知信息以防范灾难性飓风或热浪，可能是生与死之间的disparity。)”可知，能否及时获取信息决定了生死两种截然不同的结果，因此disparity在此处意为“差别，差异”。 2．推理判断题。 根据第二段中“What makes Pangu-Weather different is that the Pangu-Weather model is deeply trained with the help of 39-year global weather data, preparing it to forecast temperature, pressure, and wind speed.(盘古气象大模型的独特之处在于，该模型依托长达39年的全球气象数据进行深度训练，使其能够预测气温、气压以及风速。)”可知，盘古气象大模型的核心特点是依靠海量数据进行深度学习训练，即“数据驱动”。 3．细节理解题。 根据第四段中“NowcastNet focuses on detailed, realistic descriptions of extreme rainfall patterns. It uses radar observations from the US and China, as well as deep learning methods, to predict precipitation rates over a 1.6-million-square-mile region of the eastern and central US up to 3 hours in advance. 62 meteorologists from China tested NowcastNet and ranked it first, out of four other leading weather forecasting methods, in reliably predicting heavy rain.(NowcastNet侧重细致、真实地还原强降雨气象特征。该模型整合中美两国雷达监测数据，结合深度学习算法，能够提前三小时预判美国中东部160万平方英里区域内的降水强度。来自中国的62名气象专家对NowcastNet开展测评，与其他四款主流预报工具相比，该模型的暴雨预报可靠性排名第一。)”可知，NowcastNet的优势在于能高精度地预测强降雨。 4．主旨大意题。 根据全文内容，文章开篇引出AI助力天气预报的话题，随后分别详细介绍了“盘古气象大模型”和“NowcastNet”两款AI气象模型的工作原理、独特优势及应用效果，最后展望了其发展前景。B选项“The introduction to high-tech weather-forecasting models.(高科技天气预报模型的介绍。)”最能概括全文主旨。 B （25-26高二下·陕西汉中·期中）Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸). When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a “whup”, and played it underwater around their research boat, it was eye-opening for them to find a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a whup call. Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them. This was described as “conversation” in a PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location,” says Josephine Hubbard, an animal behaviorist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. She circled around the scientists’ boat and produced more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about her is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t an environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” said Hubbard. Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner. All the findings showed humpback whales enjoyed friendly encounters with humans. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the nature of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more outgoing than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain a new concept. B．To lead into the topic. C．To prove the researchers’ opinions. D．To show the popularity of humpback whales. 2．What may Hubbard agree with? A．Whales’ calls mean that danger is coming. B．Twain was forced to stay and respond to humans. C．The “whup” call is a greeting or location signal. D．It is impossible to understand whales’ real feelings. 3．Why did humpback whales produce “bubble rings” to boats? A．To show playfulness and relaxation. B．To show their sense of hunger. C．To warn humans to leave the sea area. D．To hunt fish near the research boats. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to protect humpback whales in nature. B．Different kinds of calls made by large whales. C．The living habits of humpback whales in the ocean. D．Research on human-humpback whale communication. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲的是科研团队实验发现，座头鲸可以回应人类播放的鲸类叫声，愿意和人类进行友好互动，但鲸鱼交流意愿存在个体差异，仍需更多研究。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸).(每一种鲸鱼都拥有独特的交流系统，同一物种的不同种群之间，这套系统往往还存在差异。由于人类一直在研究、观察这类交流方式，一个问题随之产生：人类是否有一天能和鲸鱼开展声音互动？为寻找答案，鲸类搜寻地外文明（Whale-SETI）团队的研究人员，一直在探索座头鲸与人类之间的交流。)”可知，第一段的主要作用是引出本文探讨的核心话题——人类与座头鲸的交流研究。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中Hubbard的原话“It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location(这种叫声大致可以理解成‘你好’，或是某种碰面时的问候声，也可能只是用来示意自己所在的位置)”可知，她认为这种“whup”叫声大致可以翻译为“你好”或某种问候，或者是用来表明它们所在位置的信号。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段首句“Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner.(座头鲸还会在船只附近制造“气泡环”，这表明它们心情放松，在嬉戏玩耍。)”可知，座头鲸在船附近吐气泡环表明它们很调皮（playful），并且处于一种放松的状态（relaxed manner）。这与A选项（为了表现出调皮和放松）一致。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸).(由于人类一直在研究、观察这类交流方式，一个问题随之产生：人类是否有一天能和鲸鱼开展声音互动？为寻找答案，鲸类搜寻地外文明（Whale-SETI）团队的研究人员，一直在探索座头鲸与人类之间的交流。)”可知，本文主要讲的是关于人类与座头鲸之间交流的研究。 C （26-27高二上·河南开封·阶段检测）A mother sea lion nurses her baby on the beaches of the Galapagos. A whale breaks the waves off the coast of Antarctica. These are sights that all travelers enjoy, taking photos crazily and posting them online as soon as Wi-Fi allows. But for a growing body of eco-minded travelers, those photos are only as valuable as they are beneficial to the sights they capture (捕捉). “I don’t just want to see this beautiful planet and its creatures,” says Brandy Werner, an eco-traveler from McHenry, Illinois. “I want my adventures to help protect them.” Werner is one of around 105.3 million sustainable US travelers preferring vacations that are devoted to giving back to the environment just as much — if not more than — they take. Ecotourism is difficult to define because, in reality, it’s no one type of trip. Instead, it’s any form of tourism that focuses on traveling to natural environments with a mission to learn about and, ultimately, help protect those environments. So, while some travelers book stays at eco-friendly places or go camping, others take advantage of offerings provided through eco-travel companies and tour operators. For instance, when Werner set out for the Galápagos Islands, she did so with Lindblad Expeditions, a company that operates eco-tours throughout remote and natural lands. Traveling from island to island on the ship, Werner learned and saw how each species of animals live in its unique environment. And aboard the trip was a team of naturalists devoted to teaching Werner and all of the ship’s passengers to learn about delicate ecosystems. “We want to help people get out there and explore, develop a better understanding of the Earth as well as its wonders and challenges and engage them in finding solutions,” says Sven-Olof Lindblad, founder of Lindblad Expeditions. “It’s one thing to be in New York City reading about climate change. It’s a completely different experience being in the Arctic and seeing the conditions of the ice and the animals there. It gives people an completely different relationship to the subject matter and can encourage change in a way that wouldn’t be possible otherwise,” Lindblad says. 1．What do we know about Brandy Werner? A．She doesn’t like going sightseeing. B．She prefers taking photos of animals. C．She wants to protect nature while traveling. D．She favors posting photos of animals online. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Ways to take eco-tours. B．Advantages of eco-tours. C．Different types of ecotourism. D．A brief introduction to ecotourism. 3．What can travelers do with Lindblad Expeditions? A．Learn about nature from experts. B．Camp on remote and natural lands. C．Explore minerals on different islands. D．Play with various species of animals. 4．What does Lindblad imply in the last paragraph? A．The earth is too complex to understand. B．Climate change is an unavoidable issue. C．Reading books about climate change matters. D．Exploring nature helps protect the environment. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】主要说明了生态旅行者旅行不只观光，还致力于保护环境。生态旅游没有统一形式，以探访自然、学习并保护生态为目标。实地体验自然能加深对气候问题的理解，激励人们保护环境。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段““I don’t just want to see this beautiful planet and its creatures,” says Brandy Werner, an eco-traveler from McHenry, Illinois. “I want my adventures to help protect them.” Werner is one of around 105.3 million sustainable US travelers preferring vacations that are devoted to giving back to the environment just as much — if not more than — they take.(来自伊利诺伊州麦克亨利的生态旅行者布兰迪・沃纳说：“我不只想欣赏这颗美丽的星球以及栖息于此的生物，我希望我的探险之旅能助力保护它们。” 在美国，约有 1.053 亿践行可持续旅行理念的游客，沃纳就是其中一员。他们选择的假期致力于回馈环境，其回馈力度就算不超过旅行从中索取的资源，至少也与之持平。)”可知，布兰迪·韦尔纳希望在旅行中保护自然。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Ecotourism is difficult to define because, in reality, it’s no one type of trip. Instead, it’s any form of tourism that focuses on traveling to natural environments with a mission to learn about and, ultimately, help protect those environments. So, while some travelers book stays at eco-friendly places or go camping, others take advantage of offerings provided through eco-travel companies and tour operators.(生态旅游很难被定义，因为实际上它并非单一的旅行形式。相反，它指的是任何以前往自然环境为目的、旨在了解并最终帮助保护这些环境的旅游方式。因此，一些游客选择入住环保型场所或去露营，而另一些人则利用生态旅游公司和旅行社提供的服务)”可知，第二段主要简要介绍生态旅游。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“And aboard the trip was a team of naturalists devoted to teaching Werner and all of the ship’s passengers to learn about delicate ecosystems.(在此次航行中，有一支自然学家团队，致力于向韦尔纳和所有船上的乘客传授有关脆弱生态系统的知识)”可知，旅行者可以和林德布拉德探险公司一起向专家学习自然知识。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““We want to help people get out there and explore, develop a better understanding of the Earth as well as its wonders and challenges and engage them in finding solutions,” says Sven-Olof Lindblad, founder of Lindblad Expeditions. “It’s one thing to be in New York City reading about climate change. It’s a completely different experience being in the Arctic and seeing the conditions of the ice and the animals there. It gives people an completely different relationship to the subject matter and can encourage change in a way that wouldn’t be possible otherwise,” Lindblad says.(林布拉德探险公司创始人斯文‑奥洛夫・林布拉德表示：“我们希望帮助人们走出去探索世界，更好地认识地球，了解它的奇观与危机，并让人们参与到寻找解决方案的行动中来。在纽约市阅读有关气候变化的资料是一回事；亲身来到北极，亲眼目睹冰层与当地动物的生存状况，则完全是另一番体验。这会让人们与这一议题建立全然不同的联结，并以其他方式无法实现的角度推动改变。”)”可知，林德布拉德在最后一段中暗示探索自然有助于保护环境。 D （25-26高二下·广东广州·期末）The mental health benefits of being in nature have long been acknowledged, whether through activities like listening to birdsong or taking a walk in the park. While birdwatchers are often seen as boring, it turns out that birders have been onto something all along. A recent study shows that even half an hour of birdwatching could make us happier and healthier. 1 One reason is biophilia, the belief that humans have an inborn bond with nature. When we spend time in natural surroundings, this connection makes us feel good. Birdwatching, therefore, directly satisfies this innate need and improves our well-being. 2 Research suggests that biodiversity acts as a natural medicine for humans, helping to reduce stress and encourage physical activity. Areas with a greater variety of bird species tend to offer more significant health benefits. 3 Mindfully embracing pleasant feelings while birdwatching benefits well-being much more than mere casual participation. In a study, participants either counted birds they spotted or rated their joy at seeing each species. Both groups gained mental well-being, but those focusing on joy saw the most striking improvement. Birdwatching can be awesome as well as joyful. Research suggests that experiencing awe of nature can be transformational for human well-being. “Noticing” is an essential aspect of awe. 4 Being in nature and noticing wildlife requires us to put all our heart into the activity, which in turn improves mental and physical health. Another reason is that birdwatching can produce an experience of psychological flow. 5 When birdwatchers become fully absorbed in identifying bird species, understanding their behaviors, and observing their actions, they naturally enter the flow state and experience a rush of endorphins and a profound sense of satisfaction. So grab your binoculars, head into nature and go birdwatching. Enjoy the experience and cherish every moment. A．So why is birdwatching so good for us? B．Biodiversity plays an important role too. C．Birdwatching can boost overall well-being. D．Noticing wildlife helps us live in the present. E．It is a unique mental state of effortless engagement. F．Birdwatching also contributes to positive emotional gains. G．It means our full attention is on the birds rather than ourselves. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．F 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍观鸟能够改善人们身心健康，并从亲近自然天性、生物多样性、积极情绪、敬畏自然、心流体验几个方面阐述观鸟带来益处的多重原因。 1．前文“A recent study shows that even half an hour of birdwatching could make us happier and healthier.(近期一项研究表明，哪怕仅观鸟半小时，也能让我们更快乐、更健康。)”提出观鸟有益身心健康的观点，后文分段详细介绍观鸟对人体有益的各类原因，A项“So why is birdwatching so good for us?(那么为什么观鸟对我们大有裨益呢？)”承接前文观点，引出下文原因分析，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 2．前文“Birdwatching, therefore, directly satisfies this innate need and improves our well-being.(因此，观鸟能够直接满足人类的天性需求，提升幸福感。)”介绍观鸟契合人类亲近自然的本能，后文“Research suggests that biodiversity acts as a natural medicine for humans, helping to reduce stress and encourage physical activity. Areas with a greater variety of bird species tend to offer more significant health benefits.(研究表明生物多样性是人类天然良药，有助减压、促进运动。鸟类物种越丰富的区域，健康收益越明显。)”围绕生物多样性的康养作用展开论述，B项“Biodiversity plays an important role too.(生物多样性同样起到重要作用。)”补充另一重益处，衔接前后文意，符合语境。 3．后文“Mindfully embracing pleasant feelings while birdwatching benefits well-being much more than mere casual participation. In a study, participants either counted birds they spotted or rated their joy at seeing each species. Both groups gained mental well-being, but those focusing on joy saw the most striking improvement.(观鸟时主动感受愉悦情绪，比随意观看更有益于身心健康。一项实验里，参与者一部分清点鸟类数量，一部分为见到每种鸟类的愉悦感打分。两组心理状态都有提升，但专注感受快乐的人改善效果最显著。)”重点说明用心观鸟可以收获积极情绪、改善心理状态，F项“Birdwatching also contributes to positive emotional gains.(观鸟还能带来积极的情绪收获。)”总领本段内容，概括段落核心主旨，符合语境。 4．前文“‘Noticing’ is an essential aspect of awe.(‘用心留意’是产生敬畏感的关键。)”指出用心观察是感受自然敬畏感的核心，后文“Being in nature and noticing wildlife requires us to put all our heart into the activity, which in turn improves mental and physical health.(身处自然、留意野生动物需要我们全身心投入这项活动，进而改善身心健康。)”说明用心观察自然的益处，G项“It means our full attention is on the birds rather than ourselves.(这意味着我们将全部注意力聚焦于鸟类，而非自身。)”承接前文“留意”的内涵，解释专注观察的意义，衔接后文内容，符合语境。 5．前文“Another reason is that birdwatching can produce an experience of psychological flow.(另一个原因是观鸟能让人产生心理上的心流体验。)”引出观鸟可带来心流体验这一观点，后文“When birdwatchers become fully absorbed in identifying bird species, understanding their behaviors, and observing their actions, they naturally enter the flow state and experience a rush of endorphins and a profound sense of satisfaction.(当观鸟者全身心投入辨别鸟类、了解习性、观察动作时，会自然进入心流状态，分泌内啡肽，获得强烈满足感。)”具体阐释心流状态的表现与收获，E项“It is a unique mental state of effortless engagement.(它是一种无需刻意费力、完全沉浸的独特心理状态。)”精准定义心流状态，衔接前后文，符合语境。 E （25-26高二下·浙江绍兴·期末）Renewable energy sources are abundant, regenerated by nature, and emit little to no greenhouse gases. Yet fossil fuels still account for nearly 60% of electricity generation. 1 Between 2015 and 2024, renewable electricity capacity jumped by 140%, while fossil fuel capacity grew only 16%. So why is there still an urgent need to accelerate the renewable energy transition? Renewables are all around us. About 80% of the global population lives in countries that are net-importers of fossil fuels. 2 The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) estimates that 90 percent of the world’s electricity can and should come from renewable energy by 2050. Renewable energy creates jobs. 3 For every dollar invested, renewables create three times as many jobs as fossil fuels. The IEA estimates that the transition towards net-zero emissions will lead to an overall increase in energy sector jobs: while about 5 million jobs in fossil fuel production could be lost by 2030, an estimated 14 million new jobs would be created in clean energy. 4 In 2024, $2 trillion (万亿) went into clean energy — $800 billion more than fossil fuels and up almost 70 per cent in ten years. Furthermore, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions are growing more slowly than the global economy. 5 However, investments in renewables will finally pay off. A．Renewable energy makes economic sense. B．The good news is that cleaner sources are gaining ground. C．Clean energy sector jobs already outnumber fossil fuel jobs. D．In contrast, renewable energy sources are available in all countries. E．The initial cost can be overwhelming for countries with limited resources. F．This means that more than 30 million jobs could be created in clean energy. G．Emissions growth slowed while the global economy expanded by 3 percent. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】文章介绍了发展可再生能源的多重价值，并指出当前清洁能源的发展已取得进展，但转型仍需加速，初期成本是部分国家的阻碍，但长期投资终将获得回报。 1．上文“Renewable energy sources are abundant, regenerated by nature, and emit little to no greenhouse gases. Yet fossil fuels still account for nearly 60% of electricity generation. (可再生能源资源丰富，由自然再生，且几乎不排放或极少排放温室气体。然而，化石燃料仍占电力生产总量的近60%。)”提出化石能源占比高的现状，下文“Between 2015 and 2024, renewable electricity capacity jumped by 140%, while fossil fuel capacity grew only 16%. (2015年至2024年间，可再生电力装机容量增长了140%，而化石燃料发电装机容量仅增长了16%。)”用数据说明可再生能源的快速增长，空处需承上启下，引出清洁能源发展的积极趋势。因此B项“The good news is that cleaner sources are gaining ground. (好消息是，清洁能源正逐步占据上风。)”符合语境，既承接上文的转折逻辑，又引出下文的增长数据。 2．上文“About 80% of the global population lives in countries that are net-importers of fossil fuels. (全球约80%的人口居住在化石燃料净进口国。)”说明化石能源分布不均、依赖进口的局限，下文“The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) estimates that 90 percent of the world’s electricity can and should come from renewable energy by 2050. (国际可再生能源机构(IRENA)估计，到2050年，全球90%的电力可以且应当来自可再生能源。)”展望可再生能源的发展前景，空处需对比二者的分布差异。因此D项“In contrast, renewable energy sources are available in all countries. (相比之下，可再生能源在所有国家都可获取。)”符合语境，承接上文化石能源的分布劣势，点明可再生能源的普适性，为下文的发展前景做铺垫。 3．本段主旨句是“Renewable energy creates jobs. (可再生能源创造就业机会。)”，下文“For every dollar invested, renewables create three times as many jobs as fossil fuels. (每投资一美元，可再生能源创造的就业岗位是化石燃料的三倍。)”用投入产出数据佐证可再生能源的优势，空处需衔接主题与数据，说明就业岗位的现状。因此C项“Clean energy sector jobs already outnumber fossil fuel jobs. (清洁能源领域的岗位数量已超过化石燃料领域。)”符合语境，承接创造就业的主题，下文的效率数据为其提供支撑。 4．下文“In 2024, $2 trillion (万亿) went into clean energy — $800 billion more than fossil fuels and up almost 70 per cent in ten years. Furthermore, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions are growing more slowly than the global economy. (2024年，全球投入清洁能源的资金达到2万亿美元，比化石燃料多出8000亿美元，十年间增长近70%。此外，与能源相关的二氧化碳排放增长速度也低于全球经济增速。)”和下文“However, investments in renewables will finally pay off. (然而，对可再生能源的投资终将获得回报。)”主要围绕可再生能源的投资与经济价值展开，空处为段首主旨句，需概括本段核心。因此A项“Renewable energy makes economic sense. (可再生能源具备经济价值。)”符合语境，能够总领全段，契合下文投资规模与长期回报的内容。 5．下文“However, investments in renewables will finally pay off. (然而，对可再生能源的投资终将获得回报。)”含转折，肯定可再生能源具有长期回报，空处应提及发展可再生能源的挑战与难题。因此E项“The initial cost can be overwhelming for countries with limited resources. (对于资源有限的国家而言，初期成本可能高得难以承担。)”符合语境，点明了可再生能源发展的初期成本障碍，与下文投资终将回报形成转折关系。 三、完形填空 A （25-26高二下·云南大理·阶段检测）Fio Silva is a talented muralist (壁画家) from Buenos Aires, Argentina. She lives in a common neighborhood of the city. She is good at painting beautiful murals with bright colors, bringing new life to ordinary city walls. Much of her inspiration comes from 1 . She has devoted nearly ten years to outdoor wall painting and gained high praise from local citizens. As Silva explains, “I think the idea that 2 me the most is that of movement and strength. I like painting 3 , especially birds, in a creative way. I try to make something that attracts people’s 4 not only for its colors or size. It is also something that can ‘be 5 ’ and tells you something.” Silva says that she took up her job almost 6 . “I began painting murals because a friend 7 me some spray cans (喷漆罐) for my birthday. And with that, I went to paint on the street for the first time, totally out of 8 . People in my neighborhood 9 gave up their walls to let me paint and there I fell in love with painting in the 10 space.” Silva is particularly careful with the 11 that she chooses to include in an artwork. As certain colors will 12 her feelings, producing a power that can transport the viewers from the 13 city surroundings into the quiet natural world. She often spends hours mixing different paint to get ideal tones before starting creation. City murals are wonderful public art that makes 14 life more beautiful. It is really exciting to see young artists keep their passion and use their skills to 15 the whole city. 1．A．science B．nature​ C．fashion​ D．book 2．A．moves B．worries C．frightens D．inspires 3．A．insects B．animals C．landscapes D．plants 4．A．talent B．respect C．attention D．wealth 5．A．read B．written C．bought​ D．taught 6．A．by design B．by chance​ C．on earth D．on purpose 7．A．lent​ B．passed​ C．sold​ D．sent 8．A．sight B．duty C．curiosity​ D．reach 9．A．warmly B．hopelessly C．strictly D．tiredly 10．A．narrow​ B．green C．public​ D．digital 11．A．brushes B．lines C．items D．colors 12．A．express B．receive C．hurt D．control 13．A．messy B．pretty​ C．noisy D．big 14．A．simple B．urban C．country D．healthy 15．A．turn up​ B．warm up​ C．carry out​ D．take out 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了阿根廷壁画家席尔瓦受自然启发创作壁画，偶然走上街头绘画之路，注重用色彩传递力量，将观众带入自然，其艺术点亮城市，令人振奋。 1．考查名词。句意：她的大部分灵感来自自然。A. science科学；B. nature自然；C. fashion时尚；D. book 书。结合后文“I like painting ________, especially birds, in a creative way.”可知，她喜欢画动物，尤其是鸟类，说明灵感源于自然。 2．考查动词。句意：正如席尔瓦所解释的那样：“我认为对我影响最大的理念是关于运动与力量的这一理念。”A. moves移动；B. worries担心；C. frightens使害怕；D. inspires激励；赋予灵感。前文“Much of her inspiration”讲创作灵感，以及下文“the most is that of movement and strength”可知，此处指理念带来启发。 3．考查名词。句意：我喜欢以富有创意的方式绘画动物，尤其是鸟类。A. insects昆虫；B. animals动物；C. landscapes风景；D. plants植物。根据后文“especially birds”可知，作者喜欢画动物。 4．考查名词。句意：我试图创作出一些作品，它们吸引人们的注意，并非仅仅是因为其颜色或大小。A. talent天赋；B. respect尊重；C. attention注意力；D. wealth财富。根据后文“not only for its colors or size”可知，作品能吸引人们的注意，并非仅仅是因为其颜色或大小。 5．考查动词。句意：这也是一种可以“被解读”的内容，它能告诉你某些信息。A. read阅读，理解；B. written写；C. bought购买；D. taught教。根据后文“and tells you something”可知，作品传递思想，可被观众理解读懂。 6．考查介词短语。句意：席尔瓦说，她从事这份工作完全是出于偶然。A. by design故意地；B. by chance偶然地；C. on earth究竟；D. on purpose故意地。根据后文“I went to paint on the street for the first time, totally out of_________”讲述作者偶然接触壁画的经历，因此是偶然开始了这份职业。 7．考查动词。句意：我开始画壁画是因为一位朋友在我生日时送了我一些喷漆罐。A. lent借出；B. passed传递；C. sold售卖；D. sent送。根据后文“me some spray cans for my birthday”可知，表明是生日礼物，因此是送。 8．考查名词。句意：就这样，我第一次走上街头画画，完全是出于好奇的缘故。A. sight视力；B. duty责任；C. curiosity好奇；D. reach伸手可及的距离。根据上文“And with that, I went to paint on the street for the first time”可知，作者第一次走上街头画画，完全是出于好奇的缘故。 9．考查副词。句意：我所在社区的居民们纷纷热情地把自己的墙让出来，让我在他们的院子里作画，就这样，我开始在公共空间里爱上绘画了。A. warmly热情地；B. hopelessly绝望地；C. strictly严格地；D. tiredly疲惫地。根据后文“gave up their walls to let me paint and I fell in love with painting”可知，她爱上街头绘画，说明邻居十分友好热心。 10．考查形容词。句意：我所在社区的居民们纷纷把自己的墙让出来，让我在他们的院子里作画，就这样，我开始在公共空间里爱上绘画了。A. narrow狭窄的；B. green绿色的；C. public公共的；D. digital数字的。根据上文“gave up their walls to let me paint”可知，街头墙壁属于公共空间。 11．考查名词。句意：席尔瓦在选择作品中的色彩时尤为谨慎。A. brushes刷子；B. lines线条；C. items物品；D. colors色彩。后文“as certain colors”明确提及色彩，此处指席尔瓦在选择作品中的色彩时尤为谨慎。 12．考查动词。句意：因为某些特定的色彩能够表达她想要表达的内容，产生一种力量，能够将观众从喧闹的城市环境带入到安静的自然世界之中。A. express表达；B. receive收到；C. hurt受伤；D. control控制。根据后文“her feelings, producing a power”可知，色彩能增强表达效果，传递更强的力量。 13．考查形容词。句意同上。A. messy凌乱的；B. pretty漂亮的；C. noisy嘈杂的；喧闹的；D. big大的。根据后文“into the quiet natural world”可知，此处对比安静的自然世界，说明城市环境的喧嚣。 14．考查形容词。句意：城市壁画是美妙的公共艺术，让都市生活更加美好。A. simple简单的；B. urban城市的；C. country农村的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“producing a power that can transport the viewers from the ________city surroundings into the quiet natural world”可知，此处讲述精美的艺术作品使得城市生活更美好。 15．考查动词短语。句意：看到艺术家们满怀热情，用他们的才华使整个城市焕发生机，真是令人振奋。A. turn up出现；B. warm up热身；C. carry out实施；D. take out取出。根据前文“young artists keep their passion and use their skills”可知，艺术家满怀热情的用壁画美化城市，让整个城市焕发生机。warm up此处表示“使活跃，焕发生机”，符合语境。 B （25-26高二下·河南信阳·期中）At the age of ten, most children spend their free time playing games or watching cartoons. Jo Nagai, however, 1 to raise swallowtail caterpillars (凤蝶幼虫) in his own home. What started as a childhood curiosity soon turned into a 2 breakthrough that astonished scientists worldwide. Jo designed a simple but clever experiment. He 3 caterpillars to connect a particular scent (气味) with an unpleasant experience. After the caterpillars 4 into butterflies, he tested them again. Scientists had always assumed that memories would disappear during this dramatic change, when a caterpillar literally breaks down and 5 itself inside the chrysalis (蛹). To everyone’s 6 , many butterflies still avoided the scent. Somehow, their memories had 7 the transformation. But Jo was not 8 with this discovery alone. He decided to push his research further. Jo 9 the experiment and examined the second generation. He wanted to know if the butterflies’ offspring (后代) would also 10 the same smell. The results were clear: the learned responses had been 11 to the next generation. This finding suggests something 12 about nature. Although butterflies do not 13 teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations. Jo Nagai’s story reminds us that scientific discovery has no 14 limit. With patience, creativity, and careful observation, even a young student can challenge established beliefs and 15 our understanding of the natural world. 1．A．hesitated B．pretended C．failed D．chose 2．A．medical B．scientific C．technological D．geological 3．A．trained B．killed C．counted D．followed 4．A．crashed B．divided C．transformed D．looked 5．A．rebuilds B．introduces C．protects D．recycles 6．A．regret B．surprise C．embarrassment D．relief 7．A．promoted B．delayed C．arranged D．survived 8．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．strict D．familiar 9．A．repeated B．published C．standardized D．funded 10．A．produce B．remove C．avoid D．absorb 11．A．held back B．given out C．figured out D．passed down 12．A．peaceful B．meaningful C．touching D．confusing 13．A．intentionally B．secretly C．successfully D．sincerely 14．A．space B．speed C．age D．size 15．A．block B．reflect C．assess D．expand 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了乔永井通过实验发现蝴蝶记忆可遗传的科学故事。 1．考查动词。句意：然而，Jo Nagai选择在自己家里饲养凤蝶幼虫。A. hesitated犹豫；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. chose选择。根据前文“most children spend their free time playing games or watching cartoons”以及“however”可知，大多数孩子玩乐，转折后说明他选择养幼虫。 2．考查形容词。句意：童年时的好奇心很快就变成了一个震惊全世界科学家的科学突破。A. medical医学的；B. scientific科学的；C. technological技术的；D. geological地质的。根据后文“astonished scientists worldwide”可知，Jo Nagai的发现震惊了全世界的科学家，说明这是一个科学突破。 3．考查动词。句意：他训练幼虫将一种特定的气味与不愉快的经历联系起来。A. trained训练；B. killed杀死；C. counted数；D. followed跟随。根据后文“to connect a particular scent with an unpleasant experience”可知，Jo Nagai让幼虫将一种特定的气味与不愉快的经历联系起来，这是对幼虫的训练。 4．考查动词。句意：幼虫变成蝴蝶后，他又对它们进行了测试。A. crashed碰撞；B. divided分开；C. transformed转变；D. looked看。根据后文“into butterflies”可知，幼虫变成了蝴蝶，transform into为固定短语，意为“转变成”。 5．考查动词。句意：科学家们一直认为，在毛毛虫发生巨大变化的过程中，记忆会消失，因为毛毛虫会在蛹中分解并重建自己。A. rebuilds重建；B. introduces介绍；C. protects保护；D. recycles回收。根据前文“when a caterpillar literally breaks down”可知，毛毛虫会在蛹中分解，然后重建自己。 6．考查名词。句意：令所有人惊讶的是，许多蝴蝶仍然避开这种气味。A. regret后悔；B. surprise惊讶；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. relief宽慰。根据后文“many butterflies still avoided the scent”可知，许多蝴蝶仍然避开这种气味，这与科学家们的预期相反，因此令他们惊讶。 7．考查动词。句意：不知何故，它们的记忆在转变中幸存了下来。A. promoted促进；B. delayed延迟；C. arranged安排；D. survived幸存。根据前文“many butterflies still avoided the scent”可知，许多蝴蝶仍然避开这种气味，说明它们的记忆在转变中幸存了下来。 8．考查形容词。句意：但Jo并不满足于这一发现。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. satisfied满足的；C. strict严格的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“He decided to push his research further.”可知，Jo决定进一步推进他的研究，说明他对这一发现并不满足。 9．考查动词。句意：Jo重复了这个实验，并检查了第二代。A. repeated重复；B. published出版；C. standardized使标准化；D. funded资助。根据后文“the experiment and examined the second generation”可知，想要继续研究、观察后代，需要重复实验。 10．考查动词。句意：他想知道蝴蝶的后代是否也会避开同样的气味。A. produce生产；B. remove移除；C. avoid避开；D. absorb吸收。根据前文“many butterflies still avoided the scent”可知，Jo想知道蝴蝶的后代是否也会避开同样的气味。 11．考查动词短语。句意：结果很清楚：学到的反应已经传给了下一代。A. held back阻碍；B. given out分发；C. figured out弄清楚；D. passed down传下来。根据后文“Although butterflies do not  ______  teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations.”可知，后代拥有相同反应，说明结果发现蝴蝶学到的反应已经传给了下一代。 12．考查形容词。句意：这一发现揭示了自然的一些有意义的东西。A. peaceful和平的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. touching感人的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“Although butterflies do not  ______  teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations.”可知，这一发现揭示了自然的一些有意义的东西，即蝴蝶虽然不会像人类父母那样有意地教导后代，但它们的生活经历仍然可以影响后代。 13．考查副词。句意：虽然蝴蝶不会像人类父母那样有意地教导后代，但它们的生活经历仍然可以影响后代。A. intentionally故意地；B. secretly秘密地；C. successfully成功地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据后文“teach their young like human parents do”可知，人类父母会有意地教导后代，而蝴蝶则不会。 14．考查名词。句意：Jo Nagai的故事提醒我们，科学发现没有年龄限制。A. space空间；B. speed速度；C. age年龄；D. size尺寸。根据后文“even a young student can challenge established beliefs”可知，即使是一个年轻的学生也可以挑战既定的信念，说明科学发现没有年龄限制。 15．考查动词。句意：只要有耐心、创造力和仔细的观察，即使是一个年轻的学生也可以挑战既定的信念，扩大我们对自然世界的理解。A. block阻止；B. reflect反映；C. assess评估；D. expand扩大。根据后文“our understanding of the natural world”可知，Jo Nagai的故事提醒我们，科学发现可以扩大我们对自然世界的理解。 C （25-26高二下·湖南长沙·期末）My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year, I 1 feeding peanuts to the blue jays (松鸦), then the squirrels. The squirrels had no problem coming up right to me for them. As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no 2 and didn’t escape. Slowly they came to 3 me, and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand. That second year, the rabbits 4 me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I 5 that a groundhog (土拨鼠) who used to run away was now taking an 6 interest in this food situation. I carefully extended a long carrot, with a keen eye on those teeth, and 7 , there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching (出声地嚼) on carrots. A few months later, while eating, the groundhog would even turn her back to me. 8 when she was facing away, I reached out and 9 scratched (挠) her back with my finger. She didn’t move. By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The groundhog 10 didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back, and I got an idea. I’d always 11 , while slicing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap. So one day, just to see how she would react, I gently 12 one on top of the groundhog’s head. Again, not a 13 . The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures. 14 she had a slice to eat, she never 15 the one on her head. It was a fair trade — I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat. 1．A．avoided B．started C．cancelled D．suggested 2．A．help B．cheat C．threat D．exception 3．A．trust B．miss C．admire D．appreciate 4．A．feared B．ignored C．discovered D．remembered 5．A．proved B．decided C．noticed D．understood 6．A．extreme B．increasing C．additional D．inspiring 7．A．before long B．long ago C．over and over D．all over again 8．A．Next B．Once C．Soon D．Lately 9．A．carefully B．suddenly C．violently D．patiently 10．A．also B．thus C．just D．still 11．A．thought B．doubted C．admitted D．recognised 12．A．fixed B．placed C．hung D．kept 13．A．tremble B．move C．delay D．hesitation 14．A．Even if B．Ever since C．As far as D．So long as 15．A．welcomed B．required C．bothered D．expected 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者在后院投喂小动物，慢慢获得兔子、土拨鼠信任，和它们建立起温馨亲密相处时光的趣味故事。 1．考查动词。句意：第一年，我开始给松鸦喂花生，之后又喂松鼠。A. avoided避免；B. started开始；C. cancelled取消；D. suggested建议。根据下文“The squirrels had no problem coming up right to me”可知，作者开启投喂小动物这件事。 2．考查名词。句意：几个月过去，兔子发现我并不是威胁，便不再逃跑。A. help帮助；B. cheat骗子；C. threat威胁；D. exception例外。根据下文“didn’t escape”可知，兔子确认作者不会伤害自己，不是一种威胁。 3．考查动词。句意：渐渐地它们开始信任我，到年末时，它们敢从我手中取食。A. trust信任；B. miss想念；C. admire钦佩；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“they were eating out of my hand”可知，动物们信任作者。 4．考查动词。句意：第二年，兔子记住了我，其中一只甚至会坐直身子等着胡萝卜片！A. feared害怕；B. ignored忽视；C. discovered发现；D. remembered记住。根据上文“the rabbits saw that I was no and didn’t escape”可知，第一年兔子已经亲近作者，第二年兔子记住了作者。 5．考查动词。句意：我喂兔子的时候，注意到一只从前总会逃跑的土拨鼠，如今对投喂食物这件事兴趣渐浓。A. proved证明；B. decided决定；C. noticed注意到；D. understood理解。根据上文“While I was feeding them”可知，此处指作者投喂时无意间观察到土拨鼠的变化。 6．考查形容词。句意：我喂兔子的时候，注意到一只从前总会逃跑的土拨鼠，如今对投喂食物这件事兴趣渐浓。A. extreme极端的；B. increasing不断增长的；C. additional额外的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据上文“who used to run away”可知，此处形成对比，表示土拨鼠的兴趣越来越浓厚。 7．考查副词短语。句意：我小心翼翼地递出一根长长的胡萝卜，紧紧盯着它的牙齿，不久之后，好几次我都能看到这只土拨鼠挨着兔子，一起啃胡萝卜。A. before long不久之后；B. long ago很久以前；C. over and over反复；D. all over again重新再来。根据上文“who used to run away was now taking an interest”可知，亲近进食是一段时间之后发生的变化。 8．考查副词。句意：有一回它背对着我时，我伸出手指，小心翼翼地挠了挠它的后背。A. Next接下来；B. Once有一次，一旦；C. Soon很快；D. Lately近来。根据下文“scratched (挠) her back”可知，此处是举例某一次具体发生的动作。 9．考查副词。句意：有一回它背对着我时，我伸出手指，小心翼翼地挠了挠它的后背。A. carefully小心地；B. suddenly突然地；C. violently猛烈地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文“who used to run away”可知，作者怕惊扰它，动作十分轻柔谨慎。 10．考查副词。句意：这只土拨鼠依旧完全不抗拒我挠它的后背，并且我想到了一个主意。A. also也；B. thus因此；C. just仅仅；D. still仍然。根据上文“She didn’t move”可知，时隔一年它依旧接受这个动作。 11．考查动词。句意：我切胡萝卜片的时候，一直觉得胡萝卜的尾部形状像一顶小帽子。A. thought觉得，认为；B. doubted怀疑；C. admitted承认；D. recognised认出。根据下文“on top of the groundhog’s head”可知，作者觉得胡萝卜根像帽子。 12．考查动词。句意：于是某天，为了看看它是什么反应，我轻轻把一截胡萝卜头放在了土拨鼠头顶。A. fixed修理，固定；B. placed放置；C. hung悬挂；D. kept保持。根据下文“on top of the groundhog’s head”可知，作者把胡萝卜头放在了土拨鼠头顶，place sth. on sth. 表示“把某物放在某物之上”。 13．考查名词。句意：这一次，它依旧一动不动。A. tremble颤抖；B. move移动；C. delay拖延；D. hesitation犹豫。根据上文“She didn’t move”可知，这次土拨鼠头顶被放东西也没有挪动一下。 14．考查连词。句意：只要它嘴里有胡萝卜片吃，就完全不在意头顶上顶着的那截“小帽子”。A. Even if即使；B. Ever since自从；C. As far as就……而言；D. So long as只要。根据下文“she had a slice to eat”可知，前后是条件关系：只要有食物吃，它就不在乎头上的东西。 15．考查动词。句意：只要它嘴里有胡萝卜片吃，就完全不在意头顶上顶着的那截“小帽子”。A. welcomed欢迎；B. required需要；C. bothered困扰，烦心；D. expected期待。根据上文“Again, not a ”可知，头顶的胡萝卜头没有打扰到土拨鼠。 四、书信写作 A （26-27高二上·全国·课后作业）假定你是李华，你校将举办一场中国传统艺术展。请给你的英国朋友David写一封邀请信，内容包括： 1. 展览的时间、地点； 2. 展览的内容（如剪纸、国画、传统手工艺品等）； 3. 期待他的到来。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Dear David, I am writing to cordially invite you to the upcoming Chinese Traditional Art Exhibition in our school. It will be held in the school auditorium from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm next Saturday. A wide range of traditional artworks will be on display, such as delicate paper-cuttings, elegant Chinese paintings and unique handicrafts. I believe this is a great opportunity for you to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture. I am eager to share the charm of Chinese traditional art with you. Looking forward to your visit.                                                                                                                       Best regards,                               Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，给英国朋友David写一封邀请信，邀请他参加学校举办的中国传统艺术展，内容需涵盖：展览的时间地点、展览内容（如剪纸、国画、传统手工艺品等）以及期待对方到来。 1.词汇积累   诚挚地：cordially→sincerely 展出：on display→on show 精美的：delicate→exquisite 优雅的：elegant→graceful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句   原句：It will be held in the school auditorium from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm next Saturday. 拓展句：The activity that will be held next Saturday in the school auditorium lasts from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm.   【点睛】【高分句型1】A wide range of traditional artworks will be on display, such as delicate paper-cuttings, elegant Chinese paintings and unique handicrafts.(运用了such as引导的举例说明结构)   【高分句型2】I believe this is a great opportunity for you to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture. (运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句) B （25-26高二下·黑龙江鸡西·开学考试）假定你是李华，过去的几个月里，你坚持每周记录家附近公园里某种植物的生长，收获颇丰。请给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的观察内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, Hope you’re doing well. I’m writing to share a meaningful experience with you. Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth — from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn. This experience taught me so much. Not only did I learn about the rose’s growth cycle, but I also cultivated patience and attentiveness. Moreover, these weekly moments in nature relaxed me and helped relieve the pressure of my studies. Have you ever had a similar experience? Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，介绍自己在家附近公园里的观察内容和收获。 1.词汇积累 记录：record→keep records of 培养：cultivate→develop/foster 缓解：relieve→alleviate 使某人放松：relax sb→make sb relaxed 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth — from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn. 拓展句：Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth, which ranged from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Over the past several months, I have made weekly observations of a rose in the park near my home, carefully recording its growth — from the sprouting of buds in spring, to its beautiful bloom in summer, and even its withering in late autumn.（运用了现在分词recording作状语） 【高分句型2】Not only did I learn about the rose’s growth cycle, but I also cultivated patience and attentiveness（运用了Not only位于句首引起的部分倒装） C （26-27高三上·福建泉州·阶段检测）校英文报新增“环境热议”专栏，话题“当今生态环境受到影响，该依靠自然自我疗愈，还是科技修复”引发讨论。请你给栏目投稿，内容包括： （1）你的观点； （2）阐述理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nature’s Healing: Hands Off or Hands On? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Nature’s Healing: Hands Off or Hands On? From my perspective, restoring damaged ecosystems requires a wise combination of respecting nature’s self-healing power and applying advanced technology.   Nature has an incredible ability to recover on its own: when protected from human disturbance like deforestation or overfishing, degraded forests and wetlands can gradually regenerate, supporting native wildlife naturally. However, for severely polluted areas or species on the edge of extinction, technology offers critical help — such as AI monitoring for endangered animals and eco-friendly cleanup tools. Only by balancing the two can we best protect our planet. 【导语】题目要求围绕“生态修复依靠自然自我疗愈还是科技修复”这一话题写一篇文章投稿，需明确表明个人观点并阐述理由。 1. 词汇积累 方面，层面：perspective → viewpoint 能力：ability → capability 至关重要的：critical → crucial 保护：protect → safeguard 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, for severely polluted areas or species on the edge of extinction, technology offers critical help — such as AI monitoring for endangered animals and eco-friendly cleanup tools. 拓展句：However, for severely polluted areas or species on the edge of extinction, technology offers critical help — such as AI monitoring for endangered animals and eco-friendly cleanup tools, which can significantly improve conservation outcomes. 【点睛】[高分句型1] From my perspective, restoring damaged ecosystems requires a wise combination of respecting nature’s self-healing power and applying advanced technology. (运用了动名词短语作主语) [高分句型2] Only by balancing the two can we best protect our planet. (运用了“only+状语”置于句首的部分倒装结构) 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 4~6（语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 语法填空 A 介绍画家丰子恺童年学画的经历，结合中国基础美术教育文献展，展现我国基础美术教育的发展与美育价值 语法填空 B 介绍牡丹在中国文化里 “花中之王” 的地位，讲述牡丹的历史、文学艺术寓意，以及牡丹文化节推动中外文化交流的现状 语法填空 C 介绍伦敦邱园以中国为主题的兰花节，依托兰花这一花中君子，展现生物多样性，促进中英两国植物保护与文化交流 阅读理解 A 介绍两款 AI 气象预测模型盘古气象大模型与 NowcastNet，讲解它们在极端天气预报上的优势，探讨 AI 在气象领域的应用前景 阅读理解 B 介绍 Whale-SETI 科研团队的实验，研究座头鲸与人之间的声音互动，发现座头鲸能够回应人类播放的鲸类叫声，愿意开展友好交流 阅读理解 C 介绍生态旅游，以生态旅行者 Brandy Werner 为例，说明生态旅游以探访自然、学习并保护生态环境为目标，实地体验有助于人们树立环保意识 七选五 D 介绍观鸟有益于身心健康，从亲近自然天性、生物多样性、积极情绪、敬畏自然、心流体验多个角度阐释观鸟带来身心增益的原因 七选五 E 介绍可再生能源的优势，分析清洁能源发展现状，从创造就业、经济价值等角度说明加速能源转型的必要性，同时指出初期投入成本的挑战 完形填空 A 讲述阿根廷壁画家 Fio Silva 的创作故事，她从自然获取灵感，偶然开启街头壁画创作，巧用色彩，用壁画美化城市公共空间 完形填空 B 讲述少年 Jo Nagai 饲养凤蝶幼虫做实验，发现蝴蝶的记忆可以跨蛹期保留，还能遗传给后代，说明科学发现没有年龄限制 完形填空 C 讲述作者在后院长期投喂野兔与土拨鼠，慢慢赢得动物信任，和小动物之间建立温馨治愈的相处故事 书信写作 A 李华写信邀请英国朋友 David 参加学校举办的中国传统艺术展，介绍展览时间地点以及剪纸、国画等展品，期待对方前来参观 书信写作 B 李华给英国朋友 Tom 写邮件，分享自己坚持数周观察记录公园玫瑰生长的经历，讲述观察过程以及从中收获的耐心与放松 投稿写作 C 英文专栏投稿，围绕生态修复该依靠自然自愈还是科技干预展开论述，提出观点：需要将自然自愈能力和科技修复相结合 一、语法填空 A （25-26高二下·浙江杭州·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Painter Feng Zikai (1898-1975) recalled his childhood enlightenment as he learned about painting in his article 1 (pen) in 1934. When he studied Chinese poetry and the Three-Character Classic, he found himself, instead of 2 (catch) by the text, seized by the illustrations. These images were so impressive that he began coloring them using paints from his family’s dyehouse. “The children new to school enjoy coloring images in textbooks,” says Li Hongbo, 3 art professor at Jilin Normal University. “They may have limited understanding of colors, but they often take pride 4 their ‘creations’ and find endless pleasure from such activities. These phenomena can serve as a gateway for children to learn about painting 5 reveal that textbooks from other subjects can contribute to the fundamental fine arts education,” says Li. Feng’s story is being shown 6 (visible) in the ongoing Mirror to the Future: Chinese Basic Art Education Literature Exhibition, 7 highlight is to show the development of the country’s fundamental fine arts education since 1904. This exhibition 8 (display) the rich value of fine arts education in enhancing the ability to appreciate beauty, cultivate the soul and stimulate innovation. It also makes possible the 9 (integrate) of the rich resources into the field of education, giving full play to 10 (they) roles of preserving history and educating people. B （25-26高二下·黑龙江·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The peony (牡丹), often referred to as the King of Flowers, holds 1 special place in Chinese culture, symbolizing prosperity (繁荣), honor, and beauty. The history of peonies in China dates back 2 the Qin Dynasty (221 BCE-207 BCE). By the Tang Dynasty (618-907), peonies had become a symbol of wealth and status, earning the title “national flower”. In ancient Chinese culture, peonies 3 (celebrate) not only for their beauty but also for their symbolic meanings. Peonies also played a significant role in literature and art. During the Tang Dynasty, poets and artists frequently praised peonies in their works, 4 (use) the flower as a metaphor (隐喻) for beauty and the prosperity of the state. The peony’s image became 5 (deep) rooted in the consciousness of the Chinese people, 6 influenced various aspects of cultural expression. In recent years, the peony has gained 7 (power) support to be officially recognized as China’s national flower. Peony festivals are a major cultural event in China, attracting millions of tourists annually. Cities like Luoyang and Heze, 8 (know) as the “Peony capitals of China”, host grand celebrations including peony exhibitions, cultural performances, and trade 9 (fair). These festivals serve as platforms for cultural exchange and mutual learning, promoting the peony’s significance both domestically 10 internationally. C （25-26高二下·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 London’s Kew Gardens has opened its 30th annual Orchid Festival, themed around China this year. It ran from Feb. 7 to March 8, 1 by chance also fell within Spring Festival. Lantern-style lighting and the scent of blooming flowers lent the gardens a 2 (festival) atmosphere. Orchids are cherished in both countries and in Chinese tradition are regarded as one of the “Four Gentlemen of Flowers,” symbolising “integrity, resilience 3 a noble character.” They are also sensitive 4 environmental change, reminding people of plant conservation and international scientific 5 (collaborate). Richard Deverell, a director of the Kew Gardens, said that choosing China as the theme this year was “because it’s one of the most biodiverse countries in the world,” 6 (possess) over 1,700 species of orchids. The festival, he said, aims to tell visitors two intertwined stories at once — biodiversity and the cultural traditions rooted in it. At the opening reception, Chinese Ambassador to Britain Zheng Zeguang 7 (acknowledge) Kew’s long-standing connection with botanists and conservationists in China, expressing hope for 8 (far) environmental achievements in both countries. Also contributing to the event was Chinese ink painter Gu Xiaolan, who brought orchid-themed 9 (work) to the exhibition. She added that the garden’s staff had adjusted lighting, temperature and humidity conditions for her, a gesture she described as both professional and thoughtful. Juliet Petrus, a London-based musician studying Chinese music, said the festival felt like a cultural bridge that uses flowers 10 (connect) different traditions and scientific knowledge. 二、阅读理解 A （25-26高二下·福建莆田·期末）With global temperatures climbing and sea levels rising, extreme weather events are becoming an everyday reality. Getting informed in time to prepare for a disastrous hurricane or heat wave could be the disparity between life and death. Now AI can help. Two studies published in the journal Nature described the benefits of two AI models that could improve weather forecasting. The first AI-based system, developed by the Huawei Cloud team, is known as Pangu-Weather. It is capable of predicting global weather a week in advance. Before it came out, most countries relied on mathematical weather prediction models. What makes Pangu-Weather different is that the Pangu-Weather model is deeply trained with the help of 39-year global weather data, preparing it to forecast temperature, pressure, and wind speed. When compared to the mathematical weather prediction method, Pangu-Weather is 10,000 times faster and no less accurate. Pangu-Weather can predict weather patterns 5 to 7 days in advance. However, it can’t forecast precipitation (降水). As precipitation prediction is vital for extreme weather forecasting, a second Nature model, NowcastNet, fills this gap. It can accurately predict rainfall 6 hours ahead, helping meteorologists (气象学家) study weather patterns in real-time more effectively. NowcastNet focuses on detailed, realistic descriptions of extreme rainfall patterns. It uses radar observations from the US and China, as well as deep learning methods, to predict precipitation rates over a 1.6-million-square-mile region of the eastern and central US up to 3 hours in advance. 62 meteorologists from China tested NowcastNet and ranked it first, out of four other leading weather forecasting methods, in reliably predicting heavy rain. While generative AI models have good prospects in weather forecasting, experts point out that replacing existing systems has many challenges. However, in 5 to 10 years, these models may surprise us. 1．What does the underlined word “disparity” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Balance. B．Relationship. C．Difference. D．Comparison. 2．What’s special about Pangu-Weather? A．Theory-based. B．Human-operated. C．Data-driven. D．Cloud-powered. 3．What is an advantage of NowcastNet? A．It reduces radar errors on a large scale. B．It predicts downpours with high accuracy. C．It observes rain data from global countries. D．It tracks extreme weather 24 hours in advance. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The impacts of climate change on extreme weather events. B．The introduction to high-tech weather-forecasting models. C．The explanation of new measures to protect the environment. D．The challenges in using generative AI in weather forecasting. B （25-26高二下·陕西汉中·期中）Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has arisen: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声音的) interactions with whales? To find out the answer, researchers from the Whale-SETI team have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales (座头鲸). When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a “whup”, and played it underwater around their research boat, it was eye-opening for them to find a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a whup call. Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them. This was described as “conversation” in a PeerJ paper. “It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call when other creatures come together or just to signal that they are in a certain location,” says Josephine Hubbard, an animal behaviorist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced. She circled around the scientists’ boat and produced more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about her is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t an environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” said Hubbard. Humpback whales also produced “bubble (气泡) rings” close to boats suggesting that they were being playful and doing it in a relaxed manner. All the findings showed humpback whales enjoyed friendly encounters with humans. Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the nature of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more outgoing than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To explain a new concept. B．To lead into the topic. C．To prove the researchers’ opinions. D．To show the popularity of humpback whales. 2．What may Hubbard agree with? A．Whales’ calls mean that danger is coming. B．Twain was forced to stay and respond to humans. C．The “whup” call is a greeting or location signal. D．It is impossible to understand whales’ real feelings. 3．Why did humpback whales produce “bubble rings” to boats? A．To show playfulness and relaxation. B．To show their sense of hunger. C．To warn humans to leave the sea area. D．To hunt fish near the research boats. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to protect humpback whales in nature. B．Different kinds of calls made by large whales. C．The living habits of humpback whales in the ocean. D．Research on human-humpback whale communication. C （26-27高二上·河南开封·阶段检测）A mother sea lion nurses her baby on the beaches of the Galapagos. A whale breaks the waves off the coast of Antarctica. These are sights that all travelers enjoy, taking photos crazily and posting them online as soon as Wi-Fi allows. But for a growing body of eco-minded travelers, those photos are only as valuable as they are beneficial to the sights they capture (捕捉). “I don’t just want to see this beautiful planet and its creatures,” says Brandy Werner, an eco-traveler from McHenry, Illinois. “I want my adventures to help protect them.” Werner is one of around 105.3 million sustainable US travelers preferring vacations that are devoted to giving back to the environment just as much — if not more than — they take. Ecotourism is difficult to define because, in reality, it’s no one type of trip. Instead, it’s any form of tourism that focuses on traveling to natural environments with a mission to learn about and, ultimately, help protect those environments. So, while some travelers book stays at eco-friendly places or go camping, others take advantage of offerings provided through eco-travel companies and tour operators. For instance, when Werner set out for the Galápagos Islands, she did so with Lindblad Expeditions, a company that operates eco-tours throughout remote and natural lands. Traveling from island to island on the ship, Werner learned and saw how each species of animals live in its unique environment. And aboard the trip was a team of naturalists devoted to teaching Werner and all of the ship’s passengers to learn about delicate ecosystems. “We want to help people get out there and explore, develop a better understanding of the Earth as well as its wonders and challenges and engage them in finding solutions,” says Sven-Olof Lindblad, founder of Lindblad Expeditions. “It’s one thing to be in New York City reading about climate change. It’s a completely different experience being in the Arctic and seeing the conditions of the ice and the animals there. It gives people an completely different relationship to the subject matter and can encourage change in a way that wouldn’t be possible otherwise,” Lindblad says. 1．What do we know about Brandy Werner? A．She doesn’t like going sightseeing. B．She prefers taking photos of animals. C．She wants to protect nature while traveling. D．She favors posting photos of animals online. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Ways to take eco-tours. B．Advantages of eco-tours. C．Different types of ecotourism. D．A brief introduction to ecotourism. 3．What can travelers do with Lindblad Expeditions? A．Learn about nature from experts. B．Camp on remote and natural lands. C．Explore minerals on different islands. D．Play with various species of animals. 4．What does Lindblad imply in the last paragraph? A．The earth is too complex to understand. B．Climate change is an unavoidable issue. C．Reading books about climate change matters. D．Exploring nature helps protect the environment. D （25-26高二下·广东广州·期末）The mental health benefits of being in nature have long been acknowledged, whether through activities like listening to birdsong or taking a walk in the park. While birdwatchers are often seen as boring, it turns out that birders have been onto something all along. A recent study shows that even half an hour of birdwatching could make us happier and healthier. 1 One reason is biophilia, the belief that humans have an inborn bond with nature. When we spend time in natural surroundings, this connection makes us feel good. Birdwatching, therefore, directly satisfies this innate need and improves our well-being. 2 Research suggests that biodiversity acts as a natural medicine for humans, helping to reduce stress and encourage physical activity. Areas with a greater variety of bird species tend to offer more significant health benefits. 3 Mindfully embracing pleasant feelings while birdwatching benefits well-being much more than mere casual participation. In a study, participants either counted birds they spotted or rated their joy at seeing each species. Both groups gained mental well-being, but those focusing on joy saw the most striking improvement. Birdwatching can be awesome as well as joyful. Research suggests that experiencing awe of nature can be transformational for human well-being. “Noticing” is an essential aspect of awe. 4 Being in nature and noticing wildlife requires us to put all our heart into the activity, which in turn improves mental and physical health. Another reason is that birdwatching can produce an experience of psychological flow. 5 When birdwatchers become fully absorbed in identifying bird species, understanding their behaviors, and observing their actions, they naturally enter the flow state and experience a rush of endorphins and a profound sense of satisfaction. So grab your binoculars, head into nature and go birdwatching. Enjoy the experience and cherish every moment. A．So why is birdwatching so good for us? B．Biodiversity plays an important role too. C．Birdwatching can boost overall well-being. D．Noticing wildlife helps us live in the present. E．It is a unique mental state of effortless engagement. F．Birdwatching also contributes to positive emotional gains. G．It means our full attention is on the birds rather than ourselves. E （25-26高二下·浙江绍兴·期末）Renewable energy sources are abundant, regenerated by nature, and emit little to no greenhouse gases. Yet fossil fuels still account for nearly 60% of electricity generation. 1 Between 2015 and 2024, renewable electricity capacity jumped by 140%, while fossil fuel capacity grew only 16%. So why is there still an urgent need to accelerate the renewable energy transition? Renewables are all around us. About 80% of the global population lives in countries that are net-importers of fossil fuels. 2 The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) estimates that 90 percent of the world’s electricity can and should come from renewable energy by 2050. Renewable energy creates jobs. 3 For every dollar invested, renewables create three times as many jobs as fossil fuels. The IEA estimates that the transition towards net-zero emissions will lead to an overall increase in energy sector jobs: while about 5 million jobs in fossil fuel production could be lost by 2030, an estimated 14 million new jobs would be created in clean energy. 4 In 2024, $2 trillion (万亿) went into clean energy — $800 billion more than fossil fuels and up almost 70 per cent in ten years. Furthermore, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions are growing more slowly than the global economy. 5 However, investments in renewables will finally pay off. A．Renewable energy makes economic sense. B．The good news is that cleaner sources are gaining ground. C．Clean energy sector jobs already outnumber fossil fuel jobs. D．In contrast, renewable energy sources are available in all countries. E．The initial cost can be overwhelming for countries with limited resources. F．This means that more than 30 million jobs could be created in clean energy. G．Emissions growth slowed while the global economy expanded by 3 percent. 三、完形填空 A （25-26高二下·云南大理·阶段检测）Fio Silva is a talented muralist (壁画家) from Buenos Aires, Argentina. She lives in a common neighborhood of the city. She is good at painting beautiful murals with bright colors, bringing new life to ordinary city walls. Much of her inspiration comes from 1 . She has devoted nearly ten years to outdoor wall painting and gained high praise from local citizens. As Silva explains, “I think the idea that 2 me the most is that of movement and strength. I like painting 3 , especially birds, in a creative way. I try to make something that attracts people’s 4 not only for its colors or size. It is also something that can ‘be 5 ’ and tells you something.” Silva says that she took up her job almost 6 . “I began painting murals because a friend 7 me some spray cans (喷漆罐) for my birthday. And with that, I went to paint on the street for the first time, totally out of 8 . People in my neighborhood 9 gave up their walls to let me paint and there I fell in love with painting in the 10 space.” Silva is particularly careful with the 11 that she chooses to include in an artwork. As certain colors will 12 her feelings, producing a power that can transport the viewers from the 13 city surroundings into the quiet natural world. She often spends hours mixing different paint to get ideal tones before starting creation. City murals are wonderful public art that makes 14 life more beautiful. It is really exciting to see young artists keep their passion and use their skills to 15 the whole city. 1．A．science B．nature​ C．fashion​ D．book 2．A．moves B．worries C．frightens D．inspires 3．A．insects B．animals C．landscapes D．plants 4．A．talent B．respect C．attention D．wealth 5．A．read B．written C．bought​ D．taught 6．A．by design B．by chance​ C．on earth D．on purpose 7．A．lent​ B．passed​ C．sold​ D．sent 8．A．sight B．duty C．curiosity​ D．reach 9．A．warmly B．hopelessly C．strictly D．tiredly 10．A．narrow​ B．green C．public​ D．digital 11．A．brushes B．lines C．items D．colors 12．A．express B．receive C．hurt D．control 13．A．messy B．pretty​ C．noisy D．big 14．A．simple B．urban C．country D．healthy 15．A．turn up​ B．warm up​ C．carry out​ D．take out B （25-26高二下·河南信阳·期中）At the age of ten, most children spend their free time playing games or watching cartoons. Jo Nagai, however, 1 to raise swallowtail caterpillars (凤蝶幼虫) in his own home. What started as a childhood curiosity soon turned into a 2 breakthrough that astonished scientists worldwide. Jo designed a simple but clever experiment. He 3 caterpillars to connect a particular scent (气味) with an unpleasant experience. After the caterpillars 4 into butterflies, he tested them again. Scientists had always assumed that memories would disappear during this dramatic change, when a caterpillar literally breaks down and 5 itself inside the chrysalis (蛹). To everyone’s 6 , many butterflies still avoided the scent. Somehow, their memories had 7 the transformation. But Jo was not 8 with this discovery alone. He decided to push his research further. Jo 9 the experiment and examined the second generation. He wanted to know if the butterflies’ offspring (后代) would also 10 the same smell. The results were clear: the learned responses had been 11 to the next generation. This finding suggests something 12 about nature. Although butterflies do not 13 teach their young like human parents do, their life experiences can still shape future generations. Jo Nagai’s story reminds us that scientific discovery has no 14 limit. With patience, creativity, and careful observation, even a young student can challenge established beliefs and 15 our understanding of the natural world. 1．A．hesitated B．pretended C．failed D．chose 2．A．medical B．scientific C．technological D．geological 3．A．trained B．killed C．counted D．followed 4．A．crashed B．divided C．transformed D．looked 5．A．rebuilds B．introduces C．protects D．recycles 6．A．regret B．surprise C．embarrassment D．relief 7．A．promoted B．delayed C．arranged D．survived 8．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．strict D．familiar 9．A．repeated B．published C．standardized D．funded 10．A．produce B．remove C．avoid D．absorb 11．A．held back B．given out C．figured out D．passed down 12．A．peaceful B．meaningful C．touching D．confusing 13．A．intentionally B．secretly C．successfully D．sincerely 14．A．space B．speed C．age D．size 15．A．block B．reflect C．assess D．expand C （25-26高二下·湖南长沙·期末）My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year, I 1 feeding peanuts to the blue jays (松鸦), then the squirrels. The squirrels had no problem coming up right to me for them. As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no 2 and didn’t escape. Slowly they came to 3 me, and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand. That second year, the rabbits 4 me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I 5 that a groundhog (土拨鼠) who used to run away was now taking an 6 interest in this food situation. I carefully extended a long carrot, with a keen eye on those teeth, and 7 , there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching (出声地嚼) on carrots. A few months later, while eating, the groundhog would even turn her back to me. 8 when she was facing away, I reached out and 9 scratched (挠) her back with my finger. She didn’t move. By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The groundhog 10 didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back, and I got an idea. I’d always 11 , while slicing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap. So one day, just to see how she would react, I gently 12 one on top of the groundhog’s head. Again, not a 13 . The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures. 14 she had a slice to eat, she never 15 the one on her head. It was a fair trade — I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat. 1．A．avoided B．started C．cancelled D．suggested 2．A．help B．cheat C．threat D．exception 3．A．trust B．miss C．admire D．appreciate 4．A．feared B．ignored C．discovered D．remembered 5．A．proved B．decided C．noticed D．understood 6．A．extreme B．increasing C．additional D．inspiring 7．A．before long B．long ago C．over and over D．all over again 8．A．Next B．Once C．Soon D．Lately 9．A．carefully B．suddenly C．violently D．patiently 10．A．also B．thus C．just D．still 11．A．thought B．doubted C．admitted D．recognised 12．A．fixed B．placed C．hung D．kept 13．A．tremble B．move C．delay D．hesitation 14．A．Even if B．Ever since C．As far as D．So long as 15．A．welcomed B．required C．bothered D．expected 四、书信写作 A （26-27高二上·全国·课后作业）假定你是李华，你校将举办一场中国传统艺术展。请给你的英国朋友David写一封邀请信，内容包括： 1. 展览的时间、地点； 2. 展览的内容（如剪纸、国画、传统手工艺品等）； 3. 期待他的到来。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ B （25-26高二下·黑龙江鸡西·开学考试）假定你是李华，过去的几个月里，你坚持每周记录家附近公园里某种植物的生长，收获颇丰。请给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的观察内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua C （26-27高三上·福建泉州·阶段检测）校英文报新增“环境热议”专栏，话题“当今生态环境受到影响，该依靠自然自我疗愈，还是科技修复”引发讨论。请你给栏目投稿，内容包括： （1）你的观点； （2）阐述理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nature’s Healing: Hands Off or Hands On? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $