高考预测练 (17) 阅读理解之应用文（课时作业）-【名师大课堂】2027年高考英语艺术生总复习必备

是我们今天所知道的公认事实’。一些人甚至认为‘过多的 体育活动对你的健康有害’。从事体育锻炼的矿工和农民也 会患上各种疾病，英年早逝)”可知，当时认为锻炼会对健康 有害，即锻炼没有引起研究人员的注意。故划线词意思是 “引起研究人员的注意”。故选D。 考点3 l,C词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“California is speeding up the launch of its robotaxi,(加利福尼亚州正在加快推出其自 动驾驶出租车。)”和“Last week,California officials voted to remove most restrictions for the two leading self-driving car companies,Waymo and Cruise,letting them charge for rides anywhere in the city24/7.(上周，加州官员投票决定取消对 Waymo和Cruise这两家领先的自动驾驶汽车公司的大部分 限制，允许他们在城市的任何地方全天候收费。)”可知，加利 福尼亚州加快推出自动驾驶出租车，解除了对自动驾驶汽车 的大部分限制，由此可推测出，this指代前文内容，在这里表 示自动驾驶出租车即将在加利福尼亚州全力前进。故选C。 2.A 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“CellOT is a groundbreaking approach that identifies the distinct reactions individual cells within a larger population can have to a drug. The average response of a cell population often does not capture the full complexity of how certain tumor cells survive or develop resistance to drugs.(celllot是一种突破性的方 法，可以识别更大群体中的单个细胞对药物的不同反应。细 胞群对于药物的平均反应通常不能反映某些肿瘤细胞如何 生存或产生耐药性的全部复杂性)”可知，“CellOT addresses this”指的是CellOT能解决前人解决不了的问题，即上文的 “找出组成群体的每个细胞对药物的不同反应”，也就是 “various responses of a cell population to drugs”。故选A。 3.B 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Elephants know unguarded roads are dangerous..(大象知道无人看守的道路 很危险。)”可知，大象知道无人看守的道路很危险，说明无守 卫道路是优先偷猎的地，点。故划线词指的是“无守卫的道 路”。故选B。 4.C词句猜测题。“That was part of the point'”这句话的意思 是“那正是（我们引入Al的）部分目的”。在行文中，that一 般代指其上文所说的事物或事情。结合上文“One of Fringe's big shows used a small robot to come up with jokes from audiences'suggestions,which were then performed by humans.The results could be very funny,but sometimes they weren't funny at all..(《边缘》的一个大型节目使用一个小型 机器人根据观众的建议想出笑话，然后由人类表演。结果可 能非常有趣，但有时它们一点也不有趣)”可知，机器人的笑 话有时并不好笑导致公司引入Al。由此可知，that指代“机 器人的笑话有时不好笑”。故选C。 5.B词句猜测题。that指代上文提到的事情，根据第四段中 "researched on the science behind how horror movies are in many ways ideal as a specific vehicle for meeting this need to be scared(研究了恐怖电影恐怖电影是满足恐惧需求的理想 载体背后的科学原理)”可知，That指代上文内容“this need to be scared(对害怕这一情绪的需求)”，故选B项。 考点4 l.D词句猜测题。根据前面三段讲述的Anthony Perry在火 车站英勇救助跌落在铁轨上的受害者，以及画线词的上文 "The evening news reported the incident.After a friend outed him to the media(晚间新闻报道了这一事件。在一个朋友向 媒体透露他之后)”可推知，观众在知道是Anthony Perry做 出这样英勇无私的举动后，应该会非常敬佩这位英雄。由此 推知，画线句意思应该是Perry成了芝加哥受欢迎和尊敬的 人。故选D项。 2.B词句猜测题。根据画线句的句意“But there's more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone down-and-out,(但是成品不仅仅是给那些穷困潦倒的人带来 的钱)”和其后边句子“He's discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting,finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked or stereotyped(（刻板印象).（他发 现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到他们可能 忽略或刻板印象中的人物的相似之处并和他们建立友谊)” 得知，画的价值不仅在于会给穷困潦倒的画的主人公带来 些财富，购买画的人往往会与画中的人物故事产生共鸣，甚 至与其成为朋友。这些画改变了买画人对待无家可归人们 30 的态度，肖像画或许会给买画人带来除了画以外更多的东 西。故选B。 3.B句意猜测题。根据第二段“My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book,while my copy sat collecting dust on a shelf.Instead,I would choose to read through the reference books related to my disciplines for better grades.(我的同学们会为最新的《哈利波特》而疯狂， 而我的那本却在书架上积满了灰尘。相反，我会选择阅读与 我的学科相关的参考书，以获得更好的成绩)”可知，作者儿 时对阅读小说不感兴趣，故划线句意思是“作者从小就对小 说缺乏热情”。故选B。 4.D词句猜测题。根据第三段第二、三句话“Chinese companies'direct investment in the country reached $8.23 billion in 2022,a year-on-year jump of 160 percent,reaching a record high and ranking as the second-largest source of foreign investment in Indonesia US investment bank Goldman Sachs also forecasted in a report that Indonesia will become the world's fourth-largest economy by 2050 To turn such rosy prospects into reality.(2022年，中国企业对印尼的直接 投资达到82.3亿美元，同比增长160%，创历史新高，成为印 尼第二大外国投资来源。美国投资银行高盛也在一份报告 中预测，到2050年，印尼将成为世界第四大经济体)”可知， 中国企业对印尼的投资已经成为第二大外国投资来源。而 且印尼即将成为世界第四大经济体，所以中国企业正争先恐 后地将产品、管理团队和营销策略更好地本地化，以及吸引 当地的消费者。所以划线的句子可用“提高其市场份颜并吸 引印尼消费者”来代替。故选D。 高考预测练（十七）阅读理解之应用文 【语篇解读】本文是应用文，主要介绍了国际语言学奥林匹克 竞赛(IOL)的性质、参赛要求、解题示例、规则及奖项设置等相 关信息。 l.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“no special knowledge is required,only basic language concepts,logic,patience,and creative thinking(不需要特殊知识，只需要基本的语言概念 逻辑、耐心和创造性思雏)”以及样题的解题过程可知，解样 题的关键在于推理能力。故选B。 2.A细节理解题。根据Contest Rules部分的“The individual contest involves solving five problems in six hours,whereas the team contest features one problem with two hours less." 可知，个人赛是在6小时内解决5道题，而团队赛是解决1 道题，时间少2小时。因此，个人赛和团队赛的不同之处在 于比赛时长。故选A 3.C 细节理解题。根据Awards部分的“In the individual contest,the number of gold,silver,and bronze medals awarded shall be in the ratio 1 2 3,with the total number of medals being between one quarter and one third of the contestants..(在个人赛中，金牌、银牌和铜牌的颁发数量比例 为1：2：3，且奖牌总数在参赛人数的四分之一到三分之一 之间)”可知，若有240名个人参赛者，则奖牌总数应在240 的四分之一和三分之一之间。C项在60到80之间。故 选C。 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种曾经广 泛使用但现在被视为死亡的语言 一古诺尔斯语、中古英语、 匈牙利语和古希腊语。 4.A 细节理解题。根据Old Norse的“Old Norse was spoken and written by the Vikings from about the 7 th century. 堪的纳维亚语大约从7世纪开始由维京人使用。)”可知，维 京人说的语言是古斯堪的纳雏亚语。故选A。 5.B 细节理解题。根据Middle English的“Middle English gave way to modern English.(中世纪英语让位给现代英语。) ”可知，中古英语的消失是因为现代英语取代了中世纪英语。 故选B。 6.D细节理解题。根据Ancient Greek的“More than4,000 years ago,the Greeks spoke an advanced language known today as Ancient Greek,and developed the first alphabet. Indeed,the English word 'alphabet'is taken from the first two letters of the Greek alphabet:alpha and beta.(4000 前，希腊人说一种先进的语言，今天被称为古希腊语，并开发 了第一个字母表。事实上，英语单词‘alphabet'就是取自希 腊字母表的前两个单词alpha和beta。)”可知，单词Alphabet 来自古希腊语。故选D。 04 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。该文章介绍了四个适合小 镇旅行的目的地：美国俄勒冈州的麦克敏维尔，秘鲁的奥廉泰 坦博，印度的曼达瓦和澳大利亚的洛恩。这些地方都有其独特 的吸引力，可以为成人周末旅行或环球旅行增添色彩。 7.A细节理解题。根据McMinnville,Oregon部分中“Winery tasting rooms,a quaint downtown and boutique hotels make this city southwest of Portland a natural destination for an adults-only weekend getaway..(酿酒厂的品酒室，古色古香的 市中心和精品酒店使这座位于波特兰西南部的城市成为 个只有成年人才能享受周末度假的自然目的地。)”可知，在 俄勒冈州的麦克明维尔，你可以参观葡萄酒厂的品酒室，这 意味着你可以尝试各种各样的葡萄酒。故选A。 8.B细节理解题。根据Mandawa,India部分中“This small town was a part of the ancient Silk Road trading gateway between China and the Middle East,Today,it's filled with frescos,havelis (multistory buildings with courtyards and wall paintings that have transformed it into an open-air art gallery.(这个小镇是古代丝绸之路的一部分，是中国和中东 之间的贸易门户。今天，这里到处都是壁画、带有庭院的多 层建筑和壁画，这些壁画已经把它变成了一个露天艺术画 廊。)”可知，在此处可以欣赏到古代的多层建筑和壁画，故此 地适合喜欢古代艺术的人。故选B。 9.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Newstweek's Fast Women recommend these small towns wholeheartedly-from our own travels,or on the trusted advice of close friends.(《新闻周刊 快女人》真心实意地推荐了这些小镇一 一从我们自己的 旅行中，或者从亲密朋友的可靠建议中。)”以及通读全文可 知，文章是《新闻周刊一快女人》部分中推荐了四个适合小 镇旅行的目的地，《新闻周刊一快女人》为一本杂志，故推 断文章出自于一个旅游杂志。故选A。 D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个山顶区瀑 布步道的相关情况。 l0.B细节理解题。根据Lumsdale Falls部分的“The area includes many 17th-century mill (buildings which used to be powered by the nearby rivers,and the ancient ruins create a timeless atmosphere in the beautiful Lumsdale Valley.(该地区包括许多l7世纪的磨坊建筑，这些建筑曾 经由附近的河流提供动力，古老的废墟在美丽的Lumsdale 山谷中营造了一种永恒的氛围。)”可知，Lumsdale瀑布的氛 围是历史性的，故选B。 ll.D细节理解题。根据Rivelin Valley部分的“Make sure you pack your camera when you visit this waterfall in the Rivel in Valley,as it's one of the most picturesque spots in the Peak District.(当你在河谷里参观这个瀑布时，一定要 带上相机，因为它是山顶区最风景如画的景点之一。)”可 知，要对摄影爱好者推荐的是Rivelin Valley。故选D。 l2.A推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The Peak District National Park offers beautiful scenery for hiking. One exciting attraction is the region's waterfalls.We've picked out four of the most breathtaking waterfall walks; visit just one or tick off all of them as you discover the Peak District.(山顶区国家公园为徒步旅行提供了美丽的风景 该地区的瀑布是一个令人兴奋的景，点。我们挑选了四条最 令人叹为观止的瀑布步道；当你发现山顶区时，只参观其中 一个或勾选所有的景点。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是四个山 顶区瀑布步道的相关情况，因此可以在旅游指南上发现这 篇文章。故选A。 高考预测练（十八）阅读七选五 【语篇解读】本文是说明文，针对40岁后如何保持思维敏锐 度，提出了三种策略：改善恢复力、设置需要评估的学习目标 尝试新事物，并指出这些策略的基础是了解个人需求。 1.C 浏览文章后发现结构为“总一分一总”。第一段提出到了 40岁后人们担心思雏敏锐度下降，过去与现在的差距令人沮 丧。第二、三、四段是作者提出的三种策略，最后一段是对策 略的总结。结合第一段内容和文章结构可以判断，设空处是 文章的中心句。C项（但我们可以通过三种策略恢复敏锐 度)符合中心句的要求。故选C。 2,A第二段讨论恢复对保持思维敏锐度的重要性。空前引用 体育界的说法“你只能训练到你能恢复的程度”。空后对比 年轻人和老年人在恢复能力上的差异。A项（这同样适用于 3 脑力表现)从体育方面过渡到脑力方面，A项中的mental performance与空后的notivation以及focus呼应，前后逻辑 连贯。故选A。 3.E设空处在段首，考虑段落主旨句。该段讨论了设定需要 评估的学习目标可以增强信心、推动使用新学习工具。E项 (追求有适当评估的学习目标也是必要的)概括了本段核心 观，点。故选E。 4.G该段围绕尝试新事物展开。空前指出平衡熟悉的日常与 新体验效果最佳。空后提出建议并举了“每月三个周五去常 去的餐厅，一次去新餐厅”的例子。G项（尝试新事物并不意 味着放弃已被证明有效的方法)与后文的建议和例子呼应。 故选G。 5.D空前总结这些策略有效。空后的They also暗示着设空 处也是对于这些策略特征的描述。D项（它们基本上都需要 了解个人需求)描述了这些策略的特点，与后文“理解营养缺 口、运动限制等方面”形成呼应。故选D。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养学习 习惯的几种方法，比如保持好奇心、和爱学习的人在一起等。 l.C根据上文“Get curious and make friends with your inner cild.(保持好奇，和你内心的孩子交朋友)”可知空前内容建 议人们要保持好奇，和内心的孩子交朋友，因此判断C项“每 个孩子最喜欢问的问题是为什么？”和前句语义衔接，且kd 和child是同义词。故选C。 2.A 空处为本段主旨句。根据后文“Spending time with people pursuing knowledge as intentionally as you are can encourage you to push through challenges to achieve your learning goals.And engaging with people who have different opinions and experiences can help keep your worldview flexible.Then you can continue to find new fields of knowledge to explore.(花时间和那些和你一样追求知识的 人在一起可以鼓励你克服挑战，实现你的学习目标。与有不 同观点和经历的人交往可以帮助你保持世界观的灵活性。 然后你可以继续寻找新的知识领域去探索)”可知，本段建议 人们要花时间和与自己一样追求知识的人在一起，因此判断 A项“让自己与其他学习者为伍。”可以作为主旨句，总领本 段。故选A。 3.E根据后文“So feel open and willing to seize small chances each day to take in new knowledge.You could ask three people for their names and try to repeat them the next day or read the coffee-roasting brochure at your local cafe.No piece of knowledge is unimportant.(所以要敞开心扉，每天抓住小 机会学习新知识。你可以问三个人的名字，第二天试着重复 他们的名字，或者阅读当地咖啡馆的咖啡烘焙手册。没有什 么知识是不重要的)”可知，空后内容建议人们要保持开放的 心态，抓住每天的小机会来获取新知识，因此判断E项“爱好 和知识没有好坏之分。”和后句构成因果关系，且是对主旨句 “Don't disregard the small stuff.(不要忽视小事)”的进一步 解释。故选E 4.D根据后句“You just need to keep your eyes open.(你只需 要睁大眼睛)”并结合本段主旨“不要忽视小事”推知，我们身 边充满了学习的机会，人们只需睁大眼睛寻找便可，因此判 断D项“你周围充满了学习的机会”符合语境，和下文语义连 贯。故选D。 5.G根据上文“Schedule learning.Life is busy,so consider setting aside time to learn new things,This might mean spending ten minutes reading an article on your work break, or setting aside 30 minutes every evening to work on an online training course..(安排学习。生活是忙碌的，所以考虑 留出时间来学习新事物。这可能意味着在工作休息时间花 10分钟读一篇文章，或者每天晚上留出30分钟参加在线培 训课程)”可知，我们应该专门安排一段时间进行学习；结合 后文“It also builds an expectation among those nearest to you that this is your time and they shouldn't disturb you,(它也会 在你身边的人之间建立一种期望，这是你的时间，他们不应 该打扰你)”中的ls0推知，空处内容也是关于专门安排一段 时间学习的好处，因此判断G项“在你的时间表上增加一段 学习时间可以防止你忘记它”符合语境。故选G。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讨论社交焦虑和 害羞的区别来解释避免社交互动的原因。 l.D根据前文“Over80%of university students who took part in a survey tended to avoid social interaction due to an 5高考 高芳预测练（十七） A (2026·广东深圳一模，A)The International Linguistics Olympiad (IOL)is a competition for pre-university students,held in a different country each year since 2003.It challenges participants,both individually and in teams,to solve linguistic(语言学的) puzzles.To compete at the IOL,no special knowledge is required,only basic language concepts,logic,patience,and creative thinking.Try this beginner sample to see if the IOL is right for you. A Puzzle The names of some South American countries are written in Georgian(格鲁吉亚 with their English translations: 0560m05 Brazil 309 Peru 998300 Uruguay Q:What is the English name of this country“s8960o6s”? The Solution ·The Georgian forms of“Peru”and “Uruguay?”have the same number of letters as their English names,showing a direct letter match. ·The repeated U in“Uruguay” further confirms Georgian is written left-to right. ·“Brazil”has fewer letters than the Georgian version,but thanks to the two other names,we already know:(R,S- A,8→G,0→E. With these letters,the pattern 50006(065 can be translated as"A RG E ---A”,which is“Argentina.” 预测练 阅读理解之应用文 Contest Rules Each individual contestant or team must choose a working language for their problems and solutions,a choice that cannot be changed less than two weeks before the Olympiad begins. The individual contest involves solving five problems in six hours,whereas the team contest features one problem with two hours less. Unless instructed,giving multiple answers will receive zero marks.Besides,a detailed explanation is required for each answer;failure to provide one will result in a lower score. Awards The team contest will award up to one gold,two silver,and three bronze medals.In the individual contest,the number of gold, silver,and bronze medals awarded shall be in the ratio 1 2 3,with the total number of medals being between one quarter and one third of the contestants.Click here to find out other awards. 1.Which is essential to solve the sample puzzle? A.Linguistic fluency. B.Reasoning ability. C.Geographic knowledge. D.Mathematical calculation. 2.What is different about the rules for the individual and team contest? A.The duration of the competition. B.The deadline for language choice. C.The result of giving multiple answers. D.The requirement for answer explanations. 3.If there are 240 individual contestants,how many medals could be awarded in total? A.40.B.54.C.72.D.84. 18 班级： B Languages are dying out all the time. Here are four languages that were once widely spoken but are now considered as “dead”languages. Old Norse Old Norse was spoken and written by the Vikings from about the 7th century.It was used in countries like Iceland and parts of Russia.The Vikings were famous for their attacks on neighbouring countries,and so Old Norse had an influence on the languages of the places they attacked,including English. For example,English words such as "egg, gift,anger,want,trust and score"come from Old Norse. Middle English Middle English was spoken in England between the 12th and 15th centuries and was very different from the English we use these days.In the past,England was highly influenced by Old Norse.So was its language. There are no manuscripts（手稿)in Middle English as it was much more fashionable to write in French.Middle English gave way to modern English.One example of the wide use of modern English was Shakespeare's works. Hunnir Hunnir is the most mysterious of the languages on our list.The Huns were a community that spread across eastern Europe in the 4th and 5th centuries.Despite the Huns'success in expanding their empire, their language was never written down.The few words that are known are mainly names- in modern Turkey and Mongolia.Apart from these,only three words are known;kamos, medos (types of drinks)and strava (a big meal). Ancient Greek More than 4,000 years ago,the Greeks spoke an advanced language known today as Ancient Greek,and developed the first 姓名： alphabet.Indeed,the English word "alphabet"is taken from the first two letters of the Greek alphabet:alpha and beta.Although the language is no longer spoken anywhere,it continues to be studied by scholars around the world and is regarded as one of the most important languages of all time. 4.Which language was spoken by the Vikings? A.Old Norse. B.Middle English. C.Ancient Greek.D.Hunnir. 5.Why did Middle English disappear? A.French was a popular written language then. B.Modern English replaced Middle English. C.Shakespeare didn't use Middle English. D.Middle English was influenced by Old Norse. 6.Which word comes from Ancient Greek? A.Want. B.Kamos. C.Strava. D.Alphabet. C Small-town destinations have the advantage of being less expensive,without any compromises on charm.Newstweek's Fast Women recommend these small towns wholeheartedly-from our own travels,or on the trusted advice of close friends. McMinnville,Oregon Winery tasting rooms,a quaint downtown and boutique hotels make this city southwest of Portland a natural destination for an adults-only weekend getaway,Every May,McMinnville is also the home of the largest UFO Festival in the U.S.,which explains why you'll see alien art around town throughout the year. Ollantaytambo,Peru This village located in the Sacred Valley of the Incas sits along the Urubamba River. Here you can take in stunning views of the valley and explore the ruins of the fortress overlooking the town,Wander through ancient streets built by the Incas and take in the landscape of distant mountains. 高考 Mandawa,India This small town was a part of the ancient Silk Road trading gateway between China and the Middle East,Today,it's filled with frescos,havelis (multistory buildings with courtyards)and wall paintings that have transformed it into an open-air art gallery. Lorne,Australia Australia's Great Ocean Road follows the coast,making Lorne a perfect stopping-over point as you travel around the country by the sea.Famous as an art community,it is surrounded by sandy beaches and stunning waterfalls.It's a great fishing destination, too. 7.What can you do at McMinnville,Oregon? A.Try various kinds of wines. B.Enjoy extraordinary natural beauty. C.Get exposed to modern art. D.Celebrate the UFO Festival in summer. 8.Which place best suits people who are fond of ancient art? A.McMinnville,Oregon. B.Mandawa,India. C.Lorne,Australia. D.Ollantaytambo,Peru. 9.Where is the text probably taken from? A.A travel journal.B.An encyclopedia. C.A geography book.D.A tourist website. D Four Peak District waterfall walks The Peak District National Park offers beautiful scenery for hiking.One exciting attraction is the region's waterfalls.We've picked out four of the most breathtaking waterfall walks;visit just one or tick off all of them as you discover the Peak District. Kinder Downfall If there's one Peak District waterfall that you must visit,it's this one.Kinder Downfall is one of the best Great British waterfalls, where you can watch a 30-metrestream of water flowing from an open plateau at Kinder 预测练 Scout.It's best to schedule your visit after heavy rain when the waterfall is really in full force. Lumsdale Falls If you feel like stepping back in time, take a trip to Lumsdale Falls.The area includes many17th-century mill（磨坊) buildings which used to be powered by the nearby rivers,and the ancient ruins create a timeless atmosphere in the beautiful Lumsdale Valley. Padley Gorge The journey to this waterfall has a charming,fairy-tale feel,making it perfect for a fun day out as a family.The walk is around an hour each way,but there are plenty of picnic spots where you can all refuel,as well as areas for little feet to safely paddle in the chilly water. Rivelin Valley Make sure you pack your camera when you visit this waterfall in the Rivel in Valley, as it's one of the most picturesque spots in the Peak District.Follow the nature trail through the woodland where you'll find dams, reservoirs,streams and a series of very pretty waterfalls. 10.Which of the following best describes the atmosphere of Lumsdale Falls? A.Rural. B.Historic. C.Family-friendly.D.Dangerous. 11.Which waterfall walk is recommended for photography enthusiasts? A.Kinder Downfall. B.Lumsdale Falls. C.Padley Gorge. D.Rivelin Valley. 12.Where can the text be found? A.In a travel guide. B.In a news article. C.In a historical document. D.In a scientific journal. 20